四川省宜宾市第四中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份四川省宜宾市第四中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（Word版附解析），共24页。

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第I卷(选择题 95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why des the wman want t brrw a car?
A. T see a film.
B. T meet her parents.
C. T g t a party.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Can I use yur car? I’m ging t pick up my parents at the train statin.
M: All right. Here is the key.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In the ffice.
B. In the supermarket.
C. On the phne.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】W: Can I speak t Mr. Black, please?
M: I’m srry, but he is ut nw.
W: Wuld yu please tell Mr. Black t call back Miss Lee?
M: Sure. I will.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw much did the man pay fr the dictinary?
A. $20.B. $30.C. $40.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hw much is the dictinary?
M: The dictinary is $40.
W: Culd I take the dictinary fr $20?
M: Srry, Miss. That’s even $10 cheaper than I paid fr it.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the man prbably d?
A. He’s a bxing cach.B. He’s an athlete.C. He’s a jurnalist.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Megan, yu are nw the female heavyweight bxing champin f the wrld. Hw des it feel?
W: I’m really excited! I culdn’t have gt here withut my dad and my cach. They have always supprted me during my sprting career.
M: Well. Once again, well dne!
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a shp.B. In a theater.C. In a children’s park.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Shuld I put this sign in the windw with the new sale prices?
W: N. The sale f the children’s clthing is mre imprtant right nw. I want peple t see it as sn as pssible.
第二节(共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What was wrng with the wman’s cmputer?
A. It had t many files.B. It was infected.C. It was ut f date.
7. What des the man advise the wman t d?
A. Run a virus scan.B. Buy a new cmputer.C. Update the sftware.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, this stupid cmputer frze again! Hey Samuel, can yu cme and take a lk at my PC?
M: Let me see... I’ll run a virus scan n yur cmputer.
W: OK. Thank yu.
M: See? Yu have a lt f infected files.
W: Oh, n. Hw t recver them?
M: We can click here t begin the repair.
W: Yu are s nice. But hw can I avid such a prblem?
M: Well, yu have t make sure that yur anti-virus sftware is updated regularly; yurs wasn’t up t date. That’s prbably what caused yur prblems.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Wh des the wman admire mst?
A. Her grandfather.B. Tu Yuyu.C. Yuan Lngping.
9. What was the man’s majr?
A. Music.B. Medicine.C. Math.
【答案】8. C 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Edward, wh is the mst admirable persn in yur heart?
M: Oh, let me see. Maybe my grandfather is the persn. Thugh he is ld, he likes watering the flwers and preparing delicius meals fr us.
W: Sunds like yu lve him very much.
M: Yes, f curse. What abut yu?
W: In my view, Yuan Lngping is the ne that I admire mst. Because he really made great cntributins t peple’s life in the wrld.
M: Yes. And Tu Yuyu is als a very great wman wh is China’s first winner f Nbel Prize in medicine. Influenced by her, I chse the same majr as hers in cllege.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Hw des the wman feel nw?
A. Upset.B. Nervus.C. Regretful.
11. What happened t the wman?
A. She made sme serius mistakes.
B. She quarreled with her parents.
C. She had difficulty in scializing.
12. What des the man think is basic t bridging the generatin gap?
A. Respect.B. Patience.C. Cmmunicatin.
【答案】10. A 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hell, Cindy. Yu lk s sad. What’s wrng with yu?
W: Well. T tell yu the truth, I had a quarrel with my parents.
M: Just relax. I als ften have truble with my parents.
W: It seems unavidable t quarrel with them. The generatin gap is always there. S what d yu think we can d t bridge it?
M: Maybe we shuld talk t them abut ur prblems when we feel bad and try t seek their help.
W: Yes. Maybe we als need t admit ur mistakes and create a gd atmsphere t cmmunicate.
M: Of curse! That really matters. What’s mre, we shuld try enjying what they enjy and develping lts f cmmn interests.
W: Yeah. I culdn’t agree with yu mre.
M: Oh, almst frgt that. I think we shuld shw respect fr them at first, which is basic.
W: Well, it seems that we can d much t bridge the generatin gap and keep a gd relatinship with ur parents.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Hw is the Sny camcrder (便携式摄录机) bught by the man?
A. Small.B. Big.C. Heavy.
14. What’s the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Husband and wife.B. Emplyer and emplyee.C. Teacher and student.
15. Fr what reasn are the digital vide prducts ppular?
A. Decreasing prductin.B. Inviting functins.C. Creative cmputers.
16. Which f the fllwing can digital camcrders be cnnected with?
A. A pcket dictinary.B. A hme cmputer.C. A slide shw.
【答案】13. A 14. A 15. B 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hney, the new Sny camcrder yu’ve bught is nly the size f a pcket dictinary.
M: Yeah, dear, it’s neither big nr heavy. It is the latest and smallest digital vide camera.
W: I can see digital vide prducts are quickly becming ppular with their decreasing price.
M: In fact, getting cheaper is nt the reasn fr their ppularity. They cme with a lt f inviting functins.
W: Such as?
M: They ffer clearer and sharper images The mst imprtant thing is that it speaks digital.
W: What des this mean?
M: This means yu can cnnect yur digital camcrder with a digital TV r cmputer.
W: Can I mve my hme vide frm my camcrder t my cmputer fr editing?
