初中英语译林版（2024）八上Unit4 Hands-on fun（知识清单）（挖空版）

这是一份初中英语译林版（2024）八上Unit4 Hands-on fun（知识清单）（挖空版），共13页。
Unit 4 Hands-on fun 一、单元词汇二、知识点精讲知识点 1.When our job is complete, we'll see some lovely roses.（教材P49）当我们的工作完成时，我们将会看到一些美丽的玫瑰。【详解】•complete 此处为形容词，意为 “完成的；结束的”。例：The project will be complete next month.（这个项目下个月将完成。）•句型：when 引导时间状语从句，遵循 “主将从现” 原则（主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时）。例：When she ___________ , we will start the meeting.（她到了之后，我们就开始会议。）知识点 2.He loves to make or repair things around his house by himself. （教材P50）他喜欢自己动手制作或修理家里的东西。【详解】•love to do sth 意为 “喜欢做某事”（强调具体某次的动作）。例：She loves to swim in summer.（她喜欢在夏天游泳。）•by himself 意为 “独自；靠他自己”，by + 反身代词表示 “独自；亲自”。例：He finished the task ___________ .（他独自完成了任务。）•repair 动词，意为 “修理；修补”。例：My father is repairing the bike.（我爸爸正在修自行车。）知识点 3.However, he is not a born handyman! （教材P50）然而，他并非天生的巧手！【详解】•however 副词，意为 “然而；可是”，表转折，常置于句首，后接逗号。例：She is tired. However, she keeps working.（她很累，然而她还在坚持工作。）however 和but的区别在于，however放在句首时，后接___________ ；but放在句首时，不接逗号。Eg. She is tired, but she keeps working.•born 此处为形容词，意为 “天生的；生来的”。例：He is a born leader.（他是天生的领导者。）知识点 4.Once, he tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake, and his whole house had a power cut. （教材P50）有一次，他试图在卧室里装一盏更亮的灯，但他犯了个错，结果整栋房子都停电了。【详解】•once 副词，意为 “曾经；有一次”。例：Once, I met a famous actor in the street.（有一次，我在街上遇到了一位著名演员。）•try to do sth 意为 “努力做某事”。例：He tried to solve the math problem.（他试图解这道数学题。）•put in 短语动词，意为 “安装；插入”。例：We need to put in a new shower.（我们需要装一个新淋浴器。）•make a mistake 意为 “犯错”。例：Everyone ___________ mistakes sometimes.（每个人偶尔都会犯错。）•power cut 名词短语，意为 “停电”。例：We had a power cut last night, so we used candles.（昨晚停电了，所以我们用了蜡烛。）知识点 5.He didn't stop trying to fix things on his own.（教材P50）他没有停止尝试自己修理东西。【详解】•stop doing sth 意为 “停止做某事”（停止正在做的动作）。例：Please stop talking in class.（请停止在课堂上说话。）•stop to do sth 意为 “停下来去做某事”（停下正在做的动作，去做另一件事）。例：I'm hungry. Let's stop ___________ (have) dinner.我饿了。我们停下来去吃饭吧。•fix 动词，意为 “修理；安装”。例：Can you fix my watch?（你能修我的手表吗？）拓展：We need to fix a time for our next meeting.（我们得为下次会议确定一个时间。）It took me an hour to fix the computer problem.（我花了一个小时才解决电脑问题。）Let's fix the bookshelf to the wall so it won't fall.（咱们把书架固定在墙上，这样它就不会倒了。）•on one's own 意为 “独自；靠自己”，与 by oneself 近义。例：She lives on her own.（她独自生活。）知识点 6.Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course as well.（教材P50-51）相反，他买了很多关于 DIY 的书，还参加了一个在线 DIY 课程。【详解】•instead 副词，意为 “相反；反而”，表示与前文情况相反，常置于句首。例：He didn't go out; instead, he stayed at home.（他没出去，反而待在了家里。）I didn't feel like eating out, so I cooked dinner at home instead.（我不想出去吃，所以就在家做了晚饭。）拓展： instead of 而不是It was raining hard. We decided to watch TV at home instead of ___________ to the park.（雨下得很大。我们决定在家看电视，而不去公园了。）Instead of taking the bus, I rode my bike to school today to get some exercise.（今天我没有坐公交车，而是骑自行车去学校，以此来锻炼一下身体。）•as well 意为 “也；还”，常用于句末。例：I like coffee, and I like tea as well.（我喜欢咖啡，也喜欢茶。）知识点 7.I was surprised to know that he made it himself!