[英语][期末]广东省云浮市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末试题(解析版)

这是一份[英语][期末]广东省云浮市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末试题(解析版)，共20页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
When yu’re travelling t a new place, ften ne f the main things yu’re lking fr is a really brilliant museum r gallery. Here are sme museums wrth visiting.
Emperr Qinshihuang’s Mausleum Site Museum, Xi’an
Can yu imagine hw unbelievable it must have felt t uncver the terractta warrirs fr the first time? N, f curse yu can’t, but we’re guessing it must have felt pretty gd. The peple wh fund it were farmers in Xi’an in 1974. Gathered arund the tmb f China’s first emperr, the 8,000 warrirs and their hrses are a grand sight.
State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg
It is said that if yu lk at every bject in the State Hermitage Museum fr ne minute each, it wuld take 11 years t see everything. That’s quite fr sure. But it’s certainly that yu just hang arund its galleries fr a day r tw. Highlights include an ver 200-year-ld clck decrated with mechanical glden peaccks, but make sure t take plenty f pictures f the building’s uter wall t (It lks best n fresh winter mrnings).
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
With its 40 Rembrandts(Dutch painter) and fur Vermeers (Dutch painter), the Rijksmuseum is unmissable if yu’re partial t a sullen (沉闷的) seventeenth-century scene. The museum in fact huses mre than a millin wrks f art, and by n means are these limited t just paintings. If yu’re visiting with kids, hunt dwn the dllhuse cllectins and review Dutch life in miniature—right dwn t the tiny plates set fr dinner.
Tate Mdern, Lndn
The Tate has fur galleries in the UK: Tate Liverpl, Tate St Ives, Tate Britain, and Tate Mdern. It’s the latter that’s really wrld-class, thugh. Hused in a frmer pwer statin n Lndn’s Bankside, the cavernus (像洞穴的) galleries huse a vast lasting cllectin and amazing exhibitins that pull in the crwds.
1. What is special abut the first museum?
A. It is the largest f the fur.
B. It was built based n a tmb.
C. It ffers an explratin experience.
D. It was fund by nn-prfessinals.
2. What des the writer mean by mentining 11 years in paragraph 3?
A. The museum has a lng histry.
B. The museum cvers a large area.
C. The museum has a large cllectin.
D. The museum has quantities f visitrs.
3. Which f the fllwing prvides special attractins fr kids?
A. Emperr Qinshihuang’s Mausleum Site Museum.
B. State Hermitage Museum.
C. Rijksmuseum.
D. Tate Mdern.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C
【语篇解读】本文的体裁是应用文。这篇文章介绍了四个值得一游的博物馆的情况。
【1题详解】推理判断题。由文章Emperr Qinshihuang’s Mausleum Site Museum, Xi’an部分中“Gathered arund the tmb f China’s first emperr, the 8,000 warrirs and their hrses are a grand sight. (8000名武士和他们的战马聚集在中国第一位皇帝的陵墓周围，是一幅壮观的景象。)”可知，第一座博物馆是在一座坟墓的基础上建造的。故选B。
【2题详解】推理判断题。由文章State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg部分中“It is said that if yu lk at every bject in the State Hermitage Museum fr ne minute each, it wuld take 11 years t see everything. (据说，如果你看国家冬宫博物馆的每件展品，每件一分钟，需要11年的时间才能看完。)”可知，作者在提到11年是在说明该博物馆收藏了大量的藏品。故选C。
【3题详解】推理判断题。由文章Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam部分中“If yu’re visiting with kids, hunt dwn the dllhuse cllectins and review Dutch life in miniature—right dwn t the tiny plates set fr dinner. (如果你是带着孩子来的，那就去寻找玩具屋的收藏品，用微缩的方式回顾一下荷兰人的生活——就连晚餐用的小盘子都有。)”可知，Rijksmuseum对孩子们有特别的吸引力。故选C。
B
The vast majrity f Spain’s trains will be free until the end f the year in a new prgram. Peple visiting the West Eurpean cuntry can nw whizz (飞速行驶) acrss it in the relative luxury f ne f its trains fr zer cst. As well as being much better fr the envirnment than air travel, sitting n a train and watching the cuntryside slip by is the perfect way t get t knw a cuntry.
Under Spain’s new prgram, all shrt and medium train rides are free — with the right ticket — prviding the perfect pprtunity t see Catalnia, Andalucia and the Basque Cuntry. Turists can take advantage f the discunts, which have been brught in t help the ppulatin deal with the cst f living crisis, if they buy multi-jurney tickets. “I’d like the peple f Spain t knw that I’m fully aware f the daily difficulties that mst peple have,” a senir fficial said. “I knw salaries cver less and less and that it’s difficult t get t the end f the mnth.” The cuntry’s Ministry f Transprt said the measure wuld help peple get t wrk safely as fuel prices cntinue t rise sharply.
Spain jins Germany in cutting the price f public transprt, with the latter cuntry launching a ticket csting €9 which gives a full mnth f travel frm June until the end f August. Austria has started ffering a climate ticket, which allws peple t cmplete jurneys fr just €3. When it was first launched last year, the ppularity f the ticket almst caused its website t crash. The UK gvernment has nt annunced any plans t encurage the use f trains, despite the seriusness f the climate crisis and the damage petrl and diesel cars cause. Instead, the gvernment cut fuel duty by 5% in March fr 12 mnths, encuraging mre peple t get behind the wheel.
