专题05 阅读理解应用文 -高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考通用）

专题05 阅读理解应用文目录 TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898652" 题型综述 2 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898652" 解题攻略 3 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898653" 题型01 “研读细节”题 3 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898654" 题型02 “寻找共同点”题 4 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898655" 题型03 “文章出处”题 7 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898656" 题型04 “数字计算”题  PAGEREF _Toc148898656 \h 9 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc148898657" 高考练场  PAGEREF _Toc148898657 \h 10题型简介应用文是高考英语阅读理解的常见文体，主要来源于真实生活，具有鲜明的语言特色。它们种类繁多、涵盖面广，涵盖生活的各个方面，如旅游景点介绍、校园活动安排、商品促销等内容。包括广告、书信、海报、指南、产品介绍、启事、招聘、书评等。应用文材料题材丰富多样，标题、小标题以及重要的信息通常会以加粗字体或标下划线的形式突出呈现。命题类型细节理解题：要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解，这类题目主要考查考生对文章具体细节信息的捕捉和理解能力。题干通常会明确指出某一具体信息点，如时间、地点、人物、事件等细节内容。常见的命题方式有事实认定题、图形辨认题、数字运算题等。细节推理题：考查考生根据文章的字面意思，通过分析语篇的逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。例如如果在一篇关于新的课程安排的通知中，提到了增加了一些科技相关的课程，我们可以推断学校可能在加强科技教育方面的重视程度。主旨大意题：考查考生对所读材料中心思想的概括，其考查形式有很多，如概括标题、主题、中心思想等。如：对于一篇活动介绍的应用文，主旨大意题可能会问这个活动主要是关于什么的，是体育比赛、文化交流还是其他类型的活动。解题思路浏览主题：快速浏览加粗字体的标题、小标题或加下划线的语句等最重要的信息，以了解语篇提供的是哪方面的信息，并判定行文方式。定位信息：首先，根据题干中的关键词（如人名、地名、时间等），快速在文章中定位相关信息。例如，如果题干问的是活动的举办地点，就寻找文中出现地点的部分。仔细比对：将选项内容与定位到的原文信息进行仔细比对，注意选项可能会对原文信息进行同义替换、颠倒顺序或者增减部分内容等干扰。稳、准、快：在确保准确率的基础上提高阅读速度，以节省时间。解题时，要做到快速而准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力。不要一字不落地阅读全文，这样会浪费很多时间，而是应该有选择地快速筛选和获取答题所需要的信息。猜词悟义：通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索推断词义。巧用排除法：排除与文中陈述的事实相反的选项、文中完全没有提到的内容的选项、与全文内容或句子意义不沾边的选项、不合情理或荒谬的选项、表示间接或次要因素的选项。题型01 “研读细节”题 细节理解类在高考阅读卷中占相当大比例，这类题考查对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节的理解，要求在快速阅读文章的同时，能从中获取某些特定的信息。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该类题的关键。细节理解题一般根据短文提供的信息和事实进行提问，命题人往往通过对文章细节加以改写来考查考生准确理解细节的能力。细节理解题在高考阅读理解中占有相当大的比例，一般包括：1．直接信息题——在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who，what，when，where，why和how等提问。2．间接信息题——需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理方能得出结论。PRIVATE VIEW/TOURPrivate Evening Talk and View for GroupsDrawing the Italian RenaissanceThe King’s Gallery, Buckingham Palace   The Queen’s Gallery has now become The King’s GalleryNext event: Monday, 4 Nov 2024   Every Monday, Thursday (Monday, 4 Nov 2024 – Thursday, 6 Mar 2025)18:30 – 20:00£45.00 per person/booking starting from £1,125Group size: 25-80 peopleIf you are a disabled visitor, your companion (旅伴) can enter for free.During this after-hours event, your group can explore more about Drawing the Italian Renaissance as part of a Private Evening Talk and View at The King’s Gallery, Buckingham Palace. On arrival, your group will enjoy a 30-minute introductory talk in English by an expert guide, before viewing the exhibition by yourselves.Price includes the talk, a private view of the exhibition and a glass of English Sparkling Wine in the Gallery Shop at the end of the visit.Please note, Private Evening Talk and Views are only for pre-booked groups. For bookings within the next 30 days, please telephone +44(0)303 123 7322 or email specialistsales@rct.uk.The money from your ticket helps support the Royal Collection Trust, which is a charity. The Trust’s goals are to protect the Royal Collection and to make it accessible and enjoyable through exhibitions, publications, and educational activities.13．What is required of visitors?A．Visiting in groups. B．Being in good health.C．Visiting on weekends. D．Booking a week earlier.14．What will visitors do first during the event?A．Enjoy the exhibition. B．Drink a glass of wine.C．Visit Buckingham Palace. D．Listen to an introductory talk.15．What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A．To explain what the Royal Collection is.B．To ask visitors to give money to the Trust.C．To praise the hard work of the event organizers.D．To tell visitors their money serves a good cause.【答案】13．A 14．D 15．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在白金汉宫的国王画廊举办的一项特别活动——关于“意大利文艺复兴绘画”的私人晚间讲座和观赏，详细说明了活动的时间、地点、参与方式、费用以及该活动对于支持皇家收藏信托基金的意义。13．细节理解题。根据文章小标题“Private Evening Talk and View for Groups Drawing the Italian Renaissance (为团队举办的意大利文艺复兴主题私人晚间讲座与参观活动) ”以及“Group size: 25-80 people (团队规模：25-80人)”可知，这项活动需要游客们组团参加。故选A。14．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“On arrival, your group will enjoy a 30-minute introductory talk in English by an expert guide, before viewing the exhibition by yourselves. (到达后，你们的团队将聆听专家导游用英文进行的30分钟介绍性讲解，然后自行参观展览)”可知，游客们在活动期间首先会聆听介绍性讲解。故选D。