2022-2023学年湖南省名校联盟高二（下）期末英语试卷（含详细答案解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省名校联盟高二（下）期末英语试卷（含详细答案解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Treating Rarer Cases in First Aid Situatins
Help smene wh is having a seizure
Seizures （疾病突发） can be scary things fr peple wh have never experienced them befre.Luckily，helping peple with seizures is relatively straightfrward.
Clear the surrundings t prtect the persn frm hurting themselves.
Activate （激活） emergency medical services if the seizure lasts mre than 5 minutes r if the persn is nt breathing afterward.
After this perid f time has ended，help them t the flr and put smething sft r flat under their head.Turn them nt their side t ease breathing，but d nt hld the persn dwn r try t stp their mvements.
Be friendly and reassure them as their cnsciusness （意识） returns and d nt ffer fd r water until they are fully alert.
Help smene survive a heart attack
It helps t knw the symptms f a heart attack，which can include rapid heartbeat，pressure r pain in the chest，a sre thrat，general unease，and sweating.Rush the persn t the hspital immediately while giving them an aspirin，which the persn shuld chew.
Identify smene having a strke
Again，knwing the symptms f a strke is imprtant.They include temprary inability t talk r understand what is being said，cnfusin，lss f balance r dizziness，inability t raise their arms and severe headaches with n warning，amng thers.Rush a persn that yu suspect has had a strke t the emergency rm immediately.
1.Which f the fllwing treatments is prper t save peple with seizures？ ______
A. Prtecting them against injuries frm thers.
B. Having them eat r drink nthing befre recvery.
C. Keeping their face dwn t make sure f their breath.
D. Cntacting dctrs the mment the cnditin happens.
2.What is a symptm f a heart attack？ ______
A. Lss f balance.B. Cnfusin.
C. Slw heartbeat.D. A sre thrat.
3.Where is the text mst likely taken frm？ ______
A. A magazine fr senirs.B. A website abut health.
C. A brchure fr visitrs.D. A guidebk abut animals.
B
A few weeks ag，smene psted a pht n my small twn's cmmunity webpage.It was f the cnstructin site f ur new child-care facility，lcated at the elementary schl.Crews had just finished fixing a very large，permanent sign.In all capital letters，it read：EARLY CHILDHOOD LEARNING CENTER.
My cheeks heated.Althugh I rarely pst，my fingers itched.I had t cmment."Lks great，" I wrte，"but it's spelled American!It shuld be 'centre'."
Abut 15 years ag in Calgary，my tw children started attending a brand-new elementary schl.The dr plate n the cunsellr's rm read， "cunselr".I frwned （皱眉） every time I passed by.At the same schl，my kindergarten-age daughter was sent hme with a list f wrds t learn，with at least ne wrd incrrect.I crrected the teacher.I didn't bther crrecting the"cunselr".But as a daily defender f Canadianisms，inaccuracies like these scream ut t me.Wrse，they feel like a punch t the gut— especially when they're huge and can be clearly read frm blcks away.We're practically American as it is.If we prudly annunce new "centers"，will ur uniqueness cntinue t fade？
Languages are living things，always changing with the times.That is why educatinal settings must be careful — including a child-care facility being built by the schl district itself.A habit set in childhd is a habit set fr life.My wn daughter，as she was abut t graduate frm high schl，wrte an essay using"practice"as a verb.I tried t persuade her t change it t "practise".She refused.She said that spelling it like that wuld be strange.
That's the pint.If becming Americanized makes us" nrmal"，I'm all fr being strange.S whever rdered the sign，please ask a wrker t remve the final"e"and "r"and flip them the ther way arund.The effrt wuld be slight but the impact wuld be grand.
4.Why did the authr pst cmments abut the schl sign？ ______
A. It was put in a wrng place.
B. The wrds culdn't be read clearly.
C. Americans were cnfused by the wrds.
D. It used the American spelling fr ne wrd.
5.What can we learn frm the third paragraph abut the authr？ ______
A. She liked English as an American Canadian.
B. She attached great imprtance t educatin.
C. She tried t keep Canadian English unique.
D. She hated crrecting American spellings f wrds.
6.What des the authr think educatinal settings shuld be careful abut？ ______
A. Teaching the different spellings f wrds.
B. Making changes with the times in teaching.
C. Develping students' habit f writing crrectly.
D. Requiring students t knw abut living languages.
7.What is the text mainly abut？ ______
A. A trend fr American English.
B. A defence f Canadian spelling.
C. A way t change Canadian English.
D. A struggle t use English crrectly.
C
Humanity's impact n the envirnment is ften framed in the cntext f the pst-industrial era but new research shws hw intensive land use by a medieval East African ppulatin changed their natural habitat frever.