M: Sure! And withut any lss f quality! Yu quickly find, cut, and recrd vides and create slide shws.
W: That’s great!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What d bees d when they need t relax?
A. Fly all day.B. Make hney.C. Play with balls.
18. Hw many chices did the bees have in the experiment?
A. One.B. Tw.C. Three.
19. What kind f treat culd the bees get?
A. A sugary treat.B. A special treat.C. A flwery treat.
20. What can we infer frm what the researcher said?
A. Bees are mre thughtful.
B. Bees are mre hardwrking.
C. Bees are hard t get alng with.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Everyne knws that bees are busy. There is even a saying in English that ne can be “as busy as a bee”. Hwever, little is knwn abut hw bees play. Scientists have discvered ne way that bees culd relax after a busy day making hney—they play with balls. The scientists are frm Queen Mary University f Lndn. They did different tests n bees “playing” with different things. The insects particularly liked playing with small, wden balls. The researchers said the way bees played was a little like hw humans play. Yunger bees rlled mre balls than lder bees, while adult males spent lnger playing with balls than adult females. The ball-rlling bees are the first knwn insects t “play”. The researchers experimented n 45 bees in a specially designed test area. The bees were given tw ptins. The first chice was t fly r walk directly t get a sugary treat. The secnd chice was t get t the treat by ging arund different clured wden balls. Mst f the bees decided t play with the balls and then get their treat. A researcher said the experiments shwed that bees are mre thughtful than peple believed. She said: “Bees are a millin miles frm the mindless, unfeeling creatures they are traditinally believed t be.” She added that: “This research prvides a strng indicatin that insect minds are far mre cmplex than we might imagine.”
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Flrence, Rme, Venice. Beautiful cities t be sure, nt t mentin sme f the planet’s mst visited travel destinatins. Yet this ppularity means that fr many, Italy’s premier htspts are t expensive and vercrwded t visit. If yu want t enjy a true taste f Italy withut the turists, read ur list f secret Italian twns yu need t visit.
Trevis, Venet
Trevis is like a small Venice with fewer turists and crwds. Its histrical walled centre is dtted with medieval churches, cbblestne streets, red-brick palaces and tiny ld canals that cnnect buildings, gardens and piazzas.
Blgna, Emilia-Rmagna
Blgna is ne f the clest twns in Italy. It is mstly frequented by students--Blgna is hme t the ldest university in Eurpe and a whle lt f gastrnmy fans, since it’s knwn t be the Italian fd capital. Once yu arrive, dn’t frget t taste the delicacies f the area, such as lasagne, trtellini and, yu guessed it, blgnese.
Castellucci, Umbria
Castellucci is the highest village in the Apennine Muntains at 1,452m (4,764ft) abve sea level. It’s a charming village with lvely squares that ffer amazing views ver the muntains and fields that blssm with vilets and red pppies. The best time f the year t visit Castellucci is in spring--frm late May t early June.
21. Which twn is regularly visited by students?
A. Trevis.B. Blgna.C. Alberbell.D. Castellucci.
22. What can we learn frm the twn Castellucci?
A. It ffers charming natural views.B. It is the highest village in Italy.
C. Its best visiting time is autumn.D. It is highly expensive t visit.
23. Wh might be mst interested in this text?
A. Thse wh are fnd f travelling alne.B. Thse wh have a true taste f large cities.
C. Students wh want t be further educated.D. Turists wh avid being much crwded.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了意大利经济实惠的四个旅游小镇。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Blgna, Emilia-Rmagna部分中的“Blgna is ne f the clest twns in Italy. It is mstly frequented by students. (Blgna是意大利最酷的城镇之一。它主要是学生经常光顾的地方。)”可知，学生经常去Blgna。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“It’s a charming village with lvely squares that ffer amazing views ver the muntains and fields that blssm with vilets and red pppies. (这是一个迷人的村庄，有可爱的广场，在那里可以欣赏到美丽的山景和盛开着紫罗兰和红罂粟的田野。)”可知，Castellucci有迷人的自然景色。故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Yet this ppularity means that fr many, Italy’s premier htspts are t expensive and vercrwded t visit. If yu want t enjy a true taste f Italy withut the turists, read ur list f secret Italian twns yu need t visit. (然而，这种受欢迎程度意味着，对许多人来说，意大利的主要旅游热点场所过于昂贵和拥挤。如果你想在没有游客的情况下享受真正的意大利味道，请阅读我们列出的你需要参观的秘密的意大利城镇。)”可知，在旅游时想要回避过于拥挤的游客可能对这篇文章最感兴趣。故选D。
B
When Rsevelt was a kid, his dctrs claimed that he was t weak t live a nrmal life like mst children f his age. They strngly recmmended him t avid participatin in any physical activities, fearing that it culd wrsen his health cnditin and ptentially lead t his death. Their pinins implied that he wuld face up t a life full f all kinds f limitatins. Instead f permitting their limiting beliefs abut what he culd d and achieve, he chse t live a meaningful life.
Despite his dctrs’ strng suggestins that he remain inactive, he didn’t want t be a carefree bserver f the wrld as it passed him by. He was determined t frce himself t be active. Rsevelt had daily adventures in the wds as a by.
