北京市丰台区2025届高三下学期3月一模试题 英语 含解析

这是一份北京市丰台区2025届高三下学期3月一模试题 英语 含解析，共19页。试卷主要包含了03，5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2025.03
本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
笔试 共三部分（100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I stepped ut f the stre, juggling a few shpping bags in my hands, lking frward t the drive hme. As I reached my car, a wave f panic washed ver me. I had ___1___ my keys and mbile phne inside the vehicle. In a mment f annyance, I gave the tire a hard kick.
A teenager n a bike happened t pass by at that very mment. He stpped, and his eyes filled with ___2___. “What’s wrng?” he asked. I sighed deeply and explained my rather ___3___ situatin. “But even if I culd call my wife,” I added, my tne ___4___, “she can’t bring me the spare car key, since she’s taking care f ur children at hme.”
Withut hesitatin, he ___5___ me his mbile phne. “Call yur wife and tell her I’m cming t get the spare key,” he said. I lked at him in ___6___. “That’s an 11-kilmetre rund trip!” I prtested. But he was determined and said, “Dn’t wrry abut it.”
An hur seemed t ___7___ as I waited anxiusly. But true t his wrd, he ___8___ with the key in hand. I was verjyed and immediately reached fr my wallet t ffer him sme mney as a gesture f my ___9___. Hwever, he firmly refused. “Let’s just say I needed the exercise,” he said with a smile. Then, with a casual wave, he gt back n his bike and rde ff.
In a wrld that ften seems fcused n self-interest, his kindness was a shining example f the gdness that still exists. A simple act f ____10____ can have a prfund impact n smene’s day.
1. A. placedB. hiddenC. stredD. lcked
2. A. hpeB. sadnessC. cncernD. anxiety
3. A. unfrtunateB. dangerusC. adventurusD. prmising
4. A. relaxedB. exhaustedC. excitedD. defeated
5. A. leftB. handedC. sentD. sld
6. A. disbeliefB. angerC. regretD. fear
7. A. jump aheadB. fly byC. drag nD. cme arund
8. A. returnedB. hesitatedC. disappearedD. settled
9. A. kindnessB. satisfactinC. admiratinD. gratitude
10. A. devtinB. genersityC. curageD. sharing
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Whales swim by mving their tails up and dwn. This mtin ____11____ (create) pressure pulses (脉冲) which harm their brains. Hwever, whales find a way ____12____ (avid) such damage. Research has revealed that a netwrk f bld vessels (血管) in their brains plays a crucial rle. It can maintain stable bld pressure, ____13____ (effective) reducing ver 90% f the ptential harm. This discvery als helps explain ____14____ seals, which dn’t face the same issue, lack these structures.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
In Traditinal Chinese Medicine, cinnamn, knwn as “RuGui”, ____15____ (use) fr centuries fr its medicinal prperties. It is cnsidered a warming herb, meaning that it is believed t relieve pain and discmfrt ____16____ (assciate) with cld and damp cnditins. Cinnamn can harmnize the bdy’s energies and enhance verall well-being, which makes it a must fr thse ____17____ want t imprve their immune system.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Last December, I rdered a warm hamburger at a fd stre. As I left the stre, I nticed there was an lder pr gentleman ____18____ (sit) at the bus stp. Knwing it wuld prbably be his nly warm meal f the day, I ____19____ (give) him the hamburger. But all was nt lst fr me. Anther custmer ffered me half f her hamburger. I was s delighted because I realised that ____20____ ne way r anther, we are all lked after.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
FREE FAMILY DAY PASS
Natinal Trust
Lking fr the perfect day ut this March? Whether yu lve peaceful wdland walks, birdwatching, r discvering new places surrunded by nature, the Natinal Trust has smething fr everyne.
Thanks t this incredible ffer, yu can enjy a FREE visit t a Natinal Trust prperty f yur chice. It will give yu the perfect excuse t gather yur lved nes and explre the great utdrs.
Start yur year by recnnecting with nature and making unfrgettable memries with family and friends. Dn’t miss ut n this wnderful pprtunity t experience the beauty f Natinal Trust sites — cmpletely free!
HOW TO CLAIM
Cut ut the vucher (代金券) belw and present at yur chsen Natinal Trust lcatin. Sme Natinal Trust prperties require advance bking, please check the prperty website fr full details. Certain places are excluded (排除在外) frm this prmtin, details can be fund at
21. What can peple enjy with the Natinal Trust’s ffer?
A. An utdr activity clse t nature.
B. A birdwatching phtgraphy curse.
C. An explratin t natinal museums.
D. A visit t a treasure-themed exhibitin.
22. One can get free admissin by ________.
A. purchasing a digital pass n a website
B. shwing the vucher at the selected site
C. submitting an applicatin n the website
D. jining as a member f the Natinal Trust
23. Accrding t the passage, the pass ________.
A. allws free entry fr a six-persn family
B. includes free transprt and parking
C. is limited t ne per husehld
D. can be used mre than nce
B
Fr years, Rbyn Elman, a nature advcate, has been passinately raising the endangered mnarch butterflies in the czy crner f her backyard. She cllects the butterfly eggs frm the milkweed plants — the nly fd fr these delicate creatures — alngside the highways. Each time she ges n her jurney t the highways, she hpes these little eggs, which are as precius as hidden treasures, will hatch (孵化) int many beautiful creatures. They will slwly make the grup which is getting smaller gradually breathe new life.
