2024年山东省济宁市高考英语三模试卷（含详细答案解析）

这是一份2024年山东省济宁市高考英语三模试卷（含详细答案解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
&Juliet Musical n Bradway
She's strnger than yesterday!Fllwing a successful three-year run in Lndn's West End，the pp musical &Juliet is nw n Bradway with nine Tny Award nminatins，including Best Musical.
What is &Juliet abut？
It kicks ff nearly where Rme &Juliet left ff：right befre Juliet's death.This isn't a retelling f Shakespeare's tragedy，thugh.It's a whle new stry in which Juliet decides lsing Rme desn't mean she shuld die.Instead，she ges n a jurney f self-discvery t Paris.Accmpanied by her friends，including sme characters frm the riginal play，like the nurse，as well as new characters，like her friends Francis and May，she ges t parties，makes new friends，and sees what the wrld has t ffer beynd the walls f Verna.
What sngs are in &Juliet？
Yu may listen t tp 40 radi，but yu've never heard yur favrite sngs like this.8 Juliet has ne new sng，but the shw mstly includes existing ppular music.All 30 pp sngs in Juliet were written r c-written by Max Martin，wh's behind the hits f stars like Britney Spears，Katy Perry，and The Backstreet Bys.Anyne wh grew up with，r just knws all the wrds t，hits frm the 90s thrugh tday will relive their teenage dreams at this shw.
Mre infrmatin abut & Juliet
Since having its wrld premiere（首映） in 2019 in Lndn's West End，&Juliet made its Nrth American debut in Trnt and als its Australian premiere in Melburne in February 2023.
Pick yur tickets
1.What happens t Juliet in the musical？ ______
A. She fllws Rme's ftsteps.B. She starts a new chapter.
C. She returns t Verna.D. She travels glbally.
2.What can we learn abut the sngs in the musical？ ______
A. They feature classical styles.B. They reflect teenage dreams.
C. They are riginally cmpsed.D. They are created by a master.
3.On which day are tickets still available？ ______
A. May 7.B. May 20.C. May 26.D. May 30.
B
James Rainey reads trees like mst peple read signpsts.The senir eclgist is using a small hand camera t identify a lichen（地衣） that is surrunding the base f wild pines （松树） in a deep narrw valley n the west cast f Sctland.He is lking fr eclgical clues f species assciated with the ancient Calednian Frest，which nce cvered mst f the Highlands.
Wild pines have been grwing in Sctland cntinuusly since the ice age，ffering a glbally unique ecsystem supprting rare wildlife.But nw less than 2%f the riginal grwth survives，with just 14 individual Calednian pinewd sites nw fficially recgnized."T meet the demand fr mre wd，many wild pines in Highlands have been remved t make rm fr cmmercial frestry，"says Rainey."This was ften dne in ancient wdlands and was really damaging t the remaining trees."
But restratin is still pssible，especially since sme ld trees still survive alng with the ancient wdland sil and seedbank-seeds stred in the sil，which can grw nce the heavy shade f cmmercial cnifers（针叶树） is remved.
The eclgical investigatr uses three clues f evidence t discver where these pinewds first std."First there's the histrical evidence，like ld maps and texts.Then cmes the landscape cntext：is the pine assciated with planting arund a big huse，r is the setting mre natural？And finally I use the eclgical evidence：wild pine usually grw alngside ld birch trees，which indicates eclgical cntinuity，"explains Rainey.
Rainey has identified 23 pines in this area，all rted in places least accessible.Their needles have been taken fr genetic testing t cnfirm their family trees."This wuld have been filled with trees but is nw empty-these are the mst critical areas in need f regeneratin and we want the whle f the ancient wdlands t recver，nt just the pines，"he said.
4.Why are the wild pines cnsidered t be s significant？ ______
A. They act as a signpst fr the highland.
B. They are an indicatr f an ancient frest.
C. They are an alternative t cmmercial frestry.
D. They prvide a shelter fr certain species f lichen.
5.What is essential fr the restratin f ancient pinewds？ ______
A. The existence f ancient seeds.
B. The presence f cmmercial cnifers.
C. The awareness f the frest prtectin.
D. The applicatin f the advanced technlgy.
6.Hw des Rainey determine the riginal lcatin f the pinewds？ ______
A. By lcating big huses.
B. By cnsulting histrians.
C. By referring t digital maps.
D. By making the mst f surrundings.
7.What is the ultimate Rainey's gal？ ______
A. T cnfirm the genes f the pine.
B. T restre the ld-grwth wdlands.
C. T explre the unfrequented places.
D. T enrich the diversity f the wild pines.
C
A new data crwdsurcing platfrm，an initiative led by Dr.Ianna Sitaridu at Cambridge University，wh has been studying Rmeyka fr the last 16 years，aims t preserve the sund f Rmeyka，an endangered millennia-ld variety f Greek.Experts cnsider the language t be a linguistic（语言的） gldmine and a living bridge t the ancient wrld.
Rmeyka，which des nt have a writing system and has been transmitted nly in spken frm，is thught t have nly a cuple f thusand native speakers left in Turkey's Trabzn regin.Extensive cntact with Turkish，the absence f supprt systems t facilitate intergeneratinal transmissin，and migratin have all taken their tll n Rmeyka.A large majrity f native speakers in Trabzn are ver 65 years f age and fewer yung peple are learning the language.
