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北京师范大学附属中学平谷第一分校2023-2024学年高二下学期2月开学考英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份北京师范大学附属中学平谷第一分校2023-2024学年高二下学期2月开学考英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含精品解析北京师范大学附属中学平谷第一分校2023-2024学年高二下学期2月开学考英语试题原卷版docx、精品解析北京师范大学附属中学平谷第一分校2023-2024学年高二下学期2月开学考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
（考试时间90分钟 满分100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
At abut 11 p.m., Janet gt ff the train, went int her car and started driving hme. She was s familiar with the rute that she almst___1___autmatically: turned left t the Statin Rad, then anther left nt Mntauk Highway, and then — bang! When Janet’s car had just crssed the railrad tracks, it hit anther vehicle and was___2___back nt the tracks. Injured but mstly shcked by the crash and by the airbags that ppped up, she was___3___in the vehicle.
As it happened, Andrew was just abut t g t sleep when he heard a sharp nise and saw the accident nt far utside his bedrm windw. As a retired___4___, Andrew, wh was 69, fetched a flashlight and rushed ut withut___5___.
Arriving at the spt, Andrew lked arund and___6___Janet’s car straddling the railway tracks. And then he heard the bell ring, which signaled a train’s arrival.
The train was running tward them at a speed f sme 105 kilmeters per hur. The driver’s ___7___cannt be pened due t the cllisin, s Andrew quickly ran t the ther side and managed t pen the dr. He put the airbags___8___, seized her arms, pulled her tward him acrss the passenger seat until finally gt her ut and walked her t___9___as sn as pssible. Several secnds later, the train crashed int the vehicle.
“Last night,” said Gregry, Chief f the Department in Suth Cuntry Ambulance, “the_____10_____arrived in pajamas (睡衣裤) , nt in a fire truck.”
1. A. drveB. walkedC. rdeD. hiked
2. A. brughtB. wentC. pushedD. mved
3. A. engagedB. stuckC. absrbedD. sptted
4. A. dctrB. driverC. firefighterD. engineer
5. A. patienceB. dubtC. exceptinD. hesitatin
6. A. predictedB. realizedC. bservedD. discvered
7. A. windwB. drC. beltD. handle
8. A. asideB. dwnC. nD. up
9. A. safetyB. securityC. statinD. shelter
10. A. reprterB. pliceC. herD. sldier
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了珍妮特的车在穿越火车铁轨时与另一辆车相撞，造成她的车被甩回了铁轨上并且她也被卡在车里，危急时刻69岁的退休消防员安德鲁勇敢地解救她的故事。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她对这条路线非常熟悉以至于她可以自动驾驶：向左到达车站路然后左转上蒙托克公路，然后——“砰”的一声。A. drve驾驶；B. walked走路；C. rde骑；D. hiked远足。根据前文“At abut 11 p.m., Janet gt ff the train, went int her car and started driving hme.”可知，珍妮特下了火车准备开车回家，由于她对道路很熟悉几乎可以达到自动驾驶的程度，此处drve为原词复现。故选A项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当珍妮特的车刚穿过铁轨时，它撞上了另一辆车并且又被推回到铁轨上。A. brught带来；B. went去；C. pushed推；D. mved移动。根据后文“Arriving at the spt, Andrew lked arund and___6___Janet’s car straddling the railway tracks.”可知，安德鲁在到达事发地点时看见珍妮特的汽车横跨在铁轨上，推断出事故发生时珍妮特的车又被推到了铁轨上, push back意为“推回”，符合题意。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她受伤了但是被撞车和弹起的安全气囊冲击后，她被卡在了车里。A. engaged从事；B. stuck卡住；C. absrbed吸收；D. sptted看见。根据前文“Injured but mstly shcked by the crash and by the airbags that ppped up”可知，珍妮特受伤了而且被撞车和打开的安全气囊冲击，推断出她被卡在车里出不去。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个退休的消防员，69岁的安德鲁找出了手电筒然后毫不犹豫地冲了出去。A. dctr医生；B. driver司机；C. firefighter消防员；D. engineer工程师。根据后文“the____10____arrived in pajamas (睡衣裤) , nt in a fire truck.”可知，安德鲁是穿着睡衣救人的而不是坐着消防车，推断出他在退休之前是一名消防员。故选C项.
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个退休的消防员，69岁的安德鲁找出了手电筒然后毫不犹豫地冲了出去。A. patience耐心；B. dubt怀疑；C. exceptin例外；D. hesitatin犹豫。根据前文“rushed ut”和后文“arrived in pajamas”可知，安德鲁在看见事故后是穿着睡衣冲出去的，推断出他是毫不犹豫去现场救人的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达了事发现场地点，安德鲁环顾四周发现珍妮特的车正横跨在铁轨上。A. predicted预测；B. realized意识到；C. bserved遵守；D. discvered发现。根据前文“lked arund”可知，安德鲁环顾四周，车子横跨在铁轨上应该是他发现的事实。故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：司机的门由于碰撞不能打开，所以安德鲁快速的跑到了另一边设法打开了门。A. windw窗户；B. dr门；C. belt腰带；D. handle把手。根据后文“s Andrew quickly ran t the ther side and managed t pen the dr”可知，安德鲁快速跑向另一边并设法打开门，推断出驾驶室的门打不开了。故选B项。
8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他把安全气囊放到了一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副驾驶座位上，直到最后把她拉到了尽可能安全的地方。A. aside在旁边；B. dwn向下；C. n在上面；D. up向上。根据前文“the airbags that ppped up”可知，安全气囊打开了，根据常识可知安德鲁要救出珍妮特需要先把安全气囊放到一边，put aside意为“放到一边”，符合题意。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把安全气囊放到了一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副驾驶座位上，直到最后把她拉到了尽可能安全的地方。A. safety安全场所；B. security保护措施；C. statin车站；D. shelter住所。根据前文“The train was running tward them at a speed f sme 105 kilmeters per hur.”可知，火车马上就要开过来了，推断出安德鲁把珍妮特从车里救出来后为了躲避火车的撞击把她送到了安全的地方。故选A项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：英雄是穿着睡衣来的，而不是坐着消防车。A. Reprter记者；B. plice警察；C. her英雄；D. sldier士兵。根据前文“He put the airbags___8___, seized her arms, pulled her tward him acrss the passenger seat until finally gt her ut and walked her t___9___as sn as pssible.”可知，安德鲁救出了车祸中的珍妮特，所以推断出他是一名英雄。故选C项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Stephen Curry was thught by many peple t be unsuitable fr a career in prfessinal basketball. Hwever,____11____(select) fr the NBA in 2009, he jined the Glden State Warrirs and perfrmed____12____everyne’s expectatins with his accurate shting and cntinuus effrts. In 2015, Stephen____13____(win) his first NBA champinship, and he led the Warrirs t their first champinship since 1975.
【答案】11. selected
12. beynd 13. wn
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了斯蒂芬·库里被许多人认为不适合从事职业篮球生涯。然而，他用精准的投篮和不断的努力超出了所有人的预期。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。非谓语动词select的逻辑主语是Stephen，两者之间是动宾关系，所以要用过去分词表被动，作状语。故填selected。
【12题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。hwever表示转折，别人认为他不适合打职业篮球，他超出所有人预期，介词超出是beynd，故填beynd。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：2015年，斯蒂芬赢得了他的第一个NBA总冠军，他带领勇士队获得了自1975年以来的第一个总冠军。主语Stephen后缺少谓语，根据时间状语in 2015，可知，谓语动词用一般过去时。故填wn。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
China’s space medicine experts have started planning t set up a “space hspital” ____14____ (serve) astrnauts, accrding t a ____15____ (lead) scientist. These experts are carrying ut experiments and tests n the grund t advance the basic wrk n a space hspital. The value f this prject is that it ____16____ (enable) ur space explrers t travel deeper and stay ____17____ (healthy) during their jurney. The research f such a space-based clinic will als help t develp ur cuntry’s medical technlgy.
【答案】14. t serve
15. leading
16. will enable
17. healthier
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。报道说中国的太空医学专家已经开始计划建立一个“太空医院”来为宇航员服务。
【14题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：据一位著名科学家称，中国的太空医学专家已经开始计划建立一个“太空医院”来为宇航员服务。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词started，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，空处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t serve。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。空处需用形容词作定语修饰空后名词scientist，lead对应的形容词为leading“一流的，卓著的”。故填leading。
【16题详解】
考查时态。句意：该项目的价值在于，它将使我们的太空探险者能够更深入地探险，并在探险中保持健康。结合文章描述可知，本文描述的是将来的一种可能性，由此可知，空处谓语动词需用一般将来时。故填will enable。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。此处是系动词，其后需接形容词作表语，建立“太空医院”目的是帮助宇航员保持健康，由空前deeper可知，空处形容词需用比较级 。故填healthier。
C
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Peple in Paris lve the view f the city’s ld ___18___ (building), especially Ntre Dame Cathedral in Paris (巴黎圣母院). But the tp f the 850-year-ld church and tw-thirds f the rf ___19___ (destry) by a fire n April 16. Parisians were s shcked and gathered arund the giant church, praying fr the hundreds f firefighters ___20___ fught the flames.
【答案】18. buildings
19. were destryed
20 wh##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了巴黎圣母院发生火灾以及消防员救火的故事。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：巴黎人喜欢这座城市的老建筑，尤其是巴黎圣母院。名词所有格city’s后接名词，building为可数名词，此处表示泛指，需填名词复数形式。故填buildings。
【19题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：但这座有850年历史的教堂的顶部和三分之二的屋顶在4月16日的一场大火中被烧毁。根据n April 16可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，the tp f the 850-year-ld church and tw-thirds f the rf和destry为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语“the tp f the 850-year-ld church and tw-thirds f the rf ”是复数，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填were destryed。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：巴黎人非常震惊，聚集在巨大的教堂周围，为数百名与大火搏斗的消防员祈祷。空处引导定语从句，先行词firefighters，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词wh/that引导。故填wh/that。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，40分)
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The United Natins Educatinal, Scientific and Cultural Organizatin (UNESCO) is respnsible fr evaluating and judging whether a place culd be titled The Wrld Heritage Site. The grup chses sites based n histrical and cultural imprtance, as well as their beauty.
The Wrld Heritage in Beijing
Cnstructed frm 1406 t 1420, The Temple f Heaven is an imperial cmplex f religius buildings situated in the central area f Beijing. The Temple f Heaven was inscribed as a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site in 1998 and was described as a masterpiece f architecture and landscape design.
The Temple cmprises three main grups f cnstructins: The Hall f Prayer fr Gd Harvests, The Imperial Vault f Heaven and The Circular Mund Altar.
The Wrld Heritage in Luyang
Situated n the central plain f China, Luyang is ne f the cradles f Chinese civilizatin.
