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备考2024届高考英语一轮复习讲义第一部分过透教材Unit3SportsandFitness新人教版必修第一册
展开1.Hsting the Olympics is a great hnur fr a cuntry and its peple. Each Olympics witnessed cuntless legends frm different events. Lang Ping’s determinatin never fellapart even if the team captain had t leave because f heart prblems and ne f the best players gt injured. Jrdan’s graceful mves and the mental strength that he shwed made him unique. They bth cmpeted against/with the ther cmpetitrs fr medals,champinships and hnur. Millins f peple are their fans and the audience is crazy abut them. They setanexample t us and have brught glry t their cuntries by paying cuntless sweat, learning frm failures and never givingup.
2.We needn’t cmpare urselves with prfessinal athletes r pretend t be sprts lvers. That desn’t makesense. But we shuld live a healthy life, which really makesadifference. Sme peple seem t fcus n their weight ratherthanfitness nwadays. Expecting t becme slim just by cuttingut the fd yu eat is unhealthy and may bring yu mental stress. The right way is t wrkut regularly and have a balanced diet. Cmealng and yu can makeit!
1 hnurn.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸 vt.尊敬;给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)
1.When Tu Yuyu was hnured with the Nbel Prize, she said, "This is nt nly an hnur fr myself, but als recgnitin and encuragement fr all scientists in China."
2.It is a great hnur fr me t be invited (invite) t address this internatinal AI cnference.
3.The gvernment set up a schl in hnur f (为了纪念)heres wh fught fr the hnur f ur cuntry.
4.我很荣幸能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲。(演讲稿)
→① It’s an hnur fr me t have a precius chance t deliver a speech here.(it作形式主语)
→② I feel it an hnur t have a precius chance t deliver a speech here.(it作形式宾语)
→③ I feel/am hnured t have a precius chance t deliver a speech here.(hnur v.)
5.我是否有幸邀请您来参加以"运动与健康"为主题的讲座?(邀请信)
May I have the hnur f inviting yu t attend the lecture n the theme f Sprts and Fitness? (have the hnur f...)
2 determinatinn.决心,决定(decisin)
1.[外研选必④-4]T succeed in business, yu need mre than a gd idea, hard wrk and determinatin (determine).
2.[人教必修③-4]Hwever, sme scientists were determined t help (help) humans realise their dream t explre space.
3. Determined (determine) t be strnger, I tk part in many physical activities.
4.这次比赛教会了我要勇于接受挑战,坚定地面对困难。(读后续写之主旨升华)
This cmpetitin taught me t be brave enugh t accept challenges and face difficulties with determinatin .
3 strengthn.力量,体力(pwer);毅力,坚强决心;实力;深度;长处
4.Music can strengthen (strength)the heart and shrten the recvery time f patients wh are suffering frm heart disease.
点拨
动词后缀-en表示"使成为,变得"。如:strength(n. 力量,体力)+-en→strengthen(v. 增强),shrt(adj. 短的)+-en→shrten(v. 变短)。
5.练中国功夫不但能增强体力,还能培养一个人的性格。(中国文化)
Practising Chinese kung fu nt nly builds up ne’s strength , but als develps ne’s character.
6.首先,你得清楚地了解自己在运动方面的强项和弱项,从而选择最适合自己的体育运动。(建议信)
First f all, yu are suppsed t be clear abut yur strengths and weaknesses in sprts , and chse the sprt mst suitable fr yu.
4 cmpetevi.竞争,对抗
1.The yung cmpetitr (cmpete) came t Beijing t cmpete fr the hnur f his cuntry. In the fierce cmpetitin (cmpete), he earned a chance t cmpete in the final(决赛).
2.Nwadays, graduates have t be equipped with many abilities t fight fr gd jbs in the highly cmpetitive (cmpete) market.
3.人生就像长跑比赛,在这场比赛中,我们常常在与他人竞争的过程中超越自我。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Life is like a lng race where we ften cmpete with/against thers t g beynd urselves.
5 pretendvi.&vt.假装;装扮
1.Jack pretended t be ding (d) his hmewrk when his mm came back hme frm wrk.Indeed,he was watching ftball games n TV the whle afternn.
