2022年高考英语一轮随堂限时备考练习2阅读理解4新人教版

这是一份2022年高考英语一轮随堂限时备考练习2阅读理解4新人教版，共6页。试卷主要包含了词义猜测题的提问方式，词义猜测题的解题策略等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1．词义猜测题的提问方式
(1)The wrd “...” refers t/prbably means________.
(2)The underlined wrd “...” culd best be replaced by________.
(3)What d yu think the expressin “...” stands fr?
(4)By saying “...” we mean________.
(5)“...” as used in the passage can best be defined as________.
(6)Which f the fllwing wrds can take the place f the wrd “...”？
2．词义猜测题的解题策略
(1)利用“同义关系”猜测词义
①被考查的词汇在文章中往往被同义词、同位语、定语从句等来解释或限定,根据这些词可以很容易猜测词义。
②作者常常会用be,mean,refer t,in ther wrds,that is (t say)等指示性词或词组来对某一词或词组进行解释,那么所给生词和指示词后的含义相同。
③有时候标点符号,如破折号、冒号或括号均可以表示同义关系或解释。
④有时作者也常用such as,like,fr example,fr instance等进一步解释说明前面某一词句或某一现象。通过所举的例子,便可理解生词的含义。
(2)利用上下文的“对比、转折”关系来猜测词义
通过意思相反或对应的两个句子或两部分来判断其中某一部分的意思。这时只要知道其中一部分的含义,则另一部分也就一目了然了。两部分之间常用while,but,hwever,n the cntrary,n the ther hand等来表示转折,根据这样的标志词可准确解释词义。
(3)根据上下文的因果关系理解词义
有什么样的原因就会产生什么样的结果。因果关系是文章中一种很普通的语言表达关系。在这种关系中如果知道了原因,结果也就不难知道了；反之,如果知道了结果,原因也就不难发现。
(4)利用构词法来猜测词义
很多词是通过构词法得来的,考生若掌握了一定的构词法知识,就不难猜出它们的词义。
中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀：
super­(超),inter­(在……之间),­able(能……的),mini­(极少的,微型的),micr­(极微小的),re­(再,反复),sub­(分支的,底下),c­(共同),pst­(后),pre­(前),trans­(通过,转换),under­(在……之下,次于,不足),­hd (状态,性质,时期),­ish (如……的,有点儿……的),­prf (防……的),­scpe (……镜),­ship(身份,资格,权力,性质),­sme (易于……的),­wards (向),mis­(误,恶),un­(不,非),in­(不,非),im­(不,非),dis­(不),nn­(不,非),­less(不,无),anti­(反,防),Sin­(中国)
1
Frmer British Prime Minister Tny Blair admitted n a televisin prgramme that he had never sent flwers t his wife Cherie and that Hllywd beauty Grace Kelly was his dream lver.
Blair,wh allwed Channel 4 interviewer June Sarpng t shadw him fr tw days last mnth,made ther persnal revelatins when asked questins he rarely hears n the usual televisin plitical prgrams.
During the interview fr a prgram targeting 18—30 year lds,the prime minister admitted that he smetimes had t “wing it” when making public appearances and that he wanted t g ut fr a drink withut being recgnized.
Hwever,the mst dramatic revelatin was his reply t Sarpng’s questin whether he still sends his wife flwers.“I’ve never sent her flwers.If I sent her flwers,she wuld get wrried,”Blair said.But he added,“I am rmantic.There are ther ways f being rmantic.”
Blair needed a few mments t recall what psters he had n his bedrm wall as a yungster,and then revealed,“I’ll tell ,when I was yung,I lved Grace Kelly.”
Blair admitted that he initially fund it “dd” t be prime minister and t be rushed in mtrcades frm appintment t appintment,and wrried that his lifestyle left him “a bit islated” frm rdinary peple.
He admitted that he was cnstantly n the phne between public appearances,and rarely had time t prepare fr his next event,telling Sarpng,“I wing it all the time.”
Asked what he wuld d if he culd be invisible fr a day,Blair said he wuld “just walk dwn the street and g t the be abslutely nrmal.”
1．What des the underlined wrd “shadw” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．fllw and interview B．shade
C．stay with D．keep away frm
答案 A
解析 根据第二段内容可知,Sarpng是第四频道的主持人,然后根据后面的内容可知,
Sarpng对Blair进行了采访。由此可知,A项符合题意,即跟随Blair并对他进行采访；
C项最具有迷惑性,但是它没有突出interview,因此不恰当。
2．What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 7 mean?
A．Blair didn’t take his public appearances seriusly.
B．Blair didn’t knw what t say befre the public.
C．Blair ften had t d r talked abut smething withut preparatin.
D．Blair wanted t get away frm the public.
答案 C
解析 本题是根据上下文的因果关系猜测词义。由第七段可知,Blair在公共场合露面
的间隙总是不停地在接打电话,几乎没有时间来准备他的下一个活动,所以只能是“随
机应变,即兴表演”了。因此,只有C项符合题意,即在没有准备的情况下说话或做
事。误选B项和D项属断章取义,不符合常理。
3．Which wrd can be used t describe Blair accrding t this passage?
A．Serius. B．Easy­ging.
C．Kind. D．Dull.
