河南省平顶山市叶县2024_2025学年高一英语上学期9月月考试题含解析

这是一份河南省平顶山市叶县2024_2025学年高一英语上学期9月月考试题含解析，共19页。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分60分）
第一节 （共19小题；每小题2.5分，满分47.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
We have a variety f student rganizatins fcused n everything frm plitics and phtgraphy t dance and debate. Whatever yur interests, yu can explre them at Harvard. These are just fur f the ttal 451 rganizatins.
Chinese Cultural Card Games Club
The Chinese Cultural Card (games) Club—knwn as CCCC—serves as a fun way fr students t gain an appreciatin f Chinese culture as well as imprve their analytical thinking, memry, and cncentratin thrugh Chinese card games. We play Tractr and Guan Dan at weekly meetings. All are welcme t cme, including friends nt related t Harvard!
E: jxie@
Active Minds Student Chapter at CAMHS
Active Minds Student Chapter at CAMHS are student leaders in prmting a supprtive student cmmunity at Harvard. We wrk t encurage pen cnversatin abut matters f mental health and educate students t deal with resurces n campus.
E: [email protected]
Fall Clean-Up
Fall Clean-up is designed t prvide new students with additinal supprt and resurces (资源) t make it easy t get used t cllege life by cnnecting first-year students with peer leaders, schlmates, and helpful Harvard resurces.
E: fcu@
Accessible Educatin Office(AEO)
The Accessible Educatin Office(AEO) partners with FAS students with visible and invisible disabilities t identify barriers and implement plans fr access. Thrugh cllabratin with the campus cmmunity, we fster an envirnment f equity and inclusin.
E: ae@
Which club best suits students wh want t better analytical thinking?
A. Fall Clean-Up.
B. Accessible Educatin Office(AEO).
C. Chinese Cultural Card Games Club.
D. Active Minds Student Chapter at CAMHS.
2. What is the purpse f Fall Clean-Up?
A. T help students with disabilities.
B. T help students with mental matters.
C. T help students adapt t cllege life.
D. T help students make friends n campus.
3. Where is this text prbably frm?
A. A gegraphy magazine.B. A club pster.
C. A shpping advertisement.D. A schl website.
B
After graduating frm Ontari Cllege f Teachers, I became a teacher at a ne-rm cuntry schl in Aldbrugh Twnship.
That first day f schl as a 19-year-ld female teacher was a frightening experience. It was ne thing t have graduated as a successful student; it was anther thing t face a classrm f little faces that were waiting fr the “new teacher.” I had a classrm f 21 children f different shapes and sizes. The yungest was five ging n six and the eldest was 16.
There were tw drs fr entrance in my schl, ne fr the girls, ne fr the bys and just inside each dr was a chemical tilet — n utdr facilities fr us! The heat in the building was a wd-burning furnace (火炉) dwn in the basement. Tending the furnace was ne f my respnsibilities. Luckily, I knew a bit abut starting a fire, s the schl didn’t burn dwn.
What I fund mst difficult was that a parent might take a child ut f schl fr any reasn. I had ne Dutch family, whse father wuld keep the children ut f schl t help with the farm wrk. Finally, I gt tired f this and sent an educatin fficer t slve the prblem. Needless t say, I was very unppular with that father frm then n, but the children came t schl much mre regularly!
In the classrm, the lder students helped the yunger nes with learning, as well as with putting n cats and hats. If smene’s lunch was frgtten, everyne shared a bit f their fd. We were a family. We had gd times and bad times, but we kept learning. Far beynd maths, scial studies, reading, grammar and writing, we learned hw t get alng with each ther.
I lved teaching at this small schl and knew I was teaching the children abut life as much as abut subjects. I’d like t believe sme students will have an influence n the wrld that will last lng after I am gne.
Why did the authr feel her first day as a teacher frightening?
S many students were in class.B. The situatins were quite different.
C. N utdr facilities were prvided.D. The students were afraid f her.
5. What d we knw abut the schl?
A. It was prly equipped.B. The playgrund was large.
C. It was nce damaged by a fire.D. The students were f similar age.
6. What was a headache fr the authr?
A. A Dutch family hated her.
B. The students preferred farm wrk.
C. The educatin fficer ffered little help.
D. Sme parents ignred children’s educatin.
7. What can be inferred frm Paragraph 5?
A. They cared abut each ther.B. They had an influence n the wrld.
C. They laughed away bad times.D. They did well in almst every subject.
C
Spending time utdrs has lng been linked (联系) t better health. Gardening ges beynd just beautifying utdr spaces—it can have a deep effect n ur physical and mental health.
Gardening invlves physical activity that wrks all the main muscle (肌肉) grups, which is helpful fr verall health. “Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require mvement and can help t imprve strength,” said Claytn, CEO f an nline lawn care cmpany. “Perfrming these activities regularly can help burn calries, and keep a healthy weight.”