He cntinued t play sprts when he gt t cllege. In fact, he didn’t just play, but he excelled in bth bxing and rwing, bth f which require astnishing levels f strength and endurance. When Rsevelt graduated frm cllege, his dctrs were still nt cmpletely sure abut his health cnditin. They still believed that he wuld be putting himself in serius danger, because his heart prblems had nt imprved. They firmly believed that it wuld be best t find a desk jb fr him after cmpleting a cllege degree. Once again, Rsevelt decided t challenge himself t his physical limits by living an extremely energetic adult life. In abut every field he tk part, he wuld aim t push his physical limits. Impressively, he was excellent as an explrer, a hunter, an authr, a sldier and a plitician.
Eventually, Rsevelt went beynd the mistaken limitatin upn him and lived an amazing life.
24. What wuld happen if Rsevelt fllwed his dctrs’ suggestins?
A. He wuld live a meaningful life.
B. His life wuld be full f limitatins.
C. His parents wuld feel satisfied with him.
D. He wuld becme an extrardinary persn.
25. What did his dctrs expect Rsevelt t becme after cllege graduatin?
A. An explrer.B. A bxing player.
C. An ffice clerk.D. A plitician.
26. Hw is the text mainly develped?
A. By fllwing time rder.B. By listing bvius reasns.
C. By giving sme examples.D. By making necessary cmparisns.
27. Which f the fllwing can best describe Rsevelt?
A. Humrus.B. Generus.C. Cnsiderate.D. Ambitius.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。Rsevelt小时候身体虚弱，医生建议他不要参加任何体育活动，但他突破身体的限制，选择过一种有意义的人生。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Their pinins implied that he wuld face up t a life full f all kinds f limitatins.(他们的意见暗示他将面对充满各种限制的生活)”可知，如果遵照医生的建议，Rsevelt的生活将充斥着各种各样的限制。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When Rsevelt graduated frm cllege, his dctrs were still nt cmpletely sure abut his health cnditin. They still believed that he wuld be putting himself in serius danger, because his heart prblems had nt imprved. They firmly believed that it wuld be best t find a desk jb fr him after cmpleting a cllege degree. (罗斯福大学毕业时，他的医生们仍然对他的健康状况不完全确定。他们仍然认为他将把自己置于严重的危险之中，因为他的心脏问题没有得到改善。他们坚信，在他完成大学学位后，最好为他找一份办公室工作。)”可知，医生认为Rsevelt大学毕业后最好找一份办公室工作。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“When Rsevelt was a kid, his dctrs claimed that he was t weak t live a nrmal life like mst children f his age.(当罗斯福还是个孩子的时候，他的医生说他太虚弱了，不能像大多数同龄的孩子那样过正常的生活)”；第三段中“He cntinued t play sprts when he gt t cllege. (上大学后，他继续参加体育运动)”以及“They firmly believed that it wuld be best t find a desk jb fr him after cmpleting a cllege degree.(他们坚信，在他完成大学学位后，最好为他找一份办公室工作)”可知，文章主要是按时间顺序叙述的。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Instead f permitting their limiting beliefs abut what he culd d and achieve, he chse t live a meaningful life.(他选择过有意义的生活，而不是让他们限制他能做什么和取得什么成就。)”，第二 段的“He was determined t frce himself t be active. Rsevelt had daily adventures in the wds as a by.(他决心强迫自己积极起来。罗斯福小时候每天都在森林里冒险。)”以及第三段的“Impressively, he was excellent as an explrer, a hunter, an authr, a sldier and a plitician.(令人印象深刻的是，他是一位出色的探险家、猎人、作家、士兵和政治家。)”可知，在Rsevelt小时候，他的医生建议他不要参加任何体育活动，担心参加体育活动会使他的健康状况恶化，但他选择过一种有意义的人生，成为出色的探险家、猎人、作家、士兵和政治家。由此可推知，Rsevelt有理想有抱负。故选D。
C
It’s said that Thmas Edisn fund an unusual way t enjy pian music. As smene played, the famus inventr, wh had been deaf, wuld mve clse t the instrument and bite it. In his wn wrds, it allwed him t “hear thrugh his teeth”.
Rbert Friedman, wh was in the business f buying and selling pians, recently shwed ff marks n a pian that was nce wned by Edisn. The pian had grups f small marks abve the keybard. He was surprised by the tth marks left by the inventr f the phngraph (留声机) , a music playing device.
Edisn invented the phngraph in 1877. Edisn ever asked fr the pian at the lwest price. When he bught the pian and put it in the lab, he was experimenting with sund recrding. He wned the instrument fr many years, s it was pssibly used in early recrdings.
There aren’t phtgraphs f Edisn biting this pian. But he was thught t bite int phngraphs and pians t help him experience music as his hearing wrsened. His daughter nce remembered that a guest cried n the spt at the sight f Edisn biting int a pian as smene played it.
Friedman calls himself the pian hunter. He finds and buys the famus pians frm peple and then sells them, usually t dealers. But this pian is mre cmplex. He is nw lking fr the right hme fr the instrument. Friedman says that he believes that it belngs t smeplace where many peple can see it. Friedman des nt want it t g back int private hands because f its cnnectin t Edisn. He has t find a histrical grup that will buy the pian, which he is ffering t sell fr what it cst him.
