资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩18页未读，
继续阅读
北京市第八十中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析）
展开
这是一份北京市第八十中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析），文件包含北京市第八十中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题Word版含解析docx、北京市第八十中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
2024年4月
（考试时间90分钟 满分100分）
提示：
试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My grandfather was a writer f many bks. As a child and a teenager, I wrte ____1____, trying t be an authr like him.When I ____2____ my first bk, I was nt sure if I shuld thrw it ut t the wrld r shelter it frever. That’s why I went t grandpa that night, my faithful reader, wh nce again gave me tremendus ____3____。
“Did yu bring the bk? I heard yu talk abut it and I can’t wait t see yur ____4____.”
“Oh yeah, the bk. I cmpleted it yesterday,” I handed him the draft, “but I dn’t think it’s that gd...”
He turned t a randm page and ____5____ mre f the pages. “Why d yu think this isn’t gd? It lks fine t me.Very heart-warming.”
“Well, I’m nt sure. It culd be better than it is nw.”
“Yu can’t expect fr the bk t be ____6____. Writing is a skill that takes time. Yu already finished the stry, and nw yu have t ____7____ thers what yu’ve gt.” he passed the bk back t me. “If peple dn’t like it, then write again. Criticism is imprtant, but yu are ging t have t keep n writing till yu are ____8____ with yur wrk.”
“Is that hw yu became a writer?”
“Yes, and every ther writer befre me. Yu have t start frm the ____9____ and then reach the tp.”
I finally brke ut int a smile and he did t. I lked carefully at the bk ne mre time. The pages bund tgether gave me hpe fr the future. That settled it. I was ging t have t _____10_____ myself and let thers see my wrk. Fr me and fr my grandpa.
1. A. fastB. wellC. nnstpD. little
2. A. plishedB. finishedC. deletedD. published
3. A. tasksB. pressureC. rewardsD. inspiratin
4. A. prgressB. styleC. cmmentD. reactin
5. A. cpiedB. wrteC. scannedD. edited
6. A. perfectB. uniqueC. cmplexD. practical
7. A. sendB. shwC. teachD. sell
8. A. cntentB. strictC. patientD. exhausted
9. A. endB. failureC. bttmD. criticism
10. A. give upB. cunt nC. lk afterD. get ver
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者想成为爷爷那样的一位作家，但是在完成第一本书之后不确定是否应该拿给别人看，这时是爷爷给了他巨大的鼓励和启示，让他抛掉顾虑，重拾前行的勇气，继续向前。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我十几岁还是个孩子的时候，我不间断地写，希望成为一个像他那样的作家。A. fast迅速的；B. well健康的；C. nnstp不间断的；D. little小的。根据前文“My grandfather was a writer f many bks.”可知，作者的爷爷是一个作家，所以作者也希望通过不间断地写作最终成为一个作家。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我完成我的第一本书的时候，我不确定我是应该把它扔给世界还是永远保护它。A. plished擦亮；B. finished完成；C. deleted删除；D. published出版。根据后文“I cmpleted it yesterday,”可知，作者已经完成了他的第一本书。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么那天晚上要去找爷爷，我忠实的读者，他又一次给了我巨大的启示。A. tasks任务；B. pressure压力；C. rewards报酬；D. inspiratin启示。根据后文“Why d yu think this isn’t gd? It lks fine t me.Very heart-warming.”可知，爷爷又一次给了我启示。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你把书带来了吗？我听说你说过，我等不及要看你的进展。A. prgress进展；B. style作风；C. cmment评论；D. reactin反应。根据后文“Oh yeah. the bk. I cmpleted it yesterday,”可知，爷爷是要看看作者的书的进展情况。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他转向一个随机的页面并浏览了更多的页面。A. cpied复制；B. wrte写；C. scanned浏览；D. edited编辑。根据后文“Why d yu think this isn’t gd? It lks fine t me.Very heart-warming.”可知，作者的爷爷是在快速翻阅了更多的页面以后对作者的书做了评价。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你不能指望这本书是完美的。A. perfect完美的；B. unique独特的；C. cmplex复杂的；D. practical现实的。根据后文“Writing is a skill that takes time.”可知，爷爷是在告诉作者写作是一个逐渐的过程，不可能一下就能写出完美的书。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你已经完成了这个故事，现在你必须向别人展示你的故事。A. send发送；B. shw展示；C. teach讲授；D. sell出售。根据后文“If peple dn’t like it, then write again.”可知，作品完成之后应该向别人展示，让人去评价。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：批评是很重要的，但是你必须继续写作，直到你对你的工作很满意。A. cntent满意的；B. strict严格的；C. patient耐心的；D. exhausted疲惫不堪的。根据前文“If peple dn’t like it, then write again. ”以及后文“Yu have t start frm the ____9____ and then reach the tp.”可知，继续写作是为了达到最后的满意。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须要从底部开始然后才能到达顶端。A. end结束；B. failure失败；C. bttm底部；D. criticism 批判；指责。根据前文“If peple dn’t like it, then write again. Criticism is imprtant, but yu are ging t have t keep n writing till yu are ____8____ with yur wrk.”以及“Yes, and every ther writer befre me.”可知，每一名作家都需要从最初的不断接受批评到最后的对自己作品满意，即从最底部开始。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我必须要克服自己，让别人看到我的作品。A. give up放弃；B. cunt n指望；C. lk after照顾；D. get ver克服。根据前文“I lked carefully at the bk ne mre time. The pages bund tgether gave me hpe fr the future.That settled it.”可知，作者在爷爷的激励下已经战胜自我，决定继续前行，把自己的作品展示给别人看。故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
“Help, help!” I shuted, swimming twards the bat in desperatin. I ____11____ (sink)! I culdn’t breathe! “Help!” My muth filled with water; I struggled ____12____ being drawn deeper, deeper dwn. Suddenly I felt myself quickly ____13____ (draw) up t the surface f the sea; and I heard these wrds: “If master wuld be s gd as t hld nt my shulder, master wuld swim with much greater ease.” I grabbed my faithful Cnseil’s arm with ne hand.
【答案】11. was sinking
12. against
13. drawn
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章是节选自小说《海底两万里》的片段。
【11题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我快要沉没了！结合“shuted”可知，此处使用过去的时态，表示过去正在进行的动作，使用过去进行时，主语为I，be动词用was。故填was sinking。
【12题详解】
考查介词。句意：我满口是水，挣扎着我挣扎着不让自己越陷越深。struggle against为固定搭配，意为“与……作斗争”。故填against。
13题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：突然，我觉得自己很快就浮上了海面。“feel+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，myself和drawn为逻辑动宾关系，使用过去分词形式。故填drawn。
B
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The successful clning f primates has led t wrldwide praise as a huge breakthrugh that might lead t ____14____ (cure) fr varius diseases and may als ffer clues n hw t prevent the aging prcess. With this technlgy, we have the ptential t raise a large number f mnkeys with identical genes in a shrt amunt f time, and we can even change their genes ____15____ (suit) research needs. This culd help save research time, reduce the number f animals required fr ____16____ (test), prduce mre accurate results, and lead t mre effective treatments.
【答案】14. cures
15. t suit
16. testing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了克隆技术的发展和未来。
【14题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：克隆灵长类动物的成功获得了全世界的赞誉，这是一项巨大的突破，可能会导致治疗各种疾病，也可能为如何防止衰老过程提供线索。空处需填名词作宾语，cure为可数名词，结合“fr varius diseases”可知，此处使用名词复数形式。故填cures。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：有了这项技术，我们有可能在短时间内培养出大量具有相同基因的猴子，我们甚至可以改变它们的基因以适应研究需要。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填t suit。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能有助于节省研究时间，减少试验所需的动物数量，产生更准确的结果，并导致更有效的治疗。介词fr后面接动名词，作宾语。故填testing。
C
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Centuries later, the Great Flu Epidemic f 1918, als called the Spanish Flu, ____17____ (strike) near the end f Wrld War I. Families ____18____ had nly just gt thrugh the war nw had t bury their lved nes wh had died f the disease. As a result f the war, mre peple were travelling and mving perhaps than ever befre in histry and this caused the epidemic t spread wrldwide. Having killed up t 50 millin peple in 18 mnths, the Spanish Flu is believed t have been the____19____ (severe) epidemic in histry. Mre peple died f the flu than died in the war. Initially, many peple believed that such epidemics n lnger psed a threat until very recently ____20____ SARS became a cause fr cncern.
【答案】17. struck
18. wh##that
19. mst severe
20. when
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了历史上的一些流行病。
17题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：几个世纪之后，1918年的流感大流行，也被称为西班牙流感，在第一次世界大战即将结束时爆发。根据“the Great Flu Epidemic f 1918”可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填struck。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：刚刚度过战争的家庭现在不得不埋葬死于这种疾病的亲人。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词families，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh或that引导。故填wh或that。
【19题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：西班牙流感在18个月内导致5000万人死亡，被认为是历史上最严重的流行病。此处修饰名词epidemic需用形容词作定语，此处表示“最严重的”应用mst severe。故填mst severe。
【20题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：起初，许多人认为这种流行病不再构成威胁，直到最近SARS引起了人们的关注。空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，应用when引导。故填when。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Old and unrestred theatres are all arund us and yet s unnticed. A new phtbk unveils their ften verlked beauty.
Prctr’s Theatre, Newark, New Jersey
Althugh available utdrs frm street sellers, fd was banned in theatres t display respectability. In the late 1920s, hwever, the peratrs in Prctr’s Theatre in Newark began t set up stands t imprve the ecnmic situatin during the Great Depressin. Ppcrn and Cke wuld becme a significant part f the theatre’s incme.
Prctr’s Theatre, Try, New Yrk
Originally pened as Prctr’s Furth Street Theatre in 1914, it hsted famus cmedians such as Jack Benny and Bb Hpe. Frm 1929, it was successively taken ver, renamed as Prctr’s Try Theatre and switched t screening films. In the 1960s, it began playing secnd-run films befre clsing in 1977. It was listed n the Natinal Register f Histric Places (NRHP) in 1979. In 2010, the theatre was repaired but is currently nt being used tday.
RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre, New Yrk
Originally pened in 1928, RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre was designed by Thmas Lamb. In 1982, it was listed n the NRHP. In 1986, the theatre was bught and clsed by its new wner wh planned t build a shpping centre n the site, intentinally damaging the hall. In 2019, despite the preservatin effrts, the hall was kncked dwn t make way fr a residential twer blck.
