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广东省广州市增城区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份广东省广州市增城区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题（解析版），共23页。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号及准考证号，并用2B铅笔填涂准考证号。
2.全部答案必须在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
3.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。
4.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上：如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Explring the wnders f Yuanmingyuan is nw easier than ever! By featuring ver 190 beautiful paintings, mdels f buildings, and ther artwrks cnnected t this amazing garden-palace frm the Qing dynasty, this special exhibitin helps us learn abut the lives f the emperrs wh lived there, the festivals they celebrated, and hw they were related t each ther. When yu visit, yu’ll get t see hw this garden-palace was designed, hear stries abut the peple wh lived there, and learn all abut the Qing dynasty’s histry.
Full Access Ticket and Special Exhibitin Ticket
With a Full Access ticket, yu can visit all the galleries. With a Special Exhibitin ticket, yu will have access t the thematic exhibitins (Gallery 1 t Gallery 7).
Discunts include children (age 7 t 11), full-time students, senirs (age 60 and abve), persns with disabilities (with ne cmpanin).
Entry is free fr children age 6 and under (nline bking and a valid Full Access ticket required).
Grup Tickets
Travel agents ticket bkings (with 20 tickets r abve) are nw available fr the Hng Kng Palace Museum.
Please bk yur tickets thrugh the nline applicatin frm belw at least tw weeks befre yur visit. Our staff will be in tuch within seven wrking days after receiving yur applicatin.
Public Guided Tur
Free guided turs f specific exhibitins are available fr individual visitrs. Please check the tur time and sign up at the G/F Infrmatin Cunter. Limited quta (限额) is available n a first-cme-first-serve basis.
1. What des Yuanmingyuan exhibitin mainly shw?
A. The daily life f the emperrs.
B. The feature f Chinese paintings.
C. The frmatin f the garden-palace.
D. The building style f the Qing dynasty.
2. Hw much will a parent with tw kids aged 9 and 6 pay fr visiting all the 9 galleries?
A. HK $220.B. HK $225.C. HK $330.D. HK $440.
3. What shuld visitrs d t get free guided turs?
A. Bk nline befre the visit.B. Visit with a grup f 20 peple.
C. Register any time they arrive.D. Arrive early within pening hurs.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了关于探索圆明园奇观的特别展览以及相关的门票信息和参观指南。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“By featuring ver 190 beautiful paintings, mdels f buildings, and ther artwrks cnnected t this amazing garden-palace frm the Qing dynasty, this special exhibitin helps us learn abut the lives f the emperrs wh lived there, the festivals they celebrated, and hw they were related t each ther. When yu visit, yu’ll get t see hw this garden-palace was designed, hear stries abut the peple wh lived there, and learn all abut the Qing dynasty’s histry.(通过展示190多幅美丽的绘画、建筑模型和其他与清朝这座令人惊叹的花园宫殿有关的艺术品，这个特别的展览帮助我们了解住在那里的皇帝的生活，他们庆祝的节日，以及他们彼此之间的关系。当你参观时，你会看到这座花园宫殿是如何设计的，听到住在那里的人的故事，并了解清朝的历史。)”可知，圆明园展览主要展示花园宫殿的形成。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格里的“Full Access Ticket (Gallery 1-9)（全票（展览厅1-9）)”，“Adults(HK$220)，Discunt(折扣) HK$110(成人220港元，折扣票110港元)”及表格下方“Discunts include children (age 7 t 11), full-time students, senirs (age 60 and abve), persns with disabilities (with ne cmpanin). Entry is free fr children age 6 and under (nline bking and a valid Full Access ticket required).(折扣包括儿童（7至11岁）、全日制学生、长者（60岁或以上）、残疾人士（一人陪同）。6岁及以下儿童免费入场（需要在线预订和有效的全通道票）。)”可知，6岁孩子免费，9岁孩子买折扣票，带着9岁和6岁孩子的一位家长参观全部9个画廊需要支付的钱是HK $220+HK $110=HK $330。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Free guided turs f specific exhibitins are available fr individual visitrs.(个人游客可以获得特定展览的免费导游服务。)”和“Limited quta (限额) is available n a first-cme-first-serve basis.(名额有限，先到先得。)”可知，游客在开放时间内早点到达才能获得免费导游服务。故选D。
B
Puffins are adrable birds with big, clrful beaks (喙) that live in grassy cliffs in the Far Nrth. One summer day, my husband and I barded the bat t Flatey Island, eager t catch a glimpse f these charming creatures.
As sn as the bat left the harbr, the rain started puring. The wind picked up, and the bat began t jump. I was beginning t feel seasick.
By the time we reached the island, my fingers were blue. The bat wuldn’t g back fr fur hurs. We huddled under the shelter f a warehuse, wndering what t d. Then a wman wearing mittens (手套) came clse t us. “Yu lk cld,” she said. “Wuld yu like t cme t ur huse fr lunch?”
It was a small yellw huse at the edge f the village. It was full f peple, yung and ld. They made rm fr us at the table. We ate and drank a lt, and they tld us all abut the puffins and the ther birds n the island.
It was almst time fr the bat t leave, ur new friend Sigrid walked in the rain with us t the puffins’ cliffs. We sat still n the wet rcks, watching the birds fly right tward us, ccking their heads as if wndering what we were ding n their island. They made us laugh.
When the bat whistle blew, Sigrid tk my hand t say gd-bye. “Yur hands are s cld!” Slipping her mittens ff, she handed them t me. “Yu need t have mittens fr the bat ride,” she said.
It’s been seventeen years, and I still have Sigrid’s mittens. They’re nt fancy and bright like the puffin’s beak. But as much as I liked thse funny little birds, it’s the mittens I think f when I remembered the island. I’ve spent years trying t be as kind t smene else as Sigrid was t me that day.
4. What was unexpected fr the cuple at first?
A. Remte living place f the puffins.B. The peaceful bat ride.
C. Delay in getting n bard.D. The cld rainy weather.
5. What des the underlined wrd “huddled” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Walked.B. Crwded.C. Chatted.D. Relaxed.
6. Which wrd can best describe the cuple’s trip n Flatey Island?
A. Disappinting.B. Struggling.C. Exciting.D. Heart-warming.
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Puffins and MittensB. A Clse Puffin Watching
C. A Magical Trip t Flatey IslandD. Surviving a Day with Sigrid
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫在一个夏日里前往Flatey岛观赏海鹦（一种可爱的鸟类）的经历。在遭遇恶劣天气和身体不适的情况下，他们遇到了一位善良的女子Sigrid对其进行帮助。这些经历让作者深深感受到了人与人之间的温暖和善意。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“As sn as the bat left the harbr, the rain started puring. The wind picked up, and the bat began t jump. I was beginning t feel seasick.(船一离开港口，就下起了倾盆大雨。风起了，船开始颠簸。我开始觉得晕船了。)”可知，当船离开港口时，突然下起了大雨，风也大了起来，船开始颠簸，作者开始感到晕船。这表明最初这对夫妇没有预料到会遇到如此寒冷的雨天。故选D。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中划线词前面的句子“By the time we reached the island, my fingers were blue. The bat wuldn’t g back fr fur hurs.(当我们到达小岛时，我的手指都发青了。这艘船要四个小时才能返航。)”以及后文“Then a wman wearing mittens(手套) came clse t us. “Yu lk cld,” she said. (然后一个戴着手套的女人走近我们。“你看起来很冷，”她说。)”可知，当作者和丈夫到达岛屿时，手指都冻青了，船还需要四个小时后才会返回。因此，他们在仓库的庇护下挤成一团（缩在一起抵御寒冷），想知道接下来该做什么。故划线词与B选项“Crwded.(拥挤的)”为同义词。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“When the bat whistle blew, Sigrid tk my hand t say gd-bye. “Yur hands are s cld!” Slipping her mittens ff, she handed them t me. “Yu need t have mittens fr the bat ride,” she said.( 船鸣笛时，Sigrid拉着我的手说再见。“你的手好冷啊!”她脱下手套，递给我。“乘船时你需要戴上连指手套，”她说。)”以及最后一段中“It’s been seventeen years, and I still have Sigrid’s mittens. They’re nt fancy and bright like the puffin’s beak. But as much as I liked thse funny little birds, it’s the mittens I think f when I remembered the island. I’ve spent years trying t be as kind t smene else as Sigrid was t me that day.( 十七年过去了，我还留着Sigrid的连指手套。它们不像海雀的嘴那样华丽明亮。尽管我很喜欢那些有趣的小鸟，但当我想起那个岛时，我想到的却是那副连指手套。多年来，我一直努力像西格丽德那天对我那样善待别人。)”可知，尽管这对夫妇最初遇到了不利的天气条件和困难，但他们遇到了善良的Sigrid，她的热情和善良给他们的旅程带来了温暖。特别是她把手套送给作者以抵御船上的寒冷，这一行为让作者印象深刻，并让她在之后的岁月里努力向别人展现同样的善良。因此，这次旅行可以被描述为“暖心的”。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫在前往Flatey岛观看海鹦的过程中遇到了一位善良的女子Sigrid，并讲述了她把手套送给作者以抵御船上的寒冷的温暖故事，这一温暖的行为让作者印象深刻，并让她在之后的岁月里努力向别人展现同样的善良。因此，选项A“Puffins and Mittens(海鹦和手套)”既包含了文章的主题元素——海鹦，也反映了文章的核心情感——手套所代表的善良和温暖，因此是最佳标题。故选A。
C
Imagine living in a cl, green city filled with parks and threaded with ftpaths, bike lanes and buses which transprt peple t shps, schls and service centers in a matter f minutes. This fancy dream is behind the idea f the 15-minute city, where all basic needs and services are within a quarter f an hur’s reach, imprving public health and reducing pllutin.
Artificial intelligence culd help city planners realize that visin faster, with a new study frm researchers at Tsinghua University in China demnstrating hw machine learning can prduce mre efficient spatial designs than humans can.
Autmatin (自动化) scientist Zheng Yu and his clleagues wanted t find new slutins t ur crwded cities. They develped an AI system t deal with the tugh tasks f city planning and fund it can prduce city plans that utperfrm human designs by abut 50 percent n three aspects: access t services, green spaces and traffic levels.
Starting small, Zheng’s team tasked their mdel with designing the city area nly a few square kilmeters in size(abut 3x3 blcks). After tw days f training, the AI system searched fr the ideal rad layuts and land use t fit with the cncept f the 15-minute city.
While the AI mdel can increase its use fr planning larger city areas, designing an entire city wuld be much mre cmplex. Drafting a neighbrhd cnsisting f 4x4 blcks cntains twice as many planning decisins as designing 3x3 blcks. But autmating even a few steps in the planning prcess can save huge amunts f time: the AI mdel can cmpute in secnds certain tasks that take human planners between 50 t 100 minutes t wrk thrugh.
Autmating certain tasks f city planning wuld free up human planners t fcus n mre challenging r human-centric tasks, such as public engagement and aesthetics.
Rather than AI replacing peple, Zheng thinks their AI system can wrk as an “assistant” t city planners, wh culd prduce cncept designs that are imprved by the system, and reviewed, adjusted by human experts based n cmmunity feedback.
