2025-2026学年山东师范大学附中高二（上）期中英语试卷-自定义类型

这是一份2025-2026学年山东师范大学附中高二（上）期中英语试卷-自定义类型，共12页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，单词拼写-单句，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A
The Future f Clean Energy in Hmes
Heating，cling，and pwering hmes cntribute significantly t glbalCO2 emissins.As natins strive t reduce their carbn ftprints，residential energy use—respnsible fr nearly 20% f energy-related emissins —pses unique challenges.Belw is the 2022 breakdwn f husehld emissins by surce.
ELECTRICTTY 52%
HEATING 28%
COOLTNG 12%
APPLIANCES 6%
LGHTING 2%
Clean energy slutins fr hmes must be affrdable，efficient，and adaptable t diverse climates.While technlgies vary，here are key innvatins driving the shift tward sustainability.
HEAT PUMPS—Efficient Heating/Cling
Electric heat pumps can replace gas bilers and transfer warmth frm air r grund，cutting heating emissins by 50%，which hpefully，might be able t wrk in sub-zer temperatures in the near future.
SOLAR PANELS—Rftp Revlutin
Slar energy is the mst accessible renewable surce fr husehlds.Advances in phtvltaic（光伏的） cells have cut cst by 80% since 2010，making them available in numerus regins.
WIND TURBINES（涡轮机）—Cmmunity Micrgrids（微电网）
Small-scale turbines in windy areas can pwer neighbrhds，thugh land use debates cntinue."The scale f this energy transitin is，struggling，says Dr.Elena Trres a climate scientist at MTT.Residential renewables like slar and heat pumps culd meet 90% f glbal husehld demand by 2050—but nly if investments triple within this decade.Recent studies shw that every ＄1 invested in green hmes tday saves ＄5 in future climate adaptatin csts.This isn't just an envirnmental urgency；it's ecnmically unavidable.
1.Which tw types cmbined cver ver three quarters f ttal husehld emissins？ ______
A. Electricity and Heating.B. Heating ad-Galing.
C. Appliances and Lighting.D. Cling-and-Appliances.
2.Which technlgy is highlighted as cst-effective fr diverse climates？ ______
A. Heat pumps.B. Smart grids.C. slar panels.D. Wind turbines.
3.What des Dr.Trres emphasize abut the energy transitin？ ______
A. The debates n land use.
B. The increase in slar efficiency.
C. The need fr higher investment.
D. The breakthrugh in heat pump technlgy.
B
On the third day f schl，my teacher's clam that n ne wuld scre abve 90% shk my cnfidence.This anxiety was intensified at hme，where my father viced his cncerns ver my way t a necessity fr a celebrated university.
The final catalyst fr my breakdwn was an unexpected rejectin frm the Reginal Red Crss Yuth Cuncil.The Red Crss was my passin and what I relied n t set me apart frm ther applicants.This rejectin made my future seem hpeless，and I brke like a rubber band stretched beynd its limit.
I fund my mther，the wman wh had sacrificed her wn career and life fr my pprtunities，and pured ut my fears.She listened attentively befre drawing a circle n the tableclth."This is yur time，"she began."Eighty percent is schlwrk，and twenty percent extracurriculars."She then lked at me with deep emtin and said，"But mst imprtantly，at ne hundred percent，is yur mental health."
"Nthing is mre imprtant than yur health，"she cntinued."We want yu t have a gd jb s yu'll be less stressed.If this path makes yu s unhappy，it isn't wrth it.If yu're happier selling ice-cream，s be it."
Her insight was a big relief.I realized a rubber hand desn't have t keep stretching.A rubber band that wraps arund yur hair during the day and is allwed t rest at night wn't ever break.
My rutine remained the same-studying hard and pursuing excellence.The fear f failure lst its pwer.I am still reaching fr the mn，but I am n lnger afraid.Fr I knw that if I miss，I will land right in my mther's arms.