But reality destryed her hpes last year. Instead f being greeted by the green milkweed plants, she was met with the deslate sight f mwed stubs (修剪过的草茬) and destryed eggs. The milkweed plants had been cut dwn, and all left were shrt stubs. She felt a deep sense f lss. “Is there really n hpe fr these delicate, flying creatures?” she whispered t herself, her heart as heavy as a big piece f lead.
Even as pain cnsumed her, Rbyn remained determined. She teamed up with ther nature lvers. They reached ut t Frank Cnigli, the city’s directr f highway maintenance, urging him t cut the butterflies a break. At first, Frank was dubtful. He thught, “Hw imprtant can this be? What difference will it make? It’s just sme butterflies and plants.” But as Rbyn and her friends pured ut their wrries, and kept explaining the imprtance f the issue, Frank began t understand. He finally realised, “What happens t the butterflies is ging t happen t us, isn’t it?”, as if a light bulb had suddenly switched n in his mind.
Frank went t wrk n studying mre abut mnarch butterflies, and finally he supprted their cause, and tk decisive actin. He stpped mwing in certain areas, drawing an invisible line f prtectin. S far, arund 20 patches f milkweed plants, like ases in the urban desert, have been prtected acrss the city. “We’re making a real difference,” Frank said prudly.
Thanks t their cmbined effrts, the mnarch butterflies nw have a brighter future, and the city’s ecsystem is n the path t psitive transfrmatin.
24. As a nature advcate, Rbyn Elman ________.
A. grws sme milkweed in her backyard
B. raises butterflies alngside the highway
C. cllects butterfly eggs and hatches them
D. studies milkweed and prves them valuable
25. Hw did Rbyn feel upn seeing the mwed stubs?
A. Upset and disappinted.B. Angry and annyed.
C. Embarrassed and ashamed.D. Terrified and cnfused.
26. What did Frank d t help prtect the mnarch butterflies?
A. He raised the awareness f the public.
B. He studied the lcal natural ecsystem.
C. He prtected milkweed in certain areas.
D. He mved the butterflies t a safe place.
27. What can we cnclude frm this passage?
A. Wildlife cnservatin takes a back seat t urban develpment.
B. Gvernment plicies play a main rle in wildlife cnservatin.
C. The damage f habitats has lng-term impact n the ecsystem.
D. Cmmitment and cperatin cause psitive eclgical utcmes.
C
During WW II, mathematician Alan Turing gathered a team f lgic experts t decde enemy messages, a key step tward victry. If there was ne branch f mathematics which culd be said they were using systematically, it was symblic lgic. Hwever, the curriculum designs that methdically develp students’ symblic lgic abilities are relatively rare.
Symblic lgic is a frm f mathematics that lets us check whether certain cnclusins crrectly fllw frm a set f facts. Cnsider a library bk-theft case. If a suspect wasn’t in the library n the day the theft happened, they can’t be the thief. If present, they may r may nt be. Being in the library desn’t mean they stle the bk. Symblic lgic turns this kind f argument int algebra (代数学), readily shared, slved and generalized fr slving mysteries.
Fr careers such as electrical engineering and cmputer science, the value f symblic lgic is undeniable. The fundamental building blcks f mdern digital cmputers are circuits representing “AND” and “OR”, which are cmmn in symblic lgic. Almst every cmputer prgram cntains similar “if-then-else” lgical cnditins. Prfessinal prgrammers must rutinely write and trublesht such statements.
But symblic lgic is nt slely limited t technical fields. Rutgers University mathematician Gray Wenger argues that teaching respnsible citizenship requires prviding students with mathematical reasning skills. Fr example, cnsider a debate ver a study finding that mst adults withut high-schl certificates earn less. A respnsible citizen must think thrugh the implicatins alng the lines f the bk-theft case example abve. N certificate likely means lwer incme, but lw incme desn’t mean n certificate. Training in symblic lgic makes these srts f reasnings sink int their cgnitive prcesses and becme secnd nature t citizens.
In additin, symblic lgic equips individuals t cunter false claims by distinguishing between separate incidents and systematic evidence. The mst effective strategy fr this lies in preventive educatin — teaching peple t recgnize faulty reasning at its surce. Cnsider, fr instance, sme glbal-warming dubters use ne day f cld weather as prf that glbal warming is a hax (骗局). But a lgical thinker can quickly spt that weather is shrt-term, while climate is lng-term change.
Sme dubt the need fr a separate symblic lgic curse, believing ther classes can d the jb. In writing curses, fr example, students learn hw t spt illgical arguments, and elementary prfs are cvered in trignmetry (三角学). Much can be gained by teaching peple lgical thinking withut using any symbls. But nly symblic lgic ensures lgical strictness. A piecemeal apprach isn’t enugh; a full-semester curse is needed fr cmprehensive learning.
Symblic lgic is essential fr intellectual develpment. By integrating symblic lgic int educatinal framewrks, we equip future generatins with the intellectual tls t navigate cmplex challenges. Training fr it must be included in the curriculum and cannt be left t chance.
28. Accrding t the passage, symblic lgic can play a primary rle when ________.
A. a chef is creating a new recipe by cmbining different materials
B. a student is deciding which club t jin based n persnal interests
C. a dctr is identifying ne’s illness by using signs and test findings
D. a jurnalist is writing a feature article by interviewing lcal peple
29. What des the phrase “secnd nature” underlined in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. A rutine practice.B. An autmatic ability.
