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人教新目标 (Go for it) 版九年级全册Section B优秀同步练习题
展开【学习目标】
1.能够通过听说学习与食物有关的词汇。
2.通过阅读理解如何用一般过去时的被动语态描述发明史。
3. 用一般过去时的被动语态谈论物品是何时被发明的。
4. 用一般过去时的被动语态对更广泛的发明进行描述。
【重点和难点】
学习重点:
重点单词及短语:sur,by mistake
学习难点:
用一般过去时的被动语态对更广泛的发明进行描述。
【预习导学】
一、 请根据中文意思写出下列重点单词。
1. 脆的;酥脆的 adj.______
2.咸的 adj. ______
3.酸的;有酸味的 adj. ______
4.顾客;客户 n._______
二、请认真阅读课本,找出下列重点短语。
5. 无意中;错误地 ____________
6.足够薄 _________
7.in the bx ________
8.by mistake ________
9.thin enugh ________
10.salty enugh ________
11.make sb. + adj. ________
12.in the end ________
13.a ck called… ________
14.ck fr a lng time ________
15.put …n _________
16.ptat chips _________
【探究提升】
【词汇详解】
1.by mistake 意为“错误地”
They sent the letter t me by mistake.
拓展:mistake 作名词 “错误,误会”。也可以作动词 “弄错,犯错”。
常用短语有:make a mistake 出错
Yu have made a mistake here.
mistake…fr… 错把……当作……
They mistk him fr his brther.
2. salty咸的
salty 形容词,意思为“咸的;含盐的”,是由名词“盐,食盐”加-y构成的形容词。
原文:The custmer said that they were nt salty enugh.顾客说它们不够咸。
salty enugh在此意为“足够咸的”。enugh adj.“足够的”,修饰可数名词或不可数名词,可以放在名词前面,也可以放在名词后面;adv.“足够地”,修饰形容词、副词、动词,并放在其后。
He ran fast enugh t catch the thief.他跑得飞快,足以抓住那小偷。
The by didn’t have much fr dinner because the dishes were t salty.
这个男孩晚餐吃得不多,因为菜太咸了。
3.in the end“最后”
原文:The custmer was happy in the end.最后顾客很高兴。
in the end意为“最后”,相当于at last/finally,易混词组at the end f意为“在……的末尾”。
If yu wrk hard, yu’ll succeed in the end。 你如果努力工作,最终会取得成功的。
【拓展】
“名词+-y”构成形容词:在英语中,很多名词后加-y可以构成形容词,如:
clud—cludy wind—windy rain—rainy sleep—sleepy sun—sunny
【句型详解】
1.Ptat chips were invented by mistake. 炸薯条是无意中被发明的。
小小翻译官:
她误把盐放进了她的茶里。She put salt int her tea __ __.
2.The custmer was happy in the end. 最后顾客很高兴。
小小翻译官:
最终我们到达了山顶。
We reached the muntain tp _______ ________ ________.
在路的尽头向右转。
Turn right ________ ________ ________ ________ the rad.
本周结束前这项工程将会完成。
The prject will be finished _______ _______ _______ _________ this week.
【体系构建】
1.We have learnt the fllwing wrds and sentences:
Wrds: crispy, salty, sur, by mistake, custmer, the Olympics, Canadians, divide,
divide…int…, basket, ppularity, lk up t, her, prfessinal, Berlin
Sentences: ①Basketball is a much-lved and active sprt that is enjyed by many fr fun and exercise.
②It is believed that the first basketball game in histry was played n December 21, 1891.
2. We’ve learnt t talk abut the taste f the fd!
3. We’ve listened fr specific infrmatin
【强化训练】
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1.Zhang Guimei is a great teacher in my heart and I her very much. (钦佩;仰慕)
2.Althugh Jenny is nly 12 years ld,she’s (几乎) as tall as her father.
3.They are (加拿大的) sldiers.
4.Dn’t wrry. I have made much (进步) in learning English.
5.These green grapes must be very s .
二、单项选择
6.The apple pie tastes ________. There’s sugar in it.
