英语选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics习题

这是一份英语选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics习题，共9页。试卷主要包含了关系代词引导的定语从句，关系副词引导的定语从句，Dr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
复习：定语从句
（一）定语从句中关系词的选择
1.关系代词引导的定语从句
The man wh（m）yu saw just nw is ur manager.（先行词指(1)______，关系词在从句中作宾语）
Is he the man wh/that wants t see yu？（wh/that在从句中作(2)_______语）
He is the man whm/that I saw yesterday. （whm/that在从句中作(3)_______语）
Please pass me the bk whse cver is green. （先行词指(4)_______，关系词在从句中作(5)_______语）
The prsperity which/that has never been seen befre appears in the cuntryside.（which/that在从句中作(6)________语）
The package（which/that）yu are carrying is abut t me unwrapped（which/that在从句中作(7)_______语）
They talked in such simple English as children culd understand. （as在从句中作(8)______语）
As is knwn t all，fish can't live withut water.（As 从句中作(9)_______语）
2.关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词when、where、why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which"结构交换使用。
There are ccasins (10)________（n which）ne must yield.
Beijing is the place where (11)________ I was brn.
Is this the reasn why（ (12)________ which）he refused ur ffer？
（二）定语从句的分类
1.根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，可将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，如果去掉，主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明，即使去掉也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。
This is the huse which we bught last mnth.（(13)________ 定语从句）
The huse，which we bught last mnth，is very nice.（(14)_______定语从句）
2.当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词和指示代词修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是(15)_________定语从句。例如：
Charles Smith，wh was my frmer teacher，retired last year.
My huse，which I bught last year，has gt a lvely.
This nvel, which I have read three times, is very tuching.
3.非限制性定语从句还能将(16)__________作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句的谓语动词要用(17)________。
[注意]关系代词(18)_______和关系副词(19)_______不能引导非限制性定语从句。（三）难点突破
1.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（1）关系代词作介词的宾语，当介词置于定语从句句首时，关系代词只能用(20)______（指物）或(21)________（指人）。
The pencil with which he was writing suddenly brke.
Lk at the pht. This is Mr. Green, in frnt f whm sit three students.
[名师点津]
“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时介词的选择
①介词的选择要根据定语从句中的谓语、先行词以及它们之间的搭配来确定。
②有些“动词+介词”短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，故不能提到关系词前。
（2）“名词/代词+f+ which/whm”引导的定语从句可转化为“f+ which/whm+名词/代词”引导的定语从句。
There are 40 students in ur class，(22)_________（=(23)_______）like English.
我们班有40名学生，他们中的大多数喜欢英语。
（3）“whse+名词”引导定语从句时，可转化为“the+名词+f+ which/whm”或“f+ which/whm +the+名词”。介词f表示所属关系。
I live in a rm whse windws are all brken.
=I live in a rm (24)______（=(25)_______）are all brken我住在一个窗户都坏了的房间里。
2.定语从句中需要注意的问题
（1）as、which引导非限制性定语从句时，as通常指代整个主句的内容，which既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代具体的词或词组；as引导的从句位置灵活，可位于主句之前、之中或之后，而 which引导的从句通常位于先行词之后。
(26)________ we all knw，smking is harmful t ne's health我们都知道，吸烟有害健康。
He finished the wrk ahead f time, (27)________ imprtant t us.
他提前完成了工作，这对我们来说很重要。
（2）the …表示“同一个，就是那一个”；而the 表示“与…一样（但不是同一个）”。
This is the same bk (28)______ I lst yesterday.
这就是我昨天丢的那本书。
This is the same bk (29)______ I lst yesterday.
这与我昨天丢的那本书一样
（3）在一些类似地点的抽象名词后面，也可用关系副词where来引导定语从句。
I can think f many cases where cultural differences really exist.
（4）定语从句的关系代词宜用that而不宜用 which的情况
①当先行词是 all much、anything、nthing、等不定代词时。
We shuld d everything that is useful t the peple
②当先行词是③词或被序数词修饰时。
When we talk abut Hangzhu, the first/last that cmes t ur mind is West Lake.
③当先行词是形容词最高级或被(32)________修饰时。
This is the smallest cmputer that can be fr fund in the wrld nw.
④当先行词既有人又有物时。
They talked abut the teachers and schls that they had visited.
