第01讲 一般现在时和情态动词can-【寒假自学课】2025年七年级英语寒假提升精品讲义（人教版2024）

这是一份第01讲 一般现在时和情态动词can-【寒假自学课】2025年七年级英语寒假提升精品讲义（人教版2024），文件包含专题01一般现在时原卷版docx、专题01一般现在时解析版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共30页， 欢迎下载使用。

一般现在时
考点一 一般现在时的定义
①表示现在的情况或状态。
e. g. I am eleven years ld. 我十一岁。
②表示经常性、习惯性或反复发生的动作或状态。
e. g. I usually g t schl by bus.
我经常坐公交车上学。
③表示客观真理、事实。
e. g. The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东边升起。
【考点再现】
The by ften ________ a kite n Sunday in spring.
A．flyB．flyingC．fliesD．flew
考点二 常与一般现在时连用的时间标志词
【考点再现】
1.The girl usually (pass) by the fast-fd restaurant and buys sme fd.
2．Smetimes she (mix) tw different clrs tgether t make a new clr.
考点三 一般现在时的结构
一、含有 be动词的一般现在时构成
①肯定句: 主语+ am/ is/ are+其他
e. g. She is a teacher.
她是一名老师。
②否定句: 主语+ am/ is/ are+ nt+其他
e. g. She isn't a teacher.
她不是一名老师。
③一般疑问句: Am/ Is/ Are+主语+其他?
肯定回答: Yes,主语+ am/ is/ are.
否定回答: N,主语+ am/ is/ are+ nt.
e. g.— Is he a pupil?他是一名学生吗?
— Yes, he is.是的, 他是。
— N, he isn't.不, 他不是。
二、含有实义动词的一般现在时构成
①肯定句： 主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式+其他
e. g. She likes strawberries.
她喜欢草莓。
②否定句:主语+ dn’ t/ desn’ t+动词原形+其他
e. g. She desn't like ranges.
她不喜欢橘子。
③一般疑问句: D/ Des+主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答: Yes, 主语+ d/ des.
否定回答: N, 主语+ dn’ t/ desn't.
e. g.— Des she like bananas?她喜欢香蕉吗
— Yes, she des.是的, 她喜欢。
— N, she desn't.不, 她不喜欢。
【考点再现】
—________ yur sister ________ English every mrning?
—Yes, but nw I am reading Chinese.
A．D; readB．Are; readC．Are; readingD．Des; read
考点四 实义动词的第三人称单数的变化规则
实义动词的第三人称单数的变化规则
①一般情况下， 直接在词尾加-s。
e. g. play— plays run— runs
②以s、x、 ch、 sh、结尾的单词,加-es
e. g. fix— fixes teach— teaches
③以“辅音字母+y"结尾的单词, 变y为i, 再加-es。
e. g. study— studies fly— flies
④不规则变化: have— has一般现在时
【考点再现】
1．Jack ften (g) t bed befre 10 pm.
2．Helen ften (d) sme shpping with her friends.
情态动词Can
考点一 情态动词can引导的陈述句
1、结构：主语 + 情态动词can + 动词原形 + 其它。
2、情态动词can，后面接动词原形，没有人称和数的区别。
3、Can，“能、会”，用于表示个人能力，例如：We can d Chinese ung fu.我会中国功夫。
也可以用于表示请求，例如：Can I help yu?
例如：I can speak English. 我会说英语。
Tm can play the guitar. 汤姆会弹吉他。
Alice and Grace can dance well. 爱丽丝和格蕾丝能够跳舞跳得很好。
【考点再现】
She can (make) all kinds f delicius fd.
考点二 含有情态动词can的否定句
结构：主语 + 情态动词can + nt + 动词原形 + 其它。
cannt = can’t 不能
例如：The little by can’t walk. 小男孩不会走路。
又如：I can’t play the guitar r the vilin. 我不会弹吉他，也不会拉小提琴。
【考点再现】
Kate can write stries and play the vilin. (改为否定句)
Kate write stries play the vilin.
【详解】故填。
考点三 含有情态动词can的一般疑问句
结构： 情态动词can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它?