Metrplitan Opera Huse, Philadelphia
The theatre was riginally pened as the Philadelphia Opera Huse in 1908. In the 1920s, it was renamed as the Metrplitan Opera Huse, shwing silent films in additin t hsting varius pera cmpanies. In the 1940s, it became a sprts arena. In 1954, it was turned int a church. In the late 1990s, the building was purchased by Mark Hatcher. The church and the develper came t an agreement n a repair fr a music venue that was cmpleted and repened in 2018.
21. In the late 1920s, Prctr’s Theatre in Newark set up stands t ________.
A. shw respect fr the guestsB. increase the theatre’s incme
C. prmte newly released mviesD. cmpete with the street sellers
22. What can we knw frm the passage?
A. RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre is well preserved.
B. Prctr’s Theatre in Try plays secnd-run films nw.
C. Metrplitan Opera Huse has witnessed changes in its functin.
D. Prctr’s Theatre in Newark has been fficially listed n the NRHP.
23. What is the purpse f this passage?
A. T rank the ld and unrestred theatres.
B. T shw the develpment f American theatres.
C. T encurage peple t prtect the ld theatres.
D. T prvide infrmatin n verlked ld theatres.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个被人们忽略的老剧院。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prctr’s Theatre, Newark, New Jersey部分的“In the late 1920s, hwever, the peratrs in Prctr’s Theatre in Newark began t set up stands t imprve the ecnmic situatin during the Great Depressin. Ppcrn and Cke wuld becme a significant part f the theatre’s incme.（然而，在20世纪20年代末，纽瓦克的普罗克特剧院的经营者开始设立摊位，以改善大萧条时期的经济状况。爆米花和可乐将成为剧院收入的重要组成部分）”可知，在20世纪20年Prctr’s Theatre in Newark设立（小吃）摊位是为了增加剧院的收入。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Metrplitan Opera Huse, Philadelphia部分的“In the 1920s, it was renamed as the Metrplitan Opera Huse, shwing silent films in additin t hsting varius pera cmpanies. In the 1940s, it became a sprts arena. In 1954, it was turned int a church. In the late 1990s, the building was purchased by Mark Hatcher. The church and the develper came t an agreement n a repair fr a music venue that was cmpleted and repened in 2018.（在20世纪20年代，它被重新命名为大都会歌剧院，除了主办各种歌剧公司外，还放映无声电影。在20世纪40年代，它变成了一个运动场。1954年，它被改成了教堂。上世纪90年代末，这栋建筑被Mark Hatcher买下。教堂和开发商就音乐场地的修复达成了协议，该场地于2018年完工并重新开放）”可知，Metrplitan Opera Huse从上世纪20年代到本世纪大约100年间几经变化，从歌剧院到运动场，再到教堂，目前它是一个音乐场地，即Metrplitan Opera Huse的功能发生了变化。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Old and unrestred theatres are all arund us and yet s unnticed. A new phtbk unveils their ften verlked beauty.（我们周围到处都是未修复的老剧院，却无人注意。一本新的相册揭示了它们经常被忽视的美）”结合下文对四个老剧院的独特之处的介绍可知，本文的目的是提供一些有关被忽略的旧剧院的资料。故选D。
B
T the untrained eye, a pingpng ball is just a pingpng ball. T a Beverly Cleary fan, it’s tw mtrcycle helmets fr mice.
Ever since I read Cleary’s series abut Ralph, the mtrcycle—riding muse, I’ve never lked at a pingpng ball—r the wrld—the same way. Amazing t think that it’s been mre than frty years since I checked ut The Muse and the Mtrcycle frm my schl library in Nrthprt, and yet that ne particular image is as clear t me as ever.
And why shuldn’t it be? It’s perfect.
Hw I wanted a muse f my wn t ride a ty mtrcycle arund my huse! Thanks t Cleary’s genius, a talking muse friend seemed nt nly pssible but prbable.
While much f children’s literature attempted t explain the wrld frm the pint f view f a wise and gentle adult, Cleary created characters wh saw the wrld as nly children can. With great interest, I read every bk that bre Beverly Cleary’s name. She seemed like a friend wh understd me in ways I didn’t yet understand myself.
I’ve written eight children’s bks and have always kept Beverly’s sense f wnder in mind. I dn’t remember at exactly what age I decided I wanted t write bks, but I knw that by secnd r third grade, my teacher assigned a prject that allwed us t fcus n whatever we wanted. My best friend picked dlphins; I chse children’s authrs, with a large chunk f my prject being abut wh else? Beverly Cleary!
I tld that stry recently t a schl grup. One f the students said, “That’s fantastic! Yu’re yur prject n children’s authrs and then yu became ne!”
“Yes,” I said. “And my best friend wh did her prject n dlphins—became a dlphin!”
“Really?” the students said in chrus.
And that perfectly sums up why I lve writing fr children: the belief that fantastic, magical things can happen. Best friends can becme dlphins; mice can ride ty mtrcycles and becme ur friends.
That’s what Beverly Cleary taught me. In the hands f a gifted stryteller, anything is pssible... and s very funny.
24. The Muse and the Mtrcycle impressed the authr mainly because .
A. it recrded animals’ life
B. it revealed the wisdm f life
C. it encuraged children t raise pets
D. it described the wrld frm children’s eyes
25. When learning the authr’s friend became a dlphin, the students felt________.
A. amazedB. dubtfulC. scaredD. cnfused
26. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. What the authr created t attract children.
B. What the authr did t turn impssible int pssible.
C. Hw Beverly Cleary arused children’s interest in reading.
D. Hw the authr was inspired t be a writer by Beverly Cleary.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者是如何受到贝弗利·克利里的启发成为一名作家的。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Ever since I read Cleary’s series abut Ralph, the mtrcycle—riding muse, I’ve never lked at a pingpng ball—r the wrld—the same way. （自从我读了克利里关于骑摩托车的老鼠拉尔夫的系列小说后，我就再也没有以同样的方式看待过乒乓球——或者世界）”第五段的“While much f children’s literature attempted t explain the wrld frm the pint f view f a wise and gentle adult, Cleary created characters wh saw the wrld as nly children can. With great interest, I read every bk that bre Beverly Cleary’s name.（很多儿童文学作品都试图从一个聪明、温柔的成年人的角度来解释世界，而克利里创作的人物则以只有儿童才能看到的视角来看待世界。带着极大的兴趣，我读了每一本写着贝弗利·克利里名字的书）”可知，The Muse and the Mtrcycle令作者印象深刻是因为它从儿童的视角来描述世界。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第四和第三段““And my best friend wh did her prject n dlphins—became a dlphin!”“Really?” the students said in chrus.（‘我最好的一个做海豚项目的朋友变成了一只海豚!’‘真的吗?’学生们异口同声地说）”推知，当孩子们得知作者的一个朋友变成了海豚时他们感到很惊讶。故选A。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其倒数第六段的“I’ve written eight children’s bks and have always kept Beverly’s sense f wnder in mind.（我已经写了八本儿童读物，并一直将贝弗利的好奇心铭记在心）”和“I chse children’s authrs, with a large chunk f my prject being abut wh else? Beverly Cleary!（我选择了儿童作家，我的项目很大一部分是关于贝弗利·克利里！）”和最后一段“That’s what Beverly Cleary taught me. In the hands f a gifted stryteller, anything is pssible... and s very funny.（这是贝弗利·克利里教我的。在一个有天赋的小说家手中，一切皆有可能，并且非常有趣）”可知，本文主要讲述了作者是如何受到贝弗利·克利里的启发成为一名作家的。故选D。
C
Millins f migratry(迁徙的)birds ccupy seasnally favrable breeding(繁殖)grunds in the Arctic, but scientists knw little abut the frmatin, maintenance and future f the migratin rutes f Arctic birds and the genetic determinants f migratry distance. In a new study, a multinatinal team f researchers under the leadership f Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang frm the Institute f Zlgy f the Chinese Academy f Sciences integrated tw state-f-the-art techniques-satellite tracking and whle genme sequencing(基因排序)-and established a cntinental-scale migratin system f peregrine falcns in Eurasian Arctic.
The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcns frm six Eurasian Arctic breeding ppulatins and sequenced 35 genmes frm fur f these ppulatins t study the migratin f this species. They fund that the birds used five migratin rutes acrss Eurasia, prbably established between the last Ice Age 22, 000 years ag and the middle-Hlcene 6, 000 years ag. “Peregrine falcns initiated their autumn migratin mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in Octber, " said Prfessr Mike Brufrd, an eclgist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcns that depart frm different breeding grunds use different rutes, and winter at widely distributed sites acrss fur distinct regins. Individual birds that were tracked fr mre than ne year exhibited strng path repeatability during migratin, cmplete lyalty t wintering lcatins and limited breeding dispersal(扩散). ”
The researchers quantified the migratin strategies and fund that migratin distance is the mst significant differentiatin. They used whle genme sequencing and fund a gene-ADCY8, which is knwn t be invlved in lng-term memry in ther animals in previus research- assciated with differences in migratry distance. They fund ADCY8 had a variant at high frequency in lng-distance migrant ppulatins f peregrine falcns, indicating this variant is being favrably selected because it may increase pwers f lng-term memry thught t be essential fr lng-distance migratin.
“Previus studies have identified several candidate genmic regins that may regulate migratin-but ur wrk is the strngest demnstratin f a specific gene assciated with migratry behavir yet identified, ”Prfessr Brufrd said. The researchers further lked at mdels f likely future migratin behavir t predict the impact f glbal warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine ppulatins in western Eurasia have the highest prbability f ppulatin decline and may stp migrating altgether.
