第20讲 七选五导学案（教师版）-新高二英语暑假衔接（人教版）

这是一份第20讲 七选五导学案（教师版）-新高二英语暑假衔接（人教版），共18页。
1．了解七选五的解题方法与技巧。
2．进行七选五真题训练。
七选五试题给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。七选五和传统题型完型填空有些类似，虽然完型填空题考查的是词汇层面，七选五考查的是句子层面，但是它们的考查方式是一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共同之处。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。
从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。
解题技巧：
1.通过设题位置判断
（1）段首设空一般找能概括该段中心意思的选项。
（2）段尾设空一般找能总结归纳该段的选项。
段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：
2.通过标点符号判断
当设空处后为逗号且逗号后面的句子结构完整时，可判断该空应为状语从句。
3.根据语境线索判断
语境线索主要指反映上下文关系的衔接手段，如篇章结构、词语重现、逻辑、连接、指代、同构等。
（1）“词语重现”不仅指词语的简单出现，而且指某词语可能以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现。 
（2）“逻辑”指事物之间存在的必然的关系，包括时间先后关系、空间位置关系、因果关系、归纳总结关系、总分关系等。 
（3）“指代”是指用代词代替前文提到过的人物、事件、物品等，如 it，he，she，they等。 
（4）“同构”是指上下文使用同一结构或类似的句子。
（2023春·广东湛江·高二统考阶段练习）Many peple imagine that shade in a garden is a prblem. But I believe with the right attitude, inspiratin, and ideas, even the shadiest garden can becme a beautiful and abundant space. Here are my tips:
Grwing fd in shade
____1____. If, hwever, yur garden is mre deeply shaded, yu may struggle t grw traditinal vegetables. But this des nt mean that yu cannt grw fd at all. In fact, there are mre eatable plants that grw well in shade than yu might imagine.
____2____
Nt all shade areas are the same. And it is imprtant t understand the level and type f shade that yu are dealing with t make the right chices in yur garden.
A shade garden can have a range f advantages. It may be much cler. And it may feel mre private and peaceful than a very pen space.____3____.
Making shade garden beautiful
As well as grwing fd in a shade garden, yu can als make it a beautiful space, which can attract a wide range f beneficial wildlife thrughut the year.____4____. And try t chse a range f flwering plants t attract pllinatrs and beneficial insects thrughut the year, and t prvide visual appeal ver as much f the year as pssible.
____5____. But by creating the right layut and chsing the right plants, shade can becme an pprtunity, rather than a disadvantage.
A．Understanding shade
B．Chsing different shades
C．Fd grwn in the shade tastes equally delicius
D．Designing a shade garden des require sme careful thught
E．Yu just have t select plants f varius clrs, shapes and frms
F．In light shade, yu are still able t grw a range f cmmn vegetable crps
G．Trees r ther structures which cast shade can ffer sme privacy in yur garden
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．G 4．E 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了合理利用花园树荫种植的几条建议。
1．根据下文“If, hwever, yur garden is mre deeply shaded, yu may struggle t grw traditinal vegetables.(然而，如果树荫深，可能很难种植传统蔬菜)”可知，该空和种植蔬菜有关，并与空后树荫深形成转折。F项“在树荫较浅处，你仍然可以种植一系列常见的蔬菜作物”符合题意，深色、浅色树荫进行对比并提到关键词vegetables“蔬菜”。故F项正确。
2．本空为该段小标题。根据下文“And it is imprtant t understand the level and type f shade that yu are dealing with t make the right chices in yur garden.(了解你树荫的等级和类型，对于做出正确的选择是很重要的)”可知，该空需要和了解树荫相关。A项“了解树荫”符合段意。故A项正确。
3．根据上文“A shade garden can have a range f advantages. It may be much cler. And it may feel mre private and peaceful than a very pen space.(树荫花园有很多好处。可能会凉快得多。它可能会比一个非常开放的空间更私密、更宁静)”可知，该空与树荫花园的优点有关。G项“树木或其他能遮荫的建筑可以为你的花园提供一些隐私”符合题意。G项正确。
4．根据下文“And try t chse a range f flwering plants t attract pllinatrs and beneficial insects thrughut the year, and t prvide visual appeal ver as much f the year as pssible.(并尽量选择一系列开花植物，以吸引全年的传粉者和益虫，并在一年中尽可能多地提供视觉吸引力)”可知，该空和美化花园的选择有关。E项“你只需要选择各种颜色、形状和形状的植物”符合句意。故E项正确。
5．根据下文“But by creating the right layut and chsing the right plants, shade can becme an pprtunity, rather than a disadvantage.(但是，通过合理布局和选择正确的植物，树荫也可以成为优势)”可知，该空应填与“设计花园”有关，并且强调需要合理布局和植物选择。D项“设计遮荫花园确实需要一些仔细的思考”符合题意。故D项正确。
（2023春·辽宁·高二校联考期中）Everyne wants an everlasting relatinship but there are nly a handful f peple that are willing t put in the wrk fr it. ____6____ Let’s discuss hw yu can strengthen it!
Tday, yu will see a lt f marriages and relatinships being ended, why is that? Peple wh used t lve each ther s deeply have nw cut ff all srts f cmmunicatin and even blcked each ther frm anywhere. ____7____ N ne deserves t g thrugh this srt f agny which is why we must enhance ur cmmunicatin skills in any kind f relatinship.
In any kind f relatinship, it takes a while t build and prmte trust, that much is natural. ____8____ It is true that trust cannt be built in a day which is why we must strive fr it. We have t be fully hnest and pen with each ther s that we will be able t fully trust each ther. Learn t cnfide in yur partner and make them trust yu.
Every relatinship may cntain lve and care but there is rarely any respect fr each ther, and this leads t a fallut between the partners. It is imperative that we cmmunicate with each ther abut ur needs and wants, this will make us respect ne anther. Seemingly, there culd be ne thing that isn’t rude r disrespectful but will be very hurtful t the ther persn. ____9____ This will nurish yur relatinship.
