北京市第八十中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中英语试卷

这是一份北京市第八十中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中英语试卷，共10页。试卷主要包含了5分; 共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2024年11月
（考试时间 90 分钟 满分 100 分）
提示: 试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上, 在试卷上作答无效。
在答题卡上, 选择题用 2B 铅笔作答, 其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。
第一部分: 知识运用（共三节, 30分）
第一节完型填空（共10小题, 每小题1.5分; 共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Labradr has been ding an imprtant jb t help peple stay safe during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Eight-year-ld Rby runs thrugh the streets f the hilly city f Medellin several times a day with a 1 in his jaws, taking vegetables, fruit and packaged fds t custmers f the Fresh4U mini-market.
"He helps us t maintain scial distancing," said Rby's wner, Sherry Bter. "And peple 2 it when we send the dg." Rby enjys eating carrts 3 t him by custmers, a tip fr bringing a basket f fd.
Rby wasn't always a star. He was accepted int the family 4 by Ms Bter after repeated requests by her sn t 5 a dg.
But Ms Bter quickly 6 with the dg. And when she pened a mini-market fur years ag, he started t accmpany her t make deliveries.
Rby can't read 7 . But he remembers the names f custmers wh have previusly rewarded him with treats. And with sme practice, he has learned t g t their huses n his wn.
"He knws the names f five r six f ur custmers,” Ms Bter said, "S I send the gds with a receipt in the basket, and my custmers 8 me thrugh a bank transfer（转账; 转移）.”
Rby might nt knw that he's becme an 9 wrker. But he is happy t help his wner and 10 his daily pay.
1. A. bag B. chain C. basket D. stick
2. A. respect B. lve C. fllw D. ntice
3. A. gifted B. returned C. lent D. dnated
4. A. intentinally B. regretfully C. immediately D. unwillingly
5. A. adpt B. train C. adre D. walk
6. A. gt away B. kept in tuch C. caught up D. fell in lve
7. A. minds B. addresses C. numbers D. receipts
8. A. treat B. help C. pay D. impress
9. A. essential B. hnest C. ptimistic D. adventurus
10. A. spend B. calculate C. cllect D. increase
第二节语法填空（共10小题, 每小题1.5分; 共15分）
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Tday, there is a trend that the yungsters haven't enugh sleep during the night. Lack f sleep amng children and teenagers in China 11 （get）wrse in the past ten years, with mre than 80 percent getting insufficient sleep n schl days, a reprt 12 （publish）n Mnday said. Chinese yungsters slept an average f 7.8 hurs a night n schl days last year, 20 minutes 13 （little）than in 2009, accrding t the reprt frm the Chinese Academy f Sciences' Institute f Psychlgy.
B
Based n AR and VR, the metaverse aims t bring peple clser tgether in an nline setting, enabling them t be cnnected in ways they culdn't be befre. Imagine 14 （attend）a meeting frm the cmfrt f yur cuch, where yu dn't dress up, but yur avatar des. Yu 15 （seat）at a virtual table with ther peple whse reactins and bdy language can be judged just as well as they wuld be in real life. A metaverse culd very likely bring these 16 （imagine）t reality, and sn.
C
Everyne has a sense f humr, but it's, pretty evident that nt everybdy has a gd sense f it. Psychlgists axe divided n 17 humr is inbrn r learnable. Hwever, there is ne thing that 18 （accept）universally s far—the sense f humr is uniquely human. It is assciated with laughter and laughter is assciated with happiness and curage. These are qualities 19 （share）with ther frms f life. But if happiness is ne f the gals 20 （chase）in life, then it is the sense f humr that prvides the key.
第二部分: 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Old and unrestred theatres are all arund us and yet s unnticed. A new phtbk unveils their ften verlked beauty.
Prctr's Theatre, Newark, New Jersey
Althugh available utdrs frm street sellers, fd was banned in theatres t display respectability. In the late 1920s, hwever, the peratrs in Prctr's Theatre in Newark began t set up stands t imprve the ecnmic situatin during the Great Depressin. Ppcrn and Cke wuld becme a significant part f the theatre' s incme.