The Lngmen Grttes, suth f the city, were excavated and carved frm 493 AD t 1127 AD. It was listed n the UNESCO list f Wrld Heritage Sites in 2000.The images were carved as utside rck reliefs and inside artificial caves. There are as many as 100,000 statues within the 2,345 caves. The area als has ver sixty Buddhist pagdas.
The Wrld Heritage in Wiltshire
Stnehenge is a prehistric mnument in England. It cnsists f a ring f standing stnes, tpped by cnnecting stnes. The whle mnument, nw ruinus, is riented twards the sunrise n the Summer Slstice.
Stnehenge is regarded as a British cultural icn. The site and its surrundings were added t UNESCO’s list f Wrld Heritage Sites in 1986.
Archaelgists believe Stnehenge was cnstructed frm 3000 BC t 2000 BC. It culd have been a burial grund frm its earliest beginnings.
21. What can we learn abut Stnehenge?
A. Stnehenge is a symbl f British culture.
B. Stnehenge has a histry f 3000 years.
C. Stnehenge cnsists f stnes and wd.
D. Stnehenge is nt riented twards the sunrise.
22. Accrding t the passage, we can learn that ________.
A. there are 100,000 caves in The Lngmen Grttes
B. The Temple f Heaven has three main grups f buildings
C. nly ne site in Luyang is listed in The Wrld Heritage Sites
D. the Temple f Heaven has been titled the Wrld Heritage Site fr 30 years
23. What d the three sites in the text have in cmmn?
A. They have caves, halls and statues.
B. They are ancient imperial buildings.
C. They all have histrical and cultural value.
D. They are cnnected with Buddhist culture.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个具有历史和文化价值的联合国世界遗产。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Wrld Heritage in Wiltshire中“Stnehenge is regarded as a British cultural icn. (巨石阵被视为英国的文化标志)”可知，巨石阵是英国文化的象征。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Wrld Heritage in Beijing中“The Temple cmprises three main grups f cnstructins: The Hall f Prayer fr Gd Harvests, The Imperial Vault f Heaven and The Circular Mund Altar.( 故宫由三大建筑组成：祈年殿、皇穹宇和圜丘坛)”可知，天坛有三组主要的建筑。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The grup chses sites based n histrical and cultural imprtance, as well as their beauty.(该组织根据历史和文化的重要性以及它们的美丽来选择景点)”和后文文章的介绍可知，这三个文化遗产的共同之处在于它们都具有历史和文化价值。故选C。
B
Rudlph plays ftball fr Flrida State University. When he was visiting a middle schl in Flrida ne Tuesday, he nticed sixth-grader Le eating his lunch alne. Rudlph grabbed a cuple pieces f pizza and jined Le at his table.
Le has autism, a cnditin that can make it hard t make friends and cmmunicate with ther peple. His mther always wrries abut him. Tw days later, she saw a picture f Rudlph and Le eating tgether and it made her s happy that she cried. Then, she shared the picture n the Internet, alng with a message abut hw thankful she was. The stry became ppular very quickly.
“We just had a great cnversatin. He started ff telling me his name is Le, telling me hw much he lves Flrida State. We went frm there, ” said Rudlph. “It was really easy. He had a nice smile n his face. Just a really warm persn.”
Le’s mther said that middle schl can be hard, and she wrries abut hw ther kids will treat her sn. “Smetimes I’m thankful fr his autism. That may sund like a terrible thing t say, but in sme ways I think — I hpe — it shields him, ” she said.
“He desn’t seem t ntice when peple lk at him when he flaps (拍打) his hands,” she said. “He desn’t seem t ntice that he desn’t get invited t birthday parties. And he desn’t seem t mind if he eats lunch alne.”
The mther said the pht f Rudlph and Le’s lunch date helped teach peple abut autism. “The picture speaks mre than a thusand wrds. Yu can see hw far away the rest f the students are, but yu can see hw engaged Rudlph is with Le,” she added.
“I just wanted t g say hi t the kid, because I saw him eating alne. I didn’t even knw anybdy tk a pht f it.” Rudlph said he was glad that the stry was helping thers.
Le is excited that Rudlph signed his lunch bx, and is enjying all f the attentin. “It’s been awesme. Everyne was s prud f me,” Le said.
Le and his mther have been invited t dinner with the ftball team and pssibly t a game.
24. Rudlph chse t eat with Le because he _______________.
A. knew Le suffered frm autismB. wanted t make friends with Le
C. prmised t sign Le’s lunchbxD. saw n ne sitting at the table with Le
25. Le’s mther shared the picture n the Internet t ________________.
A. shw her thankfulnessB. teach peple abut autism
C. help her sn t becme famusD. make the ther students feel ashamed
26. What did Le’s mther mean by saying the sentence underlined in Paragraph 4?
A. Autism prtects Le frm being treated badly at schl.
B. Autism causes Le t receive psitive public attentin.
C. Autism makes Le nt realize his scial challenges.
D. Autism helps Le escape frm scial activities.
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. One gd turn deserves anther.B. A lss may turn ut t be a gain.
C. A little kindness ges a lng way.D. Chance favrs the prepared mind.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. C 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了鲁道夫在佛罗里达州立大学踢足球，某天他看到利奥独自吃饭，于是选择和他坐在一起。利奥患有自闭症，这种情况会使他很难交朋友，也很难与他人交流。而这一场景被拍摄下来，被利奥的母亲看到了，她十分感动和感激。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When he was visiting a middle schl in Flrida ne Tuesday, he nticed sixth-grader Le eating his lunch alne. Rudlph grabbed a cuple pieces f pizza and jined Le at his table.(一个星期二，当他参观佛罗里达州的一所中学时，他注意到六年级的里奥独自吃午饭。鲁道夫抓了几块披萨，和利奥一起坐在他的桌子旁)”可知，鲁道夫选择和利奥一起吃饭，因为他看到没有人和利奥坐在一起。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Tw days later, she saw a picture f Rudlph and Le eating tgether and it made her s happy that she cried. Then, she shared the picture n the Internet, alng with a message abut hw thankful she was.(两天后，她看到一张鲁道夫和利奥一起吃饭的照片，她高兴得哭了。然后，她在网上分享了这张照片，并留言表示她非常感激)”可知，利奥的妈妈在网上分享了这张照片，以表达她的感激之情。故选A。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线句后文“That may sund like a terrible thing t say, but in sme ways I think — I hpe — it shields him”可知，利奥的母亲说自闭症听起来可怕，但是一定程度上保护了利奥，因为自闭症让利奥没有意识到他的社交挑战。故划线句意思是“自闭症使利奥没有意识到他的社交挑战”。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““I just wanted t g say hi t the kid, because I saw him eating alne. I didn’t even knw anybdy tk a pht f it.” Rudlph said he was glad that the stry was helping thers.(“我只是想去和那个孩子打个招呼，因为我看到他一个人吃饭。我甚至不知道有人给它拍了照片。”鲁道夫说他很高兴这个故事能帮助到别人)”结合文章主要讲述了鲁道夫在佛罗里达州立大学踢足球，某天他看到利奥独自吃饭，于是选择和他坐在一起。利奥患有自闭症，这种情况会使他很难交朋友，也很难与他人交流。而这一场景被拍摄下来，被利奥的母亲看到了，她十分感动和感激。由此推知，一点善意会大有帮助。故选C。
C
Guardian Angels are peple wh travel n the New Yrk subways and prtect ther passengers frm criminals (罪犯). They are vlunteers: they dn’t get paid anything t d this jb. The Guardian Angels wuld never have appeared withut a yung man named Curtis Sliwa.
Frty-three years ag, if yu’d wanted t travel hme late at night n the New Yrk subway, yu wuldn’t have felt very safe. Luckily, n February 13, 1979, at 3:00 a. m. , the first safety patrl (巡逻)—called The Team—went int actin. Curtis Sliwa and his friend Dn Chin began t cleanup crime n ne f New Yrk’s tughest subway lines, the Number 4 train. Hwever, this was nt a jb fr tw, but a jb fr 13, s thirteen brave peple walked int the last car f the Number 4 subway line in New Yrk City—the “Mugger’s Express”. If they saw a danger f vilence (暴力), they stpped it, using nn-vilent means. The grup became knwn as the “Magnificent 13”.
The Magnificent 13 sn went frm thirteen members t hundreds and they changed their name t the Guardian Angels Safety Patrl (GASP). At first, GASP faced ppsitin frm the plice, but they had the strng supprt f the public. Tday, the Guardian Angels can be fund all ver the US. If yu travel by subway, yu will see them wearing red hats and white T-shirts. Althugh Guardian Angels are nt armed, if they’re present, a criminal will think twice befre cmmitting a crime.
The Guardian Angels als train yung peple t jin them in their fight against crime. They believe that if they train grups f vlunteers t patrl dangerus areas in New Yrk, the city will be safer fr everybdy. “If we had mre vlunteers, we wuld be able t reduce the prblems many cities face: vilence, crime, and drugs. ”
They have als started after-schl training prgrams inside high schls and cmmunity centers. If yung peple visit the Guardian Angels Headquarters (总部), vlunteers will talk t them abut their wrk and will then guide them thrugh the Times Square area. It’s fun. It’s safe and meaningful!
28. What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The changes brught by the Magnificent 13.
B The birth f the Guardian Angels Safety Patrl.
C. The subway lines that the Guardian Angels patrlled.
D. The reasn why Curtis Sliwa wanted t stp subway crime.
29. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The plice influenced the public’s pinins abut GASP.
B. Vlunteers play an active rle in reducing crime in New Yrk.
C. The Magnificent 13 put an end t crime n the Mugger’s Express.
D. The Guardian Angels smetimes turn t vilence t keep passengers safe.
30. What can yung peple d at the Guardian Angels Headquarters?
A. Talk t the leader f GASP.B. Take part in training prgrams.
C. Carry ut safety patrls with guides.D. Get educated abut the Guardian Angels’wrk.
31. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the passage?
