人教版小升初英语学案第2讲

这是一份人教版小升初英语学案第2讲，共7页。
含有be 动词的常用句型（一）
1. 介绍：你叫什么名字？我叫我是...
你从哪里来？我来自...
2. 谁：...是谁？
那个男人/女人是谁？他/她是...
谁是你的英语老师？她是...
3. 哪里：...在哪？
你的橡皮擦在哪？它在书包里。
4. 颜色：...是什么颜色？
你的蜡笔是什么颜色？他们是绿色的。
他的眼睛是蓝色的。

助动词(d)的用法
(1)形式：第三人称单数用des, 其他都用d 过去式did
缩写：d nt = dn’t des nt = desn’t did nt = didn’t
例句： (d) yu have an eraser? (d) he have English class n Mnday?
She finds a muse. (变为否定句) She a muse.
(2)进行句型转换时，句中谓语为行为动词，就要借助助动词d / des / did.
一般疑问句：D/ Des /Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？遇第一人称，将其改为第二人称。
特殊疑问句：疑问词 + d / des / did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？
否定句：主语＋dn’t / desn’t / didn’t＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他.
She ges t schl by bus every mrning.(改为一般疑问句和否定句，并作肯定和否定回答)
否定句： .
疑问句： ? , . , .
你表弟昨天干什么了？ yur cusin d yesterday?
I went t Xiamen n my hliday. (就划线部分提问)
?
(3)d / des还可做行为动词，意为“做”。
例句：We usually d ur hmewrk in the afternn. He des his hmewrk in the evening.
My mther des husewrk in the mrning.(改为一般疑问句和否定句)
yur mther husewrk in the mrning?
My mther husewrk in the mrning.
五个元音字母的发音规律复习：
以“元辅e”结尾的单词，开音节单词，元音字母在开音节单词中读 音
以“以元辅或元辅辅”结尾的单词，闭音节单词，元音字母在单词中读 音
1)例词如下：
A:
cake bake make take lake wake snake ; ate date gate hate late plate
face race place ; fade made grade ; cafe safe name ; same game tape plane
E;
theme these eve evening ;
I:
bike like Nike ; nice rice ice mice price ; bite kite ; life wife ; five dive ;
line fine mine nine wine pine ; hide ride side wide ;
mile pile smile ; time pipe
O:
nse hme bne rse nte hle ple rpe vte rde zne slpe smke glbe
U:
use cute mute excuse

A:
bag cat cap dad bad ; fat flat ; has gas ; hat map mad lamp ; rat sat ant sad glad land and hand ; man can flag back
E;
egg wet met pet get let net ; bed bend send red ; tell well sell ; neck desk leg beg ;
pen hen next help rest left yes
I:
it is in if his sit hill film did swim fish milk pig big ill
O:
dg bx fx ht nt bss fnd lt pt lst gt jb sft frg cck clck crss fg
frm gd glf n ff pnd
U:
bus but cut bug hut mug duck cup run nut mum gun fun sun hug rub luck suck
must jump plus dust just
两元相遇发 音，后者 音
[ei] rain gain pain tail wait bait train aim snail maid fail lain e-mail
[ei] day say way lay gay pay play may tday stay
[ei] eight neighbr weigh
[i:] bee see meet tree three week feet sweet street green queen betwe
screen sleep asleep deep keep jeep sheep deed feed need greet speed succeed
[i:] tea sea meat each clean mean reach beach easy cheap lead leaf team read leave deal meal dream teach ideal steal beat teacher heat seat weak east please speak
[ai] die tie lie pie
[ai] high might light night knight [ai] wild mild [ai] kind find behind blind
[əu] cat sap bat gat rad cal lad
[əu] knw rw lw grw flw yellw windw snw shw brrw
[əu] ld gld cld sld
[əu] pst hst mst ghst
[ju:] suit [ju:] new chew stew few
音标课堂
[a:]
音标特征：后元音 低音 不圆唇 长元音
发音组合：ar ear al
代表单词：far dark farm garden star heart half heart card arm
[ə:]/[ɜ:]
音标特征：中元音 半高音 不圆唇 长元音
发音组合：r ir er ur
代表单词：wrk wrd bird dirty term her nurse surf
[ ə ]
音标特征：中元音 半低音 不圆唇 短元音
发音组合：a er r
代表单词： abut away alike a man panda teacher mther brther driver
dctr actr tutr
[ɔɪ]
发音组合：i y
代表单词： sil cin il nise vice pint ty by enjy
[au]
发音组合：u w
代表单词：ut huse muth suth sund rund cw nw bw twn brwn twer
[iə]
发音组合：ear eer ea
代表单词：ear hear near fear tear year beer deer idea real
[ɛə]
发音组合：air ear are ere
代表单词：air chair hair fair bear pear swear dare hare square
[uə]
发音组合：ure r ur
代表单词：lure sure cure pr mr tur turist
语法课堂
看图写句子

