山西省孝义市2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份山西省孝义市2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版），共17页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It’s pssible t enjy splendid views when traveling by air, especially during takeff and landing. But there’s ften nt much t see when yu’re at 39,000 feet. That’s ne reasn why train travel has lng been ne f the mst ppular ways t see the wrld. The fllwing are fur f the mst scenic train rides n Earth.
Sri Lanka Railways in Sri Lanka
“The ride between Kandy and Ella takes yu past clrful villages, rlling hills, tea plantatins and mre,” said travel writer Lri Zain. “It’s a whle cultural experience — lcals in my car were singing and clapping the entire time.” the seven-hur ride is a great way t explre the Sri Lankan cuntryside. Just be sure t chse a secnd-class seat s yu can lk ut the windw and enjy the view.
Pilatus Luzern in Switzerland
Bk any train in Switzerland, and yu’ll prbably enjy uninterrupted views f the Alps, beautiful alpine villages and glass-like lakes. But fr smething a bit mre adventurus, head t Alpnachstad t ride the Pilatus Luzern, which is the steepest cg railway in the wrld — climbing t an angle just shy f 45 degrees, thugh the jurney nly lasts abut 30minutes.
Jacbite Steam Train in Sctland
“Abard the Jacbite Steam Train, which played the rle f the Hgwarts Express in the “Harry Ptter” mvies, passengers feel like they’re n their way t Hgwarts,” Canadian travel writer Jhanna Read said. “Starting at the base f Sctland’s highest muntain, Ben Nevis, the train passes by Sctland’s mrs (旷野) and lakes and then slws fr phts as it crsses the 21 arches f the curved (弯曲的) Glen finnan Viaduct als featured in the mvies.”
Denali Star in Alaska
Discver the Alaskan wilderness by rail with a ride n the Denali Star. Only available in the summer seasn, the Denali Star is a 12-hur, 356-mile jurney that passes the Knik River, the Healy Canyn and hundreds f feet ver Hurricane Gulch.
1. What can we learn abut the trains in Switzerland?
A. They feature an air f jy.
B. Nne f them is attractive t adventurus passengers.
C. Any f them is likely t ffer uninterrupted views f the Alps.
D. Cmpared with the ther three, they have the shrtest travel time.
2. What is special abut the Jacbite Steam Train?
A. It passes by lakes.B. It has appeared in films.
C. It ffers a variety f landscapes.D. Its secnd-class seats are ppular.
3. What d these train rides have in cmmn?
A. They cver lng distances.B. They pass thrugh muntains.
C. They ffer impressive scenery.D. They are beneficial fr cultural cmmunicatin.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。介绍地球上四条最具观赏性的火车旅行路线，包括斯里兰卡、瑞士、苏格兰及阿拉斯加的特色火车及沿途风景。
【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Pilatus Luzern in Switzerland部分中“Bk any train in Switzerland, and yu’ll prbably enjy uninterrupted views f the Alps, beautiful alpine villages and glass-like lakes.(在瑞士预订任何一列火车，你可能会欣赏到阿尔卑斯山、美丽的高山村庄和如玻璃般的湖泊的不间断景色)”可知，在瑞士，任何一列火车都可能提供阿尔卑斯山不间断的景色。故选C。
【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Jacbite Steam Train in Sctland部分中“Abard the Jacbite Steam Train, which played the rle f the Hgwarts Express in the ‘Harry Ptter’ mvies, passengers feel like they’re n their way t Hgwarts(乘坐曾在《哈利・波特》系列电影中扮演霍格沃茨特快列车角色的雅各布蒸汽火车，乘客们感觉自己仿佛正前往霍格沃茨)”可知，雅各布蒸汽火车的特别之处在于它在电影中出现过。故选B。
【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“That’s ne reasn why train travel has lng been ne f the mst ppular ways t see the wrld. The fllwing are fur f the mst scenic train rides n Earth.(这就是为什么火车旅行长期以来一直是看世界最受欢迎的方式之一的原因。以下是地球上四条最风景优美的火车之旅)”以及对四列火车的描述Sri Lanka Railways in Sri Lanka中“The ride between Kandy and Ella takes yu past clrful villages, rlling hills, tea plantatins and mre(康提和埃拉之间的旅程会带你经过色彩斑斓的村庄、起伏的山丘、茶园等等)”；Pilatus Luzern in Switzerland中“Bk any train in Switzerland, and yu’ll prbably enjy uninterrupted views f the Alps, beautiful alpine villages and glass-like lakes.(在瑞士预订任何一列火车，您都可能会欣赏到阿尔卑斯山、美丽的高山村庄和玻璃般的湖泊的美景)”；Jacbite Steam Train in Sctland中“the train passes by Sctland’s mrs (旷野) and lakes and then slws fr phts as it crsses the 21 arches f the curved (弯曲的) Glen finnan Viaduct als featured in the mvies.(火车经过苏格兰的旷野和湖泊，然后在穿过电影中也出现过的弯曲的格伦芬南高架桥的21个拱门时减速以便拍照)”；Denali Star in Alaska中“the Denali Star is a 12-hur, 356-mile jurney that passes the Knik River, the Healy Canyn and hundreds f feet ver Hurricane Gulch.(迪纳利之星是一段12小时、356英里的旅程，经过尼克河、希利峡谷，并在飓风峡谷上方数百英尺处行驶)”可知，这些火车之旅的共同之处是它们都提供令人印象深刻的风景。故选C。
B
The envirnment where children are raised primarily influences the kind f individuals they grw up t be. That’s why kids need t be brught up in a supprtive and lving hme. Unfrtunately, nt every kid is lucky enugh t have this experience.