例如：—Can yu play the guitar? 你会弹吉他吗？
又如：—Can Tm speak English? 汤姆会说英语吗？
情态动词Can引导的一般疑问句的回答。
肯定回答：Yes , I \ he \ she \ we \ they can.
否定回答：N , I \ he \ she \ we \ they can’t.
【考点再现】
I can play the vilin. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
— the vilin?
—Yes,
考点四 情态动词can引导的特殊疑问句
本单元主要学习由What和情态动词构成的特殊疑问句：What can yu d ?你会做什么？
回答：I can ...我会...
类似的句子：1、What can she d ? 她会做什么？
She can sing.她会唱歌。
What can he d? 他会做什么？
He can play the guitar. 他会弹吉他。
What can they d? 他们会做什么？
They can play the vilin and the drums.
他们会拉小提琴，也会敲鼓。
【考点再现】
Bill can draw and swim. （对画线部分提问）
Bill ?
考点四 情态动词can其它用法
【拓展】
（1）can还可以表示许可或请求，意为“可以”。
Can yu cme t my birthday party?你可以来我的生日聚会吗？
（2）can还可以表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句或疑问句中。
That man can't be my English teacher.那个人不可能是我的英语老师。
Can that by be Bill?那个男孩可能是比尔吗？
1．—________ she like music?
—Yes. She ________ t play the pian.
A．D; likeB．Des; likeC．Des; likesD．D; likes
2．Tm _________ his grandparents every weekend.
A．visitedB．visitsC．will visit
3．My cusin and I ften _________ n Sundays.
A．play ftballB．play the ftballC．plays the ftballD．plays ftball
4．Millie’s hair ________ shrt, but her sister ________ lng hair.
A．is; hasB．are; haveC．are; hasD．is; have
5．— What traditinal fd ________ yu usually ________ at the birthday dinner?
— At the birthday dinner, we eat ndles.
A．are; eatingB．is; eatingC．d; eatD．des; eat
6．I ________ ne ftball, but my brther ________ three.
A．have; hasB．has; haveC．have; have
7．His mum desn’t like swimming, she ften ________ him ________.
A．watch; swimB．watches; t swim
C．watch; swimmingD．watches; swim
8．Simn lves sprt. He ________ ftball fr half an hur every day.
A．playB．playsC．is playingD．played
9．She ________ (nt have) enugh mney t buy the new dress.
A．desn’t haveB．didn’t haveC．wn’t haveD．hasn’t had
10．Tm ften ________ t schl by bike.
A．cameB．is cmingC．will cmeD．cmes
11．—Can she g ut n schl nights?
—N, she ________.
A．desn’tB．dn’tC．can’tD．isn’t
12．—Alice, ________ yu draw pictures?
—Yes, I can.
A．needB．mayC．wuldD．can
13．—Can yu play the vilin?
—________ But I can play the pian.
A．Yes, I can. I play it very well.B．N, I can’t.
C．Yes, I d.D．N, I dn’t want t learn.
14．—Can yu play the pian?
—Yes, I ________. I ften practice it n weekends.
A．needB．canC．mustD．shuld
15．Lu yang likes swimming very much and he ________ swim very well.
A．can’tB．canC．shuldn’tD．shuld
16．—Can yu play the pian?
—N, I ________. But I ________ play the vilin.
A．can; canB．can’t; can’tC．can; can’tD．can’t; can
17．I ________ ride a bike, but I ________ drive a car. Because I dn’t have driving license (驾照).
A．can; canB．can’t; can’tC．can’t; canD．can; can’t
18．With the help f nline classes (网课), students ________ study at hme.
A．canB．mustC．shuldD．need
19．—What ________ Jenny ________?
—She can sing ________ dance.
A．des; d; andB．can; d; andC．can; des; rD．des; d; r
20．—________ yur friend play the guitar?
—Yes, he ________.
A．Des; canB．Can; desC．Can; canD．Can; can’t
真题感知
1．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—Mm, when can I have an ice cream?
—When yu ________ yur meal. But dn’t rush it.