Miss Li is teacher, and There is apple n the tree. apple is red.
is beautiful. We lve .

bk n desk is My uncle gave (I)
stry bk. iPad. iPad is very useful.
冠词的用法 冠词分为不定冠词(a / an)、定冠词(the)和零冠词。
不定冠词 (a / an)
(1) 用于可数名词单数形式前，表示“一”。
他有一本书。
我妈妈想吃一个橘子。
一只猫有一条尾巴。
(2) 辅音因素开头的词前用a 元音因素开头的词前用an
【典例】
1.There is ______empty bx n the table.
2.There is ______ “f” and ______ “u” in wrd “fur”.
3.I’m ______ student. I have ______ happy family. My father is ______ university teacher. He has ______ imprtant meeting tday. My mther is ______ artist. My brther Jack is ______ hnest by, we all like him. Every mrning, we d mrning exercises fr ______ hur. I get the first prize (第一名) in ur schl sprts meeting, s my parents give me ______ iPhne 6 fr prize.
(3) 固定搭配
a lt f a pair / set / piece f
have a gd time have a lk
in a hurry have / take a rest
have a cld a waste f
定冠词 (the)
用法归纳为：独 指 方 高 乐 序 惯 家 形
(1) 独：世上独一无二的事物前
earth ges arund sun, mn ges arund earth.
(2) 指：指代前面出现过的人或事物，或大家都知道的人或事物前
Lk! There is ball under the table. ball is mine.
wman is cming. wman is ur English teacher.
Please clse dr!
bk n desk is English bk.
(3) 方：表示方向、方位的词前
sun rises in east and sets in west.
Walk alng the rad and take the first turning n right.
东方 西方 南方 北方
在左边 在右边
(4) 高：形容词或副词的最高级前
Peter is tallest by in his class.
America is strngest cuntry in wrld.
(5) 乐：西洋乐器前
Mary likes playing pian, Kate likes playing vilin, Jhn likes playing
guitar, and Tm likes playing drums. But I like playing Erhu.
(6) 序：序数词前
Tuesday is third day f a week.
She gets first prize in her schl sprting meeting.
(7) 惯：习惯用语或固定搭配中
in mrning / afternn / evening
in the middle f... in the end
by the way n the way t...
all the time g t the cinema
(8) 家：用于姓氏前，表示一家人
The Whites are ging t have a trip next week. The Blacks are frm France.
(9) 形：用于某些形容词前，表示一类人
The pr are pr. Everyne shuld respect (尊敬) the ld and lve the yung.
the bad the gd the rich the new
零冠词 (不用冠词)
(1) 专有名词前不用冠词。包括人名、地名、年份、季节、月份、星期、节日。
这周三在北京有一场会议。
鸟儿在冬天飞往南方。
教师节是在九月，老师们在教师节可以收到很多礼物。
(2) 球类和棋类前不用冠词
今天是星期天，汤姆想打篮球但是约翰想下棋。