（教材P51）得知那是他自己做的，我很惊讶！【详解】•be surprised to do sth 意为 “做某事很惊讶”，其中to do表示原因。例：I was surprised ___________ him here.（在这儿见到他，我很惊讶。）知识点 8.My cousin enjoys DIY, and now no DIY job seems impossible to him.（教材P51）我的表弟喜欢 DIY，现在对他来说，没有什么 DIY 工作是不可能的。【详解】•seem 系动词，意为 “似乎；好像”，后接形容词作表语。例：The task seems ___________ .（这项任务似乎很简单。）拓展：They seem to know each other.（他们似乎认识彼此。）It seems that he is late for class again.（似乎他又上课迟到了。）•impossible 形容词，意为 “不可能的”，其反义词是 possible；be impossible to sb 意为 “对某人来说不可能”。例：Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.（有志者事竟成。）知识点 9.Are you looking forward to my better work? （教材P53）你期待我更好的作品吗？【详解】•look forward to 意为 “期待；盼望”，to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词（doing）。例：We are looking forward to the holiday.（我们期待着假期。） He is looking forward to ___________ you.（他期待见到你。）•work在此处是名词，意味“作品”，是可数名词，常用复数。We read many ___________ by Lu Xun in Chinese class.（我们语文课上读了很多鲁迅的作品。）The artist's works ___________very popular.（这位艺术家的作品很受欢迎。）拓展：work vi. 起作用，管用Eg. We checked his idea in the experiment, and luckily, it worked?我们在实验中检验他的想法，而且幸运地是，他的想法管用！This method works. Let's try it again.（这个方法有效，我们再试一次吧。）知识点 10.What else can I do?（教材P54）我还能做些别的什么呢？【详解】•else 形容词，意为 “别的；其他的”，常置于疑问词（what, who, where 等）或不定代词（something, nothing 等）之后。例：___________ will come to the party?（还有谁会来参加派对？） Do you have ___________ to say?（你还有别的事情要说吗？）知识点 11.Make sure pieces of the same size are in the same group.（教材P54）确保相同尺寸的碎片放在同一组里。【详解】•make sure 意为 “确保；务必”，后接从句或 of 短语。例：Make sure you close the window before leaving.（离开前务必关好窗户。）Make sure ___________ the time.（确认一下时间。）知识点 12.Tie-dyeing is an old art with a history of over 1,500 years, and it became most popular in the Tang Dynasty. （教材P57）扎染是一门有着 1500 多年历史的古老艺术，它在唐朝最为流行。【详解】•with a history of 意为 “有着…… 的历史”，with 短语作定语修饰名词。例：This city is an old town with a history of 2000 years.（这座城市是有着 2000 年历史的古镇。）知识点 13.The tied part stays the same colour as before, but the rest has a different colour.（教材P57）扎起来的部分保持和原来一样的颜色，但其余部分则是不同的颜色。【详解】•tied 动词 tie 的过去分词，此处作定语，意为 “被扎起来的”。例：The tied package is on the table.（扎好的包裹在桌子上。）•stay the same 意为 “保持不变”，stay 为系动词，后接形容词作表语。例：The price stays the same this year.（今年价格保持不变。）•the rest 意为 “其余部分；剩余的人 / 物”，作主语时，谓语动词单复数由指代的内容决定。例：Some apples are bad, and the rest ___________ good.（一些苹果坏了，其余的是好的。）知识点 14.Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art but also a lifestyle. （教材P57）扎染不仅是一种艺术形式，也是一种生活方式。【详解】•句型：not only...but also... 意为 “不仅…… 而且……”，连接两个并列成分（此处连接表语），强调后者。例：She is not only a singer but also a dancer.（她不仅是歌手，还是舞者。）She not only sings well but also ___________ beautifully.（她不仅唱歌好，而且跳舞也很美。—— 连接谓语）拓展：谓语动词的就近原则Eg：1）Not only my brother but also I ___________ playing basketball.（不仅我哥哥，我也喜欢打篮球。—— 连接主语，谓语与 “I” 一致）2）Not only the students but also their teacher ___________(enjoy) this game.（不仅学生们，他们的老师也喜欢这个游戏。—— 连接主语，谓语与 “teacher” 一致）•a form of 意为 “一种…… 形式”。例：Storytelling is a form of communication.（讲故事是一种交流形式。）