Beynd burning calries and building muscle, lts f studies have shwn that gardening can imprve the immune system (免疫系统). The Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin (CDC) recmmends that peple get at least 150 minutes f exercise each week, and gardening is listed as a suitable activity. Ding garden wrk fr that time each week can reduce the risk f besity, high bld pressure and heart disease. Additinally, spending time utdrs makes us get clse t natural sunlight, which is imprtant fr vitamin D synth.
Gardening prvides a chance fr scial cnnectin, t. It can be a shared activity amng family members, friends r neighbrs, building relatinships and a sense f belnging.
Gardening als ffers cgnitive (认知的) benefits. It excites the senses, imprves fcus and encurages prblem-slving and creativity. It prvides a chance t learn abut plants, ecsystems and the envirnment, develping a deeper understanding and appreciatin fr nature.
What is Claytn’s attitude twards gardening?
A. Supprtive.B. Dubtful.C. UnclearD. Uncaring.
9. What des paragraph 3 mainly tell us abut gardening?
A. It imprves fcus.B. It is a waste f time.
C. It can keep a bdy in shape.D. It helps t reduce the risk f diseases.
10. Hw des gardening affect scial cnnectin accrding t the text?
A. It cntributes t creativity.B. It encurages prblem-slving.
C. It builds relatinships between peple.D. It imprves peple’s awareness f safety.
11. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Hw t Start a Garden
B. Chse a Garden r Nt
C. What Plants Grw Best in a Garden
D. Start Gardening and Get the Health Benefits
D
Smetimes ur friends’ behaviur can make us angry; smetimes we can see changes they need t make – but hw d we tell them? Are there any ways t make difficult cnversatins easier?
It’s imprtant t have evidence (证据) that there is a prblem. Evidence that can be agreed n makes it easier fr ther peple t recgnize prblems. Once yu have evidence, it’s imprtant t stress hw it influences yu and thers. Psychlgist Andrea Bnir suggests framing prblems with “I”. Saying “I feel hurt that yu spend less time with me” is better than “Yu never spend time with me!” .
Staying calm is f great imprtance. Being in tensin might lead yu t act badly and cause an argument. Bnir recmmends yu shuld accept that the cnversatin culd make yu anxius. If yu think abut this yurself, it can help yu fcus n psitive results. If yu recgnize yur anxiety t yur friend, yu will shw a mre human side. Anther psychlgist, Laura Brennan, pints ut hw it’s imprtant that we let g f ur self-respect and dn’t fcus n the need t be prved right. This can help reduce tensin.
Listening t the ther persn and asking questins can lwer the ptential fr disagreement. Many experts recmmend planning yur wrds, s that yu can say things in a way that avids disagreement. Hwever, Bnir is against verplanning as can stp yu being flexible enugh t sincerely fllw and jin in the discussin.
Being patient is necessary. Cmplicated prblems are unlikely t be slved with ne cnversatin. Cnsider what is pssible in ne discussin, and that it may be harder than yu thught. This will help yu t set practical gals fr what yu can achieve.
Why shuld we keep calm in face f tensin?
A. T avid an argument.B. T respect urselves.
C. T make urselves anxius.D. T fcus n right things.
13. What des the underlined wrd “framing” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Reminding.B. Expressing.C. Ignring.D. Escaping.
14. What can we learn frm Paragraph 4?
A. Overplanning will cause argument.
B. Bnir supprts verplanning wrds.
C. Argument will disappear by listening.
D. Many experts suggest planning wrds.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Gd qualities f a true friend
B. Great pwer f cmmunicatin
C. Effective ways t reduce tensin
D. Talking t slve friendship prblems
E
Mr. Pagan is watching a vide f a plar bear swimming after a seal. The seal escapes! The bear meets anther bear. They sniff at each ther and then g separate ways. What makes this vide s unusual is that it’s frm the pint f view f the plar bear. A camera was previusly (先前) put arund the bear’s neck by Mr. Pagan’s research team with the aim t find ut what plar bears will need t survive in their changing habitat.
Accrding t the scientists, plar bears are endangered because f Earth’s warming climate, which is shrinking the ice pack that flats n the Arctic Ocean. The ice pack ges thrugh a yearly cycle. In the fall and winter, the ice pack grws suthward, extending tward Nrth America, Asia, and Eurpe. By the ending f winter, the ice pack lies ver shallwer waters near land, where seals live. The plar bears hunt alng the edge f that ice, eating seals in the spring and early summer befre the ice ver shallw waters melts. It’s hw the bears fatten up fr the next winter.
In the past few decades, the ice pack has started t grw later in the fall. As a result, it isn’t as thick and starts t melt and break up earlier in the spring. That gives the bears less sea ice fr hunting and frces sme f them t swim farther t mve between land and ice habitats. Studies shw that, in places where the ice has been breaking up earlier fr decades, the number f bears is ging dwn, and their verall health is getting wrse. Scientists want t knw if bears are still finding enugh t eat and hw far they have t travel, r swim, t find fd.
