重庆市西南大学附属中学2024届高三下学期全真模拟集训（一）英语试题（Word版附解析）

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(满分：150分;考试时间：120分钟)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers ding nw?
A. Discussing a painting. B. Admiring a view. C. Ding a breath exercise.
2. Where are the speakers mst prbably?
A. In a restaurant B. On the plane. C. In the classrm.
3. What des the man think f the wman?
A. She lks s pretty. B. She is a little lazy. C. She is t nervus.
4. What des the man intend t d?
A Start a new jb. B. Build up his vcabulary. C. Finish a practice bk.
5. In which cuntry is it OK t shw up late?
A. Italy. B. Switzerland. C. Germany.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the fictin Anther Reality abut?
A. Kids’ discvery. B. A respectful scientist. C. Space Travel.
7. What is the authr famus fr?
A. Humrus language. B. Cmplex ideas. C. Mving stries.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What is the matter with the car?
A. It is making a nise. B. It is running ut f gas. C. Its radi desn’t wrk.
9. Why did the man suggest stpping at the gas statin?
A. T refuel the car. B. T ask fr directins. C. T check his car.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What interests the man mst?
A. Chinese histry. B. Chinese pera. C. Chinese music.
11. Why des the man learn Chinese petry and nvels?
A. T develp a new interest in Chinese literature.
B. T take part in a cmpetitin n Chinese culture.
C. T get a better understanding f Chinese pera.
12. What impresses the man abut Chinese literature?
A. Imaginatin. B. Language. C. Develpment.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Hw des the man feel abut playing a game?
A. Stressed. B. Curius. C. Relaxed.
14. What sprt des the wman mst like t watch?
A. Ftball. B. Basketball. C. Ice hckey.
15. What des the man advise the wman t d?
A. D sme sprts. B. Watch mre matches. C. Make new friends.
16. Why des the man suggest jining a gym?
A. It is easier t start. B. It needs mre skills. C. It is cmpetitive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mst prbably?
A. A dctr. B. An engineer. C. A guide.
18. What feels pain if ne has a headache?
A. The muscle. B. The bld. C. The brain.
19. Hw much f the energy des the brain ften need t supprt a kid’s grwth?
A. Abut 3%. B. Less than 30%. C. Nearly 50%.
20. Why can sme blind peple “see” thrugh their ears?
A. Their brain can change eyes int ears.
B. Their brain can rewire itself fr sunds.
C. Their brain can help ears t get simple images.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Lnely Planet’s Tp Places t G in 2024
Are yu lking fr inspiratin fr yur next travel destinatin? Lnely Planet has published its yearly list f tp places t g. Whether yu’re lking fr adventure, culture, r value, there’s smething fr every type f traveler. Let’s explre the. tp picks fr travel destinatins in 2024.
Tp City: Nairbi
Nairbi, the Kenyan capital, was chsen fr its unique music and dance culture, and impressive lcal restaurants. Nairbi Natinal Park, just a shrt drive ut f the city’s central business district, is a must-see, where visitrs can see ver-400 species wandering the pen grass plains while skyscrapers twinkle n the hrizn.
Tp Cuntry: Mnglia
Mnglia is lved fr its wide-pen spaces, adventure activities, and unique fd. The Mnglian gvernment has annunced 2023 thrugh. 2025: as: the “Years t Visit Mnglia“, easing entry cnditins fr internatinal travelers and imprving public facilities, including a new $ 650 millin airprt.
Tp Sustainable Travel Destinatin: Spain
The publisher als recmmended Spain fr the cuntry’s effrts t expand renewable energy, t develp ff-seasn travel, and t bring turism t new destinatins, such as the prt city f Valencia, easing pressures n ht spts such as Barcelna.
Tp Best-Value Lcatin: The American Midwest
The American Midwest, including the cities f Chicag and Detrit, is als n the list, as it ffers a high-quality travel experience at a reasnable cst. Visitrs can enjy excellent services and facilities. such as ld warehuses transfrmed int art studis, new ec-design htels, and Michelin-starred restaurants, withut having t spend t much mney.
Tp Beach Destinatin: Dnegal
Dnegal Ireland’s mst nrthwestern cunty, has the cuntry’s lngest castline and ver 100 beaches, where visitrs can enjy the highest sea cliffs in Eurpe and miles f beautiful castal hiking trails.
