【开学摸底考】2024-2025学年春季期高二英语开学摸底考（上海专用）（原卷+答案+听力）

这是一份【开学摸底考】2024-2025学年春季期高二英语开学摸底考（上海专用）（原卷+答案+听力），文件包含开学摸底考2024-2025学年春季期高二英语开学摸底考上海专用全解全析docx、开学摸底考2024-2025学年春季期高二英语开学摸底考上海专用考试版docx、开学摸底考2024-2025学年春季期高二英语开学摸底考上海专用参考答案docx、开学摸底考2024-2025学年春季期高二英语开学摸底考上海专用答题卡pdf、开学摸底考2024-2025学年春季期高二英语开学摸底考上海专用听力音频mp4等5份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共46页， 欢迎下载使用。
（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：140 分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡
上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Cmprehensin（第 1-10 题, 每题 1 分；第 11-20 题，每题 1.5 分；共 25 分）
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each
cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken
nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper,
and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1．A．Shpping.
B．Talking abut ads.
D．Watching TV.
C．Reading newspapers.
【答案】D
【原文】
W: Why did yu change the channel?
M: Srry, I didn’t knw yu wanted t watch the advertisements.
Q: What are the tw speakers prbably ding?
2．A．In Britain.
【答案】B
B．In France.
C．In China.
D．In the U.S..
【原文】
W:Hi,Jhnsn,are yu frm Britain?
M: N, I cme frm the U. S., but I studied in France and wrk in China nw.
Q: Where did the man receive his educatin?
3．A．Math test
B．English test
C．Bilgy test
D．Histry test
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【答案】A
【原文】
M: Miss Fang, fr tmrrw’s test can we use a calculatr?
W: N, yu shuld learn basic calculatin skills.
Questin: Which test is the man mst prbably ging t take?
4．A．It was seriusly damaged.
C．It crashed n a bridge.
【答案】A
B．It was badly flded.
D．It was beynd repair.
【原文】
W: I am really srry abut crashing yur car.
M: N prblem. It’s fixed nw s it’s water under the bridge.
Q: What happened t the man’s car?
5．A．They plan t have the meeting in anther place.
B．The availability f the meeting rm will be discussed.
C．They have already had the meeting.
D．They will have the meeting smetime later.
【答案】D
【原文】
W: Aren’t we suppsed t have a meeting this afternn?
M: It was the plan but then it turned ut that the meeting rm was ccupied and we had t pstpne it.
Q: What des the man mean?
6．A．Feed the dg
C．Give the dg a bath
【答案】B
B．Clean the dg’s huse
D．Find smething t eat.
【原文】
M: Befre feeding the dg, I am ging t clear up its the huse.
W: It’s abut time. Lk at the mess! It smells terrible.
Questin: What is the man mst prbably ging t d first?
7．A．Library.
【答案】A
B．Bkstre.
C．Museum.
D．Gallery.
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【原文】
M: Excuse me, but I was wndering if yu culd help me find this bk?
W: N prblem. Let me have a lk. Oh, this bk is nt fr circulatin. Yu can nly read it here.
Q: Where des this cnversatin mst prbably take place?
8．A．This Sunday.
C．Next Mnday.
【答案】B
B．Next Thursday.
D．The Mnday after next.
【原文】
M: Can yu start t wrk next Mnday right after this weekend?
W: On Mnday? Oh, n. Culd yu pssibly pstpne my start date fr a week r at least until next Thursday?
Q: What is the earliest start date fr the wman?
9．A．Expensive
【答案】A
B．Cheap
C．Unsuitable
D．Unnecessary
【原文】
W: Shall we buy sme magazines n hme decratin befre furnishing ur new huse?
M: We culd. But cnsidering the infrmatin, dn’t yu think they are verpriced?
Questin: What des the man think f such magazines?
10．A．She was fired by the cmpany.
C．She is n leave right nw.
【答案】C
B．She brke the law.
D．She is replacing the cmpany’s website.
【原文】
W: Miss James just gave birth t a baby and accrding t the law, she wn’t be back in the ffice in the next three
mnths. We have t find a replacement.
M: Sure. We’ve already added a jb pening n ur cmpany’s website.
Q: What is TRUE abut Miss James?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B. yu will hear tw shrt passages several and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be
asked several questins n each f them. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins
will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide
which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
3 / 29

Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11．A．A schedule with all the activities and time n it
C．A schedule yu make fr yur bss.
B．A schedule yu make fr yur friends.
D．A schedule yu make fr yur parents.
D．Five.
12．A．Tw.
B．Three.
C．Fur.
13．A．T achieve yur lng-term gals.
C．T finish yur hmewrk.
B．T plan yur time well.
D．T list all f the wrk that yu have t d.
【答案】11．A
12．B
13．B
【原文】
Have yu ever frgtten an appintment at the dctr’s r been late in getting t yur part-time jb?
Occasinally, these difficulties happen t everybdy. Hwever, yu can avid such prblems if yu write ut a
schedule. It will help yu t find ut hw much time yu have t d the things that are imprtant as well as thse
that are fun.
A master schedule can be used t find ut hw much time yu really have fr activities. This schedule lists all
f the activities that yu must cmplete. A weekly schedule can als be used t help yu plan time fr the things
yu really like t d. It shuld als include activities that will help yu t achieve lifetime, lng-term and
shrt-term gals. Finally, it shuld include yur study time and free time. Free time is necessary s that yu can
make needed changes in yur schedule. A daily schedule is a final suggestin t help yu plan yur time.
Qs:
11. What des “a master schedule” mean?
12. Hw many different schedules are mentined?
13. What can yu use yur daily schedule t d?
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14．A．Because they want t buy furniture
C．Because they hpe t meet an artist.
B．Because they have a lt f leisure time.
D．Because they want t find smething valuable.
15．A．They are tired f the luxurius but nt practical gds.
B．They want t add sme value t their cllectin.
C．They appreciate the real crafts f the ld wrkmen.
D．They cnsider the price f the used gds is reasnable.
16．A．Real artistic wrks in the past.
C．Ppularity f the secnd-hand bks.
B．A real bargain in lcal bkstres.
D．A new fashin abut secnd-hand gds.
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【答案】14．D
15．A
16．D
【原文】
Searching fr secnd-hand gds is n lnger regarded as a shameful thing. Nwadays, many peple enjy the
fun f the city in their spare time hunting fr smething valuable. Lking fr used gds has becme a fashin.
In the past, craftsmen were serius abut making furniture. Since they were nt crazy abut seeking wealth,
they culd settle dwn t make real artistic wrks. N wnder that peple nwadays lve their prducts. Insiders
estimate that there are at least 60-70 stres in Shanghai that sell used gds. Apart frm furniture stres, business
stres that sell secnd-hand jewelries are develping as well.
Recently, bkstres that sell secnd-hand bks have becme ppular in Shanghai again. Sme bks were
made during the late Qing Dynasty while thers during the 1980s. Lts f peple visit these bkstres.
55-year-ld Mr. Li said that in recent years, there were t many bks abut fashin r leisure. New gd bks
might as well sell at very high prices. S, he’d rather g t secnd-hand bkstres t lk fr bks that are gd
yet nt expensive. If yu have smething t buy next time but can’t affrd it, the market fr secnd-hand gds is a
gd chice fr yu.
Questins:
14. Why d sme peple hang ut in the city in their spare time?
15. Which may NOT be the reasn why peple hunt fr secnd-hand gds?
16. What is the best title fr the passage?
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17．A．Name.
B．Address.
C．Receipt.
D．Phne number.
18．A．Fr custms’ check.
C．Fr cnvenience’s sake.
B．Fr security check.
D．Fr the cmpany’s sake.
19．A．The time needed fr sending the parcel. B．The flight time t New Yrk.
C．The parcel’s destinatin.
D．Parcel cllectin.
20．A．The parcel will arrive in 24 hurs by air.
B．The parcel will arrive in 48 hurs by air at mst.
C．The parcel will arrive in 24 hurs by train.
D．The parcel will arrive in 48 hurs by train at mst.
