高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters图片ppt课件

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters图片ppt课件，共41页。PPT课件主要包含了shock，shock n，shock 语义网络， trap n，vt trap，困住动物的陷阱，困住人的陷阱，effort，effort词源解读，suffer等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本单元词汇梳理1. crack：拟声词，模仿破裂的声音 2. ruin：词块：in ruins3. percent：英式per cent；拓展percentage4. shck：一词多义：基本义“冲击”；休克是音译 词块：in shck 派生词：shcked, shcking (分词形容词)5. electricity：词块：cut ff electricity, make / prduce / generate electricity, turn n / ff electricity 词族：electric, electrical, electrically, electrician, electricity6. trap：基本义：陷阱；隐喻：具体的“陷阱”到抽象的“圈套” 词块：be trapped in
7. bury：基本义：埋；词块：bury neself in8. breathe：词块：breathe in / ut 词族：breathe, breathing, breath, breathless 9. revive：re- (again 再) + vive (t live 活) → 复活 revive — revival10. effrt：① 英语释义 ② 词块：make an effrt t d sth, spare n effrt t d sth, time and effrt, be wrth the effrt11. unify： uni- (ne 一) + -fy (t make 使) → 使成一体 (统一)12. wisdm：wise + -dm (联系freedm)13. cntext：cn- (with, tgether 一起，共同) + text (t weave 编织) → 共同编织在一起的 → 上下文
14. suffer： suf- (up, under 由下向上) + -fer (t carry, bear 承担、 承载) → 承受；遭受 词块：suffer frm；派生词：suffering15. vlcan：派生词：vlcanic16. erupt：派生词：eruptin17. supply：词块：schl / medical supplies, supply and demand, the electricity supply, supply sth t sb / supply sb with sth 18. survive：sur- (ver, beynd 超过) + vive (t live 活) → 比……活得长 （基本义） 同根词：vivid, revive, vital, vitamin 词族：survive, survival, survivr
下面这些音译词你都知道吗？guitar 吉他 Cla 可乐 chclate 巧克力party 派对 salad 沙拉 shark 鲨鱼 ballet 芭蕾舞 marathn 马拉松 cl 酷的
有些英语词汇，汉语中没有与之对应的词，翻译时会借用中文谐音来翻译，这一类词被称之为“音译词”。音译词的翻译不仅表意精确，同时也准确地还原了英文的发音。shck也被翻译成了“休克”。
 [C] & [U] (爆炸、地震等引起的) 剧烈震动；冲击：the shck waveThe shck f the earthquake was felt miles away.  [C] 电击；触电 (electric shck)：Dn’t tuch that wire r yu’ll get a shck.  [U] & [C] [常用单数](精神上的) 震惊；打击；令人震惊的事 a strng feeling f surprise：Mm hasn’t gtten ver the shck f Dad’s death.It came as a shck t hear that the factry wuld have t clse.
 [U] 休克：She was taken t hspital suffering frm shck.
小贴士医学中，“休克”由英语“shck”音译而来，用以表示人体受伤后的一种危重状态。
shck vt（名词动化）使震惊；使气愤 t make sb feel very surprised and upset: The news f the schl shting shcked the wrld.
culture shck 文化冲击
词汇拓展► shcked adj 震惊的；愤慨的 feeling very surprised and upset：a shcked lk / expressin They were deeply shcked at / by her behaviur. ► shcking adj 令人震惊的；令人憎恶的 very surprising, upsetting, and difficult t believe：shcking news
小贴士：shcked和shcking是动词shck的分词形容词，表示感受，注意二者的区别。
物体对物体的冲击shck基本义
(医学领域) 机体受到有害因素的冲击
(爆炸、地震等引起的) 剧烈震动；冲击
(精神上的) 震惊；打击；令人震惊的事
《生活大爆炸》中Sheldn多次引用“It’s a trap!”，模仿《星球大战》中的阿克巴上将。
《星球大战6 (绝地归来)》中，阿克巴上将在一次战役归来时发现自己中了帝国伏击舰队的圈套，说出了 “It’s a trap! (这是个陷阱)”。阿克巴上将这句略带喜感的台词后来成为了经典，被广大《星球大战》的粉丝所熟知。
trap n
 (捕鸟兽) 陷阱；夹子；罗网：set / lay / place a trap fr mice  (陷害人的) 圈套；诡计：fall int / get ut f a trap 牢笼；困境：Sme peple feel that marriage is a trap.