答案 B
解析 文章告诉我们,Blair回答了很多平时从未有人向他提过的问题,并且自曝了很
多个人的隐私。这说明Blair是个随和的人。
2
(2009·全国Ⅰ,D)
It’s nt easy being a teenager(13至19岁的青少年)—nr is it easy being the parent f a teenager.Yu can make yur child feel angry,hurt,r misunderstd by what yu say withut realizing it yurself.It is imprtant t give yur child the space he needs t grw while gently letting him knw that yu’ll still be there fr him when he needs yu.
Expect a lt frm yur child,just nt everything.Except fr health and safety prblems,such as drug use r careless driving,cnsider everything else pen t discussin.If yur child is unwilling t discuss smething,dn’t insist he tell yu what’s n his mind.The mre yu insist,the mre likely that he’ll clam up.Instead,let him attempt t slve(解决) things by himself.At the same time,remind him that yu’re always there fr him shuld he seek advice r help.Shw respect fr yur teenager’s privacy(隐私)．Never read his mail r listen in n persnal cnversatins.
Teach yur teenager that the family phne is fr the whle family.If yur child talks n the family’s telephne fr t lng,tell him he can talk fr 15 minutes,but then he must stay ff the phne fr at least an equal perid f time.This nt nly frees up the line s that ther family members can make and receive calls,but teaches yur teenager mderatin(节制)．Or if yu are pen t the idea,allw yur teenager has his wn phne that he pays fr with his wn pcket mney r a part­time jb.
1．The main purpse f the text is t tell parents ________.
A．hw t get alng with a teenager
B．hw t respect a teenager
C．hw t understand a teenager
D．hw t help a teenager grw up
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。本文主要讲了作为父母,我们应如何帮助孩子成长。A项范围太大；
B项和C项范围太小,故选D。
2．What des the phrase “clam up” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．becme excited B．shw respectC．refuse t talk D．seek help
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。由上句可知,如果孩子不愿意和你讨论的话,你越坚持,他可能越
不愿回答。因此C项正确。
3．The last paragraph is abut hw t teach a teenager ________.
A．t use the phne in a sensible way
B．t pay fr his wn telephne
C．t share the phne with friends
D．t answer the phne quickly
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由最后一段可知,主要讲述了父母应该怎样来引导孩子合理使用家
庭电话。
4．What shuld parents d in raising a teenager accrding t the text?
A．Nt allw him t learn driving r take drugs.
B．Give him advice nly when necessary.
C．Let him have his wn telephne.
D．Nt talk abut persnal things with him.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由第二段第二句可知A项错误；由最后一段可知,并不是所有的
父母都会这样做,如果你们足够开明的话可以让孩子用自己的零花钱或打工挣来的钱付
手机话费,所以C项太片面；D项太绝对。
3
Wh says Americans wrship the almighty dllar？It’s nt true.Having enugh free time is mre imprtant t mst Americans than being rich,accrding t a new pll.
Only 13 percent f mre than 2,400 peple questined in the telephne pll ranked being wealthy as mst imprtant t them,while 67 percent ranked free time as their tp pririty,higher than having a successful career,getting married,and having children.“Everyne wants free time t d the things they want t d,yung,middle­aged r ld,”said Richard Mrin,f the Pew Scial & Demgraphic Trends Prject,which cnducted the survey.“S ur desire t play unites us.”
The pll als shwed that peple wh were university educated valued career success ver wealth,s did middle­aged peple.Nt surprisingly,thse wh didn’t have mney,ranked wealth very highly.This included minrities,first generatin Americans and less educated peple.The survey als revealed that a disprprtinate(不成比例的) number f peple under the age f 30 and retirees in the grup made $20,000 r less a year.But the emphasis n wealth lessens with age,with yunger peple putting value n it but hardly any senirs.“It just diminishes with time as the reality sets in that yu wuld never be rich,”Mrin said.“But als,the reality sets in that yu dn’t have t be rich t lead a very cmfrtable and fulfilling life.”
While wealth was nt at the tp f peple’s list f pririties,43 percent still said it was smewhat imprtant.
1．The pll shwed that the majrity f American peple ranked ________ as the mst imprtant.
A．wealth B．a successful career
C．marriage D．free time
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。从文章第一段和第二段可得到答案,美国人最看重的是自由时间。
2．Wh cares least fr wealth,accrding t the passage?
A．Yung peple. B．Middle­aged peple.
C．Old peple. D．Well­educated peple.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段倒数二、三句可知,年轻人更重视钱财,而随着
年龄增长,这种观念就会逐渐转变,老年人不太重视钱财了。
3．Accrding t the pll,middle­aged peple regarded ______ as mre imprtant.
A．success in career B．educatin level
C．wealth D．cmfrt
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段第一句中的“ wh were university
educated valued career success ver wealth,as did middle­aged peple.”可知,中年人更
在乎事业的成功。
4．What is the belief f ld peple,accrding t the third paragraph?
A．Wealth is as imprtant t the ld as health.
B．One needs t put mney away fr his retired life.
C．One desn’t have t be rich t live a satisfying life.
D．One wuld never get rich until he retires.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由第三段的最后一句“ dn’t have t be rich t lead a very
cmfrtable and fulfilling life.”可推知答案。
5．The underlined wrd “diminishes” in the third paragraph prbably means ________.
A．increases B．decreasesC．changes D．stays
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。从文章倒数第二段可知,人们对金钱的重视程度会随着年龄的增长
而减弱。