【答案】17．C
18．B
19．A
20．B
【原文】
5 / 29

M: Parcel Express. Gd mrning. Hw can I help yu?
W: Gd mrning. I’m thinking f sending a parcel t New Yrk next week. Can yu tell me what the prcedure is,
please?
M: Certainly. When yu ring us we need the fllwing infrmatin: the invice address, that’s prbably yur
address, isn’t it? And then the pick-up address if that’s different. And a cntact phne number.
W: Just a mment. I’m taking ntes, Phne number, right.
M: Then we need the full name, address and phne number f the persn yu are sending the parcel t.
W: OK. Anything else?
M: Yes, the weight and dimensins f the parcel, that’s height, width, and length, and the value f the gds and
the full descriptin.
W: Value descriptin.
M: Yes, but dn’t seal the parcel. Yu need t leave it pen s that the driver can check the cntents when he
cllects it. After the recent bmbing, the airline said that we had t check all parcels. They tld us we had t d it.
W: Fine. Nw the last questin: Hw lng will the parcel take t get t New Yrk?
M: One t tw wrking days. There are daily flights at midday. And if we cllect the parcel frm yu at 10:15, then
yur parcel catches that flight, and it’ll arrive in 24 hurs.
W: Right. Thank yu very much. Yu’ve been very helpful.
M: Nt at all. Gdbye.
W: Gdbye.
Questins:
17. Which f the fllwing is NOT needed by Parcel Express?
18. Why must parcels be left pen accrding t the cnversatin?
19. What’s the wman’s last inquiry mainly cncerned with?
20. What can we knw frm the cnversatin?
II.Grammar and Vcabulary（每题 1 分；共 20 分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically
crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther
blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Raleigh Internatinal
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Fur students frm Natinal University have recently returned frm Africa, where they participated in
develpment prjects with lcal residents in rural areas. Fr 10 weeks, these yung peple wrked in Zimbabwe
and Btswana
Raleigh Internatinal, which
while experiencing ther cuntries and their cultures. The prgram,
21
members f a prgram called Raleigh Internatinal.
22 (fund) in 1984, gives yung peple a chance t d vlunteer wrk
23 name was in memry f the
explrer Sir Walter-Raleigh, encurages yung peple t help thers and wrk in difficult settings. Mre than 30,
000 students frm a variety f cultures and backgrunds have vlunteered in a ttal f 40 cuntries.
Marisa Silvestri, 20, a business majr, traveled t Zimbabwe t wrk with a grup in the Mavuradnha
Wilderness Area. Their first prject was helping farmers build electric fences t prtect their crps frm
(destry). When elephants entered the village ne night, the students jined with farmers 25 (drive) them
26
24
away and preserve the fields. Silvestri’s grup als cnstructed small cttages fr turists t stay in,
(build) in the lcal style.
Saeed Mhammed, als 20 arid an engineering majr, jined
27
grup in Zimbabwe. His grup
28
carried ut as survey f health prblems in several villages and taught children abut gd health habits.
impresed Saeed was that the kids were s curius abut the Raleigh Internatinal students that after the health
lessns, they asked them questins abut “everything else under the sun”.
Saeed’s grup als wrked t build ft trails thrugh the frest. While they were ut wrking in the bush, a
fire
29
(break) ut, destrying eight kilmeters f frest. The students fught t bring the fire under
cntrl, sleeping nly 45 minutes during the tw days.
In Btswana, tw 19-year-ld students, Lakeshia Yung and David Min, helped t build a clinic and a
meeting hall in a small village.
30
they didn’t face angry elephants, they said the building wrk was
much harder than they expected. “It was a great learning experience,” Yung said.
【参考答案】
21．as
22．was funded
27．anther
23．whse
28．What
24．being destryed
29．brke
25．t drive
26．built
30．Althugh/Thugh/While
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了成立于 1984 年的罗利国际组织给年轻人提供了一个在体验
其他国家和文化的同时做志愿者工作的机会。该项目以探险家沃尔特-罗利爵士的名字命名，鼓励年轻人帮
助他人，在困难的环境中工作。来自不同文化和背景的 3 万多名学生在总共 40 个国家做志愿者。
【详情解析】
21．考查介词。句意：这些年轻人作为罗利国际项目的成员在津巴布韦和博茨瓦纳工作了 10 周。后跟名词
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作宾语，表示“作为”应用介词 as。故填 as。
22．考查时态语态。句意：成立于 1984 年的罗利国际组织给年轻人提供了一个在体验其他国家和文化的同
时做志愿者工作的机会。which 指代先行词 Raleigh Internatinal 在从句作主语，与谓语构成被动关系，根据
后文 in 1984 可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填 was funded。
23．考查定语从句。句意：该项目以探险家沃尔特·罗利爵士的名字命名，鼓励年轻人帮助他人，在困难的
环境中工作。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 prgram，在从句作定语，应用 whse 引导。故填 whse。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的第一个项目是帮助农民建造电栅栏，保护他们的庄稼不被毁坏。作介
词 frm 的宾语，且 crps 与 destry 构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用动名词被动形式 being dne。故填 being
destryed。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：一天晚上，当大象进入村庄时，学生们和农民们一起赶走了大象，保护了田
地。此处 drive 作目的状语，用不定式。故填 t drive。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：西尔维斯特里的团队还建造了当地风格的小别墅供游客居住。此处 build 与
cttages 构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填 built。
27．考查代词。句意：赛义德·穆罕默德也是 20 岁，主修工程，他加入了津巴布韦的另一个组织。后跟单数
名词，表示“另一个”应用 anther。故填 anther。
28．考查主语从句。句意：让赛义德印象深刻的是，孩子们对罗利国际学校的学生非常好奇，在健康课结
束后，他们问了他们关于“世界上其他一切”的问题。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用 what，首
字母大写。故填 What。
29．考查时态。句意：当他们在灌木丛中工作时，一场大火发生了，烧毁了八公里的森林。设空处作谓语，
发生在过去用一般过去时。故填 brke。
30．考查状语从句。句意：虽然他们没有面对愤怒的大象，但他们说建造工作比他们想象的要困难得多。
引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用 althugh/thugh/while，首字母大写。故填 Althugh/Thugh/While。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte
that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
A．mnitrs
B．risen
C． nnprfit
D．mstly
E. alarms F. recvered
G. nnexistent H. amazingly
I. crrespnding J. respnded K. remte
US schls struggle t deal with hax (恶作剧) shtings
Mre and mre US schls are cnfiscating (没收) guns frm students and having t deal with calls falsely
8 / 29

reprting schl shtings.
The number f guns fund n students in schls during the first tw mnths f this schl year has
31
cmpared with the same time in the past tw years, says the nnprfit grup Gun Vilence Archive, which
32
gun activity.
At least 220 guns were seized last mnth and in August in 35 states, cmpared with 128 at the same time last
year. In the
likely t have been lwer because it was amid the pandemic, when classes were
At least 15 guns were 35 frm schls in Baltimre, Maryland, last year, said Sergeant Clyde
33
perid in 2019, 132 guns were cnfiscated. The number f guns fund in 2020 is
34
.
Batwright f the Baltimre City Schl Plice Frce. It was higher than in any recent year. This schl year the
department has recvered tw guns. One was used when a high-schl student was sht dead utside a schl.
The increasing prevalence f guns cmes with an increase in what has cme t be knwn as swatting. This is a
hax in which smene calls emergency services and reprts a
fficials, generally a S WAT team, t g t an address.
36
crime t get law enfrcement
On Wednesday many San Francisc Bay Area high schls received active shter hax calls, a day after
plice in Flrida 37 t swatting calls at several high schls.
Since early last mnth abut 117 haxes have been reprted at schls in 17 states and the District f
Clumbia, said the Natinal Assciatin f Schl Resurce Officers, a
law enfrcement prfessinals.
38
grup fr schl-based
“These false
39
are far frm harmless,” said M Canady, the assciatins’ executive directr.
“They als distract limited public safety resurces frm ther cmmunity needs and increase anxiety amng
students and thers.”