4.What des the underlined wrd "catalyst"in Paragraph 2 mean？ ______
A. FundatinB. SlutinC. SymblD. Cause
5.What des the mther attach mst imprtance t？ ______
A. The authr's verall well being.
B. The sacrifice fr her daughter.
C. The scre f the authr's exam.
D. The authr's devtin t schlwrk.
6.Why des the authr mentin"rubber band？ ______
A. T shw a shift in the authr's view n pressure.
B. T express a cnflict with her mther abut gals.
C. T illustrate a bnd between the authr and her mther.
D. T explain a link t the authr's academic perfrmance.
7.What's the authr's attitude twards her future？ ______
A. Dubtful.B. Optimistic.C. Indifferent.D. Pessimistic.
C
The human mind is deeply influenced by the cllective （集体的）.This phenmenn，termed herd mentality，describes the tendency f individuals t adpt the behavirs，beliefs，and attitudes f the grups t which they belng.It shapes ur thughts and decisins，ften withut cnscius awareness.Frm scial media trends t cnsumer behavir patterns，herd mentality affects hw we think and act.But are we truly independent thinkers，r are we simply fllwing the crwd？
Herd mentality has evlutinary rts.Fr early humans，survival depended n grup chesin （凝聚力）.
Thse wh stayed with the tribe enjyed prtectin and access t resurces，while lners faced threats alne.Over generatins，this adaptive behavir became a natural part f life.Tday，althugh the physical dangers f being alne have decreased，the psychlgical pull f the grup remains pwerful.
Human beings are naturally scial creatures，driven by a fundamental need fr acceptance and a sense f belnging.Our identities are ften tied t the grups we belng t，and the fear f rejectin drives us t cnfrm，even at the cst f ur persnal beliefs.This grup pressure is strengthened by cgnitive biases （认知偏见） that twist judgment.The herd mentality leads individuals t trust the majrity pinin withut critically evaluating it，while repeated expsure t the same infrmatin can make it seem mre believable.Scial media intensifies these biases by prmting ppular cntent ver truth，creating ech chambers that supprt existing beliefs rather than challenge them.
In certain circumstances，herd mentality can have psitive effects，particularly in situatins where individuals have limited infrmatin r expertise.Fllwing the majrity can lead t better utcmes，as the cllective knwledge f the grup surpasses that f any single persn.Hwever，excessive herd mentality pses risks，including suppressing independent thught，harming creativity，and facilitating the spread f misinfrmatin.Therefre，develping critical thinking—questining assumptins，evaluating surces，and explring diverse perspectives —is essential fr bth persnal independence and cllective prgress.
8.Which behavir best demnstrates herd mentality？ ______
A. Supprting grup pinins t fit in with thers.
B. Imprving a slutin with individual creativity.
C. Selecting a career based n family expectatins.
D. Accepting expert advice in cmplicated situatins.
9.Why did early humans develp herd mentality？ ______
A. T enhance their scial status.
B. T meet their emtinal needs.
C. T strengthen their hunting skills.
D. T increase their chances f survival.
10.What is paragraph 3 mainly abut？ ______
A. The link between grup pressure and self-identity.
B. The effect f herd mentality n human minds.
C. The factrs cntributing t herd mentality.
D. The rle f scial media in shaping persnal beliefs.
11.Which statement will the authr prbably agree with？ ______
A. Herd mentality is inevitable in highly cnnected scieties.
B. It is imprtant t maintain critical thinking in a trend-fllwing sciety.
C. Misinfrmatin can lead individuals t rely n cllective pinins.
D. True independence is achieved by rejecting diverse perspectives.
D
Fr centuries，peple thught that fish did nt feel pain r emtins.Nw research has shwn that fish nt nly have feelings but can als sense ne anther s mds.
When a human understands and shares the feelings f anther persn，this is called empathy.Scientists have fund that a chemical in the brain called xytcin is invlved in ur ability t cnnect with thers in this way.A base frm f empathy，knwn as emtinal cntagin，happens when an individual sees smene else displaying an emtin （such as happiness r fear） and reacts by displaying the same type f behavir.