28. What was Edisn’s purpse in biting the pian?
A. T recrd his day.B. T enjy its music.
C. T express his anger.D. T mark its imprtance.
29. Why did Edisn buy the pian?
A. T perfrm music.B. T decrate his lab.
C. T test the phngraph’s recrding.D. T sell it at a very higher price later.
30. Hw did the guest feel abut Edisn’s behavir?
A. Impressed.B. Pleased.C. Puzzled.D. Embarrassed.
31. What will Friedman d with the pian?
A. Give it away.B. Make a frtune
C. Sell it at the riginal price.D. Keep it smewhere fr himself.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文讲述了托马斯·爱迪生用独特方式欣赏钢琴音乐的趣闻，并介绍了爱迪生发明留声机和他如何用极低的价格购买钢琴进行实验。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s said that Thmas Edisn fund an unusual way t enjy pian music. As smene played, the famus inventr, wh had been deaf, wuld mve clse t the instrument and bite it. In his wn wrds, it allwed him t “hear thrugh his teeth”.(据说托马斯·爱迪生发现了一种不寻常的欣赏钢琴音乐的方式。当有人演奏时，这位耳聋的著名发明家就会走近乐器咬它。用他自己的话来说，这让他能够“透过牙齿听到声音”)”可知，爱迪生咬钢琴的目的是透过牙齿听到声音来欣赏音乐。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Edisn invented the phngraph in 1877. Edisn ever asked fr the pian at the lwest price. When he bught the pian and put it in the lab, he was experimenting with sund recrding. He wned the instrument fr many years, s it was pssibly used in early recrdings.(爱迪生在1877年发明了留声机。爱迪生要求以最低的价格买到钢琴。当他买了钢琴并把它放在实验室时，他正在做录音实验。他拥有这台乐器很多年，所以它可能在早期录音中使用过)”可知，爱迪生买钢琴应是来测试留声机的录音效果。故选C项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But he was thught t bite int phngraphs and pians t help him experience music as his hearing wrsened. His daughter nce remembered that a guest cried n the spt at the sight f Edisn biting int a pian as smene played it.(但人们认为，随着听力的恶化，他咬着留声机和钢琴来帮助他体验音乐。他的女儿记得有一次，一位客人看到爱迪生咬着别人弹奏的钢琴，当场哭了)”可知，人们认为爱迪生会咬着留声机和钢琴来帮助他体验音乐，一位客人甚至哭了，所以对他的行为是钦佩的。故选A项。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“He has t find a histrical grup that will buy the pian, which he is ffering t sell fr what it cst him.(他必须找到一个愿意购买这架钢琴的历史团体，并以原价出售)”可知，弗里德曼会把钢琴按原价出售。故选C项。
D
A smke bmb frm a party started a majr blaze (火焰) near Ls Angeles in September,just ne f many recent wildfires ignited (引燃) by peple. Nw, an analysis f satellite data shws human-caused blazes spread much faster and kill mre trees than nes ignited by lightning.
Fire has always been a part f Califrnia’s natural histry. But several centuries f human settlement have created new cnditins that prmte its spread.Studies have shwn human ignitin is t blame fr 84% f all wildfires in the United States,and 97% f all thse that threaten hmes.
Human-caused fires always seemed mre extreme, says Stijn Hantsn,a fire eclgist at the University f Califrnia,Irvine,wh led the new research. But measurements f hw fast they spread and their impacts n ecsystems (生态系统) in Califrnia had nt been explred, he ntes.
T examine thse differences, Hantsn and his clleagues analyzed satellite data fr 214 wildfires in Califrnia between 2012 and 2018.Human-caused fires typically spread abut 1.83 kilmeters per day, mre than twice as fast as lightning-ignited burns,the team reprts.The faster spreading fires als burned mre vilently and killed “duble r triple” the trees as lightning-caused nes.
Hwever, there is n fundamental difference in the chemistry f a human-caused blaze. “A fire is a fire” Hantsn says. “It’s the surrunding things that matter.” Causes f fires ranging frm imprperly thrwn cigarettes t sparking (冒火花) pwer lines culd ignite a blaze n any given day, he says, while lightning strikes and dry thunderstrms nly happen seasnally.
The researchers tracked meterlgical data and fund that human-caused fires were mre likely t start n days with extreme weather cnditins,and were mre assciated with drier,less-frested landscapes. This adds t scientists’ understanding f hw humans are extending the fire seasn, says Nathan Mietkiewicz, an eclgist with the Natinal Eclgical Observatin Netwrk.
32. The authr uses sme data in paragraph 2 t shw that ________.
A. wildfires are mstly caused by humans
B. mst wildfires threaten peple’s hmes
C. wildfire is a part f Califrnia’s natural histry
D. wildfires break ut frequently in the United States
33. What’s the purpse f Hantsn’s research?
A. T prve hw extreme human-caused fires are.
B. T find ut the causes and slutins f wildfires.
C. T explre the speed and effects f wildfires caused by humans.
D. T examine the differences between a human-caused blaze and a nature-caused ne.
34. Hw is the result presented in paragraph 4?
A. By giving examples.
B. By making cmparisns.
C. By analyzing cause and effect.
D. By giving definitins.
35. What can be inferred frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. Human-caused fires and lightning-caused fires are basically different.