1. What can peple d in Nairbi Natinal Park?
A. Enjy adventure activities.B. Taste lcal delicius cuisine.
C. See varius wild animals.D. Appreciate musical perfrmances.
2. Why is The American Midwest cnsidered t be the Best-Value Lcatin?
A. It has simplified entry prcedures.B. It ffers cst-effective experiences.
C. It cmbines art with natural scenery.D. It prvides gd transprtatin services.
3. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T entertain.B. T analyse.C. T infrm.D. T reprt.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四个2024年最佳旅游目的地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tp City: Nairbi部分中“Nairbi Natinal Park, just a shrt drive ut f the city’s central business district, is a must-see, where visitrs can see ver-400 species wandering the pen grass plains while skyscrapers twinkle n the hrizn.(内罗毕国家公园，离城市的中央商务区只有很短的车程，是一个不容错过的地方，在那里游客可以看到400多种野生动物在开阔的草原上游荡，摩天大楼在地平线上闪闪发光)”可知，在内罗毕国家公园，人们可以看到各种不同种类的野生动物。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tp Best-Value Lcatin: The American Midwest部分中“The American Midwest, including the cities f Chicag and Detrit, is als n the list, as it ffers a high-quality travel experience at a reasnable cst.(包括芝加哥和底特律在内的美国中西部城市也榜上有名，因为它以合理的成本提供了高质量的旅行体验)”可知，美国中西部被认为是最有价值的地方是因为它提供了高性价比的旅行体验。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Are yu lking fr inspiratin fr yur next travel destinatin? Lnely Planet has published its yearly list f tp places t g. Whether yu’re lking fr adventure, culture, r value, there’s smething fr every type f traveler. Let’s explre the. tp picks fr travel destinatins in 2024.(你在为下一个旅游目的地寻找灵感吗?《孤独星球》日前公布了年度最佳旅游目的地榜单。无论你是在寻找冒险、文化还是价值，都有适合每种类型的旅行者的东西。让我们来探索一下。2024年旅游目的地的最佳选择)”可知，本文的主要目的是介绍了四个2024年最佳旅游目的地，也就是告知读者。故选C项。
B
It all started with a simple questin: “Can I paint yur prtrait?”
One day in the summer f 2015, Petersn was relaxing in his living rm, reading the bk Lve Des, abut the pwer f lve in actin, when his quiet was disturbed by a hmeless man utside his apartment. Inspired by the bk’s cmpassinate message, Petersn made a decisin; He was ging t g utside and intrduce himself.
In that first cnversatin, Petersn learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He’d mved t Suthern Califrnia frm Kentucky t pursue a career in music, but he sn fell n hard times and ended up living n the street fr mre than a decade. “I saw beauty n the face f a man wh hadn’t shaved in prbably a year, because his stry, the life inside f him, inspired me,” Petersn recalled. Therefre, Petersn asked if he culd paint Faris’s prtrait. Faris agreed.
Petersn’s cnnectin with Faris led him t frm Faces f Santa Ana, a nnprfit rganizatin fcused n befriending and painting prtraits f members f the cmmunity wh are unhused. Petersn sells the paintings fr mney, splitting the prceeds and putting half int a “lve accunt” fr his mdel. He then helps peple use the mney t get back n their feet.
Many f Petersn’s new friends use the dnatins t secure immediate necessities — medical care, htel rms, fd. Faris used the funds frm his prtrait t recrd an album, fulfilling his musical dreams. Anther subject, Kimberly Sndval, had never been able t financially supprt her daughter. She asked, “Can I use the mney t pay my daughter’s rent?” When the check was delivered, “They bth wept in my arms,” Petersn recalls.
Petersn has painted 41 f these prtraits himself. But there’s mre t the finished prducts than the mney they bring t smene wh’s dwn and ut. He’s discvered that the buyers tend t cnnect t the stry f the persn in the painting, finding similarities and ften friendship with smene they might have therwise verlked r steretyped.
“Peple ften tell me, ‘I was the ne that wuld crss the street, but I see hmeless peple differently nw,’” Petersn says. “I didn’t knw that wuld happen.”
4. What made Petersn start a cnversatin?
A. The curisity abut strangers.B. The tuching stry f Matt Faris.
C. The disturbance by a hmeless man.D. The sympathetic message in Lve Des.
5. What d we knw abut Faces f Santa Ana?
A. It pays the hmeless salaries.
B. It is an fficial nnprfit rganizatin.
C. It tries t restre the lives f Petersn’s mdels.
D. It spends all the mney n helping the unhused.
6. After buying a prtrait, a buyer might view the hmeless as ________.
A. lazy and prB. dd but inspiring
C. disturbing and untidyD. pitiful but respectable
7. Which f the fllwing is the best title f this text?
A. Art with Purpse: Lve Accunt Matters
B. Hpe in Paintings: Help Knws N Race
C. Faces f Cmpassin: Painting a New Perspective
D. Encunter with Strangers: Embracing New Friends
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述Petersn与无家可归者Matt Faris的相遇以及后续创立Faces f Santa Ana组织的故事，展示了Petersn如何通过绘画帮助那些生活困难的人，并改变了人们对待无家可归者的态度。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“One day in the summer f 2015, Petersn was relaxing in his living rm, reading the bk Lve Des, abut the pwer f lve in actin, when his quiet was disturbed by a hmeless man utside his apartment. Inspired by the bk’s cmpassinate message, Petersn made a decisin; He was ging t g utside and intrduce himself.(2015年夏天的一天，彼得森正在客厅里放松，读着《爱的力量》(Lve Des)这本书，这本书讲述了爱在行动中的力量，这时他的安静被公寓外的一个无家可归的人打破了。受到书中富有同情心的信息的启发，彼得森做出了一个决定；他要到外面去做自我介绍)”可知，Lve Des中的同情信息让彼得森开始谈话。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Petersn’s cnnectin with Faris led him t frm Faces f Santa Ana, a nnprfit rganizatin fcused n befriending and painting prtraits f members f the cmmunity wh are unhused.(彼得森与法里斯的联系促使他成立了Faces f Santa Ana，这是一个非营利组织，专注于帮助无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像)”可知，Faces f Santa Ana是一个非营利组织。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Petersn has painted 41 f these prtraits himself. But there’s mre t the finished prducts than the mney they bring t smene wh’s dwn and ut. He’s discvered that the buyers tend t cnnect t the stry f the persn in the painting, finding similarities and ften friendship with smene they might have therwise verlked r steretyped.(彼得森自己画了41幅这样的肖像。但成品带给落魄之人的不仅仅是金钱。他发现，买家倾向于与画中人物的故事联系起来，找到相似之处，往往与他们可能被忽视或刻板印象的人建立友谊)”可知。在买了一幅肖像后，买家之前是忽视无家可归的人，现在会和他们建立友谊，所以会把无家可归者视为可怜但可敬的人。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Petersn’s cnnect in with Faris led him t frm Faces f Santa Ana, a nnprfit rganizatin fcused n befriending and painting prtraits f members f the cmmunity wh are unhused. Petersn sells the paintings fr mney, splitting the prceeds and putting half int a “lve accunt” fr his mdel. He then helps peple use the mney t get back n their feet.(彼得森与法里斯的联系促使他成立了Faces f Santa Ana，这是一个非营利组织，专注于帮助无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像。彼得森把这些画卖掉赚钱，分成一半存入模特的“爱情账户”。然后，他帮助人们用这笔钱重新站起来)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了Petersn如何通过绘画帮助那些生活困难的人，并改变了人们对待无家可归者的态度，所以C项“Faces f Cmpassin: Painting a New Perspective(同情的面孔：画一个新的视角)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。
C
Native wild hrses in Nrth America went extinct 10,000 years ag.In the 16th century, Eurpean settlers brught dmesticated (驯化了的) hrses t this cntinent,and their ppulatin multiplied.Sme peple cnsider them as a reintrduced native species,while thers see them as invasive pests that damage ecsystems.Tday there are mre wild hrses in the American West than the land can supprt,and the gvernment has t cntrl their numbers thrugh birth-cntrl vaccines and ccasinal but cntrversial killings.