C. An essential tl.D. A necessary quality.
30. Frm the passage, we learn that symblic lgic ________.
A. tells the difference between separate incidents
B. is mainly applied in slving mathematical puzzles
C. questins the basic principles f mdern cmputers
D. enables peple t detect and challenge false arguments
31. The authr may agree that current symblic lgic educatin is ________.
A. unsatisfying fr the lack f symblic lgic curses
B. prblematic and ignres lgical reasning practice
C. acceptable if alternative curses are available
D. manageable and will imprve naturally
D
Recent findings frm the Dark Energy Spectrscpic Instrument(DESI) in Arizna, which prduced the largest 3D map f the universe, suggest that dark energy — the mysterius frce driving the universe’s accelerated( 加速的) expansin — might change ver time. This challenges the standard mdel f csmlgy (宇宙学), which assumes a steady acceleratin.
Dark energy is thught t make up nearly 70% f the csms, s if its behaviur really is changing as time passes, it culd have significant implicatins fr ur understanding f the universe.
Since the DESI data came ut, researchers have been wrking n ways t explain the apparent changes in the universe’s expansin rate. Dark energy isn’t directly bservable, s there are several ptins that culd fit. One slutin suggested by Michael Garda at the Federal University in Brazil and his clleagues invlves letting dark energy interact with dark matter, an invisible and abundant frm f matter that utweighs rdinary matter. This interactin is frbidden in the standard mdel, but if energy culd flw frm the universe’s dark matter t its dark energy — essentially changing the frmer t the latter — the researchers’ simulatins (模拟) shwed that this wuld match the DESI measurements. Yet, the mechanism fr such an energy transfer isn’t clear.
This slutin might als help reslve the Hubble tensin, a difference in the ways we measure the expansin rate f the csms. Measurements f this made by analysing nearby galaxies (knwn as “lcal” measurements) give an expansin rate, r Hubble cnstant, which is slightly higher than the ne btained frm the csmic micrwave backgrund (CMB) — the remaining radiatin frm the early universe. CMB measurements rely n a theretical mdel f csmic evlutin, which may need adjustment if Garda’s prpsal is crrect. By allwing energy transfer between dark matter and dark energy, the adjusted mdel culd bring CMB-based estimates mre clsely int line with lcal measurements, ptentially reslving the tensin.
Anther prpsed slutin invlves dark radiatin, an invisible frm f radiatin similar t light but cmpsed f dark phtns (光子). Tamar Allali at Brwn University and his team suggest that dark radiatin culd explain the DESI data and lessened the Hubble tensin by increasing the universe’s expansin rate in its early stages. “If yu have mre radiatin, the expansin is faster in the early universe,” says Allali. Unlike adjustments t dark energy, dark radiatin intrduces a new cmpnent withut changing existing physical laws, making it a mre cnservative apprach. Allali ntes that the DESI data des nt rule ut dark radiatin and even shws a slight preference fr it.
Bth mdels — interacting dark energy and dark radiatin — fit the DESI data, but neither has been cnfirmed. Shawn Smith at the University f Edinburgh, UK, pints ut that while many uncnventinal mdels culd explain the bservatins, nne currently cmpete with the standard csmlgical mdel frm a fundamental physics perspective. Nevertheless, these mdels serve as catalysts fr prgress, ensuring that csmlgy remains a dynamic and evlving field.
32. What des this passage mainly talk abut?
A. The develpment f scientific mdels t study the universe.
B. The discvery f dark energy and its impact n the universe.
C. The imprtance f DESI in studying the universe’s behavir.
D. The attempts t explain the universe’s unexpected expansin.
33. Which f the fllwing might the authr agree with?
A. Garda’s prpsal utperfrms Allali’s in its simplicity.
B. Recent research has fund ways fr dark energy transfer.
C. The DESI data has cnfirmed the existence f dark radiatin.
D. The tw mdels share similarities in reducing Hubble tensin.
34. The passage is rganized in the pattern f ________.
A. cause — effect — slutinB. prblem— slutin — evaluatin
C. example —a nalysis — cnclusinD. intrductin — cmparisn — result
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Experts have warned that an bsessin (痴迷) with healthy eating can cause mental health prblems. A survey amng mental health prfessinals fund 90% f thse surveyed, like in previus research, had seen patients with rthrexia nervsa (ON). ____35____
The survey fund sme patients cut ut fds like fish, meat r dairy, cnsidering them “unclean”. Their fixatin n “pure” fds leads t deficiencies (缺陷) like irn-deficiency anaemia r vitamin B12 deficiency. Fr example, Dr Niket Snpal fund that his patients didn’t cnsume enugh calries, minerals, prtein r carbhydrates. Sme patients even cut ut entire fd grups after the big dinners f hlidays. ____36____
The term ON was cined in 1997 by Dr. Steven Bratman. He nticed patients’ extreme diets caused malnutritin, anxiety, and even death. ____37____ It pses a significant challenge. Healthcare prviders may nt be trained t spt the signs easily, and patients might nt be aware their eating habits. As a result, diagnsis and treatment are delayed.
____38____ Healthcare prviders need t be attentive t identify and deal with ON in patients, prviding supprt such as nutritinal advice, psychlgical aid, and diet-diversity educatin. The public needs t knw the risks f verly strict eating. ____39____ True well-being cmes frm a healthy relatinship with fd, nt an bsessin with “clean” eating. By taking these steps, we can prevent mental health issues caused by fixating n healthy eating and prmte a culture where fd brings bth nurishment and jy.