8. What des “that visin” refer t in paragraph 2?
A. Building up a cnvenient and green city.
B. Imprving wrk efficiency in city design.
C. Using AI widely t imprve life in the city.
D. Creating mre needs and services in the city.
9. Hw did Zheng’s team carry ut their study?
A. By cmparing the perfmances f AI and humans.
B. By asking AI t cmplete a design f an entire city.
C. By training human designers fr mre challenging jbs.
D. By hlding a design cmpetitin between AI and humans.
10. Which is AI incapable f cnsidering in city planning accrding t the study?
A. Traffic level.B. Green spaces.
C. Access t services.D. Public engagement.
11. Which f the fllwing statements wuld the authr mst prbably agree with?
A. The use f AI will lead t less friendly cities.
B. Humans shuld deal with minr tasks in city design.
C. AI can wrk with humans t create mre livable cities.
D. AI will take the place f human experts in the future.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章的主旨是讨论如何利用人工智能（AI）在城市规划中实现15分钟城市的概念，即居民的所有基本需求和服务都能在15分钟内得到满足，以提高公共健康和减少污染。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Imagine living in a cl, green city filled with parks and threaded with ftpaths, bike lanes and buses which transprt peple t shps, schls and service centers in a matter f minutes. This fancy dream is behind the idea f the 15-minute city, where all basic needs and services are within a quarter f an hur’s reach, imprving public health and reducing pllutin.(想象一下，生活在一个凉爽、绿色的城市里，到处都是公园，人行道、自行车道和公共汽车，这些公共汽车可以在几分钟内把人们送到商店、学校和服务中心。这个奇特的梦想是“15分钟城市”理念的背后，在这里，所有的基本需求和服务都在一刻钟的时间内到达，改善了公众健康，减少了污染。)”以及划线词所在的句子“Artificial intelligence culd help city planners realize that visin faster(人工智能可以帮助城市规划者更快地实现这一愿景)”可知，此处的“愿景”指的是前文所提的“这个奇特的梦想是‘15分钟城市’理念”，即建设便捷绿色城市。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“They develped an AI system t deal with the tugh tasks f city planning and fund it can prduce city plans that utperfrm human designs by abut 50 percent n three aspects: access t services, green spaces and traffic levels.(他们开发了一种人工智能系统来处理城市规划的艰巨任务，并发现它可以在服务可及性、绿地和交通水平三个方面比人类设计的城市规划高出约50%。)”可知，在Zheng团队的研究中，他们通过比较人工智能和人类在城市规划方面的性能来进行实验，AI系统在服务可达性、绿地面积和交通水平三个方面优于人类设计约50%。由此该研究是通过比较的方式开展的。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Autmating certain tasks f city planning wuld free up human planners t fcus n mre challenging r human-centric tasks, such as public engagement and aesthetics.(自动化城市规划的某些任务将使人类规划师能够专注于更具挑战性或以人为本的任务，如公众参与和美学设计。)”可知，自动化城市规划任务可以让人类规划师专注于更具挑战性或以人为中心的任务，如公众参与和美学，暗示AI目前无法考虑这些因素。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rather than AI replacing peple, Zheng thinks their AI system can wrk as an “assistant” t city planners, wh culd prduce cncept designs that are imprved by the system, and reviewed, adjusted by human experts based n cmmunity feedback.(郑认为，他们的人工智能系统可以作为城市规划者的“助手”，而不是人工智能取代人类，他们可以产生由系统改进的概念设计，并由人类专家根据社区反馈进行审查和调整。)”可知，作者认为人工智能可以作为城市规划者的“助手”，帮助完成概念设计，并由人类专家根据社区反馈进行调整即人工智能可以与人类合作，创造更宜居的城市。故选C。
D
A study published by the Max Planck Institute fr Human Cgnitive and Brain Science fund that musicians wh wrk in the tw fields shw significantly different brain activity, even when they’re playing the same music.
The research culd help explain why musicians seem t stand ut in ne r ther style, and nt usually in bth.
The study utlines tw steps in playing the pian: what the pianist is ging t play — meaning the keys they press — and hw they are ging t play — which fingers they shuld use. Classical pianists tend t fcus n the secnd step — the “hw”. This means their fcus is n technique and the persnal expressin they add t the piece. Jazz pianists n the ther hand fcus n the “what”, meaning they are always prepared t imprvise (即兴创作) and adapt the ntes they’re playing.
The study included 30 prfessinal pianists, half f whm were jazz players and half f whm were classical. Bth grups were shwn a hand playing a sequence f chrds (和音) n a screen. The sequence was arranged irregularly with mistakes in harmnies and fingering. The pianists had t reprduce the hand mvements and react t the irregularities, while their brain signals were recrded with sensrs n their head.
The study fund that different prcesses ccurred in the brains f the jazz and classical pianists. In particular, the jazz pianists’ brains began re-planning sner than the classical pianists’ brains.
The study fund the classical pianists cncentrated n the fingering and technique f their playing, while the jazz pianists were mre prepared t change the ntes they played. “In the jazz pianists we fund evidence frm the brain signals fr this flexibility in planning harmnies when playing the pian,” says researcher Rberta Bianc. “When we asked them t play a harmnically unexpected chrd, their brains started t re-plan he actins faster than classical pianists. Accrdingly, they were better able t react and cntinue their perfrmances.”
12. What’s the purpse f the text?
A. T explain “what” and “hw” in playing the pian.
B. T intrduce a study n playing styles f musicians.
C. T cmpare the skill levels f jazz and classical pianists.
D. T argue wh are smarter between musicians f tw fields.
13. What d classical pianists pay mre attentin t in their perfrmances?
A. The fingers they use.B. The patterns they perfrm.
C. The ntes they play.D. The atmsphere they create.
14. What des paragraph 4 fcus n?
A. Majr findings f the research.
B. Explanatin f research methds.
C. Supprting evidence fr the research results.
D. Future applicatin f the research findings.
15. Why are jazz players thught t be mre flexible?
A. They care mre abut playing technique.
B. They are better at crrecting musical mistakes.
C. They are mre ready fr the change while playing.
D. They are likely t add persnal expressin t the music.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述一项研究发现，即使演奏同一首音乐，从事两种领域的音乐家的大脑活动也有显著的不同，介绍了不同音乐风格对音乐家大脑活动的影响，特别是古典与爵士音乐风格之间的对比，以及这两种风格下音乐家大脑处理音乐的差异。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“A study published by the Max Planck Institute fr Human Cgnitive and Brain Science fund that musicians wh wrk in the tw fields shw significantly different brain activity, even when they’re playing the same music.(马克斯普朗克人类认知和脑科学研究所发表的一项研究发现，在这两个领域工作的音乐家表现出明显不同的大脑活动，即使他们在演奏同样的音乐。)”以及第二段中“The research culd help explain why musicians seem t stand ut in ne r ther style, and nt usually in bth.( 这项研究可以帮助解释为什么音乐家似乎在一种或另一种风格中脱颖而出，而不是两者兼而有之。)”可知，文章主要介绍了马克斯普朗克人类认知和脑科学研究所发表的一项研究，该研究发现演奏不同风格音乐的音乐家在大脑活动上存在显著差异，这有助于解释为什么音乐家通常只擅长一种风格而不是两种。因此，文章的主要目的是介绍一项关于音乐家演奏风格的研究。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The study utlines tw steps in playing the pian: what the pianist is ging t play — meaning the keys they press — and hw they are ging t play — which fingers they shuld use. Classical pianists tend t fcus n the secnd step — the “hw”. This means their fcus is n technique and the persnal expressin they add t the piece. (这项研究概述了弹钢琴的两个步骤：钢琴家要弹什么——指的是他们按的键——以及他们要怎么弹——他们应该用哪根手指。古典钢琴家倾向于关注第二步——“如何”。这意味着他们的重点是技术和他们添加到作品中的个人表达。)”可知，古典钢琴家更关注“如何演奏”，也就是指法和技术，因此他们在表演中更注重使用的手指。故选A。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“The study included 30 prfessinal pianists, half f whm were jazz players and half f whm were classical. Bth grups were shwn a hand playing a sequence f chrds(和音) n a screen. The sequence was arranged irregularly with mistakes in harmnies and fingering. The pianists had t reprduce the hand mvements and react t the irregularities, while their brain signals were recrded with sensrs n their head.( 这项研究包括30名专业钢琴家，其中一半是爵士演奏者，一半是古典演奏者。两组人都在屏幕上看到一只手在弹奏一系列和弦。该序列排列不规则，在和声和指法上都有错误。钢琴家们必须重现手的动作，并对不规则的动作做出反应，同时他们的大脑信号被头上的传感器记录下来。)”可知，本段描述了研究的具体过程，包括参与者的选择、实验设置、实验过程以及数据的收集方式等，这些都是对研究方法的解释。因此，本段主要聚焦于研究方法的解释。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ “In the jazz pianists we fund evidence frm the brain signals fr this flexibility in planning harmnies when playing the pian,” says researcher Rberta Bianc. “When we asked them t play a harmnically unexpected chrd, their brains started t re-plan he actins faster than classical pianists. Accrdingly, they were better able t react and cntinue their perfrmances.”(‘我们从爵士乐钢琴家的大脑信号中发现了弹钢琴时规划和声的灵活性的证据。’研究人员Rberta Bianc说：‘当我们要求他们演奏一个意想不到的和弦时，他们的大脑开始比古典钢琴家更快地重新规划行动。因此，他们能够更好地反应并继续他们的表演。’)”可知，研究者从爵士乐钢琴家的脑电波中发现了他们演奏和弦时计划的灵活性，并且当要求他们演奏一个和声上意外的和弦时，他们的大脑开始更快地重新规划动作，因此他们能够更好地反应并继续他们的表演。由此可知，爵士乐钢琴家被认为更灵活是因为他们在演奏中更准备好改变。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分;满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的7个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sending astrnauts t Mars is a big challenge. It’s a lng dangerus jurney. And astrnauts will have t take EVERYTHING they need. ____16____
Launching things int space is expensive. “T get t Mars, we already have the technlgy,” says Michael Flynn. “The prblem is, it’s cstly.”
____17____ Instead f building a heavy spaceship and packing it full f stuff, why nt build Water Walls—a recycling system and use the stuff as part f the spaceship?
Making xygen and taking away carbn dixide——the waste gas yu breathe ut—is ne prblem in space. Water Walls will remve carbn dixide the same way it’s dne here n Earth—with living plants. Living plants take in carbn dixide t make their fd, and give ff xygen. But plants are hard t grw in a spacecraft. ____18____
Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls t, fed by pp and sunlight, eating up carbn dixide and making xygen fr the astrnauts t breathe.
____19____ It’s cmpact (紧密的), efficient, and desn’t need a lt f fancy machinery that might break dwn. A missin t Mars will require astrnauts t get back t nature.