B. Lightning strikes and thunderstrms can always lead t wildfires.
C. Wildfires nly happen in dry,less-frested areas.
D. Humans are t blame fr the extended fire seasn.
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇短文主要介绍了人为引发的火灾比起由闪电引发的火灾传播更快，对生态系统的影响更大。研究人员通过分析卫星数据发现，在加利福尼亚州的214起火灾中，人为引发的火灾每天传播大约1.83公里，比闪电引发的火灾传播速度快两倍。人为引发的火灾还更加猛烈，对树木的破坏程度是闪电引发火灾的两到三倍。此外，研究人员还发现，人为引发的火灾更容易在极端天气条件下发生，并且更多发生在干燥、森林覆盖较少的地区。这些研究结果有助于科学家们对人类如何延长火灾季节的理解。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Studies have shwn human ignitin is t blame fr 84% f all wildfires in the United States, and 97% f all thse that threaten hmes(研究表明，美国84%的野火和97%的威胁家园的野火都是人为点火造成的)”可知，作者在第二段中使用了一些数据来表明野火大多是由人类引起的。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But measurements f hw fast they spread and their impacts n ecsystems (生态系统) in Califrnia had nt been explred, he ntes.(但他指出，没有人研究过它们传播速度有多快，以及它们对加州生态系统的影响。)”及第四段“Human-caused fires typically spread abut 1.83 kilmeters per day, mre than twice as fast as lightning-ignited burns, the team reprts(人为引起的火灾通常每天蔓延约1.83公里，比闪电燃烧的速度快两倍多。)可知，汉森研究的目的是探索人类引起的野火的速度和影响。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Human-caused fires typically spread abut 1.83 kilmeters per day, mre than twice as fast as lightning-ignited burns, the team reprts.The faster spreading fires als burned mre vilently and killed “duble r triple” the trees as lightning-caused nes. (研究小组报告称，人为引起的火灾通常每天蔓延约1.83公里，比闪电燃烧的速度快两倍多。火势蔓延得更快，燃烧得也更猛烈，闪电造成的树木死亡的数量是树木的“两倍或三倍”) ”可知，第四段主要通过对比来展示结果。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“This adds t scientists’ understanding f hw humans are extending the fire seasn, says Nathan Mietkiewicz, an eclgist with the Natinal Eclgical Observatin Netwrk(这增加了科学家对人类如何延长火灾季节的理解，”国家生态观察网络的生态学家内森·米特凯维奇说)”可推断，火灾季节延长应归咎于人类。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
___36___? I am sure that since winter is appraching, yur skates are set t cme ut, just waiting t be used. Impress yur friends with yur new trick n hw t ice-skate backwards with the help f these tips.
Stand straight
The first thing that yu need t d is : stand straight.___37___, if yu feel that yu are falling backwards. Dn’t wrry; this happens t all.
Cnfidence is what yu need
The mst imprtant step while learning hw t skate backwards is having enugh cnfidence in yurself and in what yu are ding. Hw can yu achieve this? By practice. One f the imprtant ice skating tips and techniques is that if yu feel that yu are lsing yur balance, then scissr（做剪式运动）yur skates.___38___.
Maintain/Keep speed
Try sculling（滑）with ne skate while rlling in a straight line with the ther. That is, keep pushing yurself backwards with an utwards strke（滑动）, Nw bring the skate which yu are using t scull, and then again, repeat the same prcess. Make sure that yu put mst f yur weight n the skate which is mving straight and nt the ne with which yu are sculling. Nw, try the same thing using the ther ft.
___39___
Once yu are cnfident that yu can scull with either ft, the next thing that yu have t d is increase yur speed. Try sme f yur wn tricks nw. Scull with either ft r with bth at the same time.
Scull and be aware
While yu keep ne ft straight, keep sculling with the ther. Yu can d that with bth feet at the same time.___40___, but dn’t get s invlved that yu dn’t see where yu are ging. If yu are nt watching yur back, yu might just bang against smething r smene.
