2022年高考英语一轮随堂限时备考练习2阅读理解6新人教版

这是一份2022年高考英语一轮随堂限时备考练习2阅读理解6新人教版，共6页。试卷主要包含了合理猜测推敲生词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1．快速读题,正确理解题干,定位关键词,带着问题读文章
通过快速读题,确定题干中的关键词,即能够反映题干的中心信息或能体现题干最大特征的词,如时间、数字、专有名词、抽象名词、典型的形容词和副词以及中心动词等。把握题干中的关键词有助于有的放矢地阅读及确定正确答案。
2．运用正确的阅读策略,变速阅读文章,学会处理文中冗余信息
在把握文章的中心时运用略读法(skimming),即仔细读文章的首尾段和中间段的首尾句；在寻找文中具体信息时可运用扫读法(scanning)。备考时,考生要学会变速阅读,即阅读时有所读有所不读。要慢读重点句、首尾段,特殊语言现象,含有题干关键词的句子,连续数行并列或同义,作为解释、说明、类比的例子或细节。对于不涉及考题的句、段要快速阅读。
3．注意特殊语言现象,在含关键词的句子处标上记号
特殊语言现象指文中表示因果、比较、转折、举例等关系的语言现象。阅读时应留意表示这些关系的标志词,如连接词、副词、代词、介词短语、关系词、插入语等,它们在上下文中具有让步、转折、指代、递进、对比、列举、承上启下等作用,正确理解并掌握这些词汇的作用,对做阅读理解题大有好处。
4．注意正确项和干扰项的特点,回读全文,确定答案
正确项的特点有：(1)正话反说；(2)肯定句变成双重否定句；(3)同义词替换；(4)叙述角度转换,意思不变。干扰项的特点是：(1)绝对化,选项中出现绝对化的词汇,如nly,all,any,every,abslute,always,never等,此时应格外小心；(2)偷换概念,如扩大或缩小范围,要特别关注名词前有无限定词；(3)片面化,以偏赅全,以细节代主题等；(4)串段现象,如某题目考第二段内容,但把别的段落的信息放在选项中；(5)无中生有,如加上最高级或唯一性、虚假比较、无关话题等。
5．利用排除法或题目间的内在逻辑关系来判断题目答案
有些题目不能从文中某句话直接找到答案,而是涉及全文的多个句子或段落,这时可使用排除法。有些题目尤其是主旨题,如果利用排除法也难以解决,则可利用题目之间的内在逻辑关系,即通过题目之间的关系来考虑。
6．合理猜测推敲生词
考生在阅读文章时,常常会遇到一些生词。这时,要沉着冷静,细心思考。有些生词可从构词法角度分析判断词义,多数生词可根据上下文来猜测其意义。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完,通过对全篇短文的理解,就很有可能猜测出生词的词义；其次还可以根据含有生词句子的前后句来猜测其真正含义。
1
(2009·陕西,D)
Brian arrived at the San Francisc airprt tw hurs befre the flight t Paris.He was wearing three shirts,a jacket,tw pairs f scks,a pair f shrts,and tw pairs f jeans.He was carrying ne small backpack,which was very full,but he didn’t have any ther luggage.Brian needed t meet a man named Tny befre he checked in fr his flight.He fund Tny near the Air France cunter.Tny gave him a rund­trip ticket and a small package.
“Give this package t Jean Paul at the airprt in Paris.He will have a sign with yur name n it.I think yu can find him easily,”Tny said,“Yu dn’t have any luggage,right？”
“Only this backpack,”Brian answered.“Yu said I culd bring ne carry­n bag.”
“That’s right.One carry­n bag is fine.Have a gd trip.”
“Thanks.”
Is Brian a criminal(罪犯)？Nt at all.He is an air­curier.And he paid nly $110 fr the rund­trip ticket t,the nly way they can d this is t use an air­curier cmpany.It is nt cheap fr a business t send a package with an air­curier,but it is quick.
Every year abut 80,000 peple wrldwide travel as air­curiers.The number f tickets fr the air­curier travel is grwing by abut 10 percen,air­curier travel isn’t fr everyne.But if yu have very little mney,yu can be flexible(灵活的) abut yur travel plans,and dn’t mind wearing the same clthes fr a week,it can be a great way t take a vacatin!