A. Despite its risks, ON isn’t fficially recgnised as an eating disrder.
B. Sme nline health cmmunities prvide sme self-treatment methds.
C. ON patients shwed dubled depressin rates cmpared t nn-sufferers.
D. Media and scial platfrms can prmte a mre realistic view f nutritin.
E. Hence, experts warned that a healthy diet shuld nt simply be seen as a surce f restrictin.
F. In light f the findings, the medical cmmunity and the public shuld take a balanced view n healthy eating.
G. Basically, rthrexia is a fixatin n eating nly healthy r pure fds, r what an individual perceives as healthy r pure.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
In the digital age, technlgy is transfrming hw we cmmunicate and interact. What were nce science-fictin tech ideas are nw reality. In the 2002 film Minrity Reprt, Jhn Andertn used a data glve, and nw tuch-based cmputing is cmmn. Similar gaming interactin methds have appeared since 2006. These are just a taste f what’s t cme.
MIT cmputer scientist Thmas Kffler predicted that virtual tuch-based cmputing is the future f human-cmputer interfaces. He als suggested that an even mre exciting area f research, ne that will transfrm hw we cmmunicate with cmputers ver the lnger term, is s-called brain-cmputer interface (BCI).
Tday’s research n BCI wrks n a related idea: the brain makes use f electrical signals, an electrical cde, t send and prcess infrmatin. As the brain runs n electrical signals, assuming these can be accurately read, the signals thus allw us t cmmunicate with external devices thrugh the transmissin f electrical impulses (脉冲) directly frm the brain. In thery, it shuld be pssible t use brain signals that mve yur arm and hand t cntrl a rbtic arm, e.g., t pick up a cffee cup.
Research f this kind is nging. Cchlear implants (人工耳蜗), allwing the hard f hearing t hear, are currently the mst widely available use fr this technlgy. The principle f BCI enables brain signals t cmmunicate with the implant, thereby vercming the damaged part f the ear. In the future, it may be pssible fr implants in the brain t allw us t cmmunicate directly with and cntrl a wide variety f devices, using the pwer f thught alne.
Tday, cmputers and smartphnes with fixed cameras enable real-time face-t-face chat. Next up culd be telepresence rbts, which let a persn remtely see, mve arund, and interact. Ideal fr tele-cnferencing and remte site turs, their ptential is clear. Ultimately, the driving frce behind digital cmmunicatin’s next stage is the cperative intelligence that makes humans exceptinal cmmunicatrs.
40. Accrding t Thmas Kffler, what will transfrm the way we cmmunicate with cmputers ver the lnger term?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
41. Hw d electrical signals allw us t cmmunicate with external devices?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
 The principle f BCI enables brain signals t directly fix the damaged part f the ear.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
43. D yu think BCI will make ur lives better? Why r why nt? (In abut 40 wrds)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的外国好友Jim打算在学校举办的世界非物质文化遗产展示周（Wrld Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibitin Week）中介绍中国非物质文化遗产，发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回信，内容包括：
1. 你推荐的非物质文化遗产；
2. 简要说明理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
笔试 共三部分（100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者把钥匙和手机锁在车内陷入困境，青少年热心相助且拒收报酬，其慷慨善举令人动容 。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走到我的车旁时，一阵恐慌涌上心头。我把钥匙和手机锁在车里了。A. placed放置；B. hidden隐藏；C. stred储存；D. lcked锁。根据上文“As I reached my car, a wave f panic washed ver me.” 以及常识可知，作者因为把钥匙和手机锁在车里拿不出来了所以感到恐慌，lcked符合语境。且从后文作者不能打电话叫妻子送钥匙也能推断出是把钥匙锁在车里了。故选D项。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他停了下来，眼神中充满了关切。“怎么了？” 他问道。A. hpe希望；B. sadness悲伤；C. cncern关切；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“‘What’s wrng?’ he asked.”可知，这个青少年停下来询问作者怎么了，说明他对作者的情况表示关切，cncern符合语境。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我深深地叹了口气，解释了我相当不幸的处境。A. unfrtunate不幸的；B. dangerus危险的；C. adventurus冒险的；D. prmising有前途的。根据上文作者把钥匙和手机锁在车里，以及下文“‘But even if I culd call my wife,’ I added, ‘she can’t bring me the spare car key, since she’s taking care f ur children at hme’”可知，作者处于一种很不走运的情况，unfrtunate符合语境。故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“但即使我能给我妻子打电话，”我补充道，语气充满挫败感，“她也不能给我送备用车钥匙，因为她正在家里照顾我们的孩子。”