4. What can be inferred abut the prgram?
A. It is f benefit t the envirnment.
B. Peple still have dubt abut it.
C. The trains in Spain are cmpletely free nw.
D. Spain is the nly cuntry in Eurpe t cut transprt csts.
5. What is the main purpse f intrducing the prgram?
A. T lwer fuel prices.
B. T relieve the stress f airline business.
C. T prmte turism and benefit peple f Spain.
D. T shw the gvernment’s cncern fr the public.
6. What des the authr think f the UK gvernment’s practice?
A. Negative.B. Admiring.C. Inattentive.D. Praisewrthy.
7. What is the main idea f the last paragraph?
A. The ppularity f the climate ticket.
B. The ecnmic benefits f the prgram.
C. The prgram’s great benefits t health.
D. The practices n public transprt in sme cuntries.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了西班牙推出的一项新政策，即年内大部分火车乘坐将免费，旨在为民众提供应对生活成本危机的帮助，同时也有助于环保和减少通勤成本。文章还提及了德国和奥地利在公共交通票价上的类似减免措施，并指出英国政府尚未推出鼓励使用火车的计划。
【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“The vast majrity f Spain’s trains will be free until the end f the year in a new prgram.(根据一项新计划，到今年年底，西班牙绝大多数火车都将免费)”和“As well as being much better fr the envirnment than air travel, sitting n a train and watching the cuntryside slip by is the perfect way t get t knw a cuntry.(乘火车比乘飞机旅行对环境更有好处，坐在火车上，看着乡村的景色掠过，是了解一个国家的最佳方式)”可推知 ，这个计划对环境是有好处的。故选A项。
【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Under Spain’s new prgram, all shrt and medium train rides are free — with the right ticket — prviding the perfect pprtunity t see Catalnia, Andalucia and the Basque Cuntry. Turists can take advantage f the discunts, which have been brught in t help the ppulatin deal with the cst f living crisis, if they buy multi-jurney tickets.(根据西班牙的新计划，所有的中短途火车都是免费的——只要你买对了票——这为你提供了游览加泰罗尼亚、安达卢西亚和巴斯克地区的绝佳机会。如果购买多次旅行的车票，游客可以利用折扣，这些折扣是为了帮助人们应对生活成本危机而推出的)”可知，该计划可以促进旅游业发展；根据段中““I’d like the peple f Spain t knw that I’m fully aware f the daily difficulties that mst peple have,” a senir fficial said. “I knw salaries cver less and less and that it’s difficult t get t the end f the mnth.” The cuntry’s Ministry f Transprt said the measure wuld help peple get t wrk safely as fuel prices cntinue t rise sharply.(一位高级官员表示：“我希望西班牙人民知道，我完全了解大多数人每天面临的困难。我知道工资越来越少，而且很难撑到月底。”该国交通运输部表示，在燃油价格持续大幅上涨的情况下，这项措施将帮助人们安全上班)”可知，该计划还可以让西班牙普通民众受益。由此推知，这一计划的目的是促进旅游业发展，造福西班牙人民。故选C项。
【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The UK gvernment has nt annunced any plans t encurage the use f trains, despite the seriusness f the climate crisis and the damage petrl and diesel cars cause. Instead, the gvernment cut fuel duty by 5% in March fr 12 mnths, encuraging mre peple t get behind the wheel.(尽管气候危机的严重性以及汽油和柴油汽车造成的损害，但英国政府尚未宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划。相反，政府在3月份将燃油税下调了5%，为期12个月，鼓励更多的人开车)”可知，作者认为英国政府未能像西班牙、德国和奥地利一样降低公共交通价格，而且英国政府鼓励更多的人开车也与应对气候危机背道而驰。由此推知，作者对英国政府的做法持否定态度。故选A项。
【7题详解】主旨大意题。最后一段“Spain jins Germany in cutting the price f public transprt, with the latter cuntry launching a ticket csting €9 which gives a full mnth f travel frm June until the end f August. Austria has started ffering a climate ticket, which allws peple t cmplete jurneys fr just €3. When it was first launched last year, the ppularity f the ticket almst caused its website t crash. The UK gvernment has nt annunced any plans t encurage the use f trains, despite the seriusness f the climate crisis and the damage petrl and diesel cars cause. Instead, the gvernment cut fuel duty by 5% in March fr 12 mnths, encuraging mre peple t get behind the wheel.(西班牙加入了德国的行列，开始降低公共交通价格，德国推出了一张9欧元的车票，从6月到8月底可以坐一个月的车。奥地利已经开始提供气候票，人们只需花3欧元就能完成旅程。去年该彩票首次推出时，其受欢迎程度几乎导致其网站崩溃。尽管气候危机严重，汽油和柴油汽车造成的破坏也很严重，但英国政府尚未宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划。相反，政府在3月份将燃油税下调了5%，为期12个月，鼓励更多的人开车)”可知，本段主要介绍了其他国家在公共交通方面的做法，如德国降低了公共交通的价格，奥地利开始提供气候票，而英国政府却没有宣布任何鼓励使用火车的计划。由此可知，最后一段主要介绍了一些国家在公共交通方面的做法。故选D项。
C
After age and genetics (传性), being a wman is the single mst imprtant risk factr fr develping Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默病),experts say, “Tw ut f every three brains affected by Alzheimer’s disease are wmen's brains," said Dr. Richard Isaacsn, directr f the Alzheimer's Preventin Clinic in the Center fr Brain Health at Flrida Atlantic
University’s Schmidt Cllege f Medicine. Nw, a new study has gd news when it cmes t giving wmen a chance t reduce their increased risk, Persnalized lifestyle interventins (干預)-such as diet, exercise, stress reductin and sleep hygiene were able t reduce Alzheimer’s risk factrs in bth sexes, but they wrked even better in wmen.