This 15-year-ld by frm Nashville, Tennessee, named Andrew can relate t this situatin all t well. The child has been in state custdy (监护) since he was 6 years ld. Five years ag, Dminique Gill and her husband, Kevin Gill, pened their hme t Andrew and decided t becme his fster parents (养父母). The by was 10 at the time, and understandably, it tk him a while t adjust t his new envirnment.
“During his first week with us, he sat in his rm with the dr clsed and lked at ld pictures. He didn’t want t talk,” Dminique tld TODAY Parents. He wuld als “scream and behave badly” t try t push them away. But Dminique and Kevin refused t give up n him. Eventually, Andrew learned t cntrl his emtins and has als develped a tight bnd with their sn, Jc. When the Gill family asked Andrew if he wanted t be a permanent part f their family, he said yes, and he was fficially adpted in March 2025.
Initially, the Gills had n plan f adpting when they began fstering. All they wanted t d was help as many neglected children as they culd. Hwever, when Andrew’s secnd adptin failed, they tk it as a sign that he was meant t be with their family frever.
Nw that Andrew is fficially a Gill, things have been ging really well fr the family. Hwever, Dminique can’t help but ntice the stares they get whenever they’re ut in public, because Andrew’s white and they’re black.
Race has never been an issue with Andrew r his adptive family. He checked the “n preference” bx when he was asked abut his race preference fr his fster parents. “Lve desn’t have a clr. Andrew is ur sn just like Jc is ur sn,” Dminique said. “He’s a part f us.”
Indeed, true lve desn’t discriminate; it nly accepts!
4. What des the underlined part “neglected children” in paragraph 4 refer t?
A. Children unwilling t talk.
B. Children hard t cntrl their emtins.
C. Children nt receiving enugh care r attentin.
D. Children hard t adjust t new envirnments.
5. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Dminique and Kevin?
A. Patient and caring.B. Brave and supprtive.
C. Generus and mdest.D. Respected and cnsiderate.
6. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Andrew has lived in three fster families in ttal.
B. Shrtly after being adpted, Andrew behaved badly.
C. Because f Andrew’s skin clr, the Gills were unwilling t adpt him.
D. While chsing fster parents, Andrew didn’t take race int cnsideratin.
7. What’s the message f this stry?
A. Race means nthing.B. Everyne is brn equal.
C. Lve can melt everything.D. Envirnment where ne grws matters.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了田纳西州15岁男孩安德鲁曾被国家监护，多米尼克夫妇收养他，用爱让他融入家庭，体现真爱无种族和偏见。
【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“The envirnment where children are raised primarily influences the kind f individuals they grw up t be. That’s why kids need t be brught up in a supprtive and lving hme. Unfrtunately, nt every kid is lucky enugh t have this experience.(孩子们成长的环境主要影响他们成长为什么样的人。这就是为什么孩子们需要在一个充满支持和爱的家庭中长大。不幸的是，并不是每个孩子都有这样的经历)”，第二段“The child has been in state custdy (监护) since he was 6 years ld.(这个孩子从6岁起就由国家监护)”，以及第三段“Hwever, when Andrew’s secnd adptin failed, they tk it as a sign that he was meant t be with their family frever.(然而，当安德鲁的第二次领养未能成功时，他们把这看作是一个征兆，表明安德鲁注定要永远和他们一家在一起)”可知，不是每个孩子都能在充满爱和支持的家庭中长大，以及多米尼克夫妇打算收养安德鲁可知，多米尼克夫妇想帮助那些没有得到足够关爱和照顾的孩子。由此可推知，划线部分neglected children指的是那些没有得到足够关爱和照顾的孩子，即“没有得到足够关心或关注的孩子”。故选C项。
【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“He wuld als “scream and behave badly” t try t push them away. But Dminique and Kevin refused t give up n him. Eventually, Andrew learned t cntrl his emtins and has als develped a tight bnd with their sn, Jc.(他还会“尖叫和表现不好”试图推开他们。但多米尼克和凯文没有放弃他。最终，安德鲁学会了控制自己的情绪，并且和他们的儿子乔克也建立了紧密的联系)”可知，面对安德鲁不好的行为，他们没有放弃，很有耐心，而且想要帮助像安德鲁这样的孩子，说明他们很有爱心，所以用Patient and caring来描述多米尼克和凯文最合适。故选A项。
【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He checked the “n preference” bx when he was asked abut his race preference fr his fster parents. (当被问及对养父母的种族偏好时，他勾选了“无偏好”选项)”可知，在选择养父母时，安德鲁没有考虑种族因素。故选D项。
【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Indeed, true lve desn’t discriminate; it nly accepts!(的确，真爱不歧视；它只接纳！)”以及文章中多米尼克和凯文收养安德鲁，尽管安德鲁一开始表现不好，他们也没有放弃，最终安德鲁融入了家庭，可知本文传递的信息是爱可以融化一切。故选C项。
C
Swimming is a great exercise fr staying healthy. But it can als be a life saving skill and help t keep yu frm drwning. Hwever, in sme bdies f water, swimming might be difficult. On tday’s shw, we talk abut several English expressins that use “swim” t describe different ways t face a situatin—especially danger, difficulty, r any hardship.