 设陷阱捕捉；夹住；卡住：I trapped my cat in the car dr.Were yu just trying t trap her int making sme admissin? 把……困住；使陷入困境：Having been trapped in traffic, he was late fr wrk.  留存；储存 (气体 / 水等)：Because f the greenhuse effect the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmsphere.
困住人的困境 / 状态
(捕鸟兽的) 陷阱；夹子；罗网
(陷害人的) 圈套；诡计
留存；储存(气体/水等)
设陷阱捕捉；夹住；卡住
把……困住；使陷入困境
I might say that success is wn by three things: first, effrt; secnd, mre effrt; third, still mre effrt. — Thmas Hardy可以说成功之道唯三点：努力，努力，再努力！ ——托马斯·哈代
托马斯·哈代 (Thmas Hardy，1840 — 1928) ，英国诗人、小说家。哈代早期和中期的创作以小说为主，继承和发扬了维多利亚时代的文学传统。代表作品有小说《德伯家的苔丝》(Tess f the D’Urbervilles)、《无名的裘德》(Jude the Obscure) 等。晚年以其诗歌开拓了英国20世纪的文学。
effrt由前缀ex- “ut” + 词根 frtis “strng”构成，和frce是同根词，意为 “frce, strength, pwer”，即“力量”。
 [U] & [C] 气力；精力 the physical and mental energy that’s needed t d sth：She puts her time and effrt int her businesses, and int helping thers.Visit the museum when yu’re there. It’s well wrth the effrt.With (an) effrt she managed t stp herself laughing.
 [C] 努力；尽力 an attempt t d sth that’s difficult：Greg has gne n a diet in an effrt t lse sme weight.What’s the pint f helping him if he desn’t make an effrt t help himself?Let’s start right nw and spare n effrt t d a little bit every minute! [C] [常用于名词后] 有组织的活动：the internatinal relief / rescue effrt
= try hard t
词汇拓展► effrtless adj 不需费力的【词族】effrt, effrtless, effrtlessly
活着就要经受痛苦；而生存是为了在痛苦中寻找意义。 ——尼采
弗里德里希·威廉·尼采 (Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche，1844 — 1900) ，德国哲学家、语言学家、文化评论家、诗人、作曲家、思想家。主要著作有《权力意志》(Will t Pwer)、《悲剧的诞生》(The Birth f Tragedy)、《查拉图斯特拉如是说》(Thus Spke Zarathustra)等。尼采被认为是西方现代哲学的开创者，他的著作对于宗教、道德、现代文化、哲学、以及科学等领域提出了广泛的批判和讨论。他的写作风格独特，经常使用格言和悖论的技巧。尼采对于后代哲学的发展影响很大，尤其是在存在主义与后现代主义上。
 vi & vt 患 (病)；(因疾病) 受苦 t experience physical r mental pain：suffer (frm) a heart attackI’m suffering frm a bad back.  vi & vt 遭受 (困难等) t experience and be badly affected by sth：suffer (frm) defeat / lssYu will suffer ne day fr yur carelessness. As a yung man he suffered a lt frm pverty. vi 变差；变糟 t becme wrse：His schl wrk is suffering because f family prblems.
suffer由suf- (由下向上) 和词根-fer (承担) 构成。词源义是“遭受 (t tlerate)”。
suffer语义网络图
患 (病)；(因疾病) 受苦
supply n [C] 供应量；补给量：There was a plentiful supply f cheap labur.Water is in shrt supply.  ［复数］生活必需品；补给品：schl / medical / relief supplies  [U] 供应；供给：supply and demand cut ff the electricity supply vt 供给；供应；提供：supply sth t sb / supply sb with sth:The media supplies lts f infrmatin t us every day.
