所属成套资源:【备考2026】2026年高考英语一轮复习备考系列(全国通用)
第01讲 语法填空——有提示词的填空(复习课件)(全国通用)-2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测
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这是一份第01讲 语法填空——有提示词的填空(复习课件)(全国通用)-2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测,共28页。PPT课件主要包含了考情解码·命题预警,体系构建·思维可视,核心突破·靶向攻坚,确定作谓语,考点一 ,确定时态,确定语态,知识点3 主谓一致,确定“主谓一致”,考查时态和主谓一致等内容,欢迎下载使用。
知识点1 动词的时态
提示词是动词—考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致
分析句子结构,若句中无谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但空处所填词与之是并列关系时,空处就用谓语动词。若填谓语动词,就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致(1)根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态;(2)根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系以确定语态;(3)根据人称和数,确保主谓一致。
1.根据具体的时间状语:常见的时态的时间状语标志词
2.根据具并列关系: 考查动词时态的题目有时可以根据句子或谓语动词之间的平行关系词“and, but, r, rather than, neither... nr..., nt nly... but als...”等前后的谓语动词的时态必须一致来确定时态。
3.根据常用句式定时态:(1)was/were ding... when...+一般过去时(2)was/were abut t d... when...+一般过去时(3)it is the+序数词+time+that...+现在完成时(4)it was the+序数词+time+that...+过去完成时(5)N sner had+主语+dne... than+一般过去时(6)Hardly/Scarcely had+主语+dne... when+一般过去时(7)It will be+时间段+befre+一般现在时
4.根据语境暗示: 没有标志性的时间状语,且其他参照物都不明显的情况下,通过正确理解语境暗示解题,也是解决时态问题尤其是易错题的重要方法。
知识点2 动词的语态
1.根据逻辑辨别主动或被动关系:(1)分析句子结构,发现提示词作谓语,若与主语之间是主动关系,应考虑用主动语态;若是被动关系则考虑用被动语态。 (2)被动语态的基本形式为:be+过去分词。 (3)运用上面的技法来判断是什么时态的被动语态,再根据主谓一致判断be动词的形式。
2.主动表被动:(1)当feel,lk,smell,taste,sund等后面接形容词时; (2)当read,sell,wear,write,wash等作不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时;
考向1 考查有明确时间状语的动词时态
【典例】(2025年1月浙江高考)The cncept 62 (be) certainly nt new — men have been renting gd suits fr decades — but fr female shppers, it is just taking ff. This clthing-as-service mdel fllws the brader scietal mvement twards shared ecnmies.
【变式训练·变载体】(2024浙江1月卷)Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets __________________ (start) selling chicken r salad in packs designed with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份).
have started
【环境保护】(2025·浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三下学期二模)Since 2024, Xinjiang 64 (take) targeted and scientific measures t clse this gap. Alngside the green belt, effrts have been made t prmte the develpment f sand industries t benefit lcal residents.
考向2 考查固定句型中的时态
【典例】(2022·新课标II卷)Henry ______________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny.
【变式训练·变载体】(2025·陕西省高三月考)Lily is missing her parents since it is the first time that she ______________ (be) away frm hme fr such a lng time.
考向3 考查利用平行关系解决时态问题
【典例】(2021·浙江卷)After Lincln was elected President f the US in 1861, they rented the huse and _________ (sell) mst f their furniture.
【变式训练·变载体】(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny. He quickly _______(thrw) his tls aside, and started running, arms ut.
考向4 考查利用语境解决时态问题
【典例】(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse 60 (walk) visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr the first time.
考向5 考查动词的语态
【典例】(2021·浙江1月卷)It is calculated by dividing a persn’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI f between 19 and 25 _________ (cnsider) healthy.
is cnsidered
考向6 考查主谓一致
【典例】(2025·浙江省金丽衢十二校高三二模)As we welcme the Year f the Snake in the Chinese lunar calendar, it is a time t reflect n the qualities that this ancient zdiac sign embdies. The Snake, the sixth animal in the 12-year cycle f the Chinese zdiac, 36 (assciate) with wisdm, intuitin, and transfrmatin ver histry.