Let’s start with swimming in rivers. Let’s say yu jump in a river and swim dwnstream. That means yu are swimming with the current f the water. This makes swimming easier and faster. S, the expressin t swim dwnstream means using the easy way t get smething dne.
Hwever, when yu swim upstream, yu have t fight the flw f the water. In sme rivers r ther bdies f water, swimming upstream is nearly impssible. As an expressin, swimming upstream means yu take a mre difficult path t d smething. Yu make it harder fr yurself. Here’s an example: Dealing with mney is nt my strng suit. In fact, last year I was drwning in debt. Every mnth when bills arrived, I felt like I was swimming upstream. S I went t a financial advisr.
Nw, if yu are swimming in the cean, sea, r ther large bdies f water, yu may be fighting the tide. Swimming against the tide is anther expressin. It means yu are fighting against very pwerful frces. And chances are yu will nt cme ut the winner. Swimming with the tide r current, is much easier. Again, this means yu have taken an easier path.
All f these expressins can be used anther way. They can als mean that yu are ging with r against ppular pinins r viewpints. If yu are swimming with the tide r current r swimming dwnstream, yu act the same way as the majrity f thers. Yu are ging with the flw. That is anther cmmn expressin—t g with the flw. Peple wh g with the flw are easy-ging. They take the ppular path withut prtest.
8. What is the authr?
A. Hst.B. Writer.C. Teacher.D. Linguist.
9. Why des the authr give an example in paragraph 3?
A. T teach readers hw t deal with bills.
B. T describe the feeling f “swim upstream”.
C. T explain the meaning f “swim upstream”.
D. T shw the difficulty f handling financial issues.
10. Which can NOT describe a man wh always agrees with the majrity?
A. Swim upstream.B. G with the flw.
C. Swim dwnstream.D. Swim with the current.
11. What will be discussed in the fllwing paragraph?
A. Imprtance f the wrd “swim”.
B. Examples f the use f “swim” in different ccasins.
C. Errrs peple make while using expressins abut “swim”.
D. Explanatin f “swimming upstream/against the tide (current)”.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍“swim”相关英语表达，如顺流、逆流等游泳相关表达及其在面对情况和表达观点方面的含义。
【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“On tday’s shw, we talk abut several English expressins that use ‘swim’ t describe different ways t face a situatin—especially danger, difficulty, r any hardship.(在今天的节目中，我们将谈论几个用‘swim’来描述面对情况 —— 尤其是危险、困难或任何艰难困苦的不同方式的英语表达)”可知，“shw”表明这是一个节目，所以作者很可能是主持人。故选A。
【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“As an expressin, swimming upstream means yu take a mre difficult path t d smething. Yu make it harder fr yurself. Here’s an example: Dealing with mney is nt my strng suit. In fact, last year I was drwning in debt. Every mnth when bills arrived, I felt like I was swimming upstream. S I went t a financial advisr.(作为一个表达，‘swimming upstream’意味着你采取更困难的方式去做某事。你让自己更艰难。这里有一个例子：处理金钱不是我的强项。事实上，去年我债台高筑。每个月当账单到来时，我感觉就像在逆流而上。所以我去咨询了一位理财顾问)”可知，作者给出这个例子是为了解释“swim upstream”这个表达的意思，即采取更困难的方式做事。故选C。
【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“the expressin t swim dwnstream means using the easy way t get smething dne.(‘swim dwnstream’这个表达意味着用简单的方法完成某事)”，第四段“Swimming with the tide r current, is much easier. Again, this means yu have taken an easier path.(顺流或顺潮游泳要容易得多。这再次意味着你选择了一条更简单的路径)”，第五段“If yu are swimming with the tide r current r swimming dwnstream, yu act the same way as the majrity f thers. Yu are ging with the flw. That is anther cmmn expressin—t g with the flw.(如果你顺流或顺潮游泳，或者是顺流而下游泳，你的行为方式和大多数人一样。你是随波逐流。这是另一个常见的表达 —— 随波逐流)”可知，g with the flw、swim dwnstream和swim with the current都可以表示和大多数人行为一样，随波逐流；而swim upstream意味着采取更困难的方式做事，和大多数人不一样，不能描述总是同意大多数人的人。故选A。
【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了几个用“swim”组成的表达，以及它们的含义，并且在介绍含义的时候举了一些例子。根据文章的逻辑，接下来很可能会继续给出“swim”在不同场合使用的例子，来进一步说明这些表达的用法。故选B。
D
A “superher” mss can significantly reduce the risk and severity f flding fr cmmunities living in dwnstream areas, researchers have fund.
Scientists frm the cnservatin grup Mrs fr the Future Partnership wh cnducted a six-year study int sphagnum mss (泥炭藓) fund that the sphagnum mss planted in upland areas reduced peak stream flw — the maximum amunt f water that enters a river after a strm — by 65%. The mss was als fund t increase lag time — the time taken between rainfall and the rainwater entering the river system — by 680%.