15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The money from your ticket helps support the Royal Collection Trust, which is a charity. (你的门票收入将用于支持皇家收藏信托，这是一个慈善机构)”可推知，本段主要目的是告诉游客他们的钱是用来做善事的。故选D。题型02 “寻找共同点”题 寻找共同点命题规律探究：1.“找共同点题”试题大多出现在应用文最后—题或第一题；2.属于复杂细节理解题，可能会涉及阅读材料多处；3.常见命题形式：What do the four... have in common?1.结构法：如果属于“总分总”结构，多从“总处”找依据；2.排除法：可以运用排除法，只要一项不合要求就应该排除；3.关键词法：依据题干划出关键词语，据此知道答案。Here’re some music festivals in America. Coachella Valley Music and Arts FestivalIt came into being 8 years later than Lollapalooza. It’s held on three-day weekends on end in April in California. In 2025, it’ll be from April 18th to 20th and April 25th to 27th. General admission costs $549. It not only features wonderful music performances but integrates various art forms such as sculptures and informal architectural art. There’re some events that aren’t charged. It’s one of the most highly-attended music festivals in America and around the world. Bonnaroo Music & Arts FestivalIt began in 2002, and it’s held annually in June in Manchester, Tennessee. In 2025, it’ll be from June 12th to 15th. Ticket prices vary each year. It provides camping sites and encourages the audience to camp during the festival. This camping culture enables the audience from all over the world to participate more deeply in the festival, share music and life with other music fans. LollapaloozaFounded four years later than South by Southwest, it takes place in Grant Park, Chicago, usually in August. In 2024, it was held from August 1st to 4th. One-day tickets started at $135, and four-day passes and hotel packages started at $385. It invites globally artists from different music fields, including rock, pop, electronic, hip-hop and other styles, satisfying the musical preferences of different audiences. South by SouthwestGenerally held in March, it began in 1987 in Austin, Texas. The prices vary significantly depending on the type of activity and pass. It attracts professionals from the global music, film, technology and other industries, including artists, producers, investors, media people, etc., providing them with an opportunity for exchange and cooperation.1．When did Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival begin?A．In 1983. B．In 1991. C．In 1995. D．In 1999.2．Which emphasizes the diverse music styles?A．Lollapalooza. B．Bonnaroo Music & Arts Festival.C．South by Southwest. D．Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival.3．What do the festivals have in common?A．They are held in the same state. B．They have international influence.C．They generally last four days. D．They offer some activities for free.【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了美国几个著名的音乐节，包括它们的起源、举办时间、地点、票价、特色以及受众等信息。1．细节理解题。根据Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival下的“It came into being 8 years later than Lollapalooza.(它比Lollapalooza晚了8年)”，Lollapalooza下的“Founded four years later than South by Southwest, it takes place in Grant Park, Chicago, usually in August.(创立时间比South by Southwest晚四年，通常在8月在芝加哥的格兰特公园举行)”以及South by Southwest下的“Generally held in March, it began in 1987 in Austin, Texas.(它于1987年在德克萨斯州的奥斯汀市开始，一般在3月举行)”可知，South by Southwest开始于1987年，由此可以计算出Lollapalooza成立于1991年，进而可知Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival成立于1999年。故选D项。2．细节理解题。根据Lollapalooza下的“It invites globally artists from different music fields, including rock, pop, electronic, hip-hop and other styles, satisfying the musical preferences of different audiences.(它邀请来自全球不同音乐领域的艺术家，包括摇滚，流行，电子，嘻哈等风格，满足不同观众的音乐喜好)”可知，Lollapalooza强调了多样化的音乐风格。故选A项。3．细节理解题。根据Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival下的“It’s one of the most highly-attended music festivals in America and around the world.(这是美国乃至全世界最受欢迎的音乐节之一)”，Bonnaroo Music & Arts Festival下的“This camping culture enables the audience from all over the world to participate more deeply in the festival, share music and life with other music fans.(这种露营文化让来自世界各地的观众更深入地参与到音乐节中，与其他乐迷分享音乐和生活)”，Lollapalooza下的“It invites globally artists from different music fields, including rock, pop, electronic, hip-hop and other styles, satisfying the musical preferences of different audiences.(它邀请来自全球不同音乐领域的艺术家，包括摇滚，流行，电子，嘻哈等风格，满足不同观众的音乐喜好)”以及South by Southwest下的“It attracts professionals from the global music, film, technology and other industries, including artists, producers, investors, media people, etc., providing them with an opportunity for exchange and cooperation.(它吸引了来自全球音乐、电影、科技等行业的专业人士，包括艺术家、制片人、投资者、媒体人等，为他们提供了交流与合作的机会)”可知，这些音乐节都提到了它们的影响力是全球性的。故选B项。题型03 “文章出处”题 “推断文章出处”类试题应从文章的内容或结构入手来判断其出处：研究报告类文章 (a research paper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。