


所属成套资源:2024-2025学年全国各省市县区八年级(下)期末英语试卷真题合集(备考期末)(含详细答案解析)
2024-2025学年江苏省南京市联合体八年级(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)
展开 这是一份2024-2025学年江苏省南京市联合体八年级(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析),共26页。试卷主要包含了单选题,完形填空,阅读理解,任务型阅读-多任务混合,选词填空-短文,首字母短文填空,单词拼写-单句,单句语法填空等内容,欢迎下载使用。
1. T find ut what students use WeChat fr,a needs t be carried n.( )
A. survey
B. curse
C. subject
D. resurce
2.It makes us that a Chinese cmpany,Yushu Technlgy,has dne such a great jb.( )
A. prudB. pliteC. prperD. patient
3.I like reading bks. ,I enjy sharing interesting stries with my friends.( )
A. OtherwiseB. MreverC. InsteadD. Hwever
4.—Shall we g n a picnic this Sunday?
—Great!But it the weather.( )
A. keeps nB. depends nC. lives nD. turns n
5.—Hw d the British peple usually start a ?
—They start it with subjects like weather and hliday.( )
A. cnversatinB. discussinC. intrductinD. instructin
6.With the supprt frm the gvernment,pr students in ur city n lnger wrry abut nt being able t higher educatin.( )
A. affrdB. allwC. attendD. accept
7.--Yur T-shirt lks beautiful.When did yu buy it?
--In June.I_________ it fr tw weeks.( )
A. hadB. have hadC. buyD. have bught
8.The bk is quite difficult t understand,______ fr the children under 10.( )
A. mstlyB. finallyC. especiallyD. hardly
9.—Sam,I think yu need t have a plan B. .
—OK.Nbdy can be certain f what is ging t happen in the future.( )
A. It's unwise t put all yur eggs in ne basket
B. Many hands make light wrk
C. Yu can't burn the candle at bth ends
D. Actins speak luder than wrds
10.—D yu mind my brrwing this magazine?
—_____.But yu shuld return it t me in a week.( )
A. Yu'd better ntB. Of curse
C. Nt at allD. Never mind
二、完形填空:本大题共10小题,共10分。
My dad wrks fr an aid (救助) rganizatin.He and his wrkmates give(11)aid t the hungry peple in the pr areas.Last weekend,I went with him t ne f his daily wrk.I was there simply t hand peple a leaflet.The jb was(12)and I wasn't having fun.
Then I saw a girl ding the same wrk as I did,but she was(13)all the time.She walked up t peple and asked them whether they needed help,instead f waiting fr peple t find her.Just then,a tthless man came ver,head dwn and shulders bwed.His clthes were ld,dirty and brken.I saw the girl talking(14)t the man, "Mrning,sir!Is there smething I can help yu with?" SIR?SIR!She spke t the ld man as if (好像) he was(15).Was I hearing her crrectly?Why wuld she treat a pr man frm the street(16)a captain (上校) in the army?
She shwed lve.She(17) the ld man and wanted him t feel lved.And she shwed respect.When she called him "Sir",he raised his head and I saw the shcked expressin n his face.
After seeing what she did,I knew I culd d my jb(18).A little by walked ver t me and I smiled at him because I knew what he needed and wanted.It gave me(19)that can nly be felt when yu d smething right.
Taking time t shw care and lve has made a(20) in my character.Hlding the key,I pen every rm t let the sunshine flw in.
11.A. fdB. safetyC. medicalD. educatin
12.A. bringB. excitingC. relaxingD. surprising
13.A. singingB. smilingC. shutingD. thinking
14.A. prudlyB. seriuslyC. plitelyD. carelessly
15.A. funnyB. lnelyC. interestingD. imprtant
16.A. asB. frC. withD. abut
17.A. lked frB. cared abutC. agreed withD. thught f
18.A. luderB. betterC. snerD. quicker
19.A. trustB. successC. pleasureD. interest
20.A. wishB. mistakeC. decisinD. difference
三、阅读理解:本大题共10小题,共20分。
A
Here is the index (索引) and an excerpt (节选) frm a bk n ancient China.
21.Hw many wars can yu find in the index? ______
A. Only ne.B. Tw wars.C. Three wars.D. Fur wars.
22.What can we learn frm the excerpt abut Emperr Yngle? ______
A. He made Nanjing the capital city.
B. He ruled the cuntry fr ver 20 years.
C. He became the emperr at 22 years ld.
D. He was the first emperr in the Ming dynasty.
23.What is this bk mainly abut accrding t the index? ______
A. Abut Chinese calendar.B. Emperr Yngle.
C. Abut the Ming dynasty.D. Emperr Hngwu.
B
Mst peple wh mve t a freign cuntry may experience a perid f time when they feel very hmesick and have a lt f wrries.This feeling is ften called "culture shck (冲击)".It is imprtant t understand it and learn what t d with it if yu want t adapt t yur new hme's culture successfully.
Generally speaking,there are fur stages (阶段) that yu will experience after yu mve t a freign cuntry.The first stage is usually called the "excitement" stage.When arriving in a new envirnment,yu'll be interested in the new culture.Everything will seem exciting and everyne will seem friendly.
But it wn't be lng befre yu mve frm the "excitement" stage t the secnd stage.The excitement yu felt befre changes t wrries.It seems that everything is difficult.The language is hard t learn,friends are difficult t make,and even simple things like shpping have becme a difficult prblem.It is at this "stress" stage that yu may feel wrried and hmesick:This is the stage which is called "culture shck".
Hwever,culture shck desn't last fr very lng.If yu are ne f thse wh manage t get thrugh it,yu will mve t the "recvery (恢复) stage".At this stage,yu start t understand and accept the way things are dne and the way peple behave in yur new envirnment.
The last stage is the "hme" stage.This is the stage when yu start t feel at hme in the new culture.Yu start t learn frm yur new hme and t like sme ways f the new culture better.