____10____ Hwever, nce yu are in a relatinship with smene, yu have t rely n them. Relying upn and supprting each ther is a vital part f any relatinship. Partners culd air their minds, share their cncerns and emtins withut any kind f fear.
Cmmunicate abut everything with yur partner, and see hw things get better.
A．It increases the respect fr each ther.
B．We knw that being independent and strng is great.
C．Cmmunicatin is the key t a lng-lasting relatinship.
D．N cmmunicatin leads t n relatinship and vice verse.
E．Cmmunicate with each ther but als respect the feelings f the ther persn.
F．All f this results in excruciating (折磨人的) pain that even exceeds physical pain.
G．Hwever, trust cannt be built between tw partners if there is a lack f effective cmmunicatin.
【答案】6．C 7．F 8．G 9．E 10．B
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何运用沟通与其他人建立一段持久的关系。
6．根据上文“Everyne wants an everlasting relatinship but there are nly a handful f peple that are willing t put in the wrk fr it. (每个人都想要一段永恒的关系，但只有少数人愿意为此付出努力)”可知，上文告诉我们每个人都想要一段永恒的关系，并结合下文介绍沟通的重要性可知，想要建立一段永恒的关系沟通是关键。C项意为“沟通是建立持久关系的关键。”符合题意。故选C。
7．根据上文“Peple wh used t lve each ther s deeply have nw cut ff all srts f cmmunicatin and even blcked each ther frm anywhere. (曾经深爱着对方的人现在已经切断了各种沟通，甚至在任何地方都屏蔽了对方)”可知，上文告诉我们曾经深爱着对方的人现在却断绝了联系，F项意为“所有这些都会导致极度疼痛，甚至超过身体疼痛”选项能够承接上文，曾经深爱着对方的人现在却断绝了联系，这会导致极度疼痛，甚至超过身体疼痛。故选F。
8．根据上文“In any kind f relatinship, it takes a while t build and prmte trust, that much is natural. (在任何一种关系中，建立和促进信任都需要一段时间，这是很自然的)”可知，上文告诉我们建立和促进信任需要一段时间，G项意为“然而，如果缺乏有效的沟通，就无法在两个伙伴之间建立信任”选项与上文构成转折关系，建立和促进信任需要一段时间，但如果缺乏有效的沟通，就很难建立信任。故选G。
9．根据上文“It is imperative that we cmmunicate with each ther abut ur needs and wants, this will make us respect ne anther. Seemingly, there culd be ne thing that isn’t rude r disrespectful but will be very hurtful t the ther persn. (我们必须相互沟通我们的需求和愿望，这将使我们相互尊重。看起来，可能有一件事既不粗鲁也不无礼，但会对另一个人造成很大伤害)”可知，上文告诉我们相互尊重在建立一段持久关系上很重要，E项意为“相互沟通，但也要尊重对方的感受”选项能够承接上文，进一步强调了尊重对方的重要性。故选E。
10．根据下文“Hwever, nce yu are in a relatinship with smene, yu have t rely n them. (然而，一旦你和某人建立了关系，你就必须依赖他们)”可知，下文告诉我们一旦你和某人建立了关系，你就必须依赖他们，B项意为“我们知道独立和强大是很重要的”选项与下文构成转折关系，虽然独立和强大是很重要的，但如果你和某人建立了关系，你就要学会依赖他们。故选B。
（2023春·浙江宁波·高二效实中学校考期中）Tears can ruin make-up, bring cnversatin t a stp, and give yu a runny nse. ____11____Hwever, crying is a fact f life, and tears are very useful. Even when yu’re nt crying, yur eyes prduce tears. These create a film (薄膜) ver the eye’s surface. This film cntains a substance that prtects yur eyes against infectin.
Tears reduce stress, but we tend t fight them fr all srts f reasns. “____12____ They’re afraid that nce they lse cntrl, they’ll never get it back,” explains psychlgist Drthy Rwe.
Almst any emtin—gd r bad, happy r sad—can cause tears. ____13____ Tears help yu when yu feel yu are ready t explde because f very strng feelings. It may explain why peple wh are afraid t cry ften suffer mre heart attacks than peple wh cry mre freely.
When sme peple becme very stressed, hwever, they can’t cry. They may be feeling shck, anger, fear r grief, but they cntrl the emtin. “Everyne has the need t cry,” says psychtherapist (精神治疗医师) Vera Diamnd. ____14____ They practice crying s that they can get used t expressing emtin.
____15____ It’s gd t hld back tears during a tense business discussin. “But nce yu are safely behind clsed drs, dn’t just cry,” Diamnd says. She suggests that yu act ut the whle situatin again and be as nisy and angry as yu like. It will help yu feel better. “And,” she adds, “nce yur tears have released the stress, yu can begin t think f lgical ways t deal with the prblem.”
Tears are a sign f ur ability t feel. Yu shuld never be afraid t cry.
A．Peple wrry abut shwing their emtins.
B．The mre yu cry, the healthier yu will becme.
C．Crying is a way that we release built-up emtins.
D．Smetimes patients participate in crying exercises.
E．They can leave yu embarrassed and withut energy.
F．In certain situatin, such as at wrk, tears are nt apprpriate.
G．Many peple get uncmfrtable when thers cry in frnt f them.