Prctr's Theatre, Try, New Yrk
Originally pened as Prctr's Furth Street Theatre in 1914, it hsted famus cmedians such as Jack Benny and Bb Hpe. Frm 1929, it was successively taken ver, renamed as Prctr's Try Theatre and switched t screening films. In the 1960s, it began playing secnd-run films befre clsing in 1977. It was listed n the Natinal Register f Histric Places（NRHP）in 1979. In 2010, the theatre was repaired but is currently nt being used tday.
RKO Keith's Flushing Theatre, New Yrk
Originally pened in 1928, RKO Keith's Flushing Theatre was designed by Thmas Lamb. In 1982, it was listed n the NRHP. In 1986, the theatre was bught and clsed by its new wner wh planned t build a shpping centre n the site, intentinally damaging the haul In 2019, despite the preservatin effrts, the hall was kncked dwn t make way fr a residential twer blck
Metrplitan Opera Huse, Philadelphia
The theatre was riginally pened as the Philadelphia Opera Huse in 1908. In the 1920s, it was renamed as the Metrplitan Opera Huse, shwing silent films in additin t hsting varius pera cmpanies. In the 1940s, it became a sprts arena. In 1954, it was turned int a church. In the late 1990s, the building was purchased by Mark Hatcher. The church and the develper came t an agreement n a repair fr a music venue that was cmpleted and repened in 2018.
21. In the late 1920s, Prctr's Theatre in Newark set up stands t________________
A. shw respect fr the guests B. increase the theatre's incme
C. prmte newly released mvies D. cmpete with the street sellers
22. What can we knw frm the passage?
A. RKO Keith's Flushing Theatre is well preserved.
B. Prctr' s Theatre in Try plays secnd-run films nw.
C. Metrplitan Opera Huse has witnessed changes in its functin.
D. Prctr's Theatre in Newark has been fficially listed n the NRHP.
23. What is the purpse f this passage?
A. T rank the ld and unrestred theatres.
B. T shw the develpment f American theatres.
C. T encurage peple t prtect the ld theatres.
D. T prvide infrmatin n verlked ld theatres.
B
Thrughut my 41 years at General Electric, I've experienced a lt. In the media, I've gne frm prince t pig
and back again. And I've been called many things.
In the early days, sme called me a crazy, wild man. When I became CEO tw decades ag, Wall Street asked, "Jack wh?"
When I tried t make GE mre cmpetitive by cutting back ur wrkfrce in the early 1980s, the media called me "Neutrn Jack." When they learned we were fcused n values and culture at GE, peple asked if "Jack has gne sft." I've been N.1 r N. 2 Jack. Services Jack, Glbal Jack, and, in mre recent years, Six Sigma Jack and e-Business Jack.
When we made an effrt t acquire Hneywell in Octber 2000, and I agreed t stay n thrugh the transitin（过渡期）, sme thught f me as the Lng-in-the-Tth Jack hanging n by his fingertips t his CEO jb.
Thse characterizatins said less abut me and a lt mre abut the stage ur cmpany went thrugh. Truth is, dwn deep, I've never really changed much frm the by my mther raised in Salem, Massachusetts.
When I started n this jurney in 1981, standing befre Wall Street analysts fr the first time at New Yrk's Pierre Htel, I said I wanted GE t becme "the mst cmpetitive enterprise n earth." My bjective was t put a small-cmpany spirit in a big-cmpany bdy, t build an rganizatin ut f an ld-line industrial cmpany that wuld be mre high—spirited, mre adaptable, and mre flexible than cmpanies that are ne-fiftieth ur size. I said then that I wanted t create a cmpany "where peple dare t try new things—where pepleknw that nly the limits f their creativity and drive, their wn standards f persnal excellence, will be the ceiling n hw far and hw fast they mve."
I've put my mind, my heart, and my curage int that jurney every day f the 40-plus years I've been lucky enugh t be a part f GE.
24. Accrding t the first tw paragraphs. the authr__________
A. had many ups and dwns B. had a pr image in public
C. became CEO f GE 41 years ag D. suffered frm sme mental illnesses
25. As the authr sees it. the many nicknames f him indicate__________.
A. the change f his character with the time
B. the varius pinins f different jurnalists
C. his ppularity amng his friends and relatives
D. his cmpany's different stages f develpment
26. What des the underlined wrd "jurney" in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Taking GE t a new height. B. Travelling frm hme t ffice.