“Our individually tailred interventins led t greater imprvements in wmen cmpared t men acrss risk scales fr Alzheimer's and cardivascular(心血管的) disease,” said Isaacsn, wh cauthred the paper.
“Lifestyle changes such as increased exercise, imprved sleep and diet, and reduced stress can impact brain health. This study clearly stresses the need fr additinal larger studies t be able t better predict the baseline cgnitive trail in aging females versus males,” said Rudlph Tanzi, a prfessr f neurlgy at Harvard Medical Schl,
“As we aim t find ways t blck ut this disease in the early stage, we will need t knw if preventin and treatment strategies will wrk equally n bth men and wmen. This new study clearly brings us a big step clser t that gal,” Tanzi added.
Finding that wmen were able t reduce their risk even mre than men is welcme news, as it prvides a prmising area fr future study and gives hpe that wmen can tip the battle against Alzheimer's in their favr. “By treating peple in an evidence based yet safe way, using varius lifestyles and medical interventins, we've shwn that yu can really make an impact n brain health,” he said.
8. What can we knw frm paragraph 1?
A. Age and genetics have n impact n Alzheimer’s.
B. Alzheimer’s has nthing t d with sex difference.
C. Wmen are mre likely t develp Alzheimer’s than men.
D. Being a wman decreases the chance f develping Alzheimer’s.
9. What is Isaacsn’s attitude twards the new research?
A. Indifferent.B. Oppsed.C. Ignrant.D. Psitive.
10. What can affect brain health accrding t Tanzi?
A. Lifestyle changes.B. Higher educatin.
C. living envirnmentD. Persnal experience.
11. Where is the text likely frm?
A. A nvel.B. A magazine.C. A brchure.D. A travel guide.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了研究发现女性比男性更容易患阿尔茨海默病并指出个性化的生活方式干预能够降低男女患阿尔茨海默病的风险因素。
【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“After age and genetics, being a wman is the single mst imprtant risk factr fr develping Alzheimer’s disease(在年龄和基因之后，女性是患阿尔茨海默病的唯一最重要的风险因素。)”可知，女性的性别因素对于患阿尔茨海默病的影响排在年龄和基因之后，由此可知，女性比男性更容易患阿尔茨海默病。故选C。
【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的““Our individually tailred interventins led t greater imprvements in wmen cmpared t men acrss risk scales fr Alzheimer's and cardivascular disease,” said Isaacsn, wh cauthred the paper.(该论文的合著者艾萨克森说：“与男性相比，我们量身定制的干预措施在阿尔茨海默氏症和心血管疾病的风险等级上取得了更大的改善。”) ”可知，艾萨克森对这项新研究的态度是积极的。故选D。
【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Lifestyle changes such as increased exercise, imprved sleep and diet, and reduced stress can impact brain health. (生活方式的改变，比如增加锻炼、改善睡眠和饮食、减轻压力，都会影响大脑健康。)”可知，根据Tanzi的说法，改变生活方式会影响大脑健康。故选A。
【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段的“After age and genetics, being a wman is the single mst imprtant risk factr fr develping Alzheimer’s disease(在年龄和基因之后，女性是患阿尔茨海默病的唯一最重要的风险因素。)”和第二段的“University’s Schmidt Cllege f Medicine. Nw, a new study has gd news when it cmes t giving wmen a chance t reduce their increased risk, Persnalized lifestyle interventins-such as diet, exercise, stress reductin and sleep hygiene were able t reduce Alzheimer's risk factrs in bth sexes, but they wrked even better in wmen.(施密特大学医学院。现在，一项新的研究给女性带来了好消息，个性化的生活方式干预——比如饮食、锻炼、减轻压力和睡眠卫生——能够降低男女患阿尔茨海默病的风险因素，但对女性效果更好。)”可知，文章主要讲述了研究发现女性比男性更容易患阿尔茨海默病并指出个性化的生活方式干预能够降低男女患阿尔茨海默病的风险因素，因此文章出自医学类的杂志。故选B。
D
A new study finds that bird species with extreme r uncmmn cmbinatins f traits (特征) face the highest risk f extinctin. The study led by researchers at Imperial Cllege Lndn finds that the mst unique birds n the planet are als the mst threatened. Lsing these species and the unique rles they play in the envirnment, such as seed spread, pllinatin and predatin, culd have negative impacts n the functining f ecsystems.