Culture shck is cmmn.Everyne in a new situatin will g thrugh it.Cntinue t be brave!And getting thrugh culture shck will be a piece f cake.
24.Amng the fur stages,which stage can explain hw "culture shck" happen? ______
A. The recvery stage.B. The stress stage.
C. The excitement stage.D. The hme stage.
25.What des the underlined wrd "adapt t" in Paragraph 1 mean? ______
A. get used tB. get tired f
C. have truble withD. lk frward t
26.Jane went t study in Germany fr the first time last year.What might be the crrect rder accrding t the passage? ______
①Jane culdn't understand German very well in class.
②After half a year's hard wrk,Jane had n language prblems.
③Everything in the cllege was s fresh.
④Jane enjyed spending gd time with her German friends.
A. ①②③④B. ③①②④C. ②④③①D. ③①④②
C
"I fund it!I fund it!" a secnd grader shuted excitedly as he rushed t Ms.Lia,the librarian.
"This is exactly what I've been lking fr —a cpy f Jurney t the West with pictures f Guanyin in it."
Lia checked the student's library card. "Have a gd read,my dear," she said.Seeing the by rush back t a plastic chair in the crner f the rm,hlding the bk like a bx f treasure, Lia let ut a brad smile.
"Children need a stable (稳定的) envirnment t develp reading skills," she said.The library,cvering less than 20 square meters and hlding abut 5,000 bks,prvides such an envirnment fr the children f migrant wrkers (农民工) in Tngzhu,Beijing.
As a vlunteer librarian,Lia helps children brrw and return bks and rganize the shelves.She als enjys chatting with the students abut their chices.
The library is part f the Weilan Library prject,which wrks t set up libraries fr migrant children.By late Octber,the prject had 82 branches in different cities,helping mre than 80,000 yung readers.
Zu Qia,directr f the Weilan Library prject,wrks hard n it. "Three rules are imprtant in any ne f ur libraries:a large number f high-quality children's bks;cnsistent (连贯的) pening hurs;and helping kids make their wn chice f bks t brrw and read," he said.
Abut five years ag,Zu fund that many schls fr migrant children had a dust-cvered rm with bks,shelves,desks and chairs all ver the place.The rm was nce a library dnated by a charity grup,he added.
"Many gd-hearted peple dnated bks and set up libraries at these schls,but they ften ended up being frgtten and left in darkness in the lng run," he said.
He believed that every child shuld have the right t g t libraries,s he and his friends started the Weilan Library prject.
____ On the windw f a library,there is a pstcard written by a third grader.It reads, "Yur library is small,fr us it is a grand hall f knwledge and teaches us s much."
27.What des the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 mean? ______
A. Ms.Lia had a gd time chatting with the by.
B. Ms.Lia was happy t see the by enjy reading.
C. Ms.Lia was glad t get a bx f treasure frm the by.
D. Ms.Lia was surprised t see the by rush back t the chair.
28.What can we knw frm the passage? ______
A. Zu Qia grew up in a migrant family.
B. Zu Qia pays peple t wrk in the libraries.
C. The prject gt n supprt frm the gvernment.
D. Many libraries dnated by kind peple were in pr cnditin.
29.What can be the missing sentence fr the blank? ______
A. The vlunteers wrk hard every day.
B. The libraries have received lts f dnatins.
C. The libraries mean a lt t migrant students.
D. Migrant students share their reviews in the libraries.
30.Accrding t the passage,what might Ms.Lia share in her WeChat Mment? ______
A. Her dnated bks fr such a big and mdern library.
B. Her difficulty in rganizing visiting hurs fr different grades.
C. Her happiness t help a secnd grader read Jurney t the West.
D. Her experience as a librarian fr helping children f migrant wrkers.
四、任务型阅读-多任务混合:本大题共1小题,共10分。
31. Tracking (跟踪) sme 65,000 miles and 45 cuntries,Christpher Schacht's internatinal bestseller Arund the Wrld n 50 Bucks (元) was translated int English by Janet Gesme.
As a translatr,musician and mther f tw,Janet Gesme speaks English,German,Russian,and Spanish.She fully understands the Christpher's intentins (意图) and has managed t express each idea in his vice.We recently had the chance t interview Gesme,wh prvided us with sme fantastic insights.
Hw des a reader differ frm a Eurpean/German-speaking ne?
The German speaking readers are usually mre patient and willing t read lnger texts fr a better understanding f an idea.
But that was nt the case with Christpher Schacht's bk.He writes quick,exciting,shrt stries that make yu laugh and make yur eyes pp ut in surprise.There was n need t change the style:his writing is exactly what an English-speaking reader lves.
What were the challenges (挑战) r jys f translating Arund the Wrld n 50 Bucks?
First,we were n a shrt timeline,s I needed t translate the whle bk in three mnths.That meant a lt f late nights.The secnd challenge was Christpher's sense f humr.Sme f his humr is based n German culture that are very hard t translate.
This leads int the jys as well.Christpher and I cmmunicated nline weekly while translating the bk.We brainstrmed tgether n hw t find English equivalents (对应词) fr the German style f humr.
One f the themes f this bk is cmmunicating thrugh barriers (障碍).Frm yur pint f view,hw wuld smene interested in traveling best learn a new language in a strange place?
Christpher has great tips fr this in the bk:Use apps and dictinaries t learn as many wrds ahead f time as pssible.When traveling,yu ften have t wait a lt.This is the perfect time t learn.Then talk t peple.Yu will make mistakes and it will be hard,but it is helpful and yu'll gain a lt.
注意:前 7 个小题每个空格只能填1个单词。最后两小题词数不限。
Janet Gesme and Arund the Wrld n 50 Bucks
(1) What ther way that can als help yu learn new wrds well?
______
(2) Frm the interview with Gesme,what ability d yu think a translatr shuld have?
