2022年高考英语一轮随堂限时备考练习2阅读理解5新人教版

这是一份2022年高考英语一轮随堂限时备考练习2阅读理解5新人教版，共6页。试卷主要包含了解题策略等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1．常见把握作者态度及写作意图题的设题方式
(1)Hw des the authr feel abut his childhd?
(2)Why des the authr write this passage?
(3)What is the purpse f the text?
(4)The writer’s attitude
(5)The authr implied (suggested) that________.
(6)With which f the fllwing des the authr agree?
(7)Hw des the authr seem t feel
2．解题策略
作者态度及写作意图推断类试题主要考查考生根据文章内容推测作者的写作意图和情感倾向的能力。考生要想推断作者的写作意图,就应当关注主题句,全面理解文章的内容及中心思想,同时注意把握文章的体裁。作者的情感倾向往往隐含在文章的字里行间,或流露于修饰性的词语之中,因此,考生在推断过程中,应特别注意文中作者的措辞和描写环境气氛的语言以及表达作者情感、态度或观点的词语。做题时,考生可以结合相关背景知识进行推理。
1
Cyberspace,data superhighway,multimedia,fr thse wh have seen the future,and the linking f cmputers,televisins and telephnes will change ur lives fr ever.Yet fr all the talks f a frthcming technlgical utpia,little attentin has been given t the implicatins f these develpments fr the pr.As fr all the new high technlgy,the West cncerns itself with the “hw”,while the questin f “fr whm” is put aside nce again.
Ecnmists are nly nw realizing the full extent t which the cmmunicatin revlutin has affected the wrld ecnmy.Infrmatin technlgy allws the extensin f trade acrss gegraphical and industrial bundaries,and transnatinal crpratins take full advantage f it.Terms f trade and exchange,interest rates and mney mvements are mre imprtant than the prductin f gds.The electrnic ecnmy made by infrmatin technlgy allws the haves t increase their cntrl n glbal markets—with a destructive impact n the have­nts.
Fr them the result is unstable.Develping cuntries which rely n the prductin f a small range f gds fr exprt are made t feel like small parts in the internatinal ecnmic machine.As “futures” are traded n cmputer screens,develping cuntries simply have less and less cntrl f their destinies.
S what are the ptins f regaining cntrl？One alternative fr develping cuntries is t buy in the latest cmputers and telecmmunicatins.Yet this leads t lng­term dependency and perhaps permanent cnstraints n develping cuntries’ ecnmies.
Cmmunicatin technlgy is generally exprted frm the US,Eurpe r Japan；the patents,skills and ability remain in the hands f a few industrialized cuntries.It is als expensive,therefre imprted prducts and services must be bught n credit usually prvided by the very cuntries whse cmpanies stand t gain.
Frm the passage we knw that the develpment f high technlgy is in the interests f________.
A．the rich cuntries B．scientific develpment
C．the lcal elitesD．the wrld ecnmy
答案 A
解析 考查推理判断。文章第一段最后一句指出,西方国家关心的是自己“如何”利用
这些新技术,而这些新技术“为谁”的问题再一次被抛到了一边；第二段最后一句则说,
电子经济让拥有这项技术的国家加强了对全球市场的控制,而对没有这一技术的国家产
生了破坏性的影响。因此可以推断出这些技术代表的是西方发达国家的利益。
2．It can be inferred frm the passage that________.
A．internatinal trade shuld be expanded
B．the interests f the pr cuntries have nt been given enugh cnsideratin
C．the exprts f the pr cuntries shuld be increased
D．cmmunicatin technlgy in develping cuntries shuld be mdernized
答案 B
解析 考查推理判断。文章第一段第二句指出“ attentin has been given
pr”,即很少有人注意这些发展对穷人的意义。而由后文的论述可以看出这里的“穷
人”指的就是发展中国家,因此这句话的意思实际上就是这些发展并没有顾及发展中国
家的利益。
3．Why des the authr say that the electrnic ecnmy may have a destructive impact n develping cuntries?
A．Because it enables the develped cuntries t cntrl the internatinal market.
B．Because it destrys the ecnmic balance f the pr cuntries.
C．Because it vilates the natinal bundaries f the pr cuntries.
D．Because it inhibits the industrial grwth f develping cuntries.
答案 A
解析 考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句“ the haves t increase their cntrl
n glbal markets...”以及后文的论述可以看出,这里的“the haves”指的就是西方发达
国家,因此答案为A项。
4．The develpment f mdern cmmunicatin technlgy in develping cuntries may________.
A．hinder their industrial prductin
B．cause them t lse cntrl f their trade
C．frce them t reduce their share f exprts
D．cst them their ecnmic independence
答案 D
解析 考查细节理解。文章第四段最后一句说“Yet this leads t lng­term dependency...
ecnmies (然而这会导致长期的依赖,也许会对发展中国家的经济产生永久性的制
约)”,也就是说会使发展中国家失去经济独立。
5．The authr’s attitude twards the cmmunicatin revlutin is________.
A．psitive B．critical
C．indifferent D．tlerant
答案 B
解析 考查作者态度。本题较为简单,通过文中措辞,如第一段“little attentin
the pr”；第二段“Ecnmists are nly nw realizing...”；第三段“Fr them the result is
unstable.”等不难看出作者对这种代表着发达国家利益、不顾及发展中国家利益的通讯
革命是持批评态度的,故选B；误选C项和D项是由于不理解词义所造成的。
2
(2009·北京,B)
Dear Friend,
The recent success f children’s bks has made the general public aware that there’s a huge market ut there.