“Our wrk is the first t begin t understand the way eclgical factrs may interact in migratry birds, ” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hpe it will serve as a crnerstne t help cnserve migratry species in the wrld. ”
27. What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. Five birds’ histrical migratin rutes were rebuilt.
B. Peregrine falcns stick t the areas where they winter.
C. Tw nvel research methds f migratin were invented.
D. Peregrine falcns leave fr Arctic regins in September.
28. What can we infer abut ADCY8?
A. It is a newly-discvered gene in the new study.
B. It serves as a fundamental part f lng-distance migratin.
C. It culd be strengthened by the pwer f lng-term memry.
D. It turned ut t be mre favred by birds than the ther animals.
29. What is special abut the new study?
A. It has discvered a new genmic regin f birds.
B. It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms.
C. It analyses the reasns fr the decrease f peregrine falcns.
D. It encurages attentin t envirnmental effects n migratry birds.
30. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Researchers Help Cnserve Migratry Species
B. Bilgists Find Evidence f Migratin Gene in Birds
C. Hw Lng-term Memry Helps Lng-distance Migratin
D. Hw Eclgical Factrs Affect Birds’ Migratry Distances
【答案】27. B 28. B 29. D 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的科学发现，研究表明，全球变暖对于长途迁徙的鸟类有很大的影响。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Individual birds that were tracked fr mre than ne year exhibited strng path repeatability during migratin, cmplete lyalty t wintering lcatins and limited breeding dispersal(扩散).(追踪超过一年的单个鸟类在迁徙过程中表现出很强的路径重复性，对越冬地点完全忠诚，并限制繁殖扩散。)”可知，它们对自己的越冬地点非常专一。故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“They fund ADCY8 had a variant at high frequency in lng-distance migrant ppulatins f peregrine falcns, indicating this variant is being favrably selected because it may increase pwers f lng-term memry thught t be essential fr lng-distance migratin.(他们发现ADCY8在长途迁徙的游隼种群中有一种高频率的变异，这表明这种变异被有利地选择了，因为它可能增加长期记忆的能力，这被认为是长途迁徙的必要条件。)”可推断，ADCY8是长途迁徙中必不可少的要素。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Our wrk is the first t begin t understand the way eclgical factrs may interact in migratry birds, ” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hpe it will serve as a crnerstne t help cnserve migratry species in the wrld. ”(詹湘江博士说:“我们的工作是第一次开始了解生态因素可能在候鸟中相互作用的方式。”“我们希望它能成为保护世界迁徙物种的基石。”)”可推断，该研究的特别之处是了解了生态因素对候鸟的影响，希望更多的人关注这一点。故选D。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Previus studies have identified several candidate genmic regins that may regulate migratin-but ur wrk is the strngest demnstratin f a specific gene assciated with migratry behavir yet identified(以前的研究已经确定了几个可能调控迁移的候选基因组区域，但我们的工作是迄今为止与迁移行为相关的特定基因的最有力的证明。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究发现证实了鸟类身上存在的迁徙基因。所以“Bilgists Find Evidence f Migratin Gene in Birds(生物学家在鸟类身上发现迁徙基因的证据)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
D
Search “txic parents”, and yu’ll find mre than 38, 000 psts, largely urging yung adults t cut ties with their families. The idea is t safeguard ne’s mental health frm abusive parents. Hwever, as a psychanalyst, I’ve seen that trend in recent years becme a way t manage cnflicts in the family, and I have seen the severe impacts estrangement (疏远) has n bth sides f the divide. This is a self-help trend that creates much harm.
Research by Karl Pillemer, a prfessr at Crnell University, indicates that 1 in 4 American adults have becme estranged frm their families. I believe that’s an undercunt, because thers have stpped shrt f cmpletely cutting ff cntact but have effectively brken the ties.
“Canceling” yur parent can be seen as an extensin f a cultural trend aimed at crrecting imbalances in pwer and systemic inequality. Certainly the family is ne system in which pwer has never been balanced. In 1933, the psychanalyst Sándr Ferenczi warned that even the simple indicatin that smene has mre pwer than we d culd ptentially be damaging.
Tday’s scial justice values respnd t this reality, calling n us t criticize ppressive and harmful figures and t gain pwer fr thse wh have been pwerless. But when adult children use the mst effective tl they have-themselves-t gain a sense f security and ban their parents frm their lives, the rles are simply switched, and the pain nly deepens.
Often, what I see in my practice are cases f family cnflict mismanaged, pwer dynamics turned upside dwn rather than negtiated. I see the terrible effect f that trend; situatins with n winners, nly islated (孤独的) humans wh lng t be knwn and feel safe in the presence f the ther.
The catch is that after estrangement, adult children are nt suddenly less dependent. In fact, they feel abandned and betrayed, because in the uncnscius, it desn’t matter wh is ding the leaving; the feeling that remains is “being left”. They carry the ghsts f their childhd, tackling the emtinal reality that thse wh raised us can never truly be left behind, n matter hw hard we try.
What I have fund is that mst f these families need repair nt permanent break-up. Hw else can ne learn hw t negtiate needs, t create bundaries and t trust? Hw else can we lve thers, and urselves, if nt thrugh accepting the limitatins that cme with being human? Gd relatinships are the result nt f a perfect level f harmny but rather f successful adjustments.
T pursue dialgue instead f estrangement will be hard and painful wrk. It can’t be a single prject f “self-help”, because at the end f the day, real intimacy (亲密关系) is achieved by wrking thrugh the injuries f the past tgether. In mst cases f family cnflict, repair is pssible and preferable t estrangement—and it’s wrth the wrk.
31. Why d yung peple cut ties with the family?
A. T gain an independent life.
B. T restre harmny in the family.
C. T prtect their psychlgical well-being.
D. T fllw a tendency twards scial justice.
32. What des the underlined wrd “catch” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A. Respnse.B. Prblem.C. Operatin.D. Emphasis.
33. T manage family cnflict, the authr agrees that yung adults shuld .
A. break dwn bundariesB. gain pwer within the family
C. live up t their parents’ expectatinsD. accept imperfectin f family members
34. What’s the authr’s purpse f writing the passage?
A. T advcate a self-help trend.B. T justify a cmmn scial value.
C. T argue against a current practice.D. T discuss a means f cmmunicatin.
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了面对家庭冲突或隔阂，相比疏远，修复是更好的方法。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Search “txic parents”, and yu’ll find mre than 38, 000 psts, largely urging yung adults t cut ties with their families. The idea is t safeguard ne’s mental health frm abusive parents.”（搜索“有毒父母”，你会发现有超过38000条帖子，大部分帖子敦促年轻人与家人断绝联系。这个想法是为了保护一个人的心理健康不受父母虐待。）可知，年轻人选择与家庭切断联系是为了保护自己，免于受到心理上的伤害。故选C。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第六段“The catch is that after estrangement, adult children are nt suddenly less dependent. In fact, they feel abandned and betrayed”（_______是，在与家庭疏远后，成年子女并不会突然变得不那么依赖。事实上，他们会感到被抛弃和被背叛。）可知，子女选择与家庭疏远后，产生的结果是：他们感觉到被抛弃和被背叛，这是一种消极负面的影响。因此，划线后是在解释这一名词，即catch表示严重的后果或是问题。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“What I have fund is that mst f these families need repair, nt permanent break-up.”（我发现，大多数这样的家庭需要修复，而不是永久的破裂。）可知，作者建议年轻人去修复家庭关系，而不是疏远。以及“Hw else can we lve thers, and urselves, if nt thrugh accepting the limitatins that cme with being human? Gd relatinships are the result nt f a perfect level f harmny but rather f successful adjustments.”（如果不接受作为人类的局限性，我们还能怎样去爱别人和自己呢?良好的关系不是完美和谐的结果，而是成功调整的结果。）可知，作者这里使用一个反问句的形式，向年轻人建议，要认识到人类的局限性，才能爱家人以及爱自己。即接受家人的不完美，调整自己的心态，对关系进行修复才能得完美和谐的结果。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Search “txic parents”, and yu’ll find mre than 38, 000 psts, largely urging yung adults t cut ties with their families. The idea is t safeguard ne’s mental health frm abusive parents.”（搜索“有毒父母”，你会发现超过38000条帖子，大部分敦促年轻人与家人断绝联系。这个想法是为了保护一个人的心理健康不受父母虐待。）可知，开篇作者先提出一个当下普遍存在的趋势：即年轻人在处理家庭冲突时，选择疏远家庭。以及“Hwever, as a psychanalyst, I’ve seen that trend in recent years becme a way t manage cnflicts in the family, and I have seen the severe impacts estrangement (c) has n bth sides f the divide. This is a self-help trend that creates much harm.”（然而，作为一名精神分析学家，我发现近年来这种趋势已经成为处理家庭冲突的一种方式，我也看到了隔阂对家庭双方的严重影响。这是一种造成很大伤害的自助趋势。）可知，作者紧接着通过转折连词hwever (然后)指出这种疏远的处理方式是错误的，会带来很大的伤害。因此，作者是为了论述与开篇趋势相反的观点。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Pets are like ur family members and their gd health is smething that is very imprtant t all pet wners. Just as the pllutants, such as carbn mnxide (一氧化物) and carbn dixide in the air, affect ur health, these same envirnmental nasties can affect ur pets t.
______35______57% f dgs expsed t higher pllutin levels develped brain diseases and shwed signs f neur prblems. In a mre recent study frm the jurnal f Veterinary Internal Medicine, researchers fund that cats with breathing prblems were mre likely t live in husehlds with higher indr air pllutin.
Air purifiers have been brught int use in recent years. They wrk t remve harmful chemicals knwn as vlatile rganic cmpunds (VOCs) and ther envirnmental pllutants frm the air._____36_____But are they safe fr pets? Hw can we ensure that they aren’t harming ur furry friends?
_____37_____The physical safety f using a mechanical device arund pets is what we have t pay attentin t. Air purifiers cme in varius shapes and sizes, frm small desk-tp units t large, free-standing mdels. In terms f physical harm, there is an existing risk f ur pet becming trapped in the electrical wire f ur air purifier. Air purifiers are designed t be used in the hme arund children and their internal mechanisms shuld als be safe frm small tails f ur pets and ther parts f their bdies. ______38______
Whether the air purifier imprves r damages the health f ur animals is als smething we have t cnsider. The air purifiers are safe fr pets, but nly if they d nt prduce any zne (臭氧) byprduct.____39____We shuld always stay away frm the nes that prduce even minimal quantities. We are always n the safe side by picking a standard air purifier with the classic 3-stage filtratin (过滤) system f a pre-filter, HEPA filter and carbn activated filter.
Picking the wrng air purifier type can quickly make things wrse fr ur pets. On the ther hand, picking the crrect air purifier can lead t a big increase in the quality f life fr them.