Hwever,Erick Lundgren,a pstdc at Aarhus University,ntes that large plant-eaters play a crucial rle in the ecsystem,where grass and shrubs are either cnsumed by animals r burned. Therefre,reintrducing extinct plant-eating mammals,like wild hrses in this case, culd ptentially reduce the ccurrence f fires.He advcates taking them ff the rang-elands (牧场),where they’re hated fr cmpeting with cattle fr fd,and strategically placing them where they can d what they d best and benefit the envirnment.
Althugh cnservatinists generally prefer native rganisms t restre ecsystems, nn-native species can fill in the eclgical gaps left by extinct animals.A lt f research still lks at hw bad invasive species are fr the envirnment,but that’s nt the nly pssibility. Fr example,Australian saltwater crcdiles that were nearly extinct in the 1970s are nw a species f“least cncern”,thanks t the invasive pigs they’ve cme t feast n.
“Peple will prtest that a species desn’t belng here.But the wrd ‘belng’isn’t science;it’s nativism.”Lundgren said.Many f the areas we cnsider“wilderness”tday were eclgic created by native peple wh pruned (修剪) plants and watched ver cntrlled burns.“We’re changing the planet quickly yet refusing t let the living beings n it change with it.”he said.If we take away the issue f belnging and cnsciusly assign the nn-native species a rle t play,what we’re left with is a wilder and mre diverse wrld.
8. What d we knw abut wild hrses in Nrth America tday?
A. Their ppulatin grws rapidly.
B. They are native t the cntinent.
C. Their living spaces are narrwing.
D. They are prtected frm being killed.
9. Hw culd we use wild hrses t cntrl wildfires?
A. Leave them undisturbed.
B. Remve them frm rang-elands.
C. Prmte their reprductive rate.
D. Utilize their grass-eating nature.
10. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. The value f nn-native animals.
B. The effrts in ecsystem restratin.
C. The need fr prtecting native species.
D. The imprtance f preserving bidiversity.
11. What des the last paragraph suggest ding?
A. Reducing human impact n nature.
B. Frbidding invasin f new species.
C. Staying pen t nn-native animals.
D. Returning animals t native habitats.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章通过控制北美野马数量的方式来告诉我们，对于外来物种要保持开放性的态度，它们也是利于生态修复的。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“In the 16th century, Eurpean settlers brught dmesticated(驯化了的)hrses t this cntinent,and their ppulatin multiplied.(16世纪，欧洲殖民者把驯养的马带到了这个大陆，马的数量成倍增加)”和“Tday there are mre wild hrses in the American West than the land can supprt,and the gvernment has t cntrl their numbers thrugh birth-cntrl vaccines and ccasinal but cntrversial killings.(如今，美国西部的野马数量已经超过了土地所能承受的范围，政府不得不通过避孕疫苗和偶尔有争议的杀戮来控制它们的数量)”可知，如今北美野马的数量增长迅速。故选A项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Hwever,Erick Lundgren,a pstdc at Aarhus University,ntes that large plant-eaters play a crucial rle in the ecsystem,where grass and shrubs are either cnsumed by animals r burned.(然而，奥胡斯大学的博士后埃里克·伦德格伦指出，大型食草动物在生态系统中扮演着至关重要的角色，在那里，草和灌木要么被动物吃掉，要么被烧掉)”和“He advcates taking them ff the rang-elands(牧场),where they’re hated fr cmpeting with cattle fr fd,and strategically placing them where they can d what they d best and benefit the envirnment.(他主张把它们从牧场上赶出去，因为在那里它们因与牛争夺食物而受到憎恨，并战略性地把它们安置在它们能做得最好的地方，并有益于环境)”可知，可以利用野马吃草的本性来控制火灾。故选D项。
3. 主旨大意题。第三段第一句话是中心句，“Althugh cnservatinists generally prefer native rganisms t restre ecsystems,nn-native species can fill in the eclgical gaps left by extinct animals.(虽然环保主义者普遍认为应该利用本地物种来修复生态，非本地物种可以填补灭绝动物留下的生态空白)”及后文举例可知，本段说明了非本地动物的价值。如果外来物种作用发挥得当，是可以有利于生态修复的。故选A项。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Many f the areas we cnsider“wilderness”tday were eclgic created by native peple wh pruned(修剪)plants and watched ver cntrlled burns.“We’re changing the planet quickly yet refusing t let the living beings n it change with it.”he said.If we take away the issue f belnging and cnsciusly assign the nn-native species a rle t play,what we’re left with is a wilder and mre diverse wrld.(许多我们今天认为的“荒野”地区都是由当地人修剪植物和监督控制燃烧的生态创造的。“我们正在迅速改变地球，却拒绝让地球上的生物跟着改变。”他说。如果我们抛开归属的问题，有意识地给非本地物种分配一个角色，我们剩下的是一个更狂野、更多样化的世界)”可知，文章最后一段告诉我们对于外来物种要保持开放性的态度，不能一概否定。故选C项。
D
Researchers have discvered the ldest black hle ever bserved, dating frm the dawn f the universe, and fund that it is “eating” its hst galaxy t death.
