2023-2024学年江苏省无锡市高三上学期期中教学质量调研测试英语试卷含答案
展开注意事项及说明:
1. 试卷共150分,考试时间120分钟。
2. 答案一律写在答题卡上。考试结束时,上交答题卡。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw des the man enjy the view?
A. Thrugh a telescpe. B. Thrugh a camera. C. Thrugh a mbile phne.
2 Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. On the playgrund. B. In a stre. C. In a gym.
3. What will the speakers prbably d next?
A. Eat at a restaurant.
B. Shp at a grcery stre.
C. Have dinner with Jack’s mther.
4. When will the meeting be held?
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
5. What are the speakers mst prbably talking abut?
A. A bed. B. A chair. C. A blanket.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. Which part f the bdy is the wman fcusing n recvering nw?
A. Her shulder. B. Her fingers. C. Her arm.
7. Wh prbably helps the wman carry her grceries?
A. Her brther. B. The man. C. Her c-wrkers.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A magic schl. B. A cstume party. C. The mvie Harry Ptter.
9. What is the wman like?
A. Cnfident. B. Funny. C. Helpful.
听第8段材料,回答第10至13题。
10. What difficulty des the wman meet?
A. Hw t publish her bk.
B. When t publish her bk.
C. Where t publish her bk.
11. What des the man suggest the wman d abut her bk?
A. Call a publisher. B. Advertise it herself. C. Ask the teacher fr advice.
12. Hw many pages des the wman’s bk have?
A. Abut 200. B. Abut 350. C. Abut 700.
13. What will the wman give the man t read?
A. A digital cpy. B. A printed cpy. C. A handwritten cpy.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14. When might the birthday party be held?
A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.
15. What des Judy have t d n the day f the party?
A. G t wrk.
B. Take the car fr a check.
C. Drive her brther smewhere.
16. What gift will Dave give t Brad fr his birthday?
A. A hat. B. A gift card. C. A CD.
17. What will the speakers d at Brad’s birthday party?
A. D sme sprts. B. See a mvie. C. Watch a perfrmance.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18. What is the clever thing abut the mall?
A. Its lcatin. B. Its atmsphere. C. Its shpkeepers.
19. What des Maria Larssn think f the mall?
A. Cmmn. B. Creative. C. Mdern.
20. Why is the mall special?
A. Because it’s fashinable.
B. Because it’s easily accessible.
C. Because it’s envirnmentally friendly.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The traditinal Chinese slar calendar divides the year int 24 slar terms. Start f Autumn, the 13th slar term, reflects the end f summer and the beginning f autumn. The fruitful seasn is appraching. The fllwing are several things yu shuld knw abut it.
“Autumn Tiger”
Althugh Start f Autumn indicates the beginning f autumn, ht weather wn’t cme t an end. The perid f ht days after Start f Autumn, is called “Autumn Tiger”. Because f decreasing rainfall, it is even mre sweltering (闷热的) during this perid than during Majr Heat.
Eating lngans
The Start f Autumn perid is harvest time fr Taiwan lngan. Peple believe that eating lngan will help their children becme senir fficials.
Eating red beans
Starting frm the Tang Dynasty and the Sng Dynasty, peple in Yiwu, Zhejiang prvince, have eaten red beans n Start f Autumn day. They take 7 t 14 little beans, swallwing them with well water. When taking the beans, ne must face west, it is said, s as nt t get dysentery during the autumn.
Eating gurds (葫芦)
During the Qing Dynasty, peple wuld put gurds utside fr a day befre the Start f Autumn, and eat them n Start f Autumn day t drive ff the summer heat. Tday peple in Tianjin still keep this custm, believing that eating melns such as twel gurd, white gurd and bitter gurd can prevent diarrhea (腹泻) in autumn.
1. What causes “Autumn Tiger” accrding t the passage?
A. The reducing rainfall.B. The ending f summer.
C. The appraching autumn.D. The beginning f the slar term.
2 What is the cmmn belief fr peple t eat red beans and gurds?
A. T avid heat.B. T keep the custm.
C. T prevent diseases.D. T help children becme senir fficials.
3. In which clumn f a magazine might the passage be taken frm?
A. Sprts.B. Culture.C. Entertainment.D. Plitics.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在中国的传统文化中,关于立秋我们应该知道的几件事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Autumn Tiger部分中“Because f decreasing rainfall, it is even mre sweltering (闷热的) during this perid than during Majr Heat.(由于降雨量减少,这段时间比大暑期间更闷热)”可知,“秋老虎”是由于降雨量减少,故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Eating red beans部分中“When taking the beans, ne must face west, it is said, s as nt t get dysentery during the autumn.(据说,吃豆子的时候一定要面朝西,以免在秋天得痢疾)”和Eating gurds (葫芦)部分中“Tday peple in Tianjin still keep this custm, believing that eating melns such as twel gurd, white gurd and bitter gurd can prevent diarrhea (腹泻) in autumn.(今天天津人仍然保留着这个习俗,认为在秋天吃丝瓜、冬瓜、苦瓜可以预防腹泻)”可知,人们吃红豆和冬瓜是为了预防疾病,故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容,结合第一段中“The traditinal Chinese slar calendar divides the year int 24 slar terms. Start f Autumn, the 13th slar term, reflects the end f summer and the beginning f autumn. The fruitful seasn is appraching. The fllwing are several things yu shuld knw abut it.(中国传统的阳历将一年分为24个节气。立秋,第13个节气,反映了夏天的结束和秋天的开始。丰收的季节即将来临。以下是你应该知道的几件事)”可知,文章主要介绍了在中国的传统文化中,关于立秋我们应该知道的几件事,应是摘自杂志的文化部分,故选B。
B
Each mrning at 6 ’clck, even n weekends, Kamaljeet Singh, 57, is up and ut f the huse. He starts by spending three hurs helping distribute fd t nearly tw dzen drp-ff lcatins acrss Delhi, India, and then checks n the many facilities run by the vlunteer rganizatin he leads with his brther, Premjit. The rganizatin, Veerji Ka Dera, was funded in 1989 by their father, Trilkchan Singh.