A. T publicize a scial service grup.B. T call attentin t public safety cncerns.
C. T intrduce Curtis Sliwa’s great cntributins.D. T present new ways t reduce crime in sciety.
【答案】28. B 29. B 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为“守护天使”的组织，他们在纽约地铁上保护其他乘客不受罪犯伤害。文章介绍了这一组织成立的经过以及在打击犯罪方面的贡献。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Frty-three years ag, if yu’d wanted t travel hme late at night n the New Yrk subway, yu wuldn’t have felt very safe. Luckily, n February 13, 1979, at 3:00 a. m. , the first safety patrl (巡逻)—called The Team—went int actin. Curtis Sliwa and his friend Dn Chin began t cleanup crime n ne f New Yrk’s tughest subway lines, the Number 4 train. Hwever, this was nt a jb fr tw, but a jb fr 13, s thirteen brave peple walked int the last car f the Number 4 subway line in New Yrk City—the “Mugger’s Express”. If they saw a danger f vilence (暴力), they stpped it, using nn-vilent means. The grup became knwn as the “Magnificent 13”. (43年前，如果你想在深夜乘坐纽约地铁回家，你不会觉得很安全。幸运的是，1979年2月13日凌晨3点，第一支被称为“团队”的安全巡逻队开始行动。Curtis Sliwa和他的朋友Dn Chin开始在纽约最艰难的地铁线路之一，4号线上清理犯罪。然而，这不是两个人的工作，而是13个人的工作，所以13个勇敢的人走进了纽约市地铁4号线的最后一节车厢——“抢劫犯快车”。如果他们看到暴力的危险，他们就会用非暴力的方式制止它。这个组织后来被称为“13伟人”。)”可知，第二段的主要内容是守护天使安全巡逻队的诞生。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If we had mre vlunteers, we wuld be able t reduce the prblems many cities face: vilence, crime, and drugs. (如果我们有更多的志愿者，我们就能减少许多城市面临的问题：暴力、犯罪和毒品。)”可知，志愿者在减少纽约的犯罪方面发挥了积极的作用。故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“If yung peple visit the Guardian Angels Headquarters (总部), vlunteers will talk t them abut their wrk and will then guide them thrugh the Times Square area. (如果年轻人参观守护天使总部，志愿者会和他们谈谈他们的工作，然后引导他们参观时代广场。)”可知，年轻人可以在守护天使总部了解守护天使的工作。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Guardian Angels are peple wh travel n the New Yrk subways and prtect ther passengers frm criminals (罪犯). They are vlunteers: they dn’t get paid anything t d this jb. The Guardian Angels wuld never have appeared withut a yung man named Curtis Sliwa. (守护天使是在纽约地铁上保护其他乘客不受罪犯伤害的人。他们是志愿者：他们做这项工作没有任何报酬。如果没有一个叫柯蒂斯·斯里瓦的年轻人，守护天使就不会出现。)”结合文章主要介绍了一个名为“守护天使”的组织，他们在纽约地铁上保护其他乘客不受罪犯伤害。文章介绍了这一组织成立的经过以及在打击犯罪方面的贡献。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是宣传一个社会服务团体。故选A。
D
Bed rtting — the practice f spending lng perids f time just staying under the cvers with snacks, screens and ther creature cmfrts — is gaining ppularity n scial media. Sme Generatin Z trend fllwers are nw viewing it as a frm f self-care, but dctrs warn t much culd be “sign f depressin”. Are these extended breaks really wise fr ne’s mental health — r culd they be a cause fr cncern?
Dr. Ryan Sultan, a prfessr at Clumbia University in New Yrk, wh treats many yung peple, called the bed rtting trend attractive. “In ur culture tday, with t much t d, t many expectatins and t much prductivity, many yung individuals (个人) are feeling burned ut and ften aren’t getting enugh sleep. It’s easy t see why taking time ff t lie arund is attractive,” Sultan said. “In many ways, this is beneficial. It’s a chance t get away frm real-life prblems and clear yur head befre returning t life in a better state f mind, ” he added.
Fr the dwnside, hwever, he said a lng-term need r desire fr bed rtting culd d harm t ne’s physical health. Spending t many daytime hurs in bed — awake r nt — culd destry sleep schedules. Our brains are fine-tuned fr sleep in darkness and alertness in light. Lying in bed half-asleep during the day will wrsen sleep schedules — nce that happens, it is a challenge t fix. It culd als lead t bld pressure prblems and besity (肥胖).
Lng-term need r desire fr bed rtting culd als be a warning sign f depressin, accrding t a mental health expert. Dr. Marc Siegel, prfessr f medicine at NYU Langne Medical Center and a Fx News medical cntributr, agreed that while sme dwntime can be useful in terms f de-stressing and rejuvenatin (更新), t much bed rtting is a bad health practice. In additin t increasing the risk f depressin, it cntributes t decreased mtivatin (动力) as well.
Instead f bed rtting, Siegel recmmends regular exercise as a better frm f de-stressing. While the ccasinal lazy day can be beneficial, t much culd have the ppsite effect. If it happens every day, that’s a fairly sensitive test fr depressin. Thse wh lack the mtivatin t get ut f bed culd als try calling r texting a family member fr supprt, scializing with clse friends, finding a small task t cmplete, r reaching ut t a medical prfessinal fr help.
32. Accrding t Dr. Ryan Sultan, why d yung peple like bed rtting?
A. They are fnd f what is ppular n scial media.B. They are unwilling t scialize with friends.
C. Bed rtting is away t escape stress.D. Bed rtting helps fix sleep schedules.
33. What des the wrd “fine-tuned” underlined in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Quickly-activated.B. Well-trained.C. Badly-needed.D. Ill-equipped.
34. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Being lazy frm time t time can be gd fr individuals.
B. Sleeping in light can increase the risk f depressin.
C. Bed rtting can allw peple t avid expectatins.
D. Feeling dwn leads t decreased mtivatin.
35. What is the passage mainly talking abut?
A. Different pinins n hw t becme mtivated.
B. Main causes f the lng-term need fr bed rtting.
C. Practical suggestins fr yung peple t deal with stress.
D. Pssible prblems frm lying in bed fr extended perids f time.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了年轻人喜欢躺尸来逃避压力，但专家指出长期需要或渴望躺尸可能会损害一个人的身体健康。
【32题详解】
推断判断题。根据第二段““In ur culture tday, with t much t d, t many expectatins and t much prductivity, many yung individuals (个人) are feeling burned ut and ften aren’t getting enugh sleep. It’s easy t see why taking time ff t lie arund is attractive,” Sultan said. “In many ways, this is beneficial. It’s a chance t get away frm real-life prblems and clear yur head befre returning t life in a better state f mind, ” he added.( Sultan说：“在我们今天的文化中，有太多的事情要做，太多的期望和太多的生产力，许多年轻人感到精疲力竭，往往睡眠不足。很容易看出为什么抽出时间来躺一躺是有吸引力的。”他补充道“在很多方面，这是有益的。这是一个机会，让你远离现实生活中的问题，在以更好的心态回归生活之前理清你的头脑”)”可知，根据瑞安·苏尔坦博士的说法，年轻人喜欢躺尸是因为这是逃避压力的一种方式。故选C。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Spending t many daytime hurs in bed — awake r nt — culd destry sleep schedules. (白天在床上呆太长时间——不管醒不醒——都会破坏睡眠时间安排。)”和后文“Lying in bed half-asleep during the day will wrsen sleep schedules — nce that happens, it is a challenge t fix.(白天躺在床上半睡半醒会使睡眠时间安排变差——一旦出现这种情况，就很难解决了)”以及“fr sleep in darkness and alertness in light”可推断，我们的大脑被训练为在黑暗中睡觉，在光明中保持警觉。故划线词意思是“训练有素的”。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“While the ccasinal lazy day can be beneficial, t much culd have the ppsite effect.(偶尔偷懒一天是有益的，但偷懒太多则会产生相反的效果)”可知，偶尔懒惰对个人是有好处的。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sme Generatin Z trend fllwers are nw viewing it as a frm f self-care, but dctrs warn t much culd be “sign f depressin”. Are these extended breaks really wise fr ne’s mental health — r culd they be a cause fr cncern?(一些Z世代的潮流追随者现在将其视为一种自我保健方式，但医生警告说，过度躺尸可能是“抑郁症的征兆”。这些延长的休息时间真的对一个人的心理健康有益吗？还是会引起人们的担忧？)”结合接下来的分析内容可知，文章主要说明了年轻人喜欢躺尸来逃避压力，但专家指出长期需要或渴望躺尸可能会损害一个人的身体健康。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是长时间躺在床上可能产生的问题。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后所给A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Fr many American high schl senirs and their families, May 1 is “Natinal Cllege Decisin Day,” when students make a decisin abut their academic future. ___36___ Accrding t a recent survey, mre than half f Americans dn’t even think cllege is wrth the cst. This is upsetting, as cmpleting cllege is as imprtant as ever.
___37___ Even in tday’s cmpetitive labr market, cllege graduates find wrk much easier and tend t cmmand significantly higher incmes. The unemplyment rate fr thse with a bachelr’s degree r greater is currently half that f thse with a high schl degree. This cllege incme advantage is due t technlgical advances like the persnal cmputer and the Internet, which have caused a huge demand fr skilled wrkers. The rapid advances tday in autmatin and artificial intelligence will further increase the need fr a highly skilled wrkfrce. ___38___
It is understandable why many students and families suspect that cllege is n lnger “wrth it.” Cllege tuitin has been rising fr years, and many students fear being burdened with lans after graduatin. But in fact, the net price f a fur-year cllege, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is nw lwer than it was in 2006. ___39___ In ther wrds, the investment paid ff.
T make smart decisins abut where t g and what t study, students and parents can make use f resurces available tday t make infrmed chices. ___40___ With these resurces, students can gain a reasnable picture f what their future hlds dwn each ptential path.