A.surB.htC.sweetD.strng
7.The students all ________ Mr. Wang and hpe they can be like him ne day.
A.lk upB.lk up tC.lk utD.lk ut fr
8.Cathy ften ges abrad t attend sme ________ Film Festivals.
A.educatinalB.prfessinalC.internatinalD.traditinal
9.If peple help animals sincerely (真诚地), animals will help us ________.
A.n shwB.in returnC.by mistake
10.—Wh is the ________ f the huse?
—Mr. Smith. He bught it last year.
A.custmerB.guestC.wnerD.visitr
三、完形填空
根据短文内容,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个填入相应空格内的最佳答案,并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
My father died when I was nine, and I remember ding chres t help my mther. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up the things the machine 11 t take in.
Twenty years later, I was ding chres at hme with my wife and I had t empty the bag because I culd nt find a new ne. I had always hated the way the machine wrked and I decided t make a vacuum cleaner withut 12 .
Easier said than dne, f curse. I didn’t 13 that I wuld spend the next five years perfecting my design, a prcess that resulted in 5, 127 different prttypes (设计原型). By the time I made my 15th prttype, my third child was brn. By 2, 627, my wife and I were really shrt f mney. By 3, 727, my wife was giving art lessns fr sme mney. These were hard times, but each failure brught me clser t 14 the prblem.
Hwever, at first I 15 thught f ging int a business with it. In the early 1980s, I started trying t get a license fr my technlgy. The reality was very different, thugh. The big vacuum makers made mst f the mney frm bags. N ne wuld license my idea, nt because it was a 16 ne, but because it was bad fr business.
The unfairness gave me the 17 t keep ging, but sn after, the cmpanies that I had talked with started making machines 18 mine. I had t fight t prtect the patents (专利) n my inventin. My inventin didn’t g int prductin 19 a bank lent me 1 millin punds in 1993. Within tw years, my inventin—the Dysn vacuum cleaner—became a success in Britain.
Tday, I still welcme risk and failure as part f the prcess. 20 beats the excitement f inventin. G ut and brainstrm yur ideas. Rules can’t get in the way f yu. In fact, the stranger and riskier yur idea is, the better.
11.A.missedB.failedC.managedD.stpped
12.A.niseB.pllutinC.electricityD.bags
13.A.recallB.regretC.realizeD.dubt
14.A.wrking nB.wrking utC.hlding nD.hlding ut
15.A.alwaysB.everC.neverD.smetimes
16.A.valuableB.believableC.reusableD.meaningless
17.A.curageB.skillsC.giftD.example
18.A.frB.asC.likeD.against
19.A.sinceB.unlessC.whenD.until
20.A.NthingB.AnythingC.EverythingD.Smething
四、阅读理解
A
In ur daily life, rbts are ften fund t d wrk that is t dangerus, bring, difficult, r dirty. And we ften see kids play with ty rbts.
But what exactly is a rbt? There are sme imprtant characteristics(特征)that a rbt must have. These characteristics might help yu t decide what is and what is nt a rbt. They will als help yu t decide what yu will need t build int a machine befre it can be cnsidered as a rbt. A rbt has these imprtant characteristics:
Sensing First f all, yur rbt wuld have t be able t sense the envirnment arund it. It shuld have the fllwing sensrs(传感器): light sensrs (eyes), tuch sensrs (hands), chemical sensrs (nse), hearing sensrs (ears) and taste sensrs (tngue).
Mvement A rbt needs t be able t mve arund its envirnment. It can mve n wheels, walk n legs r be driven by small engines. A rbt can mve either the whle bdy r just parts f it.
Energy A rbt needs t be able t pwer itself. Sme rbts might pwer itself with sunlight, sme might with electricity, while thers with the battery(电池). The way yur rbt gets its energy will depend n what yur rbt needs t d.
Intelligence A rbt needs sme kind f “smarts”. A prgrammar is the persn wh gives the rbt its “smarts”. The rbt will have t have a certain way t receive the prgram s that it knws what t d.
21.Accrding t paragraph 1, what can rbts d fr peple?