Unguja Ukuu，a histric settlement lcated n Zanzibar Island，in Zanzibar，Tanzania，was a key prt f trade in the Indian Ocean by the first millennium （一千年） AD when the island was ppulated by farming scieties establishing trade links with the Indian Ocean，China and beynd.
"The islands f Zanzibar witnessed numerus envirnmental and cultural changes as the regin became a center f maritime trade，crss-cultural interactin，and glbal exchange，" says the study's lead authr Dr.Ania Ktarba-Mrley.
These changes resulted in the dumping f fd remains，general waste and increased agricultural activity and land use，all f which negatively impacted sediment（沉淀物） build-up alng the island. "Our study utlines clearly hw human disturbance in a natural envirnment impacted castal land frms and sediments n a remte East African island already ver 1，000 years ag and directly changed the frtunes f the castal inhabitants in the area as a result，" says Dr.Ania.
The researchers applied a variety f standards and new techniques t find new patterns which imprve ur understanding f the changes in the make-up f the sediment alng the castline f lcal creeks（小海湾） and the bay n the island，directly impacted by human activity.
T help understand hw and why these ancient prts thrived （繁荣） r declined ，it is imprtant t knw hw the castal landscape influenced the way traders undertk their cmmercial activities，r drve decisins，including mring （停泊） lcatins and investments f labur and capital by lcal cmmunities and any central authrities.
The researchers say these prcesses might be respnsible fr the decline.and eventual abandnment f Unguja Ukuu at the turn f the secnd millennium AD — a perid f reginal sci-plitical and ecnmic transfrmatin f castal African scieties that marked the appearance f maritime Swahili culture.
8.What can we infer abut Zanzibar Island in the first millennium AD？ ______
A. It had the biggest prt f trade.
B. It had develped agriculture.
C. It was the center f the wrld industry.
D. It had the settlements f first Africans.
9.What did Dr.Ania's research find ut？ ______
A. Agricultural activities prmted glbal exchange.
B. The building f Unguja Ukuu destryed the shreline.
C. The Indian Ocean was the birthplace f glbalizatin.
D. Ancient humans influenced African island envirnment.
10.What did the researchers fcus n in the study？ ______
A. The fish numbers.B. The bay n the island.
C. The changes f castal landscape.D. The make-up f the lcal creeks.
11.What happened at the turn f the secnd millennium AD？ ______
A. Unguja Ukuu was deserted.
B. The Swahili culture disappeared.
C. The crss-cultural interactin started.
D. The trade links were established in the wrld.
D
An antibacterial drug btained frm the liquid f an Australian tree has shwn prmise fr treating chrnic （慢性的） wunds in animal tests.
Chrnic wunds are cmmn in peple with diabetes（糖尿病），because pr circulatin and ther symptms slw dwn healing.Such wunds are painful and have a high risk f infectin.
Dctrs increasingly want t cntrl the use f antibitics（抗生素） in rder t minimize the develpment f antibitic-resistant bacteria.T lk fr alternatives，David Thmas at Cardiff University in the UK and his clleagues investigated chemicals btained frm the liquid f the blush wd tree，which grws in Australia.
They tested a gel cntaining a prmising chemical called EBC-1013 in tw animals：mice used t mdel diabetes，with chrnic wunds，and milk cws.All milk cws have their hrns taken ff，s the researchers applied the treatment t this wund.
In the cws treated with EBC-1013，75 percent f the wunds were recvered after 28 days，cmpared with just 25 percent f untreated wunds.In the mice，cmplete wund recvery was bserved in five f the seven animals studied，whereas nne f the seven wunds was recvered in the cntrl grup.
Bacteria in chrnic wunds are mre likely t frm a sticky material called a bifilm.They are resistant t antibitics，making such wunds difficult t treat.The new drug appears t disrupt the structure f bifilms and cause the prductin f cells and prteins that prmte recvery.
"The next challenge will be t shw that these preclinical findings translate int the clinic and that they can be develped int a safe and cst-effective treatment fr chrnic wunds，" says Matthew Hardman at the University f Hull，UK.