The calls have been made
40
frm high schls, but als middle and elementary schls,
accrding t lcal news reprts. Sme f the calls are hard t trace because they are made frm internet phne
numbers, law enfrcement experts said.
【参考答案】
31．B
32．A
33．I
34．K
35．F
36．G
37．J
38．C
39．E
40．D
【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了越来越多的美国学生带枪支进入学校，警察在没收枪支的同时
还要应对越来越多的虚假校园枪击事件报警电话。
【详情解析】
31．考查动词。句意：监测枪支活动的非营利组织枪支暴力档案(Gun Vilence Archive)表示，与过去两年同
9 / 29

期相比，本学年头两个月在学校学生身上发现的枪支数量有所上升。分析句子可知，设空处是句中谓语动
词，应与助动词 has 构成现在完成时态，结合第二段中“At least 220 guns were seized last mnth and in August
in 35 states, cmpared with 128 at the same time last year.(上个月和 8 月份，美国 35 个州至少查获了 220 支枪
支，而去年同期为 128 支)”可知，在学校学生身上发现的枪支数量增加了，所以用动词 rise，其过去分词为
risen。故选 B 项。
32．考查动词。句意：监测枪支活动的非营利组织枪支暴力档案(Gun Vilence Archive)表示，与过去两年同
期相比，本学年头两个月在学校学生身上发现的枪支数量有所上升。分析句子可知，设空处是定语从句中
谓语动词，结合上文“the nnprfit grup Gun Vilence Archive”可推知，该非营利组织在监测枪支活动，一
般性事实，时态用一般现在时，谓语单数形式，用 mnitr 作谓语动词，意为“监测”。故选 A 项。
33．考查形容词。句意：2019 年同期收缴枪支 132 支。结合句意，表示“相应的时期；同期”应用形容词
crrespnding 作定语，修饰名词 perid。故选 I 项。
34．考查形容词。句意：2020 年发现的枪支数量可能更低，因为当时正值疫情，课程极少。设空处在句中
作表语，结合上文“amid the pandemic”可推知，新冠疫情期，学校课程很少，用形容词 remte 作表语，其意
为（“ 机会或可能性）极少的”。故选 K 项。
35．考查动词。句意：巴尔的摩市学校警察部队的警官克莱德·波莱特(Clyde Batwright)说，去年在马里兰
州巴尔的摩市的学校里至少发现了 15 支枪。根据下文“This schl year the department has recvered tw guns.
One was used when a high-schl student was sht dead utside a schl.(本学年，警局已经找到了两把枪。一
名高中生在学校外被枪杀时使用了其中一把)”可知，段中在说巴尔的摩市在学校发现的枪支数量，结合were，
用动词 recver“获得，寻回”的过去分词 recvered 构成一般过去时的被动语态。故选 F 项。
36．考查形容词。句意：这是一种骗局，有人打电话给紧急服务部门，报告一起不存在的犯罪，让执法人
员，通常是特警小组，去一个地址。根据句中“This is a hax (这是一种骗局)”可知，这是虚假报案，犯罪行
为并不存在，用形容词 nnexistent 作定语修饰名词 crime，意为“不存在的”。故选 G 项。
37．考查动词。句意：周三，许多旧金山湾区的高中接到了活跃的枪手恶作剧电话，一天前，佛罗里达州
警方回应了几所高中的虚假报案电话。设空处是从句中谓语动词，事情已发生，一般过去时；根据主语“plice”
和宾语“swatting calls”可知，警方对虚假报案电话作出回应，用动词 respnd，意为“回应；作出反应”，句中
用过去式。故选 J 项。
38．考查形容词。句意：全美学校资源官员协会(Natinal Assciatin f Schl Resurce Officers)表示，自上
个月初以来，美国 17 个州和哥伦比亚特区的学校已经报告了约 117 起骗局，该协会是一个面向学校执法专
业人士的非营利组织。根据“the Natinal Assciatin f Schl Resurce Officers”和“grup fr schl-based law
enfrcement prfessinals”可推知，Natinal Assciatin f Schl Resurce Officers 是一个非营利组织，用形
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容词 nnprfit 作定语修饰名词 grup，意为“非营利的；不以营利为目的”。故选 C 项。
39．考查名词。句意：“这些虚假报警远非无害，”协会执行董事莫•卡纳迪(M Canady)表示。根据上文“This is
a hax in which smene calls emergency services and reprts a
36
crime(这是一种骗局，有人打电话给
紧急服务部门，报告一起不存在的犯罪)”和下文“They als distract limited public safety resurces frm ther
cmmunity needs and increase anxiety amng students and thers.(它们还分散了有限的公共安全资源对其他社
区需求的注意力，增加了学生和其他人的焦虑)”可推知，莫•卡纳迪说的是虚假报警行为造成的危害，false
alarms“假警报”。故选 E 项。
40．考查副词。句意：据当地新闻报道，这些电话主要来自高中，但也有初中和小学。根据下文“but als
middle and elementary schls”可推知，这些虚假报警电话主要来至高中，用副词 mstly 作状语修饰动词 have
been made，意为“主要地”。故选 D 项。
III.Reading Cmprehensin (共 45 分。 41-55 每题 1 分；56-70 每题 2 分)
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in
each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Research has shwn that tw-thirds f human cnversatin is taken up nt with discussin f the cultural r
plitical prblems f the day, nt heated debates abut films we’ve just watched r bks we’ve just finished
reading, but plain and simple
Language is ur greatest treasure as a species, and what d we
thers’ behaviur and private lives, such as wh’s ding what with whm, wh’s in and wh’s ut—and why; hw
t deal with difficult 43 situatins invlving children, lvers, and clleagues.
S why are we keen n gssiping? Are we just natural 44 , f bth time and wrds? Or d we talk a
41
.
42
d with it? We gssip. Abut
lt abut nthing in particular simply t avid facing up t the really imprtant issues f life? It’s nt the case
accrding t Prfessr Rbin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest bk, Grming, Gssip and the Evlutin f Language,
the psychlgist says gssip is ne f these really
45
issues.
Dunbar 46 the traditinal view that language was develped by the men at the early stage f scial
develpment in rder t rganize their manly hunting activities mre effectively, r even t prmte the exchange
f petic stries abut their rigins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evlved amng wmen.
We dn’t spend tw-thirds f ur time gssiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—
n t say, language evlved specifically t allw us t gssip.
47
, he ges
Dunbar arrived at his cheery thery by studying the
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48
f the higher primates(灵长类动物) like

mnkeys. By means f grming—cleaning the fur by brushing it, mnkeys frm grups with ther individuals n
whm they can rely fr supprt in the event f sme kind f cnflict within the grup r
utside it.
49
frm
As we human beings evlve frm a particular branch f the primate family, Dunbar
50
that at
ne time in ur histry we did much the same. Gruping tgether made sense because the bigger the grup, the
greater the 51 it prvided; n the ther hand, the bigger the grup, the greater the stresses f living
clse t thers. Grming helped t 52 the pressure and calm everybdy dwn.
But as the grups gt bigger and bigger, the amunt f time spent in grming activities als had t be
t maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a mre 54 kind f grming was needed, and thus
53
language evlved as a kind f vcal grming which allwed humans t develp relatinship with ever-larger
grups by exchanging infrmatin ver a wider netwrk f individuals than wuld be pssible by ne-t-ne
55
41．A．gesture
42．A．ccasinally B．habitually
cntact.