第一段概括介绍，然后分段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。图书评论类文章 (a book review)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。广告英语类文章 (an advertisement)：现代生活中广告无处不在，英语阅读理解也是如此。有时会考查微型海报、通知、启示、时刻表、图表等。科普杂志类文章 (a science magazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。教材课本类文章 (a geography textbook)：此类文章内容比较正式，语言规范，往往涉及到学科术语、专业性词汇、概念、理论等。课件展示类文章 (a class presentation)：此类文章往往紧扣主题，口语性强、语言活泼，形式新颖，伴随有图片、图表、文字介绍等信息。网络网页类文章 (an Internet page)：此类文章往往会提供超级链接标志，如For more information, please click here.做这类阅读理解题时，切不可凭自己的主观印象，或根据所谓的经验，想当然地确定答案。对待任何一个选项同，都应该在原文中找到相关线索，这就如同破译密码一样。解题人的思维过程和出题人的思维过程恰好相反，出题人先找好线索，然后设计问题和选项，而解题人根据问题，再去文中找相关线索。Four High School ClubsIn high schools, there are lots of clubs and fun things to do. Joining them helps you make friends with people who like the same things as you. It’s a good way to find your place in the school and meet others who share your hobbies and dreams.Art History ClubJoin the Art History Club to explore famous paintings and talk about art from the past. You’ll learn how to keep old art safe and you might visit museums. It’s great for students interested in art or taking AP Art History.Photography ClubIt is perfect for anyone who loves taking pictures and wants to learn more about it. You can chat with friends about cool ways to take great shots and look at famous photos together. Maybe you’ll even get to use a darkroom to develop your own photos. Plus, you can organize photo challenges with different themes and share your work with the club.The Film ClubIt is for movie fans and future filmmakers. You can watch amazing movies and make your own films with friends. It’s a chance to learn about directing and maybe even show your creations at film festivals or local events. It’s fun and a great way to explore the world of cinema.The Music ClubIt is a cool place for music lovers. You can listen to new tunes (曲子), write your own songs, or even learn how music is made. It’s a fun way to get into the arts and explore the world of music, which is like a language everyone can enjoy. Join and let your musical side shine!7．What is the main goal of joining the Photography Club?A．To become a photographer. B．To learn more about photography.C．To develop the latest skills in taking pictures. D．To chat with friends about school challenges.8．Which club suits students who like writing songs?A．Art History Club. B．Photography Club.C．The Film Club. D．The Music Club.9．Where is the passage most probably taken from?A．A book review. B．A local newspaper.C．A high school activity guide. D．A professional art magazine.【答案】7．B 8．D 9．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个俱乐部，分别是艺术历史俱乐部、摄影俱乐部、电影俱乐部和音乐俱乐部。7．细节理解题。根据Photography Club部分中“It is perfect for anyone who loves taking pictures and wants to learn more about it.(它非常适合任何喜欢拍照并想了解更多信息的人)”可知，加入摄影俱乐部的主要目的是为了更多地了解摄影。故选B。8．细节理解题。根据The Music Club部分中“You can listen to new tunes (曲子), write your own songs, or even learn how music is made.(你可以听新歌，写自己的歌，甚至学习音乐是如何制作的)”可知，音乐俱乐部适合喜欢写歌的学生。故选D。9．推理判断题。根据第一段“In high schools, there are lots of clubs and fun things to do. Joining them helps you make friends with people who like the same things as you. It’s a good way to find your place in the school and meet others who share your hobbies and dreams.(在高中，有很多俱乐部和有趣的事情可以做。加入他们可以帮助你和那些和你有同样爱好的人交朋友。这是一个很好的方法来找到你在学校的位置，并结识其他分享你的爱好和梦想的人)”以及本文主要介绍了四个俱乐部，分别是艺术历史俱乐部、摄影俱乐部、电影俱乐部和音乐俱乐部。由此推知，这篇文章可能来自高中活动指导手册。故选C。题型04 “数字计算”题 细节理解之数字计算题考点是高考中的必考点。数字计算题考点主要在广告信息类文章中考，锁定题干直接找相关的文章内容，提取相关信息，进行简单的计算，就可以得出正确答案。预测在2024高考中，数字计算题会在广告信息文章中和说明文中的部分试题中呈现。我们在看文章、读报纸时，我们最重要的目的就是获取直接信息，通过阅读广告信息，我们能做我们要做的事，这就是学以致用，在用中学的重要思想。因此，细节理解题一直是高考命题的重点，它要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。有些答案考生可以直接从文中找到明确的线索，但有些则需要考生在理解的基础上将有关信息进行处理，如计算、排序、判断、比较等。数字计算题最常用的解题方法：1.仔细理解题干中的信息要求；2.从文章中定位计算需要的信息；3.通过简单的计算得出答案。Let’s get the bad news out of the way first: Dried fruit is a concentrated source of calories and sugars. The keys to getting the most out of it are to keep portions (份额) small and avoid those with added sugars. And choose the fruits that offer the biggest benefits, like the three here.1. ApricotsPORTION SIZE 5 apricots CALORIES 95These orange orbs supply vitamin E, which helps to protect cells against the kind of damage that can trigger cancer and other chronic diseases. You also get 3 grams of fiber and 10 percent of the Daily Value.2. FigsPORTION SIZE 5 figs CALORIES 105Figs have more fiber than many other dried fruits, and they supply a decent amount of calcium. They may sometimes look like they’ re sprinkled with sugar, but they’ re not. The natural fruit sugar in the figs can crystallize and leave a white coating.3. PrunesPORTION SIZE 4 prunes CALORIES 92Research suggests the mix of antioxidants and other nutrients in prunes may help build up bones, helping to prevent osteoporosis. One serving of prunes has about 20 percent of the Daily Value for vitaminK. The low intakes have been linked to painful blood vessel (血管) problems.10．