初中英语人教新目标八年级下册Unit 7形容词与副词的比较级和最高级语法知识讲解和练习

这是一份初中英语人教新目标八年级下册Unit 7形容词与副词的比较级和最高级语法知识讲解和练习，共4页。
八年级英语下册Unit 7形容词与副词比较级和最高级讲解练习比较级最高级的构成比较级用于两个人或物之间的比较，表示“较……”或“更……”，标志词“than”，通常用于两者之间的比较。最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较。一、规则变化1、一般直接在词尾加er;est.tall---taller---the tallestgreat---greater---the greatest2、以字母e结尾的直接加r;stnice---nicer---the nicestfine---finer---the finest3、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词变y为i再加er;estbusy---busier---the busiestheavy---heavier---the heaviest4、重读闭音节结尾的单音节词，若词尾只有一个辅音字母时，须双写这个辅音字母再加er;est big-bigger-the biggest hot -hotter-the hottest5、少数以-y,-er,-ow, -ble结尾的双音节词,末尾加-er,和-est(以-y结尾的词,如-y前是辅音字母,则变y为i,再加-er和-est;以-e结尾的词仍只加-r和-st)happy—happier—happiest clever—cleverer—cleverest 5、多音节和部分双音节词在词前加more;mosteasily--more easily--most easilybeautiful--more beautiful--the most beautiful英语里有些形容词的比较等级的变化是不规则的。（５） 形容词前可加less和least,表示“较不”和“最不”。 eg．Short sight is less common among the young students in this country.近视在这个国家的青少年学生中较为少见。 It is less cold than it was yesterday.天气没有昨天那样冷。二、比较级表示法（1）“A+谓语+as+形容词原级+as+B”表示A和B同等程度。eg.I'm not as tall as he.我没有他高。 He runs as fast as I .他跑得和我一样快。(2)“A+谓语+形容词比较级+than+B”表示A超过B。eg.The first is better than the second．第一个比第二个好。(3)“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”表示B随着A的增长程度而平行增长,译为“越…越…”。eg.The busier I am,the happier I feel.我越忙,越高兴。(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越…”。eg.The summer is coming,it is getting hotter and hotter.夏天来了,天气越来越热。(5)A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+BA+谓语+倍数+比较级+than+Beg.There are now five times as many schools in our town as in 1979.我们城里的学校比1979年增加了4倍。Asia is four times larger than Europe.亚洲比欧洲大3倍。 三、最高级表示法(1) 形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较, 其结构一般是“定冠词the+形容词最高级+表示范围的短语或从句”。 eg. She is the tallest among her classmates.她在她同学之中是最高的。(2) 形容词的最高级也可以用“形容词的比较级+than+any other+单数名词”或“形容词的比较级+than+any of the other+名词的复数”来表示。eg. That city is larger than any other city in that country.那座城市是该国最大的城市。John is taller than any other boy in the class.约翰比班上其他的男生都高。(3) 形容词的最高级前如果有物主代词,不再加定冠词。eg.This is my best coat.这是我最好的大衣。四、语法小练习1.This box is___ that one.A.heavy than B.so heavy than　 C.heavier as D.as heavy as2.I think the story is not so ___ as that one.A.interesting B.interested C.more interesting D.most interesting3.I think science is _______ than Japanese.A.much important B.important C.much more important D.more much important4.These children are ____ this year than they were last year.A.more tall B.more taller C.very taller D.much taller5.Tom is one of ____ boys in our class.A.tallest B.taller C.the tallest D.the tall 6.Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.A.more B.quite C.very D.much7.Maths is more popular than____.A.any other subject B.all the subjects C.any subject D.other subject8.China is larger than ____ in AfricaA.any other country B.other countries C.the other country D.any country9.When spring comes, it gets____.A.warm and warm B.colder and colder C.warmer and warmer D.shorter and shorter10.When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.A.short; long B.long; short C.longer; shorter D.shorter; longer11.Of the two cups, he bought ______ .A.the smaller B.the smallest C.small D: smaller12.Which do you like ___, tea or coffee?A.well B.better C.best D.most13.This work is ____ for me than for you.A.difficult B.most difficult　　C.much difficult D.more difficult14.Who jumped____of all?A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the most far15.Li Lei is___ student in our class.A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.the tallest16.Who is _______ of you three?A.the oldest B.much older C.oldest D.older【Answer】1-5 D A C D C 6-10 D A D C C 11-16 A B D C D Agood  wellbetter  bestbad   illworse   worstmany  muchmore   mostlittle  less  leastfarfarther farthest或further futhestoldolder  oldest 或elder eldest