Trilkchan and his helpers began supprting ne f India’s mst underserved grups: the migrant wrkers wh came t Delhi frm rural areas. It started with a free breakfast, and eventually the grup was als prviding basic first aid fr minr, ften jb-related, injuries. During this time, Trilkchan wuld begin his days as early as 4 ’clck in the mrning, then g t his paid jb 5 hurs later, and end each day by vlunteering in the evenings.
After his death, Kamaljeet and Premjit, inspired by their father’s lifetime f service, tk ver the rganizatin. “We are cntinuing his legacy f helping the prest f the pr,” says Premjit, 61, “Our aim is that n ne ges hungry and uncared fr in Delhi.”
Veerji Ka Dera nw feeds abut 2,500 daily wage wrkers and hmeless peple a day, in additin t prviding basic medical care fr as many as 500 peple. The grup perates a main building in west Delhi, several rented farms — grwing crps such as wheat, mustard, millet and rice — an ld-age hme and clinics. It even perates an animal shelter husing a few hundred rescued cws and buffal.
It’s all made pssible by the rughly 250 families wh vlunteer their time t ck, drive, nurse, farm and clean. Kamaljeet and his wife, Raminder, juggle their vlunteer wrk with managing their security-camera installatin (设备) cmpany, and they get help frm their sn and daughter-in-law, t. His ther adult children, wh nw live abrad, have vlunteered in the past, as have Premjit’s kids.
Despite the size and scpe f the rganizatin, the brthers claim it causes them n stress. Kamaljeet says spending time with his brther and the vlunteers — especially yung peple — is “the best”.
4. What can we learn abut Kamaljeet frm paragraph 1?
A. He sets up Veerji Ka Dera.B. He is fnd f getting up early.
C. He rutinely helps thse in need.D. He can have a rest n weekends.
5. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Trilkchan?
A. T cmment n his wrk.B. T cmpare his wrk with his sns’.
C. T shw his influence n his sns.D. T describe his tugh living cnditins.
6. What des the underlined wrd “juggle” mean in paragraph 5?
A. Cmbine.B. Share.C. Cnnect.D. Balance.
7. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A caring family.B. A wrthy rganizatin.
C. A mysterius tale.D. A meaningful experience.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个公益组织Veerji Ka Dera。这个组织由Trilkchan Singh于1989年创立,他去世后由他两个儿子接管,250个志愿者家庭自愿花时间做饭、开车、护理、种地和打扫卫生,服务于从农村地区来到德里的农民工。他们的目标是:在德里,没有人挨饿,没有人无人照顾。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Each mrning at 6 ’clck, even n weekends, Kamaljeet Singh, 57, is up and ut f the huse. He starts by spending three hurs helping distribute fd t nearly tw dzen drp-ff lcatins acrss Delhi, India, and then checks n the many facilities run by the vlunteer rganizatin he leads with his brther, Premjit. The rganizatin, Veerji Ka Dera, was funded in 1989 by their father, Trilkchan Singh.(每天早上6点,57岁的卡玛吉特·辛格就起床出门了,即使在周末也是如此。他首先要花3个小时帮助向印度德里的近24个送餐点分发食物,然后检查由他和哥哥普雷姆吉特领导的志愿者组织运营的许多设施。这个名为Veerji Ka Dera的组织由他们的父亲Trilkchan Singh于1989年创立)”可知,Kamaljeet每天包括周末都是这样忙着打理这个组织的事务,而这个组织是帮助那些困境中的人。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“After his death, Kamaljeet and Premjit, inspired by their father’s lifetime f service, tk ver the rganizatin. ‘We are cntinuing his legacy f helping the prest f the pr,’ says Premjit, 61, ‘Our aim is that n ne ges hungry and uncared fr in Delhi.’(父亲去世后,卡玛吉特和普雷姆吉特受到父亲一生服务的启发,接管了这个组织。61岁的普雷姆吉特说:‘我们正在继承他的遗志,帮助有需要的穷人。我们的目标是,在德里,没有人挨饿,没有人无人照顾’)”可知,作者提到这位父亲是为了讲述这兄弟两个是在父亲的影响下从事这个慈善事业的。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后面的“their vlunteer wrk(做志愿者工作)”和“ managing their security-camera installatin (设备) cmpany(管理他们的安全摄像头安装公司)”可知,划线词和balance意义相近,他们要平衡好机构的公益事业和自己的公司,兼顾两者。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了一个公益组织Veerji Ka Dera。这个组织由Trilkchan Singh于1989年创立,他去世后由他的两个儿子接管,250个志愿者家庭自愿花时间做饭、开车、护理、种地和打扫卫生,服务于从农村地区来到德里的农民工。他们的目标是:在德里,没有人挨饿,没有人无人照顾,因此本文主要介绍一个有意义的公益组织。故选B项。
C
Insmnia (失眠) feels like a curse fr thse left tssing and turning as they try t fall asleep. Such prblems can be nt nly upsetting, but als harmful t the brain, as revealed in last issue’s article n sleep.