The internatinal team, led by the University f Cambridge, used the James Webb Space Telescpe (JWST) t detect the black hle, which dates frm 400 millin years after the big bang. The results, which lead authr Prfessr Rbert Mailin says are “a giant leap frward”, are reprted in the jurnal Nature.
This surprisingly massive black hle even exists s early in the universe challenges ur assumptins abut hw black hles frm and grw. The size f this newly-discvered black hle suggests that they might frm in ther ways: they might be ‘brn big’ r they can eat matter at a rate that’s five times higher than had been thught pssible. Like all black hles, this yung black hle devurs material frm its hst galaxy t fuel its grwth.
Accrding t standard mdels, supermassive black hles frm frm the remains f dead stars, which cllapse and may frm a black hle abut a hundred times the mass f the Sun. If it grew in an expected way, this newly-detected black hle wuld take abut a billin years t grw t its bserved size. Hwever, the universe was nt yet a billin years ld when this black hle was detected.
The yung hst galaxy, called GN-z11, is a cmpact galaxy, abut ne hundred times smaller than the Milky Way, but the black hle is likely harming its develpment. When black hles cnsume t much gas, it pushes the gas away like an ultra-fast wind. This “wind” culd stp the prcess f star frmatin, slwly killing the galaxy, but it will als kill the black hle itself, as it wuld cut ff the black hle’s surce f “fd”.
Mailin says that the gigantic leap frward prvided by JWST makes this the mst exciting time in his career. “It’s a new era: the giant leap is like upgrading frm Galile’s telescpe t a mdern telescpe vernight,” he said. “The universe has been quite generus in what it’s shwing us, and this is just the beginning.”
12. What des the underlined wrd “devurs” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Changes.B. Swallws.C. Observes.D. Frms.
13. Accrding t Paragraph 5, why is GN-z11 likely t be harmed?
A. Because the hst galaxy is t small.
B. Because the black hle is killing itself.
C. Because the “wind” ceases star frmatin.
D. Because black hles prduce t much gas.
14. What is Mailin’s attitude t the new discvery abut the black hle?
A. Favrable.B. Intlerant.C. Dubtful.D. Ambiguus.
15. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. The black hle tk a billin years t achieve its size.
B. Supermassive black hles are assumed t frm vernight.
C. The new discvery f the hst galaxy is a giant leap frward.
D. The hst galaxy and the black hle can be destryed by the “wind”.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述研究人员发现了迄今为止观测到的最古老的黑洞，可以追溯到宇宙诞生之初，并发现它正在“吞噬”它的宿主星系至死。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“and fund that it is ‘eating’ its hst galaxy t death (并发现它正在‘吞噬’它的宿主星系至死)”以及划线词前“Like all black hles (像所有的黑洞一样)”可知，最古老的黑洞正在吞噬它的宿主星系至死，由此可知，划线词所在句意为“像所有的黑洞一样，这个年轻的黑洞正在吞噬来自宿主星系的物质来促进它的成长”，devurs与上文的“eating”同义，意为“吞噬”，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When black hles cnsume t much gas, it pushes the gas away like an ultra-fast wind. This ‘wind’ culd stp the prcess f star frmatin, slwly killing the galaxy (当黑洞消耗太多气体时，它会像超高速风一样将气体推开。这种‘风’可以阻止恒星形成的过程，慢慢地杀死星系)”可知，黑洞会损害GN-z11星系，是因为“风”会阻止恒星的形成，慢慢地杀死星系，故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mailin says that the gigantic leap frward prvided by JWST makes this the mst exciting time in his career. ‘It’s a new era: the giant leap is like upgrading frm Galile’s telescpe t a mdern telescpe vernight,’ he said. (Mailin说，JWST提供的巨大飞跃使这成为他职业生涯中最激动人心的时刻。‘这是一个新时代：这次的巨大飞跃就像一夜之间从伽利略的望远镜升级到现代望远镜，’他说。)”可知，Mailin对有关黑洞的新发现持支持态度，故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“This ‘wind’ culd stp the prcess f star frmatin, slwly killing the galaxy, but it will als kill the black hle itself, as it wuld cut ff the black hle’s surce f ‘fd’. (这种‘风’可以阻止恒星形成的过程，慢慢地杀死星系，但它也会杀死黑洞本身，因为它也会切断黑洞的‘食物’来源。)”可知，宿主星系和黑洞可以被“风”摧毁。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Bring a Friendship Back
Whether frm lifestyle adjustment cnflict, r the develpment f different interests, everyne sees a friendship fade frm time t time. Maybe yu’ve cme arund and want t see an ld disagreement slved. ____16____ Frtunately, there are clear and cnstructive steps yu can take t indicate yur interest in recnnecting and begin the prcess f bringing a friendship back.