2.她假装不兴奋,可脸上的表情却将她的心绪暴露无遗。(读后续写之神态描写)
→① She pretended that she wasn’t excited , but the expressin n her face was a dead giveaway.(从句)
→② She pretended nt t be excited , but the expressin n her face was a dead giveaway.(不定式)
点拨
pretend后接宾语从句与后接不定式可以互相转换,但有一个前提:宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同(本题中,主语均是she)。
6 stressn.压力;紧张;重音 vt.强调;重读;使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安
1.Life is stressful fr mst peple, but if we get enugh sleep and eat prperly, and if we exercise and set aside sme time fr fun, we’ll prbably feel less stressed .(stress)
2.你最好早点儿到,因为中国人很重视守时。(建议信)
→①Yu’d better arrive a little earlier as Chinese peple stress the great imprtance f punctuality. (stress v.)
→②Yu’d better arrive a little earlier as Chinese peple lay/put/place great stress n punctuality. (stress n.)
7 giveup放弃;投降
1.Althugh their strength was giving ut , n participants gave up halfway.
2.Never give in t the temprary difficulty. Sunshine always cmes after the strm.(读后续写之主旨升华)
3.Saying t much can give away the secret (泄露秘密) yu try t hide.
4.Our sciety encurages teenagers t give up the seat t the elderly (给老人让座) n the bus.
点拨
give up sth.还可表示"让出某物"。
5.Bicycles are envirnmentally friendly, since they wn’t give ff waste gas (释放废气).
6.尽管失败了很多次,他们没有放弃,最终做出了美味的爆米花。(读后续写之动作描写)
Having failed many times, they didn’t give up and finally delicius ppcrn was made.
8 makesense有道理,讲得通;是明智的,合乎情理;表述清楚,易于理解
1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义
①Nbdy can predict the future. S it makes gd sense t save mney fr a rainy day. 非常明智
②[北师选必②-4]S nw that we have established hw imprtant humur is t British peple, what exactly makes them laugh? And des British humur make sense t ther cultures? 易于理解
③In English,sme sentences cntain a clause with essential infrmatin.If yu take away the clause, the sentence wn’t make sense. 讲得通
2.Yu can ask the teacher t speak slwly s that yu can make sense f what he says (你就可以理解他讲的内容).(建议信)
3. There’s n sense in cmparing yu with thers (把你和别人比较是没有意义的)all the time. Everyne is unique.(劝慰信)
4.有时候一个小小的善举也很有意义,它使得这个世界更加友好。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Smetimes, a small act f kindness makes much sense, making the wrld friendlier .(现在分词作状语)
点拨
本单元中关于make的短语还有make predictins(作出预测)、make a difference(有作用或影响)、make a cnversatin(编对话)等。其他常用的短语还有make an excuse(找借口)、make a mistake(犯错误)、make an effrt(付出努力)、make the bed(铺床)、make a nise(发出响声)、make the mst f(充分利用)等。
9 makeadifference有作用,有关系,有影响
1.Thugh we cmpletely differ frm each ther in character, we are still great friends.
2.The twins are s alike; it’s difficult t tell the difference between them (区分他们).
3.毕竟,是我们共同的努力才能影响环境。所以,我们立即行动起来吧。(倡议)
After all, it is ur jint effrts that can make a difference t the envirnmental prtectin . S let’s take actin right nw. (强调句型)
10 seem+不定式
1.[译林必修①-2]Des every dinner with yur parents seem t turn (turn) int a battle? Have yur nce warm and pen cnversatins becme cld and guarded?
2.[外研必修③-4]One mment she seems t be laughing (laugh) at me, but then again I catch a sense f sadness in her smile.(读后续写之情感描写)
点拨
句意:有一刻她似乎在嘲笑我,但后来我又从她的笑容中感受到了悲伤。此处表示当时正在做的事情,因此seems后用t be laughing。
3.一开始,坚持锻炼似乎很难,我甚至没有尝试就想放弃。(求助信)
→①At the beginning, keeping exercising seemed t be difficult s I wanted t give up even withut having a try.(seem t d)
→②At the beginning, it seemed that keeping exercising was difficult s I wanted t give up even withut having a try.(it seems that...)