Scientists frm the US University f Washingtn have been using bracelets (手镯) t mnitr the sleep patters f 507 university students ver a perid f three years. The bracelets allwed scientists nt nly t mnitr the sleep patterns f their subjects but als t examine their expsure t light during the day.
The data revealed that the students enjyed abut the same quantity f sleep regardless f seasns. But n weeknights in the winter they went t bed 35 minutes later, and als rse again 27 minutes later, cmpared with weeknights in the summer.
The discvery surprised the scientists. The city f Seattle, where the university is lcated, gets 16 hurs f daylight in the summer and nly 8 in the winter. They expected that lng light summer evenings wuld keep the students up lnger — but the ppsite prved t be the case.
Accrding t the scientists, the explanatin may be that the lw quantity f daylight in winter disturbs the students’ internal clck, shifting it by sme 40 minutes. They simply spent t little time utdrs during winter mnths.
The scientists als suggest that the type f light matters very much. “Light during the day, particularly in the mrning, affects yur internal clck, s yu get tired earlier in the evening, while light late in the day r early in the evening delays yur tiredness,” explains Hraci, Prfessr f Bilgy at the University f Washingtn and ne f the scientists behind the publicatin.
Accrding t him, the results are an imprtant reminder t all f us, nt just American university students, t think abut light levels and ur expsure. “Many f us live in cities with lts f artificial light, and at the same time ur lifestyle keeps us indrs during the day,” Hraci ntes. “The study demnstrates that we have t step utside — even briefly, and particularly in the mrning — t be subjected t natural light.”
8. What des paragraph 1 intend t tell us?
A. The signs f insmnia.B. The causes f insmnia.
C. The experiences f insmnia.D. The prblems f insmnia.
9. What surprised the scientists?
A. Lng hurs f daylight in Seattle’s summer.
B. The same quantity f sleep whatever the seasn.
C. The changeable sleep patterns f the participants.
D. The shrter sleeping time in winter weeknights.
10. What is the functin f paragraph 6?
A. T state anther prblem.B. T present dubt.
C. T prvide anther explanatin.D. T give evidence.
11. What des Hraci advise us t d frm the last paragraph?
A. Have enugh sleep.B. Get ut early t enjy natural light.
C. Deal with light pllutin.D. Stay indr t avid light expsure.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文,文章主要讲述美国华盛顿大学的科学家们进行的一项关于睡眠的调查,发现光线类型和暴露时长都会影响睡眠时间,最后建议人们早上去户外享受自然光的照射。
【8题详解】
段落大意题。根据第一段“Insmnia (失眠) feels like a curse fr thse left tssing and turning as they try t fall asleep. Such prblems can be nt nly upsetting, but als harmful t the brain, as revealed in last issue’s article n sleep.(对于那些在试图入睡时辗转反侧的人来说,失眠就像是一种诅咒。正如上一期关于睡眠的文章所揭示的那样,这些问题不仅会让人心烦意乱,而且对大脑有害)”可知,第一段旨在告诉我们失眠的问题,故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The data revealed that the students enjyed abut the same quantity f sleep regardless f seasns.(数据显示,无论季节如何,学生们的睡眠时间都是一样的)”和第四段中“The discvery surprised the scientists.(这一发现使科学家们大吃一惊)”以及“They expected that lng light summer evenings wuld keep the students up lnger(他们原以为漫长而明亮的夏夜会让学生们睡得更久)”可知,科学家原以为夏天学生们会睡更长时间,但数据显示学生们的睡眠时间都是一样的,这使使科学家们大吃一惊,故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。第五段中“Accrding t the scientists, the explanatin may be that…(据科学家解释,这可能是……)”解释了其中一个原因,根据第六段中“The scientists als suggest that the type f light matters very much.(科学家们还指出,光的类型也很重要)”可知,第六段是解释另一个原因,故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The study demnstrates that we have t step utside — even briefly, and particularly in the mrning — t be subjected t natural light.(这项研究表明,我们必须走出家门,哪怕只是一小会儿,尤其是在早晨,接受自然光的照射)”可知,Hraci建议我们早上去户外享受自然光的照射,故选B。
D
Are yu gd at interpreting ther peple’s emtins? Then there’s a gd chance that yu’re als gd at understanding what animals try t say.
A new Danish-Swiss study published in the pen jurnal Ryal Sciety Open Science indicates that empathetic (能共情的) peple are als gd at decding (解读) animal sunds. Other factrs als imprve yur chance f cmmunicating with animals — yu are mre likely t be animal-empathetic if yu als wrk with animals, and the ability seems t peak in thse aged 20-29 years ld, accrding t the scientists.