C. Seeking a higher psitin in GE. D. Grwing frm a baby int an adult.
C
Birds Can "Read" Human Gaze
We all knw that peple smetimes change their behavir when smene is lking their way. Nw, a new study reprted nline n April 2nd in Current Bilgy shws that jackdaws—birds related t crws with eyes that appear similar t human eyes—can d the same.
"Jackdaws seem t recgnize the eye's rle in visual perceptin, r at the very least they are extremely sensitive t the way that human eyes are riented（朝向）," said Auguste vn Bayern, frmerly f the University f Cambridge and nw at the University f Oxfrd.
When presented with a preferred fd, hand-raised jackdaws tk significantly lnger t get the reward when a persn was directing his eyes twards the fd than when he was lking away, accrding t the research team led by Nathan Emery f the University f Cambridge and Queen Mary University f Lndn. The birds hesitated nly when the persn was unfamiliar and thus ptentially threatening.
In additin, the birds were able t interpret human cmmunicative gestures, such as gaze alternatin and pinting, t help them find hidden fd, they fund. The birds were unsuccessful in using unmving cues, including eye gaze r head rientatin.
Unlike mst birds, jackdaws' eyes have a dark pupil surrunded by a silvery white iris. The researchers said they believe jackdaws are prbably sensitive t human eyes because, as in humans, eyes are an imprtant means f cmmunicatin fr them. The hand-raised birds examined in the study may be even better than wild jackdaws a attending t human gaze and respnding t the gestures f the peple wh have raised them.
The findings are particularly ntable given that mst ther species investigated s far, including ur clses relatives the chimpanzee and "man's best friend, "the dg, are nt particularly sensitive t eye rientatin and eye gaze, vn Bayern said. Rather, she cntinued, chimps and dgs seem t rely n ther cues such as head r bdy rientatin in determining the lking directin f thers. The results suggest that birds may deserve mre respect fr their mental abilities.
"We may have understated the psychlgical wrld f birds," vn Bayern said. "Jackdaws, amng many ther birds, frm pair ties fr life and need t have much in cmmn and wrk tgether with their partner, which requires an efficient way f cmmunicating and sensitivity t their partner's viewpint."
27. A hand-raised jackdaw hesitates t take a preferred fd when the feeder__________.
A. is lking away frm the fd B. hlds the fd in his hand
C. is lking at the fd D. is unfamiliar t the bird
28. Accrding t researchers, jackdaws can ntice human eye rientatin prbably because_________.
A. like humans, they als use eyes t cmmunicate
B. they are far mre intelligent than ther birds
C. they are mstly hand-raised by humans
D. their eyes als have a dark pupil
29. Why des the authr refer t chimpanzees and dgs?
A. T suggest that they are much better at interpreting gaze alternatin.
B. T reflect hw unique jackdaws are in being able t ntice gaze rientatin
C. l shw that they cmmunicate mre frequently with humans than jackdaws.
D. T make clear that they rely n ther means in determining peple's intentin.
30. What des the research finding suggest?
A. Nt all jackdaws are gd at attending t human gaze.
B. We may have understated jackdaws' mental abilities.
C. We knw embarrassingly less abut birds than we assume.
D. The clser we cmmunicate with animals, the better we understand them.
D
The Secret f Success
The recipe fr succeeding in any given field is hardly a mystery: gd ideas, hard wrk, discipline, imaginatin, perseverance and maybe a little luck. Oh, and let's nt frget failure, which Dashun Wang and his clleagues at Nrthwestern University call "the essential prerequisite（先决条件）fr success" in a new paper.
But nt every failure leads t success, he adds. And what eventually separates the winners frm the lsers, the research shws, certainly ss nt persistence. One f the mre interesting findings in the paper, published last Octber in Nature, is that the peple wh eventually succeeded and the peple wh eventually failed tried basically the same number f times t achieve their gals.