Using the GPS cllars, the researchers cnfirmed (证实) that sme bears are swimming lng distances. Of 52 bears, 20 tk a ttal f 50 lng-distance swims, each ne a jurney f mre than 30 miles. Are the lng-distance travels harming their chances fr survival? If plar bears are ging t survive in the warming Arctic, humans may need t act right nw. With the wrk f scientists like Mr. Pagan, a ray f hpe will finally cut pen the darkness.
16. What might be the prfessin f Mr. Pagan?
A. A climate expert. B. An animal scientist.
C. A GPS engineer. D. An ice bserver.
17. Why is the vide prfessinal accrding t the passage?
A. It is made by prfessinal animal researchers.
B. Its aim t trace bear behavirs in Nrth Ple.
C. It is filmed by a camera attached t a plar bear.
D. It uses hi-tech GPS t study plar bears’ habitats.
18. Which is the factr endangering plar bears’ lives?
A. The shrinking shallw waters.
B. The decreasing number f seals.
C. The lng-distance travels fr habitats.
D. The changed yearly cycle f ice packs.
19. What might be the authr’s attitude tward Mr. Pagan’s researcher?
A. psitiveB. dubtfulC. disapprvalD. critical
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Final exams and big semester-end papers are amng the mst challenging aspects f the cllege experience. ___20____. The fllwing study tips can help reduce yur stress and increase the grade pint average.
Cllabrate with study partners
Yur peers might be encuntering the same academic challenges as yu. ___21____. Then yu can g ver material tgether, brainstrm, and t supprt each ther thrugh challenges. Having ther peple t study with means yu can explain the material t ne anther, quiz each ther, and build a netwrk yu can rely n thrughut the rest f the class and beynd.
Take breaks
The brain can nly absrb s much infrmatin at a time. Accrding t the Natinal Institutes f Health, research has shwn that taking breaks in between study sessins bsts retentin (记忆). 22 . Make sure that yu are allwing enugh time, relaxatin, and sleep between study sessins s yur brain will be refreshed and ready t accept new infrmatin.
___23_____
Studying can be mentally and emtinally exhausting and maintaining yur drive can be challenging. Studies have shwn that giving yurself a gift during yur wrk can increase the enjyment and interest in a given task. They have als shwn small, frequent gifts can sustain yur drive better than a single ne in the end. Next time yu finish a challenging study sessin, treat yurself t an episde f yur favrite shw.
Read and review cnsistently
Accrding t the Ebbinghaus Frgetting Curve principle, we frget 75% f what we have learned within 24 hurs. Ging ver new ideas a day after class will help increase retentin and cmprehensin. 24 . Break chapters int sectins and review the material at the end f each befre mving n. Make ntes by summarizing the critical aspects f the reading s yu can easily review them withut having t reread entire chapters.
Pace yurself
Reward yurself
Cllabrating with partners can enhance yur learning
S, yu can make time each evening fr a quick review
Yu can reach ut t them t frm effective study grups
There is s much t learn and remember as yu head int finals
Rests enable ur brains t prcess and stre practiced infrmatin.
第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分45分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fr mst f us, running a marathn is hard enugh. Spanish athlete Eric Dming Rldan is a man wh did nt think running a marathn was enugh f a ____25____. Instead, n Nvember 8, 2021, he attempted t ____26___ his mum in the Barcelna Marathn.
Cmpleting the race was nt ____27___fr him. T make things even____28___ , he wanted t break the wrld recrd fr “the fastest marathner pushing a wheelchair (轮椅)”. Such a ____29___ was difficult t achieve, but Eric had a special ____30___. He wanted t develp ____31___ and educate peple abut multiple sclersis (多发性硬化症), the disease his mther had dealt with fr mre than 17 years.
Their first attempt was ____32___in the Seville Marathn back in 2020. But instead f ____33___, they trained harder and Eric prmised t ____34___ in 2021. The cnditins were ____35___this time. Eric was in his hme city, s he made a strng ____36___. Then he hit halfway in 1 hur 26 minutes, well n track fr the recrd. “I was feeling ____37___ frm the first kilmeter until the last, as my mum never stpped ____38___and supprting ther runners, and that was the best part f running tgether,” he shared. “T crss that line meant we did what we ____39___after ging thrugh the hardest time f ur lives.”
25．A．benefitB．chanceC．riskD．challenge
26．A．amazeB．pushC．hnrD．respect
27．A．pssibleB．imprtantC．enughD．helpful
28．A．harderB．wrseC．clearerD．faster
29．A．standardB．psitinC．purpseD．gal
30．A．prblemB．reasnC．resultD．persnality
31．A．fitnessB．fairnessC．awarenessD．business
32．A．unsuccessfulB．incmpleteC．unnecessaryD．impracticable
33．A．standing byB．carrying nC．falling behindD．giving up
34．A．recverB．returnC．relieveD．reply
35．A．similarB．difficultC．favurableD．unknwn
36．A．startB．changeC．decisinD．cnnectin
37．A．nervusB．cncernedC．calmD．happy
38．A．askingB．cheeringC．passingD．reminding
39．A．neededB．likedC．prmisedD．suggested
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A shrt sft brush cnnected t a lng hard handle—a simple Chinese writing brush can describe the mst cmplicated idea.