______
五、选词填空-短文:本大题共1小题,共5分。
32.
MSF stands fr Médecins Sans Frntières.It's als knwn as Dctrs Withut Brders (无国界医生).Médecins Sans Frntières is French.This rganizatin was(1)______by sme French dctrs in 1971.Since then,MSF has sent trained dctrs all ver the wrld t help peple wh have suffered frm disasters,(2)______ wars and illness.
Every year,abut 3,000 dctrs and nurses wrk fr MSF.Over 27,000 dctrs have already(3)______ MSF s far.The rganizatin received the Nbel Peace Prize in 1999.All kinds f dctrs can vlunteer fr MSF.They need t be(4)______ t g anywhere in the wrld.Mst f MSF's wrk is in Africa.Dctrs have t g fr at least six mnths when MSF chses them fr a task.
But why wuld dctrs leave a(5)______ life and a gd pay t jin MSF?Sme f them say the experience is a great help in their life.And they say that it's great t give thers a helping hand.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
六、首字母短文填空:本大题共1小题,共5分。
33.D yu make yur bed every mrning?It may seem like a small (1)a ______ ,but dn't lk dwn n the benefits (好处) f making it a habit.This is gd fr yur physical and mental health.
First f all,making yur bed can be yur first step twards having a successful day.Making yur bed may nly take a few minutes.But this can be yur first(2)t ______ f the day.Yu will have a feeling f achievement when yu (3)c ______ it.And this will make yu mve n ther tasks.
Besides,yur sleep envirnment plays an imprtant rle.(4)P ______ sleep envirnment includes nt nly nise and light,but als mess.On the ther hand,keeping yur bedrm clean and cmfrtable will help yu sleep better at night.
Hw can yu make bed-making a daily habit then?Well,first yu can set and keep a daily rutine.Fr example,yu can try making yur bed (5)a ______ brushing yur teeth every day.Sme peple als set alarms n their phnes t remind them t make their beds.Of curse,there are ther ways t develp the habit.But it wn't be difficult if yu decide t.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
七、单词拼写-单句:本大题共5小题,共5分。
34.The girl jined in the Chinese Character Spelling Cntest and wn first ______( /praɪz/).
35.As Taylr Swift nce said,reading can ______(训练) ur imaginatin t think big.
36.The girl culdn't______(表达) herself clearly because f shyness.
37.Since we are in need f ______(药)nw,we shuld ask fr peple's help.
38.I feel happy that sme bks help me deal with life prblems ______(明智地).
八、单句语法填空:本大题共5小题,共5分。
39.Miss Sun is always patient enugh ______( help) us with ur English.
40.Amy is full f ______( cnfident) t pen up a new wrld t herself.
41.D all the peple have enugh mney fr medical ______( treat)?
42.The children in pr areas hpe t receive gd ______( educate).
43.Lts f ______( interview) have visited me since I gt the first prize in the cmpetitin.
九、句型转换:本大题共5小题,共5分。
44.Yu talked abut the prgram this mrning,and we did t.(改为同义句)
Yu talked abut the prgram this mrning,and we did ____________.
45.Yu think twice befre making a decisin.Yu are wise. (改为同义句)
It is ____________ yu t think twice befre making a decisin.
46.He has decided t change his living habits.(改为同义句)
He has ____________ his mind t change his living habits.
47.The questin is very difficult,and I can't answer it. (改为同义句)
The questin is ____________ fr me t answer.
48.They saw a by swimming in the river at this time yesterday. (改为被动语态)
A by ____________ swimming in the river at this time yesterday.
十、完成句子:本大题共5小题,共5分。
49.我认为你应该礼貌地等待,而不是打断他们说话。
I think yu shuld wait plitely instead f ______ them.
50.他的教学风格与多数老师相似。
His teaching style is ____________ that f mst teachers.
51.当地的医生和护士被邀请上船学习一些新的技能。
Lcal dctrs and nurses are invited ______ t learn sme new skills.
52.我们应该学会节约,因为地球的资源正在耗尽。
We shuld learn t save because the earth's resurces are ______.
53.希望我们彼此密切合作,共同发展。
Hpe we ______ each ther and develp tgether.
十一、书面表达:本大题共1小题,共15分。
54.你校英文网站正面向全校学生举办主题为"Hw t g green at schl"的征文活动。请你根据下面要求,用英语写一篇短文投稿。
注意:
(1)内容涵盖要点,全文连贯通顺;
(2)词数80左右(已给出的征文开头不计入总词数);
(3)文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息,如校名、人名等。
Hw t g green at schl Withut green,life has n hpe.Ging green means we shuld ______.
Thanks fr yur reading!
答案和解析
1.【答案】A
【解析】survey调查;curse课程;subject科目,主题;resurce资源。根据"T find ut what students use WeChat fr"(为了了解学生使用微信的目的)和所给图片可知,需通过收集数据,即展开调查的方式获取信息。
故选:A。
为了了解学生使用微信的目的,需要开展一项调查。
考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
2.【答案】A
【解析】prud自豪的;plite礼貌的;prper适当的;patient耐心的。根据"a Chinese cmpany,Yushu Technlgy,has dne such a great jb."(一家中国公司,玉树科技,做了如此出色的工作。)可知,能做出如此出色的工作是让我们感到自豪。
故选:A。
这让我们感到自豪的是,一家中国公司,玉树科技,做了如此出色的工作。
考查形容词词义辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的形容词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
3.【答案】B
【解析】Otherwise否则;Mrever而且;Instead相反;Hwever然而。根据 I like reading bks.(我喜欢读书。)可知,此处是而且我喜欢和我的朋友分享有趣的故事。空后的句子相较于前一句话是递进关系。
故选:B。
我喜欢读书。而且我喜欢和我的朋友分享有趣的故事。
考查副词词义辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的副词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
4.【答案】B
【解析】keeps n继续;depends n取决于;lives n以……为生;turns n打开(电器等)。根据"the weather.(天气)"可知,野餐计划需视天气情况而定。
故选:B。
—这周日我们去野餐吧?