Mre than 50,000 individual sphagnum plants were planted n Kinder Scut, the highest pint in the Peak District Natinal Park, as part f an “utdr labratry” fr researchers t bserve.
Befre the mss was planted n Kinder, the hill surface cnsisted f bare peat, which meant that after a strm rainwater wuld wash straight ff, leaving cmmunities in dwnstream valleys mre vulnerable (易受攻击的) t flding.
The planting f sphagnum mss culd therefre bring imprtant eclgical benefits. The plant is capable f absrbing up t 20 times its wn weight in water, which means that mre rainwater can be held upstream and enter a river catchment (流域) mre gradually t prevent it frm being flded. Sphagnum mss can als help prtect the layers (层) f peat underneath it, and can build up ver time t create new layers f peat which are essential t carbn strage.
Researchers say the benefits f planting sphagnum mss will be intensified ver time as the plant grws, and that mss planting has the ptential t bring glbal benefits in terms f the climate, water quality and fld severity.
Tm Spencer, a research and mnitring fficer fr the Mrs fr the Future Partnership, said the results were “shcking” and applauded the dramatic effects the mss has had n the river catchment. He said sphagnum planting culd be “a pwerful tl in minimizing the risk and severity f flding”, which wuld have “far-reaching benefits fr r cmmunities dwnstream”.
12. Hw was the research cnducted?
A. By referring t the existing database.
B. By bserving the changes in the upland.
C. By ding experiments in real-life situatins.
D. By cmparing the latest research with previus nes.
13. Which may NOT be the benefit brught by Sphagnum Mss?
A. Imprving the water quality.
B. Indirectly helping with carbn strage.
C. Stpping rainwater frm entering the river system.
D. Reducing the risk f flding fr dwnstream areas.
14. What’s Tm Spencer’s attitude twards Sphagnum mss?
A. Critical.B. Unclear.C. Indifferent.D. Supprtive.
15. Which is the best title f this passage?
A. “Superher” mss’ far-reaching benefits
B. Sphagnum mss’ newly-fund advantages
C. “Superher” mss can save cmmunities frm flding
D. Sphagnum mss tgether with peat is perfect fr fld preventin
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。研究发现泥炭藓可显著降低下游地区洪水风险，其在防洪及生态方面具有重要作用 。
【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Mre than 50,000 individual sphagnum plants were planted n Kinder Scut, the highest pint in the Peak District Natinal Park, as part f an ‘utdr labratry’ fr researchers t bserve.(超过5万株单独的泥炭藓植物被种植在峰区国家公园的最高点金德斯科特，作为供研究人员观察的‘户外实验室’的一部分)”可知，研究是通过在现实环境中种植泥炭藓并进行观察来开展的，也就是在现实生活情境中做实验。故选C。
【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“The planting f sphagnum mss culd therefre bring imprtant eclgical benefits. The plant is capable f absrbing up t 20 times its wn weight in water, which means that mre rainwater can be held upstream and enter a river catchment (流域) mre gradually t prevent it frm being flded. Sphagnum mss can als help prtect the layers (层) f peat underneath it, and can build up ver time t create new layers f peat which are essential t carbn strage.(因此，泥炭藓的种植可以带来重要的生态效益。这种植物能够吸收高达自身重量20倍的水分，这意味着更多的雨水可以被保留在上游，并更缓慢地进入河流流域，以防止洪水泛滥。泥炭藓还可以帮助保护其下面的泥炭层，并且随着时间的推移可以形成新的泥炭层，这对碳储存至关重要)”以及第六段“Researchers say the benefits f planting sphagnum mss will be intensified ver time as the plant grws, and that mss planting has the ptential t bring glbal benefits in terms f the climate, water quality and fld severity.(研究人员表示，随着时间的推移，随着泥炭藓这种植物的生长，种植它所带来的益处将会增强，并且种植泥炭藓在气候、水质和洪水严重程度方面具有为全球带来益处的潜力)”可知，泥炭藓可以减少下游地区洪水风险（D选项）、间接帮助碳储存（B选项）、改善水质（A选项）。而C选项 “阻止雨水进入河流系统”错误，文中说的是让雨水更缓慢地进入河流流域，而不是阻止进入。故选C。
【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tm Spencer, a research and mnitring fficer fr the Mrs fr the Future Partnership, said the results were ‘shcking’ and applauded the dramatic effects the mss has had n the river catchment. He said sphagnum planting culd be ‘a pwerful tl in minimizing the risk and severity f flding’, which wuld have ‘far-reaching benefits fr cmmunities dwnstream’.(‘未来荒野’合作伙伴关系的研究和监测官员汤姆・斯宾塞表示，这些结果‘令人震惊’，并称赞了这种苔藓对河流流域产生的显著影响。他说，种植泥炭藓可能是‘将洪水风险和严重程度降至最低的有力工具’，这将‘对下游社区产生深远的益处’)”可知，从他对结果的称赞以及对苔藓作用的肯定可以看出，他对泥炭藓持支持的态度。故选D。
【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇指出“A ‘superher’ mss can significantly reduce the risk and severity f flding fr cmmunities living in dwnstream areas, researchers have fund.(研究人员发现，一种‘超级英雄’苔藓可以显著降低下游地区居民社区遭受洪水的风险和严重程度)”，接着具体介绍了对泥炭藓的研究以及它在防洪等方面的作用。所以C选项“Superher” mss can save cmmunities frm flding (“超级英雄”苔藓可以使社区免受洪水侵袭)准确地概括了文章主旨，突出了苔藓在防洪方面的关键作用。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many cnsumers are unaware f the envirnmental impact f their shpping habits. In tday’s cnsumer sciety, we tend t discard items withut hesitatin when they becme ld r slightly damaged. ____16____.