“Our results shw that, based n animal sunds, peple are able t tell whether an animal is agitated (焦虑不安的) r nt and whether the animal expresses psitive r negative emtins,” says behaviural bilgist Eldie Briefer frm the University f Cpenhagen’s Faculty f Science. “This is true in cnnectin with a number f different mammals. We can als see that ur ability t interpret the sunds depends n factrs such as age, first-hand knwledge f animals, and nt least hw empathetic we are twards ther peple.”
The study was based n answers frm 1024 peple acrss 48 cuntries. They were intrduced t sunds frm six mammals: gats, cattle, dmesticated hrses, Asian wild hrses, pigs, and wild bars. The sunds frm the six animals were played t the study’s respndents tgether with sunds f human nnsense (胡言乱语) prduced by actrs. Afterwards, the participants had t guess whether the sunds expressed a high r lw level f agitatin, and if the emtins were psitive r negative. Fllwing the test, the participants were asked t take an empathy test that measured their empathy twards human beings. “It is a cnvincing test which measures empathy twards ther peple,” Eldie Briefer explains. “And we saw a clear cnnectin with the ability t interpret animal sunds.”
12. Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic f the passage?
A. By stating pinins.B. By quting a saying.
C. By giving an example.D. By asking a questin.
13. Wh might be best at understanding animal emtins based n the study?
A. A 15-year-ld hard-wrking student.B. A 25-year-ld caring animal raiser.
C. A29-year-ld experienced hunter.D. A 30-year-ld friendly teacher.
14. What des Eldie Briefer think f the test invlved?
A. Dubtful.B. Reliable.C. Ineffective.D. Disappinting.
15. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Human empathy extends t animalsB. Emtin interpretatin helps animals
C. Sund interpretatin depends n agesD. Emtin expressin prtects animals
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究表明有同理心的人也擅长解码动物的声音。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Are yu gd at interpreting ther peple’s emtins? Then there’s a gd chance that yu’re als gd at understanding what animals try t say.(你善于解读别人的情绪吗?那么很有可能你也很擅长理解动物想说什么。)”接下来第二段讲述文章的主题“A new Danish-Swiss study published in the pen jurnal Ryal Sciety Open Science indicates that empathetic (能共情的) peple are als gd at decding (解读) animal sunds.(发表在开放期刊《皇家学会开放科学》上的一项丹麦——瑞士联合研究表明,有同理心的人也擅长解码动物的声音。)”可知,作者通过提问来引出文章的主题。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Other factrs als imprve yur chance f cmmunicating with animals — yu are mre likely t be animal-empathetic if yu als wrk with animals, and the ability seems t peak in thse aged 20-29 years ld, accrding t the scientists.(其他因素也会增加你与动物交流的机会——如果你也和动物一起工作,你更有可能具有动物同理心,而且这种能力似乎在20-29岁的人身上达到顶峰。)”可知,一个25岁的有爱心的动物饲养员可能最能理解动物的情绪。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““It is a cnvincing test which measures empathy twards ther peple,” Eldie Briefer explains. “And we saw a clear cnnectin with the ability t interpret animal sunds.”(Eldie Briefer解释说:“这是一个令人信服的测试,可以衡量对他人的同理心。”“我们发现这与解释动物声音的能力有明显的联系。”)”可知,Eldie Briefer认为测试是可靠的。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第二段“A new Danish-Swiss study published in the pen jurnal Ryal Sciety Open Science indicates that empathetic (能共情的) peple are als gd at decding (解读) animal sunds. (发表在开放期刊《皇家学会开放科学》上的一项丹麦-瑞士联合研究表明,有同理心的人也擅长解码动物的声音)”可知,文章主要讲述的是有同理心的人也擅长解码动物的声音,A项:Human empathy extends t animals(人类的同理心也延伸到了动物身上)合乎题意。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The wrld cntinues t struggle with extreme heatwaves, which are becming even mre regular thanks t climate change. ____16____ Researchers have fund that by wearing apprpriate clthes, it is pssible t save cnsiderable energy, bth saving mney and cutting greenhuse gas emissins. S what shuld yu wear?
When it cmes t clur, mst peple wear white in summer, because white reflects the sun’s rays, rather than absrb the light. ____17____ When that heat frm ur bdies hits the white clthing, it is reflected back at us. A study f why Beduins, wh live in desert regins in the Arabian peninsula, Middle East and Nrth Africa wear black rbes (袍服) in the desert, fund that heat expsure was the same whether they wre black r white rbes.
Hw is that pssible? Black clured fabrics absrb heat cming frm the bdy, which plays a rle in cling yur bdy dwn. ____18____ The clthes heat up the space between the fabric and the skin, prmting an upward air current-like a chimney-and prviding cling relief. ____19____
In terms f material, it’s better t have fabrics that allw water vapur (蒸气) t pass thrugh Cttn absrbs misture but it desn’t dry quickly, s if yu’re sweating a lt yur clthes will stay wet. ____20____ Linen is widely wrn as it has excellent breath ability due t its large fibres, but like cttn it is slw t dry. Merin wl has been a ppular chice fr utdr enthusiasts as it’s breathable.
Therefre, it turns ut that picking an utfit t stay cl is mre cmplex than simply thrwing n a white T-shirt. But the right fabric and apprpriate fit wrk.