B．gssip
C．descriptin
C．discreetly
C．scial
D．recgnitin
D．riginally
D．cultural
D．wners
43．A．histrical
44．A．wasters
45．A．witty
B．natural
B．users
B．vivid
B．rejects
C．masters
C．vital
D．wrthless
D．utlines
D．as a result
D．behaviur
D．trick
46．A．suppses
C．highlights
C．in additin
C．mtivatin
C．assistance
C．requires
C．respnsibility
C．ease
47．A．n the cntraryB．fr instance
48．A．cmprehensinB．appearance
49．A．cntact
50．A．cncludes
51．A．prtectin
52．A．ech
B．attack
B．recalls
D．cnfesses
D．prmise
D．preserve
D．cnsumed
D．cmmn
D．physical
B．prspect
B．blame
53．A．established
54．A．efficient
55．A．regular
【参考答案】
B．extended
B．scientific
B．independent
C．earned
C．cnsiderate
C．widespread
41．B
51．A
42．B
52．C
43．C
53．B
44．A
54．A
45．C
55．D
46．B
47．A
48．D
49．B
50．A
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【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们语言的大多数不是重大的话题讨论和研究，而是闲
言碎语，而 Dunbar 教授认为这些闲言碎语不是在浪费时间，而是对语言的发展很重要。
【详情解析】
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，人类对话的三分之二都不是关于文化、政治的话题，也不是我
们看过的热门电影和读过的书，而是简单的闲聊。A. gesture 姿势；B. gssip 闲聊；C. descriptin 描述；D.
recgnitin 识别。根据后文“We gssip.”的词义复现可知，本文主要讲述关于闲聊的话题，故此处指人类对
话的三分之二都是简单的闲聊，故选 B。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：语言是我们这个物种最宝贵的财富，而我们通常用语言干什么呢？A.
ccasinally 偶尔，不时；B. habitually 通常；C. discreetly 谨慎地；D. riginally 原始地。根据前文“Language
is ur greatest treasure as a species”可知，语言是我们宝贵的财富，我们无时无刻不使用语言，故此处指我们
通常用语言来干什么，故选 B。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：怎样处理有关孩子、爱人以及同事的复杂社交关系。A. histrical 历史的；
B. natural 自然的；C. scial 社会的；D. cultural 文化的。根据空后“invlving children, lvers, and clleagues.”
可知，涉及到孩子、爱人和同事，这些都是属于社交方面，故选 C。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们只是时间和话语的天然浪费者吗？A. wasters 浪费者；B. users 使用者；
C. masters 大师；D. wners 拥有着。根据空后“f bth time and wrds?”可知，闲聊是一种对时间和语言的浪
费，不涉及任何重要的信息，故此处指我们是时间和语言的浪费者。故选 A。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在其新书《装扮、闲聊和语言的演化》中，这位心理学家说，闲聊恰恰
是最重要的事情之一。A. witty 风趣的；B. vivid 生动的；C. vital 重要的；D. wrthless 无价值的。根据前文
“Or d we talk a lt abut nthing in particular simply t avid facing up t the really imprtant issues f life? It’s
nt the case accrding t Prfessr Rbin Dunbar.”可知，前文反问，我们热衷于八卦是因为我们天生喜欢浪费
时间和口舌，还是说只是为了逃避更重要的事？而 Prfessr Rbin Dunbar 反对这一观点，故 Dunbar 教授
认为闲聊是很重要的事情，故选 C。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dunbar 不同意语言是人类在社会发展的早期阶段为了更有效地组织男人的
狩猎活动乃至促进有关自身起源和超自然力量的诗歌故事的交流而发展起来的传统看法。A. suppses 认为；
B. rejects 反对，拒绝；C. highlights 强调；D. utlines 概述。根据后文“Instead he suggests that language evlved
amng wmen.”可知，与此相反，他暗示语言是在女人之间演化形成的，故他不同意这个观点，故选 B。
47．考查短语词义辨析。句意：正因为我们有说话的能力，所以我们不可以花三分之二的时间去闲聊，Dunbar
则争辩道——恰恰相反，他继续说，语言的演化正是为了满足我们闲聊的需要。A. n the cntrary 相反；B.
fr instance 比如说；C. in additin 此外，而且；D. as a result 因此。根据空前“We dn’t spend tw-thirds f ur
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time gssiping just because we can talk”和空后“language evlved specifically t allw us t gssip.”可知，空前提
到的“我们不可以花三分之二的时间去闲聊”与空后“语言的演化正是为了满足我们闲聊的需要。”为两种相反
的观点，故选 A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过研究猴子之类的灵长类动物的行为，Dunbar 获得了很有趣的理论。A.
cmprehensin 理解力；B. appearance 外貌；C. mtivatin 动力；D. behaviur 行为。根据后文“By means f
grming—cleaning the fur by brushing it”可知，猴子通过装扮——梳理清洁皮毛，这是猴子的行为，故选 D。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：猴子通过装扮——梳理清洁皮毛，与其他个体形成了群组，这样当群组内
部发生某种冲突时，或者遭受来自外部的攻击时，他们可以相互支持。A. cntact 联系，沟通；B. attack 攻
击；C. assistance 帮助；D. trick 诡计。根据空前“in the event f sme kind f cnflict within the grup r”可知，
故此处应用 cnflict 并列，故指他们在发生冲突，或者受到外部攻击时会相互支持，故选 B。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dunbar 得出结论，鉴于我们人类由灵长类动物的某个特定的分支进化而来，
因此在历史上我们也曾经历过类似阶段。A. cncludes 得出结论；B. recalls 回忆；C. requires 要求；D. cnfesses
承认，招供。根据空前“As we human beings evlve frm a particular branch f the primate family”可知，因为我
们人类由灵长类动物的某个特定的分支进化而来，故这使得 Dunbar 得出结论，在历史上我们也曾经历过类
似阶段，故选 A。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：组织在一起才有意义，因为群组越大，它所能提供的保护就越可靠。A. prtectin
保护；B. prspect 前景；C. respnsibility 责任；D. prmise 承诺。根据前文“mnkeys frm grups with ther
individuals n whm they can rely fr supprt”可知，猴子通过形成群组而相互支持，故此处指群组越大，提
供的保护就越可靠，故选 A。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：换句话说，群组越大，和他人紧密生活在一起的压力也越大。装扮会帮助
缓解压力，平复每个人的情绪。A. ech 发出回声；B. blame 责备；C. ease 减轻，缓解；D. preserve 保护；
根据前文“the bigger the grup, the greater the stresses f living clse t thers.”可知，群组越大，和他人紧密生
活在一起的压力也越大，故装扮会帮助缓解压力，故选 C。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着群组变得越来越大，为了维持其效能，用在装扮活动上的时间也要
延长。A. established 建立；B. extended 延长；C. earned 获得；D. cnsumed 消费。根据前文“as the grups gt
bigger and bigger”可知，随着群组变得越来越大，那么花在装扮活动上的时间就越长，故此处指需要延长这
些时间，故选 B。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：显然，需要一种更有效的装扮形式，由此语言作为一种有声的装扮形式
应运而生，它允许人们通过在一个更宽的个体网络上交换信息，与较以往更大的群组发展关系，这种方式
比一对一的身体接触方式更有可能实现。A. efficient 有效率的；B. scientific 科学的；C. cnsiderate 考虑周到
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的，体贴的；D. cmmn 常见的。根据前文“But as the grups gt bigger and bigger, the amunt f time spent in
grming activities als had t be 53 t maintain its effectiveness.”可知，但随着群组变得越来越大，
为了维持其效能，用在装扮活动上的时间也要延长，因此也就需要更有效的装扮方式，故选 A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. regular 有规律的；B. independent 独立的；C. widespread 广泛的；
D. physical 身体上的。根据前文“By means f grming—cleaning the fur by brushing it, mnkeys frm grups
with ther individuals n whm they can rely fr supprt in the event f sme kind f cnflict within the grup r
49
frm utside it.”可知，猴子通过相互整理毛发这一过程中结成群体，获取帮助和支持。而随着群体
规模的扩大，一对一地梳理毛发这以形式不再适应现实，语言作为一种有声的形式应运而生，故此处指相
互整理毛发这一身体上的接触的行为，故选 D。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished
statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding
t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
A
Peple ften imagine that a knwledge f languages is sufficient t make an interpreter. Of curse it is a
prerequisite, as are tw hands t a prfessinal bxer. But just as the fact f having tw hands des nt make a
bxer, s the knwledge f different languages, be they many r few, des nt make an interpreter. It is nly an
instrument which yu must learn hw t use in a particular way — fr which yu may r may nt be gifted.
The basic qualities required f the interpreter are nt exceptinally rare, but their cmbinatin is very
uncmmn. They are:
(1) A capacity fr being passively receptive, i.e. fr drinking in readily and withut any persnal reactin all
that may be said by the speaker.