Alas, the human bdy needs a lt f help t survive in space. If nly we were mre like the tardigrade! Tardigrades are very tiny insect-like creatures that live in sil. When they find themselves in danger, they rll themselves up int a ball and dry ut. In this state they can survive withut fd r water fr 100 years. ____20____
A. Algae can be a gd chice.
B. Nthing is wasted in the spacecraft.
C. But Flynn thinks he has a slutin.
D. S a trip t Mars is full f packing challenge.
E. If nly we culd train them t fly a spaceship.
F. This nbard recycling system has many advantages.
G. The mre yu take, the mre rckets yu must launch, and the mre it csts.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了关于火星之旅的挑战、成本问题以及一种可能的解决方案——使用Water Walls回收系统，并提到了藻类作为可能的选择，以及这种系统的一些优势。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Sending astrnauts t Mars is a big challenge. It’s a lng, dangerus jurney. And astrnauts will have t take EVERYTHING they need.(将宇航员送上火星是一项巨大的挑战。这是一段漫长而危险的旅程。宇航员将不得不带上他们所需要的一切)”可知，设空位于段尾是对前文的总结，所以D项“S a trip t Mars is full f packing challenge.(所以火星之旅充满了打包的挑战)”符合文意，是对前文的总结，宇航员需要带上很多东西，但是空间有限，所以充满了打包的挑战。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据第二段“Launching things int space is expensive. “T get t Mars, we already have the technlgy,” says Michael Flynn. “The prblem is, it’s cstly.”(向太空发射东西是昂贵的。“为了到达火星，我们已经有了技术，”迈克尔·弗林说。“问题是，成本太高了。”)”可知，此处是讲述送东西到火星，成本太高，后文“Instead f building a heavy spaceship and packing it full f stuff, why nt build Water Walls—a recycling system and use the stuff as part f the spaceship?(与其建造一艘沉重的宇宙飞船并把它装满东西，为什么不建造Water Walls——一个回收系统，把这些东西作为宇宙飞船的一部分呢?)”可知，是提出一种解决方法，所以C项“But Flynn thinks he has a slutin.(但弗林认为他有办法)”符合文意，承接上文，并引出下文。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Making xygen and taking away carbn dixide——the waste gas yu breathe ut—is ne prblem in space. Water Walls will remve carbn dixide the same way it’s dne here n Earth—with living plants. Living plants take in carbn dixide t make their fd, and give ff xygen. But plants are hard t grw in a spacecraft.(制造氧气和带走二氧化碳——你呼出的废气——是太空中的一个问题。Water Walls会像在地球上一样通过植物去除二氧化碳。活的植物吸收二氧化碳来制造食物，并释放氧气。但是植物很难在宇宙飞船中生长)”可知，前文讲述植物很难在宇宙飞船中生长，再根据后文“Algae are tiny plants that live in water.(藻类是生活在水中的微小植物)”可知，后文开始介绍藻类，所以空处应是提到用藻类解决指物很难在宇宙飞船中生长问题，所以A项“Algae can be a gd chice.(藻类是一个不错的选择)”符合文意，提出解决方案，引出下文。故选A项。
【19题详解】
设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“It’s cmpact (紧密的), efficient, and desn’t need a lt f fancy machinery that might break dwn. A missin t Mars will require astrnauts t get back t nature.(它紧凑、高效，而且不需要很多可能会坏掉的花哨机器。前往火星的任务将要求宇航员回归大自然)”可知，本段在讲述Water Walls回收系统的优点，所以F项“This nbard recycling system has many advantages.(这种机载回收系统有许多优点)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选F项。
【20题详解】
设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Alas, the human bdy needs a lt f help t survive in space. If nly we were mre like the tardigrade! Tardigrades are very tiny insect-like creatures that live in sil. When they find themselves in danger, they rll themselves up int a ball and dry ut. In this state they can survive withut fd r water fr 100 years.(唉，人体需要很多帮助才能在太空中生存。要是我们更像水熊虫就好了!缓步动物是一种非常小的昆虫状生物，生活在土壤中。当它们发现自己有危险时，它们会把自己卷成一团，然后干死。在这种状态下，他们可以在没有食物和水的情况下生存100年)”可知，此处是在讲述水熊虫这种生物对于宇宙航行的优势，所以E项“If nly we culd train them t fly a spaceship.(要是我们能训练他们驾驶宇宙飞船就好了)”是对前文提到的水熊虫的假设，符合文意。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识及应用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In central Afghanistan’s Bamyan Valley stands the famus Buddhas f Bamyan (巴米扬大佛). Hemmat was selling tickets fr the cultural heritage inside a cl ticket ffice instead f in the ____21____ sun. Hwever, that had nt always been the ____22____.
“In the past, we wrked in the sun, snw and rain,” Hemmat said. Things have been ____23____ after the building f tw ticket ffices which are als ____24____ as cnservatin wrk statins in the daytime, and security guard psitins at night.
These ticket ffices are built with the ____25____ f a grup f yung schlars frm China’s universities, and Friends f Dunhuang, wh have dnated mney fr the ____26____.
Due t years f war and ecnmic hardships, ____27____ in Bamyan Valley were nt ____28____ and cleaned fr a lng time, let alne being presented with an intrductin. The ____29____ that were stpping the _____30_____ f the cultural heritage have been slved nw. “With ur specific suggestins and financial _____31_____, mst f the caves near the Buddha site have been _____32_____ numbered and installed with intrductin nameplates,” said Sha Xuecheng, a member f Friends f Dunhuang.
In additin, the Chinese schlars started a _____33_____ t teach lcal children hw t preserve cultural heritages. Kids frm pr families culd receive _____34_____ fr free.
China’s great effrts in cultural heritage prtectin have been widely _____35_____. “I am grateful t ur Chinese friends,” Hemmat said.
21. A. burningB. risingC. warmD. glden
22. A. truthB. standardC. caseD. traditin
23 A. unexpectedB. wrsenedC. affectedD. imprved
24. A. regardedB. usedC. describedD. identified
25. A. assistanceB. beliefC. encuragementD. creativity
26. A. guardsB. lcalsC. cnstructinD. shelter
27. A. fficesB. cavesC. facilitiesD. buildings
28. A. explredB. discveredC. rememberedD. numbered
29. A. ideasB. prblemsC. warningsD. puzzles
30. A. develpmentB. challengesC. prtectinD. damage
31. A. supprtB. managementC. planningD. reprt
32. A. fficiallyB. intentinallyC. carelesslyD. easily
33. A. businessB. prgramC. careerD. study
34 A. fdB. mneyC. infrmatinD. training
35. A. enjyedB. recgnizedC. discussedD. ignred
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国在阿富汗巴米扬山谷的文化遗产保护工作中所做出的贡献和努力。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hemmat在凉爽的售票处出售文化遗产门票，而不是在烈日下。A. burning炙热的；B. rising升起的；C. warm温暖的；D. glden金色的。根据上文“inside a cl ticket ffice instead f”可知，Hemmat没有在烈日下卖票，而是在凉爽的售票处，空格处意为“炙热的”。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，之前情况并非总是如此。A. truth真相；B. standard标准；C. case情况；D. traditin传统。根据下文“In the past, we wrked in the sun, snw and rain”可知，在以前，情况并不是上文所描述的那样。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在建成两个售票处后，情况有所改善，售票处白天也用作保护工作站，晚上也用作保安岗位。A. unexpected出乎意料；B. wrsened恶化；C. affected影响；D. imprved改善。根据下文“after the building f tw ticket ffices”可知，在建成两个售票处后，情况有所改善。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在建成两个售票处后，情况有所改善，售票处白天也用作保护工作站，晚上也用作保安岗位。A. regarded认为；B. used用；C. described描述；D. identified识别。根据下文“as cnservatin wrk statins”可知，售票处被当作保护工作站，be used as意为“被用作”。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些售票处是在一群来自中国大学的年轻学者和敦煌之友的帮助下建造的，他们为建造提供了资金。A. assistance帮助；B. belief信念；C. encuragement鼓励；D. creativity创造力。根据下文“wh have dnated mney”可知，年轻学者和敦煌之友帮助建了售票处。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些售票处是在一群来自中国大学的年轻学者和敦煌之友的帮助下建造的，他们为建造提供了资金。A. guards守卫；B. lcals当地人；C. cnstructin建造；D. shelter避难所。根据上文“These ticket ffices are built with the ___5__ f a grup f yung schlars frm China’s universities, and Friends f Dunhuang”可知，年轻学者和敦煌之友为了建售票处提供资金。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于多年的战争和经济困难，巴米扬山谷的洞穴很长一段时间没有编号和清洁，更不用说介绍了。A. ffices办公室；B. caves洞穴；C. facilities设施；D. buildings建筑。根据下文“mst f the caves near the Buddha site have been __12__ numbered”可知，此处表示巴米扬山谷中的洞穴没有编号。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于多年的战争和经济困难，巴米扬山谷的洞穴很长一段时间没有编号和清洁，更不用说介绍了。A. explred探索；B. discvered发现；C. remembered记得；D. numbered编号。根据下文“mst f the caves near the Buddha site have been__12__numbered”可知，巴米扬山谷的洞穴很长一段时间没有编号。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：阻碍文化遗产保护的问题现在已经解决了。A. ideas想法；B. prblems问题；C. warnings警告；D. puzzles谜题。根据上文“years f war and ecnmic hardships”和下文“that were stpping the___10__f the cultural heritage”可知，此处表示阻碍文化遗产保护的一些问题。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：阻碍文化遗产保护的问题现在已经解决了。A. develpment发展；B. challenges挑战；C. prtectin保护；D. damage破坏。根据上文“___7__ in Bamyan Valley were nt __8__ and cleaned”可知，文化遗产的保护遇到了问题。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：敦煌之友的成员邵学成表示：“在我们的具体建议和资金支持下，佛寺附近的大多数洞穴都已正式编号，并安装了介绍铭牌。”A. supprt支持；B. management管理；C. planning计划；D. reprt报道。根据上一段“Friends f Dunhuang, wh have dnated mney”可知，在敦煌之友的资金支持下，大多数洞穴被编号。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：敦煌之友的成员邵学成表示：“在我们的具体建议和资金支持下，佛寺附近的大多数洞穴都已正式编号，并安装了介绍铭牌。”A. fficially正式地；B. intentinally故意地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. easily容易地。根据下文“numbered and installed with intrductin nameplates”可知，那些洞穴是被正式编号的。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，中国学者还启动了一个项目，教当地儿童如何保护文化遗产。A. business生意；B. prgram项目；C. career职业，生涯；D. study学习。根据下文“t teach lcal children hw t preserve cultural heritages”可知，中国学者启动了一个项目来教当地儿童如何保护文化遗产。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：贫困家庭的孩子可以免费接受培训。A. fd食物；B. mney钱；C. infrmatin信息；D. training培训。根据上文“the Chinese schlars started a __13___ t teach lcal children hw t preserve cultural heritages”可知，此处表示中国学者启动了项目来教当地儿童如何保护文化遗产，贫困家庭的孩子可以免费接受培训。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国在文化遗产保护方面的巨大努力得到了广泛认可。A. enjyed喜欢；B. recgnized认可；C. discussed讨论；D. ignred忽视。根据下文“I am grateful t ur Chinese friends”可知，作为当地人的Hemmat对中国朋友是感激的，由此可见，中国在文化遗产保护方面的巨大努力得到了广泛认可。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many peple hld at least ne memry f a kite frm their childhds. It culd be a sunny spring day in ____36____pen area with family members. ____37____ the wind picks up, the flyer runs as fast as they can, until the kite climbs high int the sky and dances ____38____the air.