An internatinal team f researchers tested zebrafish with a series f experiments.First，they placed the fish in tw separate tanks and gave ne grup a substance that caused them t act fearful—either freezing r swimming irregularly.Even thugh the fish in the nearby tank had nt tuched the substance，they als began t freeze in fear."They respnd t ther individuals being frightened.just like us，" Ibukun Akinrinade，a c-authr f the study，tld the Assciated Press.
The scientists tried the experiment with fish that had been mdified s their brains wuld nt prduce xytcia.These fish were much less likely t.act anxius when they saw ther fish shwing fear.If researchers gave them an injectin f xytcin，their ability t empathize returned.
Finally，researchers played vides f fearful fish n ne side f the tank and relaxed fish n the ther side.Nrmal fish mved clser t the side that shwed the fearful fish，which might have been an attempt t cmfrt them.The mdified fish did nt mve tward either side.
Lking at the nrmal fish's brains，researchers saw activity in a regin similar t the ne humans and ther mammals use when empathizing with thers.This culd mean that the ability t have empathy develped mre than 350 millin years ag，when fish and mammals shared a cmmn ancestr.Next，researchers want t study whether fish als transfer psitive emtins t ne anther.
12.The phrase "emtinal cntagin" in Paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t ______
A. the ability t cntrl ne's wn emtins when thers are emtinal
B. the prcess f sharing and reflecting thers' emtins uncnsciusly
C. the tendency t hide ne's true feelings t avid affecting thers
D. the capacity t understand the rt cause f thers' emtins
13.What is Ibukun Akinrinade's view n fish empathy？ ______
A. Fish empathy is limited t negative emtins like fear.
B. Zebrafish are the nly fish species capable f empathy.
C. Fish empathy is strnger than that f humans and mammals.
D. The emtinal respnse f fish is cmparable t that f humans.
14.What did the researchers find abut the mdified zebrafish？ ______
A. They culd still sense fear in ther fish withut xytcin.
B. they shwed increased anxiety when injected with xytcin.
C. They failed t respnd t vides f either fearful r relaxed fish.
D. They mved clser t fearful fish t cmfrt them intentinally.
15.What can be the best title f the text？ ______
A. Mre Than Feelings：Hw Fish Share Emtins
B. Frm Fear t Cmfrt：The Scial Lives f Fish
C. The Ancient Rts f Empathy：Evidence frm Fish
D. A New Discvery：The Emtinal Wrld f Zebrafish
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Thedre Rsevelt tk a psitive apprach t life，which can be summarized as "d what yu can with what yu have，where yu are".In ther wrds，when yu are seeking success，use every available resurce.
Thedre Rsevelt had n time fr quitters r cmplainers.(16)Every task，every gal，and every dream can be achieved.All yu need t d is take yur first step by using what yu have arund yu.
D nt make excuses fr nt ding smething.Instead，give all the reasns fr setting ut t cmplete the task.(17)Giving up is nt ne f thse alternatives.The reasn why neither quitters nr cmplainers achieve success is that they cntinuusly find excuses fr nt ding smething.When yu are ging fr success，dn't give yurself excuses.Instead，challenge yurself.
Making the best f what yu are given is encuraging.Achieving success thrugh wrking t find different ways f ding a task r vercming a prblem will make yu feel gd.Yur self-belief and cnfidence will rise.(18)
Thedre Rsevelt was a great advcate f self-discipline.He believed that if we culd nt cntrl ur wn lives，hw culd we lead thers？ (19) Fr example，taking a mrning run is gd fr yur health，but lazing in bed is an attractive alternative.Withut self-discipline，yu'll hesitate ver running daily，but if yu have it，yu'll be able t exercise regularly.
(20)Once yu knw what yu want t d，and hw yu intend t carry yur plan ut，yu will intrduce discipline int yur life.Yu will be able t fcus n yur way frward and knw that yu have the self-discipline t carry n.
A.Being rganized saves time and imprves efficiency.
B.He wuld never accept that smething was impssible.
C.There are always pssible ways f appraching a prject.