How many calories will you get if you have a portion of apricots and figs?A．116. B．118. C．124. D．200.11．What is a benefit of prunes?A．Relieve pain. B．Improve bone strength.C．Prevent cancer. D．Promote calcium absorption.12．What advice is offered on dried fruit?A．Take small servings. B．Add some sugar.C．Mix with other nutrients. D．Stay away from it.【答案】10．D 11．B 12．A【导语】主要介绍了三种能提供最大益处的水果。10．细节理解题。根据1. Apricots中“PORTION SIZE 5 apricots CALORIES 95(份量：5个杏子，卡路里95)”以及2. Figs中“PORTION SIZE 5 figs CALORIES 105(份量：5个无花果，卡路里：105)”可知，如果你吃一份杏子和无花果，你会得到95+105=200卡路里。故选D项。11．细节理解题。根据3. Prunes中“Research suggests the mix of antioxidants and other nutrients in prunes may help build up bones, helping to prevent osteoporosis.(研究表明，梅干中的抗氧化剂和其他营养成分的混合可能有助于增强骨骼，有助于预防骨质疏松症。)”可知，西梅的好处是提高骨骼强度。故选B项。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Let’s get the bad news out of the way first: Dried fruit is a concentrated source of calories and sugars. The keys to getting the most out of it are to keep portions (份额) small and avoid those with added sugars.(让我们先来看看坏消息：干果是热量和糖的集中来源。最大限度地利用它的关键是保持份量小，避免那些添加糖的。)”可知，干果应该少量食用。故选A项。（2024·新高考卷I阅读理解A篇）HABITAT RESTORATION TEAMHelp restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.GROUPSGroups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRINGVolunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed.We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements.UPCOMING EVENTS21. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team?A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks.C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research.22. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team?A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18.23. What are the volunteers expected to do?A. Bring their own tools. B. Work even in bad weather.C. Wear a team uniform. D. Do at least three projects.【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地点等相关细节。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. (帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用)”可知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. (欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者)”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We’ll be working rain or shine. (我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B项。（2024·新高考卷II阅读理解A篇）Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced WalkersThe Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks. Walk 1 — The Natural WorldWith environmentalist Éanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs. Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00Start Point: Scratoes BridgeWalk Duration: 6 hoursWalk 2 — Introduction to HillwalkingEmmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips. Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00Start Point: Deerpark Car ParkWalk Duration: 5 hoursWalk 3 — Moonlight Under the StarsWalking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone. Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate. Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30Start Point: The Town HallWalk Duration: 3 hoursWalk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish ForestThis informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild. Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path. Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45Start Point: Kilbrannish Forest Recreation AreaWalk Duration: 1.5 hours1. Which walk takes the shortest time?A. The Natural World. B. Introduction to Hillwalking.C. Moonlight Under the Stars. D. Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.2. What are participants in Walk 3 required to do?A. Wear proper clothes. B. Join a walking club.C. Get special permits. D. Bring a survival guide.3. What do the four walks have in common?A. They involve difficult climbing. B. They are for experienced walkers.C. They share the same start point. D. They are scheduled for the weekend.【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加卡洛秋季徒步节的几种步行方案，及其日期、起点和步行时间等相关细节。【1题详解】细节理解题。通读全文，根据文章所给出的四种方案中的“Walk Duration (步行时间)”部分比较可知，“Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest (步行4——基尔布兰尼什森林摄影步行)”的步行时间是1.5小时，用时最短。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars (步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的“Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.(穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加)”可知，第三种步行方案的参与者需要穿合适的衣服。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据四种步行方案中的“Date and Time (日期和时间)”部分比较可知，这四种方案都被安排在周末。故选D项。（2023·新高考卷I阅读理解A篇）Bike Rental & Guided ToursWelcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.Why MacBikeMacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.PricesGuided City ToursThe 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.1. What is an advantage of MacBike?A. It gives children a discount. B. It of offers many types of bikes.C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?A. €15.75. B. €19.50. C. €22.75. D. €29.50.3. Where does the guided city tour start?A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. (我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。（2023·新高考卷II阅读理解A篇）Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center. Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk. Photography Workshops (June 19 &July 10)Enhance your photography skills — join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone. 6/19 — Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point. 7/10 — Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.1. Which of the four programs begins the earliest?A. Photography Workshops. B. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.C. Canyon Talks at Artist Point. D. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.2. What is the short talk at Artist Point about?A. Works of famous artists. B. Protection of wild animals.C. Basic photography skills. D. History of the canyon area.3. Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop?A. Artist Point. B. Washburn Trailhead.C. Canyon Village Store. D. Visitor Education Center.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2) (在黄石体验野生动物（5月26日至9月2日）)”和“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21) (少年游骑兵野生动物奥林匹克运动会（6月5日至8月21日）)”与“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) (在Artist Point的峡谷会谈（6月9日至9月2日）)”以及“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”可知，四个项目中在黄石体验野生动物开始的时间最早。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) (在Artist Point的峡谷会谈（6月9日至9月2日）)部分中的“From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. (从一个经典的视角，欣赏下瀑布、黄石河和峡谷的壮丽色彩，同时了解该地区的自然和人类历史)”可知，在Artist Point的简短演讲主题是关于峡谷地区的历史的。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”部分中的“7/10 — Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. (7/10——Wildflowers &White Balance：在奇滕登停车场的Washburn Trailhead举行)”可知，7月10日的摄影研讨会将在Washburn Trailhead举行。故选B。A【来源】2025届浙江省杭州市联考高三上学期12月一模英语试题Let’s get the bad news out of the way first: Dried fruit is a concentrated source of calories and sugars. The keys to getting the most out of it are to keep portions (份额) small and avoid those with added sugars. And choose the fruits that offer the biggest benefits, like the three here.1. ApricotsPORTION SIZE 5 apricots CALORIES 95These orange orbs supply vitamin E, which helps to protect cells against the kind of damage that can trigger cancer and other chronic diseases. You also get 3 grams of fiber and 10 percent of the Daily Value.2. FigsPORTION SIZE 5 figs CALORIES 105Figs have more fiber than many other dried fruits, and they supply a decent amount of calcium. They may sometimes look like they’ re sprinkled with sugar, but they’ re not. The natural fruit sugar in the figs can crystallize and leave a white coating.3. PrunesPORTION SIZE 4 prunes CALORIES 92Research suggests the mix of antioxidants and other nutrients in prunes may help build up bones, helping to prevent osteoporosis. One serving of prunes has about 20 percent of the Daily Value for vitaminK. The low intakes have been linked to painful blood vessel (血管) problems.1．How many calories will you get if you have a portion of apricots and figs?A．116. B．118. C．124. D．200.2．What is a benefit of prunes?A．Relieve pain. B．Improve bone strength.C．Prevent cancer. D．Promote calcium absorption.3．What advice is offered on dried fruit?A．Take small servings. B．Add some sugar.C．Mix with other nutrients. D．Stay away from it.【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三种能提供最大益处的水果。1．细节理解题。根据1. Apricots中“PORTION SIZE 5 apricots CALORIES 95(份量：5个杏子，卡路里95)”以及2. Figs中“PORTION SIZE 5 figs CALORIES 105(份量：5个无花果，卡路里：105)”可知，如果你吃一份杏子和无花果，你会得到95+105=200卡路里。故选D项。2．细节理解题。根据3. Prunes中“Research suggests the mix of antioxidants and other nutrients in prunes may help build up bones, helping to prevent osteoporosis.(研究表明，梅干中的抗氧化剂和其他营养成分的混合可能有助于增强骨骼，有助于预防骨质疏松症。)”可知，西梅的好处是提高骨骼强度。故选B项。3．