A. It means cttn des nt d s great with this.
B. Cttn is cnsidered as the mst cmfrtable material.
C. The clthing we wear is a vital cmpnent in hw we stay cl.
D. S the fit f the clthing is actually mre imprtant than the clur.
E. S if yu are cnsidering what t wear, then stick with white T-shirt.
F. Hwever, heat desn’t just cme frm the sun — it cmes frm ur bdies t.
G. The Beduin’s secret is wearing lse-fitting black clthing, especially if it’s windy.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了衣服的材质、合身度、颜色对穿着凉爽的影响。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The wrld cntinues t struggle with extreme heatwaves, which are becming even mre regular thanks t climate change. (世界继续与极端热浪作斗争,由于气候变化,极端热浪变得更加频繁)”以及后文“Researchers have fund that by wearing apprpriate clthes, it is pssible t save cnsiderable energy, bth saving mney and cutting greenhuse gas emissins. S what shuld yu wear?(研究人员发现,通过穿着合适的衣服,可以节省大量能源,既省钱又减少温室气体排放。那么你应该穿什么呢?)”可知,上文提到了极端热浪天气,后文则提到了合适的衣服,可知本句是在说明衣服和保持凉爽之间的关系。故C选项“我们穿的衣服是保持凉爽的重要因素”符合语境,故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“When it cmes t clur, mst peple wear white in summer, because white reflects the sun’s rays, rather than absrb the light.(说到颜色,大多数人在夏天穿白色,因为白色会反射阳光,而不是吸收阳光)”以及后文“When that heat frm ur bdies hits the white clthing, it is reflected back at us. A study f why Beduins, wh live in desert regins in the Arabian peninsula, Middle East and Nrth Africa wear black rbes (袍服) in the desert, fund that heat expsure was the same whether they wre black r white rbes.(当我们身体的热量接触到白色衣服时,它会反射回我们身上。一项关于为什么居住在阿拉伯半岛、中东和北非沙漠地区的贝都因人在沙漠中穿黑袍的研究发现,无论他们穿黑袍还是白袍,接触的热量都是一样的)”可知,上文提到了白色反光,后文则提到了当我们身体的热量接触到白色衣服时,它会反射回我们身上,说明热量也来自于身体。故F选项“然而,热量不仅来自太阳,也来自我们的身体”符合语境,故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Hw is that pssible? Black clured fabrics absrb heat cming frm the bdy, which plays a rle in cling yur bdy dwn.(这怎么可能呢?黑色的布料会吸收来自身体的热量,起到降温的作用)”以及后文“The clthes heat up the space between the fabric and the skin, prmting an upward air current-like a chimney-and prviding cling relief.(这种衣服加热了织物和皮肤之间的空间,促进了向上的气流,就像烟囱一样,并提供了凉爽的缓解)”可知,本句主要是在说明穿某种衣服可以保持凉爽,G选项中lse-fitting black clthing对应后文The clthes。故G选项“贝都因人的秘密是穿着宽松的黑色衣服,尤其是在刮风的时候”符合语境,故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“The clthes heat up the space between the fabric and the skin, prmting an upward air current-like a chimney-and prviding cling relief.(这种衣服加热了织物和皮肤之间的空间,促进了向上的气流,就像烟囱一样,并提供了凉爽的缓解)”可知,上文提到了衣服和皮肤之间空间的大小会影响穿着的温度,即合身度的重要性。故D选项“所以衣服的合身度实际上比颜色更重要”符合语境,故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“In terms f material, it’s better t have fabrics that allw water vapur (蒸气) t pass thrugh Cttn absrbs misture but it desn’t dry quickly, s if yu’re sweating a lt yur clthes will stay wet.(在面料方面,最好选择能让水蒸气通过的面料。棉质吸收水分,但不会很快干,所以如果你出汗很多,你的衣服就会保持潮湿)”可知,上文提到了棉质会吸收水分,你的衣服就会保持潮湿,说明棉花不利于透气和保持凉爽,故A选项“这意味着棉花在这方面做得不太好。”符合语境,故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
KATHY XU, a high schl teacher, had always wanted t see a shark in the wild. The ____21____ finally came in 2011, when she went n a snrkelling (浮潜) trip t the Ningal Reef. Instead f being ____22____ f the whale shark, she was inspired by its ____23____ and grace.
Xu later learned abut the shark trade in the village f Tanjung Luar. Curius, Xu ____24____ the village. She spke with several fishermen. Shark fishing is ____25____ and invlves hard physical wrk, but it’s ne f few ways t ____26____ their families.
Once the fishermen heard Xu liked snrkelling. they urged her t visit the cral reefs (珊瑚礁) nearby. The reefs were ____27____, alive with life and clur. Xu was cnfident that snrkelling bat trip was the ____28____ — a way the fishermen culd make a living withut risking catching sharks.
In late 2012, Xu ____29____ her full-time teaching jb t fcus n building The Drsal Effect, an ecturism business she hped wuld ____30____ the declining shark ppulatin.
In late 2013, The Drsal Effect ____31____ its first bat trip. Snrkellers paid $120 fr a ne-day trip t ____32____ places the lcal fishermen knw abut but culd nt be fund n a Ggle search. It ____33____ a much mre reliable incme fr the fishermen.
Nw, Xu is prud f the small ____34____ happening in the village, frm the fishermen wh nw have a new way t earn an incme t the schl children wh learn abut sharks n ____35____. “I lve the beautiful sharks and decided t change the negative pinin peple have f them,” Xu says.