Perhaps the writing brush is ne f the few tls 40.____________ (invent) by humans that is s practical yet s rich in symblic meanings ver 41._____________ (century). It nt nly expressed cmmn peple’s feelings, but als recrded histry and created the mst refined art and literature f this culture, greatly 42._______________ (influence) the develpment path f Chinese civilizatin. The writing brush is nt nly a representative f Chinese culture, but als the 43._____________(create) f Chinese culture.
Meng Tian, a great general f the Qin state, has lng been cnsidered 44.__________ the frefather f the writing brush. Legend has it that ne day he was ut hunting. He saw that the tail f 45._________ unlucky rabbit had left a trail f bld n the grund, 46.____________ inspired him t make the first Chinese writing brush in histry.
47.__________(actual), the histry f the Chinese brush dates back at least 6,000 years. Archaelgical evidence(考古证据) shws that mre than 6,000 years ag, peple living in the Banp site, 10 kilmeters east f tday’s Xi’an, Shaanxi prvince, 48.__________ (use) brushes t draw patterns and lines.
Hwever, in the late 20th century, with the widespread adptin f mdern pens, writing brushes began t lse their lng-standing imprtance. In an effrt 49.___________(prtect) this ancient craft, the craftmanship f making the Huzhu writing brushes—Hu Brush was listed in the first batch f natinal intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) in 2006.
第三节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
根据句意，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
50. As ______________(previus) mentined, we will have a meeting next Mnday.
51. We are cnfident in ur _______________(expect) f a full recvery.
52. When prblems ___________(arise), she respnded with her characteristic: “N prblem, I can handle it.”
53. She has had a number f different jbs, __________(range) frm chef t swimming instructr.
54. If yu can’t be there _______persn, the next best thing is watching the match n TV.
55. If yu dn’t receive any update within six mnths, it means that yur ______________(apply) has nt been successful.
56. The car gt stuck in the __________(mud) grund.
57. She __________(seek) her children, but they were nwhere t be fund.
58. Even where parents n lnger live tgether, they each cntinue t be respnsible _______their children.
59. _____________(achieve) all I want, I must use my time well.
60. Peple ___________(addict) t the web ften becme inactive in real life.
61. Having aged relatives t stay in yur huse can be quite ______________(stress).
62. Peple in Ethipian highlands have adapted t ____________(live) at high altitudes.
63. I’m sure that yu have the _______________(cmpetent) in finishing this task.
64. Peple ________live in the cuntry say that city life is stressful because f all the nise and traffic, but I like being in the middle f things.
第三部分 应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter今年刚刚升入高中，不知道自己是否该参加学校的篮球队，发邮件向你求助。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 给出建议；2. 说明理由。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely
Li Hua
2024-2025学年叶县高中高一9月月考
英语试题答案
A
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是哈佛的4个学生组织的相关情况。
1．细节理解题。根据Chinese Cultural Card Games Club部分的“The Chinese Cultural Card (games) Club—knwn as CCCC—serves as a fun way fr students t gain an appreciatin f Chinese culture as well as imprve their analytical thinking, memry, and cncentratin thrugh Chinese card games.(The Chinese Cultural Card (games) Club，简称CCCC，是一个让学生通过中国纸牌游戏了解中国文化、提高分析思维、记忆力和注意力的有趣方式。)”可知，Chinese Cultural Card Games Club最适合想要提高分析思维的学生，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Fall Clean-Up部分的“Fall Clean-up is designed t prvide new students with additinal supprt and resurces (资源) t make it easy t get used t cllege life by cnnecting first-year students with peer leaders, schlmates, and helpful Harvard resurces.