12.What's the purpse f the research n the tree liquid？ ______
A. T increase the use f antibitics.
B. T find replacements fr antibitics.
C. T reduce the grwth f the bacteria.
D. T strengthen the circulatin f patients.
13.What des the underlined wrd"disrupt"in the sixth paragraph mean？ ______
A. Treat.B. Destry.C. Imprve.D. Arrange.
14.What d we knw abut the findings？ ______
A. They cause safety cncern.
B. They enjy praise frm dctrs.
C. They remain t be further develped.
D. They have ffered affrdable treatment.
15.Which is the mst suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. Peple with diabetes are sure t recver
B. Tree liquid attracts researchers' attentin
C. Antibitics lead t antibitic-resistant bacteria
D. Drug frm the liquid culd treat chrnic wunds
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Here is a list f the best ways t learn a new language.
Plan yur jurney with realistic gals.When starting a jurney t learn a language，pacing yurself is imprtant. （1） ______ Instead，cnsider setting small and manageable gals that can be achieved mre easily.Start with identifying yur gal.
（ 2） ______ Yu dn't want t verwhelm （压垮） yurself with new infrmatin，and make unrealistic jumps frm learning the letters t sentences.Slwly build frm letters，t wrds，t sentences and take yur time in each step.Learn cmmnly used wrds first and thse relevant t yu，and then slwly build frm there.
Make it a daily habit.Smetimes 24 hurs can seem like nt enugh time in the day，but in rder t achieve yur new gal，yu need t make a cmmitment. （3） ______ It states that yu d ne small thing every day fr half an hur and yu will gradually imprve.S，even if yu're really busy，set at least half an hur t sit dwn and study.
Expse yurself t media.If yu're in the living rm watching TV，switch t a channel in the language yu want t learn.On the rad cmmuting （通勤）？Listen t pdcasts speaking that language r even a language learning pdcast. （4） ______ That's why it's a gd idea t fllw peple tweeting in that language.
Pick up new wrds in yur wn way.If there's a shw in the language yu're learning，watch it nce with subtitles then nce withut.This way yu can pick up new wrds.If there's a sng yu like，print ut the lyrics and translate it fr fun.D yu enjy cking？（ 5） ______
A.Start with the basics.
B.We are always n scial media.
C.Yu need cnfidence in speaking.
D.Try reading a recipe in that language.
E.Yu cannt expect t be fluent instantly.
F.We shuld quit ur interactin with thers.
G.There's a thery called "half hur thery".
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Masak Wakamiya，a native f Kanagawa，Japan，saw a need in her cmmunity.There were n gd mbile apps fr peple f her（1） ______ .S at 81，she （2） ______ and said firmly，"I'll d it myself!" Her stry（3） ______ us all that we're never，nt ever，t ld t try smething （4） ______ .
We ften think f prgramming as （5） ______ — at least I knw I d.But Masak had a different （6） ______ — she thught it culd be（7） ______ .Prgramming can take anywhere frm a few mnths t multiple years t （8） ______ ， depending n hw cmplicated yur end gals are，the type f wrk yu want t d and hw lng yu （9） ______ n it every week.
Masak never used a cmputer until she was 58 years ld.Having n（10） ______ with technlgy，she riginally asked sme yunger（11） ______ t make smething fr her.But when they said that they didn't knw what senirs （12） ______ in an app，she tk matters int her wn hands.That day，her app stry was （13） ______ .Masak made it her missin t help senir citizens get engaged with technlgy s they can stay（14） ______ and lead mre fulfilling lives，（ 15） ______ the separatin that ften cmes with aging.
21.A. ageB. genderC. characterD. status
22.A. brught abutB. came acrssC. gave upD. lked arund
23.A. warnsB. teachesC. guaranteesD. infrms
24.A. magicB. basicC. newD. available
25.A. cmplexB. specialC. accurateD. autmatic
26.A. jbB. lifeC. viewD. way
27.A. painB. funC. srrwD. tensin
28.A. arrangeB. cntrlC. analyzeD. learn
29.A. spendB. wasteC. needD. save
30.A. determinatinB. cmbinatinC. experienceD. patience
31.A. app develpersB. cmputer usersC. jb applicantsD. prduct sellers
32.A. discveredB. dwnladedC. stredD. wanted
33.A. caughtB. brnC. finishedD. paused
34.A. devtedB. delightedC. cnnectedD. satisfied
35.A. preventingB. causingC. sufferingD. leading
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Lai Xuanzhi graduated frm Wuhan Sprts University，majring in basketball.In 2010，the new graduate （1） ______ （ emply） as a PE teacher at a village schl.Back then，it was challenging fr him.Lacking facilities and funds，the schl wasn't set up （2） ______ （ hld） rdinary PE curses，such as basketball，sccer and track and field，s the （3） ______ （ ambitin） yung teacher had t shift his fcus t smething that was cheaper and easier t rganize.
