英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters复习练习题

这是一份英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters复习练习题，共8页。试卷主要包含了根据汉语提示拼写单词，单句语法填空，短语填空，语篇语法填空，完成句子等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（总分50分；时间30分钟）
一、根据汉语提示拼写单词 （每题1分， 共10分）
1. The electricity （供应）had been cut ff.
2. Grace （轻敲）n the bedrm dr and went in.
3. The sldiers are trained t jump frm the planes with full （成套装备）n.
4. The lcals were encuraged t _______（使陷入圈套） and kill mice t stp the spread f the virus.
5. Yur letter gt __________ （掩埋） under a pile f papers.
6. The air was s cld that we culd hardly _________ （呼吸）.
7. Many excellent Chinese architects are making great __________（努力） t take the center stage.
8. Lcal peple are questining the __________（智慧） f spending s much mney n a new rad.
9. It is usually easier t pick ut the meaning f a phrase in a given _________（上下文）.
10. Sme emplyers were __________（遭受） frm a desperate shrtage f schl-leavers.
二、单句语法填空 （每题1分， 共10分）
1. Climate change culd have __________（disaster）effects n the Earth.
2. The place was recently visited by a serius __________ （vlcan）eruptin.
3. The sailrs were rescued __________ the sea by a helicpter.
4. A child’s behavir can __________ （affect）by his hme envirnment.
5. She is able t slide __________ a rm withut anyne nticing.
6. Water pllutin did great damage __________ the crps.
7. The square lks mre beautiful all the lights n.
8. Rescue wrkers are rescuing the (injure) in the earthquake.
9. The nly __________ （survive） f the car crash was rushed t hspital.
10. With the gvernment’s aid, thse (affect) by the earthquake have mved t the new settlements.
三、短语填空 （每题1分， 共10分）
1. __________________ peple ging t the cinema seems t decrease steadily.
2. My Fair Lady is a successful film which ____________ Gerge Bernard Shaw’s classic Pygmalin.
3. The first Thanksgiving was celebrated ____________________ fr survival.
4. Thugh surprised t meet her manager at the party, she ____________________.
5. At the last mment, a shrt man appeared ____________________ t win the race.
6. The plane gt ut f cntrl and ____________________ the sea.
7. He asked us t assist him t ____________________ his plan.
8. The village ____________________ when the dam burst.
9. Ordered ver a week ag, the bks ____________________ arrive any time nw.
10. We ____________________ his devtin t wrk.
四、语篇语法填空（每题1分， 共10分）
As an ld saying ges, “Friends are like wine; the lder, the better.” Because f that, nwadays many peple think ld friends t be 1 (imprtant) than new nes.
Fr example, if tw pieces f advice 2 ( give) t slve a prblem, ne frm a new friend and the ther frm an ld friend, peple always tend t chse the latter ne, althugh the new friend’s advice may be better.
I, hwever, 3 (agree) with the ld saying, believing that new friends are nt 4 (necessary) wrse than ld friends. Why? Because the 5 (lng) f time cannt tell whether yur friendship is better r nt.
Once yu call smene yur friend, he must be a persn 6 is reliable and whse interests are in cmmn with 7 (yu). Maybe a friend’s utside lk 8 (change) all the time, but the inside characters f him and his interests wn’t change at all. It is just these unchangeable characters and interests 9 make him a friend f yu. 10 , n this pint, there is n difference between ld friends and new nes.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
五、完成句子（每题2分， 共10分）
1.他说只要他们不违反规则，他仍然会支持他们。
He said he wuld still supprt them, they didn’t break the rules.
2.从前的夏天，我们经常泛舟湖上。
We n the lake in summer.
3.爷爷坐在沙发上，高兴地给孩子们讲着故事。
Grandfather sat in the sfa, happily.
4.这是我曾看过的第一部美国电影。
This is the first American film .
5.你认识我们在学校里遇见的那个老师吗? （定语从句）
___________________________________________________________
单元素养检测卷 Unit4 Natural Disasters
（总分100分；时间90分钟）
一、阅读理解
（2023年新高考I卷）
A
When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A ditry stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
4. What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was fnd f traveling.B. He enjyed being alne.
C. He had an inquiring mind.D. He lnged t be a dctr.
5. Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A. T feed the animals.B. T build an ecsystem.
C. T prtect the plants.D. T test the ec-machine.
6. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A. T review Jhn’s research plans.B. T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C. T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.D. T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
7. What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A. Nature can repair itself.B. Organisms need water t survive.
C. Life n Earth is diverse.D. Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
B
【江苏省新高考基地学校2022-2023学年高三下学期大联考3月月考英语试题】
After decades f argument, psychlgists have apparently agreed that arranging ne’s features int the shape f a smile helps brighten the md. In ther wrds, if yu want t feel a little happier, try lking a little happier first.