The rise f “fast fashin” is a perfect example f this thrw-away culture. Clthing brands prduce cheap garments at an astnishing rate, encuraging cnsumers t buy mre and discard frequently. ____17____. Sadly, mst f these discarded clthes end up in landfills, where they may take hundreds f years t decmpse.
Electrnic waste presents anther majr challenge. As technlgy advances at breakneck speed, peple replace their devices mre frequently than ever befre. ____18____. Many cntain txic materials that can pllute sil and water if nt prperly dispsed f.
____19____. Supermarkets discard imperfect prduce, while husehlds thrw away edible fd daily. Research shws that abut ne-third f all fd prduced glbally ges t waste. This is particularly trubling when cnsidering that millins wrldwide suffer frm hunger.
Hwever, slutins are available if we are ready t change ur cnsumptin patterns. ____20____. Fr example, repairing items instead f replacing them can extend their usability. Opting fr quality ver quantity ensures we pssess durable prducts that stand the test f time. Additinally, prper recycling is crucial in reducing waste. Every minr actin cntributes significantly t cnstructing a mre sustainable future.
A. Fd waste is equally cncerning.
B. The impact f fd shuldn’t be ignred.
C. Making cnscius chices is a step f great value.
D. The gvernment shuld adpt stricter regulatins n the management.
E. This results in muntains f utdated smartphnes, laptps and ther gadgets.
F. The average persn nw buys 60% mre clthing items cmpared t 20 years ag.
G. This habit has led t severe envirnmental results that demand ur immediate attentin.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。消费社会中快时尚、电子垃圾、食物浪费等问题突出，改变消费模式、做出有意识选择是解决之道。
【16题详解】根据上文“Many cnsumers are unaware f the envirnmental impact f their shpping habits. In tday’s cnsumer sciety, we tend t discard items withut hesitatin when they becme ld r slightly damaged.(许多消费者没有意识到他们的购物习惯对环境的影响。在当今的消费社会中，当物品变老或稍有损坏时，我们往往会毫不犹豫地丢弃它们)”可知，这里在说消费者随意丢弃物品的习惯。G选项This habit has led t severe envirnmental results that demand ur immediate attentin.(这种习惯已经导致了严重的环境后果，需要我们立即关注)中的This habit指代上文提到的随意丢弃物品的习惯，并且说明了这种习惯带来的严重环境后果，起到了承接上文的作用。故选G。
【17题详解】根据上文“The rise f ‘fast fashin’ is a perfect example f this thrw-away culture. Clthing brands prduce cheap garments at an astnishing rate, encuraging cnsumers t buy mre and discard frequently.(‘快时尚’的兴起是这种一次性文化的一个完美例子。服装品牌以惊人的速度生产廉价服装，鼓励消费者多买并频繁丢弃)”可知，这里在说快时尚背景下消费者的服装消费情况。F选项The average persn nw buys 60% mre clthing items cmpared t 20 years ag.(与20年前相比，现在普通人购买的服装数量多了60%)通过具体的数据进一步说明了在快时尚影响下消费者购买服装数量的增加，与上文提到的“鼓励消费者多买”相呼应，是对上文内容的进一步阐述。故选F。
【18题详解】根据上文“Electrnic waste presents anther majr challenge. As technlgy advances at breakneck speed, peple replace their devices mre frequently than ever befre.(电子垃圾带来了另一个重大挑战。随着技术以极快的速度发展，人们更换设备的频率比以往任何时候都高)”可知，这里在说人们更换电子设备频繁导致电子垃圾的问题。E选项This results in muntains f utdated smartphnes, laptps and ther gadgets.(这导致了堆积如山的过时智能手机、笔记本电脑和其他小工具)中的This指代上文提到的人们频繁更换设备这一情况，muntains f utdated smartphnes, laptps and ther gadgets 具体说明了产生的电子垃圾的情况，承接上文说明了频繁更换设备的后果。故选E。
【19题详解】根据下文“Supermarkets discard imperfect prduce, while husehlds thrw away edible fd daily. Research shws that abut ne-third f all fd prduced glbally ges t waste.(超市丢弃不完美的农产品，而家庭每天都扔掉可食用的食物。研究表明，全球生产的所有食物中约有三分之一被浪费了)”可知，这里在说食物浪费的问题。A选项Fd waste is equally cncerning.(食物浪费同样令人担忧)能够引出下文关于食物浪费的具体内容。故选A。
【20题详解】根据上文“Hwever, slutins are available if we are ready t change ur cnsumptin patterns.(然而，如果我们准备好改变我们的消费模式，就有解决办法)”以及下文“Fr example, repairing items instead f replacing them can extend their usability. Opting fr quality ver quantity ensures we pssess durable prducts that stand the test f time.(例如，修理物品而不是更换它们可以延长它们的可用性。选择质量而不是数量可以确保我们拥有经得起时间考验的耐用产品)”可知，这里在说改变消费模式的解决办法。C选项Making cnscius chices is a step f great value.(做出有意识的选择是很有价值的一步。中的Making cnscius chices呼应上文的change ur cnsumptin patterns，并且下文的repairing items instead f replacing them、Opting fr quality ver quantity 等都是Making cnscius chices的具体例子，起到了承上启下的作用。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、Ｄ四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Max’s 21st birthday was appraching, and his mther Andrea expected the usual request fr a check r a party. But this year, Max surprised her, “Instead f a gift fr me, ____21____any check yu will give me t help smene in need”. Tuched by his selflessness, Andrea planned t turn his birthday int a celebratin f kindness.