The study analyzed the extinctin risk and physical traits, such as beak shape and wing length, f 99% f all living bird species, making it the mst general study f its kind t date. The researchers fund that in simulated scenaris (模拟场景) in which all threatened and near-threatened bird species became extinct, there wuld be a significantly greater reductin in the physical diversity amng birds than in scenaris where extinctins were randm (随机的).
Jarme Ali, a PhD candidate at Princetn University wh cmpleted the research at Imperial Cllege Lndn, said, “Our study shws that extinctins will mst likely prune a large percentage f unique species frm the bird family tree. Lsing these unique species will mean a lss f the specialized rles that they play in ecsystems. If we d nt take actin t prtect threatened species and prevent extinctins, the functining f ecsystems will be thrwn int disrder.”
In the study, the authrs used a dataset f measurements cllected frm living birds and museum specimens, ttalling 9,943 bird species. Althugh the dataset used in the study was able t shw that the mst unique birds were als classified as threatened n the IUCN Red List f Threatened Species, it was unable t shw what links uniqueness in birds t extinctin risk.
Jarme Ali said, “One pssibility is that highly specialized rganisms are less able t adapt t a changing envirnment, in which case human impacts may directly threaten species with the mst unusual eclgical rles. Mre research is needed t dive deeper int the cnnectin between unique traits and extinctin risk.”
12. Accrding t researchers, what may the lss f unique birds lead t?
A. The reductin f certain research.
B. The damage t ecsystem functin,
C. The develpment f eclgical turism.
D. The better living envirnment f human race.
13. What may the underlined wrd “prune” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Cut ut.B. Pick up.C. Get in.D. Add t.
14. What d researchers need t explre in the future?
A. Human’s impacts n unique birds.
B. The parts unique traits play in birds’ life.
C. Links f uniqueness in birds t extinctin risk.
D. The appraches t preventing birds’ extinctin.
15. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Sme birds with special physical traits
B. Key rles unique birds play in ecsystems
C. Measures t prtect threatened unique birds
D. Mre unique birds at higher risk f extinctin
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。研究发现，拥有独特特征的鸟类面临更高的灭绝风险，其消失可能对生态系统功能造成严重影响，保护这些濒危物种至关重要，以维持生态平衡。
【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Lsing these species and the unique rles they play in the envirnment, such as seed spread, pllinatin and predatin, culd have negative impacts n the functining f ecsystems. (失去这些物种及其在环境中发挥的独特作用，如种子传播、授粉和捕食，可能会对生态系统的功能产生负面影响。)”可知，根据研究人员的说法，独特鸟类的消失可能会导致对生态系统功能的破坏。故选B。
【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Jarme Ali, a PhD candidate at Princetn University wh cmpleted the research at Imperial Cllege Lndn, said, “Our study shws that extinctins will mst likely prune a large percentage f unique species frm the bird family tree. Lsing these unique species will mean a lss f the specialized rles that they play in ecsystems. If we d nt take actin t prtect threatened species and prevent extinctins, the functining f ecsystems will be thrwn int disrder.” (普林斯顿大学的博士候选人Jarme Ali在伦敦帝国理工学院完成了这项研究，他说：“我们的研究表明，灭绝很可能会从鸟类家谱中……很大比例的独特物种。失去这些独特的物种将意味着失去它们在生态系统中发挥的特殊作用。如果我们不采取行动保护濒危物种，防止物种灭绝，生态系统的功能将陷入混乱。”) ”可知，划线词与“Lsing these unique species”同义，则意为“ 切掉，删掉，删除”，“cut ut”可以解释划线词，即灭绝很可能会从鸟类家谱中去除很大比例的独特物种。故选A。
【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Jarme Ali said, “One pssibility is that highly specialized rganisms are less able t adapt t a changing envirnment, in which case human impacts may directly threaten species with the mst unusual eclgical rles. Mre research is needed t dive deeper int the cnnectin between unique traits and extinctin risk, ” (Jarme Ali说：“一种可能性是高度特化的生物适应不断变化的环境的能力较差，在这种情况下，人类的影响可能直接威胁到具有最不寻常生态作用的物种。需要更多的研究来深入研究独特特征和灭绝风险之间的联系。”)”可知，未来研究人员需要探索鸟类的独特性与灭绝风险的联系。故选C。
【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“A new study finds that bird species with extreme r uncmmn cmbinatins f traits face the highest risk f extinctin, The study led by researchers at Imperial Cllege Lndn finds that the mst unique birds n the planet are als the mst threatened. Lsing these species and the unique rles they play in the envirnment, such as seed spread, pllinatin and predatin, culd have negative impacts n the functining f ecsystems. (一项新的研究发现，具有极端或罕见特征组合的鸟类面临着最高的灭绝风险。由伦敦帝国理工学院的研究人员领导的这项研究发现，地球上最独特的鸟类也是最受威胁的。失去这些物种及其在环境中发挥的独特作用，如种子传播、授粉和捕食，可能会对生态系统的功能产生负面影响。)”可知，研究发现，拥有独特特征的鸟类面临更高的灭绝风险，其消失可能对生态系统功能造成严重影响，保护这些濒危物种至关重要，以维持生态平衡，因此D项(更多独特的鸟类面临更高的灭绝风险)适合作为标题，故选D。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wndering what yu can d t celebrate Earth Day n April 22? We’ve made a list f fun and envirnmentally-cnscius Earth Day activities t help raise awareness and make a difference.