The newly launched Crwdsurcing Rmeyka platfrm invites members f the public frm anywhere in the wrld t uplad audi recrdings f Rmeyka being spken."Speech crwdsurcing is a new tl which helps speakers build a database f spken materials fr their endangered languages，allws researchers t dcument these languages，and mtivates speakers t appreciate their wn linguistic heritage（遗产）.At the same time，by preserving their language，it can help speakers achieve acknwledgement f their identity frm peple utside f their speech cmmunity，"said Dr.Sitaridu.
The innvative tl is designed by a Harvard undergraduate in Cmputer Science，Mr Matthew Nazari，himself a heritage speaker f Rmeyka.Tgether they hpe that this new tl will pave the way fr the prductin f language materials in a naturalistic learning envirnment away frm the classrm，but based instead arund everyday use and cmmunity.
By engaging with lcal cmmunities，particularly female speakers，Sitaridu has gathered the largest cllectin f audi and vide data in existence and amunting t mre than 29 GB f surced data，and has authred 21 peer-reviewed publicatins.A Yu Tube film abut Sitaridu's fieldwrk has received 723，000 views t-date.
8.Why is it necessary t preserve Rmeyka？ ______
A. It is a variety f Greek.
B. It has a unique writing system.
C. It can generate cmmercial value.
D. It can strengthen the bnd with the past.
9.Which can replace the underlined phrase"taken their tll n"in paragraph 2？ ______
A. Had a negative influence n.B. Taken full advantage f.
C. Played a leading rle in.D. Thrwn new light n.
10.What des paragraph 3 want t stress abut the platfrm？ ______
A. Its prspect.B. Its riginality.
C. Its significance.D. Its limitatin.
11.Which can best describe Dr.Sitaridu's wrk？ ______
A. Cnventinal.B. Eventful.C. Fruitful.D. Debatable.
D
Have yu ever fund yurself having intrusive（侵扰的） thughts abut smething yu haven't finished？Maybe a half-dne wrk prject is keeping yu up at night r the suspenseful plt f a nvel yu're reading keeps circling yur thughts.There is a reasn why it's s hard t stp thinking abut uncmpleted and interrupted tasks，and psychlgists called it the Zeigarnik effect（Z-effect）.
The Ziegarnik effect was first bserved by a Russian psychlgist named Bluma Zeigarnik.While sitting in a busy restaurant in Vienna，Ziegarnik nted that the waiters had better memries f unpaid rders.Once the bill was paid，hwever，the waiters had truble remembering the exact details f the rders.
Zeigarnik did a series f experiments，in which participants were asked t cmplete simple tasks such as putting tgether puzzles，r slving math prblems.Half f the participants were interrupted partway thrugh ding these tasks.After an hur-lng wait，Zeigarnik asked the participants t describe what they had been wrking n.She discvere that the peple wh had been interrupted in their wrk were twice as likely t remember what they had been ding as the peple wh had been able t cmplete the tasks.
We are living in an infrmatin explsin era，and we need mental tricks t help us remember a great deal f infrmatin.The Zeigarnik effect serves as a prime example.We hld n t infrmatin in the shrt term by cnstantly pulling it back int ur awareness.By thinking f uncmpleted tasks ften，we're mre likely t keep remembering them until they get dne.
The Zeigarnik effect tells us a lt abut hw memry wrks and yu can use the Zeigarnik effect t yur advantage.If yu are struggling t memrize smething imprtant，mmentary interruptins might wrk t yur advantage.Rather than simply repeating the infrmatin，review it a few times，and then take a break.Nevertheless，leaving t many tasks unfinished can lead t feelings f verwhelm and anxiety.Therefre，it's crucial t use this effect wisely in practical applicatins.
12.What is the typical characteristic f the Z-effect？ ______
A. Tending t memrize unfinished tasks.
B. Trying t finish varius tasks at a time.
C. Perfrming terribly during a task.
D. Suspending an uncmpleted task.
13.What is the functin f paragraph 3？ ______
A. T classify a cncept.
B. T prvide further evidence.
C. T stress the experiment's cmplexity.
D. T add sme backgrund infrmatin.
14.Which is a practical applicatin f the Z-effect？ ______
A. Reading a whle stry in ne breath.
B. Prducing a drama with unexpected endings.
C. Keeping several windws pen n yur cmputer.
D. Airing ads during the suspenseful mments in a TV series.
15.What can be a suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. The Z-Effect：Hw Interruptins Enhance Memry
B. The Z-Effect：Hw t Bst Recall f Finished Tasks
C. The Pwer f Cmpleting Tasks Ahead f Schedule
D. The Tricks f Develping Lng-term Memry
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Frm delays t strikes，trains aren't always the smthest way t travel. （1） ______ Just a few mnths ag，they went up n average by 4.9%in England.Frtunately，there are ways t bring dwn the cst f yur ticket.
First up，think abut hw yu bk yur tickets.Sme third party sites will charge yu fr mst bkings. （2） ______ Sme fficial bking sites and apps have lyalty prgrams，such as LNER which ffers 2% back n jurneys n its rutes.Uber als sells train tickets and until the end f June it ffers 10% back in credits.