He discvered rpe-jumping.With it，he led the students frm a village schl t participate in many highly cmpetitive internatinal cmpetitins.The very beginning was （4） ______ first Wrld Inter-Schl Rpe Cmpetitin，which tk place in Dubai in 2015.Lai's team skipped thrugh，winning 27 f the ttal f 28 gld （5） ______ （ medal）.Lai watched the teens standing n the pdium （领奖台） singing the natinal anthem with tears （6） ______ （ run） dwn their faces.It was at that mment（7） ______ Lai came t realize that fr students wh are educated in a village schl，rpe-jumping culd nt nly be part f physical educatin but als prvide access （8） ______ mre pprtunities.
Nw，Lai's jump-rpe team has ver 200 members. "Children are the future f the cuntry and the hpe f the natin，" Lai says."I hpe the effrt I （9） ______ （ put） int physical educatin can help them t gain a much （10） ______ （bright） future."
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，你想在班上举办一场有关人工智能的辩论（debate），请给你的外教Kevin写一封信，内容包括：
（1）告知辩论的主题和安排；
（2）询问外教的看法。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为 80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Kevin，

Yurs， Li Hua
38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was little，I left Germany with my family and mved t the Netherlands.Fr mnths，my main cmpany had been my mther r ther adults.I culd nly speak German and hardly spke a wrd f Dutch.I nly met ne girl wh als spke German in the neighbrhd grcery stre.
I was shy，s when I set ff fr my first day f a new schl，I was really terrified.I cried leaving ur apartment.I entered a classrm where there were abut 20 children wh lked extremely busy.Suddenly，I saw a girl with dark hair.I culdn't see her face，as her back was turned twards me.In that mment，she turned arund and lked at me.In a flash，we recgnized each ther.It was the girl frm the crner grcery stre!We instantly rushed int each ther's arms like lng-separated sisters，sentences in German flwing between us.I smiled and my anxiety disappeared immediately.
"My name is Annelies.Yu can call me Anne，" she said smilingly.As tw little girls wh didn't knw Dutch，we were excited t find each ther.
I was attracted by Anne immediately.Apart frm being utging and kind，Anne was cnfident enugh t get clse t thers thugh they spke Dutch.Sn I als began t play with ther children.
When we went hme after schl，Anne and I were glad t discver we were als next-dr neighbrs.Anne's apartment was a flr abve mine.After that，every day she came t knck at my dr and then we walked t schl tgether.
Sn we became inseparable friends and I knew mre abut her.She liked seeing films and her father even rented a film prjectr （放映机） n her birthday every year，which made her very happy.But she still felt she had difficulty integrating （融入） fully int the lives f lcal peple.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为 150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
With the desire t fit in，Anne and I began t learn new Dutch wrds and phrases.
Here came Anne's birthday again and in ur hands were many invitatins.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Help smene wh is having a seizure部分中的Be friendly and reassure them as their cnsciusness returns and d nt ffer fd r water until they are fully alert.（当他们意识恢复时，要友善并安抚他们，在他们完全警觉之前不要提供食物或水。）可知，在施救的过程中不能让病人进食和喝水。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Help smene survive a heart attack部分中的which can include rapid heartbeat，pressure r pain in the chest，a sre thrat，general unease，and sweating（可能包括心跳加快、胸部受压或疼痛、喉咙痛、全身不安和出汗）可知，心脏病的一个症状是喉咙痛。故选D。