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Let’s get the bad news out of the way first: Dried fruit is a concentrated source of calories and sugars. The keys to getting the most out of it are to keep portions (份额) small and avoid those with added sugars.(让我们先来看看坏消息：干果是热量和糖的集中来源。最大限度地利用它的关键是保持份量小，避免那些添加糖的。)”可知，干果应该少量食用。故选A项。BSpring turns Europe into a world of colors. If you want to experience spring in all its colourful glory, here are four of the best places for you. Blooming Baroque, Ludwigsburg, GermanyThe Blooming Baroque garden show in Ludwigsburg, Germany, has been welcoming visitors since 1954. Visit the 18th-century palace between March and November and you can not only see displays filled with flowers, but also watch different kinds of birds and visit gardens, climb Rapunzel's tower and get lost in a giant hedge maze (树篱迷宫). Keukenhof Gardens, Lisse, the NetherlandsThe largest flower garden in the world, Keukenhof in the Netherlands is the best place to see the symbolic Dutch flower at its finest. Tulips explode across the gardens, with more than 800 different varieties. After you’ve wandered through the gardens, you can hire a bike at the main gate and then ride through the endless rows of picture-perfect flowered rainbows. The show runs from March 21 to May 10. Temps de Flors, Girona, SpainGirona’s medieval centre is transformed into a living gallery as flower carpets and special sculptures explode throughout the city centre each May. The Girona A Cappella Festival invites music lovers to engage all their senses as the sound, smell and sight of spring fill the city for 10 days in May. Normandy Tulip Festival, Vendcuvre, FranceThe French garden of the 18th-century Vendeuvre Chateau in Normandy springs to life in April, as over30, 000 tulips, narcissi and grape hyacinths awaken. Open afternoons throughout April between 2 p. m. and 6p. m.4．Where can you see a flower display in autumn?A．In the Netherlands. B．In Germany.C．In Spain. D．In France.5．What of the following is the highlight of the Girona's flower display?A．A maze in a palace. B．An art exhibition.C．A music festival. D．A bicycle tour.6．What can you enjoy in both Keukenhof Gardens and Normandy Tulip Festival?A．Different birds. B．Flowered rainbows.C．Plenty of tulips. D．A live concert.【答案】4．B 5．C 6．C【来源】江苏省常州市五校联考2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个最适合体验春天的地方。4．细节理解题。根据Blooming Baroque, Ludwigsburg, Germany中的“Visit the 18th-century palace between March and November and you can not only see displays filled with flowers, but also watch different kinds of birds and visit gardens, climb Rapunzel's tower and get lost in a giant hedge maze (树篱迷宫).(在3月到11月间参观这座18世纪的宫殿，你不仅可以看到鲜花，还可以参观各种各样的鸟类和花园，爬上长发公主的塔，在巨大的篱笆迷宫中迷失方向)”可知，秋天在德国可以看到花展。故选B。5．细节理解题。根据Temps de Flors, Girona, Spain中的“The Girona A Cappella Festival invites music lovers to engage all their senses as the sound, smell and sight of spring fill the city for 10 days in May.( 赫罗纳无伴奏合唱音乐节邀请音乐爱好者调动他们所有的感官，在5月的10天里，春天的声音、气味和景象充满了这座城市)”可知，赫罗纳花展的亮点是音乐节。故选C。6．细节理解题。根据Keukenhof Gardens, Lisse, the Netherlands中的“Tulips explode across the gardens, with more than 800 different varieties.(郁金香遍布整个花园，有800多种不同的品种)”和Normandy Tulip Festival, Vendeuvre, France中的“The French garden of the 18th-century Vendeuvre Chateau in Normandy springs to life in April, as over30, 000 tulips, narcissi and grape hyacinths awaken.(在4月，超过3万朵郁金香、水仙花和风信子苏醒了，位于诺曼底18世纪的法国凡尔赛宫Château花园焕发了生机)”可知，在库肯花园和诺曼底郁金香节都能享受到很多郁金香。故选C。C【来源】广东省六校（茂名一中，惠州一中，河源一中等）2024-2025学年高三上12月联合考试题Southeast Asia’s Top SpotsHa Long Bay, VietnamHere a unique topography (地形)stands out from the sea and forms some 2,000 little islands. Sailing among them is a wonderful way to spend a few days or more. Land on the little islands for further exploration and rock climbing. Take note of the season, though. Monsoons (季风) from June through September and again from January to March can limit visibility. Banaue Rice Terraces, the PhilippinesSupposedly entirely built by hand, the 2,000-year-old stone-and-mud-walled terraces in the Philippines are watered by rivers and springs. During the harvest season, when the rice plants are bright green, the valleys practically shine in the sunshine, and walking around the hillsides is a dreamlike experience. Mount Kinabalu, MalaysiaAn advertisement for Mount Kinabalu is that on a good day you can see all the way to the Philippines. Chances are that you won’t see the Philippines from the peak because of frequent fog and rain, but that doesn’t mean you should forget about climbing Borneo’s highest mountain. It’s one of the most accessible mountains in the world. However, it’s still a tiring journey to the 4,095-metre peak. Ko Lanta, ThailandHome to some of the best sand and water in the world, it’s no wonder that everyone jets off to Ko Lanta. In Ko Lanta, there are beautiful long white sand beaches which are always crowded with tourists. Some of the best diving in Southeast Asia can be found here.7．