Take the first step.
____17____ If yu want t recnnect, make yurself available and invite yur friend t meet with yu. Phne call r an email is quick, easy, and respectful way t cnvey yur interest in speaking r spending time tgether.
____18____
The depth f yur previus friendship, and the degree t which yu’ve grwn apart are imprtant factrs(因素) when cnsidering hw yu shuld apprach an ld friend. Fr example, if yu simply haven’t seen r spken with smene in a while, reach ut casually. A message n an nline media platfrm that yu bth use may wrk.
Dn’t wrry abut hw lng it’s been.
Dn’t feel as thugh yur friendship has ended r becme less imprtant. Friendships ften change when peple get married, mve, r have kids. If yu’re missing an ld friend, there’s a gd chance yur friend misses yu as well. ____19____
Be persistent(坚持不懈的), but nt ver-eager.
If yur friend desn’t respnd, yu can try t cnvey yur hpes t recnnect again. ____20____ Allw time in between cntact. If they simply dn’t respnd, accept the fact that they may nt be ready r willing t recnnect at present.
A. Dn’t rush thugh.
B. Reach ut in the tight way.
C. Dn’t wait fr yur friend t reach ut.
D. It is always apprpriate t try t recnnect.
E. The mre persnal apprach will indicate yur interest in recnnecting.
F Maybe yu simply want t reduce the distance between yu and an ld friend.
G. Take care nt t make them feel as thugh they are under pressure t respnd.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。无论是生活方式的调整、冲突，还是不同兴趣的发展，每个人都会看到友谊的淡薄。就此文章主要说明了一些明确而有建设性的步骤来帮助人们找回友谊。
【16题详解】
根据上文Maybe yu’ve cme arund and want t see an ld disagreement slved.可知，也许你已经改变了想法，希望看到以前的分歧得到解决。由此可知，本句承接上文继续说明友谊变淡薄的一些原因，上文中Maybe可对应到F选项中Maybe yu，形成句式上的一致。故F项Maybe yu simply want t reduce the distance between yu and an ld friend.(也许你只是想减少你和老朋友之间的距离)符合上下文语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据本段小标题Take the first step.可知，迈出第一步，以及后文If yu want t recnnect, make yurself available and invite yur friend t meet with yu.可知，如果你想重新联系，给自己腾出时间，并邀请你的朋友与你见面。由此可知，本段是在说明要主动踏出第一步，和朋友联系，而不是等着朋友来找自己。故C项Dn’t wait fr yur friend t reach ut.(不要等着你的朋友来找你)符合上下文语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文Fr example, if yu simply haven't seen r spken with smene in a while, reach ut casually.可知，如果你有一段时间没见过某人或没跟他说过话，那就随意地联系一下。由此可知，本段是在强调和失去联系的朋友重新获得联系时，不要着急，先试着随意地联系一下。故A项Dn’t rush thugh.(不要着急)概括本段文意，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文Dn’t feel as thugh yur friendship has ended r becme less imprtant. Friendships ften change when peple get married, mve, r have-kids. If yu're missing an ld friend, there’s a gd chance yur friend misses yu as well.可知，不要觉得你的友谊已经结束或变得不那么重要了。当人们结婚、搬家或有了孩子后，友谊往往会改变。如果你想念一个老朋友，那么你的朋友也很可能想念你。由此可知，本段在说明不要觉得友谊已经结束或变得不那么重要了，因为你想念一个老朋友，那么你的朋友也很可能想念你，重新和他们取得联系总是合适的。故D项It is always apprpriate t try t recnnect.(尝试重新联系总是合适的)符合本段文意，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据后文If they simply dn’t respnd, accept the fact that they may nt be ready r willing t recnnect at present.可知，如果他们只是没有回应，那就接受这样一个事实：他们目前可能还没有准备好或者不愿意重新联系。由此可知，重新和朋友取得联系注意不要让他们觉得很有压力，在压力下做出反应。后文中respnd可对应到G选项中they are under pressure t respnd。故G项Take care nt t make them feel as thugh they are under pressure t respnd.(注意不要让他们觉得他们在压力下做出反应)符合本段文意，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fr a little girl grwing up in Clmbia in the 1980s, a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting ft n a faraway planet. ___21___, Diana Trujill has made it — she is a(n) ___22___ nw, leading a 45-persn team that’s respnsible fr the rbtic arm f the latest Mars rver. Brn in 1983, even as a yung girl, Diana was certain f her passin fr science. When she was 17, her dad ffered t send her t Miami, Flrida t study Aerspace Engineering. Withut any ___23___, she fllwed her dad’s ___24___. Arriving in the U.S. with just $300, Trujill had t ___25___ thrugh schl by ding a series f husekeeping jbs. The ___26___ was definitely nt easy, but Trujill never cmplained.