She passed a vide camera t Max’s brther Charlie. Then she tk 21 $10 bills ut f her ____22____accunt and bught 21 apples at the supermarket. When they ____23____ a man, wh was ____24____, Andrea tld him, “Tday is my sn Max’s 21st birthday, and he asked me t give a gift t smene t help him____25____.” She ____26____ the man a $10 bill and an apple. The man smiled int the camera and ____27____, “Happy birthday, Max!” Sn, they ____28____ their gifts t men and wmen waiting in____29____at a sup kitchen. In a unified chrus, they wished Max, “Happy birthday!” At a pizza parlur, Andrea____30____$50 and tld the wners t feed the ____31____. “Happy birthday, Max!” they said sincerely. With the____32____$10 bill and apple, they kncked at their neighbur’s dr. An elderly lady lived alne, and unable t ____33____ her laughter r her tears, she faced the camera ____34____, “Happy birthday, Max!”
That evening, Max watched the____35____f strangers celebrating his birthday and vwed t make birthdays a time nt just t receive, but t give.
21. A. prmteB. serveC. dnateD. accept
22. A. hmeB. campusC. kitchenD. bank
23. A. spttedB. recgnizedC. shelteredD. witnessed
24. A. meanB. cautiusC. hmelessD. generus
25. A. cuntB. celebrateC. surviveD. cngratulate
26. A. headedB. transferredC. handedD. delivered
27. A. assuredB. sighedC. annuncedD. wrte
28. A. gave awayB. get acrssC. handed inD. brke dwn
29. A. styleB. shapeC. vainD. line
30. A. fetchedB. leftC. cmbinedD. tk
31. A. nervusB. disappintedC. curiusD. hungry
32. A. limitlessB. casualC. cmmnD. remaining
33. A. cntainB. judgeC. explainD. interrupt
34. A. definitelyB. eventuallyC. incrediblyD. remtely
35. A. videB. websiteC. diaryD. blg
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。Max 21岁生日临近，他没像往常一样要支票或办派对，而是让妈妈把钱捐赠给有需要的人。妈妈深受感动，取现买苹果后和孩子们给无家可归的人、救济站排队的人送钱和苹果，在披萨店留钱给饥饿的人，还拜访独居老妇。当晚Max看了记录视频，决心让生日不仅是收获，更是给予的时刻。
【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是今年，麦克斯给了她一个惊喜，“你没有给我礼物，而是把你给我的任何支票都捐出来帮助需要帮助的人。”A. prmte促进；B. serve服务；C. dnate捐赠；D. accept接受。根据后文“any check yu will give me t help smene in need”可知，此处指把支票捐赠出来帮助他人。故选C。
【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她从银行账户里取出21张10美元的钞票，在超市买了21个苹果。A. hme家；B. campus校园；C. kitchen厨房；D. bank银行。根据上文“Then she tk 21 $10 bills ut f her”可知，此处指去银行账户里取钱出来。故选D。
【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们看到一个无家可归的男人时，Andrea告诉他：“今天是我儿子麦克斯的21岁生日，他让我送一个礼物给别人来帮他庆祝。”A. sptted看到；B. recgnized认可；C. sheltered庇护；D. witnessed目击。根据后文“a man”可知，此处指看到一个男人。故选A。
【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们看到一个无家可归的男人时，Andrea告诉他：“今天是我儿子麦克斯的21岁生日，他让我送一个礼物给别人来帮他庆祝。”A. mean刻薄的；B. cautius谨慎的；C. hmeless无家可归的；D. generus慷慨的。根据上文“help smene in need”可知，要帮助需要帮助的人，所以最有可能是无家可归的男人。故选C。
【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们看到一个无家可归的男人时，Andrea告诉他：“今天是我儿子麦克斯的21岁生日，他让我送一个礼物给别人来帮他庆祝。”A. cunt计算；B. celebrate庆祝；C. survive幸存；D. cngratulate祝贺。根据上文“Tday is my sn Max’s 21st birthday, and he asked me t give a gift t smene t help him”可知，麦克斯让妈妈送礼物给别人来一起庆祝他的生日。故选B。
【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她递给那个人一张10美元的钞票和一个苹果。A. headed前往；B. transferred转移；C. handed递给；D. delivered递送。根据后文“the man a $10 bill and an apple”可知，此处指递给那个人钞票和苹果。故选C。