A. T acquire these advanced skills, cllege remains the surest path.
B. Hwever, recent years have seen a sharp drp in cllege registratin.
C. These attitudes are als reflected in the actins f the yungest generatin.
D. Higher educatin must make cllege pricing clear t wuld-be cllege-gers.
E. Huge data shws a cllege degree actually gives graduates ecnmic advantages.
F. Furthermre, students in debt were mre likely t finish their degrees and earn mre later.
G. Fr example, tls like Cllege Screcard ffer graduatin rates and future earnings acrss schls.
【答案】36. B 37. E 38. A 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章认为完成大学学业和以往一样重要，大学学位可以给毕业生带来经济优势，而且很多学生和家长担心的债务问题实际上可以在学生毕业后得以解决，他们可以借助现有的资源明智地选择大学和专业。
【36题详解】
前文“Fr many American high schl senirs and their families, May 1 is “Natinal Cllege Decisin Day,” when students make a decisin abut their academic future. (对许多美国高中毕业生和他们的家人来说，5月1日是“全国大学决定日”，学生们在这一天对自己的学业未来做出决定)”引出美国高中毕业生选择大学的话题，后文“Accrding t a recent survey, mre than half f Americans dn’t even think cllege is wrth the cst. (根据最近的一项调查，超过一半的美国人甚至认为上大学不值这个钱)”指出很多美国人不再选择上大学，因此B项“Hwever, recent years have seen a sharp drp in cllege registratin. (然而，近年来大学注册人数急剧下降)”符合语境，说明上大学人数减少的情况，和前文形成转折，后文是对选项内容的进一步说明。故选B。
【37题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。根据后文“Even in tday’s cmpetitive labr market, cllege graduates find wrk much easier and tend t cmmand significantly higher incmes. The unemplyment rate fr thse with a bachelr’s degree r greater is currently half that f thse with a high schl degree. (即使在当今竞争激烈的劳动力市场上，大学毕业生也更容易找到工作，而且往往能获得高得多的收入。目前，拥有学士学位或更高学位的人的失业率是拥有高中学位的人的一半)”可知，本段主要介绍拥有大学学位在就业方面的优势，因此E项“Huge data shws a cllege degree actually gives graduates ecnmic advantages. (大量数据显示，大学学位实际上给毕业生带来了经济优势)”符合语境，点明大学学位带来经济优势，契合段落内容。故选E。
【38题详解】
前文“The rapid advances tday in autmatin and artificial intelligence will further increase the need fr a highly skilled wrkfrce. (当今自动化和人工智能的快速发展将进一步增加对高技能劳动力的需求)”说明当前社会发展对高技能劳动力的需求，因此A项“T acquire these advanced skills, cllege remains the surest path. (要获得这些高级技能，大学仍然是最可靠的途径)”符合语境，指出大学可以帮助获得这些高级技能，承接前文。故选A。
【39题详解】
前文“But in fact, the net price f a fur-year cllege, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is nw lwer than it was in 2006. (但事实上，四年制大学的净学费，即学生在获得经济援助后支付的费用，自2018年以来一直在下降，现在比2006年还低)”指出大学的净学费实际上有所下降，后文“In ther wrds, the investment paid ff. (换句话说，投资得到了回报)”对空处的内容进行了简要概括，说明大学投资有回报，因此F项“Furthermre, students in debt were mre likely t finish their degrees and earn mre later. (此外，有债务的学生更有可能完成学位并在以后赚得更多)”符合语境，指出债务可以激励大学生完成学位、获得更高收入，承接前文，契合后文的概括。故选F。
【40题详解】
前文“T make smart decisins abut where t g and what t study, students and parents can make use f resurces available tday t make infrmed chices. (为了做出明智的决定，去哪里和学什么，学生和家长可以利用现有的资源在知情的情况下做出选择)”建议学生和家长利用现有资源去选择，因此G项“Fr example, tls like Cllege Screcard ffer graduatin rates and future earnings acrss schls. (例如，像大学记分卡这样的工具可以提供各个学校的毕业率和未来收入)”符合语境，举出一个具体的可使用的资源，承接前文。故选G。
第三部分 阅读表达 (共4小题;第41、42题各2分，第43题3分，第44题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Kieran Behan was just a by, maybe 6 years ld, when he fell in lve with gymnastics, but that was befre a series f injuries, tw s severe that dctrs tld him he wuld never walk again.
Yet Behan, pushed n. “Dctrs tld me, ‘stp thinking abut yur crazy dreams and yu must accept that it’s ver fr yu,’” Behan said. “But I just kept saying: ‘N, n, n — this is nt the rest f my life. This is nt hw it’s ging t play ut.’ And lk at me nw, an Olympian. They said it was impssible, but I did it.”
Kieran Behan started gymnastics when he was 8. But sn came the first f many blws: during a leg peratin, a dctr’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left ft. Dctrs tld him t prepare himself fr life in a wheelchair.
They were wrng.
Althugh it tk 15 mnths, Behan went back t gymnastics. But eight mnths after he returned frm his leg injury, disaster hit again. He hit the back f his head during training. The accident caused a brain injury which affected his balance s much that even the slightest mvement culd cause Behan t faint. Mearly tw years after nn-stp physical therapy, Kieran Behan did what he did best: he picked himself up again. He said he culd nt live withut gymnastics and never dubted he wuld be back.
Finally, in 2012, his determinatin began t pay ff. His excellent perfrmance at the Olympic test event qualified him fr the Games. “I felt like I was in a fairy tale,” he said f the Lndn Games. “All I culd think abut was: ‘Is this a dream? Tell me this is really happening.’” Even thugh be did nt enter any f the event finals, Behan never lst heart and persevered t make it fr the 2016 Olympic Games at Ri de Janeir.
Behan hpes his tale might inspire thers t vercme hardship, whether it is in sprts, at wrk r at hme.
Still, he struggled t explain why he has been s unbeatable. “I think it’s prbably just in my bld,” he said. “I was just brn t d this.”
41. What happened during Behan’s leg peratin?
________________________________________________________________
42. In what way did Behan’s brain injury influence him?
________________________________________________________________
43. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Because f Behan’s determinatin, he wn at the finals in the Lndn Games.
________________________________________________________________
44. D yu think Behan is a great athlete? Why r why nt? (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________________________
【答案】41. A dctr’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left ft.
42. His brain injury affected his balance s much that even the slightest mvement culd cause him t faint.
43. Because f Behan’s determinatin, he wn at the finals in the Lndn Games.
He gt the chance t take part in the Lndn Games but he didn’t make it t the finals.
He was qualified fr the Lndn Games, but he didn’t make it t the finals.
44. I think he is a great athlete. Because n matter what difficulties he encuntered, he wuld pick himself up again. He ffught fr his dream f being an athlete. He has been s unbeatable.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Kieran Behan虽然遭遇了很多，但是无论遇到什么困难，他都勇敢克服，一直为自己成为一名运动员的梦想而战斗。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“But sn came the first f many blws: during a leg peratin, a dctr’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left ft.(但很快，他就遭受了诸多打击中的第一个打击：在一次腿部手术中，医生的失误造成了严重的神经损伤，导致贝汉的左脚感觉有限)”可知，在一次腿部手术中，医生的错误造成了严重的神经损伤，导致贝汉的左脚感觉有限。故填A dctr’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left ft.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段中“The accident caused a brain injury which affected his balance s much that even the slightest mvement culd cause Behan t faint.(这次事故造成了脑损伤，严重影响了他的平衡能力，即使是最轻微的动作也可能导致贝汉晕倒)”可知，他的脑部受伤严重影响了他的平衡，哪怕是最轻微的动作都会让他晕倒。故填His brain injury affected his balance s much that even the slightest mvement culd cause him t faint.
【43题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中“Finally, in 2012, his determinatin began t pay ff. His excellent perfrmance at the Olympic test event qualified him fr the Games. (终于，2012年，他的决心开始得到回报。他在奥运会测试赛中的出色表现使他获得了参加奥运会的资格)”和“Even thugh be did nt enter any f the event finals, Behan never lst heart and persevered t make it fr the 2016 Olympic Games at Ri de Janeir.(尽管没有进入任何项目的决赛，贝汉从未灰心，坚持参加2016年里约热内卢奥运会)”可知，由于他的决心，他获得了参加伦敦奥运会的机会，但没有进入决赛。所以句中“he wn at the finals in the Lndn Games”是错误的，是因为他获得了参加伦敦奥运会的机会/参赛资格，但是他没有进入决赛。故填Because f Behan’s determinatin, he wn at the finals in the Lndn Games. He gt the chance t take part in the Lndn Games but he didn’t make it t the finals./He was qualified fr the Lndn Games, but he didn’t make it t the finals.
【44题详解】
开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，Behan虽然遭遇了很多，但是无论遇到什么困难，他都勇敢克服，一直为自己成为一名运动员的梦想而战斗，他是如此不可战胜的。所以“我”认为他是一名伟大的运动员。故填I think he is a great athlete. Because n matter what difficulties he encuntered, he wuld pick himself up again. He ffught fr his dream f being an athlete. He has been s unbeatable.
第四部分 基础知识 （共二节，18分）
第一节 选词填空（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。
45. She made a(n) ________ fr her sn t see the dctr.
46. In the car crash, the tw passengers escaped severe ________.
47. I need t keep my translatin ________ t the riginal text.
48. We must prtect the ________ animals befre they becme extinct.
【答案】45. appintment
46. injury 47. faithful
48. endangered
【解析】
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：她为儿子预约看医生。根据“t see the dctr”以及句意“预约”可知应填名词appintment，不定冠词提示用单数。故填appintment。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：在车祸中，两名乘客没有受重伤。根据“In the car crash”以及句意“受伤”可知应填名词injury，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填injury。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我需要使我的译文忠实于原文。根据“t the riginal text”以及句意“忠实”可知应填形容词faithful，作宾补。故填faithful。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们必须在濒临灭绝的动物灭绝之前保护它们。根据“befre they becme extinct”以及句意“濒临灭绝的”可知应填形容词endangered，作定语修饰名词animals。故填endangered。
第二节 单词拼写（共20小题，每小题0. 5分，共10分）
汉译英
49. 生动的 adj. ________
50. 极其重要，必不可少的 adj. ________
51. 羞愧的；内疚的 adj. ________
52. 困惑的 adj. ________
53. 失望的，沮丧的 adj. ________
54. 幽默的；诙谐的 adj. ________
55. 痛苦的 adj. ________
56. 有利的，有帮助的 adj. ________
57. 检查 v. ________
58. 促进，增进 v. ________
【答案】49. vivid
50. crucial
51. guilty 52. cnfused
53. disappinted
54. humrus
55. painful
56. helpful
57. examine
58. prmte
【解析】
【49题详解】
形容词表示“生动的”为vivid，故填vivid。
【50题详解】
形容词表示“极其重要的，必不可少的”为crucial，故填crucial。
【51题详解】
形容词表示“羞愧的；内疚的”为guilty，故填guilty。
【52题详解】
形容词表示“困惑的”为cnfused，故填cnfused。
【53题详解】
形容词表示“失望的，沮丧的”为disappinted，故填disappinted。
【54题详解】
形容词表示“幽默的；诙谐的”为humrus，故填humrus。
【55题详解】
形容词表示“痛苦的”为painful，故填painful。
【56题详解】
形容词表示“有利的，有帮助的”为helpful，故填helpful。
【57题详解】
动词表示“检查”为examine，故填examine。
【58题详解】
动词表示“促进，增进”为prmte，故填prmte。
汉译英
59. 追求 v. ________
60. 奉献；捐献 v. ________
61. 表现 v. ________
62. 强烈要求；敦促 v. ________
63. 处理(难题)；应付(局面) v. ________
64. 心情，情绪 n. ________
65. 邀请 n. ________
66. 偶然地，意外地 adv. ________
67. 依赖；依靠（短语） ________
【答案】59. pursue
60 dedicate 61. behave 62. urge 63. tackle 64. md
65. invitatin
66. accidentally 67. rely n
【解析】
【59题详解】
“追求 v.”为pursue，故填pursue。
【60题详解】
“奉献；捐献 v.”为dedicate，故填dedicate。
【61题详解】
“表现 v.”为behave，故填behave。
【62题详解】
“强烈要求；敦促 v.”为urge，故填urge。
【63题详解】
“处理(难题)；应付(局面) v.”为tackle，故填tackle。
【64题详解】
“心情，情绪 n.”为md，故填md。
【65题详解】
“邀请 n.”为invitatin，故填invitatin。
【66题详解】
“偶然地，意外地 adv.”为accidentally， 故填accidentally。
【67题详解】
动词短语“依赖；依靠”为rely n， 故填rely n。endangered appintment faithful injury
（考试时间90分钟 满分100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
At abut 11 p.m., Janet gt ff the train, went int her car and started driving hme. She was s familiar with the rute that she almst___1___autmatically: turned left t the Statin Rad, then anther left nt Mntauk Highway, and then — bang! When Janet’s car had just crssed the railrad tracks, it hit anther vehicle and was___2___back nt the tracks. Injured but mstly shcked by the crash and by the airbags that ppped up, she was___3___in the vehicle.
