北京市顺义区2025届高三下学期3月一模试题 英语 含解析

这是一份北京市顺义区2025届高三下学期3月一模试题 英语 含解析，共17页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用 （共两节，30分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Over 20 years ag, Virginia Squier led sme students t visit England. She als brught alng her 8-year-ld daughter Chambers.
One day at arund 5 pm, they were n a packed ___1___ in the Lndn Undergrund. While Squier began cunting her students, a train stpped. Suddenly, her daughter ___2___ Squier’s hand, jumped n the train, and the drs began t clse. Seeing her daughter’s ___3___ face thrugh the glass, Squier’s heart raced, and she shuted desperately, trying t reach ut t Chambers. But the train gathered ___4___ and pulled ut f the statin. The last thing she saw was Chambers crying and punding her small fists against the glass. Behind Chambers, a yung man dressed in black leather with a dg cllar arund his neck rse and started ___5___ Chambers.
Terrified, Squier searched fr an emplyee. But the language barrier made her situatin ___6___ . When Squier fcused n getting the emplyee t understand her request, “She’s back,” her students said. Squier turned and there was her little girl. The man n the train had witnessed what had happened and stepped in t help. He ___7___ Chambers and guided her ff the train at the next stp. They then barded anther train headed back t her mther.
“My previus thught that he was ___8___ was destryed,” Squier said. “I remember lking up at him and then breaking dwn, hugging my sbbing (啜泣) child. When I lked up again t thank him, he was gne.”
Squier says the man didn’t just save her daughter. He changed the way she ___9___ the wrld, and taught her t be a mre ____10____ persn. T this day, she remembers him whenever she’s abut t judge smene by appearance.
1. A. bridgeB. platfrmC. stairD. walkway
2. A. fell back nB. held upC. played withD. let g f
3. A. expressiveB. seriusC. panickedD. indifferent
4. A. steamB. speedC. passengersD. gds
5. A. seizingB. draggingC. apprachingD. helping
6. A. difficultB. manageableC. unstableD. unique
7. A. praisedB. cmfrtedC. scaredD. challenged
8. A. frighteningB. mysteriusC. sympatheticD. ambitius
9. A. keeps ffB. makes upC. turns tD. mves thrugh
10. A. gratefulB. inspiringC. carefulD. accepting
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
Very heavy traffic n a highway, tw small children were making life challenging fr their parents. A teenager asked ___11___ he culd help. With the parents’ ___12___ (permit), he started t play games with them. Sn, the children stpped crying. As the parents were abut t get ff the bus, they thanked the teen ___13___ (sincere) and the teen said he was happy t help.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
Chinese researchers have disclsed a nvel applicatin f the Earth science satellite SDGSAT-1 fr bserving ffshre il and gas platfrms. The study, led ___14___ researchers frm the Chinese Academy f Sciences (CAS), was recently published in the Internatinal Jurnal f Digital Earth. The functins f the satellite enable researchers t map platfrm peratins with greater precisin. ___15___ (develp) by the CAS, the satellite prvides imprtant space-based data ___16___ (prmte) sustainable develpment.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
Lcated in Lancang River basin, Jingmai Muntain ___17___ (list) as the first Wrld Heritage (遗产) f tea culture in 2023. With nearly 2,000 years f tea plantatin histry, the heritage site cnsists f five ld tea frests ___18___ (cver) an area f 1,180 hectares. The landscape ___19___ (integrate) vast tea plantatins, ancient villages and diverse ethnic (民族的) cultures. It’s cnsidered a harmnius cexistence between humans and nature, ___20___ als shws lcal peple’s wisdm t respect and make use f nature.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
ARTEFFECT
The ARTEFFECT annual cmpetitin invites all students in grades 6-12 t interpret the stry f an unsung her by creating an riginal visual artwrk. Selected artwrks will receive cnsideratin fr display in ARTEFFECT exhibitins.
Rules & Guidelines
·The use f Artificial Intelligence (AI) tls by students is prhibited at any stage f the creative prcess. Be advised that submitted artwrks and Impact Statements will be scanned fr AI usage.
·Student artwrks must fcus n an unsung her chsen frm the pre-apprved list, therwise, students must seek apprval frm ARTEFFECT prir t submitting their entry.
·Students may interpret the stries in varius ways including — but nt limited t — cnceptual frms, symbls and abstractin. Multiple 2D and 3D mediums are acceptable including paintings, prints, digital art, and sculpture. There is n size limit.
·In the Impact Statement (500-1,000 wrds), students discuss the unsung her's unique cntributin, their creative prcess and interpretatin, and plans fr sharing their artwrks with thers. The writing uses standard English cnventins.
Submissin materials
·A fully cmpleted nline frm, including student and parent r legal guardian digital signatures.