A．finishB．will finishC．finishesD．finished
2．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）T make ur hmetwn mre beautiful, we _______ many trees and flwers every year.
A．plantB．are plantingC．plantedD．were planting
3．（2024·北京·中考真题）A lt f peple in China ________ by high-speed train every year.
A．travelB．traveledC．will travelD．have traveled
4．（2024·河北·中考真题）Jenny is an early bird. She ________ at 6:00 in the mrning.
A．gets upB．gt upC．will get upD．has gt up
5．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）The Danube is a river in Eurpe. It ________ thrugh Vienna.
A．will gB．wentC．gesD．has gne
6．（2023·甘肃武威·中考真题）If yu heat ice, it ________ int water.
A．turnsB．turnedC．was turningD．has turned
7．（2022·湖北·中考真题）He ________ newspapers at 8:00 every evening.
A．readsB．is readingC．was readingD．has read
8．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）—I dn’t think sixteen-year-lds shuld be allwed t drive.
—I ________. It’s nt safe.
A．agreeB．agreedC．will agreeD．had agreed
9．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）Xia Sen ________ a simple life and saves her mney fr dnatins.
A．livesB．livedC．was livingD．will live
10．（2021·广西柳州·中考真题）He________ like his brther.
A．lkB．lksC．lking
11．（2021·广西桂林·中考真题）The zebra eats grass, but it ________ eat meat.
A．desn’tB．didn’tC．dn’t
12．（2021·四川凉山·中考真题）—I ften see Peter’s father play basketball n my way t schl.
—That’s nt strange. Nt nly Peter but als his father ________ sprts.
A．enjyB．enjysC．enjyedD．was enjyed
13．（2021·北京·中考真题）—Lily, what d yu usually d after schl?
—I ________ exercise with my friends.
A．dB．didC．will dD．was ding
14．（2024·海南·中考真题）—________ I g ut with my friend nw, Dad?
—I’m afraid yu have t finish yur hmewrk first.
A．CanB．ShuldC．Must
15．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）— ________ yu shw me hw t play the vilin, Suzy?
— N prblem.
A．CanB．ShuldC．MustD．Need
16．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Althugh the little by is nly 6 years ld, he _______ d DIY well with his special mind.
A．canB．can’tC．mustD．mustn’t
17．（2024·北京·中考真题）— Bill, ________ I use yur ruler?
— Of curse yu can. Here yu are.
A．canB．mustC．needD．shuld
18．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）Lili ________ be at hme. She has gne t the farm t pick apples.
A．mustn’tB．can’tC．mustD．can
19．（2024·河北·中考真题）—Lk! Is that girl Alice?
—N, it ________ be her. She is n a tur in Beijing nw.
A．canB．can’tC．mustD．mustn’t
20．（2024·四川雅安·中考真题）—Is that yur friend Laura ver there?
—N, it ____________ be Laura. She has gne t Shenzhen.
A．mustB．mustn’tC．canD．can’t
提升专练
一、单项选择
1．Peple usually ________ Zngzi n the Dragn Bat Festival in China.
A．eatB．ateC．are eatingD．will eat
2．—Sam, what d yu usually d t help arund the huse?
—I ________ ut the rubbish.
A．takeB．tkC．have takenD．will take
3．Tm likes sprts. He ften ________ ftball with his friends n weekends.
A．playsB．is playingC．playedD．will play
4．My mm ________ zngzi fr us every Dragn Bat Festival. I like zngzi with red beans.
A．madeB．makesC．will makeD．has made
5．Linda ________ her ntes befre ding hmewrk every day.
A．reviewsB．was reviewingC．will reviewD．has reviewed
6．Mr. White likes ftball. He ________ ftball matches n TV every weekend.
A．will watchB．watchedC．watchesD．has watched
7．Bruce always _________ his teeth after having dinner.
A．brushesB．is brushingC．will brushD．was brushing
8．I’m n the schl ftball team, and usually we ________ a match n Saturday.
A．hadB．haveC．are havingD．have had
9．—________ she like music?
—Yes. She ________ t play the pian.
A．D; likeB．Des; likeC．Des; likesD．D; likes
10．—What ________ yur sister lk like?