（3）文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章介绍的是几种不同情况下的急救知识，所以该文章最可能来自于普及健康知识的网站。A.A magazine fr senirs一本老年人的杂志；B.A website abut health一个关于健康的网站；C.A brchure fr visitrs游客手册；D.A guidebk abut animals关于动物的指南。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了当遇到他人身体出现几种危险状况时，我们应该采取怎样的急救措施。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】D、C、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段I had t cmment."Lks great，" I wrte，"but it's spelled American!It shuld be 'centre'."（我不得不发表评论。"看起来很棒，"我写道，"但它的拼写是美国的！它应该是'centre'。"）可知，作者很少发帖子，但是这次因为学校的标志牌上有一个单词是美式拼写，所以要发表评论。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段If we prudly annunce new "centers"，will ur uniqueness cntinue t fade？
（如果我们自豪地宣布新的"centers"，我们的独特性会继续消退吗？）可知，作者不断地纠正一些美式拼写，目的是想保护加拿大语言的独特性。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Languages are living things，always changing with the times.A habit set in childhd is a habit set fr life.（语言是有生命的东西，总是随着时代而变化。童年养成的习惯就是终身养成的习惯。）可知，作者认为教育场所必须谨慎，要培养学生们适合的拼写方式，因为童年养成的习惯是一生的习惯。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者作为一个加拿大人，发现很多单词的拼写方式是美式拼写。作者努力地纠正这些美式拼写，是为了保护加拿大语言的独特性。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了保护加拿大英语拼写不被美式英语拼写同化而做的努力。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】B、D、C、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段by the first millennium when the island was ppulated by farming scieties establishing trade links with the Indian Ocean，China and beynd（到第一个千年，岛上居住着与印度洋、中国和其他地区建立贸易联系的农业社会）可知，该岛是一个与印度洋、中国及其他地区建立了贸易联系的农业社会，这说明在公元一千年这个岛上的农业比较发达。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Our study utlines clearly hw human disturbance in a natural envirnment impacted castal land frms and sediments n a remte East African island already ver 1，000 years ag and directly changed the frtunes f the castal inhabitants in the area as a result（我们的研究清楚地概述了1000多年前人类在自然环境中的干扰是如何影响东非偏远岛屿上的海岸地貌和沉积物的，并因此直接改变了该地区沿海居民的命运）可知，研究人员发现了一千多年前人类是如何影响东非一个偏远岛屿上的沿海地貌和沉积物形成的。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段ur understanding f the changes in the make-up f the sediment alng the castline f lcal creeks（小海湾） and the bay n the island（我们对当地小溪和岛上海湾海岸线沉积物组成变化的理解）以及第六段it is imprtant t knw hw the castal landscape influenced the way（了解海岸景观是如何影响这种方式的，这一点很重要）可知，研究人员在研究中注重沿海景观的变化。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段eventual abandnment f Unguja Ukuu at the turn f the secnd millennium AD（公元两千年之交最终放弃了乌库）可知，在公元第二个千年之交，Unguja Ukuu最终被抛弃。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发现人类对环境的影响不仅仅发生在后工业时代，早在中世纪，东非人集约式的耕作方式就已经使他们的自然栖息地发生了永久性的改变。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】B、B、C、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段T lk fr alternatives，David Thmas at Cardiff University in the UK and his clleagues investigated chemicals btained frm the liquid f the blush wd tree，which grws in Australia.（为了寻找替代品，英国卡迪夫大学的大卫•托马斯和他的同事调查了从生长在澳大利亚的红树液体中获得的化学物质。）可知，这项研究的目的是为了寻找抗生素的替代品。故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段Bacteria in chrnic wunds are mre likely t frm a sticky material called a bifilm.They are resistant t antibitics，making such wunds difficult t treat.The new drug appears t disrupt the structure f bifilms and cause the prductin f cells and prteins that prmte recvery.（慢性伤口中的细菌更有可能形成一种称为生物膜的粘性物质。它们对抗生素具有耐药性，使此类伤口难以治疗。这种新药似乎会破坏生物膜的结构，并导致产生促进康复的细胞和蛋白质。）可知，这种新药应该是破坏生物膜的结构。"disrupt"意为"破坏"。A.Treat治疗；B.Destry破坏；C.Imprve提高；D.Arrange安排。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Mathew Hardman说的话The next challenge will be t shw that these preclinical findings translate int the clinic and that they can be develped int a safe and cst-effective treatment fr chrnic wunds（下一个挑战将是证明这些临床前发现转化为临床，并证明它们可以发展成为一种安全且具有成本效益的慢性伤口治疗方法）可知，接下来将研究将这些发现运用于临床，并且研发一种安全且成本效益高的慢性伤口的治疗方法。故选C。