知识点 15.If you want to have fun making new things at home, why not try tie-dyeing? （教材P58）如果你想在家制作新东西找乐子，为什么不试试扎染呢？【详解】•have fun doing sth 意为 “做某事很开心；从做某事中获得乐趣”。例：Children have fun playing in the park.（孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。）•why not do sth 意为 “为什么不做某事呢”，用于提出建议，后接动词原形。例：Why not ___________ for a walk after dinner?（晚饭后为什么不出去散步呢？）知识点 16.I like making new things out of old ones.（教材P59）我喜欢用旧东西做新东西。【详解】•make...out of... 意为 “用…… 制作出……”。例：She made a beautiful bag out of old jeans.（她用旧牛仔裤做了一个漂亮的包。）•ones 代词，此处指代前文提到的 “things”，避免重复，复数形式。例：These books are better than ___________.（这些书比那些好。）三、语法点清单祈使句should 和 had better语音清单五、写作清单介绍实践经历1. 话题分析“动手实践的经历” 话题聚焦于学生亲身参与的手工制作、小发明、家务实践等活动 。日常还可涉及用易拉罐做笔筒、用彩纸折千纸鹤等 ，能展现学生的创造力、动手能力，以及在过程中的思考与收获。2. 写作内容•实践背景：说明实践活动的时间（when）、地点（where）、参与人员（who），比如 “Last Sunday, I stayed at home with my sister and did a DIY project.” 。•实践过程：详细写怎么做的，用 first、next、then、finally 等连接词。•实践成果与感受：描述成品样子，以及自己做完后的心情、收获，如 “The lantern looked beautiful. I felt proud because I made it by myself.” 。3. 写作要点•清晰的步骤：用连接词把实践步骤串起来，让读者明白 “先做什么、接着做什么”，逻辑要顺畅 。•细节描写：写清楚操作时的动作、用到的材料，比如 “I cut the wood into small pieces carefully with a pair of scissors.” ，让内容更生动 。•真实感受：把自己做过程中的心情、做完后的想法写出来，像 “When I failed to fold the paper right, I felt a bit upset. But when it succeeded, I was so excited!” ，让作文有情感 。4. 写作思路提示•开头：简洁引出实践活动，“One sunny afternoon, I decided to make a handmade card for my mom's birthday. It was a special DIY plan.” ，快速入题 。•中间：按步骤写过程，从准备材料（“First, I prepared colored paper, glue, and some shiny stickers.” ），到具体操作（“Next, I folded the paper into a heart shape. Then, I drew a lovely picture on it.” ），一步步展开 。•结尾：总结感受与收获，“This DIY card - making made me happy. I learned that doing things with hands can bring so much fun. And my mom loved the card!” ，升华主题 。5. 写作步骤详解•步骤一：确定主题与框架：先想清楚要写什么实践，比如 “用旧瓶子做花瓶” ，然后规划好开头说时间地点，中间写步骤，结尾写感受 。•步骤二：填充细节：写步骤时，把每个动作、用到的工具 / 材料细化，“I found an old glass bottle in the kitchen. First, I washed it carefully until it was clean. Then, I painted it blue with a brush.” ，让内容饱满 。•步骤三：润色语言：加入连接词让逻辑顺，用生动词汇描述，像把 “glue two buttons” 写成 “carefully glue two shiny buttons” ，让文字更鲜活 。•步骤四：检查完善：看看步骤是否清晰，有没有语法错误，感受是否真实，比如读一遍 “I use the bottle to make vase. It look nice.” ，改成 “I used the bottle to make a vase. It looked nice.” 。6. 词汇运用提示•形容成品 / 材料：cute（可爱的，如 “a cute handmade doll” ，用于描述手工玩偶等 ）、colorful（彩色的，“colorful threads” ，描述彩线、彩纸等材料 ）、shiny（闪亮的，“shiny stickers” ，形容贴纸、纽扣等 ）、neat（整洁的，“a neat DIY box” ，说手工盒子规整 ） 。•描述动作：choose（选择，“choose some materials” ，用于挑选实践材料 ）、cut（裁剪，“cut the paper” ，描述剪纸、裁剪布料等动作 ）、glue（粘贴，“glue two pieces together” ，表达粘贴操作 ）、fold（折叠，“fold the paper into a shape” ，说折纸、折叠材料 ）、paint（绘画，“paint the bottle” ，描述给物品涂色 ） 。•表达感受：proud（自豪的，“feel proud of the work” ，用来表达做完手工后的成就感 ）、satisfied（满意的，“be satisfied with the handmade gift” ，表达对成品的认可 ） 。7. 句型运用提示•用一般过去时描述经历：“Last weekend, I made a paper - plane by myself.” （用于讲已经完成的实践活动 ） 。