A. relaxed放松的；B. exhausted疲惫的；C. excited兴奋的；D. defeated挫败的。根据下文“she can’t bring me the spare car key, since she’s taking care f ur children at hme”可知，作者既无法拿到车里的钥匙和手机，妻子也不能送备用钥匙，所以此时作者的语气应该是充满挫败感的，defeated符合语境。故选D项。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他毫不犹豫地把他的手机递给了我。A. left离开；B. handed递给；C. sent发送；D. sld卖。根据下文“‘Call yur wife and tell her I’m cming t get the spare key,’ he said. ”以及语境可知，这个青少年让作者用他的手机给妻子打电话，所以是把手机递给了作者，handed符合语境。故选B项。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我难以置信地看着他。“那可是往返11公里的路程啊！” 我抗议道。A. disbelief不相信；B. anger生气；C. regret后悔；D. fear害怕。根据下文“‘That’s an 11-kilmetre rund trip!’ I prtested. ”可知，作者对于这个青少年要去11公里远的地方取钥匙感到很惊讶，不敢相信，in disbelief 意为“难以置信地”，符合语境。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我焦急地等待时，一个小时似乎过得很慢。A. jump ahead向前跳；B. fly by飞逝；C. drag n拖延，过得很慢；D. cme arund苏醒，顺便来访。根据下文“I waited anxiusly”以及语境可知，作者在焦急地等待，所以会觉得时间过得很慢，drag n符合语境。故选C项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他信守诺言，手里拿着钥匙回来了。A. returned返回；B. hesitated犹豫；C. disappeared消失；D. settled解决，定居。根据上文“he said, ‘Dn’t wrry abut it.’” 以及“true t his wrd”可知，这个青少年说会去取钥匙，并且他信守了诺言，所以是拿着钥匙回来了，returned符合语境。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常高兴，立刻伸手去拿钱包，想给他一些钱作为我感激的表示。A. kindness善良；B. satisfactin满意；C. admiratin钦佩；D. gratitude感激。根据上文“he 8 with the key in hand”可知，这个青少年帮作者去取了钥匙，解决了作者的难题，所以作者想给他钱表达自己的感激之情，gratitude符合语境。故选D项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个简单的慷慨之举可能会对某人的一天产生深远的影响。A. devtin奉献；B. genersity慷慨；C. curage勇气；D. sharing分享。根据上文“Hwever, he firmly refused”以及语境可知，青少年毫不犹豫地帮助作者，还不要报酬，这是一种慷慨的行为，genersity符合语境。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】11. creates
12. t avid
13. effectively
14. why
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了鲸鱼通过特殊血管网络避免脑部受损的机制。
【11题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这种运动产生压力脉冲，会伤害它们的大脑。空处为句子的谓语动词。句子陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时，且主语为This mtin，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填creates。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，鲸鱼找到了一种避免这种伤害的方法。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语，表示“做……的方式”。故填t avid。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：它可以保持稳定的血压，有效地减少90%以上的潜在危害。修饰动词reducing应用副词effectively“有效的”，作状语。故填effectively。
【14题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这一发现也有助于解释为什么海豹没有面临同样的问题，却缺乏这些结构。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，表示“为什么海豹缺乏这些结构”，所以用why引导该从句。故填why。
【答案】15. has been used
16. assciated
17. wh
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中医中桂皮的历史以及作用。
【15题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在传统中医中，桂皮因其药用特性已被使用了几个世纪。主语cinnamn与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文fr centuries可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been used。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它被认为是一种温暖的草药，这意味着它被认为可以缓解与寒冷和潮湿环境有关的疼痛和不适。此处assciate与pain and discmfrt为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填assciated。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：肉桂可以协调身体的能量，增强整体健康，这使得它成为那些想要提高免疫系统的人的必需品。定语从句修饰先行词thse，关系词在从句作主语，指人，故填wh。
【答案】18. sitting
19. gave 20. in
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者把一个汉堡给了一位贫穷的老人，然后得到另外一位顾客的半个汉堡作为回报。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当我离开商店时，我注意到公共汽车站坐着一位贫穷的老先生。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词an lder pr gentleman与sit之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。 故填sitting。
【19题详解】
考查时态。句意：我知道这可能是他一天中唯一一顿热乎乎的饭，于是我把汉堡给了他。空处为句子谓语动词，根据文章可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填gave。
【20题详解】
考查介词。句意：我非常高兴，因为我意识到，无论如何，我们都被照顾着。in ne way r anther” 是固定短语，意为“以某种方式；不管怎样”。故填in。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了英国国民托管组织（Natinal Trust）推出的免费家庭日通行证活动。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whether yu lve peaceful wdland walks, birdwatching, r discvering new places surrunded by nature, the Natinal Trust has smething fr everyne. (无论你是喜欢宁静的林地漫步，观鸟，还是发现被大自然包围的新地方，国民信托都有适合每个人的东西。)”以及第二段中“It will give yu the perfect excuse t gather yur lved nes and explre the great utdrs. (它会给你一个完美的借口和你爱的人在一起，去探索伟大的户外。)”可知，人们可以利用国民托管组织（Natinal Trust）的这项优惠进行接近自然的户外活动。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据HOW TO CLAIM 中“Cut ut the vucher (代金券) belw and present at yur chsen Natinal Trust lcatin. (剪下下面的代金券，并在您选择的国家信托地点出示。)”可知，人们可以通过在选定的国民托管组织的场所出示代金券来获得免费入场资格。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据FREE Natinal Trust FAMILY PASS 中“Only ne pass per husehld will be permitted. (每户只允许使用一张通行证。)”可知，每户家庭仅允许使用一张通行证，ABD选项均与原文实意不符。故选C项。