(2) The type f quick-wittedness which makes fr prmpt and effective repartee (妙语), interpretatin being a
srt f mental game f tennis.
(3) A gd memry, because all the tricks f the trade are intended nly t make up fr its deficiencies. Tw
things are expected f the interpreter’s memry: first, that it shuld stre up an exceptinally large vcabulary in
the related languages and supply instantly the required wrd r phrase; secnd, that it shuld retain fr a very brief
perid(seldm mre than ne hur) a picture as full, detailed, and accurate as pssible f what has just been said
after which the interpreter will be well advised t wash his mind clear f mst f what he has memrized. In this
latter functin, the interpreter’s memry is therefre the reverse f the cmedian’s. Whereas the actr has ample
15 / 29

time t learn his part, gradually, and methdically, and is then expected t remember it ver a lng perid and
repeat it n a successin (连续) f ccasins, the interpreter must whlly cmmit t his memry fleeting thughts
and wrds as they fly past, and then bring them back t mind nly nce, a very shrt while later.
The wrk f the translatr and that f the interpreter are fundamentally different and can hardly be cmbined.
Very rare indeed are peple wh can d bth. The reasn fr this is clear: the translatr can r shuld search at
leisure fr the accurate term, as well as effrt t express himself in the best pssible grammar and style; he may
re-write the same paragraph ten times r mre, imprving it each time; he may cnsult all dictinaries and
reference bks, and ask fr help and advice. The interpreter, n the ther hand, is given hardly any time t think,
can cnsult neither bks nr friends, and must “put acrss”, immediately and as accurately as pssible, whatever
the speaker wishes t cnvey. But he may express nuances (微 妙 ) by varying the tne f his vice, he may
paraphrase when he des nt find the exact wrd, he may repeat, crrect r add t what he has just said, if he sees
that he was nt prperly understd. These are in reality tw cntrary techniques.
56．Interpretatin is similar t playing tennis in that bth need _________.
A．tw hands
B．quick respnse
C．mental fitness
D．gd muscle memry
57．A gd memry is required f an interpreter s that he can _________.
A．memrize all that is said and remember it fr a lng time
B．memrize the imprtant part f what is said and remember it fr a lng time
C．memrize fr a shrt perid all that is said and then frget abut it
D．memrize all that is said gradually and cmpletely
58．What is the authr’s pinin f the qualities mentined fr an interpreter?
A．It is nt necessary fr the interpreter t pssess all the basic qualities.
B．It is uncmmn fr the interpreter t pssess all the basic qualities.
C．Certain qualities are mre imprtant than the thers.
D．Only tw f the qualities are actually required.
59．Which f the fllwing can best indicate the authr’s understanding f the difference between a translatr and
an interpreter?
A．The qualities required f a translatr are basically ppsite what is required f an interpreter.
B．Being an interpreter is mre stressful because an interpreter cannt take back what has been said.
C．Putting effrt int cmbing the qualities f a translatr and an interpreter can enhance their perfrmance.
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D．The qualities f a translatr are easier t btain than thse f an interpreter.
【参考答案】56．B 57．C 58．B 59．B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解了口译员需要具备的基本素质，并在文章中将口译和笔译进
行了对比。
【详情解析】
56．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“(2) The type f quick-wittedness which makes fr prmpt and effective
repartee, interpretatin being a srt f mental game f tennis.((2)快速机智的类型，使迅速和有效的回答，口译
是一种心理游戏的网球)”可知，口译和打网球一样，都需要反应快。故选 B 项。
57．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“secnd, that it shuld retain fr a very brief perid(seldm mre than ne hur)
a picture as full, detailed, and accurate as pssible f what has just been said after which the interpreter will be well
advised t wash his mind clear f mst f what he has memrized.(第二，在很短的时间内（很少超过一个小时）
保留刚才所说内容的尽可能完整、详细和准确的画面，然后建议口译者将记忆中的大部分内容洗去)”可知，
口译员必须要有良好的记忆，这样他才能短时间内记住所有的东西，然后把大部分内容忘记。故选 C 项。
58．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The basic qualities required f the interpreter are nt exceptinally rare, but
their cmbinatin is very uncmmn.(口译员需要具备的基本素质并不罕见，但同时具备这些素质就非常罕见
了)”可推知，作为一名口译员，要具备所有的基本素质非常难、很罕见。故选 B 项。
59．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The interpreter, n the ther hand, is given hardly any time t think, can
cnsult neither bks nr friends, and must “put acrss”, immediately and as accurately as pssible, whatever the
speaker wishes t cnvey. But he may express nuances by varying the tne f his vice, he may paraphrase when
he des nt find the exact wrd, he may repeat, crrect r add t what he has just said, if he sees that he was nt
prperly understd.(另一方面，译员几乎没有时间思考，既不能请教书本，也不能请教朋友，必须立即、尽
可能准确地把讲话者想要表达的意思“传达”出去。但他可能会通过改变语调来表达细微差别，当他找不到
确切的词时，他可能会转述，如果他发现自己没有被正确理解，他可能会重复、纠正或补充刚刚说过的话)”
可推知，口译员在翻译时几乎没有时间思考，必须要快速反应进行翻译，并且话说出去之后不能撤回，只
能通过重复、纠正或补充的形式进行修改，相比笔译员压力更大。故选 B 项。
B
Happy Village Prject
What is Happy Village?
Our cmpany develps and fcuses n the reginal “Happy Village Prject” strategy t fcus n villages
rather than individual farmers. The philsphy f the Happy Village Prject is t “heal and develp” by rganizing
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the farmers and training them n grwing and harvesting techniques which increase raw-material quality and meet
the requirements f cnsumers being cnscius f healthy diet. Tday, there are mre than 3,000 registered
farmers, cultivating mre than 11,000 hectares f land in mre than 150 villages in ur Happy Village Prject.
In the agricultural prject, small farmers get the tls, training and supprt they need t grw sme f the
finest prduce n earth. Our team f experts trains, guides and mnitrs the registered farmers, using the latest
techniques t ensure the highest level f quality and cnsistency f ur ec-friendly and safe prducts.
What d we d at Happy Villages?
Our cmpany experts d researches t chse the right district by recrding the details f the fields and
prducts and train farmers wh are willing t learn abut rganic farming.
We draw maps f the fields in rder t designate the field and als t prevent pssible crsscntaminatin (交
叉污染) risks which may cme frm the neighbr fields. In rder t make sure farmers are practicing the rganic
regulatins, ur experts frequently and randmly visit registered farmers t fllw up, guide and inspect. Our
agriculture team is als invlved in using “Early Warning Systems” in the fields, in rder t minimize the risk f
ptential prblems as well as taking samples frm leaves, sil and fruit, in rder t mnitr the field thrughut the
year.
We als help entire villages flurish thrugh ur cmmitment t scial respnsibility by means f perfrming
necessary activities t imprve the sci-ecnmic structure f the villages, like the needs and requirements f the
children at schl, imprvement in wrkers’ buildings, prviding water tanks during water crisis in the regins, and
etc.
Frm ur Happy Villages directly t yur table!
Our happy Village prducts are grwn, harvested and sun-dried in the fertile muntains. With the best sil and
grwing cnditins, these all natural prducts are sweet and flavrful, with n artificial additives. They are a great
chice fr snacking r adding t yur favrite recipes.
60．In Happy Village Prject, the experts are expected t______.
A．engage in researches cnducted in the field
C．advise n cultivating and harvesting prducts
B．train the registered farmers int agriculturists
D．imprve the wrkers’ buildings and water tanks
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61．We d the fllwing at Happy Village EXCEPT ______.
A．take examples frm leaves and sil t versee the field
B．assign all the registered farmers t learn abut rganic farming
C．help imprve the sci-ecnmic structure f the cmmunity
D．help farmers prevent pssible risks by mapping ut the field
62．Wh are the target readers f the passage?
A．Individual farmers.
B．Agricultural experts.
D．Health-cnscius cnsumers.
C．Ambitius plicy-makers.