（ 3） ______ With mst rail peratrs，the earlier yu bk yur ticket，the cheaper it's ging t be.Yu'll usually be able t pick up advance fares 12 weeks befre yu travel，and prices gradually rise the clser yu get t yur departure date.Sme rutes will have advance prices up until the day befre and even n the day.
A split（分开的） ticket shuldn't wrk，but it can.Dn't buy a direct ticket frm A t B. （4） ______ At its mst basic，yu'll g frm A t C，then frm C t B，thugh it culd easily be a lnger chain.It wrks best n lng jurneys.
If yu're regularly travelling n the same rute mst days，then a seasn ticket will save yu mney.Of curse that will invlve a larger upfrnt cst，s it's wrth seeing if yu can get an interest-free lan frm yur emplyer fr this which yu'll pay back via yur salary. （5） ______ Just make sure with the latter that yu pay at least the minimum amunt each mnth and that yu clear the full balance befre the year is ut.
A.They're als nt that cheap.
B.Bking in advance als helps.
C.They are nt as fast and cnvenient as planes，either.
D.Hwever，with careful calculatins，yu have a lt t gain.
E.Instead，buy multiple tickets that break the jurney up，and pay less.
F.But if instead yu g direct with a rail cmpany，yu can avid this.
G.If nt，yu can try a zer-percent interest purchase credit card which will d the same thing.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Nancy Beiman was 65.When she was cnsidering retirement frm her jb as a prfessr f animatin，she had n （1） ______ hw she wuld fill her days.（2） ______ this，she wke up ne day with the idea fr a cmic strip（连环画）.
Beiman had been ding her animatin mstly n cmputers but fr this new idea，she （3） ______ t drawing characters n paper.The （4） ______ was FurBabies，a series abut a mixed family f dgs，a cat and a child wh can all speak the same language.
Beiman wasn't planning n （5） ______ with the idea until she shwed them t her friend，the cartnist Lynn Jhnstn，wh thught （6） ______ f the drawings and gave her advice n hw t develp little scripts（脚本）.
Obviusly，as a prfessinal animatr，Beiman was n （7） ______ t wrking with larger-than-life characters.Even s，she says the （8） ______ frm animatin t cmics wasn't as easy as it sunds."Cmic strips are abut illustrating verbal humur while animatin （9） ______ mving images and des nt depend n dialgue."
Fllwing her friend's （10） ______ ，she wrte 24 mini-scripts.A few mnths later，she （11） ______ them t the website GCmics and successfully gt （12） ______ .
One（13） ______ f mving int cmics，Beiman believes，is that it ffers sme prtectin frm "incredibly ageist"animatin studis which （14） ______ t develp stries frm yunger peple.（15） ______ ，even at 90 yu can still d cmics.The great thing is，if yu can keep drawing，yu can keep ging.
21.A. clueB. ptinC. luckD. predictin
22.A. Dreaming fB. Insisting nC. Puzzling verD. Missing ut
23.A. referredB. returnedC. bjectedD. admitted
24.A. cnceptB. resultC. phenmennD. prf
25.A. agreeingB. experimentingC. interactingD. cntinuing
26.A. highlyB. lightlyC. lgicallyD. curiusly
27.A. jkerB. cheaterC. strangerD. talker
28.A. escapeB. separatinC. exchangeD. switch
29.A. invlvesB. avidsC. risksD. resists
30.A. exampleB. guidanceC. heartD. passin
31.A. giftedB. savedC. distributedD. submitted
32.A. refusedB. inspiredC. signedD. prmted
33.A. challengeB. upsideC. hnrD. pssibility
34.A. prmiseB. tendC. prceedD. fail
35.A. MreverB. TherefreC. OtherwiseD. Hwever
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.
My Thrilling Getaway
T escape the hustle and bustle f Lndn，my family began （1） ______ remarkable staycatin t explre unfamiliar shres f Plymuth in Suth Devn.
After a scenic drive that left us in awe，we fund （2） ______ （ur） standing n Munt Batten beach.The visin befre us was breathtaking-rcky pls and rugh sand，all surrunded by green hills.Walking alng the charming pathway，we immersed（沉浸） urselves in the expansive cean views and the dynamic atmsphere.That evening，warmth filling the air，we gathered arund a crackling bnfire，sharing （3） ______ （ heart） laughter with fellw beachgers.
Eager t explre mre f Plymuth's charm，we set ut fr West He Park the next day，（ 4） ______ prvided a spacius play area fr children，equipped with plentiful （5） ______ （delight）.Our children were ttally attracted and we had a hard time （6） ______ （ tear） them away.
Afterwards，we walked（7） ______ （ leisure） alng He Prmenade twards He Park.Despite the crwds，we enjyed a peaceful walk，greatly （8） ______ （enhance） by the icnic Smeatn's Twer lighthuse.Undubtedly，the highlight f ur jurney was Bvisand Beach.Our children were in their element，building sandcastles and playing in the water，relaxed（9） ______ jyus.
Plymuth （10） ______ （ cast） its spell n us and left us with memries that wuld stay with us fr a lifetime.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.4月22日为世界地球日。你在某国际网站上看到下面两张图片。请你用英语在留言板上发一个帖子，内容包括：
（1）图片简介；
（2）个人感想。

注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请在相应位置作答。
38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Centering myself n the ice f the skating rink（溜冰场），I prepared fr my skating perfrmance.A cnfident smile spread acrss my face.This was the day I'd perfrm my best skating in a year，attempting a challenging jump knwn as the axel（前外一周半跳）.My friend Caleb yelled frm the stands，"Yu can d it，Harper!"My ther friends crssed their fingers.My dad als shuted，"Yu lk beautiful!"