21. A. ideaB. pprtunityC. experienceD. hpe
22. A. fndB. ashamedC. scaredD. careful
23. A. beautyB. flexibilityC. respnsibilityD. variety
24. A. hid inB. fled tC. ran inD. headed t
25. A. riskyB. funnyC. fancyD. wrthy
26. A. prtectB. amuseC. supprtD. serve
27. A. disappintingB. cnfusingC. amazingD. bring
28. A. guidanceB. resultC. prblemD. slutin
29. A. quitB. enjyedC. cntinuedD. fund
30. A. cntrlB. ensureC. keepD. save
31. A. realizedB. launchedC. delayedD. evaluated
32. A. defendB. emptyC. designD. explre
33. A. prvidesB. preparesC. lwersD. limits
34. A. eventsB. disastersC. jysD. changes
35. A. businessB. turC. campusD. duty
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一名高中教师Kathy Xu喜欢鲨鱼,后来,她了解到捕鲨的渔民是为了生计,她决定成立一家生态旅游企业去解决渔民的生计问题,从而保护鲨鱼的数量。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:2011年,机会终于来了,那时候她去宁格鲁礁(Ningal Reef)浮潜。A. idea主意;B. pprtunity机会;C. experience经验;D. hpe希望。根据前文“KATHY XU, a high schl teacher, had always wanted t see a shark in the wild.”可知,她一直想看野外的鲨鱼,所以此处应是机会来了。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她没有害怕鲸鲨,而是被它的美丽和优雅所鼓舞。A. fnd喜欢的;B. ashamed羞愧;C. scared害怕的;D. careful小心。根据后文“whale shark”结合选项和常识可知,常人遇到鲸鲨是感到害怕的。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:她没有害怕鲸鲨,而是被它的美丽和优雅所鼓舞。A. beauty美丽;B. flexibility灵活性;C. respnsibility责任;D. variety不同种类。根据后文“and grace”可知,空处和grace并列,根据选项,应是“beauty美丽”符合语境。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:出于好奇,徐向村子走去。A. hid in藏起来;B. fled t逃到;C. ran in磨合;D. headed t前往。根据后文“She spke with several fishermen.”可知,她和几个渔民谈过,所以是前往村子。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:捕鲨是有风险的,需要做艰苦的体力劳动,但这是为数不多的养家糊口的方式之一。A. risky有风险的;B. funny有趣的;C. fancy昂贵的;D. wrthy值得的。根据后文文“a way the fishermen culd make a living withut risking catching sharks.”可知,捕鲨是有风险的。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:捕鲨是有风险的,需要做艰苦的体力劳动,但这是为数不多的养家糊口的方式之一。A. prtect防护;B. amuse娱乐;C. supprt养活;支持;D. serve服务。根据后文“a way the fishermen culd make a living withut risking catching sharks.”可知,渔民捕鲨是为了生计,所以是supprt their families意为“养家”符合语境。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:珊瑚礁是惊奇的,充满了生命和色彩。A. disappinting令人失望的;B. cnfusing令人困惑;C. amazing令人大为惊奇的;D. bring没趣的。根据后文“alive with life and clur.”可知,充满了生命和色彩,是令人大为惊奇的。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:徐相信浮潜船之旅是解决问题办法,这是一种渔民可以在不冒着捕获鲨鱼的风险的情况下谋生的方式。A. guidance指导;B. result后果;C. prblem问题;D. slutin解决方案。根据后文“a way the fishermen culd make a living withut risking catching sharks.”可知,是一种办法。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:2012年底,徐辞去了全职教师的工作,专注于建立生态旅游企业The Drsal Effect,她希望借此挽救不断减少的鲨鱼数量。A. quit辞职;退出;B. enjyed享受;C. cntinued持续;D. fund找到。根据后文“t fcus n building The Drsal Effect, an ecturism business”可知,她建立生态旅游企业,所以是辞去了全职教师的工作。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:2012年底,徐辞去了全职教师的工作,专注于建立生态旅游企业The Drsal Effect,她希望借此挽救不断减少的鲨鱼数量。A. cntrl控制;B. ensure确保;C. keep保持;D. save挽救。根据前文“In late 2012, Xu 9 her full-time teaching jb t fcus n building The Drsal Effect, an ecturism business”结合前文内容可知,徐认为,如果能开发浮潜船之旅的话,渔民就不用去捕鲨,从而挽救不断减少的鲨鱼数量。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:2013年底,The Drsal Effect推出了第一次乘船旅行。A. realized认识到;B. launched发行;C. delayed延迟;D. evaluated评价。根据后文“Snrkellers paid $120 fr a ne-day trip t 12 places the lcal fishermen knw abut but culd nt be fund n a Ggle search.”可知,潜水者支付120美元,进行为期一天的旅行,所以应是推出了第一次乘船旅行。故选B项。
32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:潜水者支付120美元,进行为期一天的旅行,探索当地渔民知道但在谷歌搜索中找不到的地方。A. defend保护;B. empty腾空;C. design设计;D. explre探索。根据后文“places the lcal fishermen knw abut but culd nt be fund n a Ggle search.”可知,当地渔民知道但在谷歌搜索中找不到的地方,应该是去探索。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:它为渔民提供了更可靠的收入。A. prvides提供;B. prepares准备;C. lwers降低;D. limits限制。根据后文“much mre reliable incme fr the fishermen.”结合选项和前文内容可知,应是“提供了更可靠的收入”符合语境。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在,徐为村里发生的小变化感到自豪,从渔民现在有了新的收入来源,到学生们在旅游中了解了鲨鱼。A. events重要事情;B. disasters灾害;C. jys喜悦;D. changes变化。根据后文“frm the fishermen wh nw have a new way t earn an incme t the schl children wh learn abut sharks n 15 .”可知,渔民现在有了新的收入来源,学生们可以在旅游中了解了鲨鱼,所以是带来了改变。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在,徐为村里发生的小变化感到自豪,从渔民现在有了新的收入来源,到学生们在旅游中了解了鲨鱼。A. business商业;B. tur旅游;C. campus校园;D. duty责任。根据前文“Xu 9 her full-time teaching jb t fcus n building The Drsal Effect, an ecturism business”可知,徐建立的生态旅游企业,所以是学生在旅游中了解了鲨鱼。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A fdie paradise blessed with fresh lcal prduce, Wuzhen ffers a wide variety f traditinal Chinese dishes allwing turists t sink their ____36____ (tth) int the muth-watering experiences.