(3) 学科和语言前不用冠词
She teaches English in a middle schl.
你会说日语吗？
我们上午有语文和数学课。
(4) 三餐前不用冠词
我通常在七点吃早饭。
我今天吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。
(5) 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格时，不用冠词。
This is a my bk. （ ） The Tm’s mther is a dctr. （ ）
(6) 有the和无the意义不同的
 g t schl g t the schl
The children g t schl at seven every mrning.
Father went t the schl t see Mr. Chen.
 at table at the table
The Greens are at table. The Greens are sitting at the table.
 in hspital in the hspital
Lucy’s grandfather had a headache, he is in hspital nw.
My father is a dctr, nw he is in the hspital.
固定搭配
at nn / night day and night
hand in hand face t face
含有be动词的常用句型（二）
—现在是什么时间？—3点。 现在是上英语课的时间。
—天气怎么样？—今天是暖和的。 今天冷吗？
多少钱？多高？多大？—那条连衣裙多少钱？—10美元。
4. —他/她是怎么样的人？（长相）—他/她又高又壮。
5. 时间：—今天星期几？—星期三。—今天什么日期？—7月11日。
是什么时候？—教师节是什么时候？—9月10日。
7. —你最喜欢什么季节？—春天。
8. —他的爱好是什么？—他喜欢做运动。
小试牛刀
一、用适当的冠词填空如不需要，用“/”表示
1. He bught _____ new huse. I have been t _____ huse.
2. _____ rich are nt always happier than _____ pr.
3. D yu knw _____ girl in red?
4. I like playing _____ vilin, while he likes playing _____ ftball.
5. _____ China is _____ ld cuntry with _____ lng histry.
6. _____ fifth lessn is very easy.
7. There is _______ picture f _______ elephant n _______ wall．
8. This is _______ useful bk．I’ve read it fr _______ hur．
9. After I had _______ quick breakfast，I went t schl．
10. — Which is _____ way t ______ hspital? — G dwn this rad and turn left n ______ secnd crssing.
二、单项选择
1. Japan lies _____ east f China.
A. the B. an C. a D. /
_____ wunded and _____ sick must be taken t _____ hspital at nce.
A. The; the; a B．/; /; the C. The; the;/ D. The;/; the
3. This is _____ nly expensive dress I've gt.
A. a B. an C. the D． /
4. —Will yu get there by _____ train? —N, I’ll take _____ taxi.
A. /; a B. a; the C. /;/ D. the; a
5. —It’s _____ nice day, isn’t it? —Yes, what _____ fine weather!
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; / D. the; /
6. Jim is nw making _____ kite.He is ging t fly _____ kite after lunch.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. the; a
家庭作业
家庭作业说明：
请先复习上课内容，再完成课后作业。
一、大声朗读下列绕口令
1. There is n need t light a night light n a light night like tnight.
像今夜这样明亮的夜晚，就不需要点一盏夜灯。
2. Few free fruit flies fly frm flames. 没有几只果蝇从火焰中飞过去。
3. I dn't knw why Jan shwed a yellw cat t the gat in the snw.
我不知道为什么琼在雪天要拿一件黄色的外套给一只山羊看。
4. The man with fair hair dare nt repair their chair there because there is a bear there.
那个有着美丽头发的人不敢在那儿修他们的椅子，因为有一只熊在那儿。
二、阅读短文，用适当的冠词填空，如不需要，用“/”表示。
I’m HngWei . I’m in Class 1，Grade5. Can yu see pht n
wall? It’s ld pht f my family. Wh’s ld man? He’s my grandfather.
man in blue is my uncle. wman in brwn dress is my aunt. My father is behind my mther. He is in black cat. He is in N.1 Middle Schl. Lk, dg beside by is my friend. Its name is Bbby. All
peple in pht are very happy.
单元音
长元音
[i:]
[ɜ:]
[ɔ:]
[u:]
[ɑ:]
短元音
[ɪ]
[ə]
[ɒ]
[ʊ]
[ʌ]
[e]
[æ]
双元音
[aɪ]
[eɪ]
[ɒɪ]
[aʊ]
[əʊ]
[ɪə]
[eə]
[ʊə]
[ei]
发音组合：a ai ay ey
代表单词：cake baby gate snake lake make name game paid rain train main day may say
they hey key
[ai]
发音组合： i y uy
代表单词：kite high bike fine time tie pie cry dry my fly sky buy guy
[əu]
发音组合： w a
代表单词：nse rse hme hst hpe hle knw lw wn snw windw bwl
bat cat sap