As the music started，I was fully prepared.With a graceful circle，spins，and a brad smile，I began my perfrmance.Everything prgressed smthly until I reached the crucial axel jump.As I prepared t jump，suddenly a mix f excitement and nerves filled me.T be frank，I culd d it when I practiced ff-ice，but I'd nly landed it n-ice several times in my entire life.My cach had strategically placed it at the start f my rutine t ensure my legs were at their peak fr this demanding mve.
I tk the leap，but perfrmed a distinct jump.It was a mere half-circle，falling shrt f the axel's ne and a half.I heard my friends sigh and saw my cach raise an eyebrw.
Determined，I attempted the axel again，but failed.I repeatedly tried and failed，spending s much time n the ice.When my rutine ended，my dress was wet and I was far behind the beat.The silence was deafening，marking the mst embarrassing mments f my skating career.As I skated away，I culd sense the weight f everyne's stare upn me.
As I made my way t my cach and dad，I heard the crwd cheering fr Marl，a charming eight-year-ld，wh was gracefully skating past me，leaving me with an intense sense that my skating career had cme t an end.
My cach handed me my skate guards，asking if I was imprvising（即兴创作） my rutine.I didn't knw hw t reply.My friends were embarrassed fr me，aviding my eyes.They seemed t discuss me except Caleb，my clse friend.He brught me ht chclate and aplgized befre skating his wn rutine.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I felt an urge t g hme，but my dad insisted we wait fr the results._____
With dubt I returned nt the skating rink the next mrning._____
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。由What is & Juliet abut？中It kicks ff nearly where Rme & Juliet left ff：right befre Juliet's death.This isn't a retelling f Shakespeare's tragedy，thugh.It's a whle new stry in which Juliet decides lsing Rme desn't mean she shuld die.Instead，she ges n a jurney f self-discvery t Paris.Accmpanied by her friends，including sme characters frm the riginal play，like the nurse，as well as new characters，like her friends Francis and May，she ges t parties，makes new friends，and sees what the wrld has t ffer beynd the walls f Verna.（它几乎从罗密欧与朱丽叶的结尾开始：就在朱丽叶去世之前。不过，这并不是对莎士比亚悲剧的复述。这是一个全新的故事，朱丽叶决定失去罗密欧并不意味着她应该死。相反，她去了巴黎进行自我发现之旅。在朋友的陪伴下，她去参加派对，结交新朋友，看看维罗纳墙外的世界能提供什么，其中包括剧中的一些角色，比如护士，以及新角色，比如她的朋友弗朗索瓦和梅。）可知，在音乐剧& Juliet中，Juliet开始了新的篇章。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。由What sngs are in & Juliet？中All 30 pp sngs in & Juliet were written r c-written by Max Martin，wh's behind the hits f stars like Britney Spears，Katy Perry，and The Backstreet Bys.（《& Juliet》中的所有30首流行歌曲都是由马克斯•马丁创作或联合创作的，他是布兰妮•斯皮尔斯、凯蒂•佩里和后街男孩等明星的热门歌曲的幕后推手。）可知，音乐剧中的歌曲是由一位大师创作的。故选D项。
（3）细节理解题。由Pick yur tickets中图表以及选项可知，5月7号、30号的票已经售完，5月20周一没有演出，5月26号还有票。故选C项。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍百老汇音乐剧& Juliet的背景和购票等信息。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】B、A、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段"T meet the demand fr mre wd，many wild pines in Highlands have been remved t make rm fr cmmercial frestry，"says Rainey."This was ften dne in ancient wdlands and was really damaging t the remaining trees."（"为了满足对更多木材的需求，高原地区的许多野生松树被砍伐，为商业林业腾出空间，"雷尼说。"这通常是在古老的林地中进行的，对剩余的树木造成了极大的破坏。"）可知，野生松树被认为是如此重要因为它们是古老森林的标志。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段But restratin is still pssible，especially since sme ld trees still survive alng with the ancient wdland sil and seedbank-seeds stred in the sil，which can grw nce the heavy shade f cmmercial cnifers（针叶树） is remved.（但恢复仍然是可能的，特别是因为一些老树仍然与古老的林地土壤和种子库一起生存，种子储存在土壤中，一旦商业针叶树的厚重阴影被移除，它们就可以生长）可知，古松林恢复的关键是古老种子的存在。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The eclgical investigatr uses three clues f evidence t discver where these pinewds first std."First there's the histrical evidence，like ld maps and texts.Then cmes the landscape cntext：is the pine assciated with planting arund a big huse，r is the setting mre natural？