—太好了!但这取决于天气。
熟悉动词短语的用法,结合题意,给出答案。
5.【答案】A
【解析】cnversatin谈话;discussin讨论;intrductin介绍;instructin用法说明。"They start it with subjects like weather and hliday"(他们从天气和假期之类的话题开始。)可知,询问英国人以什么话题开始交谈。
故选:A。
—英国人通常是怎样开始谈话的?
—他们从天气和假期之类的话题开始。
考查名词辨析。要求学生熟悉常见的名词的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
6.【答案】A
【解析】affrd负担得起;allw允许;attend参加;accept接受。根据"pr students"(贫困学生)可知,此处表明在政府的支持下,贫困的学生就不用担心负担高等教育的费用了。
故选:A。
在政府的支持下,我市贫困学生不再担心无法负担高等教育。
先理解句意,再分析选项,最后综合判断得出答案。
7.【答案】B
【解析】根据题干中fr tw weeks"两个星期"可知该句应用现在完成时态,其结构是主语+have/has+动词过去分词,可先排除A和C项.其次当现在完成时态和表示一段的时间状语连用,谓语动词要用延续性动词,buy是短暂性动词,其对应的延续性动词是have,故划线部分填写have had,B项符合题意。
故选:B。
--你的T恤看起来很漂亮。你什么时候买的?
--六月。我已经拥有它两个星期了。
本题考查现在完成时态,基础题,掌握该时态是解题的关键,其次再根据题干即可作出选择。
8.【答案】C
【解析】A.mstly大多数,大部分;B.finally最后,终于:C.especially尤其,特别;D.hardly几乎不。根据句意The bk is quite difficult t understand"这本书很难理解"可知,此书有难度,尤其是针对10岁以下的儿童。C项符合题意。
故选:C。
这本书很难理解,尤其是对10岁以下的孩子来说。
本题考查副词辨析,要求学生熟悉常见的副词含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
9.【答案】A
【解析】A把所有鸡蛋放入一个篮子里是不明智的;B人多力量大;C蜡烛不能两头烧;D事实胜于雄辩。根据I think yu need t have a plan B(我认为你需要有一个B计划)可知此句是指要做两手准备,不能把所有鸡蛋放入一个篮子里。
故选:A。
-萨姆,我认为你需要有一个B计划。把所有鸡蛋放入一个篮子里是不明智的。
-好的。没人可以确定未来会发生什么。
掌握常见谚语的含义,结合语境理解句意,即可找出答案。
10.【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你介意我借这本杂志吗?——一点也不。但你应该在一周内还给我。A.Yu'd better nt你最好不要;B.Of curse当然;C.Nt at all一点也不;D.Never mind没关系。根据But yu shuld return it t me in a week.可知,是不介意借出杂志,表示不介意应用Nt at all。故选C。
11~20.【答案】A、A、B、C、D、A、B、B、C、D
【解析】( 1)考查名词。句意:他和他的同事们给贫困地区饥饿的人们提供粮食援助。fd食物;safety安全;medical医学的,医疗的;educatin教育。根据"hungry peple(饥饿的人)"可知,他们给饥饿的人们提供粮食援助。故选A。
( 2)考查形容词。句意:这个工作很枯燥,我一点都不开心。bring枯燥的;exciting刺激的;relaxing放松的;surprising令人吃惊的。根据"I wasn't having fun.(我一点都不开心)"可知,这个工作很枯燥。故选A。
( 3)考查动名词。句意:然后我看到一个女孩做着和我一样的工作,但是她一直在微笑。singing唱歌;smiling微笑;shuting大叫;thinking思考。根据"Then I saw a girl ding the same wrk as I did(然后我看到一个女孩做着和我一样的工作)"以及转折连词but(但是)可知,这个女孩的心情与我的不开心相反,她是开心的,面带微笑做事。故选B。
( 4)考查副词。句意:我看见这个女孩很有礼貌的和那个男人说话。prudly自豪地;seriusly严重地,严肃地;plitely礼貌地;carelessly粗心地。根据"Mrning,sir!(早上好,先生!)"可知,女孩很有礼貌地和那个男人说话。故选C。
( 5)考查形容词。句意:她对那位老人说话,好像他是个重要人物似的。funny滑稽的;lnely孤独的;interesting有趣的;imprtant重要的。根据后文"a captain in the army(军队中的上尉)"可知,她把这个男人看成一个重要的人物。故选D。
( 6)考查介词。句意:她为什么要把一个街上的穷人当成军队的上尉对待?as作为,如同;fr为了;with和;abut关于。根据"a captain in the army(军队中的上尉)"可知,女孩把一个街上的穷人当成军队的上尉一样对待。treat as"把……看作……"。故选A。
( 7)考查动词短语。句意:她关心老人,想让他感受到爱。lked fr寻找;cared abut关心;agreed with同意;thught f想到。根据"wanted him t feel lved(想让他感受到爱)"可知,她关心老人。故选B。
( 8)考查副词比较级。句意:看到她所做的,我知道我可以做得更好。luder大声;better更好;sner更早;quicker更快。根据"A little by walked ver t me and I smiled at him because I knew what he needed and wanted.(一个小男孩向我走来,我对他微笑,因为我知道他需要什么,想要什么。)"可知,作者受到女孩的影响,做得更好了。故选B。
( 9)考查名词。句意:它带给我的是只有当你做了正确的事才会感受到的快乐。trust信任、信赖;success成功;pleasure快乐;interest兴趣。根据"that can nly be felt when yu d smething right(只有当你做了正确的事才会感受到)"可知,做正确的事情会感到快乐。故选C。
( 10)考查名词。句意:花时间来表达关心和爱已经影响了我的性格。wish愿望;mistake错误;decisin决定;difference差别。make a difference"有影响,起作用",固定搭配。故选D。
本文讲述了作者在一次志愿活动中遇到一个热情服务他人的小女孩,作者被她的善良举动感动,从而反思自己的行为。
首先通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合所学语法,运用排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。
21~23.【答案】C、B、C
【解析】( 1)细节理解题。根据左方框civil war,167—169(内战,167-169)with Japan,174—180(日本,174-180)和with Mnglia,180—183(蒙古,180-183)可知,共提到3场战争,包括内战、与日本的战争、与蒙古的战争。故选C。
( 2)细节理解题。根据右方框Emperr Yngle (Yng LAW) was ne f the mst pwerful emperrs (皇帝) in the Ming dynasty.He ruled fr 22 years and made many cultural advances.(永乐皇帝是明朝最有权势的皇帝之一。他统治了22年,取得了许多文化进步。)可知,永乐皇帝执政超过20年。故选B。