A.Rbts can teach children.
B.Rbts can learn by themselves.
C.Rbts can jin in cmpetitins.
D.Rbts can d sme unpleasant wrk.
22.What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A.The ty.B.The characteristic.C.The machine.D.The engine.
23.What can the chemical sensrs help a rbt t d?
A.They can help rbts t see.
B.They can help rbts t hear.
C.They can help rbts t smell.
D.They can help rbts t catch things.
24.In hw many ways can a rbt pwer itself accrding t the passage?
A.Tw.B.Three.C.Fur.D.Five.
25.What is the writer’s main purpse f writing the passage?
A.T intrduce the histry f rbts.
B.T describe the mvement f a rbt.
C.T tell what a rbt can d in ur life.
D.T help peple understand what a rbt is.
B
Artificial intelligence (AI)(人工智能) is the ability f a cmputer prgram r a machine t think and learn. It is als a field f study that tries t make a cmputer “smart”. Jhn McCarthy, a scientist, came up with the name “artificial intelligence” in 1955. Many things such as learning and prblem slving can be dne by cmputers, thugh nt in the same way as we d.
An unusual gal f AI research is t create cmputer-prgrams that can learn, slve prblems, and think lgically(逻辑地). At present we use the term AI fr successfully understanding human speech, recgnizing(识别)human faces, perating self-driving cars and cmpeting in sme game systems like Chess and AlphaG(阿尔法围祺). Sme peple als cnsider AI a danger t humans if it develps t quickly. Prfessr Stephen Hawking(霍金), a well-knwn British scientist, was nt fr this kind f technlgy.
Math is the basic language f AI. If we raise the standard in the learning f math, ur students will be mre likely t becme successful AI designers in the future. We nt nly want bright students, but als need t attract average students and give them the math skills which are needed t change them int AI designers. Besides, a gd knwledge f cmputer science is als necessary fr AI designing.
Scientists hpe t create creative and emtinal AI which can pssibly understand human feelings r create art. Many ways and tls have been tried t discver this fascinating field.
26.Which is nt an unusual gal f AI research accrding t the passage?
A.Recgnizing human faces.B.Thinking lgically.
C.Slving prblems by itself.D.Learning by itself.
27.Frm Paragraph 1, we knw that ________.
A.all prblems can be slved by AIB.machines with AI can think and learn.
C.AI has been arund fr nly 50 yearsD.AI wrks in the same way as humans
28.The underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 refers t(指的是)________.
A.ChessB.AlphaGC.the dangerD.AI
29.What is the basic language f AI?
A.Math.B.Art.C.Cmputer science.D.Bth A and C.
30.Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientists’ ________ abut AI.
A.wishesB.wrriesC.feelingsD.discveries
六、语法填空
阅读下面短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空(必要时可加情态动词或助动词)。
Nwadays, bikes are very ppular in twns, cities as well as villages. But d yu knw the histry f the bike? In fact, the bicycle 31 (have) a lng and interesting histry. The first bicycle 32 (invent) mre than tw hundred years ag. Early bicycles, hwever, 33 (nt lk) like tday’s bikes.
One f the first bicycles was called the hbby hrse. It was made f wd! Peple rde by 34 (push) their feet alng n the grund.
Later, a bicycle that had pedals (踏板) and metal tires (轮胎) was invented. It was nt cmfrtable. It was called the bneshaker. Inventrs kept wrking 35 (make) bicycles mre cmfrtable.
Then, the high wheeler was develped. It had a very big wheel in the frnt. This bicycle was nt easy 36 (ride) because the rider sat high up n it. The rider 37 (be) badly hurt.
Then bicycles began t have tw wheels that were in the same size. Mre than ne hundred years ag, bicycles began t have rubber tires that was filled with air. That was a slutin fr the prblem f a bumpy(不平的) ride. The new tires made riding 38 (becme) smther than befre.
Tday, riding bikes 39 (get) ppular t get exercise, mre and mre peple enjy it. Science and technlgy is develping quickly these days and nbdy knws what bikes 40 (be) like in the future.
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