【答案】11．E 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了流泪的好处。
11．根据上文“Tears can ruin make-up, bring cnversatin t a stp, and give yu a runny nse.(眼泪会破坏化妆，让谈话停止，让你流鼻涕)”可知，本句继续说明眼泪带给人的负面影响，E选项They指代Tears。故E选项“它们会让你感到尴尬，没有活力”符合语境，故选E。
12．根据后文“They’re afraid that nce they lse cntrl, they’ll never get it back(他们害怕一旦失去控制，就再也回不来了)”可知，本句主要是在说明人们因为担心表达自己的情绪，克制不哭的情况。故A选项“人们担心表达自己的情绪”符合语境，故选A。
13．根据上文“Almst any emtin—gd r bad, happy r sad—can cause tears.(几乎任何情绪——好或坏，快乐或悲伤——都会让人流泪)”以及后文“Tears help yu when yu feel yu are ready t explde because f very strng feelings. It may explain why peple wh are afraid t cry ften suffer mre heart attacks than peple wh cry mre freely.(当你因为非常强烈的感情而感到自己快要爆发时，眼泪会帮助你。这也许可以解释为什么害怕哭泣的人比那些自由哭泣的人更容易患心脏病)”可知，后文提到害怕哭泣的人比那些自由哭泣的人更容易患心脏病，以及眼泪会帮助你释放情绪，故C选项“哭泣是我们释放累积情绪的一种方式”符合语境，故选C。
14．根据后文“They practice crying s that they can get used t expressing emtin.(他们练习哭泣，这样他们就能习惯表达情感)”可知，本句是在说明后文的They指代的是谁， 结合上文提到了精神治疗医师，可知是病人，故D选项“有时病人会参加哭泣练习”符合语境，故选D。
15．根据后文“It’s gd t hld back tears during a tense business discussin. “But nce yu are safely behind clsed drs, dn’t just cry,” Diamnd says. She suggests that yu act ut the whle situatin again and be as nisy and angry as yu like. It will help yu feel better. “And,” she adds, “nce yur tears have released the stress, yu can begin t think f lgical ways t deal with the prblem.”(在紧张的商务讨论中忍住眼泪是件好事。戴蒙德说：“但一旦你安全地关起门来，不要只是哭。”她建议你把整个情况再演一遍，随心所欲地吵闹和生气。这会让你感觉好一些。“而且，”她补充说，“一旦你的眼泪释放了压力，你就可以开始思考合理的方法来处理这个问题。”)”可知，后文提到在紧张的商务讨论中忍住眼泪是件好事，说明在工作中，流泪是不合适的。故F选项“在某些情况下，比如在工作中，流泪是不合适的”符合语境，故选F。
（2023春·辽宁鞍山·高二鞍山一中校考期中）I lve travelling. One f my fndest memries f travel is when I spent a few days backpacking in Bucharest, Rmania. An unexpected act f kindness frm a stranger truly made me feel mved. _____16_____
The first day I arrived in Bucharest I had t take the bus frm the train statin t my accmmdatin. I barded the bus and fund ut that nne f my cards wrked and I wasn’t able t buy a ticket. _____17_____ Althugh I explained that it wasn’t my intentin and I had just arrived frm Brasv, they still didn’t believe me and fined me fr nt having a ticket.
After ding sme research nline, I fund that mst buses in Bucharest d nt accept cash r any frm f payment nbard. Yu have t purchase a card at certain places in the city, tp it up with mney, and then pay nbard. _____18_____ Yu can use wireless pay t purchase a ticket. I was delighted after finding ut such gd news as I did nt want anther fine.
_____19_____ After I gt n the bus, I fund the ticket machine t be the same as the ne I had met with n my first day in Bucharest. I tried in vain every methd, including wireless pay, Apple Pay and cash. _____20_____ At that mment, a kind middle-aged man standing next t me handed me a card. I understd that it was a card fr the bus. The man paid fr my bus ride.
A．I started t panic.
B．Few things seemed t wrk.
C．It is still vivid in my mind nw.
D．One place I will never frget is Rmania.
E．Wrse still, I was stpped by plicemen n the bus.
F．Hwever, the buses cnnecting t the airprts are mre mdern.
G．Fast frward t my last day, I planned t take the bus t Bucharest Airprt.
【答案】16．C 17．E 18．F 19．G 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了在罗马尼亚的布加勒斯特的背包旅行，一个陌生人出乎意料地帮助了无法支付公共汽车车费的作者，这个善举令作者非常感动。
16．根据前文“One f my fndest memries f travel is when I spent a few days backpacking in Bucharest, Rmania. An unexpected act f kindness frm a stranger truly made me feel mved.（我最美好的旅行回忆之一是我在罗马尼亚的布加勒斯特背包旅行了几天。一个陌生人出乎意料的善举真的让我感动。）”和下一段中“The first day I arrived in Bucharest I had t take the bus frm the train statin t my accmmdatin.（到达布加勒斯特的第一天，我必须从火车站乘公共汽车到我的住处。）”可知，前文在说明罗马尼亚的布加勒斯特之旅令作者难忘，下一段开始回忆具体的旅行情况，空处需起到衔接的作用，过渡到下一段的回忆。C项“那件事至今仍历历在目。”符合语境，其中的“It”指前文的“An unexpected act f kindness frm a stranger”，“vivid in my mind”可以引起下一段开始的回忆。故选C。
17．根据前文“I barded the bus and fund ut that nne f my cards wrked and I wasn’t able t buy a ticket.（我上了公共汽车，发现我的卡都不能用，我无法买到票。）”和后文“Althugh I explained that it wasn’t my intentin and I had just arrived frm Brasv, they still didn’t believe me and fined me fr nt having a ticket.（虽然我解释说这不是我的本意，我刚从布拉索夫来，但他们仍然不相信我，并因为我没有票而罚款。）”可知，前文叙述作者遇到了困难，无法付款买票，后文叙述作者还被罚款，空处需起到衔接的作用，说明情况更糟糕了。E项“更糟糕的是，我在公共汽车上被警察拦住了。”符合语境，后文的“they”指代其中的“plicemen”。故选E。
18．根据前文“Yu have t purchase a card at certain places in the city, tp it up with mney, and then pay nbard.（你必须在城市的某些地方买一张卡，充满钱，然后在车上付款。）”和后文“Yu can use wireless pay t purchase a ticket.（你可以用无线支付买票。）”可知，前文解释了布加勒斯特的大部分公共汽车付款的方式，后文提到的方式更为方便先进，空处应该会有转折，过渡到后文这种更便捷的方式。F项“然而，连接机场的公共汽车更加现代化。”符合语境，其中的“mre mdern”指后文的“use wireless pay”。故选F。
19．根据后文“After I gt n the bus, I fund the ticket machine t be the same as the ne I had met with n my first day in Bucharest.（上车后，我发现售票机和我在布加勒斯特第一天遇到的那台一样。）”可知，本段讨论旅程中另外一天的事情，空处需从上面段落的内容过渡到这一天。G项“快进到我的最后一天，我计划乘公共汽车去布加勒斯特机场。”符合语境，呼应后文的遭遇。故选G。
20．根据前文“I tried in vain every methd, including wireless pay, Apple Pay and cash.（我尝试了各种方法，包括无线支付、Apple Pay和现金，但都徒劳无用。）”可知，作者之前以为去机场的公共汽车上可以无线支付，但是实际上各种支付方式都不行，结合第一天就被罚款的经历可以推测，空处会叙述作者开始紧张慌乱。A项“我开始恐慌起来。”符合语境，承接前文。故选A。
（2023春·江苏南京·高二校联考期中）Establishing healthy bundaries with yurself will help yu stay within yur range f cntrl and priritize what matters mst. Here are sme tips.