As it happened, Andrew was just abut t g t sleep when he heard a sharp nise and saw the accident nt far utside his bedrm windw. As a retired___4___, Andrew, wh was 69, fetched a flashlight and rushed ut withut___5___.
Arriving at the spt, Andrew lked arund and___6___Janet’s car straddling the railway tracks. And then he heard the bell ring, which signaled a train’s arrival.
The train was running tward them at a speed f sme 105 kilmeters per hur. The driver’s ___7___cannt be pened due t the cllisin, s Andrew quickly ran t the ther side and managed t pen the dr. He put the airbags___8___, seized her arms, pulled her tward him acrss the passenger seat until finally gt her ut and walked her t___9___as sn as pssible. Several secnds later, the train crashed int the vehicle.
“Last night,” said Gregry, Chief f the Department in Suth Cuntry Ambulance, “the_____10_____arrived in pajamas (睡衣裤) , nt in a fire truck.”
1. A. drveB. walkedC. rdeD. hiked
2. A. brughtB. wentC. pushedD. mved
3. A. engagedB. stuckC. absrbedD. sptted
4. A. dctrB. driverC. firefighterD. engineer
5. A. patienceB. dubtC. exceptinD. hesitatin
6. A. predictedB. realizedC. bservedD. discvered
7. A. windwB. drC. beltD. handle
8. A. asideB. dwnC. nD. up
9. A. safetyB. securityC. statinD. shelter
10. A. reprterB. pliceC. herD. sldier
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了珍妮特的车在穿越火车铁轨时与另一辆车相撞，造成她的车被甩回了铁轨上并且她也被卡在车里，危急时刻69岁的退休消防员安德鲁勇敢地解救她的故事。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她对这条路线非常熟悉以至于她可以自动驾驶：向左到达车站路然后左转上蒙托克公路，然后——“砰”的一声。A. drve驾驶；B. walked走路；C. rde骑；D. hiked远足。根据前文“At abut 11 p.m., Janet gt ff the train, went int her car and started driving hme.”可知，珍妮特下了火车准备开车回家，由于她对道路很熟悉几乎可以达到自动驾驶的程度，此处drve为原词复现。故选A项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当珍妮特的车刚穿过铁轨时，它撞上了另一辆车并且又被推回到铁轨上。A. brught带来；B. went去；C. pushed推；D. mved移动。根据后文“Arriving at the spt, Andrew lked arund and___6___Janet’s car straddling the railway tracks.”可知，安德鲁在到达事发地点时看见珍妮特的汽车横跨在铁轨上，推断出事故发生时珍妮特的车又被推到了铁轨上, push back意为“推回”，符合题意。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她受伤了但是被撞车和弹起的安全气囊冲击后，她被卡在了车里。A. engaged从事；B. stuck卡住；C. absrbed吸收；D. sptted看见。根据前文“Injured but mstly shcked by the crash and by the airbags that ppped up”可知，珍妮特受伤了而且被撞车和打开的安全气囊冲击，推断出她被卡在车里出不去。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个退休的消防员，69岁的安德鲁找出了手电筒然后毫不犹豫地冲了出去。A. dctr医生；B. driver司机；C. firefighter消防员；D. engineer工程师。根据后文“the____10____arrived in pajamas (睡衣裤) , nt in a fire truck.”可知，安德鲁是穿着睡衣救人的而不是坐着消防车，推断出他在退休之前是一名消防员。故选C项.
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个退休的消防员，69岁的安德鲁找出了手电筒然后毫不犹豫地冲了出去。A. patience耐心；B. dubt怀疑；C. exceptin例外；D. hesitatin犹豫。根据前文“rushed ut”和后文“arrived in pajamas”可知，安德鲁在看见事故后是穿着睡衣冲出去的，推断出他是毫不犹豫去现场救人的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达了事发现场地点，安德鲁环顾四周发现珍妮特的车正横跨在铁轨上。A. predicted预测；B. realized意识到；C. bserved遵守；D. discvered发现。根据前文“lked arund”可知，安德鲁环顾四周，车子横跨在铁轨上应该是他发现的事实。故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：司机的门由于碰撞不能打开，所以安德鲁快速的跑到了另一边设法打开了门。A. windw窗户；B. dr门；C. belt腰带；D. handle把手。根据后文“s Andrew quickly ran t the ther side and managed t pen the dr”可知，安德鲁快速跑向另一边并设法打开门，推断出驾驶室的门打不开了。故选B项。
8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他把安全气囊放到了一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副驾驶座位上，直到最后把她拉到了尽可能安全的地方。A. aside在旁边；B. dwn向下；C. n在上面；D. up向上。根据前文“the airbags that ppped up”可知，安全气囊打开了，根据常识可知安德鲁要救出珍妮特需要先把安全气囊放到一边，put aside意为“放到一边”，符合题意。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把安全气囊放到了一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副驾驶座位上，直到最后把她拉到了尽可能安全的地方。A. safety安全场所；B. security保护措施；C. statin车站；D. shelter住所。根据前文“The train was running tward them at a speed f sme 105 kilmeters per hur.”可知，火车马上就要开过来了，推断出安德鲁把珍妮特从车里救出来后为了躲避火车的撞击把她送到了安全的地方。故选A项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：英雄是穿着睡衣来的，而不是坐着消防车。A. Reprter记者；B. plice警察；C. her英雄；D. sldier士兵。根据前文“He put the airbags___8___, seized her arms, pulled her tward him acrss the passenger seat until finally gt her ut and walked her t___9___as sn as pssible.”可知，安德鲁救出了车祸中的珍妮特，所以推断出他是一名英雄。故选C项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Stephen Curry was thught by many peple t be unsuitable fr a career in prfessinal basketball. Hwever,____11____(select) fr the NBA in 2009, he jined the Glden State Warrirs and perfrmed____12____everyne’s expectatins with his accurate shting and cntinuus effrts. In 2015, Stephen____13____(win) his first NBA champinship, and he led the Warrirs t their first champinship since 1975.
【答案】11. selected
12. beynd 13. wn
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了斯蒂芬·库里被许多人认为不适合从事职业篮球生涯。然而，他用精准的投篮和不断的努力超出了所有人的预期。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。非谓语动词select的逻辑主语是Stephen，两者之间是动宾关系，所以要用过去分词表被动，作状语。故填selected。
【12题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，2009年入选NBA，他加盟了金州勇士队，凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力，他的表现超出了所有人的预期。hwever表示转折，别人认为他不适合打职业篮球，他超出所有人预期，介词超出是beynd，故填beynd。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：2015年，斯蒂芬赢得了他的第一个NBA总冠军，他带领勇士队获得了自1975年以来的第一个总冠军。主语Stephen后缺少谓语，根据时间状语in 2015，可知，谓语动词用一般过去时。故填wn。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
China’s space medicine experts have started planning t set up a “space hspital” ____14____ (serve) astrnauts, accrding t a ____15____ (lead) scientist. These experts are carrying ut experiments and tests n the grund t advance the basic wrk n a space hspital. The value f this prject is that it ____16____ (enable) ur space explrers t travel deeper and stay ____17____ (healthy) during their jurney. The research f such a space-based clinic will als help t develp ur cuntry’s medical technlgy.
【答案】14. t serve
15. leading
16. will enable
17. healthier
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。报道说中国的太空医学专家已经开始计划建立一个“太空医院”来为宇航员服务。
【14题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：据一位著名科学家称，中国的太空医学专家已经开始计划建立一个“太空医院”来为宇航员服务。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词started，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；结合句意可知，空处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t serve。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。空处需用形容词作定语修饰空后名词scientist，lead对应的形容词为leading“一流的，卓著的”。故填leading。
【16题详解】
考查时态。句意：该项目的价值在于，它将使我们的太空探险者能够更深入地探险，并在探险中保持健康。结合文章描述可知，本文描述的是将来的一种可能性，由此可知，空处谓语动词需用一般将来时。故填will enable。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。此处是系动词，其后需接形容词作表语，建立“太空医院”目的是帮助宇航员保持健康，由空前deeper可知，空处形容词需用比较级 。故填healthier。
C
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Peple in Paris lve the view f the city’s ld ___18___ (building), especially Ntre Dame Cathedral in Paris (巴黎圣母院). But the tp f the 850-year-ld church and tw-thirds f the rf ___19___ (destry) by a fire n April 16. Parisians were s shcked and gathered arund the giant church, praying fr the hundreds f firefighters ___20___ fught the flames.
【答案】18. buildings
19. were destryed
20 wh##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了巴黎圣母院发生火灾以及消防员救火的故事。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：巴黎人喜欢这座城市的老建筑，尤其是巴黎圣母院。名词所有格city’s后接名词，building为可数名词，此处表示泛指，需填名词复数形式。故填buildings。
【19题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：但这座有850年历史的教堂的顶部和三分之二的屋顶在4月16日的一场大火中被烧毁。根据n April 16可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，the tp f the 850-year-ld church and tw-thirds f the rf和destry为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语“the tp f the 850-year-ld church and tw-thirds f the rf ”是复数，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填were destryed。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：巴黎人非常震惊，聚集在巨大的教堂周围，为数百名与大火搏斗的消防员祈祷。空处引导定语从句，先行词firefighters，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词wh/that引导。故填wh/that。
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，40分)
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The United Natins Educatinal, Scientific and Cultural Organizatin (UNESCO) is respnsible fr evaluating and judging whether a place culd be titled The Wrld Heritage Site. The grup chses sites based n histrical and cultural imprtance, as well as their beauty.
The Wrld Heritage in Beijing
Cnstructed frm 1406 t 1420, The Temple f Heaven is an imperial cmplex f religius buildings situated in the central area f Beijing. The Temple f Heaven was inscribed as a UNESCO Wrld Heritage Site in 1998 and was described as a masterpiece f architecture and landscape design.
The Temple cmprises three main grups f cnstructins: The Hall f Prayer fr Gd Harvests, The Imperial Vault f Heaven and The Circular Mund Altar.
The Wrld Heritage in Luyang
Situated n the central plain f China, Luyang is ne f the cradles f Chinese civilizatin.
The Lngmen Grttes, suth f the city, were excavated and carved frm 493 AD t 1127 AD. It was listed n the UNESCO list f Wrld Heritage Sites in 2000.The images were carved as utside rck reliefs and inside artificial caves. There are as many as 100,000 statues within the 2,345 caves. The area als has ver sixty Buddhist pagdas.