Then came anther ___27___ mment fr Trujill. One f her prfessrs casually mentined an astrnaut they were acquainted with. ___28___ she was “just ne persn away frm knwing an astrnaut” was all it tk t ___29___ Trujill’s career gals. S she ____30____ her studies in space science and ____31____ became the first Hispanic (拉丁裔的) wman t be admitted t the NASA Academy in 2007. Since then, Trujill has wrn many hats at America’s space agency.
But Diana hasn’t ____32____ there. She als leads by example, ____33____ wmen t pursue careers in STEM fields. Her wn stry is a ____34____ that just beynd that barrier lies an entire universe f pprtunities waiting fr anyne willing t wrk hard enugh t ____35____ the stars.
21. A. TherefreB. InsteadC. HweverD. Mrever
22. A. astrnautB. engineerC. piltD. dctr
23. A. hesitatinB. cmplaintC. expectatinD. prmise
24. A. cmmandB. ftstepC. requestD. suggestin
25. A. gB. passC. struggleD. push
26. A. missinB. careerC. adventureD. prcess
27. A. risk-takingB. life-changingC. time-cnsumingD. energy-saving
28. A. RealizingB. RememberingC. ImaginingD. Assuming
29. A. recrdB. shareC. inspireD. finish
30. A. startedB. abandnedC. suspendedD. cntinued
31 A. immediatelyB. eventuallyC. graduallyD. suddenly
32. A. leftB. succeededC. stppedD. reached
33. A. encuragingB. prmisingC. allwingD. persuading
34. A. symblB. nticeC. warningD. reminder
35. A. stare atB. reach frC. lng frD. cme after
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了哥伦比亚长大的Diana Trujill克服重重困难，成为了美国宇航局的一名工程师，领导着团队负责火星探测器的机械臂的故事。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，Diana Trujill做到了——她现在是一名工程师，领导着一个45人的团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. Therefre因此；B. Instead相反；C. Hwever然而；D. Mrever此外。根据上文“Fr a little girl grwing up in Clmbia in the 1980s, a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting ft n a faraway planet.”和下文“Diana Trujill has made it”可知，对于Diana Trujill这样身份的女性来说，在美国宇航局从事科学事业是不可及的事情，但她却做到了，上下文构成转折关系，应用Hwever“然而”衔接。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Diana Trujill做到了——她现在是一名工程师，领导着一个45人的团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. astrnaut宇航员；B. engineer工程师；C. pilt飞行员；D. dctr医生。根据下文“leading a 45-persn team that’s respnsible fr the rbtic arm f the latest Mars rver”“t study Aerspace Engineering”可知，Diana Trujill领导着团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂，而且学的是航空航天工程，因此她应该是一名工程师。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她毫不犹豫地听从了父亲的建议。A. hesitatin犹豫；B. cmplaint抱怨；C. expectatin期望；D. prmise承诺。根据上文“Brn in 1983, even as a yung girl, Diana was certain f her passin fr science.”可知，还是个小女孩的时候，Diana就对科学充满了热情，因此她会毫不犹豫地接受父亲提出的想法，固定短语withut hesitatin意为“毫不犹豫地”。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她毫不犹豫地听从了父亲的建议。A. cmmand命令；B. ftstep脚步；C. request请求；D. suggestin建议。根据上文“her dad ffered t send her t Miami, Flrida t study Aerspace Engineering”可知，此处指父亲提出的送她去学习航空航天工程的建议。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：刚到美国时身上只有300美元，Trujill不得不通过做一系列家政工作来艰难地完成学业。A. g去；B. pass通过；C. struggle挣扎；D. push推动。根据上文“with just $300”和“by ding a series f husekeeping jbs”可知，Trujill当时经济比较困难，得做很多家政工作来赚钱，由此可知，她是艰难地完成了学业，固定短语struggle thrugh意为“艰难地度过”。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个过程绝对不容易，但Trujill从不抱怨。A. missin任务；B. career职业；C. adventure冒险；D. prcess过程。根据上文“Arriving in the U.S. with just $300, Trujill had t ___5___ thrugh schl by ding a series f husekeeping jbs.”可知，此处指Trujill通过打工赚钱来完成学业的过程。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接着，Trujill又经历了另一个改变人生的时刻。A. risk-taking冒险的；B. life-changing改变人生的；C. time-cnsuming耗时的；D. energy-saving节能的。根据下文“___8___ she was “just ne persn away frm knwing an astrnaut” was all it tk t ___9___ Trujill’s career gals.”可知，Trujill由此更坚定地追求自己的职业目标，因此是经历了另一个改变人生的时刻。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到自己“离认识宇航员只有一个人的距离”，这激励了Trujill的职业目标。A. Realizing意识到；B. Remembering记住；C. Imagining想象；D. Assuming假定。根据上文“One f her prfessrs casually mentined an astrnaut they were acquainted with.”和下文“she was “just ne persn away frm knwing an astrnaut””可推知，教授不经意提到的事情让她意识到了自己离认识宇航员其实很近。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到自己“离认识宇航员只有一个人的距离”，这激励了Trujill的职业目标。A. recrd记录；B. share分享；C. inspire激励；D. finish完成。根据上文“she was “just ne persn away frm knwing an astrnaut””可知，自己离认识宇航员其实很近这样的想法会激励Trujill的职业目标，让她继续努力学习。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她继续学习空间科学，并最终在2007年成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。A. started开始；B. abandned放弃；C. suspended暂停；D. cntinued继续。根据上文“t study Aerspace Engineering”和下文“became the first Hispanic (拉丁裔的) wman t be admitted t the NASA Academy in 2007”可知，Trujill一开始学的就是空间科学相关的专业，后来她真的被美国宇航局学院录取了，因此她是继续学习这个专业。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，她继续学习空间科学，并最终在2007年成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。