Kites’ rigins can date back t the late Spring and Autumn Perid (770——476 BC). Histrical accunts shwed that philspher Mzi spent three years crafting a wden hawk, ____39____is believed t be a prttype (原型) f tday’s kite. Later, Lu Ban made imprvements by using bamb instead f wd.
Kites are cnsidered ne f the ____40____ (early) frms f aircraft. Peple bserved birds and thught f using wd and paper ____41____ (make) bjects that culd fly in the sky. They ____42____ (drive) by curisity and a spirit f scientific ____43____ (explre) t understand and make use f the pwer f wind. In China, Weifang, Beijing, Tianjin and Jiangsu prvince’s Nantng are fur majr areas that are celebrated fr unique kite-making ____44____ (skill). Yet they all share the same devtin t preserving and _____45_____ (prmte) traditinal craftsmanship.
【答案】36. an 37. As
38. in 39. which
40. earliest
41. t make
42. were driven
43. explratin
44. skills 45. prmting
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了风筝的起源。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这可能是一个阳光明媚的春日，和家人在开阔的地方。 短语in an pen area，意为“在一个空旷的地区”，这里用冠词修饰名词area表泛指，pen是以元音音素开头，故填an。
【37题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：当风起的时候，风筝会以最快的速度奔跑，直到风筝爬上天空，在空中跳舞。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候，随着”，用连词as，句首单词首字母大写，故填As。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。短语in the air，意为“在空中”，符合句意，故填in。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：历史记载表明，哲学家墨子花了三年时间制作了一只木制的鹰，这被认为是今天风筝的原型。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a wden hawk，从句中缺少主语，故填which。
【40题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：风筝被认为是最早的飞行器之一。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词，根据句意可知表示最早的，应用形容词最高级，故填earliest。
41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：人们观察到鸟类，就想到用木头和纸制作可以在空中飞行的物体。短语use…t d…，意为“使用……去做……”，符合句意，故填t make。
【42题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在好奇心和科学探索精神的驱使下，他们了解并利用了风的力量。设空处为谓语，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语They，谓语用复数形式，故填were driven。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。设空处为介词f的宾语，应用名词explratin，这里表科学探索，不可数，故填explratin。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：在中国，潍坊、北京、天津和江苏南通是四大以独特的风筝制作技术而闻名的地区。设空处为介词fr的宾语，应用名词skill，这里表示泛指技术，应用复数形式，故填skills。
【45题详解】
考查动名词。句意：然而，他们都致力于保护和推广传统工艺。设空处和preserving并列作t的宾语，应用动名词，故填prmting。
第四部分 写作(共三节，满分50分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据所给的中文提示，填写适当的单词。将每一题的答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。
46. ______ (受到启发) by dlphins, peple have learnt hw t send signals underwater. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Inspired
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受海豚的启发，人们学会了如何在水下发送信号。“启发”inspire，句中谓语是have learnt，空格处用非谓语动词，inspire与逻辑主语peple之间是被动关系，所以空格处用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Inspired。
47. Arriving at the finish line, Daniel saw lts f peple waiting n bats t ______(欢迎)him. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】welcme##greet
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：到达终点线时，丹尼尔看到很多人在船上等着欢迎他。设空处使用动词与空前的t构成不定式结构（作目的状语），表示“欢迎”用welcme或者greet。故填welcme/greet。
48. The rganizatin was frmed with the ______ (目的) f helping lcal peple. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】aim
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：该组织成立的目的是帮助当地人民。“目的”为名词aim作宾语，with the aim f ding sth.意为“旨在做某事”，故填aim。
49. Tday, chpsticks have becme a ______ (典型的) part f Chinese culture. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】typical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：今天，筷子已经成为中国文化的一个典型组成部分。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词typical“典型的”，作定语修饰后面的名词。故填typical。
50. We can chse hw t ______(回应) t situatins that are difficult, r bring, r dangerus. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】respnd
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：我们可以选择如何应对困难、无聊或危险的情况。hw t t意为“如何做某事”，因此空格处用动词原形，“回应”的动词是respnd。故填respnd。
51. Her grandma was the mst lving and giving persn she knew, and it was her family’s ______ (责任) t take care f her. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】respnsibility
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她的奶奶是她所知道的最慈爱和最慷慨的人，照顾她是她家人的责任。根据汉语提示“责任”，应填入名词 respnsibility，作句子表语，故填respnsibility。
52. Recently, we have ______ (争论) a great deal abut whether we need much mney. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】argued
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：最近，我们对是否需要很多钱进行了大量争论。“争论”argue，动词应用过去分词形式，与空前的have构成现在完成时，符合题意。故填argued。
53. As the ppular ______（谚语）ges, “Every minute cunts!” Set a gal and get ahead! (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】saying
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：常言道：“分秒必争！”设定一个目标，然后向前迈进！“谚语”为saying，此处特指，所以用单数。故填saying。
54. Yang Liwei was ______ (挑选) as an astrnaut candidate in 1998 and had been Trained fr spaceflight. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】selected
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：杨利伟在1998年被选为宇航员候选人，并接受了太空飞行训练。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词select“挑选”，在句中作谓语。根据空前的was可知，本句话一般过去时态的被动语态，表示“杨利伟被选中”，所以空处需要过去分词。故填selected。
55. The weather in May in Suth China is usually ______(温和的), suitable fr an uting. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】mild#gentle
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国南方五月的天气通常是温和的，适合郊游。设空处使用形容词作表语。形容天气，表示“温和的”用mild或gentle。故填mild或gentle。
第二节 句子翻译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
请根据中文及括号内的提示翻译下列句子。将每一题的答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。
56. 如果你留心观察，你会惊讶地发现你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在。（keep ne’s eyes pen）（汉译英）
_________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】If yu keep yur eyes pen, yu will be surprised t find that yu can see bth its past and its present.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句、固定短语、并列连词和宾语从句。根据句意可知，该句的前半部分为if引导的条件状语从句，主句表示将来要发生的事，应使用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时表示将来的动作，表示“你留心观察”应为keep yur eyes pen，主语为yu，所以从句译为if yu keep yur eyes pen，位于句首，if的首字母需大写；表示“你会惊讶地发现你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在”应为主句，使用一般将来时，表示“惊讶地发现”应为be surprised t find，主语是yu，所以be动词为are，所以“你会惊讶地发现”应译为yu will be surprised t find；表示“你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在”为宾语从句作find的宾语，表示“你可以看到”应为yu can see，表示“既……也……”应为bth…and…连接并列结构，表示“他的过去”应为its past，表示“他的现在”应为its present，使用bth…and…将其连接，共同作see的宾语，即bth its past and its present，所以宾语从句译为yu can see bth its past and its present，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以使用that引导宾语从句，所以“你会惊讶地发现你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在”译为yu will be surprised t find that yu can see bth its past and its present。故翻译为If yu keep yur eyes pen, yu will be surprised t find that yu can see bth its past and its present.
57. 很荣幸能在这里与大家分享音乐对我生活的影响。（It’s an hnr t..., have an impact n）（汉译英）
_________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】It's an hnr t be here t share with yu the impact that music has had n my life.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、定语从句。表示“很荣幸”应使用It's an hnr t...结构，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为t d不定式；表示“与某人分享某物”短语为share sth with sb；表示“对……的影响”短语为have an impact n...；“音乐”在句中作为先行词，后跟that引导的定语从句，故翻译为It's an hnr t be here t share with yu the impact that music has had n my life。
58. 搬入新家之前，母亲让人把房子重新装修了一番，把地板都换了（过去分词当宾补，redecrate）（汉译英）
_________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Befre mving int the new hme, my mther had the huse redecrated and all the flrs replaced.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。“搬入新家之前”在句中作时间状语，用短语结构“befre+V-ing…”表达，其中“搬入新家”用动词短语“mve int the new huse”表达，动词用动名词形式，即“befre mving int the new huse”。“母亲”为主语，用“my mther”表达；“让人把房子重新装修了一番”用动词短语“have sth dne”表达，过去分词作宾语补足语，结合语境，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，即“had”；“房子”用“the huse”表达；“重新装修了一番”用动词“redecrate”表达，与huse之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式“redecrated”，即“had the huse redecrated”；“把地板都换了”同样用“have sth dne”表达，“have”用过去式“had”，“地板”用“all the flrs”表达，“更换”用动词“replace”表达，与the flrs之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式“replaced”作宾语补足语，即“had all the flrs replaced”，与之前的“had the huse redecrated”并列，因此可将此处的“had”省略，用and连接两个并列短语。故翻译为：Befre mving int the new hme, my mther had the huse renvated and all the flrs replaced.
59. 学习外语已经被证明让人变得更聪明。（现在完成时被动语态）（汉译英）
_________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Learning a freign language has been prven t make peple smarter.
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。表示“学习外语”用learning a freign language，此处使用动名词作主语，为单数。表示“已经被证明去做某事”使用现在完成时的被动语态，表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，即have been prven t d sth ；表示“让人变得更聪明”用make peple smarter，此处使用形容词smart的比较级smarter作宾补结构。故翻译为Learning a freign language has been prven t make peple smarter.
60. 该节日于每年农历六月初四开始，通常为期3天。(fall n, lunar calendar)（汉译英）
_________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The festival falls n the furth day f the sixth mnth f the lunar calendar every year and usually lasts fr three days.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。“该节日”可翻译为“the festival”，在句中作主语。fall n“落在”，这是一个习惯用法，用来描述事件发生的日期。该动词短语在句中作谓语动词。本句话描述客观事实，所以用一般现在时态。“每年农历六月初四”可翻译为“the furth day f the sixth mnth f the lunar calendar every year”。用and连列两个并列的动词在句中作谓语。“持续”可用动词“last”，在句中作并列谓语。“为期三天”可以翻译为“last fr three days”。“通常”可以用副词“usually”。故翻译为The festival falls n the furth day f the sixth mnth f the lunar calendar every year and usually lasts fr three days.
第三节 书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假定你是李华，计划和同学一起在即将到来的英语文化节中进行戏剧表演。你准备写一封邮件给外教Mr.Smith。邮件的内容包括：
1.戏剧表演计划（戏剧名称、内容等）；
2.征求建议；
3.邀请指导。
注意：
1.写作词数应为100词左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；并在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I am planning t perfrm a drama with my classmates at the upcming English Cultural Festival. I am writing t invite yu t give us sme helpful advice.
We will perfrm the highlights f William Shakespeare Hamlet, which is well-knwn t mst Chinese peple. Hw can we perfrm well and naturally at the stage? What can we d t better shw the character’s characteristics? Can yu give us sme guidance n hw t imprve ur perfrmance? We wuld appreciate it if yu culd be present and give us sme suggestins.
We are lking frward t yur arrival.
Yurs sincerely
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生给外教Mr.Smith写一封邮件，就你和同学计划一起在即将到来的英语文化节中进行戏剧表演一事征求建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
有用的：helpful→useful
特点：characteristics→features
建议：advice→tips
提高：imprve→enhance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing t invite yu t give us sme helpful advice.