A. Dn't yu just lve ice skating every winter
B. While ging backwards, just get used t the feeling f mving backwards
C. Keep practicing this till yu are cnfident abut it
D Increase yur speed nw
E. One must be brave enugh t learn t ice-skate backwards
F. Cncentrate n what yu are ding.
G. Just put yur chin up and slightly bend yur knees.
【答案】36. A 37. G 38. C 39. D 40. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要向我们讲述了一些关于怎样倒着滑冰的提示。
【36题详解】
根据下文“I am sure that since winter is appraching, yur skates are set t cme ut, just waiting t be used.（我确定冬天要来了，你的溜冰鞋就要拿出来等着被用了。）”可知，本段讲述冬天里要滑冰的事，A项中的winter与后面的winter is appraching相呼应，且A “Dn't yu just lve ice skating every winter（你不是每个冬天都喜欢溜冰吗）”对应了空格后的问号，故选A。
【37题详解】
上文“The first thing that yu need t d is : stand straight.（你要做的第一件事是：站直）”，可知，本段介绍的要领是站直身体。下文“if yu feel that yu are falling backwards（当感觉身体向后倒时） ”，这个时候应该要站直身体，G项“Just put yur chin up and slightly bend yur knees（要抬头屈膝）”，这样才能保持身体直立，故选G项。
【38题详解】
根据上文“The mst imprtant step while learning hw t skate backwards is having enugh cnfidence in yurself and in what yu are ding. Hw can yu achieve this? By practice.（练习倒滑时最重要的是对自己有信心，对你正在做的事有信心。那么怎样做到有信心呢？通过练习。） ”可知，要通过大量的练习才能达到对倒滑有信心。选项C中的Keep practicing 以及cnfident与上文对应，故选C。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Once yu are cnfident that yu can scull with either ft, the next thing that yu have t d is increase yur speed.（当自信自己能够用任何一只脚滑行时，接着就要加快速度了。）”可知，这部分重点讲加速，选项D“increase yur speed nw(提升速度)”，符合文意，故选D。
【40题详解】
根据下文“but dn’t get s invlved that yu dn’t see where yu are ging. （但是不要太专注，以至于你看不到你要滑去的地方）”。but出现，说明此句和空格句句意是转折关系，but后说不要太专注，可知空格处应是滑冰时，要专注做的事。这样才对应了空格后的句意，选项F“Cncentrate n what yu are ding.（专注于你正在做的事）”符合文意，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mack was watching a sccer match n TV. He was ____41____ fr getting such a sccer unifrm (队服) and tld his mther abut it. The days were passing by withut ____42____ frm his mther. Althugh he was disappinted, he never ____43____ his idea.
Mack kept cnsidering hw t achieve it sn. He fund his mther ____44____ with her wrk. An idea struck his mind. He culd ____45____ ne f his trusers while his mther was busy. But he was ____46____. What if his mther saw it and sclded (责备) him? Finally, he made up his mind t paint.
One day, his mther was busy as usual. After wrk, she went hme and stared in great ____47____ when she discvered a painting n a pair f trusers. Mack felt nervus fr his mther’s sudden ____48____. “I can’t ____49____ the unifrm, but I can paint it n my trusers,” he said t his mther. “Then I will have my sccer unifrm t ____50____ my dream.” He was afraid t face his mther. But his ____51____ was praisewrthy. He added, “Mm. I think yu will ____52____ me fr the wrk.” Pleased t hear the pleasant wrds, she appreciated him fr his wrk and ignred the mistake. She didn’t ____53____ the unifrm in the frm f painting.
“Nw, it will remain as yur memrable wrk ut f yur thirst fr ftball. ____54____, yu have made yur effrts. The ____55____ will add t yur willpwer t achieve yur gal. But I hpe yu will be mre sensible anther time,” she cnveyed.
41. A. gratefulB. respnsibleC. thirstyD. famus
42 A. ambitinB. respnseC. difficultyD. hesitatin
43. A. gave upB. agreed tC. thught fD. put frward
44. A. bredB. cntentC. disappintedD. ccupied
45. A. findB. wearC. paintD. buy
46. A. familiarB. anxiusC. annyedD. pleased
47. A. regretB. reliefC. surpriseD. cmfrt
48. A. warningB. decisinC. changeD. arrival
49. A. prduceB. getC. requireD. design
50. A. rememberB. shwC. realizeD. repeat
51. A. futureB. discveryC. researchD. actin
52. A. thankB. admireC. prtectD. remember
53. A. mindB. knwC. acceptD. value
54. A. ThusB. HweverC. InsteadD. Anyway
55. A. qualityB. methdC. cmmentD. difference
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。Mack对妈妈说想要一件自己喜欢的足球服，但他妈妈一直都没有表态。于是他在裤子上画足球服。这一举动得到了他妈妈的表扬。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他渴望得到这样一件足球服，并把这件事告诉了他的母亲。A. grateful感谢的；B. respnsible负责的；C. thirsty口渴的，渴望的；D. famus出名的。根据后文“fr getting such a sccer unifrm”指渴望得到足球服，故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：日子一天天过去了，他母亲没有回音。A. ambitin抱负；B. respnse回答；C. difficulty困难；D. hesitatin犹豫。根据后文“Althugh he was disappinted”可知母亲没有给他答复。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然他很失望，但他从未放弃他的想法。A. gave up放弃；B. agreed t同意；C. thught f想起；D. put frward提出。根据后文“his idea”以及althugh引导让步状语从句，可知他从未放弃他的想法。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他发现母亲正忙着工作。A. bred厌倦的；B. cntent满意的；C. disappinted失望的；D. ccupied忙碌的。根据后文“with her wrk”指忙着工作。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可以在他妈妈忙的时候涂一条裤子。A. find找到；B. wear穿着；C. paint上油漆；D. buy购买。根据后文“Finally, he made up his mind t paint.(最后，他下定决心要画裤子)”可知，他可以在他妈妈忙的时候涂一条裤子。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他很焦虑。A. familiar熟悉的；B. anxius焦虑的；C. annyed生气的；D. pleased高兴的。根据后文“What if his mther saw it and sclded him?(要是他妈妈看到了，骂他一顿怎么办？)”