Be hnest with yurself
Behind every fancy purchase is a desire fr status and recgnitin. Yu secretly want t be nticed fr wearing a new watch r carrying a designer purse. ____21____S befre taking actin twards any attempt, such as making an expensive purchase r pursuing a jb prmtin, ask yurself, “Wh am I ding this fr?”____22____ Hwever, if yu are pursuing smething with the hpes f attracting attentin, then yu need t say n t yurself.
Hnr yur limits
____23____Trying t please everyne makes yu vulnerable (脆弱的). The truth is yu have limited energy and time. It is imprtant that yu are wise with yur resurces. The imprtance f hnring yur limits is highlighted by the Greek mythlgical stry. The stry is a reminder that pushing yurself t hard fr t lng ultimately cmes at a cst.
Stp cmparing yurself t thers
Peple will engage in behavirs that trigger yu. It might be tempting t enter an undeclared cmpetitin with the Jneses. This apprach des nt wrk because there is always smene ut there wh has mre f what yu desire.
Stp cmparing yurself t thers. ____24____Fcus n living a meaningful life that is cnsistent with yur values and gals.
____25____
Yu are likely yur wrst critic. Yu secretly say things t yurself that yu wuld never have the heart t tell thers. Remember t have realistic expectatins f yurself. When yu set gals, cnsider whether yu have set the standard at a reasnable level. If the gal is unrealistic, then yu have t say n and adjust yur expectatins.
A．Be fair t yurself.
B．Stay true t yurself.
C．Yu can’t be everything fr everyne.
D．The reality is that yu are nt being recgnized.
E．What smene is ding with their life has nthing t d with yu.
F．If a pursuit will truly imprve the quality f yur life, then g fr it.
G．The same can be said abut ther pursuits such as accumulating wealth and status.
【答案】21．D 22．F 23．C 24．E 25．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文针对为自己设定健康的界限提出了一些建议。
21．根据上文“Behind every fancy purchase is a desire fr status and recgnitin. Yu secretly want t be nticed fr wearing a new watch r carrying a designer purse.(你暗地里想要因为戴了新手表或拿了名牌钱包而引起注意)”以及下文“S befre taking actin twards any attempt, such as making an expensive purchase r pursuing a jb prmtin, ask yurself, ‘Wh am I ding this fr?’(因此，在采取任何行动之前，比如购买昂贵的东西或追求升职，问问自己：‘我做这些是为了谁？’)”可知，上文提到想要用新手表或名牌包而吸引别人注意的行为，下文说在购买昂贵的东西之前问问自己是为了谁，由此说明上文想要用昂贵的东西吸引别人的行为不奏效，D项“现实是你没有被认出来”符合语境，故选D。
22．根据下文“Hwever, if yu are pursuing smething with the hpes f attracting attentin, then yu need t say n t yurself.(然而，如果你是为了吸引别人的注意而追求某件事，那么你需要对自己说不)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，应是描述可以去追求的情况，F项“如果一种追求真的能提高你的生活质量，那就去追求吧”符合语境，故选F。
23．根据本段小标题“Hnr yur limits(尊重你的极限)”下文“Trying t please everyne makes yu vulnerable (脆弱的).(试图取悦每个人会让你变得脆弱)”可知，此处是描述要尊重自己的极限的原因，C项“你不可能成为所有人的一切”符合语境，故选C。
24．根据上文“Stp cmparing yurself t thers.(不要拿自己和别人比较)”和下文“Fcus n living a meaningful life that is cnsistent with yur values and gals.(专注于与你的价值观和目标一致的有意义的生活)”可知，本段是说不要和别人比较，专注于自己的事情，故E项“别人在做什么与你无关”符合语境，故选E。
25．空处是段落小标题，根据本段中“Remember t have realistic expectatins f yurself. When yu set gals, cnsider whether yu have set the standard at a reasnable level.(记住要对自己有现实的期望。当你设定目标时，考虑一下你是否把标准设定在一个合理的水平上)”可知，本段是说对自己的期望要实际一点，设定适度的目标，故A项“公平地对待自己”符合语境，故选A。
（2023春·重庆·高二重庆一中校考期中）First aid is a crucial aspect f healthcare that can significantly save smene’s life r prevent further injury r illness. Knwing when t use first aid is essential s that prper measures are taken prmptly.____26____
Injuries and Accidents
One f the mst cmmn instances where first aid is required is in injuries and accidents.___27___ In such situatins, it is essential t prvide immediate care t prevent further damage and ensure that the affected individual receives timely medical attentin. Sme f the initial steps in first aid fr injuries include applying pressure t stp bleeding, immbilizing the affected area, and administering pain relief medicatin.