The Wrld Heritage in Wiltshire
Stnehenge is a prehistric mnument in England. It cnsists f a ring f standing stnes, tpped by cnnecting stnes. The whle mnument, nw ruinus, is riented twards the sunrise n the Summer Slstice.
Stnehenge is regarded as a British cultural icn. The site and its surrundings were added t UNESCO’s list f Wrld Heritage Sites in 1986.
Archaelgists believe Stnehenge was cnstructed frm 3000 BC t 2000 BC. It culd have been a burial grund frm its earliest beginnings.
21. What can we learn abut Stnehenge?
A. Stnehenge is a symbl f British culture.
B. Stnehenge has a histry f 3000 years.
C. Stnehenge cnsists f stnes and wd.
D. Stnehenge is nt riented twards the sunrise.
22. Accrding t the passage, we can learn that ________.
A. there are 100,000 caves in The Lngmen Grttes
B. The Temple f Heaven has three main grups f buildings
C. nly ne site in Luyang is listed in The Wrld Heritage Sites
D. the Temple f Heaven has been titled the Wrld Heritage Site fr 30 years
23. What d the three sites in the text have in cmmn?
A. They have caves, halls and statues.
B. They are ancient imperial buildings.
C. They all have histrical and cultural value.
D. They are cnnected with Buddhist culture.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个具有历史和文化价值的联合国世界遗产。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Wrld Heritage in Wiltshire中“Stnehenge is regarded as a British cultural icn. (巨石阵被视为英国的文化标志)”可知，巨石阵是英国文化的象征。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Wrld Heritage in Beijing中“The Temple cmprises three main grups f cnstructins: The Hall f Prayer fr Gd Harvests, The Imperial Vault f Heaven and The Circular Mund Altar.( 故宫由三大建筑组成：祈年殿、皇穹宇和圜丘坛)”可知，天坛有三组主要的建筑。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The grup chses sites based n histrical and cultural imprtance, as well as their beauty.(该组织根据历史和文化的重要性以及它们的美丽来选择景点)”和后文文章的介绍可知，这三个文化遗产的共同之处在于它们都具有历史和文化价值。故选C。
B
Rudlph plays ftball fr Flrida State University. When he was visiting a middle schl in Flrida ne Tuesday, he nticed sixth-grader Le eating his lunch alne. Rudlph grabbed a cuple pieces f pizza and jined Le at his table.
Le has autism, a cnditin that can make it hard t make friends and cmmunicate with ther peple. His mther always wrries abut him. Tw days later, she saw a picture f Rudlph and Le eating tgether and it made her s happy that she cried. Then, she shared the picture n the Internet, alng with a message abut hw thankful she was. The stry became ppular very quickly.
“We just had a great cnversatin. He started ff telling me his name is Le, telling me hw much he lves Flrida State. We went frm there, ” said Rudlph. “It was really easy. He had a nice smile n his face. Just a really warm persn.”
Le’s mther said that middle schl can be hard, and she wrries abut hw ther kids will treat her sn. “Smetimes I’m thankful fr his autism. That may sund like a terrible thing t say, but in sme ways I think — I hpe — it shields him, ” she said.
“He desn’t seem t ntice when peple lk at him when he flaps (拍打) his hands,” she said. “He desn’t seem t ntice that he desn’t get invited t birthday parties. And he desn’t seem t mind if he eats lunch alne.”
The mther said the pht f Rudlph and Le’s lunch date helped teach peple abut autism. “The picture speaks mre than a thusand wrds. Yu can see hw far away the rest f the students are, but yu can see hw engaged Rudlph is with Le,” she added.
“I just wanted t g say hi t the kid, because I saw him eating alne. I didn’t even knw anybdy tk a pht f it.” Rudlph said he was glad that the stry was helping thers.
Le is excited that Rudlph signed his lunch bx, and is enjying all f the attentin. “It’s been awesme. Everyne was s prud f me,” Le said.
Le and his mther have been invited t dinner with the ftball team and pssibly t a game.
24. Rudlph chse t eat with Le because he _______________.
A. knew Le suffered frm autismB. wanted t make friends with Le
C. prmised t sign Le’s lunchbxD. saw n ne sitting at the table with Le
25. Le’s mther shared the picture n the Internet t ________________.
A. shw her thankfulnessB. teach peple abut autism
C. help her sn t becme famusD. make the ther students feel ashamed
26. What did Le’s mther mean by saying the sentence underlined in Paragraph 4?
A. Autism prtects Le frm being treated badly at schl.
B. Autism causes Le t receive psitive public attentin.
C. Autism makes Le nt realize his scial challenges.
D. Autism helps Le escape frm scial activities.
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. One gd turn deserves anther.B. A lss may turn ut t be a gain.
C. A little kindness ges a lng way.D. Chance favrs the prepared mind.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. C 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了鲁道夫在佛罗里达州立大学踢足球，某天他看到利奥独自吃饭，于是选择和他坐在一起。利奥患有自闭症，这种情况会使他很难交朋友，也很难与他人交流。而这一场景被拍摄下来，被利奥的母亲看到了，她十分感动和感激。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When he was visiting a middle schl in Flrida ne Tuesday, he nticed sixth-grader Le eating his lunch alne. Rudlph grabbed a cuple pieces f pizza and jined Le at his table.(一个星期二，当他参观佛罗里达州的一所中学时，他注意到六年级的里奥独自吃午饭。鲁道夫抓了几块披萨，和利奥一起坐在他的桌子旁)”可知，鲁道夫选择和利奥一起吃饭，因为他看到没有人和利奥坐在一起。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Tw days later, she saw a picture f Rudlph and Le eating tgether and it made her s happy that she cried. Then, she shared the picture n the Internet, alng with a message abut hw thankful she was.(两天后，她看到一张鲁道夫和利奥一起吃饭的照片，她高兴得哭了。然后，她在网上分享了这张照片，并留言表示她非常感激)”可知，利奥的妈妈在网上分享了这张照片，以表达她的感激之情。故选A。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线句后文“That may sund like a terrible thing t say, but in sme ways I think — I hpe — it shields him”可知，利奥的母亲说自闭症听起来可怕，但是一定程度上保护了利奥，因为自闭症让利奥没有意识到他的社交挑战。故划线句意思是“自闭症使利奥没有意识到他的社交挑战”。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““I just wanted t g say hi t the kid, because I saw him eating alne. I didn’t even knw anybdy tk a pht f it.” Rudlph said he was glad that the stry was helping thers.(“我只是想去和那个孩子打个招呼，因为我看到他一个人吃饭。我甚至不知道有人给它拍了照片。”鲁道夫说他很高兴这个故事能帮助到别人)”结合文章主要讲述了鲁道夫在佛罗里达州立大学踢足球，某天他看到利奥独自吃饭，于是选择和他坐在一起。利奥患有自闭症，这种情况会使他很难交朋友，也很难与他人交流。而这一场景被拍摄下来，被利奥的母亲看到了，她十分感动和感激。由此推知，一点善意会大有帮助。故选C。
C
Guardian Angels are peple wh travel n the New Yrk subways and prtect ther passengers frm criminals (罪犯). They are vlunteers: they dn’t get paid anything t d this jb. The Guardian Angels wuld never have appeared withut a yung man named Curtis Sliwa.
Frty-three years ag, if yu’d wanted t travel hme late at night n the New Yrk subway, yu wuldn’t have felt very safe. Luckily, n February 13, 1979, at 3:00 a. m. , the first safety patrl (巡逻)—called The Team—went int actin. Curtis Sliwa and his friend Dn Chin began t cleanup crime n ne f New Yrk’s tughest subway lines, the Number 4 train. Hwever, this was nt a jb fr tw, but a jb fr 13, s thirteen brave peple walked int the last car f the Number 4 subway line in New Yrk City—the “Mugger’s Express”. If they saw a danger f vilence (暴力), they stpped it, using nn-vilent means. The grup became knwn as the “Magnificent 13”.
The Magnificent 13 sn went frm thirteen members t hundreds and they changed their name t the Guardian Angels Safety Patrl (GASP). At first, GASP faced ppsitin frm the plice, but they had the strng supprt f the public. Tday, the Guardian Angels can be fund all ver the US. If yu travel by subway, yu will see them wearing red hats and white T-shirts. Althugh Guardian Angels are nt armed, if they’re present, a criminal will think twice befre cmmitting a crime.
The Guardian Angels als train yung peple t jin them in their fight against crime. They believe that if they train grups f vlunteers t patrl dangerus areas in New Yrk, the city will be safer fr everybdy. “If we had mre vlunteers, we wuld be able t reduce the prblems many cities face: vilence, crime, and drugs. ”
They have als started after-schl training prgrams inside high schls and cmmunity centers. If yung peple visit the Guardian Angels Headquarters (总部), vlunteers will talk t them abut their wrk and will then guide them thrugh the Times Square area. It’s fun. It’s safe and meaningful!
28. What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The changes brught by the Magnificent 13.
B The birth f the Guardian Angels Safety Patrl.
C. The subway lines that the Guardian Angels patrlled.
D. The reasn why Curtis Sliwa wanted t stp subway crime.
29. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The plice influenced the public’s pinins abut GASP.
B. Vlunteers play an active rle in reducing crime in New Yrk.
C. The Magnificent 13 put an end t crime n the Mugger’s Express.
D. The Guardian Angels smetimes turn t vilence t keep passengers safe.
30. What can yung peple d at the Guardian Angels Headquarters?
A. Talk t the leader f GASP.B. Take part in training prgrams.
C. Carry ut safety patrls with guides.D. Get educated abut the Guardian Angels’wrk.
31. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the passage?