辨析prvide, ffer, supply三者都有“供给、提供”的意思，但用法不同。prvide 指有远见，为应付意外、紧急情况等作好充分准备而“供给、提供”，常用prvide sth fr sb或prvide sb with sth结构。 The Red Crss prvides fd and shelter fr disaster victims. The prject is designed t prvide yung peple with wrk. ffer 侧重表示“愿意给予”，常用ffer sb sth或ffer t d sth结构。 She ffered me a reward fr the return f her lst mbile phne. He ffered t g instead f me. supply 通常指定期“供应”，强调替代或补充所需物品，常用supply sb with sth或supply sth t sb结构。 The butcher supplies us with meat.
《我不是药神》（英文译名Dying t survive）是由文牧野执导，宁浩、徐峥共同监制的剧情片。该片于2018年7月5日在中国上映。影片讲述了徐峥扮演的程勇从一个交不起房租的小商贩，一跃成为印度仿制药“格列宁”独家代理商的故事。电影展现了一群人为了生存下去而苦苦挣扎。影片有笑有泪，还有思考。在生活小细节的层层推进下，导演将小人物的日常平凡、卑微、无甚波澜的生活带到了更为深远的一步。
survive是由前缀“sur-” +词根“vive（源于词根viv）”构成。其中sur-是“在……上；超过……”(ver, beynd) 的意思，viv是“活；生命”(live) 的意思，所以survive表达“生命超越了……（比事故中其他遇难者活得时间长）”，其常见义为“幸存”。与survive同根的词有revive, vitamin, vivid等。
 vt 比……活得长：She survived her husband by ten years.  vi & vt 幸存 (于)：He survived the earthquake. 注：不能说He survived frm / after / in the earthquake. vi & vt 挺过；熬过：Hw d yu survive n such a lw salary? vi 保存下来：Sme ld custms have survived int the present.
survive v
survive 语义网络图
在灾难中活得长(具体）
在困境中活得长（抽象）
物品或者风俗活得长（具体）
比……活得长（基本义）
► survivr n [C] 幸存者► survival n [U] 幸存；继续生存： the survival f the fittest  [C] 幸存物；残存物：The ceremny is a survival frm pre-Christian times.
《泰坦尼克号》这部电影讲述了泰坦尼克号这艘豪华游轮在航行时由于撞上了冰山而沉没，男主杰克（Jack）为了救女主露丝（Rse）而冻死在冰冷的海水中的故事。
在泰坦尼克号缓缓下沉时，杰克带着露丝跑到船尾，爬上栏杆坚持到泰坦尼克号沉没。最后杰克将露丝推上一块漂浮木板。
露丝要比杰克活得长。Rse survived Jack.
露丝在这次沉船事故中幸存下来。Rse survived the accident.
杰克为了露丝能够存活下来，不断地鼓励她，而自己却冻死在寒冷的海水里。
多年后寻宝探险家布洛克从沉船上打捞起一个锈迹斑斑的保险柜。
露丝在冰冷的海上挺了过来最终获救。Rse survived the frzen sea and was rescued in the end.
他发现里面有一幅素描画留存至今。He fund that a drawing had survived int the present.