【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个男人微笑着对着镜头宣布：“生日快乐，麦克斯！”A. assured使确信；B. sighed叹息；C. annunced宣布；D. wrte写。根据后文“Happy birthday, Max!”可知，得到帮助的男人微笑着对着镜头宣布：“生日快乐，麦克斯！”故选C。
【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：很快，他们把礼物分发给了在施粥所排队等候的男男女女。A. gave away赠送；B. get acrss使理解；C. handed in提交；D. brke dwn出故障。根据上文“help smene in need”以及后文“their gifts t men and wmen”可知，此处指把礼物送给他人。故选A。
【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，他们把礼物分发给了在施粥所排队等候的男男女女。A. style风格；B. shape形状；C. vain徒劳；D. line队伍。根据上文“their gifts t men and wmen waiting in”可知，此处为短语in line意为“排队”，在救济站人们应该是排队等待。故选D。
【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一家披萨店，安德里亚留下了50美元，并告诉店主要给饥饿的人提供食物。A. fetched取来；B. left留下；C. cmbined结合；D. tk带走。根据后文“$50 and tld the wners t feed the”可知，Andrea留下50美元让披萨店老板给他人提供食物。故选B。
【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一家披萨店，安德里亚留下了50美元，并告诉店主要给饥饿的人提供食物。A. nervus紧张的；B. disappinted失望的；C. curius好奇的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据上文“At a pizza parlur”以及他们是在做善事，可知在披萨店应该是给饥饿的人提供食物。故选D。
【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：带着剩下的10美元和苹果，他们敲了敲邻居的门。A. limitless无限制的；B. casual随便的；C. cmmn共同的；D. remaining剩下的。前面买苹果用了一些钱，给别人钱也用了一些，这里表示剩下的10美元钞票和苹果。故选D。
【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位独居的老太太，止不住的笑和哭，终于面对镜头说：“生日快乐，麦克斯！”A. cntain遏制，包含；B. judge判断；C. explain解释；D. interrupt打断。根据后文“her laughter r her tears”可知，这位独居的老妇人无法控制自己的笑声和眼泪。故选A。
【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一位独居的老太太，止不住的笑和哭，终于面对镜头说：“生日快乐，麦克斯！”A. definitely肯定；B. eventually最后；C. incredibly难以置信地；D. remtely遥远地。根据上文“her laughter r her tears, she faced the camera”可知，老太太又哭又笑，最终面对镜头祝麦克斯生日快乐。故选B。
【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，麦克斯看了陌生人为他庆祝生日的视频，他发誓要让生日不仅成为接受的时刻，而且成为给予的时刻。A. vide视频；B. website网站；C. diary日记；D. blg博客。根据上文“She passed a vide camera t Max’s brther Charlie.(她把摄像机递给了麦克斯的弟弟查理)”可知，此处指看了录制的视频。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Du Fu, frmally styled Zimei, lived between 712 and 770. As a by he studied hard, and at the age f 20 began ____36____ (travel) arund. At the age f 35, he went t Chang’an and entered fr the imperial exam. He lived there in ____37____ (pr) fr ten years but culdn’t manage t pass the exam. After the An-Shi Rebellin, he wandered far and wild and finally ____38____ (die) in a bat in 770.
Du Fu witnessed the decline f the Tang Dynasty frm its glry days. ____39____ (cver) a wide range f subjects, mst f his wrks are fcused n cntemprary sciety, especially n describing the sufferings f the peple ____40____ expsing the crruptin (腐败) f the rulers. The ____41____ (famus) wrks f this kind are “the three pems abut ____42____(fficer) and three pems abut parting”, i.e. The Pressgang at Stne Mat Village, A Recruiting Sergeant at Xin’an and Officer at the Western Pass, Lament f the Newly-Wed, Lament f a Hmeless and Lament f an Old Man. Altgether, he wrte mre than 1,4000 pems, ____43____ have had a prfund influence n Chinese classical petry. In the histry f Chinese literature, Du Fu, ____44____ (see) as a great pet in the realist mvement, is ften referred t _____45_____ the “Petic Sage”.