Cardiac Arrest (心脏停跳)
Anther critical situatin where first aid can make a difference is during a cardiac arrest. A cardiac arrest ccurs when the heart stps functining; immediate interventin is necessary. ____28____ The first step in such a situatin is t call emergency services and start cardipulmnary resuscitatin (CPR) until prfessinal help arrives. Knwing hw t perfrm CPR can be life-saving in such situatins.
Chking and Suffcatin (窒息)
Chking and suffcatin are emergencies that can ccur at any time, and immediate interventin is necessary t prevent further cmplicatins. If smene is chking, it is essential t act quickly. _29_ Similarly, if smene is suffcating due t a blcked airway, it is vital t clear the bstructin and ensure that the persn’s airway is pen.
When t use first aid can significantly save smene’s life r prevent further injury r illness.__30__ Call fr emergency services, and prvide immediate care until prfessinal help arrives. Being prepared and trained in first aid can ensure the safety and well-being f thse arund us.
A．In any emergency, it is essential t remain calm.
B．This can include cuts, burns, falls, sprains, and ther unpleasant injuries.
C．If smene has taken a pisnus substance, calling emergency services.
D．Perfrm the Heimlich maneuvre t frce ut the bject causing the bstructin.
E．Bleeding and verdse are medical emergencies that require immediate attentin.
F．This blg pst will discuss when t use first aid and the imprtance f early interventin.
G．Bld circulatin (血液循环) and xygen supply t vital rgans shuld be restred immediately.
【答案】26．F 27．B 28．G 29．D 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了应当进行急救的情况以及早期干预的重要性。
26．空格处的句子是一个承上启下的句子，空格前的句子“Knwing when t use first aid is essential s that prper measures are taken prmptly.（知道什么时候进行急救是必要的，以便及时采取适当的措施）”是说“知道什么时候进行急救是必要的”；而下面文章的内容主要说的是“应当进行急救的情况和尽早进行急救的重要性”，所以，把F项“This blg pst will discuss when t use first aid and the imprtance f early interventin.（这篇博文将讨论何时使用急救以及早期干预的重要性）”填入空格处，可以引起下文。故选F项。
27．根据空格前的句子“One f the mst cmmn instances where first aid is required is in injuries and accidents.（最常见的需要急救的情况之一是受伤和事故）”和空格后的句子“In such situatins, it is essential t prvide immediate care t prevent further damage and ensure that the affected individual receives timely medical attentin.（在这种情况下，必须立即提供护理，以防止进一步损害，并确保受影响的个人得到及时的医疗照顾）”可知，空格处的句子一定涉及到可以进行急救的伤情。所以，把B项“This can include cuts, burns, falls, sprains, and ther unpleasant injuries.（这可能包括割伤、烧伤、跌倒、扭伤和其他令人不快的伤害）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选B项。
28．根据空格前的句子“A cardiac arrest ccurs when the heart stps functining; immediate interventin is necessary.（当心脏停止运转时，就会发生心脏骤停；立即干预是必要的）”可知，心脏骤停时立即干预是必要的，空格处的句子应该解释立即干预的意义。所以，把G项“Bld circulatin and xygen supply t vital rgans shuld be restred immediately.（应立即恢复血液循环和重要器官的氧气供应）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选G项。
29．根据空格前的句子“If smene is chking, it is essential t act quickly.（如果有人窒息，必须迅速采取行动）”可知，如果有人窒息，必须迅速采取行动，所以，空格处的句子应该提到怎样采取行动。所以，把D项“Perfrm the Heimlich maneuvre t frce ut the bject causing the bstructin.（执行海姆利克氏操作法将造成阻塞的物体挤出）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选D项。
30．根据空格后的句子“Call fr emergency services, and prvide immediate care until prfessinal help arrives.（呼叫急救服务，并立即提供护理，直到专业人员到来）”可知，空格处的句子应该提到紧急情况的发生。所以，把A项“In any emergency, it is essential t remain calm.（在任何紧急情况下，保持冷静是至关重要的）”填入空格处，和下文是顺接关系，符合题意。故选A项。
（2023春·黑龙江双鸭山·高二双鸭山一中校考期中）Aplgizing fr a mistake might seem difficult, but it will help yu repair and imprve yur relatinships with thers after that ffense (冒犯).
Acknwledge the ffense. This is an essential element f a gd aplgy. ___31___Aplgies are mst likely t be well-received if yu shw that yu recgnize wh was respnsible and wh was harmed. Fr example, saying “I made a mistake” is mre effective than saying“mistakes were made”, which fails t clarify respnsibility.
___32___In sme cases, it’s helpful t explain an ffense, especially t explain that it was nt intentinal and that it will nt happen again. But explanatins that are lng-winded, sund like excuses, r blame the victim (e. g. Yu were really getting n my nerves.) tend t have an ppsite effect.
Express regret.___33___ Expressing these feelings cmmunicates that yu recgnize and regret the suffering yu caused. Be careful f phrases like “That was uncharacteristic f me.” ___34___ Instead, acknwledge yur disappintment in yurself and yur cmmitment t imprve.
Tell them hw yu’ll change. Let them knw hw yu’ll change and what yu’d d t make that pssible. Fr instance, if yu’ve been late nce again, instead f just aplgizing, share hw yu’d keep an early alarm t be n time! ___35___
A．Prvide a prper explanatin.
B．Express yur intentin clearly.
C．But many aplgies dn’t d this enugh.
D．When yu hurt smene, it’s natural t feel shame r regret.
E．A true aplgy is ne where yu prmise it wn’t be repeated again.
F．This might shw that yu aren’t taking full wnership fr what happened.