拓展句：Since yu have studied s much abut drama perfrmance, I am writing t invite yu t give us sme helpful advice.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We will perfrm the highlights f William Shakespeare Hamlet, which is well-knwn t mst Chinese peple. (由which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】We wuld appreciate it if yu culd be present and give us sme suggestins.(运用了固定句型)
Adults
Discunt
Full Access Ticket (Gallery 1-9)
HK$220
HK$110
Special Exhibitin Ticket (Gallery 1—7)
HK$150
HK$75
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号及准考证号，并用2B铅笔填涂准考证号。
2.全部答案必须在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
3.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。
4.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上：如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Explring the wnders f Yuanmingyuan is nw easier than ever! By featuring ver 190 beautiful paintings, mdels f buildings, and ther artwrks cnnected t this amazing garden-palace frm the Qing dynasty, this special exhibitin helps us learn abut the lives f the emperrs wh lived there, the festivals they celebrated, and hw they were related t each ther. When yu visit, yu’ll get t see hw this garden-palace was designed, hear stries abut the peple wh lived there, and learn all abut the Qing dynasty’s histry.
Full Access Ticket and Special Exhibitin Ticket
With a Full Access ticket, yu can visit all the galleries. With a Special Exhibitin ticket, yu will have access t the thematic exhibitins (Gallery 1 t Gallery 7).
Discunts include children (age 7 t 11), full-time students, senirs (age 60 and abve), persns with disabilities (with ne cmpanin).
Entry is free fr children age 6 and under (nline bking and a valid Full Access ticket required).
Grup Tickets
Travel agents ticket bkings (with 20 tickets r abve) are nw available fr the Hng Kng Palace Museum.
Please bk yur tickets thrugh the nline applicatin frm belw at least tw weeks befre yur visit. Our staff will be in tuch within seven wrking days after receiving yur applicatin.
Public Guided Tur
Free guided turs f specific exhibitins are available fr individual visitrs. Please check the tur time and sign up at the G/F Infrmatin Cunter. Limited quta (限额) is available n a first-cme-first-serve basis.
1. What des Yuanmingyuan exhibitin mainly shw?
A. The daily life f the emperrs.
B. The feature f Chinese paintings.
C. The frmatin f the garden-palace.
D. The building style f the Qing dynasty.
2. Hw much will a parent with tw kids aged 9 and 6 pay fr visiting all the 9 galleries?
A. HK $220.B. HK $225.C. HK $330.D. HK $440.
3. What shuld visitrs d t get free guided turs?
A. Bk nline befre the visit.B. Visit with a grup f 20 peple.
C. Register any time they arrive.D. Arrive early within pening hurs.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了关于探索圆明园奇观的特别展览以及相关的门票信息和参观指南。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“By featuring ver 190 beautiful paintings, mdels f buildings, and ther artwrks cnnected t this amazing garden-palace frm the Qing dynasty, this special exhibitin helps us learn abut the lives f the emperrs wh lived there, the festivals they celebrated, and hw they were related t each ther. When yu visit, yu’ll get t see hw this garden-palace was designed, hear stries abut the peple wh lived there, and learn all abut the Qing dynasty’s histry.(通过展示190多幅美丽的绘画、建筑模型和其他与清朝这座令人惊叹的花园宫殿有关的艺术品，这个特别的展览帮助我们了解住在那里的皇帝的生活，他们庆祝的节日，以及他们彼此之间的关系。当你参观时，你会看到这座花园宫殿是如何设计的，听到住在那里的人的故事，并了解清朝的历史。)”可知，圆明园展览主要展示花园宫殿的形成。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格里的“Full Access Ticket (Gallery 1-9)（全票（展览厅1-9）)”，“Adults(HK$220)，Discunt(折扣) HK$110(成人220港元，折扣票110港元)”及表格下方“Discunts include children (age 7 t 11), full-time students, senirs (age 60 and abve), persns with disabilities (with ne cmpanin). Entry is free fr children age 6 and under (nline bking and a valid Full Access ticket required).(折扣包括儿童（7至11岁）、全日制学生、长者（60岁或以上）、残疾人士（一人陪同）。6岁及以下儿童免费入场（需要在线预订和有效的全通道票）。)”可知，6岁孩子免费，9岁孩子买折扣票，带着9岁和6岁孩子的一位家长参观全部9个画廊需要支付的钱是HK $220+HK $110=HK $330。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Free guided turs f specific exhibitins are available fr individual visitrs.(个人游客可以获得特定展览的免费导游服务。)”和“Limited quta (限额) is available n a first-cme-first-serve basis.(名额有限，先到先得。)”可知，游客在开放时间内早点到达才能获得免费导游服务。故选D。
B
Puffins are adrable birds with big, clrful beaks (喙) that live in grassy cliffs in the Far Nrth. One summer day, my husband and I barded the bat t Flatey Island, eager t catch a glimpse f these charming creatures.
As sn as the bat left the harbr, the rain started puring. The wind picked up, and the bat began t jump. I was beginning t feel seasick.
By the time we reached the island, my fingers were blue. The bat wuldn’t g back fr fur hurs. We huddled under the shelter f a warehuse, wndering what t d. Then a wman wearing mittens (手套) came clse t us. “Yu lk cld,” she said. “Wuld yu like t cme t ur huse fr lunch?”
It was a small yellw huse at the edge f the village. It was full f peple, yung and ld. They made rm fr us at the table. We ate and drank a lt, and they tld us all abut the puffins and the ther birds n the island.
It was almst time fr the bat t leave, ur new friend Sigrid walked in the rain with us t the puffins’ cliffs. We sat still n the wet rcks, watching the birds fly right tward us, ccking their heads as if wndering what we were ding n their island. They made us laugh.
When the bat whistle blew, Sigrid tk my hand t say gd-bye. “Yur hands are s cld!” Slipping her mittens ff, she handed them t me. “Yu need t have mittens fr the bat ride,” she said.
It’s been seventeen years, and I still have Sigrid’s mittens. They’re nt fancy and bright like the puffin’s beak. But as much as I liked thse funny little birds, it’s the mittens I think f when I remembered the island. I’ve spent years trying t be as kind t smene else as Sigrid was t me that day.
4. What was unexpected fr the cuple at first?
A. Remte living place f the puffins.B. The peaceful bat ride.
C. Delay in getting n bard.D. The cld rainy weather.
5. What des the underlined wrd “huddled” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Walked.B. Crwded.C. Chatted.D. Relaxed.
6. Which wrd can best describe the cuple’s trip n Flatey Island?
A. Disappinting.B. Struggling.C. Exciting.D. Heart-warming.
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Puffins and MittensB. A Clse Puffin Watching
C. A Magical Trip t Flatey IslandD. Surviving a Day with Sigrid
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫在一个夏日里前往Flatey岛观赏海鹦（一种可爱的鸟类）的经历。在遭遇恶劣天气和身体不适的情况下，他们遇到了一位善良的女子Sigrid对其进行帮助。这些经历让作者深深感受到了人与人之间的温暖和善意。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“As sn as the bat left the harbr, the rain started puring. The wind picked up, and the bat began t jump. I was beginning t feel seasick.(船一离开港口，就下起了倾盆大雨。风起了，船开始颠簸。我开始觉得晕船了。)”可知，当船离开港口时，突然下起了大雨，风也大了起来，船开始颠簸，作者开始感到晕船。这表明最初这对夫妇没有预料到会遇到如此寒冷的雨天。故选D。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中划线词前面的句子“By the time we reached the island, my fingers were blue. The bat wuldn’t g back fr fur hurs.(当我们到达小岛时，我的手指都发青了。这艘船要四个小时才能返航。)”以及后文“Then a wman wearing mittens(手套) came clse t us. “Yu lk cld,” she said. (然后一个戴着手套的女人走近我们。“你看起来很冷，”她说。)”可知，当作者和丈夫到达岛屿时，手指都冻青了，船还需要四个小时后才会返回。因此，他们在仓库的庇护下挤成一团（缩在一起抵御寒冷），想知道接下来该做什么。故划线词与B选项“Crwded.(拥挤的)”为同义词。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“When the bat whistle blew, Sigrid tk my hand t say gd-bye. “Yur hands are s cld!” Slipping her mittens ff, she handed them t me. “Yu need t have mittens fr the bat ride,” she said.( 船鸣笛时，Sigrid拉着我的手说再见。“你的手好冷啊!”她脱下手套，递给我。“乘船时你需要戴上连指手套，”她说。)”以及最后一段中“It’s been seventeen years, and I still have Sigrid’s mittens. They’re nt fancy and bright like the puffin’s beak. But as much as I liked thse funny little birds, it’s the mittens I think f when I remembered the island. I’ve spent years trying t be as kind t smene else as Sigrid was t me that day.( 十七年过去了，我还留着Sigrid的连指手套。它们不像海雀的嘴那样华丽明亮。尽管我很喜欢那些有趣的小鸟，但当我想起那个岛时，我想到的却是那副连指手套。多年来，我一直努力像西格丽德那天对我那样善待别人。)”可知，尽管这对夫妇最初遇到了不利的天气条件和困难，但他们遇到了善良的Sigrid，她的热情和善良给他们的旅程带来了温暖。特别是她把手套送给作者以抵御船上的寒冷，这一行为让作者印象深刻，并让她在之后的岁月里努力向别人展现同样的善良。因此，这次旅行可以被描述为“暖心的”。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫在前往Flatey岛观看海鹦的过程中遇到了一位善良的女子Sigrid，并讲述了她把手套送给作者以抵御船上的寒冷的温暖故事，这一温暖的行为让作者印象深刻，并让她在之后的岁月里努力向别人展现同样的善良。因此，选项A“Puffins and Mittens(海鹦和手套)”既包含了文章的主题元素——海鹦，也反映了文章的核心情感——手套所代表的善良和温暖，因此是最佳标题。故选A。
C
Imagine living in a cl, green city filled with parks and threaded with ftpaths, bike lanes and buses which transprt peple t shps, schls and service centers in a matter f minutes. This fancy dream is behind the idea f the 15-minute city, where all basic needs and services are within a quarter f an hur’s reach, imprving public health and reducing pllutin.
Artificial intelligence culd help city planners realize that visin faster, with a new study frm researchers at Tsinghua University in China demnstrating hw machine learning can prduce mre efficient spatial designs than humans can.
Autmatin (自动化) scientist Zheng Yu and his clleagues wanted t find new slutins t ur crwded cities. They develped an AI system t deal with the tugh tasks f city planning and fund it can prduce city plans that utperfrm human designs by abut 50 percent n three aspects: access t services, green spaces and traffic levels.
Starting small, Zheng’s team tasked their mdel with designing the city area nly a few square kilmeters in size(abut 3x3 blcks). After tw days f training, the AI system searched fr the ideal rad layuts and land use t fit with the cncept f the 15-minute city.
While the AI mdel can increase its use fr planning larger city areas, designing an entire city wuld be much mre cmplex. Drafting a neighbrhd cnsisting f 4x4 blcks cntains twice as many planning decisins as designing 3x3 blcks. But autmating even a few steps in the planning prcess can save huge amunts f time: the AI mdel can cmpute in secnds certain tasks that take human planners between 50 t 100 minutes t wrk thrugh.
Autmating certain tasks f city planning wuld free up human planners t fcus n mre challenging r human-centric tasks, such as public engagement and aesthetics.
Rather than AI replacing peple, Zheng thinks their AI system can wrk as an “assistant” t city planners, wh culd prduce cncept designs that are imprved by the system, and reviewed, adjusted by human experts based n cmmunity feedback.