A. At present many hmes are equipped with these useful devices.
B. Befre buying an air purifier, we shuld keep tw aspects in mind.
C Pet wners always pay clse attentin t the physical health f their pets.
D. Even the smallest pets shuldn’t be able t access the insides f air purifiers.
E. This greatly depends n the type f air purifier and air cleaning technlgy used.
F. S always check the prduct specificatins and try t find a mdel that des nt prduce any carbn mnxide.
G. A 2008 study published in Brain and Cgnitin shwed that dgs’ brains were negatively affected by the heavy pllutin levels.
【答案】35. G 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，宠物的健康对所有宠物主人来说都非常重要，比如有呼吸问题的猫更可能生活在室内空气污染较高的家庭中，因此选择一款适当的空气净化器很重要，文章就如何确保空气净化器不会伤害我们的宠物做出了说明。
【35题详解】
由下文“57% f dgs expsed t higher pllutin levels develped brain diseases and shwed signs f neur prblems. (57%的狗暴露在高污染水平下，会患上脑部疾病，并表现出神经问题的迹象)”可知，G选项“2008年发表在《大脑与认知》杂志上的一项研究表明，狗的大脑受到严重污染水平的负面影响。”引出高污染对狗大脑的负面影响，承接下文讲狗因高污染会出现脑部疾病问题。故选G项。
【36题详解】
由上文“Air purifiers have been brught int use in recent years. (空气净化器近年来已投入使用)”和下文“But are they safe fr pets? Hw can we ensure that they aren’t harming ur furry friends? (但是它们对宠物安全吗？我们如何确保它们不会伤害我们毛茸茸朋友？)”可知，在空气净化器已投入使用的前提下，人们开始思考它们对于宠物是否安全，说明有些家庭已经使用了这种有用的设备——空气净化器，才会提出下文的疑问，承接上下文，A选项“目前许多家庭都配备了这些有用的设备。”切题。故选A项。
【37题详解】
由上文“But are they safe fr pets? Hw can we ensure that they aren’t harming ur furry friends? (但是它们对宠物安全吗？我们如何确保它们不会伤害我们毛茸茸的朋友？)”，下文第四段“The physical safety f using a mechanical device arund pets is what we have t pay attentin t. (在宠物周围使用机械设备的身体安全是我们必须注意的)”和第五段“Whether the air purifier imprves r damages the health f ur animals is als smething we have t cnsider. (空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康也是我们必须考虑的问题)”可知，下文就上文提到的空气净化器对于宠物是否安全的问题，下文从两个方面入手，确保人们买到合适的空气净化器，承接上下文，B选项“在购买空气净化器之前，我们应该记住两个方面。”切题。故选B项。
【38题详解】
由上文“In terms f physical harm, there is an existing risk f ur pet becming trapped in the electrical wire f ur air purifier. Air purifiers are designed t be used in the hme arund children and their internal mechanisms shuld als be safe frm small tails f ur pets and ther parts f their bdies. (就身体伤害而言，我们的宠物存在被困在空气净化器电线中的风险。空气净化器设计用于有儿童的家庭，其内部机制也应安全，不受我们宠物的小尾巴及其身体其他部位的影响)”可知，空气净化器对宠物有危险，但用于儿童家庭的空气净化器是安全的，不会伤害宠物的小尾巴及其身体其他部位，所以最小的宠物也能免受进入空气净化器的伤害，承接上文，D选项“即使是最小的宠物也不能进入空气净化器的内部。”切题。故选D项。
【39题详解】
由上文“Whether the air purifier imprves r damages the health f ur animals is als smething we have t cnsider. The air purifiers are safe fr pets, but nly if they d nt prduce any zne (臭氧) byprduct. (空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康也是我们必须考虑的问题。空气净化器对宠物是安全的，但前提是它们不会产生任何臭氧副产品)”，下文“We are always n the safe side by picking a standard air purifier with the classic 3-stage filtratin (过滤) system f a pre-filter, HEPA filter and carbn activated filter. (我们总是出于安全考虑，选择了一款标准的空气净化器，该净化器采用经典的三级过滤系统，包括前置过滤器、高效空气过滤器和碳活性过滤器)”和最后一段“Picking the wrng air purifier type can quickly make things wrse fr ur pets. On the ther hand, picking the crrect air purifier can lead t a big increase in the quality f life fr them. (选择错误的空气净化器类型会很快让我们的宠物变得更糟。另一方面，选择正确的空气净化器可以大大提高他们的生活质量)”可知，空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康与空气净化器的空气净化技术和类型相关，承接上下文，E选项“这在很大程度上取决于空气净化器的类型和使用的空气净化技术。”切题，This指代上文“The air purifiers are safe fr pets, but nly if they d nt prduce any zne (臭氧) byprduct”。故选E项。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Yu might nt have heard f the "fresh start effect”, but if yu've ever made a New Year's reslutin, yu're familiar with it. It refers t the human tendency t take actin twards achieving a gal after a special ccasin r key date has passed.
The fresh start effect is simple. Mst peple want t imprve themselves in sme way. When we hit imprtant milestnes, we're ften likely t reflect: are we where we thught we'd be by a certain age? Was this year a successful year, r did we waste it? Annual landmarks like birthdays, r the start f a new year, signify a new time perid and an pprtunity t leave slip-ups behind and t set new gals fr better behavir.
Research shws that anticipatin f a new beginning is a key mtivatr fr the fresh start effect. Fr example, peple aged 29, 39, 49 etc. were 48% mre likely t run a marathn fr the first time. When they were appraching a new decade, they were mre likely t search fr meaning in their lives and try t imprve themselves. The reasn is simple. When we see ur past self as separate frm ur current self, we feel it easier t intrduce new gals and take actin.
What's interesting abut the fresh start effect is that we dn't need t wait fr big milestnes t take advantage f this sudden dse f mtivatin. Studies shw that the first day f each mnth and even each week can als inspire us. These days, knwn as tempral landmarks”, encurage us t step back and evaluate ur current situatin. And when we d this, we gain the mtivatin t be better: we becme mre driven and mre prductive. That is why peple are mre likely t stall diets r exercise plans n Mnday, rather than the next day.
Fresh starts are exciting pprtunities t learn frm yur mistakes and mve frward. S if yu're currently experiencing lss f mtivatin, questining the meaning f yur wrk, r just feel like yu're stuck in a rut, why dn't yu use the fresh start effect in yur wn life?
40. Accrding t the passage, what is "fresh start effect"?
41. Why is it that anticipatin f a new beginning is a key mtivatr fr the fresh start effect?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
> A fresh start like the first day f each week is a time when we frget abut ur mistakes and mve frward.
43. Besides the fresh start effect, in what ther ways d yu mtivate yurself in yur life? (In abut 40 wrds）
【答案】40. It refers t the human tendency t take actin twards achieving a gal after a special ccasin r key date has passed.
41. Because it is easier t intrduce new gals and take actin.
42. A fresh start like the first day f each week is a time when we frget abut ur mistakes and mve frward.
Because resh starts are exciting pprtunities t learn frm yur mistakes and mve frward.
43. In my daily life, I mtivate myself by learning frm idls wh are hard wrking, diligent and strict with themselves. Mdeling myself n them can help me t make prgress and mtivate me nt t give up.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍fresh start effect (新起点效应)，及这个效应对我们生活的帮助。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“It refers t the human tendency t take actin twards achieving a gal after a special ccasin r key date has passed. (它指的是在特殊场合或重要日期过去后，人们采取行动实现目标的倾向)”可知，fresh start effect指的是在特殊场合或重要日期过去后，人们采取行动实现目标的倾向。故答案为It refers t the human tendency t take actin twards achieving a gal after a special ccasin r key date has passed.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“The reasn is simple. When we see ur past self as separate frm ur current self, we feel it easier t intrduce new gals and take actin. (原因很简单。当我们看到过去的自我与现在的自我分离时，我们觉得引入新目标并采取行动更容易)”可知，设置预期更容易引入新目标，更加容易采取动行。故新开始的预期是新开始效应的关键动力的原因是：设置预期更容易引入新目标，更加容易采取动行。故答案为Because it is easier t intrduce new gals and take actin.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Fresh starts are exciting pprtunities t learn frm yur mistakes and mve frward. (重新开始是令人兴奋的机会，可以从错误中吸取教训并向前迈进)”可知，重新开始意味着从错误中吸取教训，而不是忘记错误。故答案为A fresh start like the first day f each week is a time when we frget abut ur mistakes and mve frward. Because resh starts are exciting pprtunities t learn frm yur mistakes and mve frward.
【43题详解】
考查开放性试题。答案为In my daily life, I mtivate myself by learning frm idls wh are hard wrking, diligent and strict with themselves. Mdeling myself n them can help me t make prgress and mtivate me nt t give up.
第二节 写作（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim给你发来邮件，提到他申请2024年巴黎奥运会志愿者落选，请你给他回一封邮件，
内容包括：
1. 表示安慰；
2. 建议以其它方式关注奥运会。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m really srry t hear that yu didn’t make it. It is natural t feel disappinted. Hwever, there is n need t wrry, as there are varius ways t get invlved.
Even if yu can’t cme in persn, yu can lg nt the fficial website r apps t enjy live r recrded bradcasts, which allws yu t fllw the events almst in real time. Als yu can find reprts n everyday life f the athletes in Paris.
What’s mre, the audience are encuraged t share their cmments n scial media while enjying the games. I think it might be interesting t share yur thughts nline and meanwhile interact with bth fans and athletes.
I believe yu will enjy yurself, s have fun in a new way!
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jim回邮件安慰他巴黎奥运会志愿者落选并建议其它方式让他关注奥运会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样的：varius→all kinds f
亲自：in persn→in the flesh
同时：meanwhile→at the same time
玩得开心：have fun→have a gd time
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I’m really srry t hear that yu didn’t make it.
拓展句：Hearing that yu didn’t make it, I am really srry.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Hwever, there is n need t wrry, as there are varius ways t get invlved.（运用了as引导原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]
Even if yu can’t cme in persn, yu can lg nt the fficial website r apps t enjy live r recrded bradcasts, which allws yu t fllw the events almst in real time.（运用了even if引导让步状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句）
2024年4月
（考试时间90分钟 满分100分）
提示：
试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My grandfather was a writer f many bks. As a child and a teenager, I wrte ____1____, trying t be an authr like him.When I ____2____ my first bk, I was nt sure if I shuld thrw it ut t the wrld r shelter it frever. That’s why I went t grandpa that night, my faithful reader, wh nce again gave me tremendus ____3____。
“Did yu bring the bk? I heard yu talk abut it and I can’t wait t see yur ____4____.”