When is it suitable to go to Ha Long Bay?A．In October. B．In September. C．In July. D．In March.8．What can we learn about Mount Kinabalu?A．It has shining rice plants. B．It is the highest mountain in Asia.C．It takes much effort to reach its peak. D．It is a popular destination for rock climbing.9．Which of the following is the best choice for divers?A．Ko Lanta. B．Banaue Rice Terraces.C．Mount Kinabalu. D．Ha Long Bay.【答案】7．A 8．C 9．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了东南亚的几个顶级景点。7．细节理解题。根据Ha Long Bay, Vietnam部分中“Take note of the season, though. Monsoons (季风) from June through September and again from January to March can limit visibility.(不过要注意季节。从6月到9月，以及从1月到3月的季风会影响视线。)”可知，在十月份去下龙湾是合适的，因为这时没有季风，视线良好。故选A。8．细节理解题。根据Mount Kinabalu, Malaysia部分中“However, it’s still a tiring journey to the 4,095-metre peak.(然而，登上4095米高的山峰仍然是一段令人疲惫的旅程。)”可知，到达山顶需要付出很多努力。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据Ko Lanta, Thailand部分中“In Ko Lanta, there are beautiful long white sand beaches which are always crowded with tourists. Some of the best diving in Southeast Asia can be found here.(在兰达岛，有美丽的长白色沙滩，总是挤满了游客。东南亚最好的潜水地点之一就在这里。)”可知，对于潜水者来说，兰达岛是最好的选择。故选A。D【来源】湖北省云学联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期12月联考英语试题 Four Best Places to Camp around the WorldThere are few more rewarding feelings than putting up your tent and spending the night beneath the stars. From New Zealand to Finland, this is our pick of four best places to camp around the globe.Mount Cook National Park, New ZealandYou can’t talk about the best places to camp without mentioning New Zealand’s otherworldly landscapes. Aoraki (or Mount Cook) is the country’s highest mountain, and the surrounding rocky region is the South Island’s finest outdoor playground. Views from the campgrounds here are simply amazing.Devon, EnglandThe southwest of England feels a million miles from the rest of the UK. The campsites on Dartmoor and Exmoor are fantastic places to build a tent. However, you’ll also find spots with unbeatable views along the rocky cliffs that sweep down to the Atlantic on the north Devon coast. Come in autumn, when you can watch a huge red sunset slowly over the horizon.The Alps, FranceAs a ski resort in the winter months, the Alps transform as the snow melts. Once the moderate spring weather arrives, so do hikers and campers. You’ll find beautifully fresh alpine air and old villages nestled in the foothills. It’s one of the best places to camp, made all the more special by the starry night sky above.Hossa National Park, FinlandFinland’s newest national park (which opened in 2017) is in the wild northeast of the country. You’ll find here a rugged landscape of rivers, lakes and forests. Finland welcomes wild campers and the park is dotted with remote shelters and plain cabins, all with spots for campfires.10．What do Mount Cook National Park and Devon have in common?A．Near the coast. B．Ski resorts in winterC．Fantastic views around campsites. D．The time to visit.11．Which place will be chosen for accommodation if you don’t take a tent?A．Mount Cook National Park. B．Devon.C．The Alps. D．Hossa National Park.12．Where is the text most probably taken from?A．A reflection in a travel journal. B．A guidebook to camping.C．An essay about tourism. D．An introduction to traveling【答案】10．C 11．D 12．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要推荐了全球四个最佳露营地点，包括新西兰和芬兰，这些地方以其壮丽的自然景色和适合露营的设施而闻名。10．细节理解题。根据Mount Cook National Park, New Zealand中的“Views from the campgrounds here are simply amazing (从这里的露营地看到的景色简直太惊艳了。)”和Devon, England中的“However, you’ll also find spots with unbeatable views along the rocky cliffs that sweep down to the Atlantic on the north Devon coast. (然而，你还会在北德文郡海岸的岩石悬崖上发现一些拥有无与伦比景观的地方，这些地方一直延伸到大西洋。)”可知，这两个景区的共同点是露营地都能观赏到美丽的风景。故选C项。11．细节理解题。根据Hossa National Park, Finland中的“Finland welcomes wild campers and the park is dotted with remote shelters and plain cabins, all with spots for campfires. (芬兰欢迎野外露营者，公园里散布着遥远的避难所和简陋的小木屋，都设有营火地点。)”可知，该景区有零星的住所和小木屋，因此Hossa National Park适合在景区内寻找住所的游客。故选D项。12．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“From New Zealand to Finland, this is our pick of four best places to camp around the globe (从新西兰到芬兰，这是我们推荐的全球四个最佳露营地点。)”可知，本文主要是介绍四个适合露营的景区，由此可知，本文选自一篇露营指南。故选B项。