·High-reslutin artwrk images (jpg r png frmat, 5 MB limit). At least ne image is required fr 2D artwrks, and three images are required fr 3D artwrks.
·A written Impact Statement.
Entries t the cmpetitin are submitted nline by the deadline n Sunday, April 27,
2025. There is n entry fee.
21. What d we knw abut ARTEFFECT?
A. It takes place twice a year.B. It displays artwrks by heres.
C. It is pen t students aged 6-12.D. It tells stries f unsung heres.
22. Accrding t the rules and guidelines, students culd ____________.
A. create a visual artwrk f any sizeB. use AI tls in the creative prcess
C. write a 2,000-wrd Impact StatementD. chse an unsung her withut apprval
23. Which is a requirement fr submissin?
A. Getting a teacher’s digital signature.B. Sending the entry by April 27.
C. Attaching phts f the artist.D. Paying the entry fee.
B
In 2010, fur friends, carrying 32 kg wrth f camera equipment, sunk beneath the waves f Sdwana Bay, ff the east cast f Suth Africa. It was then that phtgrapher, Laurent Ballesta stared directly int the eyes f a creature nce thught t have died ut with the dinsaurs — making him the first diver t phtgraph a living celacanth (腔棘鱼).
But what des it take t be a truly great cean phtgrapher? Danger, says Ballesta. “I realised that every time a dive is easy, my phts are nt gd,” he says. “I need t feel I’m in an uncmfrtable situatin t give my best. If yu put me in the Red Sea in 20 m f warm water — I dn’t take better images than thers.” In an extreme situatin n the ther hand — ne in which he feels he shuldn’t be allwed, that his time is limited, there is an urgency — a switch clicks.
Thanks t Ballesta’s wrk, we nw knw the celacanth is amng the lngest-living fish species, with a life f arund 100 years, and has ne f the slwest life histries f all cean fish. Lng-lived species are especially sensitive t natural and human stressrs, and it is nly by bserving these creatures in their wn habitat that we can really begin t understand them.
The celacanth explratin was a springbard fr Ballesta’s explratin career. In2019, Ballesta pineered a new diving technique, which wuld allw cmmercial divers t sink t great depths. He used an electrnically managed rebreather fr autnmus deep sea explratin — making him the first persn t take what culd be described as an untied spacewalk deep under the cean.
Ballesta is bth an artist and a scientist. His wrk acts as a windw int the unknwn — ne that we can all lk thrugh.
24. What was Laurent Ballesta’s significant achievement in 2010?
A. Explring beneath the Sdwana Bay.B. Taking phts f a living celacanth.
C. Finding the secret f dinsaur extinctin.D. Diving with the heaviest camera equipment.
25. What makes Laurent Ballesta give his best?
A. Fierce cmpetitins.B. New diving technique.
C. Sea animal knwledge.D. Challenging situatins.
26. We learn that lng-lived fish species ___________.
A. live a life f ver 100 yearsB. have the slwest life histries
C. are sensitive t human activitiesD. are easy t adapt t new ecsystems
27. What kind f persn is Laurent Ballesta?
A. Careful and passinate.B. Brave and creative.
C. Mdest and hardwrking.D. Tugh and cmpetitive.
C
The Great Tit is ne f the mst familiar bird species in Eurpe and Asia — and ne f the mst interesting. The species shws a cgnitive (认知的) capacity that is amazing fr a slight bird weighing nly 18 grams. It prduces false alarms t scare ther birds ff seed feeders and kncks n kitchen windws t get feeders refilled. On cld winter days Great Tits drum n beehives, whereupn the bees will cme walking ut, easy victim fr the hungry birds. In cmbinatin with the bird’s brad fd preferences, its cleverness has resulted in an unusual respnse t urbanizatin.
By “unusual,” I mean that Great Tits nt nly get by but thrive. Urbanizatin, which invlves land develpment, is an increasing prblem fr wild animals the wrld ver. Stressrs such as pllutin, nise, artificial light and the lwer-quality fd fund in cities are cnsidered unhealthy fr animals. In a study, I measured levels f CORT, a cmmn stress hrmne in birds, in 188 urban and rural Great Tits. Cntrary t expectatins, the urban birds had cnsistently lwer levels f CORT than frest birds. This finding is even mre remarkable when yu cnsider that urban ppulatins are denser than frest nes, which shuld increase cmpetitin fr territries and fd and hence ramp up stress.
Adaptability has als allwed Great Tits t clnize (占据) a habitat that is in bvius cntrast t an urban ne. Originating in the temperate deciduus (落叶的) frests, the little bird is nw cmmn in breal cniferus frests (北方针叶林). The species lived and grew in large numbers in nrthern Sweden in the early 1900s during the cnstructin f railrads. Bird feeding has a lng traditin in this cuntry, and the rail builders tk a liking t the birds, nailing up their leftver prk fat at the entrances t the huts where they slept. As the railrads extended nrthward, the Great Tits fllwed. Nwadays they are cmmn in this habitat, but when the cld winter takes hld, they leave the frests and emerge at bird feeders in nearby twns and farms.