8. What des “that visin” refer t in paragraph 2?
A. Building up a cnvenient and green city.
B. Imprving wrk efficiency in city design.
C. Using AI widely t imprve life in the city.
D. Creating mre needs and services in the city.
9. Hw did Zheng’s team carry ut their study?
A. By cmparing the perfmances f AI and humans.
B. By asking AI t cmplete a design f an entire city.
C. By training human designers fr mre challenging jbs.
D. By hlding a design cmpetitin between AI and humans.
10. Which is AI incapable f cnsidering in city planning accrding t the study?
A. Traffic level.B. Green spaces.
C. Access t services.D. Public engagement.
11. Which f the fllwing statements wuld the authr mst prbably agree with?
A. The use f AI will lead t less friendly cities.
B. Humans shuld deal with minr tasks in city design.
C. AI can wrk with humans t create mre livable cities.
D. AI will take the place f human experts in the future.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章的主旨是讨论如何利用人工智能（AI）在城市规划中实现15分钟城市的概念，即居民的所有基本需求和服务都能在15分钟内得到满足，以提高公共健康和减少污染。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Imagine living in a cl, green city filled with parks and threaded with ftpaths, bike lanes and buses which transprt peple t shps, schls and service centers in a matter f minutes. This fancy dream is behind the idea f the 15-minute city, where all basic needs and services are within a quarter f an hur’s reach, imprving public health and reducing pllutin.(想象一下，生活在一个凉爽、绿色的城市里，到处都是公园，人行道、自行车道和公共汽车，这些公共汽车可以在几分钟内把人们送到商店、学校和服务中心。这个奇特的梦想是“15分钟城市”理念的背后，在这里，所有的基本需求和服务都在一刻钟的时间内到达，改善了公众健康，减少了污染。)”以及划线词所在的句子“Artificial intelligence culd help city planners realize that visin faster(人工智能可以帮助城市规划者更快地实现这一愿景)”可知，此处的“愿景”指的是前文所提的“这个奇特的梦想是‘15分钟城市’理念”，即建设便捷绿色城市。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“They develped an AI system t deal with the tugh tasks f city planning and fund it can prduce city plans that utperfrm human designs by abut 50 percent n three aspects: access t services, green spaces and traffic levels.(他们开发了一种人工智能系统来处理城市规划的艰巨任务，并发现它可以在服务可及性、绿地和交通水平三个方面比人类设计的城市规划高出约50%。)”可知，在Zheng团队的研究中，他们通过比较人工智能和人类在城市规划方面的性能来进行实验，AI系统在服务可达性、绿地面积和交通水平三个方面优于人类设计约50%。由此该研究是通过比较的方式开展的。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Autmating certain tasks f city planning wuld free up human planners t fcus n mre challenging r human-centric tasks, such as public engagement and aesthetics.(自动化城市规划的某些任务将使人类规划师能够专注于更具挑战性或以人为本的任务，如公众参与和美学设计。)”可知，自动化城市规划任务可以让人类规划师专注于更具挑战性或以人为中心的任务，如公众参与和美学，暗示AI目前无法考虑这些因素。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rather than AI replacing peple, Zheng thinks their AI system can wrk as an “assistant” t city planners, wh culd prduce cncept designs that are imprved by the system, and reviewed, adjusted by human experts based n cmmunity feedback.(郑认为，他们的人工智能系统可以作为城市规划者的“助手”，而不是人工智能取代人类，他们可以产生由系统改进的概念设计，并由人类专家根据社区反馈进行审查和调整。)”可知，作者认为人工智能可以作为城市规划者的“助手”，帮助完成概念设计，并由人类专家根据社区反馈进行调整即人工智能可以与人类合作，创造更宜居的城市。故选C。
D
A study published by the Max Planck Institute fr Human Cgnitive and Brain Science fund that musicians wh wrk in the tw fields shw significantly different brain activity, even when they’re playing the same music.
The research culd help explain why musicians seem t stand ut in ne r ther style, and nt usually in bth.
The study utlines tw steps in playing the pian: what the pianist is ging t play — meaning the keys they press — and hw they are ging t play — which fingers they shuld use. Classical pianists tend t fcus n the secnd step — the “hw”. This means their fcus is n technique and the persnal expressin they add t the piece. Jazz pianists n the ther hand fcus n the “what”, meaning they are always prepared t imprvise (即兴创作) and adapt the ntes they’re playing.
The study included 30 prfessinal pianists, half f whm were jazz players and half f whm were classical. Bth grups were shwn a hand playing a sequence f chrds (和音) n a screen. The sequence was arranged irregularly with mistakes in harmnies and fingering. The pianists had t reprduce the hand mvements and react t the irregularities, while their brain signals were recrded with sensrs n their head.
The study fund that different prcesses ccurred in the brains f the jazz and classical pianists. In particular, the jazz pianists’ brains began re-planning sner than the classical pianists’ brains.
The study fund the classical pianists cncentrated n the fingering and technique f their playing, while the jazz pianists were mre prepared t change the ntes they played. “In the jazz pianists we fund evidence frm the brain signals fr this flexibility in planning harmnies when playing the pian,” says researcher Rberta Bianc. “When we asked them t play a harmnically unexpected chrd, their brains started t re-plan he actins faster than classical pianists. Accrdingly, they were better able t react and cntinue their perfrmances.”
12. What’s the purpse f the text?
A. T explain “what” and “hw” in playing the pian.
B. T intrduce a study n playing styles f musicians.
C. T cmpare the skill levels f jazz and classical pianists.
D. T argue wh are smarter between musicians f tw fields.
13. What d classical pianists pay mre attentin t in their perfrmances?
A. The fingers they use.B. The patterns they perfrm.
C. The ntes they play.D. The atmsphere they create.
14. What des paragraph 4 fcus n?
A. Majr findings f the research.
B. Explanatin f research methds.
C. Supprting evidence fr the research results.
D. Future applicatin f the research findings.
15. Why are jazz players thught t be mre flexible?
A. They care mre abut playing technique.
B. They are better at crrecting musical mistakes.
C. They are mre ready fr the change while playing.
D. They are likely t add persnal expressin t the music.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述一项研究发现，即使演奏同一首音乐，从事两种领域的音乐家的大脑活动也有显著的不同，介绍了不同音乐风格对音乐家大脑活动的影响，特别是古典与爵士音乐风格之间的对比，以及这两种风格下音乐家大脑处理音乐的差异。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“A study published by the Max Planck Institute fr Human Cgnitive and Brain Science fund that musicians wh wrk in the tw fields shw significantly different brain activity, even when they’re playing the same music.(马克斯普朗克人类认知和脑科学研究所发表的一项研究发现，在这两个领域工作的音乐家表现出明显不同的大脑活动，即使他们在演奏同样的音乐。)”以及第二段中“The research culd help explain why musicians seem t stand ut in ne r ther style, and nt usually in bth.( 这项研究可以帮助解释为什么音乐家似乎在一种或另一种风格中脱颖而出，而不是两者兼而有之。)”可知，文章主要介绍了马克斯普朗克人类认知和脑科学研究所发表的一项研究，该研究发现演奏不同风格音乐的音乐家在大脑活动上存在显著差异，这有助于解释为什么音乐家通常只擅长一种风格而不是两种。因此，文章的主要目的是介绍一项关于音乐家演奏风格的研究。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The study utlines tw steps in playing the pian: what the pianist is ging t play — meaning the keys they press — and hw they are ging t play — which fingers they shuld use. Classical pianists tend t fcus n the secnd step — the “hw”. This means their fcus is n technique and the persnal expressin they add t the piece. (这项研究概述了弹钢琴的两个步骤：钢琴家要弹什么——指的是他们按的键——以及他们要怎么弹——他们应该用哪根手指。古典钢琴家倾向于关注第二步——“如何”。这意味着他们的重点是技术和他们添加到作品中的个人表达。)”可知，古典钢琴家更关注“如何演奏”，也就是指法和技术，因此他们在表演中更注重使用的手指。故选A。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“The study included 30 prfessinal pianists, half f whm were jazz players and half f whm were classical. Bth grups were shwn a hand playing a sequence f chrds(和音) n a screen. The sequence was arranged irregularly with mistakes in harmnies and fingering. The pianists had t reprduce the hand mvements and react t the irregularities, while their brain signals were recrded with sensrs n their head.( 这项研究包括30名专业钢琴家，其中一半是爵士演奏者，一半是古典演奏者。两组人都在屏幕上看到一只手在弹奏一系列和弦。该序列排列不规则，在和声和指法上都有错误。钢琴家们必须重现手的动作，并对不规则的动作做出反应，同时他们的大脑信号被头上的传感器记录下来。)”可知，本段描述了研究的具体过程，包括参与者的选择、实验设置、实验过程以及数据的收集方式等，这些都是对研究方法的解释。因此，本段主要聚焦于研究方法的解释。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ “In the jazz pianists we fund evidence frm the brain signals fr this flexibility in planning harmnies when playing the pian,” says researcher Rberta Bianc. “When we asked them t play a harmnically unexpected chrd, their brains started t re-plan he actins faster than classical pianists. Accrdingly, they were better able t react and cntinue their perfrmances.”(‘我们从爵士乐钢琴家的大脑信号中发现了弹钢琴时规划和声的灵活性的证据。’研究人员Rberta Bianc说：‘当我们要求他们演奏一个意想不到的和弦时，他们的大脑开始比古典钢琴家更快地重新规划行动。因此，他们能够更好地反应并继续他们的表演。’)”可知，研究者从爵士乐钢琴家的脑电波中发现了他们演奏和弦时计划的灵活性，并且当要求他们演奏一个和声上意外的和弦时，他们的大脑开始更快地重新规划动作，因此他们能够更好地反应并继续他们的表演。由此可知，爵士乐钢琴家被认为更灵活是因为他们在演奏中更准备好改变。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分;满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的7个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sending astrnauts t Mars is a big challenge. It’s a lng dangerus jurney. And astrnauts will have t take EVERYTHING they need. ____16____
Launching things int space is expensive. “T get t Mars, we already have the technlgy,” says Michael Flynn. “The prblem is, it’s cstly.”
____17____ Instead f building a heavy spaceship and packing it full f stuff, why nt build Water Walls—a recycling system and use the stuff as part f the spaceship?
Making xygen and taking away carbn dixide——the waste gas yu breathe ut—is ne prblem in space. Water Walls will remve carbn dixide the same way it’s dne here n Earth—with living plants. Living plants take in carbn dixide t make their fd, and give ff xygen. But plants are hard t grw in a spacecraft. ____18____
Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls t, fed by pp and sunlight, eating up carbn dixide and making xygen fr the astrnauts t breathe.
____19____ It’s cmpact (紧密的), efficient, and desn’t need a lt f fancy machinery that might break dwn. A missin t Mars will require astrnauts t get back t nature.