E【来源】江苏省四市十校联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期12月阶段联测英语试卷For those who have never been to Harbin there’s almost an endless list of things to do. Here are several activities that have to be included. Turning water into instant iceOne can’t go to the Ice Snow Word without stopping by the Sun Island Snow Expo. After all, the former is for appreciating illuminated (照亮的) ice at night, and the latter is for checking out snow in the daytime. Tourists from the south might be astonished by the bright sunshine reflected in the snow, so don’t forget the sunscreen. This is also a good place to toss water and watch it turn into ice instantly. Find a safe place with no one nearby, and enjoy the unique phenomenon. Snow tubing(雪地滑轮胎) on the Songhua RiverIn winter, the Songhua River turns into “thousands of miles of ice” and becomes a natural ice-skating rink. The frozen river offers opportunities for many different winter activities. But make sure the ice is solid before going stomping (跺脚) in the snow. Speeding down Yabuli Ski ResortOne place you shouldn’t miss when visiting Harbin is Yabuli Ski Resort, where you can ski down splendid snow-covered mountains. The snow is thick and moderately hard. There are junior, middle and senior ski runs. Professional staff are available to improve your skiing ability.13．Which is a good place to enjoy a night scene?A．Yabuli Ski Resort. B．The Sun Island Snow Expo.C．The Songhua River. D．The Ice-Snow World.14．What can visitors do in Harbin?A．Get professional guidance for free while skating.B．Go down the world’s longest ice slide on Songhua River.C．Choose different routes based on their skiing ability.D．Toss water and watch it turn into ice wherever you want.15．What’s the article intended for?A．Reminding visitors of safe travelling. B．Advertising winter activities of Harbın.C．Attracting visitors to invest in Harbin D．Explaining requirements to visitors.【答案】13．D 14．C 15．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一些在哈尔滨不容错过的活动，包括欣赏冰灯、雪景、雪地滑轮胎和滑雪等。13．细节理解题。根据第二段“One can’t go to the Ice Snow World without stopping by the Sun Island Snow Expo. After all, the former is for appreciating illuminated ice at night, and the latter is for checking out snow in the daytime. (人们不能不去冰雪大世界，也不能不顺便参观太阳岛雪博会。毕竟，前者是为了在夜晚欣赏照亮的冰，后者是为了在白天查看雪。)”可知，欣赏夜晚景色的好地方是冰雪大世界。故选D项。14．细节理解题。根据最后一段“One place you shouldn’t miss when visiting Harbin is Yabuli Ski Resort, where you can ski down splendid snow-covered mountains. The snow is thick and moderately hard. There are junior, middle and senior ski runs. Professional staff are available to improve your skiing ability (访问哈尔滨时，你不应该错过的一个地点是亚布力滑雪度假区，在那里你可以滑雪下壮丽的雪山。雪质厚实且适度坚硬。这里有初级、中级和高级滑雪道。还有专业的工作人员可以帮助提高你的滑雪技巧。)”可知，游客可以根据他们的滑雪能力选择不同的路线。故选C项。15．推理判断题。根据第一段“For those who have never been to Harbin there’s almost an endless list of things to do. Here are several activities that have to be included. (对于那些从未去过哈尔滨的人来说，有几乎无尽的活动清单。以下是一些必须包括的活动。)”及全文可知，文章的目的是宣传哈尔滨的冬季活动。故选B项。TimeMeeting LocationSunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pmBattery Alexander TrailheadSunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pmStinson Beach Parking LotSunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pmCoyote Ridge Trailhead 语篇解读主旨概要本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个生物栖息地修复工作队的工作内容和招募志愿者的相关信息和要求。原文出处选自Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy网 站一篇名为Habitat Restoration Team 的文章。 语言知识重难单词habitat n （ 动植物的 ）生活地，栖息地；restoration n 修复，恢复； restore v 修复，使复原；removal n 移除 ，移走，除去；endangered adj 濒临灭绝的， 濒危的；confirm v 确认； review v 查看，检查；guardian n 监护人；layer n 层 （ 此处代指 “ 衣服 ” ）；sunscreen n 防晒霜；upcoming adj 即将来临 / 发生的重难词块play a vital role in 在 ……中起着极其重要的作用；sensitive 敏感的 / 易受影响的；resources 需特别保护的资源； in advance 提前；fill out ... form 填写 …… 表；rain or shine [习语] 不论天气好坏，风雨无阻 语篇解读主旨概要本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了 The CarlowAutumn Walking Festival 的四种徒步活动。原文出处选自兰 爱尔兰 Carlow 旅游官网。 语言知识重难单词beginner n 初学者，生手；experienced adj 有经验的，经验丰富的；advanced adj 高级的；environmentalist n 环保主义者；promise v [ 熟词生义] 有…… 的希望，有 …… 的可能；informative adj 提供有用信息的，增长见闻的；introduction n 初次体验；breathtaking adj 令人惊叹的；welcoming adj 热情的，友好的；essential adj 必不可少的，极其重要的；inappropriately adv 不合适地；participate v 参与，参加；introduce v [ 熟词生义] 使初次了解 / 尝试；photography n 摄影，摄影术；surface v [ 名词动化] 铺设（路面等） ） ；photographic adj 摄影的；permit n 许可证；schedule v [ 名词动化] 安排重难词块have a passion for … 对 ……热衷 / 酷爱；provide an insight into sth （使人）深入了解某事物；(be) accessible to sb 某人容易得到的；comfort zone 舒适区；in the presence of sb 当着某人的面；be essential for … 对 …… 必不可少的；introduce sb to sth 使某人初次体验某事物，向某人介绍某事物；a survival guide 求生指南Hand Brake, Three GearsFoot Brake, No Gears1 hour€7.50€5.003 hours€11.00€7.501 day (24 hours)€14.75€9.75Each additional day€8.00€6.00