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了自然倡导者Rbyn Elman和其他自然爱好者共同努力保护帝王蝶的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“She cllects the butterfly eggs frm the milkweed plants — the nly fd fr these delicate creatures — alngside the highways. Each time she ges n her jurney t the highways, she hpes these little eggs, which are as precius as hidden treasures, will hatch (孵化) int many beautiful creatures.(她沿着公路收集马利筋植物上的帝王蝶卵，而这些马利筋植物是这些脆弱生物唯一的食物来源。每次她踏上前往公路的旅程时，她都希望这些如同隐藏珍宝般珍贵的卵能够孵化出许多美丽的生物)”可知，Rbyn Elman作为自然倡导者，会收集帝王蝶的卵并孵化它们。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“But reality destryed her hpes last year. Instead f being greeted by the green milkweed plants, she was met with the deslate sight f mwed stubs (修剪过的草茬) and destryed eggs. The milkweed plants had been cut dwn, and all left were shrt stubs. She felt a deep sense f lss. ‘Is there really n hpe fr these delicate, flying creatures?’ she whispered t herself, her heart as heavy as a big piece f lead.(但去年，现实粉碎了她的希望。她没有看到绿意盎然的马利筋植物，映入眼帘的却是修剪过的草茬和被毁的卵的荒凉景象。马利筋植物被砍倒了，只剩下短短的草茬。她感到深深的失落。“这些脆弱的飞行生物真的没有希望了吗？”她自言自语道，心情沉重得如同一块大石头)”可知，现实摧毁了她的希望，看到被修剪过的草茬和被毁坏的卵，她有一种深深的失落感，心里像铅块一样沉重，由此可推断她感到沮丧和失望。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Frank went t wrk n studying mre abut mnarch butterflies, and finally he supprted their cause, and tk decisive actin. He stpped mwing in certain areas, drawing an invisible line f prtectin. S far, arund 20 patches f milkweed plants, like ases in the urban desert, have been prtected acrss the city.(弗兰克开始着手深入研究帝王蝶，最终他支持了保护帝王蝶的事业，并采取了果断行动。他停止了在某些区域的修剪工作，划出了一条无形的保护线。到目前为止，全市已有大约20块马利筋植物区域得到了保护，宛如城市沙漠中的绿洲)”可知，Frank通过在某些地区停止修剪，保护了马利筋植物，以此来帮助保护帝王蝶。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Thanks t their cmbined effrts, the mnarch butterflies nw have a brighter future, and the city’s ecsystem is n the path t psitive transfrmatin.(由于他们的共同努力，帝王蝶现在有了更光明的未来，而城市的生态系统也正朝着积极转变的方向迈进)”可知，Rbyn和其他自然爱好者通过努力和合作，成功保护了帝王蝶的栖息地，使帝王蝶有了更光明的未来。由此可知，从文中我们可以总结到“投入和合作能带来积极的生态成果”。故选D。
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了符号逻辑的重要性及其在教育中的应用。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Symblic lgic is a frm f mathematics that lets us check whether certain cnclusins crrectly fllw frm a set f facts. Cnsider a library bk-theft case. If a suspect wasn’t in the library n the day the theft happened, they can’t be the thief. If present, they may r may nt be. Being in the library desn’t mean they stle the bk. (符号逻辑是一种数学形式，它让我们能够检查某些结论是否正确地基于一系列事实得出。以图书馆失窃案为例。如果嫌疑人在失窃当天不在图书馆，那么他们就不可能是小偷。如果在场，他们则有可能是，也有可能不是。在图书馆并不意味着他们偷了书。)”可知，符号逻辑是一种数学形式，它让我们能够检查某些结论是否正确地遵循了一组事实。因此，当医生根据症状和检查结果来诊断病情时，符号逻辑可以发挥主要作用，帮助医生根据事实推断出正确的结论。故选C。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第四段中“Training in symblic lgic makes these srts f reasnings sink int their cgnitive prcesses and becme secnd nature t citizens. (对符号逻辑的训练能够让这类推理融入公民的认知过程，并使其成为他们的secnd nature。)”可知，这里指的是通过训练，这些推理过程变得自然而然，成为公民的一种自动能力。因此，secnd nature在此处意为“天性，自动的能力”，与An autmatic ability“一种自动的能力”意思相符。故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第五段中“In additin, symblic lgic equips individuals t cunter false claims by distinguishing between separate incidents and systematic evidence. The mst effective strategy fr this lies in preventive educatin — teaching peple t recgnize faulty reasning at its surce. (此外，符号逻辑使个人能够通过区分个别事件和系统性证据来反驳虚假声明。最有效的策略在于预防性教育——教导人们从源头上识别错误的推理。)”可知，符号逻辑使人们能够检测和挑战错误的论点。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第六段“Sme dubt the need fr a separate symblic lgic curse, believing ther classes can d the jb. In writing curses, fr example, students learn hw t spt illgical arguments, and elementary prfs are cvered in trignmetry (三角学). Much can be gained by teaching peple lgical thinking withut using any symbls. But nly symblic lgic ensures lgical strictness. A piecemeal apprach isn’t enugh; a full-semester curse is needed fr cmprehensive learning. (有些人怀疑是否需要单独开设符号逻辑课程，认为其他课程也能起到同样的作用。例如，在写作课程中，学生学习如何发现不合逻辑的论证，三角学中也涵盖基本的证明。通过不使用任何符号来教授人们逻辑思维，也可以获得很多收获。但只有符号逻辑能确保逻辑的严密性。零敲碎打的方法是不够的；需要一整学期的课程来进行全面的学习。)”可知，作者可能同意当前的符号逻辑教育由于缺乏符号逻辑课程而不令人满意。故选A。