(Fall Clean-up旨在为新生提供额外的支持和资源，通过将大一新生与同行领导、同学和有用的哈佛资源联系起来，使他们更容易适应大学生活。)”可知，Fall Clean-Up的目的是帮助学生适应大学生活。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段的“We have a variety f student rganizatins fcused n everything frm plitics and phtgraphy t dance and debate. Whatever yur interests, yu can explre them at Harvard. These are just fur f the ttal 451 rganizatins.(我们有各种各样的学生组织，从政治、摄影到舞蹈和辩论。无论你的兴趣是什么，你都可以在哈佛探索它们。这只是451个组织中的4个。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是哈佛的4个学生组织的相关情况，结合每个组织下提供的邮箱地址，因此本文可能来自于学校的网站。故选D。
B
4．B 5．A 6．D 7．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者毕业后来到一所小学校当老师的经历，改变了很多经常因为一些原因而不去学校学习的状况，教会孩子除了学习以外的事情，教会孩子们生活，作者相信孩子们以后会成为对世界有影响的人。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“That first day f schl as a 19-year-ld female teacher was a frightening experience. It was ne thing t have graduated as a successful student; it was anther thing t face a classrm f little faces that were waiting fr the ‘new teacher.’(作为一名19岁的女教师，上学的第一天是一段可怕的经历。作为一名成功的学生毕业是一回事；面对一群等待‘新老师’的小脸是另一回事) ”可知，作者第一天当老师感到害怕，是因为作者面临的情况和自己当学生时完全不同。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“There were tw drs fr entrance in my schl, ne fr the girls, ne fr the bys and just inside each dr was a chemical tilet — n utdr facilities fr us! The heat in the building was a wd-burning furnace (火炉) dwn in the basement.(我的学校有两扇门，一扇给女生，一扇给男生，每扇门里面都有一个化学厕所——我们没有室外设施！大楼里的暖气来自地下室的一个烧木头的炉子)”可知，学校没有户外设备，暖气来自烧木头的炉子，由此推知学校里的设施比较落后。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“What I fund mst difficult was that a parent might take a child ut f schl fr any reasn.(我发现最困难的是父母可能会以任何理由让孩子离开学校)”可知，让作者最头疼的是一些父母忽视孩子的教育。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据第五段“In the classrm, the lder students helped the yunger nes with learning, as well as with putting n cats and hats. If smene’s lunch was frgtten, everyne shared a bit f their fd. We were a family. We had gd times and bad times, but we kept learning. Far beynd maths, scial studies, reading, grammar and writing, we learned hw t get alng with each ther.(在教室里，年长的学生帮助年幼的学生学习，以及穿上外套和帽子。如果某人的午餐被忘记了，每个人都会分享一点他们的食物。我们是一家人。我们有过快乐的时光，也有过痛苦的时光，但我们一直在学习。除了数学、社会研究、阅读、语法和写作，我们还学会了如何与他人相处)”可知，他们彼此相互关心。故选A。
C
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述园艺活动有利于身体健康并分析了原因。
8.推理判断题。根据第二段““Activities such as digging, planting, weeding and harvesting require mvement and can help t imprve strength,” said Claytn, CEO f an nline lawn care cmpany. “Perfrming these activities regularly can help burn calries, and keep a healthy weight.”(“像挖土，种植和收割这样的活动需要运动并能帮助我们改善体力” Claytn，一家网上草坪护理公司的CEO说，“经常进行这些活动可以帮助燃烧卡路里，保持一个健康的体重”)”可知，Claytn对园艺活动持支持的态度。故选A。
9.主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“Beynd burning calries and building muscle, lts f studies have shwn that gardening can imprve the immune system(除了燃烧卡路里和锻炼肌肉，很多研究表明园艺看改善免疫系统)”以及第三句“Ding garden wrk fr that time each week can reduce the risk f besity, high bld pressure and heart disease.(每周做150分钟的园艺工作能够减少患肥胖，高血压以及心脏病的风险)”可知，本段主要讲园艺活动有助于降低患病的风险。故选D。
10.细节理解题。根据第四段“Gardening prvides a chance fr scial cnnectin, t. It can be a shared activity amng family members, friends r neighbrs, building relatinships and a sense f belnging.(园艺也为社会联系提供了机会。它可以是家庭成员，朋友或邻居之间的共同活动，从而建立关系和归属感)”可知，园艺活动对社交的影响是它可以建立人们间的关系。故选C。
11. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Spending time utdrs has lng been linked (联系) t better health.Gardening ges beynd just beautifying utdr spaces—it can have a deep effect n ur physical and mental (身心上的) health.(长期以来，人们一直认为户外活动有利于身体健康。园艺不仅仅是美化室外空间——它还对我们的身心健康产生很深的影响)”可知，文章主要讲述进行园艺活动有利于身心健康，所以文章的标题“开始园艺，并获得健康的好处”。故选D。
D
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了如何与朋友进行困难的对话，包括如何表达自己的感受、如何保持冷静、如何倾听对方的观点以及如何保持耐心。
12. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Staying calm is f great imprtance. Being in tensin might lead yu t act badly and cause an argument.(保持冷静是很重要的。紧张可能会导致你行为不端，引发争吵。)”可知，保持冷静可以避免引发争吵。故选A。
13.词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“Saying “I feel hurt that yu spend less time with me” is better than “Yu never spend time with me!” .(说“你和我在一起的时间少了，我觉得很伤心”比“你从来没有和我在一起”好。)”可知，心理学家Andrea Bnir建议在向对方“陈述”问题时，应该用“我”来说明问题。选项A“Reminding (提醒)”；选项B“Expressing (表达)”；选项C“Ignring (忽视)”；选项D“Escaping (逃避)”。故选B。
14.推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Listening t the ther persn and asking questins can lwer the ptential fr disagreement. Many experts recmmend planning yur wrds, s that yu can say things in a way that avids disagreement. Hwever, Bnir is against verplanning as this can stp yu being flexible enugh t sincerely fllw and jin in the discussin.(倾听他人并提出问题可以降低产生分歧的可能性。许多专家建议规划你的措辞，这样你就可以用一种避免分歧的方式说话。然而，Bnir反对过度规划，因为这可能会阻止你足够灵活地跟随并加入讨论。)”可知，许多专家建议规划你的措辞。故选D。
15.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Smetimes ur friends’ behaviur can make us angry; smetimes we can see changes they need t make – but hw d we tell them? Are there any ways t make difficult cnversatins easier?(有时朋友的行为会让我们生气；有时我们可以看到他们需要做出的改变——但我们如何告诉他们？有没有什么方法可以让困难的对话变得更容易？)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是如何让困难的对话变得更容易，从而解决友谊的问题。故选D。
E
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. D 19. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了动物学家Pagan的研究团队在北极熊的脖子上挂了一架相机，目的是找出北极熊在不断变化的栖息地生存需要什么。文章介绍了导致北极熊濒临灭绝的原因以及这项研究的发现。
16.推理判断题。根据第一段中“A camera was previusly(先前) put arund the bear’s neck by Mr. Pagan’s research team with the aim t find ut what plar bears will need t survive in their changing habitat.(Pagan的研究团队之前在北极熊的脖子上挂了一架相机，目的是找出北极熊在不断变化的栖息地生存需要什么)”以及最后一段中“With the wrk f scientists like Mr. Pagan, a ray f hpe will finally cut pen the darkness.(在像Pagan这样的科学家的努力下，一线曙光终于将揭开黑暗的面纱)”可推知，Pagan是动物学家。故选B。
17.细节理解题。根据第一段中“What makes this vide s unusual is that it’s frm the pint f view f the plar bear. A camera was previusly(先前) put arund the bear’s neck by Mr. Pagan’s research team…(这个视频之所以与众不同是因为它是从北极熊的角度拍摄的。Pagan的研究团队之前在北极熊的脖子上挂了一架相机……)”可知，这个视频的特殊之处在于它是由一只北极熊身上的摄像机拍摄的。故选C。
18.细节理解题。根据第三段“In the past few decades, the ice pack has started t grw later in the fall. As a result, it isn’t as thick and starts t melt and break up earlier in the spring. That gives the bears less sea ice fr hunting and frces sme f them t swim farther t mve between land and ice habitats. Studies shw that, in places where the ice has been breaking up earlier fr decades, the number f bears is ging dwn, and their verall health is getting wrse.(在过去的几十年里，浮冰在秋天后期开始扩张。因此，它没有那么厚，在春天开始融化和破裂的时间更早。这使得北极熊捕猎的海冰减少，迫使其中一些北极熊在陆地和冰面栖息地之间游得更远。研究表明，在那些冰层早在几十年前就破裂的地方，熊的数量正在减少，它们的整体健康状况也在恶化)”可知，浮冰每年变化的周期让北极熊濒临灭绝。故选D。
19.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With the wrk f scientists like Mr. Pagan, a ray f hpe will finally cut pen the darkness.(在像Pagan这样的科学家的努力下，一线曙光终于将揭开黑暗的面纱)”可推知，作者对于Mr. Pagan团队的研究持积极态度。故选A。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
20．F 21．E 22．G 23．B 24．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条有助于减少压力和提高平均成绩的学习技巧。
20．上文“Final exams and big semester-end papers are amng the mst challenging aspects f the cllege experience.(期末考试和期末论文是大学生活中最具挑战性的部分)”提到大学期末面临的挑战，F选项“There is s much t learn and remember as yu head int finals.(当你进入期末考试时，有太多需要学习和记忆的内容)”承接了上文，进一步说明大学期末面临的挑战内容，同时为下文“The fllwing study tips can help reduce yur stress and increase the grade pint average.(下面的学习技巧可以帮助你减轻压力，提高平均成绩)”引入学习技巧做出铺垫，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