（4）标题判断题。根据第一段An antibacterial drug btained frm the liquid f an Australian tree has shwn prmise fr treating chrnic （慢性的） wunds in animal tests.（从澳大利亚一棵树的液体中提取的一种抗菌药物在动物试验中显示出治疗慢性伤口的前景。）可知，本文主要介绍了一种源自树汁的抗菌药物有望治疗慢性伤口，D项Drug frm the liquid culd treat chrnic wunds（液体中的药物可以治疗慢性伤口）最能概括文章大意。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。一种源自澳大利亚树汁的抗菌药物在动物试验中显示出有望治疗慢性伤口。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】E、A、G、B、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句When starting a jurney t learn a language，pacing yurself is imprtant（当开始学习一门语言的旅程时，调整自己的节奏很重要）；以及后句Instead，cnsider setting small and manageable gals that can be achieved mre easily（相反，考虑设定一些小的、可管理的、更容易实现的目标），可知表示"你不能指望一下子就能流利"的选项E可以承接前文调整自己的节奏的话题，和后句一起介绍应该设立可行性目标的建议，故选E。
（2）主题判断题。根据后文Yu dn't want t verwhelm （压垮） yurself with new infrmatin，and make unrealistic jumps frm learning the letters t sentences.Slwly build frm letters，t wrds，t sentences and take yur time in each step（你不想用新的信息压垮你自己，并从学习字母到句子进行不切实际的跳跃。慢慢地从字母、单词到句子，每一步都要慢慢来），可知表示"从基础开始"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，介绍学习要从基础开始，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据后句It states that yu d ne small thing every day fr half an hur and yu will gradually imprve（它指出，你每天做一件小事，持续半小时，你就会逐渐进步），可知表示"有一种理论叫做'半小时理论'"的选项G可以引出后句，后句具体介绍"半小时理论"，故选G。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句That's why it's a gd idea t fllw peple tweeting in that language（这就是为什么关注用这种语言发推的人是个好主意），可知表示"我们总是在社交媒体上浏览"的选项B可以和后句构成因果关系，因为我们总是在社交媒体上浏览，所以关注用这种语言发推的人是个好主意，故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据前句If there's a sng yu like，print ut the lyrics and translate it fr fun.D yu enjy cking（如果有你喜欢的歌，把歌词打印出来，翻译出来取乐。你喜欢烹饪吗），可知表示"试着用那种语言读一份食谱"的选项D可以承接前文烹饪的话题，介绍用那种语言读一份食谱可以帮助学习那种语言，故选D。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了学习一门新语言的一些方法。
这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。
21~35.【答案】A、D、B、C、A、C、B、D、A、C、A、D、B、C、A
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.age年龄；B.gender性别；C.character性格；D.status地位。句意：对于她这个年龄的人来说，没有好的移动应用程序。根据下文"But when they said that they didn't knw what senirs（12）in an app，she tk matters int her wn hands."可知，她的意思是没有适合她这个年龄的人所需要的应用程序。故选A。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.brught abut造成；B.came acrss偶遇；C.gave up放弃；D.lked arund四处看。句意：81岁时，她环顾四周，坚定地说："我自己来！"根据下文""I'll d it myself!""以及下文她自己开发软件可知，她是很坚定地说出这句话。故选D。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.warns警告；B.teaches教授；C.guarantees保证；D.infrms通知。句意：她的故事告诉我们，我们永远不会老到不能尝试新事物。根据空后"we're never t ld t try smething（4）."可知，这是她的故事给我们的启迪，所以是她的故事教给我们的。故选B。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.magic有魔力的；B.basic基本的；C.new新的；D.available可利用的。句意：她的故事告诉我们，我们永远不会老到不能尝试新事物。根据下文"Having n（10）with technlgy，she riginally asked sme yunger app（11）t make smething fr her."可知，她是勇于尝试新事物。故选C。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.cmplex复杂的；B.special特别额；C.accurate准确的；D.autmatic自动的。句意：我们经常认为编码是复杂的——至少我知道我是这样认为的。根据常理可知，编程是复杂的。故选A。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.jb工作；B.life生活；C.view观点；D.way方式。句意：但雅子有不同的看法——她认为这可能很有趣。根据下文"she thught it culd be （7）."可知，这是她的想法。故选C。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.pain痛苦；B.fun有趣的；C.srrw悲伤；D.tensin紧张。句意：但雅子有不同的看法——她认为这可能很有趣。根据句首的"but"可知，雅子有不同的看法。由此推断，她应该认为编程有意思。故选B。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.arrange安排；B.cntrl控制；C.analyze分析；D.learn学习。句意：编码可能需要几个月到几年的时间来学习，这取决于你的最终目标有多复杂，你想做的工作类型以及你每周花在这上面的时间。根据下文"she tk matters int her wn hands."可知，她决定自己动手开发程序，由此可知，这里指的是编程的学习。故选D。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.spend花费；B.waste浪费；C.need需要；D.save挽救。句意：编码可能需要几个月到几年的时间来学习，这取决于你的最终目标有多复杂，你想做的工作类型以及你每周花在这上面的时间。