And there’s a grwing need fr new writers trained t create the $3 billin wrth f children’s bks bught each year... plus stries and articles needed by ver 650 publishers f magazines fr children and teenagers.
Wh are these needed writers？They’re rdinary flks like yu and me.
But am I gd enugh?
I was nce where yu might be nw.My thughts f writing had been pushed dwn by self­dubt,and I didn’t knw where t turn fr help.
Then,I accepted a free ffer frm the Institute t test my writing aptitude(潜能),and it turned ut t be the inspiratin I needed.
The prmise that paid ff
The Institute made the same prmise t me that they wuld make t yu,if yu shw basic writing ability：
Yu will cmplete at least ne manuscript(手稿) suitable t hand in t a publisher by the time yu finish ur curse.
I really didn’t expect any publicatin befre I finished the curse,but that happened.I sld three stries.And I sn discvered that was nt unusual at the Institute.
Since graduatin,I have authred 34 natinally published children’s bks and ver 300 stries and articles.
Free test and brchure
We ffer a free aptitude test and will send yu a cpy f ur brchure describing ur recgnized hme­study curses n the basis f ne­n­ne training.
Realize yur writing dream tday.There’s nthing sadder than a dream delayed until it fades frever.
Sincerely,
Kristi
Kristi Hll,Instructr
Institute f Children’s Literature
1．Frm the first three paragraphs,we learn that ________.
A．children’s bks are usually best­sellers
B．publishers are making $3 billin each year
C．magazines fr teenagers have drawn public attentin
D．there is a grwing need fr writers f children’s bks
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。前三段主要讲述了少儿图书的畅销和儿童文学院急需儿童作家。
2．When finishing the curse,yu are prmised t ________.
A．be a successful publisher
B．becme a cnfident editr
C．finish ne wrk fr publicatin
D．get ne stry r article published
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由倒数第四段“Yu will cmplete at least ne manuscript suitable
t hand in t a publisher by the time yu finish ur curse.”可知C项正确。
3．Kristi Hll mentins her experience mainly t ________.
A．prve she is a gd instructr
B．prmte the writing prgram
C．give her advice n curse preparatin
D．shw she sld mre stries than articles
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。Kristi Hll以她自己的经历鼓励别人踊跃尝试,来解决急需投稿者
的问题。
3
Cal mine accidents are frequently headline makers in China,ffering a plentiful supply f lng lists f the dead.Befre this,five majr cal mine accidents since January have already claimed lives f 287 cal miners.Once an accident happens,the safety measures are scrutinized,fficials and wners respnsible are punished r warned r fined.But the accidents keep happening time and again.The backgrund f these endless disasters is a cuntry thirsty fr energy t satisfy the appetite f its ecnmic engine.
With the rich reserve (储藏〈量〉) f cal and relatively limited petrleum (石油) reserve,the frmer makes up 67.12 percent f energy cnsumptin.By cntrast,petrleum and natural gas take abut 60 percent f the energy cnsumptin in ther cuntries.
Such a situatin is unlikely t change within a freseeable future because the cuntry still cunts heavily n cal fr mre and mre energy.If n measures with great effects are taken t imprve the safety in the mines,the accidents will remain a lng­term headache fr China.
Digging cal undergrund is,by its nature,a dangerus jb.N equipment can guarantee 100 percent safety fr the miners wrking undergrund because numerus uncertainties exist.
Mst f China’s cal mines are far frm being mechanized.The average utput f cal fr each Chinese cal miner every day is 1 tn,while the number in the US cal mines,where the prductin is highly mechanized,is 40 tns.
Mechanized prductin in cal mines can cut dwn the number f miners wh have t wrk n the dangerus cal face.It can als enhance the capability f the mines t detect ptential danger.In this way the casualty f mine accidents will be decreased.
Admittedly,the mechanized prductin demands financial supprt.
But what is the price f a life,r a dzen,a scre—a hundred？Cmpare these awful figures with the misery they bring,heavy investment is wrthy.
1．The writer’s attitude twards dealing with cal mine accidents is________.
A．critical B．sarcastic
C．ptimistic D．pessimistic
答案 A
解析 作者态度题。第二段中提到,事故发生后,官员和矿主只是被惩罚、警告或罚款,
而事故依然不断发生,由此可见作者对处理煤矿事故的做法持“批评”态度。后三项分
别表示“讽刺的,乐观的,悲观的”。
2．The underlined wrd “scrutinized” mst prbably means________.
A．made B．examined
C．criticized D．discussed
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。事故发生后,自然要对安全措施进行“检查”。
3．Accrding t the writer,the best way t stp cal mine accidents is t________.
A．perfect safety measures
B．use mre natural gas
C．cut dwn the number f miners
D．imprve mechanized prductin
答案 D
解析 作者意图题。文章的第五段提到美国的机械化采煤效率是中国的40倍,再结合
倒数第三段中的内容可知作者认为最好的方法是改善机械生产。
4．The writer implies in the article that________.
A．by imprving mechanized prductin,we can stp cal mine accidents
B．it’s imprper t depend t much n cal fr energy cnsumptin
C．fficials and cal mine wners didn’t take safety measures seriusly
D．lsing lives csts much mre than imprving mechanized prductin
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容可知作者认为人的生命的价值远远高于用于
改善机械生产的费用。