Cgnitin in the Paridae (山雀科) family is interesting and different species practice ne f tw entirely different wintering strategies. Unlike their clse relatives, which are specialists that stre many thusands f fd items in separate lcatins as winter fd, the Great Tits, in cntrast, d nt stre fd at all. Curius and innvative, they instead btain fd in all pssible and seemingly impssible ways, especially frm humans.
The mre we learn abut animal cgnitin, the better we will be able t answer questins n many questins invlving the awareness f animals: Is it justifiable, fr example, t keep cgnitively advanced animals such as apes and dlphins caged?
28. What d we knw abut the Great Tit?
A. It respnds t urbanizatin ut f expectatin.
B. It frightens away ther birds t defend territry.
C. It mainly relies n human-prvided fd surces.
D. It transfrms urban stressrs int survival advantages.
29. What des the phrase “ramp up” underlined in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Adjust sharply.B. Maintain stably.C. Increase gradually.D. Vary cnsistently.
30. What can be inferred frm paragraph 3?
A. Weather cnditin drives Great Tits urbanized.
B. Great Tits prefer habitats with bird feeding traditin.
C. Human behavir helps t increase the number f Great Tits.
D. Cgnitin enables Great Tits t survive varied envirnment.
31. It is implied in this passage that we shuld __________.
A. leave a little rm fr animals t use their smarts
B. give animals justifiable rights t cmpete fr habitats
C. build mre reserves t keep cgnitively advanced animals
D. cnduct mre researches invlving the awareness f animals
D
Imagine yu’re driving dwn the highway and ntice that yu are running lw n fuel. Yur GPS shws 10 gas statins ahead n yur rute. Naturally, yu want the cheapest ptin. D yu cntinue explring and risk regret fr rejecting the bird in hand? Yu wn’t duble back, s yu face a nw-r-never chice. What strategy maximizes yur chances f picking the cheapest statin? Researchers have studied this “best-chice prblem”, which suggests that humans tend t fall shrt f the ptimal (最优的) strategy.
Amazingly, the ptimal strategy results in the number-ne pick being selected almst 37 percent f the time, and its success rate desn’t depend n the number f candidates. Even with a billin ptins and a refusal t settle fr secnd best, yu culd find yur needle in a haystack (干草垛) mre than a third f the time. The winning strategy is simple: Reject the first arund 37 percent f the chices n matter what. Then pick the first ptin that is better than all the thers yu've encuntered s far. (If yu never find such an ptin, take the final ne.)
Adding t the fun, mathematicians’ favrite little cnstant, e= , rears its head in the slutin. Als knwn as Euler’s number, e hlds fame fr crpping up all acrss the mathematical landscape in seemingly unrelated settings — including in the best-chice prblem. In fact, thse references t 37 percent in the ptimal strategy and crrespnding prbability f success are actually 1/e, r abut magic number cmes frm the tensin between wanting t see enugh samples t feel infrmatin f ptins and nt wanting t wait t lng in case the best pass yu by. The prf argues that 1/e balances these frces.
The prblem generates thusands f hits n the internet as mathematicians cntinue t study its many variants: What if yu’re allwed t pick mre than ne ptin, and yu win if any f yur chices are the best? What if an ppnent chse the rdering f the ptins t trick yu? What if yu dn’t require the abslute best chice and wuld feel satisfied with secnd r third? Researchers study such when-t-stp scenaris (设想) in a branch f math called ptimal stpping thery.
Research finds that peple tend t stp their search t early. S applying the 37 percent rule culd imprve yur decisin-making, but be sure t duble-check that yur situatin meets all the cnditins: a knwn number f rankable ptins is being presented ne at a time in any rder, yu want the best, and yu can’t duble back.
32. Why des the authr mentin the cnstant e in Paragraph 3?
A. Justify a cmparisn.B. Evaluate a statement.
C. Prvide a theretical basis.D. Prpse a new slutin.
33. Which situatin mst agrees with the strategy mentined in the passage?
A. Evaluate every candidate.B. Skip sme lunch specials.
C. Buy the latest reference bk.D. Jin the shrtest checkut line.
34. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Why Peple Often Fail in Making the Best Decisins.
B. The Best Decisin Depends n Yur Math Ability.
C. Hw t Cnnect Optimal Strategy with the Magic e.
D. Elegant Math Prblem Finds the Best Chices.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether it’s the ech (回声) f beeping tills in a supermarket r the hissing f a cffee machine in yur lcal café, the brain is cnstantly wrking t decde (解码) hundreds f nises each day.