Alas, the human bdy needs a lt f help t survive in space. If nly we were mre like the tardigrade! Tardigrades are very tiny insect-like creatures that live in sil. When they find themselves in danger, they rll themselves up int a ball and dry ut. In this state they can survive withut fd r water fr 100 years. ____20____
A. Algae can be a gd chice.
B. Nthing is wasted in the spacecraft.
C. But Flynn thinks he has a slutin.
D. S a trip t Mars is full f packing challenge.
E. If nly we culd train them t fly a spaceship.
F. This nbard recycling system has many advantages.
G. The mre yu take, the mre rckets yu must launch, and the mre it csts.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了关于火星之旅的挑战、成本问题以及一种可能的解决方案——使用Water Walls回收系统，并提到了藻类作为可能的选择，以及这种系统的一些优势。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Sending astrnauts t Mars is a big challenge. It’s a lng, dangerus jurney. And astrnauts will have t take EVERYTHING they need.(将宇航员送上火星是一项巨大的挑战。这是一段漫长而危险的旅程。宇航员将不得不带上他们所需要的一切)”可知，设空位于段尾是对前文的总结，所以D项“S a trip t Mars is full f packing challenge.(所以火星之旅充满了打包的挑战)”符合文意，是对前文的总结，宇航员需要带上很多东西，但是空间有限，所以充满了打包的挑战。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据第二段“Launching things int space is expensive. “T get t Mars, we already have the technlgy,” says Michael Flynn. “The prblem is, it’s cstly.”(向太空发射东西是昂贵的。“为了到达火星，我们已经有了技术，”迈克尔·弗林说。“问题是，成本太高了。”)”可知，此处是讲述送东西到火星，成本太高，后文“Instead f building a heavy spaceship and packing it full f stuff, why nt build Water Walls—a recycling system and use the stuff as part f the spaceship?(与其建造一艘沉重的宇宙飞船并把它装满东西，为什么不建造Water Walls——一个回收系统，把这些东西作为宇宙飞船的一部分呢?)”可知，是提出一种解决方法，所以C项“But Flynn thinks he has a slutin.(但弗林认为他有办法)”符合文意，承接上文，并引出下文。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Making xygen and taking away carbn dixide——the waste gas yu breathe ut—is ne prblem in space. Water Walls will remve carbn dixide the same way it’s dne here n Earth—with living plants. Living plants take in carbn dixide t make their fd, and give ff xygen. But plants are hard t grw in a spacecraft.(制造氧气和带走二氧化碳——你呼出的废气——是太空中的一个问题。Water Walls会像在地球上一样通过植物去除二氧化碳。活的植物吸收二氧化碳来制造食物，并释放氧气。但是植物很难在宇宙飞船中生长)”可知，前文讲述植物很难在宇宙飞船中生长，再根据后文“Algae are tiny plants that live in water.(藻类是生活在水中的微小植物)”可知，后文开始介绍藻类，所以空处应是提到用藻类解决指物很难在宇宙飞船中生长问题，所以A项“Algae can be a gd chice.(藻类是一个不错的选择)”符合文意，提出解决方案，引出下文。故选A项。
【19题详解】
设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“It’s cmpact (紧密的), efficient, and desn’t need a lt f fancy machinery that might break dwn. A missin t Mars will require astrnauts t get back t nature.(它紧凑、高效，而且不需要很多可能会坏掉的花哨机器。前往火星的任务将要求宇航员回归大自然)”可知，本段在讲述Water Walls回收系统的优点，所以F项“This nbard recycling system has many advantages.(这种机载回收系统有许多优点)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选F项。
【20题详解】
设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Alas, the human bdy needs a lt f help t survive in space. If nly we were mre like the tardigrade! Tardigrades are very tiny insect-like creatures that live in sil. When they find themselves in danger, they rll themselves up int a ball and dry ut. In this state they can survive withut fd r water fr 100 years.(唉，人体需要很多帮助才能在太空中生存。要是我们更像水熊虫就好了!缓步动物是一种非常小的昆虫状生物，生活在土壤中。当它们发现自己有危险时，它们会把自己卷成一团，然后干死。在这种状态下，他们可以在没有食物和水的情况下生存100年)”可知，此处是在讲述水熊虫这种生物对于宇宙航行的优势，所以E项“If nly we culd train them t fly a spaceship.(要是我们能训练他们驾驶宇宙飞船就好了)”是对前文提到的水熊虫的假设，符合文意。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识及应用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In central Afghanistan’s Bamyan Valley stands the famus Buddhas f Bamyan (巴米扬大佛). Hemmat was selling tickets fr the cultural heritage inside a cl ticket ffice instead f in the ____21____ sun. Hwever, that had nt always been the ____22____.
“In the past, we wrked in the sun, snw and rain,” Hemmat said. Things have been ____23____ after the building f tw ticket ffices which are als ____24____ as cnservatin wrk statins in the daytime, and security guard psitins at night.
These ticket ffices are built with the ____25____ f a grup f yung schlars frm China’s universities, and Friends f Dunhuang, wh have dnated mney fr the ____26____.
Due t years f war and ecnmic hardships, ____27____ in Bamyan Valley were nt ____28____ and cleaned fr a lng time, let alne being presented with an intrductin. The ____29____ that were stpping the _____30_____ f the cultural heritage have been slved nw. “With ur specific suggestins and financial _____31_____, mst f the caves near the Buddha site have been _____32_____ numbered and installed with intrductin nameplates,” said Sha Xuecheng, a member f Friends f Dunhuang.
In additin, the Chinese schlars started a _____33_____ t teach lcal children hw t preserve cultural heritages. Kids frm pr families culd receive _____34_____ fr free.
China’s great effrts in cultural heritage prtectin have been widely _____35_____. “I am grateful t ur Chinese friends,” Hemmat said.
21. A. burningB. risingC. warmD. glden
22. A. truthB. standardC. caseD. traditin
23 A. unexpectedB. wrsenedC. affectedD. imprved
24. A. regardedB. usedC. describedD. identified
25. A. assistanceB. beliefC. encuragementD. creativity
26. A. guardsB. lcalsC. cnstructinD. shelter
27. A. fficesB. cavesC. facilitiesD. buildings
28. A. explredB. discveredC. rememberedD. numbered
29. A. ideasB. prblemsC. warningsD. puzzles
30. A. develpmentB. challengesC. prtectinD. damage
31. A. supprtB. managementC. planningD. reprt
32. A. fficiallyB. intentinallyC. carelesslyD. easily
33. A. businessB. prgramC. careerD. study
34 A. fdB. mneyC. infrmatinD. training
35. A. enjyedB. recgnizedC. discussedD. ignred
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国在阿富汗巴米扬山谷的文化遗产保护工作中所做出的贡献和努力。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hemmat在凉爽的售票处出售文化遗产门票，而不是在烈日下。A. burning炙热的；B. rising升起的；C. warm温暖的；D. glden金色的。根据上文“inside a cl ticket ffice instead f”可知，Hemmat没有在烈日下卖票，而是在凉爽的售票处，空格处意为“炙热的”。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，之前情况并非总是如此。A. truth真相；B. standard标准；C. case情况；D. traditin传统。根据下文“In the past, we wrked in the sun, snw and rain”可知，在以前，情况并不是上文所描述的那样。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在建成两个售票处后，情况有所改善，售票处白天也用作保护工作站，晚上也用作保安岗位。A. unexpected出乎意料；B. wrsened恶化；C. affected影响；D. imprved改善。根据下文“after the building f tw ticket ffices”可知，在建成两个售票处后，情况有所改善。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在建成两个售票处后，情况有所改善，售票处白天也用作保护工作站，晚上也用作保安岗位。A. regarded认为；B. used用；C. described描述；D. identified识别。根据下文“as cnservatin wrk statins”可知，售票处被当作保护工作站，be used as意为“被用作”。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些售票处是在一群来自中国大学的年轻学者和敦煌之友的帮助下建造的，他们为建造提供了资金。A. assistance帮助；B. belief信念；C. encuragement鼓励；D. creativity创造力。根据下文“wh have dnated mney”可知，年轻学者和敦煌之友帮助建了售票处。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些售票处是在一群来自中国大学的年轻学者和敦煌之友的帮助下建造的，他们为建造提供了资金。A. guards守卫；B. lcals当地人；C. cnstructin建造；D. shelter避难所。根据上文“These ticket ffices are built with the ___5__ f a grup f yung schlars frm China’s universities, and Friends f Dunhuang”可知，年轻学者和敦煌之友为了建售票处提供资金。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于多年的战争和经济困难，巴米扬山谷的洞穴很长一段时间没有编号和清洁，更不用说介绍了。A. ffices办公室；B. caves洞穴；C. facilities设施；D. buildings建筑。根据下文“mst f the caves near the Buddha site have been __12__ numbered”可知，此处表示巴米扬山谷中的洞穴没有编号。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于多年的战争和经济困难，巴米扬山谷的洞穴很长一段时间没有编号和清洁，更不用说介绍了。A. explred探索；B. discvered发现；C. remembered记得；D. numbered编号。根据下文“mst f the caves near the Buddha site have been__12__numbered”可知，巴米扬山谷的洞穴很长一段时间没有编号。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：阻碍文化遗产保护的问题现在已经解决了。A. ideas想法；B. prblems问题；C. warnings警告；D. puzzles谜题。根据上文“years f war and ecnmic hardships”和下文“that were stpping the___10__f the cultural heritage”可知，此处表示阻碍文化遗产保护的一些问题。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：阻碍文化遗产保护的问题现在已经解决了。A. develpment发展；B. challenges挑战；C. prtectin保护；D. damage破坏。根据上文“___7__ in Bamyan Valley were nt __8__ and cleaned”可知，文化遗产的保护遇到了问题。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：敦煌之友的成员邵学成表示：“在我们的具体建议和资金支持下，佛寺附近的大多数洞穴都已正式编号，并安装了介绍铭牌。”A. supprt支持；B. management管理；C. planning计划；D. reprt报道。根据上一段“Friends f Dunhuang, wh have dnated mney”可知，在敦煌之友的资金支持下，大多数洞穴被编号。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：敦煌之友的成员邵学成表示：“在我们的具体建议和资金支持下，佛寺附近的大多数洞穴都已正式编号，并安装了介绍铭牌。”A. fficially正式地；B. intentinally故意地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. easily容易地。根据下文“numbered and installed with intrductin nameplates”可知，那些洞穴是被正式编号的。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，中国学者还启动了一个项目，教当地儿童如何保护文化遗产。A. business生意；B. prgram项目；C. career职业，生涯；D. study学习。根据下文“t teach lcal children hw t preserve cultural heritages”可知，中国学者启动了一个项目来教当地儿童如何保护文化遗产。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：贫困家庭的孩子可以免费接受培训。A. fd食物；B. mney钱；C. infrmatin信息；D. training培训。根据上文“the Chinese schlars started a __13___ t teach lcal children hw t preserve cultural heritages”可知，此处表示中国学者启动了项目来教当地儿童如何保护文化遗产，贫困家庭的孩子可以免费接受培训。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国在文化遗产保护方面的巨大努力得到了广泛认可。A. enjyed喜欢；B. recgnized认可；C. discussed讨论；D. ignred忽视。根据下文“I am grateful t ur Chinese friends”可知，作为当地人的Hemmat对中国朋友是感激的，由此可见，中国在文化遗产保护方面的巨大努力得到了广泛认可。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many peple hld at least ne memry f a kite frm their childhds. It culd be a sunny spring day in ____36____pen area with family members. ____37____ the wind picks up, the flyer runs as fast as they can, until the kite climbs high int the sky and dances ____38____the air.