【参考答案】60．C
61．B
62．D
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章详细介绍了一个名为“快乐乡村”的项目，包括它的工作范围、对象以
及意义等方面。
【详情解析】
60．细节理解题。根据 What is Happy Village?下面的第一段中的“The philsphy f the Happy Village Prject
is t “heal and develp” by rganizing the farmers and training them n grwing and harvesting techniques which
increase raw-material quality and meet the requirements f cnsumers being cnscius f healthy diet.(快乐乡村项
目的理念是通过组织农民，培训他们种植和收获技术，提高原材料质量达到“治愈和发展”，满足有健康饮
食意识的消费者的要求)”可知，在这个项目中，专家会对庄稼的种植和收获提供建议和指导。故选 C。
61．细节理解题。根据 What d we d at Happy Villages?下的第一段“Our cmpany experts d researches t
chse the right district by recrding the details f the fields and prducts and train farmers wh are willing t learn
abut rganic farming.(我们公司的专家进行研究，通过记录田地和产品的细节来选择合适的地区，并培训愿
意学习有机农业的农民)”可知，这个项目会让有意愿学习有机农业的农民学习，而不是让所有注册的农民都
学习有机农业。故选 B。
62．推理判断题。根据 What is Happy Village?下面的第一段中的“The philsphy f the Happy Village Prject
is t “heal and develp” by rganizing the farmers and training them n grwing and harvesting techniques which
increase raw-material quality and meet the requirements f cnsumers being cnscius f healthy diet.(快乐乡村项
目的理念是通过组织农民，培训他们种植和收获技术，提高原材料质量达到“治愈和发展”，满足有健康饮
食意识的消费者的要求)”以及最后一段“Our happy Village prducts are grwn, harvested and sun-dried in the
fertile muntains. With the best sil and grwing cnditins, these all natural prducts are sweet and flavrful, with
n artificial additives. They are a great chice fr snacking r adding t yur favrite recipes.(我们的快乐乡村产
品在肥沃的山区种植、收获和晒干。在最好的土壤和生长条件下，这些纯天然产品香甜可口，不含人工添
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加剂。它们是零食或添加到您喜爱的食谱中的绝佳选择)”可知，这个项目宣传的产品是纯天然，零添加的，
是可以满足费者健康饮食要求的。由此推知，这篇文章的目标读者是有健康意识的消费者。故选 D。
D
In the fg f uncertainty abut hw new technlgy will change the way we wrk, plicymakers arund the
wrld say cnfidently that we will need t upskill the wrkfrce in rder t cpe. The view sunds reassuringly
sensible: if cmputers are grwing smarter, humans will need t learn t use them r be replaced by them. But the
truth is, the peple wh are being “upskilled” in tday’s ecnmy are the nes wh need it the least.
Research shws that wrkers with degrees are ver three times mre likely t participate in training as adults
than wrkers with n qualificatins. That creates a virtuus circle fr thse wh did well at schl, and a vicius
circle fr thse wh did nt. If the rbts are cming fr bth the accuntants and the taxi drivers, yu can bet it is
thse wrking with mney that will be mre able t retrain themselves ut f danger, because the better educated
tend t have mre cnfidence and mney t pay fr their wn training.
Emplyers als invest in these wrkers mre. In the UK, a surprising number f emplyers send their senir
managers t business schls. It is n gd blaming emplyers fr directing investments at their highly-skilled
wrkers. They are simply aiming fr the highest return they can get. And, fr sme types f lwer-paid wrk, it is
nt always true that technlgical prgress requires mre skills. Smetimes, technlgy can de-skill a jb. Just lk
at Uber drivers wh fllw the driving rutes set by their app, rather than expanding their wn knwledge f the
streets. The UK’s latest Emplyment and Skills Survey suggests the use f literacy and numeracy skills at wrk has
fallen since 2012, even as the use f cmputers has increased. Hwever, the truble is, when the cmputer makes
yur jb easier ne day, it might make it redundant the next. Many f thse affected by autmatin will need t
switch ccupatins, r even industries. But a retailer r warehuse cmpany is nt ging t retrain its staff t help
them mve t a different sectr.
It is time t revisit lder ideas. The UK nce had a vibrant culture f night schls, fr adults t attend after
their day jbs. A revival f it culd be exactly what the 21st century needs. Rather than just “upskilling” in a
narrw way, peple culd chse t learn an entirely new skill r trade, r explre interests they never had a
chance t nurture befre.
It is still nt clear whether the impact f new technlgy n the labur market will cme in a trickle r a fld.
But in an already unequal wrld, cntinuing t reserve all the lifebats fr the better-ff wuld be a dangerus
mistake.
63．Accrding t the writer, plicymakers’ belief in upskilling the wrkfrce __________.
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A．is cntrary t ppular belief
B．is helpful in cping with new technlgy
D．is nt beneficial t thse wh need it mst
C．is t difficult t put it int practice
64．It can be inferred that wrkers withut qualificatins are less likely t __________.
A．have cnfidence in utperfrming thse with degrees at schl
B．persuade their emplyers t make an investment in them
C．minimize the risk f jb lss caused by new technlgy
D．assess hw new technlgy will change the way they wrk
65．The wrd “redundant” (Para. 3) prbably means __________.
A．unnecessary B．undesirable
C．unskilled
D．unrewarding
66．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing cnclusin is True?
A．Wrkers’ literacy and numeracy skills shuld be enhanced withut delay.
B．Night schls can help t eliminate skill gaps amng wrkers.
C．Cmpanies shuld attach much imprtance t retraining f wrkers.
D．Thse lwer-skilled wrkers deserve giving mre chances f retraining.
【参考答案】63．D
64．C
65．A
66．D
【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章针对通常看法“需提升劳动人口技能以应对自动化浪潮”指出，现实
中技能提升的机会往往向高学历者倾斜，应为真正面临危机的低学历者提供再培训机会。
【详情解析】
63．细节理解题。根据第一段“In the fg f uncertainty abut hw new technlgy will change the way we wrk,
plicymakers arund the wrld say cnfidently that we will need t upskill the wrkfrce in rder t cpe. The
view sunds reassuringly sensible: if cmputers are grwing smarter, humans will need t learn t use them r be
replaced by them. But the truth is, the peple wh are being “upskilled” in tday’s ecnmy are the nes wh need
it the least.(在新技术将如何改变我们工作方式的不确定性迷雾中，世界各地的政策制定者自信地表示，我们
需要提高劳动力的技能，以应对这一挑战。这种观点听起来合情合理，令人放心：如果计算机变得越来越
智能，人类将需要学会使用它们，否则就会被它们取代。但事实是，在当今的经济环境下，那些“技能提升”
的人恰恰是最不需要技能提升的人)”可知，作者认为，政策制定者对提高劳动力技能的信念不利于那些最需
要技能的人。故选 D 项。
64．推理判断题。根据第二段“Research shws that wrkers with degrees are ver three times mre likely t
participate in training as adults than wrkers with n qualificatins. That creates a virtuus circle fr thse wh did
well at schl, and a vicius circle fr thse wh did nt. If the rbts are cming fr bth the accuntants and the
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taxi drivers, yu can bet it is thse wrking with mney that will be mre able t retrain themselves ut f danger,
because the better educated tend t have mre cnfidence and mney t pay fr their wn training.(研究表明，有学
历的工人成年后参加培训的可能性是没有学历的工人的三倍多。这为那些在学校表现好的人创造了一个良
性循环，而为那些表现不好的人创造了一个恶性循环。如果机器人正在取代会计和出租车司机，你可以打
赌，那些有钱的人将更有能力重新培训自己以摆脱危险，因为受过更好教育的人往往更有信心，也更有钱
来支付自己的培训费用)”可推知，没有资格的工人不太可能将新技术带来的失业风险降到最低。故选 C 项。
65．词句猜测题。根据后文“Many f thse affected by autmatin will need t switch ccupatins, r even
industries.(许多受自动化影响的人将需要转换职业，甚至行业)”可知，科技进步让工作变的更容易的同时，
也可能会让人失去工作，推知 redundant 意为“不需要的”之意，和 A 项意思相近。故选 A 项。
66．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is still nt clear whether the impact f new technlgy n the labur market
will cme in a trickle r a fld. But in an already unequal wrld, cntinuing t reserve all the lifebats fr the
better-ff wuld be a dangerus mistake.(目前尚不清楚新技术对劳动力市场的影响是涓涓细流还是洪流。但在
一个已经不平等的世界里，继续把所有的救生艇都留给富人将是一个危险的错误)”可知，作者认为把所有的
救生艇都留给富人将是一个危险的错误，所以是那些低技能工人应该得到更多再培训的机会。故选 D 项。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passages. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence
can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
What Makes a Nbel Laureate?