But fr individuals like 25-year-ld Sphie, these backgrund nises can be stressful. ___35___ She says she can’t figure ut where they’re cming frm and can’t cmpute them fast enugh. After a hearing test came back nrmal, Sphie met a private audilgist (听觉矫正专家) fr further testing. She was eventually diagnsed (诊断) with auditry prcessing disrder (APD). ___36___ Hwever, her audilgist believes the veruse f nise-canceling headphnes, which Sphie wears fr up t five hurs a day, culd have a part t play.
Nise-canceling headphnes d have advantages fr lng-term ear health. But sme experts warn that by blcking everyday sunds, the brain may “frget” hw t filter (过滤) nise. ___37___ Over-reliance n nise-canceling headphnes during this perid might delay the ability t prcess speech and nise. Great Ormnd Street Hspital fr Children have seen an increase in demand fr assessments f children struggling t hear certain wrds in nisy envirnments. ___38___ Audilgists are calling fr mre research int the impact f nise-canceling headphnes n teen’s auditry prcessing.
___39___ Mbile apps with “wrd in nise” training exercises are ppular fr helping patients distinguish speech frm backgrund nise. Additinally, micrphnes and lw-gain hearing aids can assist in specific situatins. Chsing headphnes that dn’t cmpletely blck the ears is als suggested.
A. The cause f Sphie’s APD diagnsis is unknwn.
B. Treatment fr APD can make a significant psitive difference.
C. Despite having nrmal hearing, she ften struggles t recgnize vices.
D. She wuld leave bars and restaurants early because f the stressful nise.
E. They nte that the high-level listening skills dn’t fully develp until late teens.
F. One survey shwed 61% f 18-24 year lds prefer t watch TV with subtitles n.
G. Hearing a diversity f sunds helps the brain decide what is imprtant t fcus n.
第三部分 书面表达 （共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The famus marshmallw (棉花糖) test, where children were given the chice between eating ne marshmallw immediately r waiting fr tw later, may have revealed mre than just willpwer — it might help explain why sme peple maintain sharper cgnitive functin as they age. A recent research suggests that the ability t delay satisfactin culd help prtect peple frm develping memry r thinking prblems.
Think f yur brain as a muscle that gets strnger with practice. Every time yu chse a lng-term benefit ver immediate pleasure, yu’re essentially ding a mental wrkut. This wrkut engages particularly the brain area that is respnsible fr planning, reasning, and cntrlling urges. Regularly exercising self-cntrl may help maintain cgnitive functin.
The science behind this cnnectin is fascinating. When we resist immediate rewards, we stimulate “cl” regulatin strategies in the ratinal (理性的) reasning center f decisin-making. In cntrast, giving in t immediate satisfactin typically invlves “ht” strategies in the brain areas assciated with emtinal decisin-making. The mre we practice using these “cl” strategies, the strnger ur brain pathways becme. This culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems.
The gd news is that these skills can be develped at any age. Simple strategies like setting specific gals, creating detailed actin plans, and using mnitring techniques can help. Als, physical activity plays a particularly imprtant rle.
Remember, it’s never t late t start building these prtective cgnitive skills. The key is cnsistent practice and a cnscius (有意识的) effrt t make chices that priritize lng-term benefits ver immediate rewards.
40. Accrding t the recent research, what culd the ability t delay satisfactin help?
______________________________________________________
41. Which brain area des delayed satisfactin particularly wrk ut?
______________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
As we grw lder, we can strengthen ur brain pathways that culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems.