Kites’ rigins can date back t the late Spring and Autumn Perid (770——476 BC). Histrical accunts shwed that philspher Mzi spent three years crafting a wden hawk, ____39____is believed t be a prttype (原型) f tday’s kite. Later, Lu Ban made imprvements by using bamb instead f wd.
Kites are cnsidered ne f the ____40____ (early) frms f aircraft. Peple bserved birds and thught f using wd and paper ____41____ (make) bjects that culd fly in the sky. They ____42____ (drive) by curisity and a spirit f scientific ____43____ (explre) t understand and make use f the pwer f wind. In China, Weifang, Beijing, Tianjin and Jiangsu prvince’s Nantng are fur majr areas that are celebrated fr unique kite-making ____44____ (skill). Yet they all share the same devtin t preserving and _____45_____ (prmte) traditinal craftsmanship.
【答案】36. an 37. As
38. in 39. which
40. earliest
41. t make
42. were driven
43. explratin
44. skills 45. prmting
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了风筝的起源。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这可能是一个阳光明媚的春日，和家人在开阔的地方。 短语in an pen area，意为“在一个空旷的地区”，这里用冠词修饰名词area表泛指，pen是以元音音素开头，故填an。
【37题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：当风起的时候，风筝会以最快的速度奔跑，直到风筝爬上天空，在空中跳舞。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候，随着”，用连词as，句首单词首字母大写，故填As。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。短语in the air，意为“在空中”，符合句意，故填in。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：历史记载表明，哲学家墨子花了三年时间制作了一只木制的鹰，这被认为是今天风筝的原型。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a wden hawk，从句中缺少主语，故填which。
【40题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：风筝被认为是最早的飞行器之一。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词，根据句意可知表示最早的，应用形容词最高级，故填earliest。
41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：人们观察到鸟类，就想到用木头和纸制作可以在空中飞行的物体。短语use…t d…，意为“使用……去做……”，符合句意，故填t make。
【42题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在好奇心和科学探索精神的驱使下，他们了解并利用了风的力量。设空处为谓语，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语They，谓语用复数形式，故填were driven。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。设空处为介词f的宾语，应用名词explratin，这里表科学探索，不可数，故填explratin。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：在中国，潍坊、北京、天津和江苏南通是四大以独特的风筝制作技术而闻名的地区。设空处为介词fr的宾语，应用名词skill，这里表示泛指技术，应用复数形式，故填skills。
【45题详解】
考查动名词。句意：然而，他们都致力于保护和推广传统工艺。设空处和preserving并列作t的宾语，应用动名词，故填prmting。
第四部分 写作(共三节，满分50分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据所给的中文提示，填写适当的单词。将每一题的答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。
46. ______ (受到启发) by dlphins, peple have learnt hw t send signals underwater. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Inspired
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受海豚的启发，人们学会了如何在水下发送信号。“启发”inspire，句中谓语是have learnt，空格处用非谓语动词，inspire与逻辑主语peple之间是被动关系，所以空格处用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Inspired。
47. Arriving at the finish line, Daniel saw lts f peple waiting n bats t ______(欢迎)him. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】welcme##greet
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：到达终点线时，丹尼尔看到很多人在船上等着欢迎他。设空处使用动词与空前的t构成不定式结构（作目的状语），表示“欢迎”用welcme或者greet。故填welcme/greet。
48. The rganizatin was frmed with the ______ (目的) f helping lcal peple. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】aim
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：该组织成立的目的是帮助当地人民。“目的”为名词aim作宾语，with the aim f ding sth.意为“旨在做某事”，故填aim。
49. Tday, chpsticks have becme a ______ (典型的) part f Chinese culture. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】typical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：今天，筷子已经成为中国文化的一个典型组成部分。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词typical“典型的”，作定语修饰后面的名词。故填typical。
50. We can chse hw t ______(回应) t situatins that are difficult, r bring, r dangerus. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】respnd
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：我们可以选择如何应对困难、无聊或危险的情况。hw t t意为“如何做某事”，因此空格处用动词原形，“回应”的动词是respnd。故填respnd。
51. Her grandma was the mst lving and giving persn she knew, and it was her family’s ______ (责任) t take care f her. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】respnsibility
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她的奶奶是她所知道的最慈爱和最慷慨的人，照顾她是她家人的责任。根据汉语提示“责任”，应填入名词 respnsibility，作句子表语，故填respnsibility。
52. Recently, we have ______ (争论) a great deal abut whether we need much mney. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】argued
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：最近，我们对是否需要很多钱进行了大量争论。“争论”argue，动词应用过去分词形式，与空前的have构成现在完成时，符合题意。故填argued。
53. As the ppular ______（谚语）ges, “Every minute cunts!” Set a gal and get ahead! (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】saying
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：常言道：“分秒必争！”设定一个目标，然后向前迈进！“谚语”为saying，此处特指，所以用单数。故填saying。
54. Yang Liwei was ______ (挑选) as an astrnaut candidate in 1998 and had been Trained fr spaceflight. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】selected
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：杨利伟在1998年被选为宇航员候选人，并接受了太空飞行训练。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词select“挑选”，在句中作谓语。根据空前的was可知，本句话一般过去时态的被动语态，表示“杨利伟被选中”，所以空处需要过去分词。故填selected。
55. The weather in May in Suth China is usually ______(温和的), suitable fr an uting. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】mild#gentle
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国南方五月的天气通常是温和的，适合郊游。设空处使用形容词作表语。形容天气，表示“温和的”用mild或gentle。故填mild或gentle。
第二节 句子翻译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
请根据中文及括号内的提示翻译下列句子。将每一题的答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。
56. 如果你留心观察，你会惊讶地发现你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在。（keep ne’s eyes pen）（汉译英）
_________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】If yu keep yur eyes pen, yu will be surprised t find that yu can see bth its past and its present.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句、固定短语、并列连词和宾语从句。根据句意可知，该句的前半部分为if引导的条件状语从句，主句表示将来要发生的事，应使用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时表示将来的动作，表示“你留心观察”应为keep yur eyes pen，主语为yu，所以从句译为if yu keep yur eyes pen，位于句首，if的首字母需大写；表示“你会惊讶地发现你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在”应为主句，使用一般将来时，表示“惊讶地发现”应为be surprised t find，主语是yu，所以be动词为are，所以“你会惊讶地发现”应译为yu will be surprised t find；表示“你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在”为宾语从句作find的宾语，表示“你可以看到”应为yu can see，表示“既……也……”应为bth…and…连接并列结构，表示“他的过去”应为its past，表示“他的现在”应为its present，使用bth…and…将其连接，共同作see的宾语，即bth its past and its present，所以宾语从句译为yu can see bth its past and its present，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以使用that引导宾语从句，所以“你会惊讶地发现你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在”译为yu will be surprised t find that yu can see bth its past and its present。故翻译为If yu keep yur eyes pen, yu will be surprised t find that yu can see bth its past and its present.
57. 很荣幸能在这里与大家分享音乐对我生活的影响。（It’s an hnr t..., have an impact n）（汉译英）
_________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】It's an hnr t be here t share with yu the impact that music has had n my life.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、定语从句。表示“很荣幸”应使用It's an hnr t...结构，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为t d不定式；表示“与某人分享某物”短语为share sth with sb；表示“对……的影响”短语为have an impact n...；“音乐”在句中作为先行词，后跟that引导的定语从句，故翻译为It's an hnr t be here t share with yu the impact that music has had n my life。
58. 搬入新家之前，母亲让人把房子重新装修了一番，把地板都换了（过去分词当宾补，redecrate）（汉译英）
_________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Befre mving int the new hme, my mther had the huse redecrated and all the flrs replaced.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。“搬入新家之前”在句中作时间状语，用短语结构“befre+V-ing…”表达，其中“搬入新家”用动词短语“mve int the new huse”表达，动词用动名词形式，即“befre mving int the new huse”。“母亲”为主语，用“my mther”表达；“让人把房子重新装修了一番”用动词短语“have sth dne”表达，过去分词作宾语补足语，结合语境，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，即“had”；“房子”用“the huse”表达；“重新装修了一番”用动词“redecrate”表达，与huse之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式“redecrated”，即“had the huse redecrated”；“把地板都换了”同样用“have sth dne”表达，“have”用过去式“had”，“地板”用“all the flrs”表达，“更换”用动词“replace”表达，与the flrs之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式“replaced”作宾语补足语，即“had all the flrs replaced”，与之前的“had the huse redecrated”并列，因此可将此处的“had”省略，用and连接两个并列短语。故翻译为：Befre mving int the new hme, my mther had the huse renvated and all the flrs replaced.
59. 学习外语已经被证明让人变得更聪明。（现在完成时被动语态）（汉译英）
_________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Learning a freign language has been prven t make peple smarter.
【解析】
【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。表示“学习外语”用learning a freign language，此处使用动名词作主语，为单数。表示“已经被证明去做某事”使用现在完成时的被动语态，表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，即have been prven t d sth ；表示“让人变得更聪明”用make peple smarter，此处使用形容词smart的比较级smarter作宾补结构。故翻译为Learning a freign language has been prven t make peple smarter.
60. 该节日于每年农历六月初四开始，通常为期3天。(fall n, lunar calendar)（汉译英）
_________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The festival falls n the furth day f the sixth mnth f the lunar calendar every year and usually lasts fr three days.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。“该节日”可翻译为“the festival”，在句中作主语。fall n“落在”，这是一个习惯用法，用来描述事件发生的日期。该动词短语在句中作谓语动词。本句话描述客观事实，所以用一般现在时态。“每年农历六月初四”可翻译为“the furth day f the sixth mnth f the lunar calendar every year”。用and连列两个并列的动词在句中作谓语。“持续”可用动词“last”，在句中作并列谓语。“为期三天”可以翻译为“last fr three days”。“通常”可以用副词“usually”。故翻译为The festival falls n the furth day f the sixth mnth f the lunar calendar every year and usually lasts fr three days.
第三节 书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假定你是李华，计划和同学一起在即将到来的英语文化节中进行戏剧表演。你准备写一封邮件给外教Mr.Smith。邮件的内容包括：
1.戏剧表演计划（戏剧名称、内容等）；
2.征求建议；
3.邀请指导。
注意：
1.写作词数应为100词左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；并在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I am planning t perfrm a drama with my classmates at the upcming English Cultural Festival. I am writing t invite yu t give us sme helpful advice.
We will perfrm the highlights f William Shakespeare Hamlet, which is well-knwn t mst Chinese peple. Hw can we perfrm well and naturally at the stage? What can we d t better shw the character’s characteristics? Can yu give us sme guidance n hw t imprve ur perfrmance? We wuld appreciate it if yu culd be present and give us sme suggestins.
We are lking frward t yur arrival.
Yurs sincerely
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生给外教Mr.Smith写一封邮件，就你和同学计划一起在即将到来的英语文化节中进行戏剧表演一事征求建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
有用的：helpful→useful
特点：characteristics→features
建议：advice→tips
提高：imprve→enhance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing t invite yu t give us sme helpful advice.
拓展句：Since yu have studied s much abut drama perfrmance, I am writing t invite yu t give us sme helpful advice.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We will perfrm the highlights f William Shakespeare Hamlet, which is well-knwn t mst Chinese peple. (由which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】We wuld appreciate it if yu culd be present and give us sme suggestins.(运用了固定句型)
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