Walk r ride yur bike. ___16___ Each day can make a difference, but if yu can cmmit t walking r biking mre ften in the future, that’s even better! If yur daily cmmute (通勤) is t far fr walking r biking, try envirnmentally-cnscius public transprtatin like buses, trains, r shuttles.
Carry reusable plastic r clth bags. Mst plastic bags are used fr abut 10-20 minutes, nly t end up in a landfill fr hundreds f years. ___17___ S use reusable grcery bags when yu g t the supermarket r when yu’re buying items at any stre.
___18___ Yu can d this as an individual r jin a cmmunity grup. Many lcal envirnmental grups rganize bigger events where yu can jin a team and clear radways, highways, and neighbrhd streets f litter, s see if yur lcal cmmunity is hsting anything. Taking a mment t pick up any litter yu see as yu’re ut and abut n Earth Day is helpful and easy t d.
Attend a lcal Earth Day event. See if yur cmmunity is hlding an envirnmental fair. If yur cmmunity desn’t have ne planned, cnsider starting ne yurself! ___19___ Any mney raised can g twards a lcal envirnmental restratin prject r grup.
Turn ff lights when yu’re nt using them. Turn ff lamps and verhead lights whenever yu leave a rm r yur huse. Electricity ften cmes frm fssil fuels that cntribute t climate change. ___20___
A. Pick up litter in yur cmmunity.
B. Jin a vlunteer activity t help a cmmunity.
C. Ging car-free fr the day will reduce harm t the envirnment.
D. Since humans use 4 trillin plastic bags a year, this is a big prblem.
E. S using as little electricity as pssible is a great way t help the Earth.
F. Landfills are already verflwing, s try t avid adding t that situatin.
G. It’s the perfect day t get tgether fr a fun and educatinal celebratin f the Earth.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. E
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章为想庆祝地球日的读者介绍了一些可以参与的活动。
【16题详解】由下文“Each day can make a difference, but if yu can cmmit t walking r biking mre ften in the future, that’s even better! If yur daily cmmute (通勤) is t far fr walking r biking, try envirnmentally-cnscius public transprtatin like buses, trains, r shuttles. (每天可以发挥作用，但如果你能致力于在未来更经常地步行或骑自行车，那就更好了！如果你每天上下班的路程太远，不适合步行或骑自行车，试试环保的公共交通工具，比如公共汽车、火车或班车)”可知，此段落的主题是不使用汽车，鼓励步行或骑自行车出行，以减少对环境的影响，故C选项“Ging car-free fr the day will reduce harm t the envirnment. (一天不使用汽车可以减少对环境的危害)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。
【17题详解】由上文“Carry reusable plastic r clth bags. Mst plastic bags are used fr abut 10-20 minutes, nly t end up in a landfill fr hundreds f years.(携带可重复使用的塑料袋或布袋。大多数塑料袋使用大约10-20分钟，最终被扔进垃圾填埋场数百年)”可知，本段强调使用可重复使用的袋子的重要性，本空要介绍与“使用的塑料袋”有关的话题，故D选项“Since humans use 4 trillin plastic bags a year, this is a big prblem. (每年人类使用4万亿个塑料袋，这是一个大问题。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
【18题详解】由下文“Yu can d this as an individual r jin a cmmunity grup. Many lcal envirnmental grups rganize bigger events where yu can jin a team and clear radways, highways, and neighbrhd streets f litter, s see if yur lcal cmmunity is hsting anything. Taking a mment t pick up any litter yu see as yu’re ut and abut n Earth Day is helpful and easy t d.(你可以作为个人或加入一个社区团体。许多当地的环保组织组织了更大的活动，你可以加入一个团队，清理道路、高速公路和附近街道上的垃圾，所以看看你当地的社区是否会举办任何活动。花点时间捡起你在地球日外出时看到的垃圾，这很有帮助，也很容易做到)”可知，本空要说跟“捡拾垃圾”有关的话题，故A选项“Pick up litter in yur cmmunity. (在你的社区里捡垃圾。)”能引起下文，适合作为段落主题句，符合题意。故选A。
【19题详解】由上文“Attend a lcal Earth Day event. See if yur cmmunity is hlding an envirnmental fair. If yur cmmunity desn’t have ne planned, cnsider starting ne yurself! (参加当地的地球日活动。看看你的社区是否正在举办环境博览会。如果你的社区没有这样的计划，考虑自己创建一个！)”可知，本空要谈论这一天的特殊意义，故G选项“It’s the perfect day t get tgether fr a fun and educatinal celebratin f the Earth. (这是一个完美的一天，可以聚在一起庆祝地球的有趣和教育。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
【20题详解】由上文“Turn ff lights when yu’re nt using them. Turn ff lamps and verhead lights whenever yu leave a rm r yur huse. Electricity ften cmes frm fssil fuels that cntribute t climate change. (不用灯的时候把灯关掉。当你离开房间或你的房子时，关掉灯和顶灯。电力通常来自导致气候变化的化石燃料)”可知，本空要总结节约用电的好处，故E选项“S using as little electricity as pssible is a great way t help the Earth. (因此，尽可能少地使用电力是帮助地球的好方法。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Walking alng the Great Wall is a nce-in-a-lifetime dream fr many, but Jim Spear has taken it ne step ___21___, spending the last 18 years living in a village beneath the ancient ___22___. Spear’s interest in China began during cllege when he tk a class taught by a Chinese ___23___. His interest ___24___ when he met his wife-t-be, Tang, in 1980, and married her tw years later. He says that it was ___25___ that led him t settle beneath the Great Wall. In the 1990s, he and his wife discvered their future hme in Mutianyu after a chance t ___26___ Li Fengquan, wh tried t sell him a T-shirt.