______________________________________________________
43. Please share ne f yur experiences f delayed satisfactin. （In abut 40wrds）
______________________________________________________
第二节 （20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。中国电影《哪吒之魔童闹海》（简称《哪吒2》）在全球放映，你的英国笔友Jim看过之后非常喜欢，发来邮件请你推荐另外一部中国电影。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1.电影的内容；
2.推荐的理由。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分 知识运用 （共两节，30分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Squier带学生去英国参观时，在地铁上与女儿走散，一个外表看似吓人的年轻人帮助了她女儿的故事，这件事改变了她对世界的看法。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午5点左右，他们在伦敦地铁拥挤的站台上。A. bridge桥；B. platfrm站台；C. stair楼梯；D. walkway走道，人行通道。根据下文“a train stpped”可知，火车停了，说明他们在站台上等火车。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，她的女儿松开了Squier的手，跳上了火车，车门开始关闭。A. fell back n求助于；B. held up举起；C. played with和……一起玩；D. let g f放开。根据下文“jumped n the train, and the drs began t clse”可知，女儿跳上了火车，说明她放开了妈妈的手。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：透过玻璃看到她女儿那张惊慌失措的脸，Squier的心怦怦直跳，她绝望地喊着，试图接触到Chambers。A. expressive有表现力的；B. serius严肃的；C. panicked惊慌失措的；D. indifferent漠不关心的。根据上文“Suddenly, her daughter let g f Squier's hand, jumped n the train, and the drs began t clse”可知，女儿突然放开了妈妈的手，跳上了火车，所以此时她的脸上应该是惊慌失措的。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但火车加快了速度，驶出了车站。A. steam蒸汽；B. speed速度；C. passengers乘客；D. gds货物。根据下文“and pulled ut f the statin”可知，火车驶出了车站，说明它加快了速度。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Chambers身后，一个穿着黑色皮衣，脖子上戴着狗项圈的年轻人站了起来，开始靠近Chambers。A. seizing抓住；B. dragging拖拽；C. appraching靠近；D. helping帮助。根据下文“The man n the train had witnessed what had happened and stepped in t help”可知，火车上的这个男人目睹了发生的一切，并且站出来帮忙，说明此时他正靠近Chambers。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但语言障碍使她的处境变得困难。A. difficult困难的；B. manageable可管理的；C. unstable不稳定的；D. unique独特的。根据上文“Terrified, Squier searched fr an emplyee”可知，Squier很害怕，她在找工作人员帮忙，再结合but可知，此处前后为转折关系，所以可推测出因为语言障碍，她的情况变得很困难。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他安慰了Chambers，并在下一站引导她下了火车。A. praised表扬；B. cmfrted安慰；C. scared使害怕；D. challenged挑战。根据下文“hugging my sbbing (啜泣) child”可知，作者的女儿在啜泣，说明此时这个男人在安慰她。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我之前认为他很吓人的想法被摧毁了。A. frightening吓人的；B. mysterius神秘的；C. sympathetic同情的；D. ambitius有野心的。根据上文“a yung man dressed in black leather with a dg cllar arund his neck”可知，这个男人穿着黑色皮衣，脖子上戴着狗项圈，所以作者之前认为他很吓人。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他改变了她看待世界的方式，并教会了她要做一个更能接受别人的人。A. keeps ff避开；B. makes up组成；C. turns t转向；D. mves thrugh穿过，经历。根据下文“the wrld”可知，此处指看待世界的方式，用mve thrugh符合语境。故选D。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他改变了她看待世界的方式，并教会了她要做一个更能接受别人的人。A. grateful感激的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. careful仔细的；D. accepting接受的。根据上文“Squier says the man didn’t just save her daughter”以及作者之前的经历可知，这个男人不仅救了她的女儿，还改变了她对别人的看法，让她更能接受别人，不再以貌取人。故选D。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】11. if##whether
12. permissin
13. sincerely
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位青少年主动帮助一对父母带小孩的故事。
【11题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：一个青少年询问是否可以帮忙。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词意为“是否”，需用连接词whether/if引导。故填whether/if。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：在得到父母的允许后，他开始和孩子们玩起了游戏。parents’是名词所有格，修饰名词，空处需填名词permissin，为不可数名词。故填permissin。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：当父母准备下车时，他们真诚地感谢了那个青少年，而青少年表示他很乐意帮忙。修饰动词thanked，需用副词sincerely，作状语。故填sincerely。
【答案】14. by 15. Develped
16. t prmte
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家关于地球科学卫星SDGSAT-1在观测近海油气平台方面的一项新应用。
【14题详解】
考查介词。句意：这项由中国科学院（CAS）研究人员主导的研究最近发表在《国际数字地球期刊》上。此处led为过去分词作定语，表被动，因此用介词by引出施动者。故填by。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该卫星由中国科学院研发，提供了重要的天基数据，以促进可持续发展。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the satellite和develp为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Develped。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处作目的状语，需用动词不定式。故填t prmte。
【答案】17. was listed
18. cvering
19. integrates
20. which