has been assciated
知识点1 非谓语动词作状语
提示词是动词—考查非谓语动词
1.寻找线索(1)挖空句有谓语动词,通常用逗号把状语与主干分隔开。(2)我们需要认真分析句子结构,明确句子成分,先甄别出句子的主干,再确定用哪种形式作状语。
2.解题指导(1)找句子主干:认真阅读挖空的句子,找出句子的主语、谓语(和宾语),从而正确理解句意。(2)确定谓语动词和非谓语动词:分析所给的提示词与主语和谓语动词之间的关系。(3)确定填哪种非谓语动词形式:①主语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系:表目的,用t d; 表出乎意料的结果,用nly t d; 表时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、自然而然的结果,用ding。②主语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系:表动作还未发生,用t be dne; 表动作已经发生,用dne。
知识点2 非谓语动词作定语
1.寻找线索(1)空格可在名词或代词之前,也可在名词或代词之后,对该名词或代词起修饰或限定作用。(2)如果有逗号隔开,放在名词或代词之后,通常对该名词进行补充说明,其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。
2.解题指导(1)如果名词中心词是该动作的发出者,通常用现在分词(短语)作定语。(2)如果名词中心词是该动作的承受者,通常用过去分词(短语)作定语。(3)如果表示未发生的动作,且名词中心词是该动作的承受者,通常用动词不定式作定语。
知识点3 非谓语动词作表语
1.寻找线索非谓语动词作表语包括现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式三种。空格通常在系动词 be, becme, get, seem, appear, lk, turn等之后,描述主语的特点或状态。
2.解题指导(1)主语是表示人的名词或代词,通常用过去分词作表语,表示主语的心情和感受。(2)主语是表示事物的名词或代词,通常用现在分词作表语,表示事物的特点。(3)动词不定式作表语通常表示未发生的动作。
知识点4 非谓语动词作宾语
1.寻找线索动词不定式和动名词都可以充当宾语。牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构:(1)介词(如by, fr, f, with, withut, after等)之后加动名词作宾语,注意t的身份识别。(2)只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语:advise, admit, allw, avid, appreciate, ban, delay, deny; be accustmed t, be devted t, lead t, bject t等。(3)在下列动词之后,常接不定式作宾语:decide, demand, ffer, hpe, prmise, agree, plan, manage, refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。
2.解题指导(1)仔细观察挖空的句子。(2)找出(句子的)谓语动词。(3)确定填动名词还是动词不定式。
知识点5 非谓语动词作主语
1.寻找线索主语是谓语陈述的对象,通常位于句首。动名词(ding)和动词不定式(t d)都可以充当主语。2.解题指导(1)句中缺少主语,找到句子的谓语部分,确定应用ding还是t d作主语。(2)表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作用ding,表具体某一次的动作用t d。(3)掌握用动名词或不定式作主语的句型:①It's +adj.(hard/difficult/easy/pssible/kind等)(+fr/f sb)+t d sth②It's n use/n gd/n fun/a pleasure/n pleasure/a waste f time ding sth ③It takes sb+sme time/mney+t d sth
知识点6 非谓语动词作补足语
1.寻找线索动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词都可充当宾语补足语。(1)不定式作宾补:allw, ask, beg, cmmand, encurage, expect, frbid, invite, persuade, tell等+sb t d sth。(2)have sb/sth ding “让某人/某物一直做”; have sb/sth dne “使某人/某物被……”。(3)with复合结构①with+宾语+t d,表示动作还未发生;②with+宾语+ding,表示主动、动作正在进行;③with+宾语+dne,表示被动、动作已完成。
2.解题指导(1)动词不定式作宾语补足语,通常表示一个宾语发出的动作。在一些结构中必须用动词不定式作宾语补足语。(2)现在分词作宾语补足语,宾语是动作的发出者,表示一个正在进行的、主动的动作。(3)过去分词作宾语补足语,宾语是动作的承受者,表示一个完成的、被动的动作。
考向1 考查非谓语动词作状语
【典例】(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made f glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals pen n warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
考查非谓语动词作目的状语
非谓语动词作状语1.找句子主干:认真阅读挖空的句子,找出句子的主语、谓语(和宾语),从而正确理解句意。2.确定谓语动词和非谓语动词:分析所给的提示词与主语和谓语动词之间的关系。3.确定填哪种非谓语动词形式:①主语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系:表目的,用t d; 表出乎意料的结果,用nly t d; 表时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、自然而然的结果,用ding。②主语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系:表动作还未发生,用t be dne; 表动作已经发生,用dne。
考向2 考查非谓语动词作定语
【典例】(2025年1月·浙江卷)Tanya’s shp ffers fashin clthes fr wmen 60 (rent) rather than purchase them utright, prviding a less expensive slutin t ne-time event dressing.