G．This will enable yu t knw what means the mst t the ffended persn.
【答案】31．C 32．A 33．D 34．F 35．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了如何为自己的错误道歉。
31．下文“Aplgies are mst likely t be well-received if yu shw that yu recgnize wh was respnsible and wh was harmed. Fr example, saying ‘I made a mistake’ is mre effective than saying ‘mistakes were made’, which fails t clarify respnsibility.(如果你表现出你认识到谁应该负责，谁受到了伤害，那么道歉最有可能被接受。例如，说“我犯了一个错误”比说“犯了错误”更有效，因为“犯了错误”无法明确责任)”通过举例的方式说明道歉要明确，要真诚，为C项“But many aplgies dn’t d this enugh.(但很多道歉都不足以做到这一点)”中提出的问题提供应对策略，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
32．设空处是段首主题句，根据下文“In sme cases, it’s helpful t explain an ffense, especially t explain that it was nt intentinal and that it will nt happen again. But explanatins that are lng-winded, sund like excuses, r blame the victim (e. g. Yu were really getting n my nerves.) tend t have an ppsite effect.(在某些情况下，解释一个冒犯是有帮助的，尤其是解释它不是故意的，并且不会再发生。但是，冗长的解释，听起来像借口，或指责受害者(例如，你真的让我心烦意乱)往往会产生相反的效果)”可知，本段主要讲要对冒犯进行合理的解释，所以A项“Prvide a prper explanatin.(提供一个恰当的解释)”是最佳主题句。故选A项。
33．根据下文“Expressing these feelings cmmunicates that yu recgnize and regret the suffering yu caused.(表达这些感受表明你认识到并后悔你造成的痛苦)”和指代关系可知，上文中会出现“these feelings”指代的情绪，同时这些情绪和给别人带来痛苦有关，D项“When yu hurt smene, it’s natural t feel shame r regret. (当你伤害了别人，感到羞愧或后悔是很自然的)”中“shame r regret”即下文指代对象，同时是给别人带来痛苦后的感受，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
34．上文“Be careful f phrases like ‘That was uncharacteristic f me.’(小心像“那不是我的风格”这样的措词)”提出在表达道歉时，用些措词要慎用，F项“This might shw that yu aren’t taking full wnership fr what happened.(这可能表明你没有为发生的事情承担全部责任)”解释了原因：说“那不是我的风格”说明自己并没有为发生的事情承担全部责任。上下文衔接自然。故选F项。
35．上文“Tell them hw yu’ll change. Let them knw hw yu’ll change and what yu’d d t make that pssible.(告诉他们你会如何改变。让他们知道你将如何改变，以及你会做些什么来实现这一目标)”提出道歉要承诺改变，给出方法，E项“A true aplgy is ne where yu prmise it wn’t be repeated again.(真正的道歉是你保证不会再犯)”承接上文，说明承诺改变，给出方法才是真正的道歉，照应本段主题。故选E项。
（2023春·江苏盐城·高二盐城市第一中学校联考期中）Public speaking is the act f speaking t a large grup f peple in a highly rganized manner.____36____The ability t speak cnfidently in public nt nly will make yu stand ut while in cllege, but als will enable yu t play an active rle in yur wrkplace in the future.
Public speaking ften invlves tw majr stages f wrk. As fr the preparatin, yu shuld start with an audience analysis and decide n a speech tpic and purpse.____37____After yu analyze yur audience and set a speech bjective, yu need t gather materials t supprt yur idea.____38____After yu gather enugh materials abut the tpic, yu then need t rganize them clearly and lgically.
____39____In a speech, shrter and simpler wrds and sentences are preferred t lng and cmplex nes s that the listening audience will understand well. Besides, in rder t bring emtinal respnses in the audience, varius kinds f rhetrical devices(修辞手法)are ften emplyed t add pwer t the speech language.
T successfully deliver a speech, yu need t d a lt f wrk as well.____40____Maybe yu als need t prepare sme visual(视觉的)aids such as PwerPint t help yur audience understand yu well.
A．Sme peple think that public speaking can be trained.
B．Knwing the art f public speaking is very imprtant.
C．In additin, yu shuld pay attentin t the tpic f yur speech.
D．The language f a speech tends t be different frm that f writing.
E．Yu can gather these materials frm the Internet r yur persnal experience.
F．Yu need t make effective use f yur vice t cnvey yur message clearly.
G．The mre yu knw abut yur audience, the better yu will prepare the speech.
