专题10 概要写作---2025年高考英语二轮复习专题突破课件PPT

这是一份专题10 概要写作---2025年高考英语二轮复习专题突破课件PPT，共31页。PPT课件主要包含了content，高考真题，解题技巧详解，高级词汇句式，Part 01，考查要点，考查能力，评分原则，失误总结，Part 02等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.区分主要信息和次要信息的能力;2.对句群之间的逻辑关系和段落结构的把握能力;3.分析推断逻辑关系、梳理及概括细节信息的能力;4.通过整合手段进行思维创新和表达创新的能力;5.运用同义词、近义词、反义词或语法结构及修辞手段进行语义转换的能力。
1.词数少于40或多于80的,从总分中减去2分;2.对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;3.应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;4.上下文的连贯性;5.对各要点表达的独立性情况;6.拼写、标点符号的准确性;7.书写和卷面情况。
1.要点提炼不准确。主次信息混淆,不清楚原文作者的写作意图。2.表述的逻辑不清晰。内容没有条理,行文没有衔接,不能呈现连贯性。3.照抄原文句子。不能进行有效的语句转换,同一单词的重现率较高。作文中若出现两句以上整句摘自原文的现象,作文将会被直接定为第三档(11—15分)甚至更低档。4.单词拼写错误较多,时态、语态出错率较高。
1.浏览原文,弄清文体,根据段首句和段尾句预测段落内容甚至整个语篇内容,把握语篇主旨和结构。 2.细读原文每一个段落,把握段落大意,归纳段落要点。3.最大限度地替换要点句子中的关键词汇,调整句子结构,尽量使各个要点句子转换成全新的表达。4.使用恰当的衔接词把各个要点句子整合成逻辑关系清晰、内容有条理、连贯通顺的短文,要注意,各个要点句子要有相对的独立性。
1.概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。 2.安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写主要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。 3.注意要点之间的衔接,要用恰当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。4.不排斥用原文的某些词汇或词块,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语表达,至少要对原文句子做一些同义词替换,如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。5.核查词数,看是否符合规定的词数要求。
牢记写作流程,酿造极优作文
巧用衔接词语,尽显严密逻辑
1.并列as well as也　 ……和……都nt als...不仅……而且……2.递进besides除……之外 furthermre此外　 mrever而且what's mre更为重要的是　 mre imprtantly更重要的是t make matters wrse=what's wrse=wrse still更糟糕的是
3.对比和转折but但是　 instead反而　　　　 while而 hwever/nevertheless然而 therwise否则unlike与……不同 n the cntrary与此相反 cmpared t与……相比 in cntrast t与……形成对比n the ne the ther hand... 一方面……另一方面……4.因果therefre/cnsequently/as a result因此because f/as a result f/n accunt f/due t因为thanks t/wing t由于
5.目的in rder t/s as t为了 s that/in rder that为了fr the purpse f为了6.强调especially特别　 particularly特别　 indeed确实nt at all根本不　 r rather确切地说
7.顺序first/secnd/third首先/第二/第三firstly/secndly/thirdly/finally首先/第二/第三/最后t start with/next/in additin/finally首先/然后/此外/最后first f all/besides/last but nt least首先/此外/最后但同样重要的是8.总结in shrt/in brief/in summary总之t sum up/t summarize总之all in all总的说来n the whle总的说来
读首句析尾句,构织语境画面
通过阅读第一段的首句和最后一段的尾句便能大致明白该语篇的主旨;然后寻读每一段的首句和尾句,尝试预测每一段的主旨;再观察段落之间的组织方式,了解该语篇的文脉。这样,我们就能在大脑中构织出语境的初步画面。比如2019年6月浙江高考的概要写作阅读材料,第一段的首句是"Parents everywhere praise their kids",最后一段的尾句是"But whatever it is, praise shuld be given n a case-by-case basis and be prprtinate(相称的)t the amunt f effrt yur child has put int it",由这两句话可知,这篇文章的主旨是父母表扬孩子要依据孩子努力的程度。然后我们可根据每一段的首句和尾句判断出各段的主旨。
善找转折词汇,主旨要点映眼前
表示转折的词后面的内容,或者含有thugh, althugh, while等引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句的主句通常是句子的主旨要点,也是作者真实的写作意图。比如2018年11月浙江高考的概要写作阅读材料,第二段最后一句"In bviusly, if yu live acrss the cuntry that wn't be as much f a pssibility, but if yu live nearby, g check it ut!",本句的主旨要点是but后面的"if yu live nearby, g check it ut!"。再如最后一段的尾句"While visiting an nline cllege fair can't take the place f an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tl that alng with all yur ther research will help yu make an infrmed decisin abut which clleges r universities yu'd like t attend", "While "是让步状语从句,该句的主旨要点是主句的内容。
巧妙变换表达,替换关键词语
写概要时,考生要用自己的语言进行表达,可以通过同义转换、词性转换、句式转换、正话反说、反话正说等技巧替换原文中的一些关键词语。
(1)近义词替换原词Never will Chen Yu frget his first jb as a jurnalist.→Chen Yu will always remember his first jb as a reprter. (2)单词替换短语①Clearing away dirt is gd fr health. →Clearing away dirt benefits health.②With much f the public's attentin, stars suffer frm great pressure. →Living in the public gaze, stars face great pressure. (3)概括词替换具体词She brught hme several Chinese and English nvels, a few cpies f Reader's Digest and Newsweek, and sme textbks. →She brught hme sme bks and magazines. 