A. T publicize a scial service grup.B. T call attentin t public safety cncerns.
C. T intrduce Curtis Sliwa’s great cntributins.D. T present new ways t reduce crime in sciety.
【答案】28. B 29. B 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为“守护天使”的组织，他们在纽约地铁上保护其他乘客不受罪犯伤害。文章介绍了这一组织成立的经过以及在打击犯罪方面的贡献。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Frty-three years ag, if yu’d wanted t travel hme late at night n the New Yrk subway, yu wuldn’t have felt very safe. Luckily, n February 13, 1979, at 3:00 a. m. , the first safety patrl (巡逻)—called The Team—went int actin. Curtis Sliwa and his friend Dn Chin began t cleanup crime n ne f New Yrk’s tughest subway lines, the Number 4 train. Hwever, this was nt a jb fr tw, but a jb fr 13, s thirteen brave peple walked int the last car f the Number 4 subway line in New Yrk City—the “Mugger’s Express”. If they saw a danger f vilence (暴力), they stpped it, using nn-vilent means. The grup became knwn as the “Magnificent 13”. (43年前，如果你想在深夜乘坐纽约地铁回家，你不会觉得很安全。幸运的是，1979年2月13日凌晨3点，第一支被称为“团队”的安全巡逻队开始行动。Curtis Sliwa和他的朋友Dn Chin开始在纽约最艰难的地铁线路之一，4号线上清理犯罪。然而，这不是两个人的工作，而是13个人的工作，所以13个勇敢的人走进了纽约市地铁4号线的最后一节车厢——“抢劫犯快车”。如果他们看到暴力的危险，他们就会用非暴力的方式制止它。这个组织后来被称为“13伟人”。)”可知，第二段的主要内容是守护天使安全巡逻队的诞生。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If we had mre vlunteers, we wuld be able t reduce the prblems many cities face: vilence, crime, and drugs. (如果我们有更多的志愿者，我们就能减少许多城市面临的问题：暴力、犯罪和毒品。)”可知，志愿者在减少纽约的犯罪方面发挥了积极的作用。故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“If yung peple visit the Guardian Angels Headquarters (总部), vlunteers will talk t them abut their wrk and will then guide them thrugh the Times Square area. (如果年轻人参观守护天使总部，志愿者会和他们谈谈他们的工作，然后引导他们参观时代广场。)”可知，年轻人可以在守护天使总部了解守护天使的工作。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Guardian Angels are peple wh travel n the New Yrk subways and prtect ther passengers frm criminals (罪犯). They are vlunteers: they dn’t get paid anything t d this jb. The Guardian Angels wuld never have appeared withut a yung man named Curtis Sliwa. (守护天使是在纽约地铁上保护其他乘客不受罪犯伤害的人。他们是志愿者：他们做这项工作没有任何报酬。如果没有一个叫柯蒂斯·斯里瓦的年轻人，守护天使就不会出现。)”结合文章主要介绍了一个名为“守护天使”的组织，他们在纽约地铁上保护其他乘客不受罪犯伤害。文章介绍了这一组织成立的经过以及在打击犯罪方面的贡献。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是宣传一个社会服务团体。故选A。
D
Bed rtting — the practice f spending lng perids f time just staying under the cvers with snacks, screens and ther creature cmfrts — is gaining ppularity n scial media. Sme Generatin Z trend fllwers are nw viewing it as a frm f self-care, but dctrs warn t much culd be “sign f depressin”. Are these extended breaks really wise fr ne’s mental health — r culd they be a cause fr cncern?
Dr. Ryan Sultan, a prfessr at Clumbia University in New Yrk, wh treats many yung peple, called the bed rtting trend attractive. “In ur culture tday, with t much t d, t many expectatins and t much prductivity, many yung individuals (个人) are feeling burned ut and ften aren’t getting enugh sleep. It’s easy t see why taking time ff t lie arund is attractive,” Sultan said. “In many ways, this is beneficial. It’s a chance t get away frm real-life prblems and clear yur head befre returning t life in a better state f mind, ” he added.
Fr the dwnside, hwever, he said a lng-term need r desire fr bed rtting culd d harm t ne’s physical health. Spending t many daytime hurs in bed — awake r nt — culd destry sleep schedules. Our brains are fine-tuned fr sleep in darkness and alertness in light. Lying in bed half-asleep during the day will wrsen sleep schedules — nce that happens, it is a challenge t fix. It culd als lead t bld pressure prblems and besity (肥胖).
Lng-term need r desire fr bed rtting culd als be a warning sign f depressin, accrding t a mental health expert. Dr. Marc Siegel, prfessr f medicine at NYU Langne Medical Center and a Fx News medical cntributr, agreed that while sme dwntime can be useful in terms f de-stressing and rejuvenatin (更新), t much bed rtting is a bad health practice. In additin t increasing the risk f depressin, it cntributes t decreased mtivatin (动力) as well.
Instead f bed rtting, Siegel recmmends regular exercise as a better frm f de-stressing. While the ccasinal lazy day can be beneficial, t much culd have the ppsite effect. If it happens every day, that’s a fairly sensitive test fr depressin. Thse wh lack the mtivatin t get ut f bed culd als try calling r texting a family member fr supprt, scializing with clse friends, finding a small task t cmplete, r reaching ut t a medical prfessinal fr help.
32. Accrding t Dr. Ryan Sultan, why d yung peple like bed rtting?
A. They are fnd f what is ppular n scial media.B. They are unwilling t scialize with friends.
C. Bed rtting is away t escape stress.D. Bed rtting helps fix sleep schedules.
33. What des the wrd “fine-tuned” underlined in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Quickly-activated.B. Well-trained.C. Badly-needed.D. Ill-equipped.
34. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Being lazy frm time t time can be gd fr individuals.
B. Sleeping in light can increase the risk f depressin.
C. Bed rtting can allw peple t avid expectatins.
D. Feeling dwn leads t decreased mtivatin.
35. What is the passage mainly talking abut?
A. Different pinins n hw t becme mtivated.
B. Main causes f the lng-term need fr bed rtting.
C. Practical suggestins fr yung peple t deal with stress.
D. Pssible prblems frm lying in bed fr extended perids f time.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了年轻人喜欢躺尸来逃避压力，但专家指出长期需要或渴望躺尸可能会损害一个人的身体健康。
【32题详解】
推断判断题。根据第二段““In ur culture tday, with t much t d, t many expectatins and t much prductivity, many yung individuals (个人) are feeling burned ut and ften aren’t getting enugh sleep. It’s easy t see why taking time ff t lie arund is attractive,” Sultan said. “In many ways, this is beneficial. It’s a chance t get away frm real-life prblems and clear yur head befre returning t life in a better state f mind, ” he added.( Sultan说：“在我们今天的文化中，有太多的事情要做，太多的期望和太多的生产力，许多年轻人感到精疲力竭，往往睡眠不足。很容易看出为什么抽出时间来躺一躺是有吸引力的。”他补充道“在很多方面，这是有益的。这是一个机会，让你远离现实生活中的问题，在以更好的心态回归生活之前理清你的头脑”)”可知，根据瑞安·苏尔坦博士的说法，年轻人喜欢躺尸是因为这是逃避压力的一种方式。故选C。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Spending t many daytime hurs in bed — awake r nt — culd destry sleep schedules. (白天在床上呆太长时间——不管醒不醒——都会破坏睡眠时间安排。)”和后文“Lying in bed half-asleep during the day will wrsen sleep schedules — nce that happens, it is a challenge t fix.(白天躺在床上半睡半醒会使睡眠时间安排变差——一旦出现这种情况，就很难解决了)”以及“fr sleep in darkness and alertness in light”可推断，我们的大脑被训练为在黑暗中睡觉，在光明中保持警觉。故划线词意思是“训练有素的”。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“While the ccasinal lazy day can be beneficial, t much culd have the ppsite effect.(偶尔偷懒一天是有益的，但偷懒太多则会产生相反的效果)”可知，偶尔懒惰对个人是有好处的。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sme Generatin Z trend fllwers are nw viewing it as a frm f self-care, but dctrs warn t much culd be “sign f depressin”. Are these extended breaks really wise fr ne’s mental health — r culd they be a cause fr cncern?(一些Z世代的潮流追随者现在将其视为一种自我保健方式，但医生警告说，过度躺尸可能是“抑郁症的征兆”。这些延长的休息时间真的对一个人的心理健康有益吗？还是会引起人们的担忧？)”结合接下来的分析内容可知，文章主要说明了年轻人喜欢躺尸来逃避压力，但专家指出长期需要或渴望躺尸可能会损害一个人的身体健康。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是长时间躺在床上可能产生的问题。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后所给A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Fr many American high schl senirs and their families, May 1 is “Natinal Cllege Decisin Day,” when students make a decisin abut their academic future. ___36___ Accrding t a recent survey, mre than half f Americans dn’t even think cllege is wrth the cst. This is upsetting, as cmpleting cllege is as imprtant as ever.
___37___ Even in tday’s cmpetitive labr market, cllege graduates find wrk much easier and tend t cmmand significantly higher incmes. The unemplyment rate fr thse with a bachelr’s degree r greater is currently half that f thse with a high schl degree. This cllege incme advantage is due t technlgical advances like the persnal cmputer and the Internet, which have caused a huge demand fr skilled wrkers. The rapid advances tday in autmatin and artificial intelligence will further increase the need fr a highly skilled wrkfrce. ___38___
It is understandable why many students and families suspect that cllege is n lnger “wrth it.” Cllege tuitin has been rising fr years, and many students fear being burdened with lans after graduatin. But in fact, the net price f a fur-year cllege, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is nw lwer than it was in 2006. ___39___ In ther wrds, the investment paid ff.
T make smart decisins abut where t g and what t study, students and parents can make use f resurces available tday t make infrmed chices. ___40___ With these resurces, students can gain a reasnable picture f what their future hlds dwn each ptential path.