As an architect, Spear used his expertise t renew his dream huse, which came with ___27___ views f the Great Wall. Mrever, the architect explred ways f supprting rural residents. In ___28___ f his cntributins, Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award by the Beijing gvernment in 2014.
“The Great Wall ___29___ me in many ways t this very day,” he says when asked if his architectural wrk ___30___ inspiratin frm the impressive structure. Hwever, he stresses that ___31___ a Great Wall style desn’t mean building defence, but rather that his apprach cncerns designs that ech (与……有共同特征) the wall, but dn’t ___32___ it.
Spear sees plenty f pssibilities in China, driven by significant internal demand and a grwing fcus n ___33___ histrical structures. His lve fr China is ___34___ alive. “___35___ f my heart is in the US and always will be. But the rest is in China and I lve living here. I like China,” he says.
21. A. wiserB. furtherC. fasterD. higher
22. A. wnderB. areaC. imageD. figure
23. A. explrerB. reminderC. guideD. specialist
24. A. deepenedB. fastenedC. appliedD. addicted
25. A. ignranceB. dutyC. frtuneD. gal
26. A. g afterB. cme acrssC. argue withD. call ut
27. A. pliticalB. challengingC. variusD. dd
28. A. effrtB. recgnitinC. advantageD. change
29. A. signalsB. signsC. inspiresD. prves
30. A. warnsB. respndsC. apprachesD. draws
31. A. instructingB. influencingC. fllwingD. prmting
32. A. cpyB. cmpareC. replaceD. recrd
33. A. preservingB. spttingC. cntainingD. selecting
34. A. nrmallyB. extremelyC. regularlyD. naturally
35. A. JyB. ShapeC. PainD. Part
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. D
【语篇解读】本文的体裁是记叙文。本文讲述了Jim Spear对中国、特别是长城的热爱和他在中国的生活经历，包括他如何与妻子相遇、如何在中国定居、他的建筑设计工作以及他对中国的深厚感情。
【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，沿着长城行走是一生一次的梦想，但Jim Spear更进一步，在过去的18年里，他住在这个古老奇迹下面的一个村庄里。A. wiser更明智；B. further更远；C. faster更快；D. higher更高。根据上文的“Walking alng the Great Wall is a nce-in-a-lifetime dream fr many, but Jim Spear has taken it ne step”和下文的“spending the last 18 years living in a village beneath the ancient”可知，沿着长城行走是一生一次的梦想，Jim Spear不止是沿着长城行走，而是更进一步，在过去的18年里，他住在这个古老奇迹下面的一个村庄里。故选B。
【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，沿着长城行走是一生一次的梦想，但Jim Spear更进一步，在过去的18年里，他住在这个古老奇迹下面的一个村庄里。A. wnder奇迹，好奇；B. area区域；C. image图像；D. figure人物。根据上文的“Walking alng the Great Wall is a nce-in-a-lifetime dream fr many”和“spending the last 18 years living in a village beneath the ancient”可知，Jim Spear住在长城下面的一个村庄里，即长城下面这个古老奇迹下面的一个村庄里。故选A。
【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Spear对中国的兴趣始于大学期间，当时他参加了一位中国专家教授的课程。A. explrer探险家；B. reminder提醒者；C. guide导游，指导者；D. specialist专家。根据上文的“when he tk a class taught by a Chinese”可知，大学期间他参加了一个课程，所以可推知是一位中国专家教授的课程。故选D。
【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1980年，当他遇到他的未婚妻唐时，他的兴趣加深了，并在两年后结婚。A. deepened加深；B. fastened固定；C. applied应用；D. addicted上瘾。根据下文的“when he met his wife-t-be, Tang, in 1980, and married her tw years later”和“He says that it was ______ that led him t settle beneath the Great Wall.”可知，他的兴趣比在大学时加深了，导致最后定居在长城脚下。故选A。
【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说是运气让他在长城下定居下来的。A. ignrance无知；B. duty责任；C. frtune幸运；D. gal目标。根据下文的“In the 1990s, he and his wife discvered their future hme in Mutianyu after a chance t ______ Li Fengquan, wh tried t sell him a T-shirt.”可知，他和妻子偶然遇到了李丰泉，李丰泉试图卖给他一件T恤，后来他们在慕田峪找到了未来的家。所以他觉得是运气让他在长城下定居下来的。故选C。
【26题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：上世纪90年代，他和妻子偶然遇到了李丰泉，李丰泉试图卖给他一件T恤，后来他们在慕田峪找到了未来的家。A. g after追求；B. cme acrss偶遇；C. argue with与……争论；D. call ut大声叫喊。根据下文的“Li Fengquan, wh tried t sell him a T-shirt.”可知，李丰泉试图卖给他一件T恤，可推知他们以前不认识，所以他们是偶然遇到。故选B。