( 3)主旨大意题。根据第一段Here is the index (索引) and an excerpt (节选) frm a bk n ancient China.(这是一本关于中国古代的书的索引和摘录。)及全文可知,本文主要介绍了明朝永乐皇帝的相关内容及书籍索引的条目。索引条目涵盖明朝的多个方面:皇帝、文化、经济和建筑等。综合可知全书主题与明朝相关。故选C。
本文主要介绍了明朝永乐皇帝的相关内容及书籍索引的条目。
通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。
24~26.【答案】B、A、B
【解析】( 1)细节理解题。根据第三段"It is at this 'stress' stage that yu may feel wrried and hmesick:This is the stage which is called 'culture shck'.(在这个'压力'阶段,你可能会感到担忧和思乡:这就是所谓的'文化冲击'阶段。)"可知,文化冲击发生在压力期,故选B。
( 2)词句猜测题。根据第一段"if yu want t adapt t yur new hme's culture successfully.(如果你想成功地新家的文化。)"可知,adapt t 指"成功适应新文化",与"get used t"(习惯、适应)同义,故选A。
( 3)细节理解题。根据第二段The first stage is usually called the "excitement" stage.When arriving in a new envirnment,yu'll be interested in the new culture.Everything will seem exciting and everyne will seem friendly.(第一阶段通常被称为"兴奋"阶段。当你来到一个新的环境,你会对新的文化感兴趣。每件事看起来都很令人兴奋,每个人看起来都很友好。)以及第三段The language is hard t learn,friends are difficult t make,and even simple things like shpping have becme a difficult prblem.It is at this "stress" stage that yu may feel wrried and hmesick:This is the stage which is called "culture shck".(语言很难学,朋友很难交,甚至像购物这样简单的事情都成了难题。在这个"压力"阶段,你可能会感到焦虑和想家:这就是所谓的"文化冲击"阶段。)以及第四段If yu are ne f thse wh manage t get thrugh it,yu will mve t the "recvery (恢复) stage".At this stage,yu start t understand and accept the way things are dne and the way peple behave in yur new envirnment.(如果你是那些设法度过难关的人之一,你将进入"恢复阶段"。在这个阶段,你开始理解和接受新环境中做事的方式和人们的行为方式。)以及第五段The last stage is the "hme" stage.This is the stage when yu start t feel at hme in the new culture.Yu start t learn frm yur new hme and t like sme ways f the new culture better.(最后一个阶段是"家"阶段。这是你开始在新文化中感到自在的阶段。你开始从你的新家学习,并更喜欢新文化的某些方面。)可知,③对应兴奋期(fresh);①对应压力期(语言困难);②对应恢复期(语言问题解决);④对应居家期(与朋友相处愉快)。正确顺序为③①②④。故选B。
短文主要介绍了移居国外者常经历的"文化冲击"现象,分为四个阶段:初到时的兴奋期,随后因语言、交友等困难进入压力期(即文化冲击期),之后逐渐适应进入恢复期,最终达到将新环境视为家的归属感阶段。文章鼓励面对文化冲击要保持勇敢,视其为成长的一部分。
通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。
27~30.【答案】B、D、C、D
【解析】( 1)语义猜测题。根据第三段Seeing the by rush back t a plastic chair in the crner f the rm,hlding the bk like a bx f treasure,Lia let ut a brad smile.(看到这个男孩冲回房间角落里的塑料椅上,手里拿着那本书,就像一盒珍宝,廖露出了灿烂的笑容。)可知,划线句子表明她因孩子热爱阅读而高兴。故选B。
( 2)推理判断题。根据倒数第四段Abut five years ag,Zu fund that many schls fr migrant children had a dust-cvered rm with bks,shelves,desks and chairs all ver the place.The rm was nce a library dnated by a charity grup,he added.(大约五年前,左发现许多民工子弟学校的房间里满是灰尘,到处都是书、书架、课桌和椅子。他补充说,这个房间曾经是一个慈善组织捐赠的图书馆。)可知,许多由好心人捐赠的图书馆状况很差。故选D。
( 3)推理判断题。根据最后一段Yur library is small,fr us it is a grand hall f knwledge and teaches us s much.(你们的图书馆很小,但对我们来说,它是知识的殿堂,教会了我们很多东西。)可知,空白处后文引用学生明信片内容:"图书馆虽小,却是知识的殿堂",要直接体现图书馆对学生的意义。C选项"图书馆对流动学生来说意义重大"符合语境。故选C。
( 4)推理判断题。全文围绕廖女士作为志愿者的工作展开(如帮助借书、与学生交流、提供阅读环境),所以最可能分享相关经历。故选D。
本文介绍了"蔚蓝图书馆"项目的背景、目标和意义。
答阅读题时,先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络,然后在文章中找到对应的信息,再和选项作对比,得出正确答案。
31.【答案】【小题1】travel
【小题2】successfully
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段"Tracking (跟踪) sme 65,000 miles and 45 cuntries,Christpher Schacht's internatinal bestseller Arund the Wrld n 50 Bucks (元) was translated int English by Janet Gesme.(Christpher Schacht的国际畅销书《用50美元环游世界》走遍了45个国家,行程约65000英里,由Janet Gesme翻译成英文。)"可知,这本书是关于Christpher Schacht环游45个国家的旅行经历,行程覆盖了65,000公里。故填travel。
(2)细节理解题。根据第二段"She fully understands the Christpher's intentins (意图) and has managed t express each idea in his vice.(她完全理解克里斯托弗的意图,并设法用他的声音表达了每一个想法。)"可知,Janet Gesme理解了Christpher的意图,并成功地用他的声音表达了每一个想法。故填successfully。