可知，他很焦虑。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：下班后，她回到家，惊讶地发现一条裤子上有一幅画。A. regret后悔；B. relief宽慰；C. surprise惊讶；D. cmfrt安慰。根据后文“discvered a painting n a pair f trusers”可知，母亲回到家，惊讶地发现一条裤子上有一幅画。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦克对母亲的突然到来感到紧张。A. warning警告；B. decisin决定；C. change改变；D. arrival到达。对应上文“After wrk, she went hme”指母亲回家了。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我没有制服，但我可以把它画在我的裤子上，”他对他的母亲说。A. prduce产生；B. get获得；C. require需要；D. design设计。根据第一段中“fr getting such a sccer unifrm”指获得制服。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会有我的足球制服来实现我的梦想。A. remember记得；B. shw展示；C. realize意识到，实现；D. repeat重复。根据宾语“my dream”指实现梦想，应用realize。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他的行为是值得赞扬的。A. future未来；B. discvery发现；C. research研究；D. actin行动。根据上文“ He was afraid t face his mther.”和表示转折意义的but可知，他的行为是值得赞扬的。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想你会赞赏我所做的。A. thank感谢；B. admire钦佩，赞赏；C. prtect保护；D. remember记得。根据后文“she appreciated him fr his wrk”可知，母亲赞赏他所做的。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不介意把制服用画画的形式表现出来。A. mind介意；B. knw知道；C. accept接受；D. value重视。根据上文“Pleased t hear the pleasant wrds, she appreciated him fr his wrk and ignred the mistake.(听到这些令人愉快的话，她很高兴，对他的工作表示赞赏，并没有理会这个错误)”可知，她不介意把制服用画画的形式表现出来。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，你已经努力了。A. Thus因此；B. Hwever然而；C. Instead相反；D. Anyway无论如何。根据后文“yu have made yur effrts”指不管怎样，你已经努力了。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种品质会增强你实现目标的意志力。A. quality质量，品质；B. methd方法；C. cmment评论；D. difference差异。根据上文“yu have made yur effrts”指努力的品质会增强实现目标的意志力。故选A。
第II卷(非选择题55分)
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Instead f starting a career in big cities, mre and mre university ____56____(graduate) chse t return t their hmetwn. Li Dan is ne f them. The girl, ____57____(bear) in a small village in Suthwest China, decided t stay with her family and friends after getting her degree at university.
In the strng supprt frm natinal plicies that aim t eliminate pverty, she started her wn fruit grwing business. Taking advantage ____58____ new technlgy and the Internet, she ____59____(expand) her business t include agriturism ver the last several years, creating mre than 50 new jbs fr the peple in her village. ____60____ (live) in the hmetwn ffers is a strng supprt netwrk. Mre ____61____(imprtant), this netwrk is als ____62____ gd ne fr getting new agribusinesses up and running quite quickly. Thus, it is n surprise that mre and mre yung peple are nw attracted t life in the cuntry, ____63____ they can fulfill persnal gals and cntribute t ____64____(they) lcal cmmunities rather than just being white-cllar prfessinals in big cities. “It is the hard wrk and yur devtin _____65_____ make a decent life, ” said Li Dan in an interview.
【答案】56. graduates
57. brn 58. f
59. has expanded
60. Living 61. imprtantly
62. a 63. where
64. their 65. that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了越来越多的大学毕业生选择回到家乡，而不是在大城市开始自己的职业生涯。李丹就是其中之一。这个女孩出生在中国西南部的一个小村庄，大学毕业后决定和家人朋友呆在一起。
【56题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：越来越多的大学毕业生选择回到家乡，而不是在大城市开始自己的职业生涯。graduate为可数名词，由mre and mre修饰应用复数形式。故填graduates。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：出生在中国西南部的一个小村庄的这个女孩，大学毕业后决定和家人朋友呆在一起。短语be brn in表示“出生于”，省略be动词，过去分词作定语。故填brn。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：在过去几年里，她利用新技术和互联网，将自己的业务扩大到农业旅游，为村里的人创造了50多个新的就业机会。短语take advantage f表示“利用”。故填f。
【59题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去几年里，她利用新技术和互联网，将自己的业务扩大到农业旅游，为村里的人创造了50多个新的就业机会。根据后文ver the last several years可知为现在完成时，主语为she，助动词用has。故填has expanded。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：生活在家乡提供了强大的支持网络。作句子的主语应用动名词，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Living。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：更重要的是，这个网络也是一个让新的农业综合企业迅速建立和运行的好网络。短语mre imprtantly表示“更重要的是”。故填imprtantly。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：更重要的是，这个网络也是一个让新的农业综合企业迅速建立和运行的好网络。后文ne为泛指且gd是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：因此，越来越多的年轻人被农村生活所吸引也就不足为奇了，在那里他们可以实现个人目标，为当地社区做贡献，而不仅仅是在大城市做白领。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词cuntry，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。
【64题详解】
考查代词。句意：因此，越来越多的年轻人被农村生活所吸引也就不足为奇了，在那里他们可以实现个人目标，为当地社区做贡献，而不仅仅是在大城市做白领。修饰后文名词cmmunities应用代词their。故填their。
【65题详解】
考查强调句。句意：李丹在一次采访中说：“是你的努力和奉献，让你过上了体面的生活。”分析句子结构可知此处为强调句“it is+被强调部分+ that+其它”。故填that。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假如你是某中学学生李华，请你给校委员会写一封信，就开办艺术画廊给出自己的建议及理由，内容包括：
1. 建议开办一个校园艺术画廊，展示在校学生自己的作品；
2. 画廊可以给学生提供一个展示自我的平台，丰富学生的知识、传播校园文化。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Cmmittee members,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs faithfully,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Cmmittee members,
I wish t make a suggestin abut starting a schl art gallery.