【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名建筑师，Spear用他的专业知识更新了他的梦想之家，这所房子可以看到长城的各种景色。A. plitical政治的；B. challenging挑战性的；C. varius各种各样的；D. dd奇怪的。根据下文的“views f the Great Wall”可知，Spear可以看到长城的各种景色。故选C。
【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了表彰他的贡献，2014年，北京市政府授予他“长城友谊奖”。A. effrt努力；B. recgnitin认可，赞誉，奖赏；C. advantage优势；D. change改变。根据下文的“Spear was given the Great Wall Friendship Award by the Beijing gvernment in 2014.”可知，北京市政府授予他“长城友谊奖”，这是对他的表彰。in recgnitin f“为了表彰”。故选B。
【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及他的建筑作品是否从这座令人印象深刻的建筑中获得灵感时，他说：“直到今天，长城在很多方面都给了我灵感。”A. signals发出信号；B. signs示意，打手势；C. inspires赋予灵感；D. prves证明。根据上文的“me in many ways t this very day,” he says when asked if his architectural wrk ______ inspiratin frm the impressive structure.”可知，有人问他是否从这座令人印象深刻的建筑中获得灵感时，所以他回答说长城在很多方面都给了自己灵感。故选C。
【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及他的建筑作品是否从这座令人印象深刻的建筑中获得灵感时，他说：“直到今天，长城在很多方面都给了我灵感。”A. warns警告；B. respnds反应；C. appraches接近；D. draws产生，引起，激起。根据下文的“inspiratin frm the impressive structure”可知，他回答说长城在很多方面都激起了自己灵感。故选D。
【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他强调，遵循长城风格并不意味着建造防御工事，而是他的设计方法是与长城相呼应，但不复制长城。A. instructing指导；B. influencing影响；C. fllwing跟随，遵循；D. prmting推广。根据下文的“a Great Wall style”可知，此处指他的设计风格遵循长城风格。故选C。
【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他强调，遵循长城风格并不意味着建造防御工事，而是他的设计方法是与长城相呼应，但不复制长城。A. cpy复制，模仿；B. cmpare比较；C. replace替换；D. recrd记录。根据下文的“a Great Wall style desn’t mean building defence, but rather that his apprach cncerns designs that ech (与……有共同特征) the wall, but dn’t”可知，他遵循长城风格，但是不复制长城。故选A。
【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Spear认为，在巨大的国内需求和对保护历史建筑的日益关注的推动下，中国有很多可能性。A. preserving保存，保护；B. sptting发现；C. cntaining包含；D. selecting选择。根据下文的“histrical structures”可知，对历史建筑进行保护。故选A。
【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他对中国的爱是极其强烈的。A. nrmally通常；B. extremely极其；C. regularly定期；D. naturally自然地。根据下文的“But the rest is in China and I lve living here. I like China”可知，他特别热爱中国，对中国的爱是极其强烈的。故选B。
【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的一部分心在美国，永远在那里。A. Jy快乐；B. Shape形状；C. Pain痛苦；D. Part部分。根据下文的“f my heart is in the US and always will be. But the rest is in China and I lve living here. I like China”可知，Spear认为自己的一部分心在美国，其余的都在中国。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese pancake jianbing and the French crêpe are cmmn in their wn cuntry. ___36___ they cme frm very different culinary traditins, the Chinese pancake jianbing and the French crêpe share many similarities in terms f their thin and flexible texture (柔韧的质地), varius fillings, and ___37___ (ppular) as a quick meal. Often ___38___ (serve) flded r rlled up, bth snacks can be enjyed ___39___ any time.
___40___ (riginate) in nrthern China, jianbing is a ppular breakfast snack sld n the side f the street. It has a histry f mre than 5,000 years. Since it was created, jianbing ___41___ (be) a favured snack f many peple. It cnsists f a thin pancake ___42___ is made frm a batter f wheat and mung bean flur, ften tpped with spicy sauces and fried dugh in the shape f twin bars r flat blistered rectangles, and tpped with ___43___ freshly cracked egg.
Cmmnly seen in France, crêpes can be enjyed as a sweet r spicy treat. They are ___44___ (typical) made frm a thin batter f wheat flur, milk, eggs and butter, resulting in a delicate and tender texture. Crêpes can be accmpanied by ___45___ (vary) tppings such as chclate, cheese, fresh fruit r whipped cream.