The ancient water twn is a ppular turist destinatin ____37____ nearly seven millin visitrs walking thrugh its streets and bridges each year. Mst peple explre the picturesque landscape f the time-hnred twn ____38____ (enjy) the traditinal flk custms, ancient residential huses, wrkshps and stres. But they shuld never miss the ____39____ (taste) dishes in Wuzhen.
Rice is cnsidered t be essential t Wuzhen’s lcal snacks, Dingsheng cake tpping the list. It is usually stuffed with red bean paste and sweetly scented smanthus (桂花) making it chewy in texture and ____40____ (delicate) sweet, but nt greasy (油腻的). The lcal dessert is ____41____ symbl f victry as its name includes a pun n the Chinese wrd fr “invincibility” (无敌). Legend (传说) says riginally it ____42____ (make) t encurage sldiers in the war r students wh set ut t take the imperial examinatin (科举考试). ____43____ (prepare) several steamers full f sugary, sft but chewy Dingsheng cakes was a way t wish them success.
____44____ makes Wuzhen stand ut is the cmbinatin f culture and lcal cuisine. Different kinds f restaurants can be fund at almst every cmer n streets. Whether taking bat trips n the canal _____45_____ just explring the narrw streets f the twn, the travel experience in Wuzhen is guaranteed t be as impressive as its histry.
【答案】36. teeth
37. with 38. t enjy
39. tasty 40. delicately
41. a 42. was made
43. Preparing
44. What 45. r
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旅游胜地乌镇。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意:乌镇是一个美食天堂,拥有新鲜的当地农产品,提供各种传统的中国菜肴,让游客沉浸在令人垂涎的体验中。空处需填名词作宾语,tth,牙齿,是可数名词,结合“their”可知,此处需填名词复数形式。故填teeth。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意:这座古老的水乡是一个受欢迎的旅游胜地,每年有近700万游客穿过它的街道和桥梁。根据“nearly seven millin visitrs”可知,此处意为“有将近700万游客”,表示“具有”应用介词with。故填with。
【38题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意:大多数人会到这个风景如画的古镇来欣赏传统的民俗、古老的民居、作坊和商店。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词explre,空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填t enjy。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意:但他们绝对不应该错过乌镇的美味佳肴。修饰名词dishes需用形容词tasty,作定语。故填tasty。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意:它通常塞满了红豆沙和桂花,质地有嚼劲,甜甜的,但不油腻。修饰形容词sweet需用副词delicately作状语。故填delicately。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意:当地的甜点是胜利的象征,因为它的名字中包含了汉语“无敌”的双关语。symbl为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且symbl发音以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a修饰,a symbl f为固定搭配,意为“……的象征”。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意:传说它最初是为了鼓励战争中的士兵或准备参加科举考试的学生。says后面为省略了that的宾语从句,从句缺少谓语,此处陈述过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时,it和make为被动关系,需用被动语态,主语it为第三人称单数,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was made。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:准备了几个装满糖、软但有嚼劲的定盛蛋糕的蒸笼,是祝愿他们成功的一种方式。分析句子结构可知,谓语动词是was,空处需填动名词作主语,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Preparing。
【44题详解】
考查主语从句。句意:乌镇的突出之处在于文化与当地美食的结合。空处引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,指物,需用连接代词what引导,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填What。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意:无论是在运河上乘船游览,还是在镇上狭窄的街道上探索,乌镇的旅行体验一定会像它的历史一样令人印象深刻。whether…r…为固定搭配,表示“不管……还是……”。故填r。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华,你校刚举办一年一度的运动会,请你向你校英语报运动栏目投稿,介绍本次校运会中你最喜爱的运动员。内容包括:
1. 运动会上的表现;
2. 喜欢的理由。
注意:1. 词数80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My favrite schl athlete
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My favrite schl athlete
Zhang Wei is my favrite athlete, wh is nt nly an excellent student but a talented athlete.
During ur annual sprts meeting, Zhang Wei made remarkable achievements. He wn the first place in the 100-meter race and the lng jump, breaking the schl recrd.