(3)细节理解题。根据第五段"He writes quick,exciting,shrt stries that make yu laugh and make yur eyes pp ut in surprise.There was n need t change the style:his writing is exactly what an English-speaking reader lves.(他写的故事短小精悍,令人兴奋,能让你开怀大笑,让你惊讶地瞪大眼睛。没有必要改变风格:他的作品正是英语读者所喜爱的。)"可知,Schacht的短篇写作正好符合说英语读者的习惯,所以Gesme可以不用改变风格来翻译这本书。故填matches。
(4)细节理解题。根据第七段"The secnd challenge was Christpher's sense f humr.Sme f his humr is based n German culture that are very hard t translate.(第二个挑战是Christpher的幽默感。他的一些幽默是基于德国文化的,很难翻译。)"可知,Janet Gesme在翻译Christpher的幽默时遇到了困难。故填difficulty。
(5)细节理解题。根据第八段"Christpher and I cmmunicated nline weekly while translating the bk.We brainstrmed tgether n hw t find English equivalents (对应词) fr the German style f humr.(Christpher和我在翻译这本书的时候每周都在网上交流。我们一起集思广益,讨论如何为德国风格的幽默找到对应的英语。)"可知,翻译的乐趣来自于与Christpher的在线交流,这意味着他们一起集思广益。故填cmmunicatin。
(6)细节理解题。根据最后一段"Use apps and dictinaries t learn as many wrds ahead f time as pssible.(使用应用程序和字典提前学习尽可能多的单词。)"可知,在旅行前可以使用应用程序和字典来学习尽可能多的单词。故填help。
(7)细节理解题。根据最后一段"When traveling,yu ften have t wait a lt.This is the perfect time t learn.(旅行时,你经常要等很多时间。这是学习的最佳时机。)"可知,在旅行中等待的时候可以学习。故填waiting。
(8)开放性试题。题意:还有什么方法可以帮助你学好新单词呢?结合实际情况,可回答:看英语电影或电视节目也可以帮助我学好新单词,因为我可以在语境中看到和听到这些单词。故填Watching English mvies r TV shws can als help me learn new wrds well,because I can see and hear the wrds in cntext.(答案不唯一)
(9)开放性试题。题意:从对Gesme的采访来看,你认为一个翻译应该具备什么样的能力?可回答:通过对Gesme的采访,我认为一个翻译应该具备理解原作者意图并用译语准确表达的能力,以及克服文化和语言障碍的能力。故填Frm the interview with Gesme,I think a translatr shuld have the ability t understand the riginal authr's intentins and express them accurately in the target language,as well as the ability t vercme cultural and linguistic barriers.(答案不唯一,言之有理即可。)
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Janet Gesme作为《50元环游世界》一书的英文译者,如何将Christpher Schacht的德语原著翻译成英文,并分享了她在翻译过程中的挑战、乐趣以及她对于学习新语言的建议。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意。其次,细读题材,各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
32.【答案】【小题1】set up
【小题2】such as
【小题3】vlunteered fr
【小题4】ready
【小题5】cmfrtable
【解析】( 1)考查动词短语。句意:该组织由一些法国医生于1971年建立。根据上下文可知,MSF是由法国医生"创立"的,set up"建立"。主语"This rganizatin"是物,此处需用一般过去时的被动语态,set的过去分词是set。故填set up。
( 2)考查副词短语。句意:帮助那些遭受灾难、例如战争和疾病的人们。此处需列举灾难的具体类型,such as"例如"用于举例说明。故填such as。
( 3)考查动词短语。句意:迄今为止,已有超过27,000名医生自愿参与MSF。此处指医生"自愿加入"MSF,vlunteered fr"自愿参与"。故填vlunteered fr。
( 4)考查形容词。句意:他们需要准备好随时出发前往世界任何地方。此处指医生需"准备好"随时出发,be动词之后用形容词作表语,ready"准备好的",形容词。故填ready。
( 5)考查形容词。句意:为什么医生会放弃舒适的生活和高薪加入MSF?此处指舒适的生活,修饰名词life需用形容词,cmfrtable"舒适的",形容词。故填cmfrtable。
本文介绍了无国界医生组织(MSF)的成立背景、工作内容以及医生们参与该组织的原因。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
33.【答案】【小题1】ct
【小题2】ask
【小题3】mplete
【小题4】r
【小题5】fter
【解析】(1)考查动词。句意:整理床铺看似是小事,但别低估它的好处。此处需填名词表示"小事"。根据首字母应填act"行为"。故填act。
(2)考查名词。句意:整理床铺可能是你一天的第一个任务。此处需填与"行动"相关的名词。结合首字母应填task"任务"。故填task。
(3)考查动词。句意:当你完成它时,会有成就感。主语是"yu",宾语是"it",指整理床铺,根据首字母可知,需填动词表示"完成"。cmplete"完成"。故填cmplete。
(4)考查形容词。句意:差的睡眠环境不仅包括噪音和光线,还有杂乱。此处需形容词修饰"sleep envirnment"(睡眠环境),且与后文mess"杂乱"呼应。结合首字母应填Pr"差的"。故填Pr。
(5)考查介词。句意:你可以尝试每天整理床铺在刷牙之后。此处指几个动作应该有先后顺序,结合首字母应填after"在……之后"。故填after。
短文主要讲述了每天整理床铺这一小习惯的好处,包括有助于开启成功一天、带来成就感以推动完成其他任务,以及保持整洁睡眠环境利于夜间睡眠,还提及可通过设定日常流程等方式将其养成每日习惯。
通读全文,理解文章大意,紧密结合上下文判断句意,根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义,根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式,完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
34.【答案】prize
【解析】根据音标 /praɪz/ 和上下文,应填 prize"奖项"。"wn first prize" 是固定搭配,表示"赢得一等奖/第一名"。
故填:prize。
这个女孩参加了汉字拼写大赛,并赢得了一等奖。
首先要掌握这个词的发音,然后根据具体的题目,就可以做出正确答案。
35.【答案】train
【解析】train训练,动词。情态动词can后用动词原形。
故答案为:train。
正如泰勒•斯威夫特曾经说过的那样,阅读能够训练我们的想象力去大胆思考。
此题考查单词拼写,根据汉语意思,正确拼写出单词,注意结合语法变换词的形式,便可得出正确答案。
36.【答案】express
【解析】根据提示:表达译为:express,culdn't后面用动词原形.