21．上文“Yur peers might be encuntering the same academic challenges as yu.(你的同龄人可能会遇到和你一样的学术挑战)”说明面临学术挑战的还有其它人，E选项“Yu can reach ut t them t frm effective study grups.(你可以联系他们组成有效的学习小组)”紧承上文，提出应对方法：与其它人组成学习小组。同时，下文“Then yu can g ver material tgether, brainstrm, and supprt each ther thrugh challenges.(然后你们可以一起复习材料，进行头脑风暴，并在挑战中相互支持)”进一步说明了组成学习小组的作用。故选E项。
22．上文“Accrding t the Natinal Institutes f Health, research has shwn that taking breaks in between study sessins bsts retentin.(根据美国国立卫生研究院的研究，在学习间歇休息可以提高记忆力)”介绍研究表明在学习之间休息可以提高记忆力，G选项“Rests enable ur brains t prcess and stre practiced infrmatin.(休息使我们的大脑能够处理和存储练习过的信息)”紧承上文，解释了休息可以提高记忆力的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
23．空处位于段首，是段落主题句。根据下文“Studying can be mentally and emtinally exhausting and maintaining yur drive can be challenging. Studies have shwn that giving yurself a gift during yur wrk can increase the enjyment and interest in a given task. They have als shwn small, frequent gifts can sustain yur drive better than a single ne in the end. (学习可能会让你在精神上和情感上都很疲惫，保持你的动力是很有挑战性的。研究表明，在工作期间送自己一份礼物可以增加工作的乐趣和兴趣。他们还表明，小而频繁的礼物最终比单一的礼物更能维持你的动力)”可知，本段主要建议要给自己奖励。故B选项“Reward yurself(奖励自己)”能概括本段主旨，符合语境。故选B项。
24．上文“Ging ver new ideas a day after class will help increase retentin and cmprehensin.(课后每天复习一遍新思想有助于提高记忆和理解能力)”提出课后复习有助于提高记忆力和理解力，D选项“S, yu can make time each evening fr a quick review.(所以，你可以每天晚上抽出时间快速复习)”紧承上文，给出了具体的复习建议：每天晚上抽出时间复习，与本段主题一致。故选D项。
第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分45分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
25-29．DBCAD 30-34．BCADB 35-39．CADBC
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了西班牙运动员埃里克·多明戈·罗尔丹在巴塞罗那马拉松中推着患多发性硬化症的母亲刷新世界纪录的故事。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我们大多数人来说，跑马拉松已经够难了。西班牙运动员埃里克·多明戈·罗尔丹并不认为跑马拉松是一项足够的挑战。A. benefit好处；B. chance机会；C. risk风险；D. challenge挑战。根据前文“running a marathn is hard enugh”可知，此处指跑马拉松已经是一项挑战了，但埃里克认为这还不够。故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，在2021年11月8日，他试图在巴塞罗那马拉松比赛中推着妈妈跑。A. amaze使惊奇；B. push推；C. hnr尊敬；D. respect尊重。根据后文“he wanted t break the wrld recrd fr “the fastest marathner pushing a wheelchair””可知，此处指埃里克在马拉松比赛中推着轮椅，也就是推着坐在轮椅上的母亲。故选B。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：完成比赛对他来说并不够。A. pssible可能的；B. imprtant重要的；C. enugh足够的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据后文“he wanted t break the wrld recrd fr “the fastest marathner pushing a wheelchair””可知，埃里克的目标不仅仅是完成比赛，而是要打破世界纪录，所以完成比赛对他来说并不够。故选C。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：为了使事情变得更加困难，他还希望打破“推着轮椅跑得最快的马拉松运动员”的世界纪录。A. harder更难的；B. wrse更糟糕的；C. clearer更清楚的；D. faster更快的。根据前文“Cmpleting the race was nt 3 fr him”及后文“he wanted t break the wrld recrd fr “the fastest marathner pushing a wheelchair””可知，埃里克的目标更高，他想增加难度。故选A。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的目标很难实现，但埃里克有一个特殊的原因。A. standard标准；B. psitin位置；C. purpse目的；D. gal目标。根据前文“he wanted t break the wrld recrd”可知，此处指埃里克想要实现的目标。故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的目标很难实现，但埃里克有一个特殊的原因。A. prblem问题；B. reasn原因；C. result结果；D. persnality个性。根据后文“He wanted t develp 7 and educate peple abut multiple sclersis”可知，埃里克有想要实现这个目标的特殊原因。故选B。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他想提高人们对多发性硬化症的认识，并教育人们了解这种疾病，他的母亲已经与之抗争了17年多。A. fitness健康；B. fairness公平；C. awareness意识；D. business商业。根据后文“educate peple abut multiple sclersis”可知，埃里克想要提高人们对多发性硬化症的认识。故选C。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的第一次尝试是在2020年的塞维利亚马拉松比赛中不成功的。A. unsuccessful不成功的；B. incmplete不完整的；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. impracticable不切实际的。根据后文“But instead f 9 , they trained harder”可知，他们训练得更刻苦，可以推测他们第一次尝试没有成功。故选A。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但他们没有放弃，反而更加努力训练，埃里克承诺在2021年重返赛场。A. standing by站在一边，旁观；B. carrying n继续；C. falling behind落后；D. giving up放弃。根据后文“they trained harder”可知，他们没有放弃，而是继续努力。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们没有放弃，反而更加努力训练，埃里克承诺在2021年重返赛场。