【答案】36．B 37．G 38．E 39．D 40．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何做好演讲以及在演讲时要注意的一些方面。
36．根据上文提示“Public speaking is the act f speaking t a large grup f peple in a highly rganized manner.”（公开演讲是以高度有组织的方式向一大群人演讲的行为。）可知，指出公共演讲的含义，下文“The ability t speak cnfidently in public nt nly will make yu stand ut while in cllege, but als will enable yu t play an active rle in yur wrkplace in the future.”（ 在公共场合自信地讲话不仅会让你在大学里脱颖而出，而且会让你在未来的工作中扮演积极的角色。）指出公开演讲的好处，由此可知，空处应该指出要掌握公开演讲的艺术，B项“Knwing the art f public speaking is very imprtant.”（掌握公共演讲的艺术是非常重要的。）切题。故选B。
37．根据上文提示“Public speaking ften invlves tw majr stages f wrk. As fr the preparatin, yu shuld start with an audience analysis and decide n a speech tpic and purpse.”（公开演讲通常包括两个主要阶段的工作。至于准备，你应该从分析听众开始，然后决定演讲的主题和目的。），可知，公共演讲前要了解观众。承接上文，G项“The mre yu knw abut yur audience, the better yu will prepare the speech.”（你对听众了解得越多，你的演讲准备得就越好。）切题。故选G。
38．根据上文提示“After yu analyze yur audience and set a speech bjective, yu need t gather materials t supprt yur idea.”（在你分析了你的听众并设定了演讲目标之后，你需要收集材料来支持你的观点。），再根据下文提示“After yu gather enugh materials abut the tpic, yu then need t rganize them clearly and lgically.”（在你收集了足够的材料之后，你就需要把它们清晰而有逻辑地组织起来。）可知，空前指出公开演讲前要收集材料，空后指出收集材料之后所做的事，由此可知，空处应该承上启下，指出怎么收集材料，E项“Yu can gather these materials frm the Internet r yur persnal experience.”（你可以从网上或你的个人经历中收集这些材料。）切题。故选E。
39．根据下文提示“In a speech, shrter and simpler wrds and sentences are preferred t lng and cmplex nes s that the listening audience will understand well.”（在演讲中，较短较简单的单词和句子要比较长较复杂的单词和句子好，这样听众才能更好地理解。）可知，演讲的语言和写的内容是不同的。顺承下文，D项“The language f a speech tends t be different frm that f writing.”（演讲的语言往往不同于写作的语言。）切题。故选D。
40．根据上文提示“T successfully deliver a speech, yu need t d a lt f wrk as well.”（为了成功地发表演讲，你也需要做很多工作。），再根据下文提示“Maybe yu als need t prepare sme visual(视觉的)aids such as PwerPint t help yur audience understand yu well.”（也许你还需要准备一些视觉辅助工具，如PwerPint，以帮助你的听众更好地理解你。）可知，空前指出要在演讲前做很多工作，空后指出从视觉方面做一些准备，由此可知，空处应该指出从其他的方面做准备，F项“Yu need t make effective use f yur vice t cnvey yur message clearly.”（你需要有效地利用你的声音来清楚地传达你的信息。）切题，指出从声音方面做一些准备。故选F。
（2023春·江苏南通·高二海安高级中学校考期中）The Malaysian night market is based n a cncept f pen-air shpping where streel vendrs (小贩) take ver a designated street t set up stalls (货摊). The night market is the place where yu can hang arund the stalls, enjy the smell f lcal fds and maybe pick up sme items.
Each night market cmprises a different cmbinatin f stalls. ____41____There is always smething new and exciting t lk frward t at each visit.
The night markets are typically frm 5 p.m. till 10:30 p.m. Yu can get anything frm night markets, be it grceries, clthing, gd lcal fd, ht snacks, husehld items, fresh prduce, and even the latest styles. By arund 6 p.m., the market is in full swing as the first grups f peple sweep in. Fr thse wh ck, there is stall upn stall selling fresh seafd, meat prducts, and a limitless variety f vegetables.____42____.
It is n secret that all-night markets share a cmmn treasure — tasty street cuisine.____43____ The ever-ppular sybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.
____44____Therefre, it is nt a place fr the faint-hearted r the gentle. T many, they are fun and thrilling places t explre. Yu can even be addicted t discveries f the antique kind which can be fund in sme night markets.
Sme places are 24-hur markets, which are livelier at night when traders set up numerus stalls selling unusual lcal fd, extic trpical (热带的) fruits, cheap clthes, secnd-hand gds as well as fresh prduce. The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast fr the eyes n a trpical night ut. The atmsphere is almst festive.____45____.
A．Yur curisity will be satisfied here.
B．There is s much t see, buy and eat.
C．Peple wuld cmplain abut the nises here.
D．Nisy crwds are the hallmark f the night market.
E．It wuld be a regret nt t try n muth-watering lcal dishes.
F．New items are cnstantly being added n in line with current trends and market demand.
G．Dried and preserved items such as dried beef and salted eggs are easily available here t.
【答案】41．F 42．G 43．E 44．D 45．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马来西亚的夜市。
41．根据下文“There is always smething new and exciting t lk frward t at each visit.(每次去总有一些新的和令人兴奋的事情值得期待)”可知每次去夜市都有新的体验，故F项“根据当前的趋势和市场需求不断增加新产品”符合语境，因为有不断增加的新产品，所以每次去都有新的和令人兴奋的事情。故选F。
42．空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Fr thse wh ck, there is stall upn stall selling fresh seafd, meat prducts, and a limitless variety f vegetables.(对于那些做饭的人来说，这里有一个又一个摊位出售新鲜的海鲜、肉类产品和各种各样的蔬菜)”可知，空处应承接上文继续描述夜市出售的食材，G项“干牛肉和咸蛋等干制和腌制食品在这里也很容易买到”符合语境，故选G。
43．根据上文“It is n secret that all-night markets share a cmmn treasure — tasty street cuisine.(众所周知，所有夜市都有一个共同的宝藏——美味的街头美食)”以及下文“The ever-ppular sybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here.(广受欢迎的大豆饮料和甘蔗汁是这里永恒的特色)”可知，本段是描述夜市的美食，E项“如果不尝尝令人垂涎欲滴的当地菜肴，那就太遗憾了”符合语境，故选E。
44．根据下文“Therefre, it is nt a place fr the faint-hearted r the gentle.(因此，这里不适合胆小或温柔的人)”可知，空处是解释夜市不适合胆小或温柔的人的原因，D项“喧闹的人群是夜市的标志”符合语境，故选D。
45．根据上文“The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast fr the eyes n a trpical night ut. The atmsphere is almst festive.(在热情的夜晚，夜市确实是一种令人兴奋的体验，也是一场视觉盛宴。气氛几乎是喜庆的)”可知，此处是总结夜市的一些特点，B项“有那么多东西要看、要买、要吃”符合语境，故选B。
（2023春·广东佛山·高二统考学业考试）It’s the hliday seasn, and yu are n a lng break frm schl and athletics. Hw d yu make sure yu stay fit during the hlidays? Fllw the five tips t keep yurself mving during the hlidays.