【答案】36. Althugh/Thugh 37. ppularity 38. served 39. at 40. Originating
41. has been 42. which/that 43. a 44. typically 45. varius/varied
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文比较了中国的煎饼（jianbing）和法国的薄饼（crêpe），介绍了它们各自的特点、起源以及食用方式，突出了两者之间的一些共同之处，比如它们都具有薄而柔韧的质地，可以添加各种馅料，并且作为快速餐食很受欢迎。
【36题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管它们来自截然不同的烹饪传统，中国的煎饼（jianbing）和法国的薄饼（crêpe）在它们薄且柔韧的质地、多种填充物以及作为快速餐食的受欢迎程度方面有许多相似之处。前后句意存在让步转折关系，应用althugh/thugh“虽然”引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Althugh/Thugh。
【37题详解】考查名词。句意同上。本空填不可数名词ppularity“受欢迎，流行”，与their thin and flexible texture和varius fillings并列，作in terms f的宾语。故填ppularity。
【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：通常被折叠或卷起来食用，这两种小吃可以在任何时候享用。本句谓语为examined，此处为非谓语动词，且bth snacks与serve“提供”为被动关系，用过去分词，作状语。故填served。
【39题详解】考查介词。句意同上。本空用介词at，at any time“在任何时候”为固定搭配。故填at。
【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：煎饼起源于中国北方，是一种流行的街头早餐小吃。本句系动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，且jianbing与riginate“起源于”为主动关系，用现在分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Originating。
【41题详解】考查时态。句意：自它被创造以来，煎饼一直是许多人喜爱的小吃。根据句意和句中Since it was created可知，be这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时，又因主语jianbing是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has been。
【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它由一层薄薄的面饼组成，面饼是由小麦粉和绿豆粉制成的面糊制成，通常上面会加上辣酱和炸面团条，顶部还会放上一个新鲜打散的鸡蛋。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a thin pancake，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
【43题详解】考查冠词。句意同上。此处泛指“一个新鲜打散的鸡蛋”，且freshly以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】考查副词。句意：它们通常是用小麦面粉、牛奶、鸡蛋和黄油制成的薄面糊做成的，口感细腻柔软。本空用副词typically“通常”，修饰动词made，作状语。故填typically。
【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：薄饼可以搭配各种各样的配料，如巧克力、奶酪、新鲜水果或鲜奶油。本空用形容词来varius或varied“各种各样的”，修饰名词tppings，作前置定语。故填varius或varied。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分45分)
第一节 根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词的正确形式完成句子。(共7 小题；每个空格1分，满分 20分)
46. Yu have t ________________ (乐意) accept yur mistakes and grw frm them. (willing) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】be willing t
【详解】考查固定搭配、不定式。句意：你必须愿意接受自己的错误，并从中成长。此处使用固定搭配be willing t“愿意”，have t“不得不”后用动词原形。故填be willing t。
47. I called early ______ ______ ______ ______ (抱着……的希望) catching her befre she went t wrk. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. in ②. the ③. hpe ④. f
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：我很早就打了个电话，希望在她上班之前找到她。根据汉语提示，设空处应填介词短语in the hpe f作状语，后接名词或动名词。故填：①in；②the；③hpe；④f。
48. Mre and mre yung peple went t big cities t ________________ (闯世界). (seek) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】seek their frtune
【详解】考查固定搭配和不定式。句意：越来越多的年轻人去大城市寻找他们的财富。此处使用固定搭配seek ne’s frtune“寻找成功致富之路，闯世界”，结合Mre and mre yung peple可知，应用形容词性物主代词their，seek their frtune位于不定式符号t后，用动词原形。故填seek their frtune。
49. He funded the charity ______(为了纪念)his late wife. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】in memry f
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：他成立了这个慈善机构来纪念他已故的妻子。为了纪念为in memry f，通常表示纪念已故的人。故填in memry f。
50. It is surprising that it has taken peple s lng t ________________ (充分利用) what is a win-win pprtunity.(advantage) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】take advantage f
【详解】考查固定搭配和不定式。句意：令人惊讶的是，人们花了这么长时间才抓住这个双赢的机会。此处使用固定搭配take advantage f“充分利用”，位于不定式符号t后，用动词原形。故填take advantage f。
51. I think I can be ________________ (专注于) what I am ding! (absrb) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】absrbed in
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我想我可以全神贯注于我正在做的事情！结合汉语提示和空前的can be可知，本空用absrbed in，此处使用固定搭配be absrbed in“专注于”。故填absrbed in。
52. The cmpany wants t ________________ (摆脱) frm its dwn market image.(break) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】break away
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：该公司希望摆脱其低迷的市场形象。根据空后的frm可知，本句中使用动词短语break away frm“摆脱”，位于不定式符号t后，用动词原形。故填break away。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
53. 你校英语报计划组织一场以“好习惯助我成功”为主题的演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 好习惯的重要性；
2. 举例说明；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 100个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Fellw students,
I’m Li Hua frm Class 3.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Fellw students,
I’m Li Hua frm Class 3. It is my hnr t deliver a speech n “Gd habits help me succeed”.
It is knwn t all that gd living habits are imprtant t ur physical and mental health. Gd habits nt nly cntribute t persnal discipline and self-mastery but als lay the fundatin fr lng-term success and fulfillment. Fr instance, the habit f setting specific gals and maintaining a dedicated wrk ethic has been instrumental in pushing me twards my gals. Mrever, the cnsistent practice f mindfulness and time management enables me t maximize prductivity and maintain a healthy wrk-life balance. Mtivatin is what gets me started. And the habit is what keeps me ging. May yu all have gd living habits!
In cnclusin, let us embrace the transfrmative ptential f gd habits and cmmit urselves t cultivating behavirs that will pave the way fr ur success and well-being.