It turns ut that trying again and again nly wrks if yu learn frm yur previus failures. The idea is t wrk smart, nt hard. Yu have t figure ut what wrked and what didn't, and then fcus n what needs t be imprved instead f struggling arund and changing everything," says Wang. "The peple wh failed didn't necessarily wrk less than thse wh succeeded. They culd actually have wrked mre: it's just that they made mre unnecessary changes."
As they explred "the mechanisms gverning the dynamics f failure", Wang's team identified what they describe as previusly unknwn statistical signatures that separate successful grups frm unsuccessful grups, making it pssible t predict their final utcmes.
One such key indicatr is the time between cnsecutive（连续的）failed attempts, which shuld decrease steadily. In ther wrds, the faster yu fail, the better yur chances f success, and the mre time between attempts, the mre likely yu are t fail again. "If smene has applied fr a grant and they are three failures in," Wang says, "if we just lk at the timing between the failures, we will be able t predict whether they will eventually succeed r nt."
Wrking with such large-scale data, Wang and his clleagues were able t identify a critical pint that was cmmn t each f the hundreds f thusands f undertakings they had analyzed, a frk in the rad where ne path leads t a develpment regin and ne leads t a stagnatin regin.
Wang pints ut that the existence f the tipping pint cuts against the traditinal explanatins fr failure r success, such as luck r a persn's wrk habits. "What we' re shwing here is that even in the absence f such differences, yu can still have very different utcmes," he says. What matters is hw peple fail, hw they respnd t failure and where thse failures lead.
31. It can be learned frm Paragraph 2 that__________.
A. winners are mre persistent than lsers
B. failure is nt imprtant fr success at all
C. mre trying desn't necessarily result in success
D. winners and lsers differ in hw many times they tried
32. Wang and his clleagues believe that__________.
A. n ne can btain success withut failure
B. failure can smetimes help predict success
C. the perfrmance pattern is difficult t identify
D. the critical pint had been discvered by chance
33. The underlined phrase "a stagnatin regin" in Paragraph 6 refers t a regin__________.
A. withut prgress B. beynd recgnitin
C. unknwn t utsiders D. in its elementary stage
34. What is the cnclusin f Wang's research?
A. Winners try less than lsers. but gain mre.
B. Perseverance is the utmst secret t success.
C. Wrking smart culd turn failures int future successes.
D. Luck and wrk habits hardly make any difference t the result.
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空向处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
Lifelng Musicians Have Better Hearing
Playing a musical instrument thrughut yur life prtects yur hearing, a Canadian study suggests. The study, which was published in Psychlgy and Aging, carried ut hearing tests n 74 musicians and 89 nn-musicians. 35
Actin n Hearing Lss said all peple—including musicians—shuld try t prevent hearing damage. 36 By sixty, 10-30% f peple have sme hearing lss. By eighty that ges up t as many as 60%. Prblems are particularly seen in the central hearing prcessing system, which is assciated with understanding speech, especially when there is backgrund nise.
Then a research. by a team at the Rtman Research Institute in Trnt, lked at hw adults were affected as they aged. They chse bth musicians and nn-musicians frm the age f 18 t 91 and divided them int different grups based n the age. Again musicians were significantly better at picking ut speech against nise in all the age ranges.
37 Benjamin Zendel, wh was part f the research team, said, "We fund that being a musician may cntribute t better hearing in ld age, prbably due t musicians using their hearing systems at a high level n a regular basis. This advantage widened cnsiderably fr musicians as they gt lder when cmpared t similar-aged nn-musicians."
This study suggests that musicians might be mre able t deal with the cnsequences f hearing lss. 38 As Dr. Ralph Hlme said, all peple—including musicians—shuld try t prevent hearing damage in the first place. It's necessary fr everyne wh plays a musical instrument r listens t lud music t wear hearing prtectin. 39
A. Hearing nrmally declines as peple age.
B. Previus studies explained the reasns fr hearing lss.
C. That can effectively reduce the risk f damaging their hearing permanently.
D. Still, it is far better t minimize damage by using apprpriate ear prtectin.
E. They believed musicians are als likely t experience age-related hearing prblems.
F. The researchers cncluded that lifelng musicianship delays age-related changes in hearing.
G. It fund a 70-year-ld musician's hearing was as gd as that f a 50-year-ld wh didn't play.
第三部分:书面表达（共两节,32分）
第一节阅读表达（共4小题;第40、41小题各2分,第42小题3分,第43小题5分,共12分）
阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求问答问题。
Is it better fr ur bdies t wrk ut at certain times f the day? Scientists have knwn fr sme time that every tissue in ur bdies cntains a kind f bilgical clck that ges ff in respnse t messages related t ur daily expsure t light, fd and sleep.