考查短语：spend…n sth.，意为"花费……做某事"。故选A。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.determinatin决心；B.cmbinatin结合；C.experience经历，经验；D.patience耐心。句意：由于没有技术经验，她最初让一些年轻的应用程序开发人员为她做一些东西。根据下文"she riginally asked sme yunger app（11）t make smething fr her."可知，雅子最初对此毫无经验，只能让程序开发员替自己做些东西。故选C。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.app develpers程序开发者；B.cmputer users电脑使用者；C.jb applicants工作申请者；D.prduct sellers产品销售者。句意：由于没有技术经验，她最初让一些年轻的应用程序开发人员为她做一些东西。根据空后的"t make smething fr her."可知，空处指的是程序开发人员。故选A。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.discvered发现；B.dwnladed下载；C.stred存储；D.wanted想要。句意：但当他们说不知道老年人想要什么样的应用程序时，她自己动手解决了这个问题。根据上文"Masak Wakamiya，a native f Kanagawa，Japan，saw a need in her cmmunity.There were n gd mbile apps fr peple f her（1）."可知，空处指的是老年人想要的应用程序。故选D。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.caught抓住；B.brn出生；C.finished完成；D.paused暂停。句意：那一天她的app故事诞生了。故选B。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.devted全心全意的；B.delighted高兴的；C.cnnected相关的，保持联系的；D.satisfied满足的。句意：雅子把帮助老年人接触科技作为自己的使命，这样他们就可以保持联系，过上更充实的生活，防止老年人经常感到孤独。根据常理可知，科技让我们连接在一起。故选C。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.preventing防止；B.causing导致；C.suffering遭罪；D.leading引导。句意：雅子把帮助老年人接触科技作为自己的使命，这样他们就可以保持联系，过上更充实的生活，防止老年人经常感到孤独。根据上文可知，科技让老年人保持联系，那么自然就会防止老年人感到孤独。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是日本一位81岁的老人觉得没有适合老年人的应用程序，于是自己开发了一个应用程序。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】was emplyed
【小题2】t hld
【小题3】ambitius
【小题4】the
【小题5】medals
【小题6】running
【小题7】that
【小题8】t
【小题9】have put
【小题10】brighter
【解析】（1）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：2010年，这位应届毕业生被一所乡村学校聘为体育老师。分析可知，所填词为句子谓语动词，结合时间状语in 2010可知，句子是在陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语the new graduate与动词emply之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语the new graduate为单数，be动词应用was。故填was emplyed。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：由于缺乏设施和资金，学校无法开设篮球、足球和田径等普通体育课程，因此这位雄心勃勃的年轻教师不得不将注意力转移到更便宜、更容易组织的课程上。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t hld。
（3）考查形容词。句意：由于缺乏设施和资金，学校无法开设篮球、足球和田径等普通体育课程，因此这位雄心勃勃的年轻教师不得不将注意力转移到更便宜、更容易组织的课程上。分析可知，此处应用形容词ambitius作定语，修饰后文名词teacher。故填ambitius。
（4）考查冠词。句意：最开始的是2015年在迪拜举行的第一届世界校际绳索比赛。根据句意可知，此处表示"第一次"，序数词first前应用定冠词the。故填the。
（5）考查可数名词复数。句意：赖的代表队顺利晋级，赢得了28枚金牌中的27枚。medal"奖牌"为可数名词，结合修饰词28可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填medals。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：赖看着十几岁的孩子们站在领奖台上泪流满面地唱国歌。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词作宾补，run与其逻辑主语tears之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作宾补。故填running。
（7）考查固定句型。句意：就在那一刻，赖意识到，对于在乡村学校接受教育的学生来说，跳绳不仅可以成为体育教育的一部分，还可以提供更多的机会。分析可知，句子使用了强调句型，即"it is/was+被强调部分+that/wh+其他部分"，被强调部分如果是人，that和wh都可用，被强调部分如果是物，则用that，此处强调时间状语at that mment，应用that。故填that。
（8）考查介词。句意：就在那一刻，赖意识到，对于在乡村学校接受教育的学生来说，跳绳不仅可以成为体育教育的一部分，还可以提供更多的机会。根据句意表示"使用……的机会（权利）"，应用access t。故填t。
（9）考查时态及主谓一致。句意："我希望我在体育教育上所付出的努力能帮助他们获得一个更加光明的未来。"分析可知，所填词为定语从句的谓语动词，结合语境可知，此处应用现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，主语为I，助动词应用have。故填have put。
（10）考查形容词比较级。句意："我希望我在体育教育上所付出的努力能帮助他们获得一个更加光明的未来。"根据句意及much可知，此处应用形容词bright的比较级brighter表示"更加光明的"。故填brighter。
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一位小学体育老师通过跳绳运动带领乡村学校的孩子走上国际竞技舞台的故事。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Kevin，
Having learned yu take an intense interest in artificial intelligence，I sincerely invite yu t attend the debate cmpetitin with the theme f "Can intelligent machines replace human labr？".【高分句型一】（发出邀请，明确主题）The AI debate cmpetitin aims t make students aware f the impact f the develpment f science and technlgy n human life.