—She is pretty and cute.
A．isB．desC．dD．are
11．—D Lucy and Lily ________ bikes?
—N. Lucy ________ a bike, but Lily desn’t.
A．has; hasB．have; hasC．have; haveD．has; have
12．The sun ________ up in the east and ________ dwn in the west.
A．ges; gesB．g; g
C．will g; shall gD．ges; will g
13．—What d yu usually d after schl?
—I usually ________ sprts in the park.
A．playB．playsC．am playingD．will play
14．Tm desn’t ________ a baseball, but his brther ________.
A．have; desB．has; hasC．has; desD．have; has
15．—________ yur parents eat meat every day?
—Yes. But my sister nly ________ vegetables.
A．D; eatB．D; eatsC．Des; eatD．Des; eats
16．—Tim, ________ yu play the pian?
—Yes, I can.
A．canB．mustC．shuldD．need
17．—Culd I feed the bird, mum?
—Srry. I’m afraid yu ________. The sign ver there says, “Please d nt feed the birds.”
A．canB．culdC．can’tD．culdn’t
18．—_____ penguins fly like ther birds?
—N, but they can swim very fast like fish.
A．CanB．ShuldC．MustD．May
19．I ________ ride a bike when I was ten.
A．canB．culdC．shuldD．must
20．—Can yu swim?
—________ I think it’s t difficult fr me.
A．N, I dn’t.B．Yes, I can.C．N, I can’t.D．Yes, I d.
考点聚焦：核心考点+中考考点，有的放矢
重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺
难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升
学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破
思路点拨：句意：那个男孩经常在春天的每周日放风筝。
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据ften可知句子用一般现在时，主语是The by，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式flies，故选C。
答案 C
标志词
示例
频率副词
always; usually; ften; smetimes; seldm; never
n+星期复数
n Mndays; n weekends
every 系列
every day; every year
固定周期
nce a week; twice a year
思路点拨：例题主要考查一般现在时的时间状语。
1.句意：这个女孩通常经过快餐店并买一些食物。根据“usually”可知，本句描述经常发生的事情，应该用一般现在时，主语The girl是第三人称单数，动词用单三。故填passes。
2.句意：有时候她把两种不同的颜色混合起来来制作一种新的颜色。根据“Smetimes she”可知时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填mixes。
答案1. passes 2. mixes
思路点拨：例题主要考查一般现在时的一般疑问句。
句意：——你姐姐每天早上都读英语吗？——是的，但现在我在读语文。
考查一般现在时和一般疑问句。根据“every mrning”可知，问句应用一般现在时，故排除选项C（现在进行时）；选项B的结构有误，are不应与动词原形连用，也可排除；问句的主语是“yur sister”，此时助动词应用des。
答案 D
思路点拨：例题主要考查实义动词的第三人称单数的变化规则。
1.句意：杰克经常在晚上10点之前上床睡觉。根据“ften”可知，句子描述的是经常性、习惯性的动作，所以应该使用一般现在时。又因为主语“Jack”是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词“g”也应该使用第三人称单数形式ges。故填ges。
2.句意：海伦经常和她的朋友一起购物。根据“ften”可知，本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填des。
答案1. ges 2. des
思路点拨：句意：她能做各种美味的食物。空前有情态动词can，所以空处用动词原形
答案make
思路点拨：句意：凯特会写故事和拉小提琴。原句含有情态动词can，改为否定句，需把can变为否定形式can’t。同时，原句中连接并列成分的and需变为r。
答案can’t；r
思路点拨：句意：我会拉小提琴。句子含有情态动词can，变为一般疑问句时，应将can置于句首，首字母要大写，后接动词原形；主语“I”改为第二人称“yu”；作肯定回答，应表达为“Yes, I can”。
答案Can；yu；play；I；can
思路点拨：句意：比尔会画画和游泳。根据题干要求对划线部分“draw and swim”提问，应用特殊疑问词what，应是询问Bill会做什么，原句是含有情态动词的陈述句，变成一般疑问句将“can”提前；d表示“做”，情态动词can后跟动词原形。
答案 What can d