⑤当先行词被 the very，the nly，the same等修饰时。
The nly thing that I need nw is a cup f cffee.
链接高考
单句填空
1.（2020课标全国I，语法填空，★★☆）
Because the mns bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe，China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt _______ it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.
2.（2020课标全国Ⅲ，语法填空，★★☆）In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almst lifelike. The artists ________ reputatin had made him prud.
3.（2020全国新高考I，语法填空，★★☆）
The 80，000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane，fr example，frmed the cre cllectin f the British Museum _______ pened in 1759.
4.（2020天津，6，★★☆）Dr. Rwan，_______ secretary resigned tw weeks ag，has had t d all his wn typing.
5.（2019课标全国Ⅱ，语法填空，★☆☆）
Nw Irene Astbury wrks frm 9am t the pet shp in Macclesfield, _______ she pened with her late husband Les.
6.（2019课标全国Ⅲ，语法填空，★☆☆）
They were well trained by their masters _______ had great experience with caring fr these animals.
7.（2019浙江，语法填空，★☆☆）On the edge f the jacket，there is a piece f clth _______ gives ff light in the dark.
8.（2019北京，语法填空C，★★☆）The students benefitting mst frm cllege are thse ______ are ttally engaged（参与）
in academic life taking full advantage f the cllege's chances and resurces（ii源
9.（2019江苏，21，★★☆）We have entered int an age ______ dreams have the best chance f cming true.
10.（2019天津，11，★★☆）Their child is at the stage ______ she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences.
11.（2018课标全国I，语法填空，★☆☆）Tw f the authrs f the review als made a study published in 2014 _______ shwed a mere five t 10 minutes a day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all causes.
12.（2018课标全国Ⅱ，语法填空，★☆☆）The Chinese Ministry f Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the gvernment started a sil-testing prgram _______ gives specific fertilizer recmmendatins t farmers-and2011，fertilizer use drpped by 7.7millin tns.
13.（2018浙江，语法填空，★☆☆）Many westerners _______ cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut
14.（2018北京，5，★☆☆）She and her family bicycle t wrk, _______ helps them keep fit.
15.（2018天津，2，★★☆）Kate，________ sister I shared a rm with when we were at cllege，has gne t wrk in Australia.
16.（2018江苏，23，★★☆）Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest f the wrld are n the same starting line.
17.（2017江苏，28，★★☆）In1963 the UN Wrld Fd Prgramme，ne f _______ purpses is t relieve wrldwide starvatin.
18.（2017天津，9，★★☆）My eldest sn，_______ wrk takes him all ver the wrld.is in New Yrk at the mment.
19.（2017北京，31，★★☆）The little prblems ________ we meet in ur daily lives may be inspiratins fr great Inventins.
20.（2017课标全国I，语法填空，★★☆）Like anything，it is pssible t have t much f bth, ________ is nt gd fr the health.
21.（2017课标全国Ⅲ，语法填空，★★☆）But Sarah, _______ has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels，wants t prve that she has brains as well as beauty.
22.（2017浙江，语法填空，★★☆）Pahlssn and her husband nw think the ring prbably gt swept int a pile f kitchen rubbish and was spread ver the garden, _______ it remained until the carrts leafy tp accidentally spruted（生长）thrugh it.
23.（2016北京，22，★★☆）I live next dr t a cuple _______ children ften make a lt f nise.
24.（2016江苏，23，★★☆）Many yung peple，mst f ______ were well educated，headed fr remte regins t chase their dreams.
25.（2016天津，9，★★☆）We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, ______ the weather may be better.
26.（2016浙江，11，★★☆）Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry tears nne f _______ has been prved.
27.（2016课标全国I，语法填空，★★☆）But my cnnectin with pandas ges back t my days n a TV shw in the mid-1980s，_______ I was the first Western TV reprter permitted t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild.
28.（2016课标全国Ⅲ，语法填空，★★☆）Sme peple think that the great Chinese schlar Cnfucius, _______ lived frm rughly 551 t 479 B. C.，influenced the develpment f chpsticks.
29.（★★★）Sme experts think reading is the fundamental skill upn ______ schl educatin depends.