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。DESI 数据表明宇宙膨胀有异常，科研人员提出两种模型解释，虽未证实，但推动了宇宙学发展。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Recent findings frm the Dark Energy Spectrscpic Instrument (DESI) in Arizna, which prduced the largest 3D map f the universe, suggest that dark energy — the mysterius frce driving the universe’s accelerated expansin — might change ver time. This challenges the standard mdel f csmlgy, which assumes a steady acceleratin.(亚利桑那州的暗能量光谱仪（DESI）最近的发现绘制出了宇宙最大的三维地图，表明暗能量 —— 驱动宇宙加速膨胀的神秘力量 —— 可能会随时间变化。这挑战了假设宇宙是稳定加速的标准宇宙学模型)”可知，宇宙的膨胀出现了与标准模型不符的情况。再结合第三段“Since the DESI data came ut, researchers have been wrking n ways t explain the apparent changes in the universe’s expansin rate.(自从 DESI 数据公布以来，研究人员一直在努力寻找方法来解释宇宙膨胀率的明显变化)”可知，本文主要讲的是对解释宇宙意外膨胀的尝试。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“By allwing energy transfer between dark matter and dark energy, the adjusted mdel culd bring CMB-based estimates mre clsely int line with lcal measurements, ptentially reslving the tensin.(通过允许暗物质和暗能量之间的能量转移，调整后的模型可以使基于宇宙微波背景（CMB）的估计值更接近局部测量值，有可能解决哈勃张力问题)”以及第五段“Tamar Allali at Brwn University and his team suggest that dark radiatin culd explain the DESI data and lessened the Hubble tensin by increasing the universe’s expansin rate in its early stages.(布朗大学的塔玛尔・阿拉利（Tamar Allali）和他的团队认为，暗辐射可以解释 DESI 数据，并通过提高宇宙早期的膨胀率来减轻哈勃张力)” 可知，这两种模型都在减少哈勃张力方面有相似之处，即都有可能解决哈勃张力问题。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段提出了问题，即暗能量可能随时间变化，挑战了标准宇宙学模型，宇宙膨胀出现意外情况；第三、四、五段介绍了两种解释宇宙膨胀率变化的解决方案，即让暗能量与暗物质相互作用和暗辐射的模型；第六段对这两种模型进行了评价，指出它们都符合 DESI 数据，但都未得到证实，且目前没有一个能从基础物理学角度与标准宇宙学模型竞争，不过它们推动了宇宙学的发展。由此推知，文章是按照“问题 — 解决方案 — 评价”的模式组织的。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. A 38. F 39. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了健康饮食痴迷会导致心理健康问题。
【35题详解】
根据上文“A survey amng mental health prfessinals fund 90% f thse surveyed, like in previus research, had seen patients with rthrexia nervsa (ON). (一项针对心理健康专业人士的调查发现，与之前的研究一样，90%的受访者见过神经性厌食症（ON）患者。)”引出了“rthrexia nervsa (ON)”这个概念，G选项“Basically, rthrexia is a fixatin n eating nly healthy r pure fds, r what an individual perceives as healthy r pure. (基本上，正统厌食症就是只吃健康或纯净的食物，或者一个人认为健康或纯净的食物。)”对 “rthrexia”进行了基本的解释，即它是一种只专注于吃健康或纯净食物，或者个人认为健康或纯净的食物的状态，符合上下文语境，起到了承接上文的作用。故选G项。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Fr example, Dr Niket Snpal fund that his patients didn’t cnsume enugh calries, minerals, prtein r carbhydrates. Sme patients even cut ut entire fd grups after the big dinners f hlidays. (例如，尼克特·桑帕尔医生发现他的病人没有摄入足够的卡路里、矿物质、蛋白质或碳水化合物。一些病人甚至在节日大餐后不吃所有的食物。)”描述了患者对“纯净”食物的痴迷导致各种营养缺陷，比如一些患者在假期大餐后甚至会剔除整个食物类别。E选项“Hence, experts warned that a healthy diet shuld nt simply be seen as a surce f restrictin. (因此，专家们警告说，健康的饮食不应该被简单地看作是限制的来源。)”中“Hence”表示因果关系，“experts warned”与前文提到的专家发现的问题相呼应，且该选项指出健康饮食不应仅仅被视为一种限制的来源，是对上文现象的总结和专家的警告，符合语境。故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“The term ON was cined in 1997 by Dr. Steven Bratman. He nticed patients’ extreme diets caused malnutritin, anxiety, and even death. (ON这个词是史蒂芬·布拉特曼博士在1997年创造的。他注意到病人的极端饮食会导致营养不良、焦虑甚至死亡。)”说明了“ON”的提出以及其带来的危害，下文提到“It pses a significant challenge. Healthcare prviders may nt be trained t spt the signs easily, and patients might nt be aware their eating habits. (这是一个重大的挑战。医疗保健提供者可能没有接受过容易发现这些迹象的培训，患者可能没有意识到他们的饮食习惯。)”指出它带来的挑战。A选项“Despite its risks, ON isn’t fficially recgnised as an eating disrder. (尽管存在风险，但ON并没有被官方认定为饮食失调。)”中“Despite its risks”承接上文提到的危害，“isn’t fficially recgnised as an eating disrder”引出下文因为未被官方认可所以带来的诊断和治疗方面的挑战，起到了承上启下的作用。故选A项。
【38题详解】
根据下文“Healthcare prviders need t be attentive t identify and deal with ON in patients, prviding supprt such as nutritinal advice, psychlgical aid, and diet-diversity educatin. The public needs t knw the risks f verly strict eating. (医疗保健提供者需要注意识别和处理ON患者，提供营养建议、心理援助和饮食多样性教育等支持。公众需要知道过度严格饮食的风险。)”分别从医疗保健提供者和公众两个方面阐述了应对措施。F选项“In light f the findings, the medical cmmunity and the public shuld take a balanced view n healthy eating. (鉴于这些发现，医学界和公众应该对健康饮食持平衡的态度。)”中“the medical cmmunity and the public”与下文的“Healthcare prviders”和“The public”相对应，“take a balanced view n healthy eating”引出下文的具体措施，符合语境。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“The public needs t knw the risks f verly strict eating. (公众需要知道过度严格饮食的风险。)”以及下文提到“True well-being cmes frm a healthy relatinship with fd, nt an bsessin with “clean” eating. (真正的健康来自与食物的健康关系，而不是对“纯净”饮食的痴迷。)”，此处应是关于公众了解健康饮食的具体措施。D选项“Media and scial platfrms can prmte a mre realistic view f nutritin. (媒体和社交平台可以促进更现实的营养观。)” 指出媒体和社交平台可以促进对营养更现实的看法，是公众了解健康饮食的一种方式，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
【答案】40. Brain-cmputer interface.