D.He believed the secret f success was sticking t the purpse.
E.Besides，yu will feel able t deal with whatever else cmes alng.
F.Self-discipline will help yu rganize yur thughts and plan effectively.
G.With self-discipline，yu'll remve indecisin and begin t stick t yur plan.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Last year my husband and I bked a fall leaf-sight tur up the Hudsn River.We were really eager t see all the changing clrs f the leaves in their full gry.We checked nline when the peak clrs were (21)t ccur and planned ur bat trip accrdingly.
We were a little (22)that day，since nne f the leaves in ur backyard seemed t be changing clr，but we assumed that as we went farther nrth，it wuld be a different stry.
The Palisades Park n the Jersey side was，beautiful but there was nt a clrful leaf (23).We remained hpeful as the jurney (24)but ther than the ccasinal glimpse（瞥见） f yellw and range，it was nt the tur we had (25).
Althugh ur (26) were unmet，we had really enjyed a lt.Hnestly，there was sme (27) in the beginning，but I was able t (28) the psitive.I lve the time getting ut and with my husband.I lve the running waters beside the rad.
If I'd just (29)abut mney wasted and hpes ruined，I wuld have had a truly(30) day.Maybe there wuld be sme reasn fr that but there wuld be little pleasure.
But if I tell myself that I had a beautiful day ut，enjyed sme quiet time with my husband and came back (31)，then it was mney and time well (32).
We culdn't change the (33) f ur lives.We culdn't make the leaves suddenly change clr，but we culd still have a relaxing day ut.Since there was nthing we can d t change the situatin，all that was left was t change ur (34).We culd have s(35) spiled it，put we ended up having a great day.
21.A. scheduledB. suspectedC. suppsedD. cnfirmed
22.A. inspiredB. surprisedC. cncernedD. annyed
23.A. in timeB. in sightC. in advanceD. in particular
24.A. cntinuedB. endedC. changedD. shrtened
25.A. bkedB. imaginedC. experiencedD. planned
26.A. requirementsB. arrangementsC. preparatinsD. expectatins
27.A. interestB. delightC. amusementD. disappintment
28.A. fcus nB. bring abutC. give upD. sum up
29.A. arguedB. talkedC. cmplainedD. wrried
30.A. wnderfulB. meaningfulC. terribleD. unfrgettable
31.A. bredB. refreshedC. tiredD. embarrassed
32.A. preparedB. adjustedC. spentD. saved
33.A. pathsB. galsC. destinatinsD. circumstances
34.A. rutineB. attitudeC. planD. decisin
35.A. easilyB. graduallyC. clearlyD. undubtedly
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.A
In 1967，the Chinese gvernment frmed a team f scientists (1) the bjective f discvering a.new treatment fr malaria，and Tu Yuyu，a (2) （cmmit） and patient scientist，was amng the first researchers chsen.Tu Yuyu went t Hainan， (3) malaria was mre cmmn，t study malaria patients.
B
In the future，we will be using advanced technlgy every day fr autmatic cntrl f just abut everything in ur hme.Yu will n lnger have t think abut turning (4) （switch） n and ff yurself.Yur lights will cme n (5) instant yu enter the dr.All cntrls (6) （ respnd） t vice cmmands.
C
We can learn a lt abut (7) peple are thinking by watching their bdy language Bdy language varies frm culture t culture.Fr example，making eye cntact in sme cuntries is a way t display interest while in sme ther cuntries，men and wmen are (8) （ scial） permitted t make eye cntact.In Japan，smene wh (9) （ witness）anther persn emplying the gesture fr "OK" might think it means mney.Hwever，shuld avid (10) （ make） this gesture in Brazil and Germany，as it is.nt cnsidered plite.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、单词拼写-单句：本大题共10小题，共15分。
37.Befre making a decisin，we must cnsider all ______（潜在的） risks.
38.Research has shwn that having a ______（偏爱） fr junk fd can result in verweight.
39.The rganizatin launched an ______（呼吁） t the public t raise ＄150，000 fr the sick kid.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
40.Cntinuus ______（创新） is necessary t stay ahead f the cmpetitin.