A. T acquire these advanced skills, cllege remains the surest path.
B. Hwever, recent years have seen a sharp drp in cllege registratin.
C. These attitudes are als reflected in the actins f the yungest generatin.
D. Higher educatin must make cllege pricing clear t wuld-be cllege-gers.
E. Huge data shws a cllege degree actually gives graduates ecnmic advantages.
F. Furthermre, students in debt were mre likely t finish their degrees and earn mre later.
G. Fr example, tls like Cllege Screcard ffer graduatin rates and future earnings acrss schls.
【答案】36. B 37. E 38. A 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章认为完成大学学业和以往一样重要，大学学位可以给毕业生带来经济优势，而且很多学生和家长担心的债务问题实际上可以在学生毕业后得以解决，他们可以借助现有的资源明智地选择大学和专业。
【36题详解】
前文“Fr many American high schl senirs and their families, May 1 is “Natinal Cllege Decisin Day,” when students make a decisin abut their academic future. (对许多美国高中毕业生和他们的家人来说，5月1日是“全国大学决定日”，学生们在这一天对自己的学业未来做出决定)”引出美国高中毕业生选择大学的话题，后文“Accrding t a recent survey, mre than half f Americans dn’t even think cllege is wrth the cst. (根据最近的一项调查，超过一半的美国人甚至认为上大学不值这个钱)”指出很多美国人不再选择上大学，因此B项“Hwever, recent years have seen a sharp drp in cllege registratin. (然而，近年来大学注册人数急剧下降)”符合语境，说明上大学人数减少的情况，和前文形成转折，后文是对选项内容的进一步说明。故选B。
【37题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。根据后文“Even in tday’s cmpetitive labr market, cllege graduates find wrk much easier and tend t cmmand significantly higher incmes. The unemplyment rate fr thse with a bachelr’s degree r greater is currently half that f thse with a high schl degree. (即使在当今竞争激烈的劳动力市场上，大学毕业生也更容易找到工作，而且往往能获得高得多的收入。目前，拥有学士学位或更高学位的人的失业率是拥有高中学位的人的一半)”可知，本段主要介绍拥有大学学位在就业方面的优势，因此E项“Huge data shws a cllege degree actually gives graduates ecnmic advantages. (大量数据显示，大学学位实际上给毕业生带来了经济优势)”符合语境，点明大学学位带来经济优势，契合段落内容。故选E。
【38题详解】
前文“The rapid advances tday in autmatin and artificial intelligence will further increase the need fr a highly skilled wrkfrce. (当今自动化和人工智能的快速发展将进一步增加对高技能劳动力的需求)”说明当前社会发展对高技能劳动力的需求，因此A项“T acquire these advanced skills, cllege remains the surest path. (要获得这些高级技能，大学仍然是最可靠的途径)”符合语境，指出大学可以帮助获得这些高级技能，承接前文。故选A。
【39题详解】
前文“But in fact, the net price f a fur-year cllege, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is nw lwer than it was in 2006. (但事实上，四年制大学的净学费，即学生在获得经济援助后支付的费用，自2018年以来一直在下降，现在比2006年还低)”指出大学的净学费实际上有所下降，后文“In ther wrds, the investment paid ff. (换句话说，投资得到了回报)”对空处的内容进行了简要概括，说明大学投资有回报，因此F项“Furthermre, students in debt were mre likely t finish their degrees and earn mre later. (此外，有债务的学生更有可能完成学位并在以后赚得更多)”符合语境，指出债务可以激励大学生完成学位、获得更高收入，承接前文，契合后文的概括。故选F。
【40题详解】
前文“T make smart decisins abut where t g and what t study, students and parents can make use f resurces available tday t make infrmed chices. (为了做出明智的决定，去哪里和学什么，学生和家长可以利用现有的资源在知情的情况下做出选择)”建议学生和家长利用现有资源去选择，因此G项“Fr example, tls like Cllege Screcard ffer graduatin rates and future earnings acrss schls. (例如，像大学记分卡这样的工具可以提供各个学校的毕业率和未来收入)”符合语境，举出一个具体的可使用的资源，承接前文。故选G。
第三部分 阅读表达 (共4小题;第41、42题各2分，第43题3分，第44题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Kieran Behan was just a by, maybe 6 years ld, when he fell in lve with gymnastics, but that was befre a series f injuries, tw s severe that dctrs tld him he wuld never walk again.
Yet Behan, pushed n. “Dctrs tld me, ‘stp thinking abut yur crazy dreams and yu must accept that it’s ver fr yu,’” Behan said. “But I just kept saying: ‘N, n, n — this is nt the rest f my life. This is nt hw it’s ging t play ut.’ And lk at me nw, an Olympian. They said it was impssible, but I did it.”
Kieran Behan started gymnastics when he was 8. But sn came the first f many blws: during a leg peratin, a dctr’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left ft. Dctrs tld him t prepare himself fr life in a wheelchair.
They were wrng.
Althugh it tk 15 mnths, Behan went back t gymnastics. But eight mnths after he returned frm his leg injury, disaster hit again. He hit the back f his head during training. The accident caused a brain injury which affected his balance s much that even the slightest mvement culd cause Behan t faint. Mearly tw years after nn-stp physical therapy, Kieran Behan did what he did best: he picked himself up again. He said he culd nt live withut gymnastics and never dubted he wuld be back.
Finally, in 2012, his determinatin began t pay ff. His excellent perfrmance at the Olympic test event qualified him fr the Games. “I felt like I was in a fairy tale,” he said f the Lndn Games. “All I culd think abut was: ‘Is this a dream? Tell me this is really happening.’” Even thugh be did nt enter any f the event finals, Behan never lst heart and persevered t make it fr the 2016 Olympic Games at Ri de Janeir.
Behan hpes his tale might inspire thers t vercme hardship, whether it is in sprts, at wrk r at hme.
Still, he struggled t explain why he has been s unbeatable. “I think it’s prbably just in my bld,” he said. “I was just brn t d this.”
41. What happened during Behan’s leg peratin?
________________________________________________________________
42. In what way did Behan’s brain injury influence him?
________________________________________________________________
43. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Because f Behan’s determinatin, he wn at the finals in the Lndn Games.
________________________________________________________________
44. D yu think Behan is a great athlete? Why r why nt? (In abut 40 wrds)
________________________________________________________________
【答案】41. A dctr’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left ft.
42. His brain injury affected his balance s much that even the slightest mvement culd cause him t faint.
43. Because f Behan’s determinatin, he wn at the finals in the Lndn Games.
He gt the chance t take part in the Lndn Games but he didn’t make it t the finals.
He was qualified fr the Lndn Games, but he didn’t make it t the finals.
44. I think he is a great athlete. Because n matter what difficulties he encuntered, he wuld pick himself up again. He ffught fr his dream f being an athlete. He has been s unbeatable.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Kieran Behan虽然遭遇了很多，但是无论遇到什么困难，他都勇敢克服，一直为自己成为一名运动员的梦想而战斗。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“But sn came the first f many blws: during a leg peratin, a dctr’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left ft.(但很快，他就遭受了诸多打击中的第一个打击：在一次腿部手术中，医生的失误造成了严重的神经损伤，导致贝汉的左脚感觉有限)”可知，在一次腿部手术中，医生的错误造成了严重的神经损伤，导致贝汉的左脚感觉有限。故填A dctr’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left ft.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段中“The accident caused a brain injury which affected his balance s much that even the slightest mvement culd cause Behan t faint.(这次事故造成了脑损伤，严重影响了他的平衡能力，即使是最轻微的动作也可能导致贝汉晕倒)”可知，他的脑部受伤严重影响了他的平衡，哪怕是最轻微的动作都会让他晕倒。故填His brain injury affected his balance s much that even the slightest mvement culd cause him t faint.
【43题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中“Finally, in 2012, his determinatin began t pay ff. His excellent perfrmance at the Olympic test event qualified him fr the Games. (终于，2012年，他的决心开始得到回报。他在奥运会测试赛中的出色表现使他获得了参加奥运会的资格)”和“Even thugh be did nt enter any f the event finals, Behan never lst heart and persevered t make it fr the 2016 Olympic Games at Ri de Janeir.(尽管没有进入任何项目的决赛，贝汉从未灰心，坚持参加2016年里约热内卢奥运会)”可知，由于他的决心，他获得了参加伦敦奥运会的机会，但没有进入决赛。所以句中“he wn at the finals in the Lndn Games”是错误的，是因为他获得了参加伦敦奥运会的机会/参赛资格，但是他没有进入决赛。故填Because f Behan’s determinatin, he wn at the finals in the Lndn Games. He gt the chance t take part in the Lndn Games but he didn’t make it t the finals./He was qualified fr the Lndn Games, but he didn’t make it t the finals.
【44题详解】
开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，Behan虽然遭遇了很多，但是无论遇到什么困难，他都勇敢克服，一直为自己成为一名运动员的梦想而战斗，他是如此不可战胜的。所以“我”认为他是一名伟大的运动员。故填I think he is a great athlete. Because n matter what difficulties he encuntered, he wuld pick himself up again. He ffught fr his dream f being an athlete. He has been s unbeatable.
第四部分 基础知识 （共二节，18分）
第一节 选词填空（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。
45. She made a(n) ________ fr her sn t see the dctr.
46. In the car crash, the tw passengers escaped severe ________.
47. I need t keep my translatin ________ t the riginal text.
48. We must prtect the ________ animals befre they becme extinct.
【答案】45. appintment
46. injury 47. faithful
48. endangered
【解析】
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：她为儿子预约看医生。根据“t see the dctr”以及句意“预约”可知应填名词appintment，不定冠词提示用单数。故填appintment。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：在车祸中，两名乘客没有受重伤。根据“In the car crash”以及句意“受伤”可知应填名词injury，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填injury。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我需要使我的译文忠实于原文。根据“t the riginal text”以及句意“忠实”可知应填形容词faithful，作宾补。故填faithful。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们必须在濒临灭绝的动物灭绝之前保护它们。根据“befre they becme extinct”以及句意“濒临灭绝的”可知应填形容词endangered，作定语修饰名词animals。故填endangered。
第二节 单词拼写（共20小题，每小题0. 5分，共10分）
汉译英
49. 生动的 adj. ________
50. 极其重要，必不可少的 adj. ________
51. 羞愧的；内疚的 adj. ________
52. 困惑的 adj. ________
53. 失望的，沮丧的 adj. ________
54. 幽默的；诙谐的 adj. ________
55. 痛苦的 adj. ________
56. 有利的，有帮助的 adj. ________
57. 检查 v. ________
58. 促进，增进 v. ________
【答案】49. vivid
50. crucial
51. guilty 52. cnfused
53. disappinted
54. humrus
55. painful
56. helpful
57. examine
58. prmte
【解析】
【49题详解】
形容词表示“生动的”为vivid，故填vivid。
【50题详解】
形容词表示“极其重要的，必不可少的”为crucial，故填crucial。
【51题详解】
形容词表示“羞愧的；内疚的”为guilty，故填guilty。
【52题详解】
形容词表示“困惑的”为cnfused，故填cnfused。
【53题详解】
形容词表示“失望的，沮丧的”为disappinted，故填disappinted。
【54题详解】
形容词表示“幽默的；诙谐的”为humrus，故填humrus。
【55题详解】
形容词表示“痛苦的”为painful，故填painful。
【56题详解】
形容词表示“有利的，有帮助的”为helpful，故填helpful。
【57题详解】
动词表示“检查”为examine，故填examine。
【58题详解】
动词表示“促进，增进”为prmte，故填prmte。
汉译英
59. 追求 v. ________
60. 奉献；捐献 v. ________
61. 表现 v. ________
62. 强烈要求；敦促 v. ________
63. 处理(难题)；应付(局面) v. ________
64. 心情，情绪 n. ________
65. 邀请 n. ________
66. 偶然地，意外地 adv. ________
67. 依赖；依靠（短语） ________
【答案】59. pursue
60 dedicate 61. behave 62. urge 63. tackle 64. md
65. invitatin
66. accidentally 67. rely n
【解析】
【59题详解】
“追求 v.”为pursue，故填pursue。
【60题详解】
“奉献；捐献 v.”为dedicate，故填dedicate。
【61题详解】
“表现 v.”为behave，故填behave。
【62题详解】
“强烈要求；敦促 v.”为urge，故填urge。
【63题详解】
“处理(难题)；应付(局面) v.”为tackle，故填tackle。
【64题详解】
“心情，情绪 n.”为md，故填md。
【65题详解】
“邀请 n.”为invitatin，故填invitatin。
【66题详解】
“偶然地，意外地 adv.”为accidentally， 故填accidentally。
【67题详解】
动词短语“依赖；依靠”为rely n， 故填rely n。endangered appintment faithful injury
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