41. By transmitting the electrical impulses directly frm the brain./ Thrugh the transmissin f electrical impulses directly frm the brain.
42. The principle f BCI enables brain signals t directly flex the damaged part f the car. The principle f BCI enables brain signals t cmmunicate with the implant t vercme the damaged part f the car, nt directly fix it.
43. Yes, I think BCI will make ur lives better. It can help disabled peple regain certain functins, imprve quality f life, and ptentially enable mre efficient cmmunicatin and cntrl methds in the future.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了脑机接口（BCI）技术的原理、应用及未来潜力，并探讨了数字通信技术的发展趋势。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“He als suggested that an even mre exciting area f research, ne that will transfrm hw we cmmunicate with cmputers ver the lnger term, is s-called brain-cmputer interface (BCI). (他还指出，一个更令人兴奋的研究领域，一个将在更长远的时间里改变我们与计算机交流方式的研究领域，就是所谓的脑机接口（BCI）)”可知，根据Thmas Kffler的说法，从长远来看，脑机接口（BCI）将改变我们与计算机的交流方式。故答案为：Brain-cmputer interface.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第三段中“As the brain runs n electrical signals, assuming these can be accurately read, the signals thus allw us t cmmunicate with external devices thrugh the transmissin f electrical impulses (脉冲) directly frm the brain. (由于大脑通过电信号运行，假设这些信号可以被准确读取，那么这些信号就允许我们通过直接从大脑传输电脉冲来与外部设备通信)”可知，电信号通过直接从大脑传输电脉冲，从而允许我们与外部设备通信。故答案为：By transmitting the electrical impulses directly frm the brain./ Thrugh the transmissin f electrical impulses directly frm the brain.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“The principle f BCI enables brain signals t cmmunicate with the implant, thereby vercming the damaged part f the ear. (脑机接口的原理使脑信号能够与植入物通信，从而克服耳朵受损的部分)”可知，脑机接口的原理是使脑信号能够与植入物通信，而不是直接修复耳朵受损的部分。所以错误的部分是directly fix the damaged part f the ear，应改为cmmunicate with the implant, thereby vercming the damaged part f the ear。故答案为：The principle f BCI enables brain signals t directly flex the damaged part f the car. The principle f BCI enables brain signals t cmmunicate with the implant t vercme the damaged part f the car, nt directly fix it.
【43题详解】
开放性题目，此题要求回答：你认为BCI会让我们的生活变得更好吗？为什么或为什么不呢？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：是的，我认为脑机接口会让我们的生活变得更好，因为它可以帮助残疾人恢复某些功能，提高生活质量，并可能在未来实现更高效的通信和控制方式。故答案为：Yes, I think BCI will make ur lives better. It can help disabled peple regain certain functins, imprve quality f life, and ptentially enable mre efficient cmmunicatin and cntrl methds in the future.
第二节（20分）
44. 【答案】
Dear Jim,
I’m thrilled t hear that yu’re intrducing Chinese intangible cultural heritage at the Wrld Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibitin Week. I’d highly recmmend Chinese paper-cutting.
Paper-cutting, with a histry spanning ver 1,500 years, is a traditinal flk art in China. It invlves cutting intricate designs frm paper using scissrs r knives. Nt nly des it shwcase the remarkable craftsmanship f Chinese artisans, but it als carries prfund cultural meanings, ften symblizing gd luck, happiness, and prsperity. It’s a wnderful way t experience the charm f Chinese culture firsthand.
I believe yur presentatin will be a great success. Gd luck!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】作文本篇书面表达属于应用文。外国好友Jim打算在学校举办的世界非物质文化遗产展示周中介绍中国非物质文化遗产，要求考生按照要求用英文给他提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
兴奋的：thrilled → excited
推荐：recmmend → nminate
展现：shwcase → shw
非凡的：remarkable → extrardinary
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I’m thrilled t hear that yu’re intrducing Chinese intangible cultural heritage at the Wrld Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibitin Week.
拓展句：Hearing that yu’re intrducing Chinese intangible cultural heritage at the Wrld Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibitin Week, I’m thrilled.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m thrilled t hear that yu’re intrducing Chinese intangible cultural heritage at the Wrld Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibitin Week.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Nt nly des it shwcase the remarkable craftsmanship f Chinese artisans, but it als carries prfund cultural meanings, ften symblizing gd luck, happiness, and prsperity.（运用了nt nly位于句首的部分倒装句和现在分词作状语）
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