“Oh yeah, the bk. I cmpleted it yesterday,” I handed him the draft, “but I dn’t think it’s that gd...”
He turned t a randm page and ____5____ mre f the pages. “Why d yu think this isn’t gd? It lks fine t me.Very heart-warming.”
“Well, I’m nt sure. It culd be better than it is nw.”
“Yu can’t expect fr the bk t be ____6____. Writing is a skill that takes time. Yu already finished the stry, and nw yu have t ____7____ thers what yu’ve gt.” he passed the bk back t me. “If peple dn’t like it, then write again. Criticism is imprtant, but yu are ging t have t keep n writing till yu are ____8____ with yur wrk.”
“Is that hw yu became a writer?”
“Yes, and every ther writer befre me. Yu have t start frm the ____9____ and then reach the tp.”
I finally brke ut int a smile and he did t. I lked carefully at the bk ne mre time. The pages bund tgether gave me hpe fr the future. That settled it. I was ging t have t _____10_____ myself and let thers see my wrk. Fr me and fr my grandpa.
1. A. fastB. wellC. nnstpD. little
2. A. plishedB. finishedC. deletedD. published
3. A. tasksB. pressureC. rewardsD. inspiratin
4. A. prgressB. styleC. cmmentD. reactin
5. A. cpiedB. wrteC. scannedD. edited
6. A. perfectB. uniqueC. cmplexD. practical
7. A. sendB. shwC. teachD. sell
8. A. cntentB. strictC. patientD. exhausted
9. A. endB. failureC. bttmD. criticism
10. A. give upB. cunt nC. lk afterD. get ver
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者想成为爷爷那样的一位作家，但是在完成第一本书之后不确定是否应该拿给别人看，这时是爷爷给了他巨大的鼓励和启示，让他抛掉顾虑，重拾前行的勇气，继续向前。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我十几岁还是个孩子的时候，我不间断地写，希望成为一个像他那样的作家。A. fast迅速的；B. well健康的；C. nnstp不间断的；D. little小的。根据前文“My grandfather was a writer f many bks.”可知，作者的爷爷是一个作家，所以作者也希望通过不间断地写作最终成为一个作家。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我完成我的第一本书的时候，我不确定我是应该把它扔给世界还是永远保护它。A. plished擦亮；B. finished完成；C. deleted删除；D. published出版。根据后文“I cmpleted it yesterday,”可知，作者已经完成了他的第一本书。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么那天晚上要去找爷爷，我忠实的读者，他又一次给了我巨大的启示。A. tasks任务；B. pressure压力；C. rewards报酬；D. inspiratin启示。根据后文“Why d yu think this isn’t gd? It lks fine t me.Very heart-warming.”可知，爷爷又一次给了我启示。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你把书带来了吗？我听说你说过，我等不及要看你的进展。A. prgress进展；B. style作风；C. cmment评论；D. reactin反应。根据后文“Oh yeah. the bk. I cmpleted it yesterday,”可知，爷爷是要看看作者的书的进展情况。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他转向一个随机的页面并浏览了更多的页面。A. cpied复制；B. wrte写；C. scanned浏览；D. edited编辑。根据后文“Why d yu think this isn’t gd? It lks fine t me.Very heart-warming.”可知，作者的爷爷是在快速翻阅了更多的页面以后对作者的书做了评价。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你不能指望这本书是完美的。A. perfect完美的；B. unique独特的；C. cmplex复杂的；D. practical现实的。根据后文“Writing is a skill that takes time.”可知，爷爷是在告诉作者写作是一个逐渐的过程，不可能一下就能写出完美的书。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你已经完成了这个故事，现在你必须向别人展示你的故事。A. send发送；B. shw展示；C. teach讲授；D. sell出售。根据后文“If peple dn’t like it, then write again.”可知，作品完成之后应该向别人展示，让人去评价。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：批评是很重要的，但是你必须继续写作，直到你对你的工作很满意。A. cntent满意的；B. strict严格的；C. patient耐心的；D. exhausted疲惫不堪的。根据前文“If peple dn’t like it, then write again. ”以及后文“Yu have t start frm the ____9____ and then reach the tp.”可知，继续写作是为了达到最后的满意。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须要从底部开始然后才能到达顶端。A. end结束；B. failure失败；C. bttm底部；D. criticism 批判；指责。根据前文“If peple dn’t like it, then write again. Criticism is imprtant, but yu are ging t have t keep n writing till yu are ____8____ with yur wrk.”以及“Yes, and every ther writer befre me.”可知，每一名作家都需要从最初的不断接受批评到最后的对自己作品满意，即从最底部开始。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我必须要克服自己，让别人看到我的作品。A. give up放弃；B. cunt n指望；C. lk after照顾；D. get ver克服。根据前文“I lked carefully at the bk ne mre time. The pages bund tgether gave me hpe fr the future.That settled it.”可知，作者在爷爷的激励下已经战胜自我，决定继续前行，把自己的作品展示给别人看。故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
“Help, help!” I shuted, swimming twards the bat in desperatin. I ____11____ (sink)! I culdn’t breathe! “Help!” My muth filled with water; I struggled ____12____ being drawn deeper, deeper dwn. Suddenly I felt myself quickly ____13____ (draw) up t the surface f the sea; and I heard these wrds: “If master wuld be s gd as t hld nt my shulder, master wuld swim with much greater ease.” I grabbed my faithful Cnseil’s arm with ne hand.
【答案】11. was sinking
12. against
13. drawn
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章是节选自小说《海底两万里》的片段。
【11题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我快要沉没了！结合“shuted”可知，此处使用过去的时态，表示过去正在进行的动作，使用过去进行时，主语为I，be动词用was。故填was sinking。
【12题详解】
考查介词。句意：我满口是水，挣扎着我挣扎着不让自己越陷越深。struggle against为固定搭配，意为“与……作斗争”。故填against。
13题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：突然，我觉得自己很快就浮上了海面。“feel+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，myself和drawn为逻辑动宾关系，使用过去分词形式。故填drawn。
B
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The successful clning f primates has led t wrldwide praise as a huge breakthrugh that might lead t ____14____ (cure) fr varius diseases and may als ffer clues n hw t prevent the aging prcess. With this technlgy, we have the ptential t raise a large number f mnkeys with identical genes in a shrt amunt f time, and we can even change their genes ____15____ (suit) research needs. This culd help save research time, reduce the number f animals required fr ____16____ (test), prduce mre accurate results, and lead t mre effective treatments.
【答案】14. cures
15. t suit
16. testing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了克隆技术的发展和未来。
【14题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：克隆灵长类动物的成功获得了全世界的赞誉，这是一项巨大的突破，可能会导致治疗各种疾病，也可能为如何防止衰老过程提供线索。空处需填名词作宾语，cure为可数名词，结合“fr varius diseases”可知，此处使用名词复数形式。故填cures。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：有了这项技术，我们有可能在短时间内培养出大量具有相同基因的猴子，我们甚至可以改变它们的基因以适应研究需要。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填t suit。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能有助于节省研究时间，减少试验所需的动物数量，产生更准确的结果，并导致更有效的治疗。介词fr后面接动名词，作宾语。故填testing。
C
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Centuries later, the Great Flu Epidemic f 1918, als called the Spanish Flu, ____17____ (strike) near the end f Wrld War I. Families ____18____ had nly just gt thrugh the war nw had t bury their lved nes wh had died f the disease. As a result f the war, mre peple were travelling and mving perhaps than ever befre in histry and this caused the epidemic t spread wrldwide. Having killed up t 50 millin peple in 18 mnths, the Spanish Flu is believed t have been the____19____ (severe) epidemic in histry. Mre peple died f the flu than died in the war. Initially, many peple believed that such epidemics n lnger psed a threat until very recently ____20____ SARS became a cause fr cncern.
【答案】17. struck
18. wh##that
19. mst severe
20. when
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了历史上的一些流行病。
17题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：几个世纪之后，1918年的流感大流行，也被称为西班牙流感，在第一次世界大战即将结束时爆发。根据“the Great Flu Epidemic f 1918”可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填struck。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：刚刚度过战争的家庭现在不得不埋葬死于这种疾病的亲人。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词families，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh或that引导。故填wh或that。
【19题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：西班牙流感在18个月内导致5000万人死亡，被认为是历史上最严重的流行病。此处修饰名词epidemic需用形容词作定语，此处表示“最严重的”应用mst severe。故填mst severe。
【20题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：起初，许多人认为这种流行病不再构成威胁，直到最近SARS引起了人们的关注。空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，应用when引导。故填when。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Old and unrestred theatres are all arund us and yet s unnticed. A new phtbk unveils their ften verlked beauty.
Prctr’s Theatre, Newark, New Jersey
Althugh available utdrs frm street sellers, fd was banned in theatres t display respectability. In the late 1920s, hwever, the peratrs in Prctr’s Theatre in Newark began t set up stands t imprve the ecnmic situatin during the Great Depressin. Ppcrn and Cke wuld becme a significant part f the theatre’s incme.
Prctr’s Theatre, Try, New Yrk
Originally pened as Prctr’s Furth Street Theatre in 1914, it hsted famus cmedians such as Jack Benny and Bb Hpe. Frm 1929, it was successively taken ver, renamed as Prctr’s Try Theatre and switched t screening films. In the 1960s, it began playing secnd-run films befre clsing in 1977. It was listed n the Natinal Register f Histric Places (NRHP) in 1979. In 2010, the theatre was repaired but is currently nt being used tday.
RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre, New Yrk
Originally pened in 1928, RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre was designed by Thmas Lamb. In 1982, it was listed n the NRHP. In 1986, the theatre was bught and clsed by its new wner wh planned t build a shpping centre n the site, intentinally damaging the hall. In 2019, despite the preservatin effrts, the hall was kncked dwn t make way fr a residential twer blck.