故答案为:express.
这个女孩因为害羞而不能清楚地表达自己.
考查翻译填空.解答此题的关键是根据语境推测要填内容表达的含义,然后用合适的词的形式完成句子.
37.【答案】medicine
【解析】in need f sth"需要某物",空格处应为名词;medicine"药",通常为不可数名词。
故填:medicine。
由于我们现在需要药物,我们应该寻求人们的帮助。
通读句子,理解大意,根据想出要填的词根,再联系语境变换恰当的词形,正确答题。
38.【答案】wisely
【解析】"wisely明智地",副词修饰动词,作状语。
故填:wisely。
我感到高兴的是,有些书能帮助我明智地处理生活中的问题。
熟悉副词的用法,结合题意,给出答案。
39.【答案】t help
【解析】 help帮助,动词。根据题干可知,形容词+enugh t d sth"足够……做某事",空处填动词不定式。
故答案为:t help。
孙老师总是足够耐心地帮助我们学习英语。
用所给词的适当形式填空,考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对词性转换能力。做题时,要根据题干中的相关提示来确定空缺处单词的词性及单词的形式,然后对所给单词进行适当的变形,从而得出正确答案。
40.【答案】cnfidence
【解析】cnfident自信的,形容词。be full f"充满",后接名词,cnfident的名词为cnfidence"信心",这里是不可数名词。
故答案为:cnfidence。
艾米满怀信心地为自己开辟了一个新世界。
充分理解句意,积累一些词汇,再根据提示,运用适当形式完成试题。
41.【答案】treatment
【解析】treat对待,治疗,动词。空前形容词medical"医疗的",修饰名词treatment"治疗",medical treatment"医疗治疗"。
故答案为:treatment。
所有人都有足够的钱用于医疗治疗吗?
充分理解句意,积累一些词汇,再根据提示,运用适当形式完成试题。
42.【答案】educatin
【解析】receive接受,动词。空前形容词gd"好的",修饰不可数名词educatin"教育"。
故答案为:educatin。
贫困地区的孩子希望接受良好的教育。
充分理解句意,积累一些词汇,再根据提示,运用适当形式完成试题。
43.【答案】interviewers
【解析】根据"Lts f…have visited me since I gt the first prize in the cmpetitin."(自从我在比赛中获得一等奖以来,很多已经访问了我。)以及所给单词可知,此处指的是很多采访者,interviewer"采访着",lts f修饰可数名词复数形式。
故填:interviewers。
自从我在比赛中获得一等奖以来,很多采访者已经访问了我。
主要考查对句子意思的理解和对名词的掌握。
44.【答案】as
well
【解析】根据Yu talked abut the prgram this mrning,and we did t.(你今天早上讨论了这个项目,我们也讨论了。)可知,句子为肯定句,t"也"通常用于肯定句句末,t和as well"也"在表示"也"时可以互换,as well同样用于肯定句句末。
故填:as well。
你今天早上讨论了这个项目,我们也讨论了。
做这类题,要注意分析题干信息,并结合语境答题。
45.【答案】wise
f
【解析】改为同义句时,可用句型It is + adj. + f sb. + t d sth.结构,表示"某人做某事是……的"。其中wise描述人的品质,因此用介词f。
故填:wise f。
你在做决定前会三思,这是明智的。
熟悉形容词作定语的用法,结合题意,给出答案。
46.【答案】made
up
【解析】decide t d sth=make up ne's mind t d sth"决定做某事",时态是现在完成时,动词用过去分词形式。
故填:made up。
他已决定改变自己的生活习惯。
考查句型转换,结合题目要求,弄清楚所给句子的内容和句式结构,试题填空部分与原句的对应关系,表达形式。
47.【答案】t
difficult
【解析】原句中的"very difficult,and I can't answer it"可以改写为"t+形容词+fr sb t d"结构,表示"对于某人来说太……而不能……"。形容词用原句中的difficult"困难的"。
故填:t difficult。
这个问题太难了,我无法回答。
熟悉形容词的用法,结合题意,给出答案。
48.【答案】was
seen
【解析】根据"They saw a by(他们看到一个男孩)"可知,原句时态为一般过去时,谓语动词为"saw"。改为被动语态,要用一般过去时态的被动语态,结构为was/were dne。主语为"A by(一个男孩)",be动词用was。"saw"的原形为see"看见",过去分词为seen。
故填:was seen。
他们昨天这个时候看到一个男孩在河里游泳。
掌握一般过去时被动语态的结构和用法是解答本题的关键。
49.【答案】interrupting
【解析】interrupt"打断",介词f后加动名词作宾语,instead f ding sth.代替做某事,而不是做某事。
故答案为:interrupting。
我认为你应该礼貌地等待,而不是打断他们说话。
此题考查汉译英,在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上,根据语法结构,组合短语或者句子,便可得出正确答案。
50.【答案】similar
t
【解析】根据汉语意思可知,此处缺少"与……相似"的英语表达,其英语表达为:be similar t,是形容词短语。
故填:similar t。
他的教学风格与多数老师相似。
考查形容词短语,应牢记其含义和用法,结合语境答题。
51.【答案】n bard
【解析】根据汉语意思可知,此处缺少"上船"的英语表达,其英语表达为:n bard,是介词短语。
故填:n bard。
当地的医生和护士被邀请上船学习一些新的技能。
考查介词短语,应牢记其含义和用法,结合语境答题。
52.【答案】running ut/being used up
【解析】根据中英文提示可知,此处需表达"正在耗尽",使用现在进行时"be + 现在分词"结构;"耗尽"可用run ut或use up。run ut为不及物动词短语;若使用use up,其为及物动词短语,资源是"被耗尽",需用被动语态"be used up",结合现在进行时被动结构"be being dne"。
故填:running ut/being used up。
我们应该学会节约,因为地球的资源正在耗尽。
做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
53.【答案】can wrk clsely tgether with
【解析】根据汉语提示"希望我们彼此密切合作,共同发展",可知用肯定句,时态为一般现在时。考虑用wrk clsely tgether with"与……密切合作",根据" ther and develp tgether"可知,主语为we,动词develp为原形,句子可用情态动词can表达可能性,其后加动词原形。
故填:can wrk clsely tgether with。
希望我们彼此密切合作,共同发展。
根据汉语提示填空,先要想出要填的句型,再恰当地运用词汇,方能正确解答。对于汉译英的题型,先要分析句型结构,再明确主语、谓语等句子成分,在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识翻译。