Are there any predictrs that pint t wh will be selected as Nbel laureates?
Is brilliance in childhd a predictr? When the 2006 chemistry laureate, Rger Krnberg, was asked what he
wanted fr Christmas, he said, “A week in the lab.”
abandned child n the streets f wartime Italy.
67
. Mari Capecchi (medicine, 2007) was an
68
. Five f Enric Fermi’s (physics, 1938) pstdctral students went n t win the Nbel Prize.
Ott Warburg (medicine, 1931) advised an American dctral student, “If yu wish t becme a scientist, yu must
ask a successful scientist t accept yu in his labratry.”
Experts ften recmmend that peple specialize in ne field f wrk r research t maximize their chances f
success.
69
If yu lk at the careers f Nbel Prize winners, yu’ll find that they are unusually likely t
be “creative plymaths.” That is, they purpsely integrate frmal and infrmal expertise frm widely varied
disciplines t yield new and useful ideas and practices.
There remains ne quality that is essential. It is what Len Lederman (physics, 1988) called “cmpulsive
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dedicatin.”
70
. Take Marie Curie (physics, 1903; chemistry, 1911) and her husband Pierre (physics,
1903). The Curies were assigned a shed with a leaking rf and a dirt flr, where they wrked fr years, freezing
in winter and sweltering in summer. “And yet,” Marie Curie wrte in her bigraphy f her husband, “it was in this
miserable ld shed that the best and happiest years f ur life were spent, entirely dedicated t wrk.”
A．What distinguishes Nbel laureates is passin fr their wrk, wrk that engages their hearts as well as their
heads.
B．But early privilege is nt essential.
C．The typical Nbel laureate in science is a male brn int a middle-class family.
D．In many Nbel laureates’ autbigraphies, they pay tribute t an utstanding mentr.
E．In fact, Nbel laureates are mstly dwn-t-earth and discreet.
F．Yet recently published researches indicate that successful innvatrs take a brader path.
【参考答案】67．B
68．D
69．F
70．A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就得诺贝尔奖的条件展开说明，列举了诺贝尔奖得主的一些特性。
【详情解析】
67．根据上文“Is brilliance in childhd a predictr? When the 2006 chemistry laureate, Rger Krnberg, was
asked what he wanted fr Christmas, he said, “A week in the lab.”(童年时期的聪明才智是一种预测因素吗？当
2006 年化学奖得主罗杰·科恩伯格被问到他想要什么圣诞礼物时，他说：“在实验室里呆上一周。”)”以及后文
“Mari Capecchi (medicine, 2007) was an abandned child n the streets f wartime Italy.(马里奥·卡佩基（医学，
2007）是战时意大利街头的一个被遗弃的孩子)”可知，后文马里奥·卡佩基的例子表明，小时候是个被遗弃
的孩子，从而说明了小时候环境优越并不是可以预测得诺贝尔奖的因素，本句与上文构成转折关系。故 B
选项“但是早期特权不是必要的”符合语境，故选 B。
68．根据后文“Five f Enric Fermi’s (physics, 1938) pstdctral students went n t win the Nbel Prize. Ott
Warburg (medicine, 1931) advised an American dctral student, “If yu wish t becme a scientist, yu must ask
a successful scientist t accept yu in his labratry.”(恩里科·费米（物理学，1938 年）的五个博士后学生后来
获得了诺贝尔奖。Ott Warburg（医学，1931 年）对一位美国博士生说：“如果你想成为一名科学家，你必须
让一位成功的科学家接受你进入他的实验室。”)”可知，后文提到恩里科·费米（物理学，1938 年）的五个博
士后学生后来获得了诺贝尔奖，即可推知恩里科·费米是这五个诺贝尔奖得主的导师。故 D 选项“在许多诺
贝尔奖得主的自传中，他们赞扬一位杰出的导师”符合语境，故选 D。
69．根据上文“Experts ften recmmend that peple specialize in ne field f wrk r research t maximize their
chances f success.(专家们经常建议人们专注于一个领域的工作或研究，以最大限度地提高他们成功的机会)”
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以及后文“If yu lk at the careers f Nbel Prize winners, yu’ll find that they are unusually likely t be
“creative plymaths.” That is, they purpsely integrate frmal and infrmal expertise frm widely varied
disciplines t yield new and useful ideas and practices.(如果你看看诺贝尔奖得主的职业生涯，你会发现他们非
常有可能是“有创造力的博学家”。也就是说，他们有意地整合来自广泛不同学科的正式和非正式的专业知
识，以产生新的和有用的想法和实践)”可知，后文提到诺贝尔奖得主整合来自广泛不同学科的专业知识。由
此可知，本句与上文专注于一个领域的工作或研究构成转折，指出要多方面发展。故 F 选项“然而，最近发
表的研究表明，成功的创新者走的是更广阔的道路”符合语境，故选 F。
70．根据后文“Take Marie Curie (physics, 1903; chemistry, 1911) and her husband Pierre (physics, 1903). The
Curies were assigned a shed with a leaking rf and a dirt flr, where they wrked fr years, freezing in winter
and sweltering in summer. “And yet,” Marie Curie wrte in her bigraphy f her husband, “it was in this miserable
ld shed that the best and happiest years f ur life were spent, entirely dedicated t wrk.”(比如玛丽·居里（物理
学，1903 年;化学，1911）和她的丈夫皮埃尔（物理学，1903）。居里夫妇被分配到一个屋顶漏水、地面肮
脏的棚子里，他们在那里工作了好几年，冬天冻得要命，夏天闷热难耐。“然而，”玛丽·居里在她丈夫的传记
中写道，“我们一生中最美好的、最快乐的时光，就是在这个悲惨的老棚子里度过的，我们把全部精力都投
入到了工作中。”)”可知，后文居里夫人和丈夫的例子表明，他们把全部精力都投入到了工作中，对工作充满
热情。故 A 选项“诺贝尔奖得主的与众不同之处在于他们对工作的热情，这种工作既投入了他们的头脑，也
投入了他们的心灵”符合语境，故选 A。
IV. Summary Writing(共 10 分）
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre
than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Panic Buying
Have yu ever watched ne f the many TV shws set during the apcalypse (大灾难). If it’s nt zmbies, it’s
viruses r natural disasters. One thing that seems t be a typical part f these series is survivrs searching fr fd
and resurces. Is that why peple stckpile fd when things g bad?
What is stckpiling? Quite simply it’s when peple accumulate a substantial number f gds, fr example
fd r water.
But why d we d it? Cnsumer psychlgist Paul Marsden puts it dwn t three factrs that relate t retail
therapy. Firstly, ‘autnmy’ -the idea that peple feel the need t be in cntrl. Secndly, ‘relatedness’ - panic
shpping helps peple t feel cnnected t the cmmunity r ther shppers wh are ding the same. Lastly,
‘cmpetence’ - peple want t feel like they are ‘smart shppers’ and ding the right thing. Sander Van der Lindn,
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an assistant prfessr f scial psychlgy at Cambridge University, said that a phenmenn knwn as ‘fear
cntagin (传播)’ can take hld. Peple’s decisin making stps when stressed, s they fllw the actins f ther
peple. If they are panic buying, yu will t.
S, can yu stp peple frm stckpiling? Well, supermarkets can ratin the amunt f prducts cnsumers
purchase, and gvernments can try t reassure peple that there is n need t panic. Hwever, it seems that it ges
against ur basic psychlgy t try and stp peple frm panic buying.