【答案】36. travelling/t travel 37. pverty 38. died 39. Cvering 40. and 41. mst famus
42. fficers 43. which 44. seen 45. as
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述杜甫一生坎坷，其作品聚焦社会，描绘百姓疾苦、揭露腐败，诗作影响深远，被誉为“诗圣” 。
【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个男孩，他努力学习，20岁时开始四处游历。固定短语begin t d sth.或begin ding sth.， 表示“开始做某事”。故填travelling或t travel。
【37题详解】考查名词。句意：他在那里贫困地生活了十年，但没能通过考试。in为介词，后接名词，pr的名词形式是pverty，in pverty，表示“在贫困中”，为固定搭配。故填pverty。
【38题详解】考查时态。句意：安史之乱后，他四处漂泊，最终在770年死于一艘船上。空处需填非谓语动词，主语he与die为主动关系，and连接并列谓语，再根据wandered可知，此处也应用一般过去时。故填died。
【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的大部分作品涵盖了广泛的主题，聚焦于当代社会，尤其致力于描述人民的苦难以及揭露统治者的腐败。空处需填非谓语动词，cver与逻辑主语mst f his wrks之间为主动关系，再由句意可知，此空应用现在分词形式作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Cvering。
【40题详解】考查连词。句意：他的大部分作品涵盖了广泛的主题，聚焦于当代社会，尤其致力于描述人民的苦难以及揭露统治者的腐败。describing the sufferings f the peple和expsing the crruptin (腐败) f the rulers为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
【41题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：这类作品中最著名的是“三吏”和“三别”，即《石壕吏》《新安吏》《潼关吏》《新婚别》《垂老别》《无家别》。根据句意以及定冠词the可知，此处应用famus的最高级形式mst famus，表示“最著名的”。故填mst famus。
【42题详解】考查名词复数。句意：这类作品中最著名的是“三吏”和“三别”，即《石壕吏》《新安吏》《潼关吏》《新婚别》《垂老别》《无家别》。根据常识以及“three pems”可知，fficer应用复数形式fficers。故填fficers。
【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他一共写了1400多首诗，这些诗对中国古典诗歌产生了深远的影响。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为mre than 1,400 pems，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国文学史上，杜甫被视为现实主义运动中的伟大诗人，常被称为“诗圣”。空处需填非谓语动词，see与Du Fu 之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填seen。
【45题详解】考查介词。句意：在中国文学史上，杜甫被视为现实主义运动中的伟大诗人，常被称为“诗圣”。be referred t as...，是固定搭配，意为“被称为……”。故填as。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，将作为学生代表在学校音乐节开幕式上致辞。请根据以下要求撰写一篇英文开场白，内容包括：
1.表达欢迎和感谢；
2.阐述音乐的重要性。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Gd mrning, everyne! It’s my great hnr t stand here and welcme yu t ur schl music festival.
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Thank yu fr yur listening.
【答案】
Gd mrning, everyne! It’s my great hnr t stand here and welcme yu t ur schl music festival.
On behalf f all students, I’d like t extend a heartfelt welcme t each f yu present tday. Meanwhile, I’m deeply grateful t ur schl fr rganizing this event, and t the teachers and perfrmers wh have dedicated s much time and effrt.
Music is far mre than mere entertainment—it’s a timeless art frm that enriches ur suls. It has the unique ability t cmfrt us in mments f sadness, inspire us during challenges, and bring peple frm all walks f life tgether. In ur schl, music serves as a bridge, fstering understanding and friendship amng classmates. Nw, let’s embrace this musical jurney and create unfrgettable memries tgether!
Thank yu fr yur listening.
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a yung by, I was always a trublemaker and up t n gd. I liked playing tricks and enjyed treating animals in an unfriendly way, like running after cats crazily, making them scared at the sight f me. Besides, I ften used a handmade catapult (弹弓) t sht at birds n the trees.
All this did affrd me indescribable pleasure but als gt me unkind stares and blames frm peple arund. My parents disapprved f my behavir and were cnstantly criticizing me fr the tricks I played. I was even given a gd beating frm my father frm time t time. Nevertheless, I ignred their warnings and did nt crrect my ways until an incident ccurred.
One summer nn when I was eight, I was alne at hme and just finished lunch. Feeling very ht and bred, I decided t hang arund the neighbrhd, hlding my trusty catapult.
Sn, I came t Mr Smith’s huse. His pet dg, big and strng, was tied t a pst utside his huse, lying in the shade lazily. Lking arund, I fund that n ne was in sight. I decided t make gd use f my catapult t play tricks n the massive dg. Picking up a few small stnes frm the grund, I aimed at the dg and fired them ne by ne. Several stnes hit the pr dg and it began t bark (吠) ludly in pain and jump up and dwn. But I felt s fun that I didn’t stp ding s. Eventually, the dg’s anger was fueled and it barked wildly at me while struggling t break away frm the rpe. Nt realizing anything wrng with my crazy behavir, I was just laughing happily.
Suddenly, the rpe that tied the dg lsened and the big dg gt free frm its bnds. In n time, with a few pwerful steps the dg was n me. Its sharp teeth sank int my leg. I screamed with pain and fright and fell t the grund, shuting ut fr help.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Luckily, my miserable shuts caught Mr Smith’s attentin.
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His wrds left me ashamed and I decided t make a change.
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【答案】
Luckily, my miserable shuts caught Mr Smith's attentin. He dashed ut f the huse and freed the dg's teeth frm my leg. Having caged the dg, Mr Smith rushed me t the clinic, where the dctr gave me an injectin and dressed the wund carefully. On the way back hme, I tearfully tld Mr Smith the whle stry. Nt criticizing me, he lked me in the eye and said lvingly, “Animals are ur friends that need ur care and lve and will treat us well if treated well".
His wrds left me ashamed and I decided t make a change. Instead f playing tricks n helpless animals, I did what I culd t take care f them. With my father's help, I became a vlunteer in ur lcal animal shelter, feeding r walking animals. I even set aside my pcket mney t cntribute t charity which helps save hmeless animals. Once a trublemaker, later a caregiver, I gradually wn peple's praise and respect I hadn't experienced befre. Mst imprtantly, never did I feel s rewarded and hnred fr what I did fr animals.