1．Why was Brian wearing s many clthes fr his travel?
A．Because they were the unifrms fr air­curiers.
B．Because that made him easier t be recgnized.
C．Because his backpack had n rm fr his clthes.
D．Because he did nt have any luggage with him.
答案 C
解析 此题中的关键词是第一段“He was carrying ne small backpack,which was very
full,...”中的“full”,可知应选C项；也可运用策略五,排除A和B,文中没有提到
这样的信息；再根据文中“carrying ne small backpack,”可排除D项。因此只能选C
项。
2．An air­curier is a persn wh ________.
A．manages a business cmpany in freign cuntries
B．rganizes internatinal flights fr turists
C．travels arund the wrld with cheap tickets
D．delivers papers and packages t freign cuntries
答案 D
解析 慢读重点句,与题目无关的信息可以略读。此题中重点句为第六段中的“Air­curiers get cheap airline freign cuntries.”由此可知应选D项；而误选C
项的原因是由于对最后一段理解不透彻造成的。
3．Businesses chse the air­curier service because ________.
A．it csts less B．it is flexible
C．it saves time D．it grws fast
答案 C
解析 带着问题读文章,在含关键词的地方标上记号。此题关键处应是倒数第二段“...,
but it’s quick.”。由此可知应选C项。
4．One f the disadvantages f traveling as an air­curier is that he ________.
A．cannt decide when and where t travel
B．cannt take any luggage with him
C．has t wear tw pairs f jeans
D．saves little mney frm the travel
答案 A
解析 回读全文可排除B；C项多了has t使意思发生了改变；再根据最后一段最后一
句可知D项不对；因此推理出只能选A项。
5．The authr f the text mainly ________.
A．describes the activities f a law­breaker
B．suggests an ideal way t travel
C．argues against the air­curier travel
D．tells us abut a develping business
答案 D
解析 通读全文可知应是介绍一种新型的职业,故选D；A项和C项属于无中生有；B
项过于片面化。
2
(2009·北京,A)
Hw I Turned t Be Optimistic
I began t grw up that winter night when my parents and I were returning frm my aunt’s huse,and my mther said that we might sn be leaving fr America.We were n the bus then.I was crying,and sme peple n the bus were turning arund t lk at me.I remember that I culd nt bear the thught f never hearing again the radi prgram fr schl children t which I listened every mrning.
I d nt remember myself crying fr this reasn again.In fact,I think I cried very little when I was saying gdbye t my friends and relatives.When we were leaving I thught abut all the places I was ging t see—the strange and magical places I had knwn nly frm bks and pictures.The cuntry I was leaving never t cme back was hardly in my head then.
The fur years that fllwed taught me the imprtance f ptimism,but the idea did nt cme t me at nce.Fr the first tw years in New Yrk I was really lst—having t study in three schls as a result f family mves.I did nt quite knw what I was r what I shuld be.Mther remarried,and things became even mre cmplex fr me.Sme time passed befre my stepfather and I gt used t each ther.I was ften sad,and saw n end t “the hard times”．
My respnsibilities in the family increased a lt since I knew English better than everyne else at hme.I wrte letters,filled ut frms,translated at interviews with Immigratin fficers,tk my grandparents t the dctr and translated there,and even discussed telephne bills with cmpany representatives.
Frm my experiences I have learned ne imprtant rule：almst all cmmn trubles eventually g away！Smething gd is certain t happen in the end when yu d nt give up,and just wait a little！I believe that my life will turn ut all right,even thugh it will nt be that easy.
1．Hw did the authr get t knw America?
A．Frm her relatives.
B．Frm her mther.
C．Frm bks and pictures.
D．Frm radi prgrams.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由第二段中“ strange and magical places I had knwn nly frm
bks and pictures.”可知C项正确。
2．Upn leaving fr America the authr felt ________.
A．cnfused B．excited
C．wrried D．amazed
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。由第一段作者的表现来看,作者对于即将到美国的事实感到很兴奋。
3．Fr the first tw years in New Yrk,the authr ________.