这幅素描由杰克为露丝所画。
survive拓展视频：
一、写出下列句子中shck的汉语释义。1. It was such a shck when they annunced the winner was Cart. ____________2. The shck wave was felt even in my plane, several miles away frm the harbr.____________二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. They will get ____________ shck when they get this bill.2. The parents were ____________ (shck) by the news that their sn needed an peratin n his knee. (2013 重庆) 3. The ____________ (shck) news made me realize what terrible prblems we wuld face. (2011 北京)
震惊
冲击波
一、根据句意选出trap的最佳释义。a. (捕捉鸟兽的) 陷阱；夹子；罗网 b. (陷害人的) 圈套；诡计c. 牢笼；困境 _______ 1. She set a trap fr him and he had walked straight int it._______ 2. The nly way t catch mice is t set a trap._______ 3. I’ll describe sme situatins that cmmnly arise between teenagers and parents and then suggest sme ways ut f the trap. (2010 湖北改)
二、根据句意写出下列句子中trap的汉语释义。1. She felt trapped in her rle f wife and mther. __________2. The cnsequences culd be serius if we dn’t keep reducing emissins (排放) f CO2 and ther greenhuse gases that are trapping heat in ur atmsphere. (2009 福建改) __________3. I was trapped int signing my name. _________________
使中计 / 使陷入圈套
一、根据所给汉语，用带有effrt的词块完成下列句子。1. Kim is ______________________________ (努力减肥).2. The lcal clubs are _____________________________ (尽一切努力使……感兴趣) mre yung peple.3. Parents arrange everything fr their children and ______________________ (不遗余力) t pave (铺) the way fr their success. (2013 福建)4. Visit the museum when yu’re there. It’s __________________________ (很值得一游 ). 二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。我努力在紧急情况下保持镇静。(make an effrt) ____________________________________________________________
I made an effrt t keep calm in an emergency.
well wrth the effrt
spare n effrt
making an effrt t lse weight
making every effrt t interest
一、根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。1. His grades suffer during sccer seasn. _____________2. When I was just 20 mnths ld, I suffered serius burns after a bwl full f ht il fell n my head. (2013 四川) _____________3. Studies shw that peple are mre likely t suffer frm back prblems if they always sit befre cmputer screens fr lng hurs. (2010 陕西) _____________
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。1. ________________________________________ (无论我遭受什么失败) in my life, an irned shirt tells me I am gd at smething. (2014 湖南)2. Althugh Rsemary had __________________________________ (身患重疾) fr years, she lst nne f her enthusiasm (热情) fr life. (2013 陕西)3. Music is an imprtant way we express _________________ (人类的苦难), celebratin, the meaning and value f peace and lve. (2009 北京)
Whatever / N matter what failures I suffer
suffered (frm) a serius illness / disease
human suffering
根据汉语提示完成句子。1. _____________ (食品补给) in the fld-stricken area are running ut. We must act immediately befre there’s nne left. (2012 重庆)2. The Help Desk ___________________ (为……提供服务) yu all the year rund! (2008 湖南)3. She survived because f ____________________ (充足的供应) f fresh water. (2015 陕西)4. Water is _______________ (供应短缺), pllutin is wrsening, and there is n affrdable husing left fr them t buy. (2014 陕西)
Fd supplies
supplies service t
a plentiful supply
in shrt supply
一、写出下列句子中survive的汉语释义。__________ 1. After cuntless interviews and presentatins, I managed t stand ut amng the candidates and survive the test alne. (2014 广东阅读)__________ 2. Only ne cpy f the bk still survives.__________ 3. Life is hard at the mment, but we’re surviving.
挺过来；熬过来；艰难度过
二、用survive的适当形式完成下列句子。Fr a sudden heart failure, the single best chance fr ________________ is having smene nearby step in and d CPR (心肺复苏) quickly. (2017 北京阅读)2. Officials said he was the nly ________________ f the plane crash.3. He is the nly man wh ________________ after the explsin (爆炸).三、根据所给提示，用survive完成句子。1. The frnt passengers were lucky t __________________________ (在车祸中幸免于难).2. Having __________________________ (熬过那一夜), we were cnfident that everything else wuld be all right. (2014 湖北完形)
survival / surviving
survive the car accident
survived that night