And finally I use the eclgical evidence：wild pine usually grw alngside ld birch trees，which indicates eclgical cntinuity，"explains Rainey.（生态学研究者利用三条证据线索来发现这些松林最初生长的地方。"首先是历史证据，比如古老的地图和文本。然后是景观背景：松树是种植在大房子周围，还是更自然？最后，我使用生态证据：野生松树通常与老桦树一起生长，这表明生态连续性，"雷尼解释说）可知，雷尼充分利用周围环境确定松林的原始位置。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段This wuld have been filled with trees but is nw empty-these are the mst critical areas in need f regeneratin and we want the whle f the ancient wdlands t recver，nt just the pines（这里原本会长满树木，但现在却空无一人——这些是最需要再生的关键地区，我们希望整个古老的林地都能恢复，而不仅仅是松树）可知，雷尼的终极目标是恢复古老的林地。故选B。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生态学家James Rainey致力于寻找和保护野生松树，希望让古老的林地得到恢复。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】D、A、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的Experts cnsider the language t be a linguistic （语言的） gldmine and a living bridge t the ancient wrld. （专家们认为这种语言是一座语言金矿，是通往古代世界的一座活生生的桥梁。）可知，保护这种语言的必要性在于它可以加强与过去的联系。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。划线短语的上文Extensive cntact with Turkish，the absence f supprt systems t facilitate intergeneratinal transmissin，and migratin（与土耳其的广泛接触，缺乏支持系统以促进代际传递和移民）介绍的都是对语言的传播和传承不利的因素，其下文A large majrity f native speakers in Trabzn are ver 65 years f age and fewer yung peple are learning the language. （特拉布宗的大部分母语使用者都在65岁以上，学习这种语言的年轻人更少。）描述的是这些不利因素导致的不利结果，由此推知，这些不利因素是对这种语言造成了负面影响、损害，划线短语意思应该意为"对……有负面影响"。A.Had a negative influence n对……有负面影响；B.Taken full advantage f充分利用；C.Played a leading rle in在起领导作用；D.Thrwn new light n对……有了新的认识。故选A。
（3）段落大意题。根据第三段中Dr.Sitaridu所说的话Speech crwd surcing is a new tl which helps speakers build a database f spken materials fr their endangered languages，allws researchers t dcument these languages，and mtivates speakers t appreciate their wn linguistic heritage （遗产）.At the same time，by preserving their language，it can help speakers achieve acknwledgement f their identity frm peple utside f their speech cmmunity （语言众包是一种新工具，它可以帮助使用者建立濒危语言的口语材料数据库，使研究人员能够记录这些语言，并激励使用者欣赏自己的语言遗产。与此同时，通过保存他们的语言，它可以帮助说话者从他们的语言社区之外的人那里获得认同。）可知，本段主要强调了该平台起到的重要作用，即其存在的重要意义。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段By engaging with lcal cmmunities，particularly female speakers，Sitaridu has gathered the largest cllectin f audi and vide data in existence and amunting t mre than 29 GB f surced data，and has authred 21 peer-reviewed publicatins.A YuTube film abut Sitaridu's fieldwrk has received 723，000 views t-date. （通过与当地社区，特别是女性说话者合作，Sitaridu收集了现有最大的音频和视频数据，总计超过29 GB的来源数据，并撰写了21篇同行评审的出版物。关于Sitaridu实地考察的YuTube视频迄今已获得72.3万次观看。）可推知，Sitaridu博士的工作取得了丰硕的成果。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了剑桥大学的Ianna Sitaridu博士致力于保护一种濒危的语言Rmeyka，她发起了一个名为Crwdsurcing Rmeyka的数据众包平台，邀请公众上传Rmeyka的语音录音，以建立口语材料数据库，目前她的工作取得了丰硕的成果。
考查说明文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
12~15.【答案】A、B、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段There is a reasn why it's s hard t stp thinking abut uncmpleted and interrupted tasks，and psychlgists called it the Zeigarnik effect （Z-effect）.（人们很难不去想那些未完成或被打断的任务，这是有原因的，心理学家称之为Zeigarnik效应（Z效应））可知，Z效应的典型特征是倾向于记忆未完成的任务。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Zeigarnik did a series f experiments，in which participants were asked t cmplete simple tasks such as putting tgether puzzles，r slving math prblems.Half f the participants were interrupted partway thrugh ding these tasks.After an hur-lng wait，Zeigarnik asked the participants t describe what they had been wrking n.She discvered that the peple wh had been interrupted in their wrk were twice as likely t remember what they had been ding as the peple wh had been able t cmplete the tasks.（Zeigarnik做了一系列的实验，参与者被要求完成简单的任务，比如拼拼图，或者解决数学问题。一半的参与者在完成这些任务的过程中被打断。等了一个小时后，Zeigarnik让参与者描述他们一直在做什么。她发现，那些在工作中被打断的人比那些能够完成任务的人更容易记得自己在做什么）可知，第3段的功能是提供进一步的证据。