A. recver恢复；B. return返回；C. relieve缓解；D. reply回复。根据前文“they trained harder and Eric prmised t”可知，埃里克承诺在2021年重返赛场。故选B。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次的条件是有利的。A. similar相似的；B. difficult困难的；C. favurable有利的；D. unknwn未知的。根据后文“Eric was in his hme city”可知，埃里克在自己的家乡比赛，所以条件是有利的。故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃里克在自己的家乡，所以他做出了一个强有力的开始。A. start开始；B. change改变；C. decisin决定；D. cnnectin联系。根据后文“Then he hit halfway in 1 hur 26 minutes”可知，埃里克在比赛中做出了一个强有力的开始。故选A。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“从第一公里到最后一公里，我都感觉很高兴，因为我妈妈从未停止过欢呼和支持其他跑步者，这是我们一起跑步最美好的部分，”他分享道。A. nervus紧张的；B. cncerned关心的；C. calm冷静的；D. happy高兴的。根据后文“as my mum never stpped 14 and supprting ther runners, and that was the best part f running tgether”可知，母亲的支持使埃里克在比赛中感觉很高兴。故选D。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“从第一公里到最后一公里，我都感觉很高兴，因为我妈妈从未停止过欢呼和支持其他跑步者，这是我们一起跑步最美好的部分，”他分享道。A. asking问；B. cheering欢呼；C. passing经过；D. reminding提醒。根据后文“supprting ther runners”可知，此处指埃里克的妈妈在比赛中为其他跑步者欢呼。故选B。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：跨过那条线意味着我们在经历人生中最艰难的时刻后，做了我们承诺要做的事。A. needed需要；B. liked喜欢；C. prmised承诺；D. suggested建议。根据前文“Eric prmised t return in 2021”可知，此处指埃里克完成了自己承诺要做的事。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
40.invented 41．centuries 42．influencing 43．creatr 44．as 45．an 46．which 47．Actually 48．used 49. t prtect
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了毛笔的意义、起源以及对毛笔制作技艺的保护。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：也许毛笔是人类发明的为数不多的工具之一，几个世纪以来，它既实用又具有丰富的象征意义。is为be动词，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语the few tls和invent之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填invented。
41．考查名词的数。句意参考上题。century意为“世纪”，为可数名词。空前没有限定词修饰，这里表示几个世纪以来，应用名词复数。ver centuries意为“几个世纪以来”。故填centuries。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：它不仅表达了普通人的感情，而且记录了历史，创造了这种文化中最精致的艺术和文学，极大地影响了中华文明的发展道路。nt als...连接了并列的谓语结构，而后面的greatly influence the develpment path f Chinese civilizatin与前面没有连词连接，且这里表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填influencing。
43．考查名词。句意：毛笔不仅是中国文化的代表，也是中国文化的创造者。根据空前的the和空后的f Chinese culture可知，毛笔具有书写功能，这里指毛笔是中国文化的创造者，creatr意为“创造者”，为可数名词。这里表示特指，应用名词单数。故填creatr。
44．考查介词。句意：蒙恬是秦国的大将军，长期以来被认为是毛笔的始祖。意为“认为……是……”，为固定搭配，这里是其被动表达。故填as。
45．考查冠词。句意：他看到一只倒霉兔子的尾巴在地上留下了血迹，这启发了他制作历史上第一支中国毛笔。根据空后的unlucky rabbit可知，这里泛指一只倒霉的兔子，且unlucky的发音以元音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词an。故填an。
46．考查定语从句。句意参考上题。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的句子，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。
47．考查副词。句意：事实上，中国毛笔的历史至少可以追溯到6000年前。空处应用副词，修饰整个句子。actually意为“实际上”。故填Actually。
48．考查动词时态。句意：考古证据表明，6000多年前，居住在今天陕西西安以东10公里的半坡遗址的人们用毛刷绘制图案和线条。在that引导的宾语从句中，主语为peple，空处为谓语。结合时间状语“mre than 6,000 years ag”可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填used。
49．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护这一古老的工艺，湖州毛笔的制作工艺——湖笔于2006年被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产。an effrt t d...意为“做……的努力”，不定式作后置定语。故填t prtect。
第三节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
50.previusly 51. expectatin 52. arse 53.ranging 54.in
55. applicatin 56. muddy 57. sught 58. fr 59. T achieve
60. addicted 61. stressful 62. living 63. cmpetence 64. wh/that
第三部分 应用文写作（满分15分）
One pssible versin:
Dear Peter,
Thanks fr yur email. I’m happy t give yu my suggestins fr jining yur schl basketball team.
I think yu shuld jin the team as yu are gd at playing basketball. Jining a team nt nly can prvide yu an pprtunity t make new friends, which will give yu a lt mre pride in yur schl, but als help yu stay healthy and energetic bth physically and mentally. What’s mre, it’s nice t have a break frm studying after a lng schl day.
I really hpe yu will enjy yur high schl life.
Yurs,
Li Hua