答案：
(1)人 (2)主 (3)宾 (4)物 (5)定 (6)主 (7)宾 (8)宾 (9)主 (10)when (11)in which (12)fr (13)限制性 (14)非限制性 (15)非限制性 (16)整个主句 (17)第三人称单数
(18) that (19) why (20) which (21) whm (22) mst f whm (23) f whm mst (24) the windws f which (25)f which the windws (26)As (27) which (28)that (29)as (30)everything (31)序数 (32)形容词最高级
1.where考查定语从句。先行词为spt，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语。因此用关系副词 where。
2. whse考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 an artist，将先行词代入从句后为 the artist’s paintings were almst lifelike，由此可知设空处在从句中充当定语，故填 whse。
3.which/that考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知此处应填入定语从句的引导词，结合语境“于1759年开放”可知设空处修饰前面的 the British Museum，且在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词 which/that。
4.whse考查定语从句。句意：罗温博土的秘书两周前辞职了，他不得不自己做所有的打字工作。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Dr. Rwan。把先行词代入定语从句后为Dr. Rwan's secretary resigned tw weeks ag，由此可知设空处充当定语修饰 secretary，故填 whse。
5. which设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the pet shp，从句中缺宾语，故填 which。
6.wh/that先行词是 their masters，指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，故填wh。
7.that/which分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为 a piece f clth，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填关系代词that/which。
8.wh分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，其先行词为 thse，且指人，设空处在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词wh引导定语从句。
9.when句意：我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为 an age，设空处在定语从句中充当时间状语，故用关系副词when。
10.where句意：他们的孩子处于能说单个单词但不能说完整句子的阶段。stage意为“阶段”，在此处表示抽象的地点概念，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词stage，并在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。
11.that/which分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句的关系代词，设空处在定语从句中作主语，其先行词是study，故填that或 which。
12.that/which定语从句的先行词为 prgram，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用that或者 which。
13.wh/that先行词为 westerners，指人，且在从句中作主语，故用wh/that引导定语从句。
14.which句意：她和她的家人都骑自行车上班，这有助于他们保持健康。此处引导非限制性定语从句，应用 which指代前面整个主句。
15. whse句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了，大学期间我和她妹妹共住一个房间。定语从句中缺定语指人，因此填 whse。
16. where句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其他国家处在同一起跑线上的领域。where引导定语从句，代替先行词area，在从句中作地点状语。
17. whse句意：1963年，联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，它的目标之一是缓解全球范围的饥荒。定语从句的先行词是 the wrld Fd Prgramme，与purpses是所属关系，故填 whse。
18. whse句意：我最大的儿子现在在纽约，他的工作让他走遍世界各地。本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 My eldest sn，在定语从句中作名词wrk的定语，故要用 whse。
19.that/which句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题有可能成为伟大发明的灵感。根据句子结构可知，先行词 prblems在定语从句中作met的宾语，指代事物，故用that或 which。
20.which此处 which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面整个主句的内容。
21.wh分析句子结构可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Sarah，指人，故用关系代词wh。
22.where分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the garden，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词 where。
23. whse句意：我隔壁住着一对夫妻，他们的孩子经常制造很多噪音。设空处引导定语从句，先行词cuple在定语从句中作定语，故填关系代词 whse。
24.whm句意：很多年轻人都到偏远地区去追逐自己的梦想，他们中的大多数都受过良好的教育。先行词为 Many yung peple，在从句中作f的宾语并且指人，故填关系代词whm。
25.when句意：我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周那时候天气可能会更好。先行词是 next week，在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
26. which句意：关于人类为什么哭出眼泪科学家提出了许多理论，但没有一项理论得到过证明。先行词为 theries，故用 which引导非限制性定语从句。
27.when此处表示当时“我”是第一个西方的电视记者，分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词为 the mid-1980s，故填when、
28. wh wh lived frm rughly 551 t 479 B.C.E wh引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰 Cnfucius。wh在定语从句中作主语。
29. which句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依靠的基本技能。先行词为ski，关系词 which代替ski并在从句中作介词upn的宾语，故用关系代词 which。关系代词
所修饰的先行词
在从句中所作的成分
wh
人
主语、宾语
whm
人
宾语
which
物或事
主语、宾语、定语
that
人或物
主语、宾语、表语
as
人、物或事
主语、宾语
whse
人或物
定语
关系副词
所修饰的先行词
在从句中所作的成分
when
时间名词
时间状语
where
地点名词
地点状语
why
原因名词
原因状语