Metrplitan Opera Huse, Philadelphia
The theatre was riginally pened as the Philadelphia Opera Huse in 1908. In the 1920s, it was renamed as the Metrplitan Opera Huse, shwing silent films in additin t hsting varius pera cmpanies. In the 1940s, it became a sprts arena. In 1954, it was turned int a church. In the late 1990s, the building was purchased by Mark Hatcher. The church and the develper came t an agreement n a repair fr a music venue that was cmpleted and repened in 2018.
21. In the late 1920s, Prctr’s Theatre in Newark set up stands t ________.
A. shw respect fr the guestsB. increase the theatre’s incme
C. prmte newly released mviesD. cmpete with the street sellers
22. What can we knw frm the passage?
A. RKO Keith’s Flushing Theatre is well preserved.
B. Prctr’s Theatre in Try plays secnd-run films nw.
C. Metrplitan Opera Huse has witnessed changes in its functin.
D. Prctr’s Theatre in Newark has been fficially listed n the NRHP.
23. What is the purpse f this passage?
A. T rank the ld and unrestred theatres.
B. T shw the develpment f American theatres.
C. T encurage peple t prtect the ld theatres.
D. T prvide infrmatin n verlked ld theatres.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个被人们忽略的老剧院。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prctr’s Theatre, Newark, New Jersey部分的“In the late 1920s, hwever, the peratrs in Prctr’s Theatre in Newark began t set up stands t imprve the ecnmic situatin during the Great Depressin. Ppcrn and Cke wuld becme a significant part f the theatre’s incme.（然而，在20世纪20年代末，纽瓦克的普罗克特剧院的经营者开始设立摊位，以改善大萧条时期的经济状况。爆米花和可乐将成为剧院收入的重要组成部分）”可知，在20世纪20年Prctr’s Theatre in Newark设立（小吃）摊位是为了增加剧院的收入。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Metrplitan Opera Huse, Philadelphia部分的“In the 1920s, it was renamed as the Metrplitan Opera Huse, shwing silent films in additin t hsting varius pera cmpanies. In the 1940s, it became a sprts arena. In 1954, it was turned int a church. In the late 1990s, the building was purchased by Mark Hatcher. The church and the develper came t an agreement n a repair fr a music venue that was cmpleted and repened in 2018.（在20世纪20年代，它被重新命名为大都会歌剧院，除了主办各种歌剧公司外，还放映无声电影。在20世纪40年代，它变成了一个运动场。1954年，它被改成了教堂。上世纪90年代末，这栋建筑被Mark Hatcher买下。教堂和开发商就音乐场地的修复达成了协议，该场地于2018年完工并重新开放）”可知，Metrplitan Opera Huse从上世纪20年代到本世纪大约100年间几经变化，从歌剧院到运动场，再到教堂，目前它是一个音乐场地，即Metrplitan Opera Huse的功能发生了变化。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Old and unrestred theatres are all arund us and yet s unnticed. A new phtbk unveils their ften verlked beauty.（我们周围到处都是未修复的老剧院，却无人注意。一本新的相册揭示了它们经常被忽视的美）”结合下文对四个老剧院的独特之处的介绍可知，本文的目的是提供一些有关被忽略的旧剧院的资料。故选D。
B
T the untrained eye, a pingpng ball is just a pingpng ball. T a Beverly Cleary fan, it’s tw mtrcycle helmets fr mice.
Ever since I read Cleary’s series abut Ralph, the mtrcycle—riding muse, I’ve never lked at a pingpng ball—r the wrld—the same way. Amazing t think that it’s been mre than frty years since I checked ut The Muse and the Mtrcycle frm my schl library in Nrthprt, and yet that ne particular image is as clear t me as ever.
And why shuldn’t it be? It’s perfect.
Hw I wanted a muse f my wn t ride a ty mtrcycle arund my huse! Thanks t Cleary’s genius, a talking muse friend seemed nt nly pssible but prbable.
While much f children’s literature attempted t explain the wrld frm the pint f view f a wise and gentle adult, Cleary created characters wh saw the wrld as nly children can. With great interest, I read every bk that bre Beverly Cleary’s name. She seemed like a friend wh understd me in ways I didn’t yet understand myself.
I’ve written eight children’s bks and have always kept Beverly’s sense f wnder in mind. I dn’t remember at exactly what age I decided I wanted t write bks, but I knw that by secnd r third grade, my teacher assigned a prject that allwed us t fcus n whatever we wanted. My best friend picked dlphins; I chse children’s authrs, with a large chunk f my prject being abut wh else? Beverly Cleary!
I tld that stry recently t a schl grup. One f the students said, “That’s fantastic! Yu’re yur prject n children’s authrs and then yu became ne!”
“Yes,” I said. “And my best friend wh did her prject n dlphins—became a dlphin!”
“Really?” the students said in chrus.
And that perfectly sums up why I lve writing fr children: the belief that fantastic, magical things can happen. Best friends can becme dlphins; mice can ride ty mtrcycles and becme ur friends.
That’s what Beverly Cleary taught me. In the hands f a gifted stryteller, anything is pssible... and s very funny.
24. The Muse and the Mtrcycle impressed the authr mainly because .
A. it recrded animals’ life
B. it revealed the wisdm f life
C. it encuraged children t raise pets
D. it described the wrld frm children’s eyes
25. When learning the authr’s friend became a dlphin, the students felt________.
A. amazedB. dubtfulC. scaredD. cnfused
26. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. What the authr created t attract children.
B. What the authr did t turn impssible int pssible.
C. Hw Beverly Cleary arused children’s interest in reading.
D. Hw the authr was inspired t be a writer by Beverly Cleary.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者是如何受到贝弗利·克利里的启发成为一名作家的。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Ever since I read Cleary’s series abut Ralph, the mtrcycle—riding muse, I’ve never lked at a pingpng ball—r the wrld—the same way. （自从我读了克利里关于骑摩托车的老鼠拉尔夫的系列小说后，我就再也没有以同样的方式看待过乒乓球——或者世界）”第五段的“While much f children’s literature attempted t explain the wrld frm the pint f view f a wise and gentle adult, Cleary created characters wh saw the wrld as nly children can. With great interest, I read every bk that bre Beverly Cleary’s name.（很多儿童文学作品都试图从一个聪明、温柔的成年人的角度来解释世界，而克利里创作的人物则以只有儿童才能看到的视角来看待世界。带着极大的兴趣，我读了每一本写着贝弗利·克利里名字的书）”可知，The Muse and the Mtrcycle令作者印象深刻是因为它从儿童的视角来描述世界。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第四和第三段““And my best friend wh did her prject n dlphins—became a dlphin!”“Really?” the students said in chrus.（‘我最好的一个做海豚项目的朋友变成了一只海豚!’‘真的吗?’学生们异口同声地说）”推知，当孩子们得知作者的一个朋友变成了海豚时他们感到很惊讶。故选A。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其倒数第六段的“I’ve written eight children’s bks and have always kept Beverly’s sense f wnder in mind.（我已经写了八本儿童读物，并一直将贝弗利的好奇心铭记在心）”和“I chse children’s authrs, with a large chunk f my prject being abut wh else? Beverly Cleary!（我选择了儿童作家，我的项目很大一部分是关于贝弗利·克利里！）”和最后一段“That’s what Beverly Cleary taught me. In the hands f a gifted stryteller, anything is pssible... and s very funny.（这是贝弗利·克利里教我的。在一个有天赋的小说家手中，一切皆有可能，并且非常有趣）”可知，本文主要讲述了作者是如何受到贝弗利·克利里的启发成为一名作家的。故选D。
C
Millins f migratry(迁徙的)birds ccupy seasnally favrable breeding(繁殖)grunds in the Arctic, but scientists knw little abut the frmatin, maintenance and future f the migratin rutes f Arctic birds and the genetic determinants f migratry distance. In a new study, a multinatinal team f researchers under the leadership f Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang frm the Institute f Zlgy f the Chinese Academy f Sciences integrated tw state-f-the-art techniques-satellite tracking and whle genme sequencing(基因排序)-and established a cntinental-scale migratin system f peregrine falcns in Eurasian Arctic.
The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcns frm six Eurasian Arctic breeding ppulatins and sequenced 35 genmes frm fur f these ppulatins t study the migratin f this species. They fund that the birds used five migratin rutes acrss Eurasia, prbably established between the last Ice Age 22, 000 years ag and the middle-Hlcene 6, 000 years ag. “Peregrine falcns initiated their autumn migratin mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in Octber, " said Prfessr Mike Brufrd, an eclgist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcns that depart frm different breeding grunds use different rutes, and winter at widely distributed sites acrss fur distinct regins. Individual birds that were tracked fr mre than ne year exhibited strng path repeatability during migratin, cmplete lyalty t wintering lcatins and limited breeding dispersal(扩散). ”
The researchers quantified the migratin strategies and fund that migratin distance is the mst significant differentiatin. They used whle genme sequencing and fund a gene-ADCY8, which is knwn t be invlved in lng-term memry in ther animals in previus research- assciated with differences in migratry distance. They fund ADCY8 had a variant at high frequency in lng-distance migrant ppulatins f peregrine falcns, indicating this variant is being favrably selected because it may increase pwers f lng-term memry thught t be essential fr lng-distance migratin.
“Previus studies have identified several candidate genmic regins that may regulate migratin-but ur wrk is the strngest demnstratin f a specific gene assciated with migratry behavir yet identified, ”Prfessr Brufrd said. The researchers further lked at mdels f likely future migratin behavir t predict the impact f glbal warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine ppulatins in western Eurasia have the highest prbability f ppulatin decline and may stp migrating altgether.