不定式作定语①常接不定式作定语的词有:chance,pprtunity,ability,decisin,right(权利),不定代词等。1)The ability t express an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself.2)Tday I have nthing/smething t say at the cnference.②不定式作定语,修饰序数词等She was the first/secnd/third/tenth (student) t cme t schl tday.
过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语只有一个词时,通常放在被修饰的名词前面(但也有例外),是一个短语作定语时,就放在被修饰的名词之后。过去分词作定语时,被修饰的名词与过去分词之间是被动关系。2. 以下过去分词作定语只表示完成,不表示被动:a fallen tree/leaf:倒下的树/落叶the risen sun/mn:升起了的太阳/月亮a faded rse:凋谢的玫瑰花a retired wrker: 退休工人an escaped prisner:逃犯a returned student: 归国留学生
考向3 考查非谓语动词作宾补
【典例】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
不定式作宾语补足语①常接不定式作宾补的动词有:ask/beg/require/request/tell/advise/allw/permit/cause/encurage/expect/wish/frce/blige/invite/need/rder/persuade/remind/teach/urge/want/get/like/hate/warn/help/prefer sb t d……:例:Miss Jansn persuaded the by nt t smke any mre.②在feel, hear, listen t, lk at, see, watch, ntice, let, make, have等动词在主动语态时,后面作宾语补足语接的动词前不能加t; 但以上动词如为被动语态,后面接的动词前要加t。1)Paul desn’t have t be made t learn. He always wrks hard. 2)The teacher is ften listened t t sing the English sng at hme.
考向4 考查非谓语动词作宾语
【典例】(2025年1月·浙江卷)“I really want t make this wrk fr peple’s lives tday, and I knw that desn’t always mean 65 (return) a dress n the Mnday after a special weekend,” she says.
不定式作宾语1.常接不定式作宾语的词:like/lve/want/wish/hpe/expect/desire/hate/prefer/cntinue/manage/try/ask/beg/demand/affrd/ffer/fail/start/begin/frget/remember/prmise/mean/intend/attempt/decide/determine/learn/agree/chse/pretend/arrange t d…: 2.it作形式宾语代不定式: find/think/cnsider/feel/make it + 形/名 + t 不定式: 发现/认为/使得做…是…We find it necessary t master German and French.
考向5 考查非谓语动词作主语和表语
【典例】(2021·英语全国甲卷)It is pssible ___________ (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
不定式作主语1.不定式作主语:动词用单数。T d mrning exercises is useful fr ur health. 2.表示具体的某次动作,特别是将来发生的动作,多用不定式作主语。表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时,多用ding作主语。3.在下列两个句型中it是形式主语,不定式是真正主语;f sb和fr sb是不定式的逻辑主语:A. It is/was + 形容词(f sb)t d sth.【赞扬,责备的形容词通常用f sb作逻辑主语:wrng, right, kind, nice, brave, careful, careless, greedy, hnest, lazy, mdest, selfish, thughtful, implite, plite, clever, flish, silly, stupid, cruel, rude, generus,cnsiderate…】B. It is/was + 形容词(fr sb)t d sth.【以下形容词通常用fr sb作逻辑主语:easy, hard, difficult, imprtant, necessary, impssible, pssible, safe, dangerus, unusual, wnderful…。多数情况都用fr sb作逻辑主语。】1)It is plite (f yu) t respect the ld.2)It is imprtant (fr us) t d as the Rmans d.
【例1】(2023全国甲卷)Carsn prves that a simple lyric frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still ______________ (emply) tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
【例2】(2024全国甲卷)They 64 (be) part f a 15-member explring party that had spent almst five awesme weeks in witness f the natural beauties there.
【例3】(2023全国甲卷)“There was nce a twn in the heart f America, where all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with is surrundings,” her fable begins, (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
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