→③At the beginning, it seemed difficult t keep exercising s I wanted t give up even withut having a try.(it seems+adj.+t d sth.)
形容词后缀-ful/-less
-ful与-less是一对意思相反的形容词后缀,-ful表示"充满……的,有……性质(或倾向)的" ,-less表示"没有,无"。
1.[人教必修②-5]When yu want t explain smething difficult t smebdy, it is helpful (help)t use easier wrds with the same meaning.
2.She sits at hme all day, watching TV and feeling useless (use), but she decides t make sme changes.
3.[外研必修③-5]Althugh the 300 kg adult males can lk a bit scary — dn’t wrry, they’re harmless (harm)!
4.[外研选必④-1]It is wnderful (wnder) t meet such friendly lcal peple wh are happy t share their lives with us.
5.[2019江苏]We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems bvius that these have made humankind the mst pwerful (pwer) animal n earth.★It’s an hnur fr sb. t d sth.
=Sb. feels it an hnur t d sth.
=Sb. is/feels hnured t d sth.
某人为做某事感到荣幸。
have the hnur f sth./ding sth.有幸做某事
in hnur f 向……表示敬意;为纪念……
★hnur sb. with sth.(fr sth.)(因某事)给某人……奖励、头衔、称号
★with determinatin 坚决地
the determinatin t d sth.做某事的决心
★determine t d sth.决心做某事(表示动作)
★determined adj. 坚决的,坚定的
be determined t d sth. 决心做某事(表示状态)
★build up ne’s strength 增强体力
with all ne’s strength 用尽全力
strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势
★strengthen vt.&vi. 加强,巩固
★cmpete with/against 和……竞争
cmpete fr 为……竞争
cmpete in 参加……比赛
★cmpetitin n. 竞争
cmpetitr n. 竞争者,对手;参赛者
cmpetitive adj. 有竞争力的;竞争的
★pretend t be+n./adj. 假装是……
pretend t d/t be ding/t have dne sth.假装做某事/正在做某事/做过某事
pretend+that 从句假装……
★under stress在压力之下
reduce/relieve ne’s stress减轻某人的压力
put/lay/place stress n...强调,重视……
★stress the imprtance f... 强调……的重要性
stress ut/stress sb. ut (使)某人焦虑不安
★stressed (ut)adj. 焦虑不安的
stressful adj.(状况、经历)压力大的,紧张的
★give up sth. t sb.把……交给/让与某人
give up n sb.对某人不再抱希望(或不再相信)
★give away 赠送,捐赠;泄露,暴露
give in (t...)(向……)屈服,(向……)让步;呈上,交上
give ff 发出,放出(光、热、气味等)
give ut 分发,散发;用完,耗尽
give way t退步;让步
give sb. a hand 帮某人个忙
★make sense f 理解,弄懂(复杂或不寻常的事物)
★It makes (n) sense (fr sb.) t d sth.(某人)做某事是(不)明智的。
There’s n sense in ding sth.做某事没道理/意义。
★make a difference t... 对……有作用/有影响
make a big/sme/n/little difference (t...)有很大/一些/没有/极小作用或影响
tell the difference ()辨别/区分(……与……的)不同
★differ frm... in...与……在……方面不同
be different 与……在……方面不同
★seem t d sth. 好像/似乎要做某事
seem t be ding sth.好像/似乎正在做某事
seem t have dne sth.好像/似乎已经做了某事
★其他含seem的句型:
It seems (t sb.) that...(在某人看来)似乎……
It seems+adj./n.+t d sth.做某事看起来……
It seems as if/as thugh...看起来好像……
There seems t be...似乎有……;好像有……
-ful形容词
-less形容词
本单元
graceful 优美的,优雅的
graceless 粗鲁的,不优美的
拓展
stressful 压力重的,紧张的
stressless 没有压力的
painful 令人痛苦的
painless 无痛的
本单元
graceful 优美的,优雅的
graceless 粗鲁的,不优美的
拓展
pwerful 强有力的,有影响力的
pwerless 无影响力的,无权的
hpeful 满怀希望的
hpeless 无望的
meaningful 重要的;有意义的
meaningless 不重要的;无意义的
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