A. immediately立即地；B. eventually最终地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. suddenly突然地。根据上文叙述的Trujill克服经济困难，努力完成学业，以及在教授不经意提到的事情的启发下，继续学习可推知，此处指这个过程的结局是她最终成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Diana并没有就此止步。A. left离开；B. succeeded成功；C. stpped停止；D. reached到达。根据下文“She als leads by example”可知，Diana还做了其他的事情，因此是并没有就此停止。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还以身作则，鼓励女性在STEM领域从事工作。A. encuraging鼓励；B. prmising承诺；C. allwing允许；D. persuading劝说。根据上文“She als leads by example”可知，Diana在以身作则，因此是通过自己的故事来鼓励女性在STEM领域从事工作。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她自己的故事提醒我们，在这个障碍之外，整个宇宙的机会都在等待着任何愿意努力工作去摘星星的人。A. symbl象征；B. ntice通知；C. warning警告；D. reminder提醒。根据上文叙述的在哥伦比亚长大的Diana Trujill克服重重困难，成为了美国宇航局的一名工程师可推知，她的故事给予我们的是正面的提醒，告诉我们努力可以助力实现梦想。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她自己的故事提醒我们，在这个障碍之外，整个宇宙的机会都在等待着任何愿意努力工作去摘星星的人。A. stare at盯着；B. reach fr伸手够；C. lng fr渴望；D. cme after跟随。根据上文“lies an entire universe f pprtunities waiting fr anyne willing t wrk hard enugh t”可推知，此处是用Trujill追寻太空梦的故事激励追寻梦想的人，想要伸手去够星星的人，只要努力工作，就有大量的机会实现梦想。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tai Hang, a mdern-lking neighbrhd in Hng Kng, is hme t the Tai Hang Fire Dragn Dance, a flk art frm that____36____ (perfrm) during the Mid-Autumn Festival fr ver 100 years.____37____started as a way t rid this fishing village f bad luck has becme a cultural treasure.
The dragn is abut 70 meters lng and weighs mre than 200 punds, with its bdy____38____(wrap) with pearl grass. Mre than 70,000 incense sticks (香柱) are lit and strung alng the dragn’s back and head t make the “fire” f the fire dragn. At the festival, hundreds f peple wrk____39____turn t parade the burning dragn thrugh the streets f Tai Hang. The____40____(strng) man amng the grup has____41____hnr f supprting the 30-kilgram head. Dzens f perfrmers____42____(mve) the dragn smthly up and dwn thrugh the air attract runds f cheers and____43____(applaud) frm surrunding crwds.
The inheritrs f the dragn dance have set up wrkshps____44____(demnstrate) varius aspects f the traditinal art frm the making techniques t basic dance skills. In June, 2022, the Hng Kng Tai Hang Fire Dragn Museum was pened____45____it inspires mre peple t learn mre abut this traditinal dance culture.
【答案】36. has been perfrmed
37. What 38. wrapped 39. in
40. strngest
41. the 42. mving
43. applause
44. t demnstrate
45. and
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了香港大坑火龙舞的相关信息。
【36题详解】
考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：大坑是香港一个现代化的社区，是大坑火龙舞的故乡，这是一种民间艺术形式，已经在中秋节表演了100多年。由fr ver 100 years可知，句子时态用现在完成时，火龙舞是被表演，因此空格处用现在完成时的被动语态，主语that指代的先行词a flk art frm是单数，因此空格处是has been perfrmed。故填has been perfrmed。
【37题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：一开始是为了摆脱这个渔村的厄运，现在已经成为一种文化财富。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“一开始是为了摆脱这个渔村的厄运，现在已经成为一种文化财富”，因此空格处用what引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这条龙长约70米，重达200多磅，全身包裹着珍珠草。空格处是with复合结构，bdy和wrap之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词wrapped表被动，故填wrapped。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：在节日期间，数百人轮流在大坑的街道上游行燃烧的龙。in turn是固定短语，意为“轮流”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。
【40题详解】
考查最高级。句意：这群人中最强壮人有幸支撑着30公斤的头。空前有定冠词the，空格处用最高级strngest，故填strngest。
【41题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：这群人中最强壮的人有幸支撑着30公斤的头。have the hnr f ding sth.是固定短语，意为“有幸做某事”，因此空格处用定冠词the，故填the。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：数十名表演者在空中平稳地上下移动龙，吸引了周围人群的欢呼声和掌声。句中谓语是attract，空格处用非谓语动词，perfrmers和mve之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词mving表主动。故填mving。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：数十名表演者在空中平稳地上下移动龙，吸引了周围人群的欢呼声和掌声。空格处用名词作宾语，句子表示“数十名表演者在空中平稳地上下移动龙，吸引了周围人群的欢呼声和掌声”，空格处意为“掌声”，applaud的名词是applause，是不可数名词，故填applause。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：舞龙的传承人已经建立了工作坊来展示传统艺术的各个方面，从制作技巧到基本的舞蹈技巧。根据语境可知，句子表示“舞龙的传承人已经建立了工作坊来展示传统艺术的各个方面”，因此空格处用不定式t demnstrate表目的，故填t demnstrate。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：2022年6月，香港大坑火龙博物馆开馆，它让更多的人了解这一传统舞蹈文化。根据语境可知，句子表示“香港大坑火龙博物馆开馆，它让更多的人了解这一传统舞蹈文化”，前后两句话之间是承接关系，因此空格处用and表承接，故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 党的二十大(the 20th CPC Natinal Cngress)报告指出，要建设全民终身学习的学习型社会和学习型大国。请你根据这一会议精神，写一篇演讲稿，题为“Be a Lifelng Learner”，内容包括：
1. 终身学习重要性;
2. 如何终身学习。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Be a Lifelng Learner
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【答案】One pssible versin:
Be a Lifelng Learner
The reprt by the 20th CPC Natinal Cngress has pinted ut we are living in a remarkable time which is calling us t break new grund and display full talents. Hw t achieve ur greatest ptential? Here is the answer: be a lifelng learner.