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2023年被列为首个茶文化世界遗产的景迈山，包括其地理位置、悠久的茶叶种植历史、构成以及重要意义。
【17题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：景迈山位于澜沧江流域，2023年被列为首个茶文化世界遗产。Jingmai Muntain与list之间是被动关系，即景迈山被列为世界遗产，根据时间状语“in 2023”可知，使用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语Jingmai Muntain是单数。故填was listed。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该遗产地拥有近2000年的茶树种植历史，由五片古老的茶园组成，占地面积1180公顷。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰five ld tea frests，二者为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填cvering。
【19题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这片景观融合了广阔的茶园、古老的村落和多样的民族文化。句子描述的是景迈山的一般特征，用一般现在时，主语The landscape是单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式integrates。故填integrates。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它被视为人与自然和谐共存的典范，同时也展现了当地人民尊重自然、利用自然的智慧。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了ARTEFFECT年度比赛的相关信息，包括比赛主题、规则与指南以及提交材料的要求等信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The ARTEFFECT annual cmpetitin invites all students in grades 6-12 t interpret the stry f an unsung her by creating an riginal visual artwrk.(ARTEFFECT年度比赛邀请所有6-12年级的学生通过创作原创视觉艺术作品来诠释一位无名英雄的故事。)”可知，ARTEFFECT是讲述无名英雄的故事。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rules & Guidelines部分的“Student artwrks must fcus n an unsung her chsen frm the pre-apprved list, therwise, students must seek apprval frm ARTEFFECT prir t submitting their entry.(学生的艺术作品必须聚焦于从预先批准的名单中选择的一位无名英雄，否则，学生在提交作品前必须获得ARTEFFECT的批准。)”和“There is n size limit.(（作品）没有尺寸限制。)”可知，根据规则和指南，学生可以创作任何尺寸的视觉艺术作品。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Submissin materials部分的“Entries t the cmpetitin are submitted nline by the deadline n Sunday, April 27, 2025. There is n entry fee.(参赛作品需于2025年4月27日（周日）截止日期前在线提交，无需参赛费。)”可知，提交的要求是在4月27日之前提交作品。故选B。
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了海洋摄影师Laurent Ballesta在2010年拍摄到了被认为已经灭绝的腔棘鱼的活体照片，这一成就开启了他的探索生涯。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“It was then that phtgrapher, Laurent Ballesta stared directly int the eyes f a creature nce thught t have died ut with the dinsaurs — making him the first diver t phtgraph a living celacanth.(就在那时，摄影师Laurent Ballesta直视着一种曾被认为与恐龙一起灭绝的生物的眼睛——这使他成为第一个拍摄到活体腔棘鱼照片的潜水员。)”可知，Laurent Ballesta在2010年的重大成就是拍摄到活着的腔棘鱼的照片。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I need t feel I’m in an uncmfrtable situatin t give my best.(我需要感觉到自己处于不舒服的环境中，才能全力以赴。)”可知，让Laurent Ballesta全力以赴的是具有挑战性的环境。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Lng-lived species are especially sensitive t natural and human stressrs.(长寿物种对自然和人类压力因素特别敏感。)”可知，长寿鱼类对人类活动很敏感。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“I need t feel I’m in an uncmfrtable situatin t give my best.(我需要感觉到自己处于不舒服的环境中，才能全力以赴。)”和第四段“He used an electrnically managed rebreather fr autnmus deep sea explratin — making him the first persn t take what culd be described as an untied spacewalk deep under the cean.(他使用电子管理的循环呼吸器进行自主深海探索——这使他成为第一个在深海进行所谓‘无束缚太空漫步’的人。)”此可知，Laurent Ballesta是一个勇敢且有创造力的人。故选B。
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了大山雀这种鸟类，包括其认知能力、对城市化的适应、栖息地的变化以及其在冬季的生存策略，并引发了对动物认知能力和对待动物方式的思考。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“In cmbinatin with the bird’s brad fd preferences, its cleverness has resulted in an unusual respnse t urbanizatin.(再加上这种鸟对食物的广泛偏好，它的聪明导致了它对城市化做出了不同寻常的反应。)”和第二段“By “unusual,” I mean that Great Tits nt nly get by but thrive.(所说的“不同寻常”是指大山雀不仅过得去，而且茁壮成长。)”以及“Cntrary t expectatins, the urban birds had cnsistently lwer levels f CORT than frest birds.(与预期相反，城市鸟类的CORT水平一直低于森林鸟类。)”可知，大山雀对城市化的适应情况出乎意料，它不仅适应了城市化，而且还在城市中茁壮成长。故选A。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“This finding is even mre remarkable when yu cnsider that urban ppulatins are denser than frest nes, which shuld increase cmpetitin fr territries and fd and hence ramp up stress.(当你考虑到城市种群比森林种群更密集时，这一发现就更加引人注目了，这应该会增加对领地和食物的竞争，从而_____压力。)”可知，城市种群更密集，对领地和食物的竞争应该会增加，从而“增加”压力，由此可知，“ramp up”在此处意为“增加”。