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段She discvered that the peple wh had been interrupted in their wrk were twice as likely t remember what they had been ding as the peple wh had been able t cmplete the tasks.（她发现，那些在工作中被打断的人比那些能够完成任务的人更容易记得自己在做什么）以及第四段We hld n t infrmatin in the shrt term by cnstantly pulling it back int ur awareness.By thinking f uncmpleted tasks ften，we're mre likely t keep remembering them until they get dne. （我们通过不断地将信息拉回我们的意识，在短期内保持信息。通过经常想着未完成的任务，我们更有可能一直记住它们，直到它们完成）可知，在电视剧的悬疑时刻播放广告是Z效应的实际应用。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Have yu ever fund yurself having intrusive （侵扰的） thughts abut smething yu haven't finished？Maybe a half-dne wrk prject is keeping yu up at night r the suspenseful plt f a nvel yu're reading keeps circling yur thughts.There is a reasn why it's s hard t stp thinking abut uncmpleted and interrupted tasks，and psychlgists called it the Zeigarnik effect （Z-effect）.（你是否曾经发现自己对尚未完成的事情有侵入性的想法？也许一个未完成的工作项目让你夜不能寐，或者你正在阅读的一本悬疑小说的情节一直萦绕在你的脑海里。人们很难不去想那些未完成或被打断的任务，这是有原因的，心理学家称之为Zeigarnik效应（Z效应））结合文章主要说明了什么是Z效应以及这一心理现象发现的背景和实际应用。可知，A选项The Z-Effect：Hw Interruptins Enhance Memry（Z效应：干扰如何增强记忆）最符合文章标题。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是Z效应以及这一心理现象发现的背景和实际应用。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】A、F、B、E、G
【解析】（1）语境衔接题。根据下文Just a few mnths ag，they went up n average by 4.9% in England.（就在几个月前，英国的火车票价平均上升了4.9%。）可知，这里指英国火车票并不便宜，还在涨价，而A项They're als nt that cheap.（它们也没有那么便宜）符合语境，其中They代指上文 trains，nt that cheap与后文went up n average by 4.9%对应，所以本句有承上启下作用。故选A项。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文Sme third party sites will charge yu fr mst bkings.（一些第三方网站会向您收取大部分预订费用。）可知，这里讲用第三方网站订票会增加成本，而F项But if instead yu g direct with a rail cmpany，yu can avid this.（但如果你直接去铁路公司，你可以避免这种情况）符合句意，其中this代指前文内容，有承上作用。故选F项。
（3）联系下文题。根据下文With mst rail peratrs，the earlier yu bk yur ticket，the cheaper it's ging t be.Yu'll usually be able t pick up advance fares 12 weeks befre yu travel，and prices gradually rise the clser yu get t yur departure date.Sme rutes will have advance prices up until the day befre and even n the day.（对于大多数铁路运营商来说，你越早订票，票价就越便宜。你通常可以在旅行前12周提前取票，离出发日期越近，票价就会逐渐上涨。一些航线的预购价格将持续到前一天，甚至当天。）可知，这里主要讲提前订票会让价格便宜一些，而B项Bking in advance als helps.（提前预订也有帮助）符合语境，对本段有总括作用。故选B项。
（4）联系下文题。根据下文At its mst basic，yu'll g frm A t C，then frm C t B，thugh it culd easily be a lnger chain.It wrks best n lng jurneys.（最基本的是，你会从A到C，然后从C到B，尽管它很容易是一个更长的链。它在长途旅行中效果最好。）可知，这里主要讲分段买票对长途来说可能更好，而E项Instead，buy multiple tickets that break the jurney up，and pay less.（相反，购买多张分散旅程的机票，并支付更少的费用）符合语境，后句具体举例说明怎样购买分散路程票，所以本句有启下作用。故选E项。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文If yu're regularly travelling n the same rute mst days，then a seasn ticket will save yu mney.Of curse that will invlve a larger upfrnt cst，s it's wrth seeing if yu can get an interest-free lan frm yur emplyer fr this which yu'll pay back via yur salary.（如果你大部分时间都在同一条路线上旅行，那么季票会为你省钱。当然，这将涉及更大的前期成本，所以值得一看的是，你是否可以从雇主那里获得无息贷款，并通过工资偿还。）可知，这里主要讲如果大部分时间同一条路线上旅行，买季票比较划算，而G项If nt，yu can try a zer-percent interest purchase credit card which will d the same thing.（如果没有，你可以试试零利率的信用卡，它也可以做同样的事情）符合语境，其中If nt与上文If对应，假设两种情况，有承上作用。故选G项。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述几种降低火车票价的方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】A、C、B、B、D、A、C、D、A、B、D、C、B、B、D