54.【答案】Hw t g green at schl Withut green,life has n hpe.Ging green means we shuld prtect the envirnment by saving resurces and reducing pllutin.Hwever,I ften see bad behavirs in ur schl,such as wasting paper,leaving lights n,and littering.T make ur schl greener,here's my advice.First,turn ff lights and fans when leaving classrms.Secnd,reuse ntebks and recycle waste paper.Third,bring reusable water bttles instead f plastic nes.Finally,plant mre trees in schl gardens.
Small actins make big differences.Let's wrk tgether fr a greener schl!
Thanks fr yur reading!
【解析】Hw t g green at schl Withut green,life has n hpe.Ging green means we shuld prtect the envirnment by saving resurces and reducing pllutin.("走向绿色"是什么意思)Hwever,I ften see bad behavirs in ur schl,such as wasting paper,leaving lights n,and littering.(在我们学校看到了哪些不良行为)T make ur schl greener,here's my advice.【高分句型一】First,turn ff lights and fans when leaving classrms.Secnd,reuse ntebks and recycle waste paper.Third,bring reusable water bttles instead f plastic nes.Finally,plant mre trees in schl gardens.(建议)
Small actins make big differences.【高分句型二】Let's wrk tgether fr a greener schl!(总结全文)
Thanks fr yur reading!
【高分句型一】
T make ur schl greener,here's my advice.为了让我们的学校更环保,这是我的建议。
不定式表目的。
【高分句型二】
Small actins make big differences.小小的行为产生很大的影响。
make big differences产生很大的影响。
能够根据提示进行书面表达,能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等,清楚连贯地表达自己的思想,进而完成写作任务。Index
(A-N)( R-Z)
art,21—23 religin
Beijing,52,67 Buddhism,78—81
Chinese calendar,18—19 Chinese flk,75—78
ecnmy,23—40 Taism,81—83
emperrs,Ming,16—20 silk,17,23
see als Hngwu and Yngle sciety
Frbidden City,11,67—68 custms,131—135
Grand Canal,60—63 jbs,121,145—-147
Great Wall,45—50 scial classes,53—57,120,131
Hngwu perid,33—51 trade,60,72,121,130
maps,55,148 warfare (战争)
Nanjing,52,67 civil war,167—169
paper mney,24 with Japan,174—180
philsphy,45—50 with Mnglia,180—183
Yngle perid,52—69
Zheng He,55,148—151
z,57
Emperr Yngle (Yng LAW) was ne f the mst pwerful emperrs (皇帝) in the Ming dynasty.He ruled fr 22 years and made many cultural advances.One f his achievements was the Frbidden City.
Abut the bk
It is abut Christpher Schacht's (1) arund 45 cuntries,which cvered 65,000 kilmeters.Its riginal versin (最初版本) is in German.
Abut the translatr
Janet Gesme is a translatr,musician and a mther f tw.
She understands Christper's intentins and has (2) expressed each idea in his vice in English.
Abut the bk translatin
The differences between readers
•The German Speaking readers are willing t read lnger text mre patiently.
•Schacht's shrt writing exactly (3) the habits f English-speaking readers,s Gesme culd translate the bk withut changing the style.
The challenges and jys
•Janet Gesme had t stay up late t translate the bk.She has (4) in translating Christpher's humr.
•The jys came frm the nline (5) with Christpher,which means they brainstrmed tgether.
Abut Gesme's tips
The way t pick up a new language
•Learn wrds with the (6) f apps and dictinaries befre yu travel.
•Learn while (7) during yur travel.
•Talk t peple and learn frm mistakes.
vlunteered fr ready such as cmfrtable set up
The earth needs ur prtectin.It's time fr us t g green at schl.
We want t hear yur vice:
※ What is the meaning f "ging green"?
※ What bad behavirs d yu see in ur schl?
※ What advice can yu give t make ur schl greener?
Best articles will be printed in Teens magazine.
Fr mre infrmatin,please visit http:
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