•用 first/next/then/finally 串步骤：“First, prepare the materials. Next, cut the wood. Then, paint it. Finally, put it together.” （清晰呈现实践流程 ） 。•表达感受的句型：“I felt really proud because I finished the DIY project successfully.” （说明实践后的心情及原因 ） 。•描述物品用途 / 样子：“The handmade pen holder looks cute and can hold my pens well.” （介绍成品的外观和功能 ） 。8. 范例作文A DIY Bookmarks - Making ExperienceLast Saturday morning, I had a DIY activity at home. I wanted to make some special bookmarks for my favorite books.First, I chose different colors of cardboard. They were thick and good for making bookmarks. Next, I used scissors to cut the cardboard into long rectangles. Then, I drew cute pictures on them, like little cats and colorful flowers. After drawing, I colored the pictures carefully. Finally, I used a hole - punch to make a small hole at the top of each bookmark and tied a pretty ribbon through it.When I finished, the bookmarks looked really nice. I felt so happy because they were all made by myself. From this DIY experience, I learned that as long as I'm patient, I can create lovely things with my hands.一段手工书签制作经历上周六早上，我在家做了一次手工。我想给我最喜欢的书做一些特别的书签。首先，我选了不同颜色的硬纸板。这些硬纸板很厚，很适合做书签。接下来，我用剪刀把硬纸板剪成了长长的长方形。然后，我在上面画了一些可爱的图案，比如小猫和五颜六色的花朵。画完之后，我仔细地给图案涂上了颜色。最后，我用打孔器在每个书签的顶部打了一个小孔，再穿过一根漂亮的丝带系好。做好之后，这些书签看起来真的很漂亮。我特别开心，因为它们都是我亲手做的。从这次手工体验中，我明白了只要有耐心，就能用自己的双手创造出可爱的东西。9. 实战演练（24-25八年级上·江苏常州·期中）“劳心筑梦技飞扬，动手实践智闪光”。少年宫劳技活动后，学生会计划创办一个DIY社团，现需招募一位社长，延续对劳动的热爱，分享实践中的智慧。假如你是八年级学生Millie，你想申请担任DIY社团社长，请你根据海报内容，用英语给学生会主席写一封申请信。注意：1.内容涵盖所有要点，可适当发挥。2.词数100左右(已给出的文章开头，不计入总词数)。3.文中不得出现提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如人名、班级等。Dear Chairperson,I would like to be the president of the DIY Club.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Look forward to hearing from you soon.Yours,Millie单词1.____________ /'mu:nkeɪk/ n. 月饼2.____________ /ʃelf/ n. (pl. shelves) 架子3.____________ /rəuz/ n. 玫瑰（花）4.____________ /teɪp/ n. 胶带；vt. 用胶带粘贴5.____________ /glu:/ n. 胶，胶水；vt. （用胶水）黏合，粘贴6.____________ /kəm'pli:t/ adj. 完成的，结束的；全部的；v. 完成，结束7.____________ /ˌdiː aɪ ˈwaɪ/ n. (=do it yourself) 自己动手8.____________ /'kreɪzi/ adj. 狂热的；迷恋的9.____________ /bɔːn/ adj. 天生的10.____________ /mɪ'steɪk/ n. 错误11.____________ /ʌn'lʌki/ adj. 不幸的，不顺利的12.____________ /ɪn'sted/ adv. 反而13.____________ /kɔːs/ n. 课程14.____________ /mes/ n. 杂乱，不整洁15.____________ /læmp/ n. 灯16.____________ /sə'praɪzd/ adj. 惊奇的，感到意外的17.____________ /ɪm'pɒsəbl/ adj. 不可能的18.____________ /'nɪəli/ adv. 几乎，差不多，将近19.____________ /peɪnt/ n. 油漆；绘画颜料20.____________ /kæn/ n. 金属容器，塑料容器21.____________ /'evriweə(r)/ adv.&pron. 到处22.____________ /tʃɔːk/ n. 粉笔23.____________ /mɑːk/ n. 标记；分数24.____________ /brʌʃ/ n. 刷子；画笔25.____________ /ɪn'strʌkʃnz/ n. [pl.] 用法说明26.____________ /'deɪndʒərəs/ adj. 危险的27.____________ /'juːʒuəl/ adj. 通常的，寻常的28.____________ /'meθəd/ n. 方法29.____________ /taɪ/ vt. （用线、绳等）系，拴，捆30.____________ /ʌn'taɪ/ vt. 解开31.____________ /'prɒdʌkt/ n. 产品32.____________ /draɪ/ vi. & vt. （使）变干；（把…）弄干33.____________ /rɪ'djuːs/ vt.&vi. 减少34.