(1)动词转换为名词He failed t pass the drug test, and the bss had t dismiss him frm his jb.→His failure f passing the drug test resulted in his jb dismissal.(2)形容词转换为名词Yur skin will be burnt if yu are expsed t the sun t lng.→T lng expsure t the sun will harm yur skin.(3)形容词(短语)转换为动词(短语)Reading can nt nly make yu relaxed but als be gd fr yur mind. →Reading can nt nly relax yur bdy but als d gd t yur mind. 
(1)主被动语态的相互转换Tw experiments were carried ut by a psychlgist.  →A psychlgist perfrmed tw experiments.(2)特殊句式与正常语序的相互转换Only if yu ask many different questins will yu acquire all the infrmatin. →Yu will btain all the infrmatin if yu ask many different questins. 
(3)从句之间的相互转换He cncludes that peple d nt have the ability t sense when they're being stared at. →His cnclusin is that peple are nt equipped with the ability t feel thers' bservatin. (4)从句压缩、转换①状语从句转换为介词短语When he arrives, please send me an e-mail. →On his arrival, please send me an e-mail. ②条件状语从句转换为非谓语结构If everything is cnsidered, his plan seems t be mre wrkable. →Everything taken int cnsideratin, his plan seems t be mre wrkable. 
(1)I quite agree with yu.→I culdn't agree with yu mre. (2)His hmetwn is the mst beautiful place. →N place is mre beautiful than his hmetwn. 
(1)Withut advertising, it will be very difficult fr custmers t judge the wrth f a prduct.→With advertising, it will be very easy fr custmers t judge the wrth f a prduct.(2)The mst imprtant step is t fill in the applicatin frm withut any false infrmatin. →It's essential t fill in the applicatin frm crrectly.
　　①Parents everywhere praise their kids. ②Jenn Berman, authr f The A t Z Guide t Raising Happy and Cnfident Kids, says, "We've gne t the ppsite extreme f a few decades ag when parents tended t be mre strict." ③By giving kids a lt f praise, parents think they're building their children's cnfidence, ④when, in fact, it may be just the ppsite. ⑤T much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that's insincere, make kids afraid t try new things r take a risk fr fear f nt being able t stay n tp where their parents' praise has put them. ①Still, dn't g t far in the ther directin. ②Nt giving enugh praise can be just as damaging as giving t much. ③Kids will feel like they're nt gd enugh r that yu dn't care and, as a result, may see n pint in trying hard fr their accmplishments. 
①S what is the right amunt f praise? ②Experts say that the quality f praise is mre imprtant than the quantity. ③If praise is sincere and fcused n the effrt nt the utcme, yu can give it as ften as yur child des smething that deserves a verbal reward. ④"We shuld especially recgnize ur children's effrts t push themselves and wrk hard t achieve a gal," says Dnahue, authr f Parenting Withut Fear: Letting G f Wrry and Fcusing n What Really Matters. ⑤"One thing t remember is that it's the prcess nt the end prduct that matters." 　 ①Yur sn may nt be the best basketball player n his team. ②But if he's ut there every day and playing hard, yu shuld praise his effrt regardless f whether his team wins r lses. ③Praising the effrt and nt the utcme can als mean recgnizing yur child when she has wrked hard t clean the yard, ck dinner, r finish a bk reprt. ④But whatever it is, praise shuld be given n a case-by-case basis and be prprtinate(相称的)t the amunt f effrt yur child has put int it.  
Para. 1①作本段的"起",描述现象;②作 "承",引入专家的观点;③作"承",分析出现该现象的原因;④作"转",引出作者的观点;⑤作第一段的"合",指出"T much praise"的后果。Para. 2①作上一段的"承"和本段后文内容的"起",指出不要走向另一个极端;②作"承"指出"Nt giving enugh praise"的危害;③作"承",分析其原因,且本句本身也呈现出因果关系。
Para. 3①作前两段的"承",也作本段的"起",起过渡作用;②是对上一句的回答,引出专家的观点;③是对上一句的进一步解释;④引用了专家的说法;⑤作本段的"合",与②相呼应。Para. 4①作上一段的"承"和本段例证的"起";②作上一句的"转",呈现作者的真实意图;③作前两句的"承",进一步说明作者的观点;④作本段的"合",进行总结,回归主题。
写概要时,首先要注意每段的主题句和关键词,通过词汇替换、句式转变等多种方式改写要点,注意一定要用自己的语言,不可以完全照搬原文;然后,添加衔接词,使各要点之间的衔接更顺畅;最后要注意单词拼写不要出现错误,也要注意大小写和标点符号,同时还要注意控制词数,不要少于40或多于80。要点1,如今,父母总是给孩子相当多的赞扬,希望建立他们的自信心,但是这可能会产生相反的效果;要点2,父母对孩子表扬不够同样有损孩子的自信心;要点3,专家认为,父母应该因为努力过程而赞扬孩子,而不是因为事情的结果;要点4,孩子如果很努力,确实值得被赞扬。总之,父母给孩子的赞扬的多少取决于孩子的努力程度。
Nwadays, parents tend t ffer cnsiderable praise t their children, hping t build their cnfidence, but it may prduce the ppsite effect.(要点一) Hwever, nt enugh praise frm parents als des harm t children's self-cnfidence.(要点二)Therefre, experts claim that sincere praise shuld be given fr the prcess nt fr the result.(要点三) Meanwhile, kids d deserve praise if they make great effrt. Anyway, the amunt f praise parents give shuld depend n hw hard their kids wrk.(要点四)