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Adaptability has als allwed Great Tits t clnize (占据) a habitat that is in bvius cntrast t an urban ne. Originating in the temperate deciduus (落叶的) frests, the little bird is nw cmmn in breal cniferus frests (北方针叶林).(适应能力也让大山雀能够在与城市截然不同的栖息地中定居。这种小鸟起源于温带落叶林，现在在北方针叶林中很常见。)”可知，大山雀不仅适应了城市环境，还能在北方针叶林这样的不同环境中生存，这体现了它的认知能力使其能够适应不同的环境。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The mre we learn abut animal cgnitin, the better we will be able t answer questins n many questins invlving the awareness f animals: Is it justifiable, fr example, t keep cgnitively advanced animals such as apes and dlphins caged?(我们对动物认知了解得越多，我们就能越好地回答许多涉及动物意识的问题：例如，把认知能力高的动物，如猿和海豚关在笼子里，这是合理的吗？)”可知，我们应该尊重动物的认知能力，给它们留出一些空间，让它们能够自由地发挥自己的聪明才智。故选A。
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“最佳选择问题”的最优策略，即37%法则，以及该策略背后的数学原理和应用条件。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Als knwn as Euler’s number, e hlds fame fr crpping up all acrss the mathematical landscape in seemingly unrelated settings — including in the best-chice prblem. In fact, thse references t 37 percent in the ptimal strategy and crrespnding prbability f success are actually 1/e, r abut 0.368. (e也被称为欧拉数，它在数学领域以出现在看似无关的环境中而闻名，包括在最佳选择问题中。事实上，最优策略中提到的37%和相应的成功概率实际上是1/e，即约0.368。)”可知，作者提到常数e是为了给“最佳选择问题”的最优策略提供一个理论基础，说明37%这个比例是如何得出的。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The winning strategy is simple: Reject the first arund 37 percent f the chices n matter what. Then pick the first ptin that is better than all the thers yu've encuntered s far. (获胜的策略很简单：无论如何，先拒绝前37%左右的选择。然后选择第一个比你到目前为止遇到的所有其他选择都更好的选项。)”可知，文章中提到的策略是先观察一部分选项，然后从中选择最好的，这与“跳过一些午餐特价菜，然后从中选择最满意的”这一情境最为相似，即都涉及到先跳过一部分选项再做选择。故选B。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了“最佳选择问题”的最优策略，即37%法则，以及该策略背后的数学原理和应用条件。文章的重点在于介绍这个数学问题和它的解决方案，因此选项D“优雅的数学问题找到了最佳选择”最能概括文章的主旨，作为标题最合适。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
【答案】35. C 36. A 37. E 38. F 39. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以Sphie患听觉处理障碍(APD)为例，介绍了APD，分析了可能的原因，如过度使用降噪耳机，并提及了相应的治疗方法。
【35题详解】
上文“But fr individuals like 25 year ld Sphie, these backgrund nises can be stressful.(但对于像25岁的索菲这样的人来说，这些背景噪音可能会带来压力)”指出Sphie会因背景噪音感到压力。C选项“Despite having nrmal hearing, she ften struggles t recgnize vices.(尽管听力正常，但她经常难以辨认声音)”进一步说明了Sphie在听觉方面的困扰，与上文提到的背景噪音带来压力相呼应，且与下文“She says she can’t figure ut where they’re cming frm and can’t cmpute them fast enugh.(她说她搞不清声音从哪里来，也不能快速处理这些声音)”衔接紧密。故选C项。
【36题详解】
下文“Hwever, her audilgist believes the veruse f nise canceling headphnes, which Sphie wears fr up t five hurs a day, culd have a part t play.(然而，她的听觉矫正专家认为，索菲每天佩戴长达五小时的降噪耳机过度使用可能起到了一定作用)”中“Hwever”表示转折，说明前面对于Sphie患APD的原因是不确定的。A选项“The cause f Sphie’s APD diagnsis is unknwn.(索菲被诊断出患有APD的原因尚不清楚)”符合上下文逻辑。故选A项。
【37题详解】
下文“Over reliance n nise canceling headphnes during this perid might delay the ability t prcess speech and nise.(在这个时期过度依赖降噪耳机可能会延迟处理语音和噪音的能力)”提到了“this perid”，说明前面应该提到了一个特定的时期。E选项“They nte that the high level listening skills dn’t fully develp until late teens.(他们指出，高级听力技能直到青少年晚期才会完全发展)”指出了高级听力技能发展的时期，与下文的“this perid”相呼应。故选E项。
【38题详解】
上文“Great Ormnd Street Hspital fr Children have seen an increase in demand fr assessments f children struggling t hear certain wrds in nisy envirnments.(大奥蒙德街儿童医院发现，对在嘈杂环境中难以听清某些单词的儿童进行评估的需求有所增加)”说明儿童在嘈杂环境中听力有问题的情况增多。F选项“One survey shwed 61% f 18-24 year lds prefer t watch TV with subtitles n.(一项调查显示，61%的18-24岁的人更喜欢看带字幕的电视)”进一步举例说明年轻人在听力方面可能存在的问题，与上文内容相关。故选F项。
【39题详解】
下文“Mbile apps with ‘wrd in nise’ training exercises are ppular fr helping patients distinguish speech frm backgrund nise. Additinally, micrphnes and lw gain hearing aids can assist in specific situatins. Chsing headphnes that dn’t cmpletely blck the ears is als suggested.(带有‘噪音中的单词’训练练习的移动应用程序很受欢迎，可帮助患者从背景噪音中分辨出语音。此外，麦克风和低增益助听器可以在特定情况下提供帮助。还建议选择不完全堵住耳朵的耳机)”介绍了治疗APD的方法。B选项“Treatment fr APD can make a significant psitive difference.(对APD的治疗可以产生显著的积极影响)”引出下文关于治疗方法的内容。故选B项。
第三部分 书面表达 （共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
. It culd help prtect peple frm develping memry r thinking prblems.