Lifelng learning is the best educatin. Fr ne thing, ur times are changing in ways like never befre. T better cpe with them, we are suppsed t embrace new technlgy and learn new knwledge. Fr anther, learning is a gd way t remain vigrus and stay yung. Abve all, it helps us t be adapting t changes. There are varius ways t achieve lifelng learning. Pst-schl training, nline curses and interest grups are all available in ur time.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇题为“Be a Lifelng Learner”的演讲稿，响应全民终身学习的号召。
【详解】1.词汇积累
非凡的：extrardinary→remarkable
显示：shw→display
好的：nice→gd
方法：methd→way
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Lifelng learning is the best educatin.
拓展句：Lifelng learning is the best educatin, which is beneficial t ur life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The reprt by the 20th CPC Natinal Cngress has pinted ut we are living in a remarkable time which is calling us t break new grund and display full talents. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】T better cpe with them, we are suppsed t embrace new technlgy and learn new knwledge. (运用了非谓语动词不定式作目的状语)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的文章。
On the first day f schl, I stared in awe at the huge buildings. This high schl was definitely bigger than the ne I had previusly attended.
This was my secnd year f high schl, but my first year f schl in St. Luis. I had decided the night befre that I wuld be much happier in a new schl if I made friends that were s-called “ppular”. Getting in with the right grup f peple wuld make my life a whle lt better. I even bught a new utfit and had my hair styled just s the first day wuld be perfect.
Scared, yet anxius t begin my new life, I walked up the stairs t the frnt dr. The halls were packed with kids yelling and laughing and telling stries f their summer adventures. My first class was gemetry, but where was that?
I was standing in the hall lking cnfused, when a shrt, blnd girl wearing glasses came up and asked, “Are yu new? Yu lk lst. D yu need help? My name is Diane. What’s yurs?” Even thugh she seemed a bit strange, definitely nt the kind f persn I wanted t be assciated with, I decided t answer her anyway. I was, after all, lst.
After exchanging names. I fllwed her up the stairs and dwn a hallway n the right, making plite cnversatin the whle way. When we reached my rm she said, “Well, here yu are. Welcme t JFK, and I hpe yur day ges all right.”
I said thanks and waved gd-bye. Once inside the classrm, I saw ne big grup f peple huddled arund smene wh seemed t be telling sme srt f stry. I walked ver and gt clse enugh t verhear. All eyes were glued t the guy in the middle f the circle wh was wearing a letter jacket cvered with patches. I decided that this guy was ppular, s I managed t get a seat right next t him. I said, “Hi, my name is Lisa and I’m new here.” He said, “Jhnny.”
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置答题。
At the end f the class, I turned t him and asked, “I’m nt sure where my next class is, culd yu help me?”
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Just at that time, smene came up and tapped me n the shulder.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One Pssible Versin:
At the end f the class, I turned t him and asked, “I’m nt sure where my next class is, culd yu help me?” With a frwn, he lked at me and then said a quick n, turned back t his friends, and walked ut f the classrm. As they were walking ut I heard him say, “Did yu guys see that new girl trying t get int ur grup? That utfit was t strange.” They all laughed and sme f them turned arund and stared at me. My face ht with shame, I std stck-still, nt believing what had just happened.
Just at that time, smene came up and tapped me n the shulder. It was Diane. Like a ray f sunshine, the big smile n her face swept away my glm. I struggled t hld my feelings back and tld her what I had encuntered. A gleam f cncern in her eyes, she said she was srry and ffered t find my next class. At that mment I realized hw wrng I was in wanting t nly be friends with ppular peple. Maybe I shuldn’t decide whether a persn is wrth being my friend r nt by their reputatin, but by wh they are.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者高中第二年是在圣路易斯的第一年，作者在学校认识了Diane，Diane给作者指路。结果作者因为穿着被班上的同学嘲笑，Diane也对作者表示了关心，作者也感悟到不应该只和受欢迎的人交朋友。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“下课的时候，我转向他问：‘我不知道下节课在哪里，你能帮我吗？’”可知，第一段可描写对方的反应以及作者被嘲笑的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“就在那时，有人走过来拍了拍我的肩膀”可知，第二段可描写Diane帮助作者以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：询问——拒绝——嘲笑——帮助——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①走出：walk ut f/step ut f
②融入：get int/fit int
③抑制：hld back/restrain
情绪类
①奇怪的：strange /dd
②担心：cncern /wrry
【点睛】[高分句型1] My face ht with shame, I std stck-still, nt believing what had just happened.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Maybe I shuldn’t decide whether a persn is wrth being my friend r nt by their reputatin, but by wh they are. (运用了whether引导宾语从句)