S, the next time a virus, natural disaster r zmbie apcalypse starts, remember that panic buying is prbably
a given, thanks t ur need fr retail therapy t manage ur emtinal state.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
Panic buying ccurs due t the need fr peple t be in cntrl, feel cnnected t thers wh are als panic
buying and be “smart shppers”. Building up a large stck f supplies is a frm f retail therapy that helps peple
manage their emtinal state. In general, trying t stp peple frm panic buying is cunterprductive.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，恐慌性购买的发生是由于人们需要控制自己，与其他也有
恐慌性购买的人建立联系，并成为“聪明的购物者”。建立大量的供应库存是一种零售疗法，可以帮助人们
管理自己的情绪状态。一般来说，试图阻止人们恐慌性购买是适得其反的。
【详情解析】1 要点摘录
①Firstly, ‘autnmy’ -the idea that peple feel the need t be in cntrl.
②Secndly, ‘relatedness’ - panic shpping helps peple t feel cnnected t the cmmunity r ther shppers
wh are ding the same.
③Lastly, ‘cmpetence’ - peple want t feel like they are ‘smart shppers’ and ding the right thing.
④Well, supermarkets can ratin the amunt f prducts cnsumers purchase, and gvernments can try t reassure
peple that there is n need t panic.
⑤Hwever, it seems that it ges against ur basic psychlgy t try and stp peple frm panic buying.
⑥remember that panic buying is prbably a given, thanks t ur need fr retail therapy t manage ur emtinal
state.
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2.缜密构思
将第 4、5 两个要点进行重组，将第 1、2、3 三个要点进行整合，将第 6 要点进行重写。
3.遣词造句
Panic buying ccurs because peple need t take cntrl, cnnect with thers wh are als panic buying, and
becme “smart shppers”.
Building a large supply inventry is a retail therapy that can help peple manage their emtinal state.
Generally speaking, trying t prevent peple panic buying is cunterprductive.
【点睛】[高分句型 1] Panic buying ccurs due t the need fr peple t be in cntrl, feel cnnected t thers wh
are als panic buying and be “smart shppers”.(运用 wh 引导的定语从句)
[高分句型 2] Building up a large stck f supplies is a frm f retail therapy that helps peple manage their
emtinal state. (运用 that 引导的定语从句)
V.Translatin (共 15 分。第 1 小题和第 2 小题,每题 3 分;第 3 题 4 分;第 4 题 5 分。)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72．你知道谁应该为这场严重的事故负责吗? (blame) (汉译英)
【答案】D yu knw wh shuld be t blame fr this serius accident?
【详解】考查疑问句和固定搭配。“你知道……吗？”翻译为 D yu knw...？knw 后面跟 wh 引导的宾语从
句；“应该”用情态动词 shuld，“为……负责”用 be t blame fr 表示，情态动词后用动词原形，“这次严重的事
故”翻译为 this serius accident。故整句翻译为 D yu knw wh shuld be t blame fr this serius accident?
73．这是一本如此好的小说，不同的读者可以和里面不同的人物产生共鸣。(Such…that…) (汉译英)
【答案】Such a gd nvel is this that different readers can resnate with different characters in it.
【详解】考查固定句型和倒装句。表示“如此……以至于”应用 such…that…，位于句首应用部分倒装；表示“这
是”应用 this is；表示“一本好的小说”应用 a gd nvel；that 从句中，表示“不同的读者”为 different readers；
表示“产生共鸣”短语为 resnate with，can 后跟动原形；表示“里面不同的人物”翻译为 different characters in it。
为一般现在时。故翻译为 Such a gd nvel is this that different readers can resnate with different characters in
it.
74.正是因为中国企业敢于迎接挑战，不断创新，国货不再受到不公平待遇，反而比进口商品更具竞争优势。
(edge) (汉译英)
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【答案】It is because Chinese cmpanies/crpratins/businesses dare t rise t the challenge and innvate
cnstantly that Chinese gds n lnger suffer (frm) unfair treatment; instead, they gain a cmpetitive edge ver
imprted gds.
【详解】考查短语、时态、状语从句和强调句。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，翻译本句用强
调句，其结构为：It is +强调部分+that + 从句。“敢于”用短语 dare t，“迎接挑战”用短语 rise t the challenge，
“因为中国企业敢于迎接挑战，不断创新”翻译为 because Chinese cmpanies/crpratins/businesses dare t rise
t the challenge and innvate cnstantly，为 because 引导的原因状语从句；“国货”翻译为 Chinese gds；“不再”
用短语 n lnger；“受到”用短语 suffer (frm)；“不公平待遇”翻译为 unfair treatment；“反而比进口商品更具竞
争优势”翻译为 instead, they gain a cmpetitive edge ver imprted gds。故翻译为 It is because Chinese
cmpanies/crpratins/businesses dare t rise t the challenge and innvate cnstantly that Chinese gds n
lnger suffer (frm) unfair treatment; instead, they gain a cmpetitive edge ver imprted gds.
75．尽管这次的暴风雨与我之后所遇到的相比不值一提，但却给我留下了深刻的印象以至于我下定决心再
也不无视父亲给我的任何建议。(reslve) (汉译英)
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【答案】Althugh the strm was nthing cmpared t what I encuntered later, it left such a deep impressin n
me that I reslved never t ignre any advice my father gave me again.
【详解】考查连词、名词、动词、副词和短语。分析句意可知，本句的时态可用一般过去时来陈述过去事
实。表示“尽管”可用连词 althugh 来引导让步状语从句，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写；表示“暴风雨”
可用名词 strm 在状语从句中做主语；表示“不值一提”可用 be nthing；表示“与……相比”可用固定短语
cmpared t；表示“之后所遇到的”可用从句 what I encuntered later；表示“留下”可用动词的过去式 left 作主
句的谓语：表示“深刻印象”可用短语 a deep impressin；表示“如此……以至于”可用固定搭配 such……that；
表示“下定决心”可用短语 reslve t d sth，因为时态是一般过去时，所以用 reslved；表示“从不”可用副词
never；表示“无视”可用动词 ignre；表示“再也”用副词 again；表示“建议”可用名词 advice；表示“父亲给我
的”可用省略引导词的定语从句 my father gave me。故答案为 Althugh the strm was nthing cmpared t what
I encuntered later, it left such a deep impressin n me that I reslved never t ignre any advice my father gave
me again。
VI.Guided Writing(共 25 分)
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是启明中学高二学生李明。你的笔友约翰近日发邮件和你说，他拟使用数字化学习工具来辅助
完成作业，想听取你的意见。请回复电子邮件给笔友，内容须包含：
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1. 对此做法的态度；
2. 结合个人经历给出你的理由。
(文章中请不要出现真实的校名和姓名)
Dear Jhn,
________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________
【参考答案】
Dear Jhn,
I’m glad t hear yu’re cnsidering using digital learning tls t aid yur studies. I fully supprt this idea.
In my wn experience, digital tls have greatly enhanced my learning efficiency. They prvide instant
access t a wealth f resurces, frm nline tutrials t interactive simulatins. Mrever, these tls ften make
cmplex cncepts mre visual and understandable.
I believe they can be equally beneficial fr yu. Feel free t explre and experiment with varius tls t
find the nes that suit yu best. I’m cnfident they will help yu achieve yur academic gals.
Yurs,
Li Ming
【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你的笔友约翰近日发邮件说，他拟使用数字化学习工具来辅助完
成作业，想听取你的意见。要求考生回复电子邮件给笔友。
【详情解析】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
考虑：cnsider→take int accunt
支持：supprt→apprve
有益的：beneficial→rewarding
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：In my wn experience, digital tls have greatly enhanced my learning efficiency. They prvide instant
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access t a wealth f resurces, frm nline tutrials t interactive simulatins.
拓展句：In my wn experience, nt nly d digital tls have greatly enhanced my learning efficiency, but als
they prvide instant access t a wealth f resurces, frm nline tutrials t interactive simulatins.
【点睛】[高分句型 1] Feel free t explre and experiment with varius tls t find the nes that suit yu best. (运
用了 that 引导定语从句)
[高分句型 2] I believe they can be equally beneficial fr yu. (运用了省略 that 的宾语从句)
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