There are many students wh are gd at painting in ur schl. The schl art gallery can prvide these students with a very gd platfrm t display their wn paintings, ffer them a chance t admire the artistic achievements and the develpment f schl culture as well as widen their knwledge. If yu were t ffer such an pprtunity t the students wh are fnd f art, I believe they wuld give yu a big surprise.
I wuld be mre than happy if my suggestin culd be cnsidered.
Yurs faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给校委员会写一封信，就开办艺术画廊给出自己的建议及理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice→suggestin
提供：ffer→prvide
展示：shw→display
喜欢：like→be fnd f
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I wuld be mre than happy if my suggestin culd be cnsidered.
拓展句：I wuld appreciate it if my suggestin culd be cnsidered.
【点睛】[高分句型1] There are many students wh are gd at painting in ur schl. (运用了wh引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] If yu were t ffer such an pprtunity t the students wh are fnd f art, I believe they wuld give yu a big surprise. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句、wh引导的定语从句及省略that的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)读后续写
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
After wrking many years in a large hspital, my wrk as head nurse in a small lcal hspital turned ut frustrating. Occasinally we lacked supplies r equipment and smetimes the fd was less than desirable. The biggest prblem was the lack f qualified help. Still, everyne wrking there had a genuine lve fr the patients, and did their best t care fr them.
Alice, a tiny, elderly lady with bright blue, twinkling eyes, was everyne’s favrite. Her nly living relative was her sn Jack, a large, tugh man. Tatts (纹身) cvered his arms and an untidy beard grew wildly n his chin. N matter hw cld the weather was, he always wre a tank tp shirt s the snake artwrk culd be admired by all. He wre faded jeans, s stiff with thick dirt that they culd have std alne. His lud and rude manner frightened mst f the staff.
But this large man lved his tiny mther. Every day, he rared up t the hspital entrance n his ld mtrcycle, pushed pen the frnt dr, and walked with heavy steps dwn the hall t her rm, his lud bt heels annuncing his arrival. He visited at unpredictable hurs s he culd surprise anyne wh suspected him f nt taking prper care f his mther. Yet, his gentleness with her amazed me.
I made friends with Jack, figuring I’d rather be a friend with a man like him, than an enemy. And I, like everyne else, truly lved his mther.
One particularly bad evening at the hspital, three nurses called in sick, the fd carts came late and cld, and ne f the patients fell and brke his hip. Jack came in at suppertime t help his mther with her meal. He std and lked at me in surprise as I busily tried t d the wrk f three nurses. Exhausted, and near t tears, I avided his stare.
After the patients were finally fed, bathed, and put t bed, I sat at the desk and put my head dwn n my arms fr a few mments’ relaxatin befre the night shift arrived.
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, the frnt dr burst pen.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Putting dwn the rse n my desk, he turned arund and left.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Suddenly, the frnt dr burst pen. Startled, I thught. Oh n! Here cmes Jack, wh were thught f far frm gentleness, checking up n us again! As he came t the desk, hwever, I lked up t see his big hand gripping a pickle jar with a bit f clred yarn tied in a bw arund the neck. And in the jar was the lveliest, lng-stemmed red rse I’d ever seen. Jack handed it t me and said, “I nticed what a bad time yu were having tnight. This is fr yu, frm me and my mther.”
Putting dwn the rse n my desk, he turned arund and left. Befre I culd say smething, he marched back ut the dr, and with a rar frm his mtrcycle, rde ut int the darkness. I was near t tears again, verwhelmed by the genuine lve frm this seemingly lud and rude but actually lving and gentle man. I’d received many gifts and cards frm many grateful patients and their families, but they never tuched me mre than the red rse in the pickle jar given t me that night.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jack是个长相凶狠，言行粗鲁的人，他的母亲在作者工作的医院住院，他很爱他的母亲，经常来医院照看他的母亲。一天，医院里三名护士请病假，人手短缺，作者做了请假护士的工作，精疲力竭。Jack看到了作者很疲惫，随后给作者送了一朵玫瑰，作者对此很感动。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，前门突然打开了。”可知，第一段可描写Jack走进办公室，作者以为他是来找茬的，结果他给作者送了一朵玫瑰花，说他看到作者今天晚上过得很糟糕。
②由第二段首句内容“他把玫瑰放在我桌上，转身就走。”可知，第二段可描写他放下玫瑰花后就走开了，作者对他这种行为很感动。
2.续写线索：走进办公室——作者以为他是找茬——给作者玫瑰花——放下玫瑰后走开了——作者感动
3.词汇激活行为类
①递给：hand/deliver
②注意到：ntice/take ntice f
③前行：march/head
情绪类
①惊讶的：startled/surprised
②感恩的：grateful/thankful
【点睛】[高分句型1] Here cmes Jack, wh were thught f far frm gentleness, checking up n us again!（运用了全部倒装句和wh引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]As he came t the desk, hwever, I lked up t see his big hand gripping a pickle jar with a bit f clred yarn tied in a bw arund the neck. （由as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3]Befre I culd say smething, he marched back ut the dr, and with a rar frm his mtrcycle, rde ut int the darkness. （由befre引导的时间状语从句）