The idea has a rcky histry, thugh. T settle the matter nce and fr all, Nichlas Cles, a research scientist at Stanfrd University, rganised the Many Smiles Cllabratin t cnduct an experiment that advcates, critics and thse n the fence culd all agree.
The psychlgists recruited (招募) nearly 4,000 peple frm 19 cuntries and divided them int three grups. The first adpted the pen-in-muth methd t activate facial muscles fr smiling. The secnd imitated the facial expressins f smiling actrs. The third was tld t mve the crners f their lips twards their ears and raise their cheeks, using nly the muscles in their face.
The vlunteers then rated their happiness as they pulled the faces, wre neutral expressins, and lked at a blank screens r images f puppies, kittens, flwers and firewrks. Accrding t a reprt in Nature Human Behaviur, the pen-in-muth methd did little fr emtins — perhaps because peple had t bite their teeth tgether. But the ther tw appraches bsted happiness, thugh the effect was small.
“Sme peple believe that emtinal experience is very cgnitive — that’s it’s driven by ur evaluatins f what’s ging n in the wrld. This wrk, hwever, suggests that it’s als physilgical,” said Cles. “Emtinal experience appears t be built, in part, ff f feedback r sensatins frm the nervus system. The accelerated heart can make peple feel anxius and the stretch f a smile can make them feel happy,” he added.
Dr Magdalena Rychlwska, wh wrks n facial expressins, emtins and culture at Queen’s University, Belfast, said such studies were “tremendusly beneficial” fr psychlgy. “As a researcher wrking n hw facial mvements influence ur feelings, I am delighted t see that an independent study fund supprt fr the facial feedback assumptin,” she said.
8. What des the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Peple are divided n the idea.B. Peple refuse t accept the idea.
C. The idea gains ppularity quickly.D. The idea has std the test f time.
9. On what basis did the psychlgists get their finding?
A. Hw the vlunteers felt.B. Hw the vlunteers acted.
C. Hw the vlunteers lked.D. Hw the vlunteers thught.
10. Why des Cles make these remarks in paragraph 5?
A. T praise his research wrk.B. T state his research finding.
C. T put frward a new prject.D. T criticize the mistaken belief.
11. What des Rychlwska talk abut cncerning the research finding?
A. Its independence.B. Its practical applicatin.
C. Its significance.D. Its appeal t the public.
二、七选五
【广东省华附、省实、广雅、深中四校2022-2023学年高三大联考英语试题】
Peple refer t never frgetting hw t ride a bike r thrw a baseball as examples f “muscle memry”, the result f a mtr learning. ____16____ It is a phenmenn that previusly trained muscles acquire strength after a perid f disuse.
Previus research has shwn that the changes actually persist in the muscles themselves. In ne study f mice, the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells multiply in respnse t an verlad f training, thse extra nuclei aren’t lst during subsequent perids f inactivity. Once yu have gt additinal nuclei, yu are banking the capacity. ____17____
In fact, a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks f retraining were needed t reach the pst-training level. But hw quickly yu regain yur frmer fitness depends n hw fit yu were initially, hw lng the layff was, hw ld yu are and hw lng yu’d been exercising.
____18____ It means yu still have a distinct advantage when it cmes t regaining yur frmer level f fitness. And the principle applies t bth resistance training and endurance training. The best way t regain yur muscle memry is t start at a level belw what yu were accustmed t ding, and then gradually increase in terms f duratin, frequency, then intensity. ____19____
Ultimately, muscle memry is a payff fr all the past wrk yu put int learning a sprt. ____20____ Yu will never knw hw much muscle memry yu may have until yu start training again.
A. The best way t tap int it is t “get back n the hrse”.
B. Physilgists, n the ther hand, define it in a different way.
C. This cnvinces the researchers that muscle memry may nt be lng lasting.
D. That is t say, we can d the sprts autmatically withut cnscius thught.
E. It is generally safe t increase these elements by 5 percent every week r tw.
F. It is evident that the mre yu exercise, the mre muscle memry savings yu will have.
G. All this news abut muscle memry is encuraging fr thse wh fell ff the fitness scheme.
三、完形填空
【2023年4月湘豫名校联考高三下学期第二次模拟考试试题】
On Christmas f 2017, I was brn again. We like t spend ur Christmas hlidays smewhere warm abrad, and that year we____21____Uganda. Nature, wildlife, and sunny days were a____22____when it was s____23____and dark in Eurpe. Life was beautiful, and we had a rental car and a busy schedule ahead t explre the cuntry.