41. The brain area that is respnsible fr planning, reasning, and cntrlling urges.
42. As we grw lder, we can strengthen ur brain pathways that culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems.
At any age, we can strengthen ur brain pathways that culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems.
43. 开放题
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了延迟满足感可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“A recent research suggests that the ability t delay satisfactin culd help prtect peple frm develping memry r thinking prblems.(最近的一项研究表明，延迟满足感的能力可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。)”可知，延迟满足感的能力可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。故答案为It culd help prtect peple frm develping memry r thinking prblems.。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“This wrkut engages particularly the brain area that is respnsible fr planning, reasning, and cntrlling urges.(这种锻炼特别涉及到负责计划、推理和控制冲动的大脑区域。)”可知，延迟满足感特别锻炼负责计划、推理和控制冲动的大脑区域。故答案为The brain area that is respnsible fr planning, reasning, and cntrlling urges.。
【42题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第四段“The gd news is that these skills can be develped at any age.(好消息是，这些技能可以在任何年龄培养。)”可知，好消息是，在任何年龄，我们都可以加强我们的大脑通路，这有助于延缓或防止记忆丧失或思维问题。故As we grw lder错误，应改为At any age。故答案为As we grw lder, we can strengthen ur brain pathways that culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems. At any age, we can strengthen ur brain pathways that culd help delay r prevent memry lss r thinking prblems.。
【43题详解】
考查开放性试题。根据第一段“A recent research suggests that the ability t delay satisfactin culd help prtect peple frm develping memry r thinking prblems.(最近的一项研究表明，延迟满足感的能力可以帮助保护人们不出现记忆或思维问题。)”结合自己延迟满足感的经历，讲述一件延迟满足感的事情。故答案为One day, I really wanted t buy a new game, but I had a test cming up. I decided t wait and study fr the test instead. After ding well n the test, I felt mre satisfied and rewarded, knwing I had priritized my respnsibilities.（开放性试题，答案合理即可）
第二节 （20分）
44. 【答案】范文1：
Dear Jim,
Glad t hear yu enjyed Nezha 2. Nw, I’d highly recmmend Uprar in Heaven.
This film, prduced in the 1960s, is based n the early chapters f the famus Chinese classic Jurney t the West. It tells the stry f Sun Wukng, the Mnkey King, and his resistance against the Emperr in Heaven.
I recmmend it because it’s a masterpiece f Chinese animatin, shwcasing traditinal art frms like Peking Opera in its character design and mvement. Plus, it ffers a great intrductin t ne f China’s mst famus fictitius figures and belved stries! I believe it’s a visually wnderful and culturally significant film that’s sure t delight.（107）
Yurs,
Li Hua
范文2：
Dear Jim,
I'm s glad t hear yu enjyed Nezha 2 and I'd like t recmmend yu anther fantastic film deeply rted in Chinese traditinal culture: Cruching Tiger, Hidden Dragn.
This film, directed by Ang Lee, is a martial arts tale set in the Qing Dynasty. It tells a stry f lve, duty, and sacrifice. The film centers n a legendary swrd, the Green Destiny, and the lives it tuches.
I highly recmmend it because it beautifully shwcases traditinal Chinese values like hnr, faith, and respect fr elders. The film's wnderful visuals, cmbined with its attractive stry make it a truly unfrgettable cinematic experience. It als prvides insight int the wrld f martial arts spirit and explres the cmplexities f human relatinships. Hpe yu can enjy it.（125）
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jim回信，推荐另外一部中国电影。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
喜欢：enjy→be fnd f
著名的：famus→well-knwn
展示：shwcase→display
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This film, directed by Ang Lee, is a martial arts tale set in the Qing Dynasty.
拓展句：This film, which was directed by Ang Lee, is a martial arts tale set in the Qing Dynasty.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I recmmend it because it’s a masterpiece f Chinese animatin, shwcasing traditinal art frms like Peking Opera in its character design and mvement.（运用了because引导原因状语从句和现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]I believe it’s a visually wnderful and culturally significant film that’s sure t delight.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句和that引导的定语从句）