“Our wrk is the first t begin t understand the way eclgical factrs may interact in migratry birds, ” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hpe it will serve as a crnerstne t help cnserve migratry species in the wrld. ”
27. What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. Five birds’ histrical migratin rutes were rebuilt.
B. Peregrine falcns stick t the areas where they winter.
C. Tw nvel research methds f migratin were invented.
D. Peregrine falcns leave fr Arctic regins in September.
28. What can we infer abut ADCY8?
A. It is a newly-discvered gene in the new study.
B. It serves as a fundamental part f lng-distance migratin.
C. It culd be strengthened by the pwer f lng-term memry.
D. It turned ut t be mre favred by birds than the ther animals.
29. What is special abut the new study?
A. It has discvered a new genmic regin f birds.
B. It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms.
C. It analyses the reasns fr the decrease f peregrine falcns.
D. It encurages attentin t envirnmental effects n migratry birds.
30. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Researchers Help Cnserve Migratry Species
B. Bilgists Find Evidence f Migratin Gene in Birds
C. Hw Lng-term Memry Helps Lng-distance Migratin
D. Hw Eclgical Factrs Affect Birds’ Migratry Distances
【答案】27. B 28. B 29. D 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的科学发现，研究表明，全球变暖对于长途迁徙的鸟类有很大的影响。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Individual birds that were tracked fr mre than ne year exhibited strng path repeatability during migratin, cmplete lyalty t wintering lcatins and limited breeding dispersal(扩散).(追踪超过一年的单个鸟类在迁徙过程中表现出很强的路径重复性，对越冬地点完全忠诚，并限制繁殖扩散。)”可知，它们对自己的越冬地点非常专一。故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“They fund ADCY8 had a variant at high frequency in lng-distance migrant ppulatins f peregrine falcns, indicating this variant is being favrably selected because it may increase pwers f lng-term memry thught t be essential fr lng-distance migratin.(他们发现ADCY8在长途迁徙的游隼种群中有一种高频率的变异，这表明这种变异被有利地选择了，因为它可能增加长期记忆的能力，这被认为是长途迁徙的必要条件。)”可推断，ADCY8是长途迁徙中必不可少的要素。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Our wrk is the first t begin t understand the way eclgical factrs may interact in migratry birds, ” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hpe it will serve as a crnerstne t help cnserve migratry species in the wrld. ”(詹湘江博士说:“我们的工作是第一次开始了解生态因素可能在候鸟中相互作用的方式。”“我们希望它能成为保护世界迁徙物种的基石。”)”可推断，该研究的特别之处是了解了生态因素对候鸟的影响，希望更多的人关注这一点。故选D。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Previus studies have identified several candidate genmic regins that may regulate migratin-but ur wrk is the strngest demnstratin f a specific gene assciated with migratry behavir yet identified(以前的研究已经确定了几个可能调控迁移的候选基因组区域，但我们的工作是迄今为止与迁移行为相关的特定基因的最有力的证明。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究发现证实了鸟类身上存在的迁徙基因。所以“Bilgists Find Evidence f Migratin Gene in Birds(生物学家在鸟类身上发现迁徙基因的证据)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
D
Search “txic parents”, and yu’ll find mre than 38, 000 psts, largely urging yung adults t cut ties with their families. The idea is t safeguard ne’s mental health frm abusive parents. Hwever, as a psychanalyst, I’ve seen that trend in recent years becme a way t manage cnflicts in the family, and I have seen the severe impacts estrangement (疏远) has n bth sides f the divide. This is a self-help trend that creates much harm.
Research by Karl Pillemer, a prfessr at Crnell University, indicates that 1 in 4 American adults have becme estranged frm their families. I believe that’s an undercunt, because thers have stpped shrt f cmpletely cutting ff cntact but have effectively brken the ties.
“Canceling” yur parent can be seen as an extensin f a cultural trend aimed at crrecting imbalances in pwer and systemic inequality. Certainly the family is ne system in which pwer has never been balanced. In 1933, the psychanalyst Sándr Ferenczi warned that even the simple indicatin that smene has mre pwer than we d culd ptentially be damaging.
Tday’s scial justice values respnd t this reality, calling n us t criticize ppressive and harmful figures and t gain pwer fr thse wh have been pwerless. But when adult children use the mst effective tl they have-themselves-t gain a sense f security and ban their parents frm their lives, the rles are simply switched, and the pain nly deepens.
Often, what I see in my practice are cases f family cnflict mismanaged, pwer dynamics turned upside dwn rather than negtiated. I see the terrible effect f that trend; situatins with n winners, nly islated (孤独的) humans wh lng t be knwn and feel safe in the presence f the ther.
The catch is that after estrangement, adult children are nt suddenly less dependent. In fact, they feel abandned and betrayed, because in the uncnscius, it desn’t matter wh is ding the leaving; the feeling that remains is “being left”. They carry the ghsts f their childhd, tackling the emtinal reality that thse wh raised us can never truly be left behind, n matter hw hard we try.
What I have fund is that mst f these families need repair nt permanent break-up. Hw else can ne learn hw t negtiate needs, t create bundaries and t trust? Hw else can we lve thers, and urselves, if nt thrugh accepting the limitatins that cme with being human? Gd relatinships are the result nt f a perfect level f harmny but rather f successful adjustments.
T pursue dialgue instead f estrangement will be hard and painful wrk. It can’t be a single prject f “self-help”, because at the end f the day, real intimacy (亲密关系) is achieved by wrking thrugh the injuries f the past tgether. In mst cases f family cnflict, repair is pssible and preferable t estrangement—and it’s wrth the wrk.
31. Why d yung peple cut ties with the family?
A. T gain an independent life.
B. T restre harmny in the family.
C. T prtect their psychlgical well-being.
D. T fllw a tendency twards scial justice.
32. What des the underlined wrd “catch” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A. Respnse.B. Prblem.C. Operatin.D. Emphasis.
33. T manage family cnflict, the authr agrees that yung adults shuld .
A. break dwn bundariesB. gain pwer within the family
C. live up t their parents’ expectatinsD. accept imperfectin f family members
34. What’s the authr’s purpse f writing the passage?
A. T advcate a self-help trend.B. T justify a cmmn scial value.
C. T argue against a current practice.D. T discuss a means f cmmunicatin.
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了面对家庭冲突或隔阂，相比疏远，修复是更好的方法。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Search “txic parents”, and yu’ll find mre than 38, 000 psts, largely urging yung adults t cut ties with their families. The idea is t safeguard ne’s mental health frm abusive parents.”（搜索“有毒父母”，你会发现有超过38000条帖子，大部分帖子敦促年轻人与家人断绝联系。这个想法是为了保护一个人的心理健康不受父母虐待。）可知，年轻人选择与家庭切断联系是为了保护自己，免于受到心理上的伤害。故选C。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第六段“The catch is that after estrangement, adult children are nt suddenly less dependent. In fact, they feel abandned and betrayed”（_______是，在与家庭疏远后，成年子女并不会突然变得不那么依赖。事实上，他们会感到被抛弃和被背叛。）可知，子女选择与家庭疏远后，产生的结果是：他们感觉到被抛弃和被背叛，这是一种消极负面的影响。因此，划线后是在解释这一名词，即catch表示严重的后果或是问题。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“What I have fund is that mst f these families need repair, nt permanent break-up.”（我发现，大多数这样的家庭需要修复，而不是永久的破裂。）可知，作者建议年轻人去修复家庭关系，而不是疏远。以及“Hw else can we lve thers, and urselves, if nt thrugh accepting the limitatins that cme with being human? Gd relatinships are the result nt f a perfect level f harmny but rather f successful adjustments.”（如果不接受作为人类的局限性，我们还能怎样去爱别人和自己呢?良好的关系不是完美和谐的结果，而是成功调整的结果。）可知，作者这里使用一个反问句的形式，向年轻人建议，要认识到人类的局限性，才能爱家人以及爱自己。即接受家人的不完美，调整自己的心态，对关系进行修复才能得完美和谐的结果。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Search “txic parents”, and yu’ll find mre than 38, 000 psts, largely urging yung adults t cut ties with their families. The idea is t safeguard ne’s mental health frm abusive parents.”（搜索“有毒父母”，你会发现超过38000条帖子，大部分敦促年轻人与家人断绝联系。这个想法是为了保护一个人的心理健康不受父母虐待。）可知，开篇作者先提出一个当下普遍存在的趋势：即年轻人在处理家庭冲突时，选择疏远家庭。以及“Hwever, as a psychanalyst, I’ve seen that trend in recent years becme a way t manage cnflicts in the family, and I have seen the severe impacts estrangement (c) has n bth sides f the divide. This is a self-help trend that creates much harm.”（然而，作为一名精神分析学家，我发现近年来这种趋势已经成为处理家庭冲突的一种方式，我也看到了隔阂对家庭双方的严重影响。这是一种造成很大伤害的自助趋势。）可知，作者紧接着通过转折连词hwever (然后)指出这种疏远的处理方式是错误的，会带来很大的伤害。因此，作者是为了论述与开篇趋势相反的观点。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Pets are like ur family members and their gd health is smething that is very imprtant t all pet wners. Just as the pllutants, such as carbn mnxide (一氧化物) and carbn dixide in the air, affect ur health, these same envirnmental nasties can affect ur pets t.
______35______57% f dgs expsed t higher pllutin levels develped brain diseases and shwed signs f neur prblems. In a mre recent study frm the jurnal f Veterinary Internal Medicine, researchers fund that cats with breathing prblems were mre likely t live in husehlds with higher indr air pllutin.
Air purifiers have been brught int use in recent years. They wrk t remve harmful chemicals knwn as vlatile rganic cmpunds (VOCs) and ther envirnmental pllutants frm the air._____36_____But are they safe fr pets? Hw can we ensure that they aren’t harming ur furry friends?
_____37_____The physical safety f using a mechanical device arund pets is what we have t pay attentin t. Air purifiers cme in varius shapes and sizes, frm small desk-tp units t large, free-standing mdels. In terms f physical harm, there is an existing risk f ur pet becming trapped in the electrical wire f ur air purifier. Air purifiers are designed t be used in the hme arund children and their internal mechanisms shuld als be safe frm small tails f ur pets and ther parts f their bdies. ______38______
Whether the air purifier imprves r damages the health f ur animals is als smething we have t cnsider. The air purifiers are safe fr pets, but nly if they d nt prduce any zne (臭氧) byprduct.____39____We shuld always stay away frm the nes that prduce even minimal quantities. We are always n the safe side by picking a standard air purifier with the classic 3-stage filtratin (过滤) system f a pre-filter, HEPA filter and carbn activated filter.
Picking the wrng air purifier type can quickly make things wrse fr ur pets. On the ther hand, picking the crrect air purifier can lead t a big increase in the quality f life fr them.
A. At present many hmes are equipped with these useful devices.
B. Befre buying an air purifier, we shuld keep tw aspects in mind.
C Pet wners always pay clse attentin t the physical health f their pets.