What I admire mst abut him is his persistence and dedicatin. Despite his heavy academic burden, he never neglects his training. His spirit f never giving up and striving fr the best has greatly inspired me.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇说明文。要求考生介绍自己最喜欢的学校运动员,内容包含:1.运动会上的表现;2.喜欢的理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
优秀的:excellent→utstanding
敬佩:admire→shw respect fr
尽管:despite→in spite f
激励:inspire→mtivate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:His spirit f never giving up and striving fr the best has greatly inspired me.
拓展句:What has greatly inspired me is his spirit f never giving up and striving fr the best.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Zhang Wei is my favrite athlete, wh is nt nly an excellent student but a talented athlete.(运用了wh引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
What I admire mst abut him is his persistence and dedicatin.(运用了what引导主语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Emily was a shy girl wh ften preferred the cmfrt f her wn cmpany. She fund it challenging t express herself and lacked cnfidence in her abilities. Hwever, her best friend Ada always believed in her and encuraged her t step ut f her cmfrt zne.
One day, as Emily sat in her art class, her teacher, Mrs. Andersn, annunced an upcming art cmpetitin. The cmpetitin shwcased the talents f students frm varius schls in the city. The rm buzzed with excitement. Her mind flashed back t her bedrm where impressive artwrk was displayed n the walls, each piece seemingly mre attractive than the last. Emily’s heart skipped a beat at the thught f participating, but her shyness held her back. Self-dubt crept in, whispering that her wrk wuldn’t measure up t the talent surrunding her. Emily wndered if she had made a mistake by even cnsidering entering.
Ada, nticing Emily’s excitement and fear, whispered, “Emily, yu shuld ttally enter the cmpetitin! Yur art is fantastic, and this culd be a great pprtunity fr yu t shwcase yur talent.”
Emily hesitated fr a mment, cntemplating (思忖) Ada’s wrds. A gentle breeze (微风) wafted thrugh the pen windws, carrying the distant sunds f laughter and chatter frm utside. Emily clsed her eyes, trying t calm her racing thughts. She reminded herself f the cuntless hurs she had spent hning (磨炼) her craft, the late nights and early mrnings dedicated t perfecting her technique. She had pured her heart and sul int her art, and this cmpetitin was a chance t shwcase her passin t a wider audience.
With a deep breath, she finally gathered the curage t apprach Mrs. Andersn after class. “Mrs. Andersn, I’m interested in participating in the art design cmpetitin,” Emily said, her vice slightly trembling. Mrs. Andersn smiled warmly, recgnizing Emily’s ptential. “That’s wnderful, Emily! I think it’s abut time yu shuld share yur incredible talent with the wrld. I’ll prvide yu with all the guidance and supprt yu need.”
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Over the fllwing weeks, Emily dedicated herself t creating her masterpiece.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On the day f the cmpetitin. Emily nervusly displayed her artwrk alngside the ther cmpetitrs.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Over the fllwing weeks, Emily dedicated herself t creating her masterpiece. Eyes fcused n painting, she spent cuntless hurs sketching, painting, and perfecting her piece, puring her heart and sul int it. When she met prblems, Mrs. Andersn ffered valuable and cnstructive advice while Ada cntinuusly encuraged her t push thrugh her dubts. With the cmpetitin appraching, Emily’s anxiety grew, but she remained determined t vercme her self-dubts and fears. Her artwrk, a breathtaking landscape painting, captured the essence f nature’s beauty and well represented the change f her feelings.
On the day f the cmpetitin, Emily nervusly displayed her artwrk alngside the ther cmpetitrs. Emily’s heart raced as the judges evaluated each piece. Finally, the mment f truth arrived. “The winner f the cmpetitin is... Emily!” the judge annunced. Emily’s eyes widened in disbelief. She had wn the champinship! Her heart was filled with jy and a newfund sense f cnfidence. The applause frm the audience eched in her ears as she accepted her award with gratitude fr Mrs. Andersn’s and Ada’s unwavering supprt and encuragement.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了艾米丽是一个害羞的女孩,对自己的能力缺乏信心。朋友艾达鼓励艾米丽参加学校的艺术比赛,艾米丽鼓起勇气报名了。经过全身心的创作,在朋友艾达的鼓励下,艾米丽的作品赢得了冠军,艾米丽充满了喜悦和一种新的自信。
【详解】1.段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“在接下来的几个星期里,艾米丽全身心地投入到创作她的杰作中”可知,第一段可描写艾米丽创作的经过以及朋友的鼓励。
②由第二段首句内容“比赛当天,艾米丽紧张地和其他参赛者一起展示她的作品”可知,第二段可描写艾米丽比赛的结果以及感悟。
2.续写线索:投入创作——老师和朋友指导和鼓励——焦虑——展示作品——赢得冠军——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
投入:dedicate neself t/cmmit neself t
遇到:meet/cme acrss
充满:be filled with/be full f
情绪类
宝贵:valuable /precius
快乐:jy /happiness
【点睛】[高分句型1] When she met prblems, Mrs. Andersn ffered valuable and cnstructive advice while Ada cntinuusly encuraged her t push thrugh her dubts. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] With the cmpetitin appraching, Emily’s anxiety grew, but she remained determined t vercme her self-dubts and fears. (运用了with的复合结构)
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