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.clue线索；B.ptin选项；C.luck运气；D.predictin预测。句意：当她考虑从动画教授的职位上退休时，她不知道该如何打发自己的日子。根据下文"she wke up ne day with the idea fr a cmic strip （连环画）"可知，Beiman是在一天醒来的偶然情况下，想到了连环画，因此她一开始是不知道该如何打发自己的日子，固定短语have n clue意为"毫无头绪，不知道"。故选A。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.Dreaming f梦想；B.Insisting n坚持；C.Puzzling ver对……感到困惑；D.Missing ut错过。句意：这让她很困惑，一天醒来，她想到了连环画。根据上文"When she was cnsidering retirement frm her jb as a prfessr f animatin，she had n（1）hw she wuld fill her days."可知，Beiman应该是不知道退休后如何生活，因此是对此感到困惑。故选C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.referred提及；B.returned回到；C.bjected反对；D.admitted承认。句意：Beiman之前主要在电脑上做动画，但为了这个新想法，她回到了在纸上画人物。根据上文"Beiman had been ding her animatin mstly n cmputers but fr this new idea"和下文"t drawing characters n paper"可知，Beiman之前主要在电脑上做动画，此处发生转折，应该是回到了在纸上画人物。故选B。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.cncept概念；B.result结果；C.phenmenn现象；D.prf证据。句意：结果就是FurBabies系列，讲述了一个狗、猫和一个孩子的混合家庭，他们都能说同一种语言。根据下文"was FurBabies，a series abut a mixed family f dgs，a cat and a child wh can all speak the same language"可推知，连环画FurBabies系列应该是Beiman创作出的结果。故选B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.agreeing同意；B.experimenting实验；C.interacting互动；D.cntinuing继续。句意：Beiman本不打算继续这个想法，直到她把这些画拿给她的朋友漫画家Lynn Jhnstn看。根据上文Beiman创作出FurBabies系列的连环画，以及下文她又继续进行创作可推知，此处指她本不打算继续这个想法，但后来有了转变。故选D。
（6）考查副词及语境理解。A.highly高度地；B.lightly轻微地；C.lgically逻辑地；D.curiusly好奇地。句意：Jhnstn对这些画评价很高，并就如何创作小剧本给了她建议。根据下文"gave her advice n hw t develp little scripts （脚本）"可知，Jhnstn就如何创作小剧本给了她建议，由此推知，身为漫画家的Jhnstn对Beiman的作品评价很高，鼓励她进一步创作，固定短语think highly f意为"高度评价"。故选A。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.jker小丑；B.cheater骗子；C.stranger陌生人；D.talker健谈者。句意：显然，作为一名专业的动画师，Beiman对创作传奇人物并不陌生。根据上文"as a prfessinal animatr"和下文"t wrking with larger-than-life characters"可知，作为一名专业的动画师的Beiman很熟悉创作虚拟世界中的传奇人物，对他们并不陌生，固定短语n stranger t意为"对某事不陌生"。故选C。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.escape逃脱；B.separatin分离；C.exchange交换；D.switch转换。句意：即便如此，她说从动画转向漫画并不像听起来那么容易。根据上文介绍的Beiman原来是专业的动画师，现在开始创作连环画可知，此处指从动画到漫画的转换。故选D。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.invlves涉及；B.avids避免；C.risks冒险；D.resists抵抗。句意："连环画是文字幽默，而动画涉及动态图像，不依赖于对话。"根据上文"Cmic strips are abut illustrating verbal humur while animatin"可知，此处是介绍连环画和动画两者工作上的区别，结合下文"mving images and des nt depend n dialgue"可推知，此处指画涉及动态图像，不依赖于对话。故选A。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.example例子；B.guidance指导；C.heart心；D.passin激情。句意：在朋友的指导下，她写了24个小剧本。根据上文"gave her advice n hw t develp little scripts （脚本）"可知，Jhnstn给了她建议，因此是在朋友的指导下写剧本。故选B。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.gifted赠送；B.saved拯救；C.distributed分配；D.submitted提交。句意：几个月后，她将这些作品提交给GCmics网站，并成功签约。根据下文"them t the website GCmics"可知，创作连环画的Beiman应该是把自己的作品提交给GCmics这样的漫画网站，争取能和这样的公司合作，固定短语submit…t…意为"向……提交……"。故选D。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.refused拒绝；B.inspired启发；C.signed签约；D.prmted提升。句意：几个月后，她将这些作品提交给GCmics网站，并成功签约。根据上文"she（11）them t the website GCmics and successfully gt"可推知，她应该是就这些连环画成功和GCmics网站达成合作，成功签约。故选C。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.challenge挑战；B.upside优势；C.hnr荣誉；D.pssibility可能性。句意：Beiman认为，进入漫画行业的一个优势是，它可以在一定程度上保护人们不受"令人难以置信的年龄歧视"的动画工作室的影响，这些工作室倾向于创作年轻人的故事。根据下文"that it ffers sme prtectin frm "incredibly ageist" animatin studis which（14）t develp stries frm yunger peple"可知，漫画行业可以在一定程度上保护人们不受"令人难以置信的年龄歧视"的动画工作室的影响，因此这是其优势。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.prmise承诺；B.tend倾向；C.prceed进行；D.fail失败。句意：Beiman认为，进入漫画行业的一个优势是，它可以在一定程度上保护人们不受"令人难以置信的年龄歧视"的动画工作室的影响，这些工作室倾向于创作年轻人的故事。根据上文""incredibly ageist" animatin studis"和下文"t develp stries frm yunger peple"可知，这些动画工作室会有"令人难以置信的年龄歧视"，因此是倾向于创作年轻人的故事。故选B。
（15）考查副词及语境理解。A.Mrever此外；B.Therefre因此；C.Otherwise否则；D.Hwever然而。句意：然而，即使在90岁的时候，你仍然可以做漫画。根据下文"even at 90 yu can still d cmics"可知，漫画行业没有严重的年龄歧视，因此是和上文存在年龄歧视的动画行业形成转折。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了65岁的动画教授Nancy Beiman在退休后尝试连环画创作，创造出了FurBabies系列。而且在漫画师朋友Lynn Jhnstn的鼓励和指导下，她写了24个小剧本，成功与GCmics网站签约。Beiman认为，漫画行业相比动画行业更少受年龄歧视，允许创作者在任何年龄继续创作。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】a
【小题2】urselves
【小题3】hearty
【小题4】which
【小题5】delights
【小题6】tearing
【小题7】leisurely
【小题8】enhanced
【小题9】and
【小题10】cast
【解析】（1）考查不定冠词。句意：为了逃离伦敦的喧嚣，我的家人开始了一次不寻常的本国度假，去探索南德文郡不熟悉的普利茅斯海岸。staycatin是可数名词，单数形式前加不定冠词a/an表示泛指，因remarkable读音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