D. Even the smallest pets shuldn’t be able t access the insides f air purifiers.
E. This greatly depends n the type f air purifier and air cleaning technlgy used.
F. S always check the prduct specificatins and try t find a mdel that des nt prduce any carbn mnxide.
G. A 2008 study published in Brain and Cgnitin shwed that dgs’ brains were negatively affected by the heavy pllutin levels.
【答案】35. G 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，宠物的健康对所有宠物主人来说都非常重要，比如有呼吸问题的猫更可能生活在室内空气污染较高的家庭中，因此选择一款适当的空气净化器很重要，文章就如何确保空气净化器不会伤害我们的宠物做出了说明。
【35题详解】
由下文“57% f dgs expsed t higher pllutin levels develped brain diseases and shwed signs f neur prblems. (57%的狗暴露在高污染水平下，会患上脑部疾病，并表现出神经问题的迹象)”可知，G选项“2008年发表在《大脑与认知》杂志上的一项研究表明，狗的大脑受到严重污染水平的负面影响。”引出高污染对狗大脑的负面影响，承接下文讲狗因高污染会出现脑部疾病问题。故选G项。
【36题详解】
由上文“Air purifiers have been brught int use in recent years. (空气净化器近年来已投入使用)”和下文“But are they safe fr pets? Hw can we ensure that they aren’t harming ur furry friends? (但是它们对宠物安全吗？我们如何确保它们不会伤害我们毛茸茸朋友？)”可知，在空气净化器已投入使用的前提下，人们开始思考它们对于宠物是否安全，说明有些家庭已经使用了这种有用的设备——空气净化器，才会提出下文的疑问，承接上下文，A选项“目前许多家庭都配备了这些有用的设备。”切题。故选A项。
【37题详解】
由上文“But are they safe fr pets? Hw can we ensure that they aren’t harming ur furry friends? (但是它们对宠物安全吗？我们如何确保它们不会伤害我们毛茸茸的朋友？)”，下文第四段“The physical safety f using a mechanical device arund pets is what we have t pay attentin t. (在宠物周围使用机械设备的身体安全是我们必须注意的)”和第五段“Whether the air purifier imprves r damages the health f ur animals is als smething we have t cnsider. (空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康也是我们必须考虑的问题)”可知，下文就上文提到的空气净化器对于宠物是否安全的问题，下文从两个方面入手，确保人们买到合适的空气净化器，承接上下文，B选项“在购买空气净化器之前，我们应该记住两个方面。”切题。故选B项。
【38题详解】
由上文“In terms f physical harm, there is an existing risk f ur pet becming trapped in the electrical wire f ur air purifier. Air purifiers are designed t be used in the hme arund children and their internal mechanisms shuld als be safe frm small tails f ur pets and ther parts f their bdies. (就身体伤害而言，我们的宠物存在被困在空气净化器电线中的风险。空气净化器设计用于有儿童的家庭，其内部机制也应安全，不受我们宠物的小尾巴及其身体其他部位的影响)”可知，空气净化器对宠物有危险，但用于儿童家庭的空气净化器是安全的，不会伤害宠物的小尾巴及其身体其他部位，所以最小的宠物也能免受进入空气净化器的伤害，承接上文，D选项“即使是最小的宠物也不能进入空气净化器的内部。”切题。故选D项。
【39题详解】
由上文“Whether the air purifier imprves r damages the health f ur animals is als smething we have t cnsider. The air purifiers are safe fr pets, but nly if they d nt prduce any zne (臭氧) byprduct. (空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康也是我们必须考虑的问题。空气净化器对宠物是安全的，但前提是它们不会产生任何臭氧副产品)”，下文“We are always n the safe side by picking a standard air purifier with the classic 3-stage filtratin (过滤) system f a pre-filter, HEPA filter and carbn activated filter. (我们总是出于安全考虑，选择了一款标准的空气净化器，该净化器采用经典的三级过滤系统，包括前置过滤器、高效空气过滤器和碳活性过滤器)”和最后一段“Picking the wrng air purifier type can quickly make things wrse fr ur pets. On the ther hand, picking the crrect air purifier can lead t a big increase in the quality f life fr them. (选择错误的空气净化器类型会很快让我们的宠物变得更糟。另一方面，选择正确的空气净化器可以大大提高他们的生活质量)”可知，空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康与空气净化器的空气净化技术和类型相关，承接上下文，E选项“这在很大程度上取决于空气净化器的类型和使用的空气净化技术。”切题，This指代上文“The air purifiers are safe fr pets, but nly if they d nt prduce any zne (臭氧) byprduct”。故选E项。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Yu might nt have heard f the "fresh start effect”, but if yu've ever made a New Year's reslutin, yu're familiar with it. It refers t the human tendency t take actin twards achieving a gal after a special ccasin r key date has passed.
The fresh start effect is simple. Mst peple want t imprve themselves in sme way. When we hit imprtant milestnes, we're ften likely t reflect: are we where we thught we'd be by a certain age? Was this year a successful year, r did we waste it? Annual landmarks like birthdays, r the start f a new year, signify a new time perid and an pprtunity t leave slip-ups behind and t set new gals fr better behavir.
Research shws that anticipatin f a new beginning is a key mtivatr fr the fresh start effect. Fr example, peple aged 29, 39, 49 etc. were 48% mre likely t run a marathn fr the first time. When they were appraching a new decade, they were mre likely t search fr meaning in their lives and try t imprve themselves. The reasn is simple. When we see ur past self as separate frm ur current self, we feel it easier t intrduce new gals and take actin.
What's interesting abut the fresh start effect is that we dn't need t wait fr big milestnes t take advantage f this sudden dse f mtivatin. Studies shw that the first day f each mnth and even each week can als inspire us. These days, knwn as tempral landmarks”, encurage us t step back and evaluate ur current situatin. And when we d this, we gain the mtivatin t be better: we becme mre driven and mre prductive. That is why peple are mre likely t stall diets r exercise plans n Mnday, rather than the next day.
Fresh starts are exciting pprtunities t learn frm yur mistakes and mve frward. S if yu're currently experiencing lss f mtivatin, questining the meaning f yur wrk, r just feel like yu're stuck in a rut, why dn't yu use the fresh start effect in yur wn life?
40. Accrding t the passage, what is "fresh start effect"?
41. Why is it that anticipatin f a new beginning is a key mtivatr fr the fresh start effect?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
> A fresh start like the first day f each week is a time when we frget abut ur mistakes and mve frward.
43. Besides the fresh start effect, in what ther ways d yu mtivate yurself in yur life? (In abut 40 wrds）
【答案】40. It refers t the human tendency t take actin twards achieving a gal after a special ccasin r key date has passed.
41. Because it is easier t intrduce new gals and take actin.
42. A fresh start like the first day f each week is a time when we frget abut ur mistakes and mve frward.
Because resh starts are exciting pprtunities t learn frm yur mistakes and mve frward.
43. In my daily life, I mtivate myself by learning frm idls wh are hard wrking, diligent and strict with themselves. Mdeling myself n them can help me t make prgress and mtivate me nt t give up.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍fresh start effect (新起点效应)，及这个效应对我们生活的帮助。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“It refers t the human tendency t take actin twards achieving a gal after a special ccasin r key date has passed. (它指的是在特殊场合或重要日期过去后，人们采取行动实现目标的倾向)”可知，fresh start effect指的是在特殊场合或重要日期过去后，人们采取行动实现目标的倾向。故答案为It refers t the human tendency t take actin twards achieving a gal after a special ccasin r key date has passed.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“The reasn is simple. When we see ur past self as separate frm ur current self, we feel it easier t intrduce new gals and take actin. (原因很简单。当我们看到过去的自我与现在的自我分离时，我们觉得引入新目标并采取行动更容易)”可知，设置预期更容易引入新目标，更加容易采取动行。故新开始的预期是新开始效应的关键动力的原因是：设置预期更容易引入新目标，更加容易采取动行。故答案为Because it is easier t intrduce new gals and take actin.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Fresh starts are exciting pprtunities t learn frm yur mistakes and mve frward. (重新开始是令人兴奋的机会，可以从错误中吸取教训并向前迈进)”可知，重新开始意味着从错误中吸取教训，而不是忘记错误。故答案为A fresh start like the first day f each week is a time when we frget abut ur mistakes and mve frward. Because resh starts are exciting pprtunities t learn frm yur mistakes and mve frward.
【43题详解】
考查开放性试题。答案为In my daily life, I mtivate myself by learning frm idls wh are hard wrking, diligent and strict with themselves. Mdeling myself n them can help me t make prgress and mtivate me nt t give up.
第二节 写作（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim给你发来邮件，提到他申请2024年巴黎奥运会志愿者落选，请你给他回一封邮件，
内容包括：
1. 表示安慰；
2. 建议以其它方式关注奥运会。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m really srry t hear that yu didn’t make it. It is natural t feel disappinted. Hwever, there is n need t wrry, as there are varius ways t get invlved.
Even if yu can’t cme in persn, yu can lg nt the fficial website r apps t enjy live r recrded bradcasts, which allws yu t fllw the events almst in real time. Als yu can find reprts n everyday life f the athletes in Paris.
What’s mre, the audience are encuraged t share their cmments n scial media while enjying the games. I think it might be interesting t share yur thughts nline and meanwhile interact with bth fans and athletes.
I believe yu will enjy yurself, s have fun in a new way!
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jim回邮件安慰他巴黎奥运会志愿者落选并建议其它方式让他关注奥运会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样的：varius→all kinds f
亲自：in persn→in the flesh
同时：meanwhile→at the same time
玩得开心：have fun→have a gd time
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I’m really srry t hear that yu didn’t make it.
拓展句：Hearing that yu didn’t make it, I am really srry.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Hwever, there is n need t wrry, as there are varius ways t get invlved.（运用了as引导原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]
Even if yu can’t cme in persn, yu can lg nt the fficial website r apps t enjy live r recrded bradcasts, which allws yu t fllw the events almst in real time.（运用了even if引导让步状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句）
相关试卷
重庆市璧山中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份重庆市璧山中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析），文件包含重庆市璧山中学校2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题含听力Word版含解析docx、重庆市璧山中学校2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题含听力Word版无答案docx、1mp3、10mp3、2mp3、3mp3、4mp3、5mp3、6mp3、7mp3、8mp3、9mp3等12份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
辽宁省实验中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份辽宁省实验中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析），共41页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
重庆市巴蜀中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份重庆市巴蜀中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析），共34页。