A．ften lst her way
B．did nt think abut her future
C．studied in three different schls
D．gt n well with her stepfather
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知C项正确。
4．What can we learn abut the authr frm Paragraph 4?
A．She wrked as a translatr.
B．She attended a lt f jb interviews.
C．She paid telephne bills fr her family.
D．She helped her family with her English.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。作者的责任感使她的英语帮助了她的家人。
5．The authr believes that ________.
A．her future will be free frm trubles
B．it is difficult t learn t becme patient
C．there are mre gd things than bad things
D．gd things will happen if ne keeps trying
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。由最后一段第二句内容可知。
3
Anyne wh dubts if children are brn with a healthy amunt f ambitin need spend nly a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning t walk.N matter hw many times the little nes stumble in their first effrts,mst keep n trying,determined t master their amazing new skill.It is nly several years later,many psychlgists and teachers agree,that a gd number f kids seem t lse their natural drive t succeed.Fr the parents f such kids,whse wn ambitin is ften tied t their children’s success,it can be a painful experience.
Figuring ut why the fire went ut is the first step.Assuming that a kid desn’t suffer frm a learning disability,r isn’t invlved in sme family crisis(危机) at hme,many educatrs attribute a sudden lack f mtivatin t a fear f failure r classmate pressure.“Everything is within the kids’ cntrl；their intelligence is changeable,”says Lisa Blackwell,a research scientist at Clumbia University.Mre than any teacher r wrkshp,Blackwell says,“Parents can play a key rle in cnveying this message t their children by praising their effrt and prgress rather than emphasizing their ‘smartness’ r praising high perfrmance alne.Mst f all,parents shuld let their kids knw that mistakes are a part f learning.”
Sme experts say ur educatin system,with its strng emphasis n testing and separatin f students int different levels f ability,als bears blame fr the disappearance f drive in sme kids.“These prgrams shut dwn the mtivatin f all kids wh aren’t cnsidered gifted and talented.They destry their cnfidence,”says Jeff Hward,a scial psychlgist.Hward and ther educatrs say it’s imprtant t expse kids t a wrld beynd hmewrk and tests,thrugh vlunteer wrk,sprts,hbbies and ther extra­curricular activities.
“The prblem f the issue is that many students experience educatin as irrelevant t their life gals and ambitin,”says Michael Nakkual,a Harvard educatin prfessr.The key t getting kids t aim higher at schl is t free them f the idea that class wrk is irrelevant,and t shw them hw ding well at schl can actually help them fulfill their dreams beynd it.They need t understand that yu have t learn t walk befre yu can run.
1．Accrding t the passage,the parents f kids with n ambitin ________.
A．dn’t d a very gd jb n teaching them t walk
B．are t blame if the kids d prly in schl
C．feel pain because their wn ambitin is cnnected t their kids’ success
D．shuld take part in extra­curricular activities with kids
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。从文章第一段中的最后一句“Fr the parents f such kids,whse
wn ambitin is ften tied t their children’s success,it can be a painful experience.”可知
答案。
2．The underlined part “the fire went ut” prbably means ________.
A．the mtivatin was suddenly lst
B．the fear f failure was suddenly gne
C．the learning disability was suddenly lst
D．the fire was suddenly gne
答案 A
解析 从第一段倒数第二句中的“lse their natural drive t succeed”以及第二段中的
“many educatrs attribute a sudden lack f mtivatin t a fear f failure r classmate
pressure”可知答案。
3．All the fllwing can cntribute t a sudden lack f ambitin EXCEPT ________.
A．learning disability B．classmate pressure
C．emphasis n testing D．extra­curricular activities
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。由文章第二段可知答案。
4．What is the mst imprtant thing fr parents in mtivating their kids?
A．Punishing kids wh dn’t display ambitin.
B．Emphasizing smartness and high perfrmance.
C．Telling kids that mistakes are a part f learning.
D．Praising the effrt and prgress they have made.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。从第二段最后一句“Mst f all,parents shuld let their kids knw
that mistakes are a part f learning.”可知答案。