This is where this shrt travel stry turns int ne f my mst____24____travel experiences. At Murchinsn Falls Natinal Park, we had a car accident. I lst ____25____f the car, and it rlled ver, destrying windws, chassis(底盘),and the engine. But we were alive! My right arm was____26____injured, but we____27____t walk t ur ldge(旅馆), nt far inside the____28____. In the ldge, I was____29____t learn that there was a pretty decent American hspital in Masindi that was just a ne-hur drive away. Mrever, ne f the ldge’s guests was a nurse wh_____30_____the wund while we were waiting fr the taxi. The hspital tk care f us and after a cuple f injectins and stitches(缝合), I was_____31_____t head t ur new htel in Masindi; hwever, my wund required daily_____32_____and mre injectins, s we were_____33_____t stay in twn fr a few days.
The twn’s highlights were the market and ur_____34_____visit t the hspital, s we_____35_____lking fr the small things,_____36_____with the medical staff and the peple in the market, and learning mre abut their custms.
We learned t slw dwn. When we were allwed t_____37_____, we tk a rad trip thrugh the cuntry t see smething else. We did nt care abut ur travel bucket_____38_____anymre - we were_____39_____, and we wanted t enjy Uganda’s unique nature and its peple. In the end, ur Uganda trip was nt abut the places that we saw, but the peple that we met. It was travel fr_____40_____VS sightseeing.
21. A. recmmendedB. chseC. predictedD. infrmed
22. A. blessingB. barrierC. limitatinD. balance
23. A. cmplicatedB. mysteriusC. crwdedD. cld
24. A. dubtfulB. wnderfulC. scaryD. imaginary
25. A. senseB. sightC. cntrlD. directin
26. A. severelyB. permanentlyC. partlyD. deliberately
27. A. discveredB. failedC. cntinuedD. managed
28. A. sptB. accidentC. cuntryD. park
29. A. curiusB. happyC. shckedD. creative
30. A. cleanedB. curedC. sweptD. repaired
31. A. frtunateB. gratefulC. readyD. relieved
32. A. peratinB. dressingC. pressureD. recvery
33. A. askedB. frbiddenC. permittedD. taught
34. A. ccasinalB. dailyC. riskyD. awful
35. A. put ffB. carried nC. insisted nD. ended up
36. A. chattingB. arguingC. bargainingD. meeting
37. A. exerciseB. wanderC. leaveD. escape
38. A. guideB. listC. apprachD. memry
39. A. awakeB. sensitiveC. allergicD. alive
40. A. experimentB. explanatinC. experienceD. reflectin
四、语法填空
（2023年新高考I卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xia lng ba (sup dumplings), thse amazing cnstructins f delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing ht, ____36____ (taste) sup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favrite Chinese street fd. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerusly ht. T eat ne, yu have t decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring canal twn f Nanxiang as Xia lng ha’s birthplace. There yu will find them prepared differently- mre dumpling and less sup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rlled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them ____41____ (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f ____42____ (they) cntents. The meat shuld be fresh with ____43____ tuch f sweetness and the sup ht, clear and delicius.
N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is ____44____ (rare) enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left _____45_____ (want) mre next time.
五、读后续写
【江苏省新高考基地学校2022-2023学年高三下学期大联考3月月考英语试题】
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had always enjyed living in my flat n the tp flr f a Victrian building in Wimbledn. Being s high up made me feel safe and secure, and I enjyed wnderful views acrss the tree tps. I had never expected that I wuld experience a fire in the flat.
One night I went t sleep as usual after setting my alarm clck fr 7 am and switching ff the bedside light. A few hurs later, I wke up puzzled. I culd smell smke and I culd see that the bedrm was extremely dark. Then I realized the rm was s dark because it was filled with smke. I immediately left my bed and std by the dr. I was in panic. I was als cnvinced that I had smehw caused the fire withut knwing it. I thught, “What will my neighbrs think? I must get rid f the smke befre it gets int their flats.”
I managed t make my way t the curtains and tried t draw them pen. This simple everyday act prved quite beynd me. When I finally pened the windw, I saw all my neighbrs standing n the lawn belw, tightly wrapped up in their dressing gwns against the December cld. Then I realized it wasn’t me that had caused the fire. It was smene else.
Even thugh I had taken many fire awareness curses at wrk, I frgt everything I’d ever been taught at that time. My ne instinct was t flee dwn the stairs.
“There’s a fire! Stay by the windw!” smene shuted belw the building. And that man’s wrds f warning stpped me and helped save my life. If I had pened my frnt dr at the tp f the stairwell t escape, the flames raging belw wuld have been drawn upwards by the rush f xygen and wuld have swept ver me in an instant. I knew I shuld g t the kitchen and wait fr help by the windw there. I knew the firemen wuld save me using a ladder.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
S I went t the kitchen.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, the firemen arrived.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
sweep away, crash int, the number f, be affected by, be expected t,
, keep calm, carry ut, ut f gratitude, ut f nwhere