Hwever, whether and hw exercise timing might influence metablic（新陈代谢的）health has been less clear, and the results f past experiments have nt always agreed. A much-discussed 2019 study fund that men with Type 2 diabetes（糖尿病）wh cmpleted a few minutes f high-intensity interval（间隔）sessins in the afternn imprved their bld-sugar cntrl after tw weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a prfessr f nutritin and mvement sciences read that 2019 study with interest. He had been studying exercise in peple with Type 2 diabetes, but had nt cnsidered the pssible rle f timing. Nw, seeing the varying impacts f the intense wrkuts. he wndered if the timing f wrkuts might similarly affect hw the wrkuts changed peple's metablisms.
Incidentally, he and his clleagues had a ready-made surce f data in their wn prir experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high risk fr Type 2 diabetes t ride statinary bicycles at the lab three times a week fr 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metablic health. They als had nted when the riders shwed up fr their wrkuts. The researchers pulled data fr the 12 men wh cnsistently had wrked ut between 8 and 10 a. m. and cmpared them with anther 20 wh always exercised between 3 and 6 p. m. They fund that the benefits f afternn wrkuts far utweighed thse f mrning exercise.
He says, "This study des suggest that afternn exercise may be mre beneficial fr peple with disturbed metablisms than the same exercise dne earlier. The particular and mst effective exercise fr each f us will line up with ur daily rutines and exercise tendencies because exercise is gd fr us at any time f day—but nly if we chse t keep ding it."
40. What inspired Prfessr Schrauwen t carry ut the research related t the timing f wrkuts?
41. What did Schrauwen's new study figure ut?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Prfessr Schrauwen and his clleagues carried ut the research by using the newly-cllected data and making cmparisns between tw different subject grups.
43. When d yu think is the best time fr yu t exercise? Why?（abut 40 wrds）
第二节 写作（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你班的交换生Jim对中华传统文化感兴趣, 准备下学期选修一门相关课程, 向你征询建议。请给Jim写一封邮件, 内容包括:
1. 推荐一门选修课, 并说明推荐的理由;
2. 提出学习这门课程的建议。
注意: 1. 词数不少于100字;
2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
北京市第八十中学 2024～2025 学年第一学期期中考试
高二英语参考答案
第一部分:知识运用（共两节,30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B
8. C 9. A 10. C
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
11. has gt 12. published 13. less 14. attending 15. are seated
16. imaginatin 17. whether 18. has been accepted 19. shared 20. t chase
第二部分:阅读理解（共两节,38分）
第一节（共14小题;每小题2分,共28分）
A篇 BCD
B篇 ADA
C篇 DABB
D篇 CBAC
第二节（共5小题;每小题2分,共10分）
GAFDC
第三部分:书面表达（共两节,32分）
第一节（共4小题;第40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分）
40. The 2019 study.
41. Fr sme peple, it is better t wrk ut in the afternn.
42. Prfessr Schrauwen and his clleagues carried ut the research by using the newly-cllected data and making cmparisns between tw different subject grups.
Accrding t the passage, Prfessr Schrauwen and his clleagues didn’t cllect any new data t d the research. They made use f the ready-made surce f data frm their wn prir experiment.
43. 略
第二节 One pssible versin:
Dear Jim,
I am glad that yu are interested in Chinese culture and eager t explre mre.
I think the Ancient Petry is yur best chice. By learning Chinese ancient pems, yu can have an extensive knwledge f histry and culture in ancient China. Als, yu can feel the charm f the language by reading pems, which helps t imprve yur Chinese.
T fllw the curse well, yu’d better read and recite as many pems as pssible. Besides, it is a gd idea t search fr related backgrund knwledge s that yu will fully understand the cnceptin f petry.
What yu d think f the curse? I am sure yu will have a lt f fun frm it.
Yurs,
Li Hua