Have a plan. Create a plan fr yur training sessins. This can make sure yu “cmplete X amunt f wrkuts a week” and have wrkuts scheduled int yur day. ____46____
Mve. ____47____ This means getting up every 30-60 minutes t take a lap arund the huse, d a few push-ups r d anything t mve yur bdy. The wrst thing yu can d during this time ff is t becme sedentary (久坐的).
____48____ Instead f cmpleting training sessins alne, invite yur family and friends t help. Bring a friend t the gym with yu s yu can spend quality time while als getting in sme mvement. G fr a family walk after breakfast.
Get enugh sleep and rest. Enugh rest will reduce the risk f injury. What’s mre, it wil1 prvide a necessary mental reset. During the schl year, yu maintain a very busy schedule and smetimes sleep is nt high n yur pririty list. While yu have the time t rest, yu shuld!____49____
Be realistic. This is the hliday seasn, after all! ____50____ Yu shuld expect t miss a sessin r tw t sleep in a bit. Participating in the festivities and spending time with yur friends and family will nt affect yur sprt perfrmance!
A．Exercise in the mrning.
B．Make ding sprts a scial event.
C．Make sure yu get in sme srt f mvement daily.
D．S dn’t be t hard n yurself when it cmes t exercise.
E．Eating healthily nw will give yu mre energy thrughut the day.
F．In additin, yu are mre likely t cmplete them withut affecting ther events.
G．Therefre, when yu g back t schl, yur bdy and mind will be ready t wrk.
【答案】46．F 47．C 48．B 49．G 50．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者提供了五个小技巧来确保您在假期期间保持运动。这些技巧包括策划计划、经常运动、以运动作为社交活动、获得足够的睡眠和休息、并保持实事求是的态度。
46．根据前文“Have a plan. Create a plan fr yur training sessins. This can make sure yu “cmplete X amunt f wrkuts a week” and have wrkuts scheduled int yur day. (策划计划。为您的训练制定一个计划。这可以确保您每周完成指定次数的锻炼，并使锻炼计划安排在您的每一天中)”可知，要定制锻炼计划，且要完成，前提是在不影响其他事情的情况下，F项“In additin, yu are mre likely t cmplete them withut affecting ther events. (此外，您更有可能在不影响其他事件的情况下完成它们)”符合语境，故选F项。
47．根据前文“Mve(运动)”和下文“This means getting up every 30-60 minutes t take a lap arund the huse, d a few push-ups r d anything t mve yur bdy. The wrst thing yu can d during this time ff is t becme sedentary(久坐的) (这意味着每隔30至60分钟起来，绕着房子走一圈，做几个俯卧撑或做任何让身体动起来的事情。在这个假期不动弹是最糟糕的事情。在这句话中，作者强调了假日期间运动身体的重要性，并建议您每隔30至60分钟起来做一些轻松的运动或者绕房子走一圈)”可知作者强调了假日期间运动身体的重要性，并建议您每隔30至60分钟起来做一些轻松的运动或者绕房子走一圈。C项“Make sure yu get in sme srt f mvement daily. (每天确保进行某种运动)”符合题意，故选C项。
48．空处为主旨句，根据下文“Instead f cmpleting training sessins alne, invite yur family and friends t help. Bring a friend t the gym with yu s yu can spend quality time while als getting in sme mvement. G fr a family walk after breakfast. (与其单独完成培训课程，不如邀请您的家人和朋友提供帮助。带朋友去健身房，这样您就可以度过美好的时光，同时还可以锻炼身体。早餐后去家庭散步)”可知，作者建议您通过邀请家人和朋友一起参加运动项目，将锻炼变成社交活动。B项“Make ding sprts a scial event. (让体育活动成为一种社交活动)”符合题意，故选B项。
49．根据前文“During the schl year, yu maintain a very busy schedule and smetimes sleep is nt high n yur pririty list. While yu have the time t rest, yu shuld! (在学年期间，您保持非常繁忙的日程安排，有时睡眠不是您的优先事项。因此，当您有时间休息时，您应该好好休息)”可知，作者强调了假期期间获取足够的睡眠和休息的重要性。空处位于段末，应承接上文陈述获得足够睡眠和休息的好处，G项“Therefre, when yu g back t schl, yur bdy and mind will be ready t wrk. (因此，当你回到学校时，你的身心将准备好工作)”符合题意。故选G项。
50．根据空前“Be realistic. This is the hliday seasn, after all! (要实事求是。毕竟，这是假期！)”与空后“Yu shuld expect t miss a sessin r tw t sleep in a bit. Participating in the festivities and spending time with yur friends and family will nt affect yur sprt perfrmance! (您应该会错过一两次会议才能入睡一会儿。参加庆祝活动并与朋友和家人共度时光不会影响您的运动表现！)”可知，作者建议您在假日期间对锻炼保持实事求是的态度。错过一两个锻炼来与家人和朋友享受节日也没有关系，与D项“S dn’t be t hard n yurself when it cmes t exercise. (所以在锻炼方面不要对自己太苛刻)”符合题意，故选D项。挖空位置
逻辑关系
具体解读
段首题
主旨句
常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。
承上启下句
此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段中题
例证关系
前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：fr example, fr instance, in fact/as a matter f fact, actually, in ther wrds/that is t say等。
转折关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有： but, hwever, yet, while/thugh/althugh, r/therwise, n the cntrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in cntrast/cmparisn, by cmparisn等。
因果关系
表示因果关系的标志词语有：s, therefre, thus, cnsequently(结果), as a result (f), s/such ..., s that ...等。
递进关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：t, als, besides, further, furthermre, mrever, likewise, similarly, what's mre, what's wrse, in additin, as well, t make matters wrse, nt ... but ..., nt nly ... but als等。
并列关系
表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), secnd(ly); first, then/next; t begin with, sme ... thers ...; fr ne thing, fr anther thing; then/next, finally/last等。
段尾题
总结句
用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
承上启下句
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