41.The cmpany will ______（采用） a new marketing strategy next quarter.
42.T ur disappintment，despite playing their best，ur team was d______ in the final.
43.I tried t p______ my friend Sam t give up drinking wine，but he just wuldn't listen t me.
44.I can't distinguish yu frm yur twin brther；yu lk i______ t me.
45.Dn't b______ making dinner fr me；I'll grab smething t eat n my way hme.
46.Having ______ s many difficulties，they are nw well-prepared fr any future challenges.
六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。
47.It was an unusual exam that taught a valuable lessn.
T prepare fr it，I abandned almst all my after-schl activities.Fr three mnths，I studied frm six in the mrning until late int the night every day.Still，hwever hard I tried，a cnstant feeling f anxiety never went away，and it fllwed me int the exam rm.It was the first challenge that kncked me dwn.
It was a French exam，and my seat number was 30，which meant I wuld be the last t receive the paper.The secnd challenge greeted me：I wasn't very gd at French and read mre slwly than mst ther students，s I wrried I wuldn't have enugh time t preview all the listening cmprehensin questins befre the test began.
Althugh I had been tld there wuld be tw teachers，my heart still skipped-a beat when I saw them n exam day.The female teacher seemed very cautius as she handed ut the answer sheets.She carefully cmpared each student's face with the pht n the examinee certificate，mving slwly and adding t my anxiety.While she cntinued t hand ut the sheets，the male teacher std in frnt f the platfrm with great seriusness in his eyes.When I tried t reach fr my water t calm myself，the wrst thing happened.
It is my habit t bring a bttle f water t an exam.Hwever，n that particular day，I left hme in a hurry and frgt it.Withut water，my thrat felt burning and my whle bdy dehydrated（脱水的）I was suffering frm this physical discmfrt，and the anxius，upset feeling nly wrsened as the sheets were handed ut s unhurriedly.
What was nly a few minutes felt like a century.Glancing arund，I saw water bttles n the platfrm.The pain —bth physical and mental—became unbearable when the teachers finished their prcesses and were abut t return t the frnt f the classrm.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally，I picked up all my curage and raised my hand.
______
In an instant，my mind was set t rest.
______
1~3.【答案】A、C、C
4~7.【答案】D、A、A、B
8~11.【答案】A、D、C、B
12~15.【答案】B、D、C、D
16~20.【答案】B、C、E、G、F
21~35.【答案】C、C、B、A、B、D、D、A、C、C、B、C、D、B、A
36.【答案】【小题1】with
【小题2】cmmitted
【小题3】where
【小题4】switches
【小题5】the
【小题6】will respnd
【小题7】what
【小题8】scially
【小题9】witnesses
【小题10】making
37.【答案】ptential
38.【答案】preference
39.【答案】appeal
40.【答案】innvatin
41.【答案】adpt
42.【答案】efeated
43.【答案】ersuade
44.【答案】dentical
45.【答案】ther
46.【答案】vercme
47.【答案】 Finally，I picked up all my curage and raised my hand. "Is anything wrng？" I lwered my head instantly under the ther students' stare.At last I managed t stammer ut the wrds that had been circling in my mind fr what felt like centuries. "Culd I have a bttle f water？" I heard her warm vice with a hint f laughter. "Of curse." The male teacher stepped dwn with the bttle，and what surprised me mre was that he even twisted ff the cap fr me. "Des anyne need any help？" he asked，lking arund. "We're here fr yu."
In an instant，my mind was set t rest.With the bttle in hand，I tk a deep breath and began t skim the listening cmprehensin questins.At first I was still nervus and kept taking small sips f water，which miraculusly brught relief.An unexplainable frce urged me t lift my head；the mment I saw the teachers，I heard a vice inside me say， "They're ding their jb，and I shuld d mine." When the bell finally annunced the end f the exam，I watched the tw figures methdically cllecting the papers，and the anxiety inside me was replaced by pure warmth and gratitude.