____________ /weɪst/ n. 浪费；废料35.____________ /dʒɔɪ/ n. 乐趣；高兴36.____________ /glʌv/ n. 手套短语1.______________ 热衷于2.______________ 使… 充满3.______________ 乱七八糟4.______________ 引起某人注意5.______________ 不仅… 而且…句型1.When our job is complete, we’ll see some lovely roses.当我们的工作完成时，我们会看到一些漂亮的玫瑰。2.He loves to make or repair things around his house by himself.他喜欢自己制作或修理家里的东西。3.However, he is not a born handyman!然而，他并不是天生的巧手！4.Once, he tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake, and his whole house had a power cut.有一次，他试图在卧室里装一盏更亮的灯，却犯了个错，结果整个房子都停电了。5.He didn’t stop trying to fix things on his own.他没有停止尝试自己修理东西。6.Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course as well.相反，他买了很多关于 DIY 的书，还参加了一个在线 DIY 课程。7.I was surprised to know that he made it himself!得知那是他自己做的，我很惊讶！8.My cousin enjoys DIY, and now no DIY job seems impossible to him.我的表弟喜欢 DIY，现在对他来说，没有什么 DIY 工作是不可能完成的。9.Are you looking forward to my better work?你期待我更好的作品吗？10.What else can I do?我还能做些什么呢？11.Make sure pieces of the same size are in the same group.确保相同大小的碎片放在同一组。12.Tie-dyeing is an old art with a history of over 1,500 years, and it became most popular in the Tang Dynasty.扎染是一门有 1500 多年历史的古老艺术，在唐朝最为流行。13.The tied part stays the same colour as before, but the rest has a different colour.绑着的部分保持原来的颜色，但其余部分则是不同的颜色。14.Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art but also a lifestyle.扎染不仅是一种艺术形式，也是一种生活方式。15.If you want to have fun making new things at home, why not try tie-dyeing?如果你想在家享受制作新东西的乐趣，为什么不试试扎染呢？16.I like making new things out of old ones.我喜欢用旧东西做新东西。语法祈使句, should, had better语音前缀 un-、in- 和 im-用法分类结构形式例句说明肯定形式___________ + 其他Clean the desk before the DIY class.Be careful!表示命令、要求，可加 please 使语气委婉否定形式___________ + 其他Don't clean the desk before the DIY class.Don't be nervous!表示禁止或劝阻，在动词原形前加 don'tLet 开头（表建议）Let sb.+ ___________ + 其他Let me see.Let's make a paper rose together.let's 用于提出共同做某事的建议，let's 是 let us 的缩写用法分类结构形式例句说明should 肯定形式主语 + should + ___________ + 其他He should read the instructions before DIY.表示建议，语气较委婉，无人称和数的变化should 否定形式主语 + ___________ + 动词原形 + 其他He shouldn't make a mess in the classroom.在 should 后加 not，缩写为 shouldn'thad better 肯定形式主语 + had better（'d better） + ___________ + 其他She had better prepare tools for the DIY class.表示建议，语气比 should 强，had 常缩写为 'dhad better 否定形式主语 +___________ + 动词原形 + 其他She'd better not start the project alone.在 had better 后加 not，无缩写形式原形容词（Adjective）前缀（Prefix）新形容词（Adjective）luckyun_________________correctin_________________possibleim_________________usualun_________________completein_________________politeim_________________YOU WANTEDDo you like making anything new by yourself? Do you want to improve yourself?We are looking for a president (社长) to help set up the DIY Club. If you are interested, come and have a try. Please e-mail us at DIY Club@qq.com.Be sure to include: What are you like? Why do you want to be the president? What DIY job did you do? What's your future plan for the DIY Club?