（2）考查反身代词。句意：经过一段风景优美的车程后，我们感到敬畏，我们发现自己站在了巴顿山海滩上。主语为we，表示"发现我们自己"应用反身代词urselves。故填urselves。
（3）考查形容词。句意：那天晚上，空气中充满了温暖，我们围坐在噼啪作响的篝火旁，和其他海滩游客一起开怀大笑。修饰名词laughter应用形容词hearty作定语。故填hearty。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：为了探索普利茅斯的更多魅力，我们第二天出发去了西霍公园，那里为孩子们提供了一个宽敞的游乐区，配备了许多乐趣。先行词West He Park在非限制性定语从句作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
（5）考查可数名词复数。句意：为了探索普利茅斯的更多魅力，我们第二天出发去了西霍公园，那里为孩子们提供了一个宽敞的游乐区，配备了许多乐趣。介词with后接名词作宾语，应用名词delight，表示乐趣应用复数形式。故填delights。
（6）考查动名词。句意：我们的孩子完全被吸引住了，我们很难把他们推开。have a hard time ding sth.表示"做某事很困难"，是动词短语。故填tearing。
（7）考查副词。句意：之后，我们沿着锄长廊悠闲地向锄公园走去。修饰动词walk应用副词leisurely。故填leisurely。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：尽管人群拥挤，我们还是享受了一次宁静的散步，标志性的斯米顿塔灯塔给我们带来了极大的乐趣。enhance与we构成被动关系，为非谓语动词，用过去分词作状语。故填enhanced。
（9）考查连词。句意：我们的孩子们玩得很尽兴，他们搭沙堡，在水里玩耍，既轻松又快乐。relaxed和jyus为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
（10）考查动词时态。句意：普利茅斯对我们施了魔法，给我们留下了一生难忘的回忆。根据后文and left可知为一般过去时，cast的过去式与原形相同。故填cast。
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一家一次去普利茅斯海岸度假的经历。
在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
37.【答案】 On Wrld Earth Day，I came acrss tw pwerful images n an internatinal website.One prtrays ur planet shedding tears，which expresses its srrw while the ther ne，by cntrast，shwcases Earth's cntinuus and generus blessings.【高分句型一】（图片简介）
The pwerful images set me thinking.Obviusly，the planet's tears symblize the harm caused by human activities，such as defrestatin，pllutin，and climate change.Yet，ur generus Earth，the ultimate giver f gifts，makes us feel guilty fr nt fully appreciating and safeguarding its genersity.These images awakens a sense f guilt and an urgent need t prtect the earth.（个人感想）
It's high time that we banded tgether t preserve and restre ur Earth.【高分句型二】By embracing sustainable practices，minimizing ur carbn ftprint，and advcating fr envirnmentally respnsible plicies，we are bund t pave the way fr a sustainable future.（呼吁）
【解析】高分句型一：One prtrays ur planet shedding tears，which expresses its srrw while the ther ne，by cntrast，shwcases Earth's cntinuus and generus blessings.
翻译：一幅描绘了我们的星球流泪，表达了它的悲伤，而另一幅则相反，展示了地球持续而慷慨的祝福。
分析：本句运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：It's high time that we banded tgether t preserve and restre ur Earth.
翻译：现在是我们联合起来保护和恢复地球的时候了。
分析：本句运用了固定句型"It's high time that...是时候做某事了"，从句用虚拟语气。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇。
38.【答案】I felt an urge t g hme，but my dad insisted we wait fr the results.He reminded me that every skater has their ups and dwns，and that it's the curage t cntinue that defines us.Despite the disappintment，I stayed，and when the results were annunced，I had placed third.【高分句型一】It wasn't the victry I had envisined，but it was a victry nnetheless— a testament t perseverance and hard wrk. （哈珀在父亲的鼓励下坚持等待比赛结果，以及最终获奖的感受）
With dubt I returned nt the skating rink the next mrning.The ice was cld and unfrgiving，mirrring my emtins.But as I laced up my skates，I felt a renewed sense f determinatin.I started with the basics，fcusing n my balance and the strength f my legs.Each time I fell，I gt back up and tried again.My cach was there，ffering wrds f encuragement and technical advice.【高分句型二】By the end f the sessin，I wasn't perfect，but I was better.I knew the rad t mastering the axel was still lng，but I was ready t face the challenge head-n.（哈珀第二天回到溜冰场，尽管心中充满怀疑，但仍下决心继续努力）
【解析】本文是一篇读后续写，以人物为线索展开，讲述了哈珀在溜冰场上准备进行一场重要的滑冰表演，尝试完成一个高难度的阿克塞尔跳。尽管在表演中多次尝试失败，感到尴尬和沮丧，但在朋友和家人的鼓励下，她决定不放弃，第二天回到溜冰场继续练习，决心克服挑战。
高分句型一：Despite the disappintment，I stayed，and when the results were annunced，I had placed third.
翻译：尽管失望，我还是留下来了，当结果公布时，我排名第三。
分析：本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：My cach was there，ffering wrds f encuragement and technical advice.
翻译：我的教练在那里，提供鼓励和技术建议。
分析：本句使用了现在分词短语ffering wrds f encuragement and technical advice作状语。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。