The cmpetitin will kick ff at 8 Octber 10 ，lasting fr three hurs in ur schl's activity hall.【高分句型二】（具体安排）Our headteacher will firstly deliver a brief speech t celebrate the technlgical innvatin that ur students have made in artificial intelligence in the past year，and cngratulate Ding Xiang，a student frm ur class wh invented "artificial intelligence eraser"，winning the first prize in the campus Science and Technlgy Culture festival.【高分句型三】
It wn't be better if yu can express yur understanding and pinins n this tpic after the cmpetitin.【高分句型四】（询问外教看法）
I'm sure yu will be deeply impressed by this cmpetitin.Lking frward t yur early reply and visit.
Yurs， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Having learned yu take an intense interest in artificial intelligence，I sincerely invite yu t attend the debate cmpetitin with the theme f "Can intelligent machines replace human labr？".
翻译：得知您对人工智能有浓厚的兴趣，我诚挚地邀请您参加以"智能机器能否取代人类劳动"为主题的辩论赛。
分析：复合介词with the theme f …的使用，意思是"为……主题"
高分句型二：The cmpetitin will kick ff at 8 Octber 10 ，lasting fr three hurs in ur schl's activity hall.
翻译：比赛将于10月10日上午8点在我校活动厅开始，持续3个小时。
分析：kick ff 意思是"开始，发起"，用于表示某个活动、项目或事件的开始。lasting fr three hurs in ur schl's activity hall是现在分词作状语，表补充说明。
高分句型三：Our headteacher will firstly deliver a brief speech t celebrate the technlgical innvatin that ur students have made in artificial intelligence in the past year，and cngratulate Ding Xiang，a student frm ur class wh invented "artificial intelligence eraser"，winning the first prize in the campus Science and Technlgy Culture festival.
翻译：首先，我们的班主任将做一个简短的演讲，庆祝我们的学生在过去的一年里在人工智能方面所取得的技术创新，并祝贺我们班的学生丁祥，他发明了"人工智能橡皮擦"，在校园科技文化节中获得了一等奖。
分析：that ur students have made in artificial intelligence in the past year以及wh invented "artificial intelligence eraser"，winning the first prize in the campus Science and Technlgy Culture festival.定语从句的使用得当。
高分句型四：It wn't be better if yu can express yur understanding and pinins n this tpic after the cmpetitin.
翻译：如果你能在比赛结束后表达你对这个话题的理解和看法，那就更好了。
分析：It wn't be better if …是委婉语气表达。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】With the desire t fit in，Anne and I began t learn new Dutch wrds and phrases.We helped and urged each ther and with the help f ur patient teachers，very quickly we culd speak Dutch fluently.Over time，we felt like Dutch girls and became friends with ther children.Anne was particularly liked by thers.One mrning n ur way t schl，Anne pressed int my hands an envelpe with my name n it.【高分句型一】"What's this？"I asked curiusly.She smiled and asked me t pen it.It was an invitatin t her birthday party n Sunday.（作者和Anne学习荷兰语，融入当地人的生活，她们也交了很多荷兰的朋友，一天Anne邀请作者去参加她的生日聚会）
Here came Anne's birthday again and in ur hands were many invitatins."Father's renting a film prjectr again n my birthday.I wuld invite ur class t my birthday party."Anne said excitedly.On Anne's birthday，I arrived and saw that the living rm had been changed int a cinema，a prjectr standing in a back crner and the rws f chairs lined up. 【高分句型二】When ther children arrived，they gt excited t see all this.It was such fun watching a film tgether and chatting and jking arund with ne anther.It was really an unfrgettable experience.（作者去参加Anne的生日聚会，Anne的爸爸又租了放映机，她们玩得很愉快）
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人搬到荷兰，但是作者只会说德语，不会荷兰语，作者感到孤独害怕，在新学校作者遇到同样只会说德语的女孩Anne，她们成为好朋友。Anne喜欢看电影，她爸爸在她生日的时候会给她租放映机放电影。
高分句型一：One mrning n ur way t schl，Anne pressed int my hands an envelpe with my name n it.
译文：一天早上，在我们上学的路上，安妮把一个写着我名字的信封塞到我手里。
分析：这句话使用了with复合结构。
高分句型二：On Anne's birthday，I arrived and saw that the living rm had been changed int a cinema，a prjectr standing in a back crner and the rws f chairs lined up.
译文：安妮生日那天，我来到客厅，看到客厅被改成了电影院，一台投影仪放在后角，一排排椅子排成一排。
分析：这句话使用了两个独立主格结构a prjectr standing in a back crner and the rws f chairs lined up。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。