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    八年级上册外研版英语同步讲义第7讲:Module 4Planes, ships and trains 词汇篇

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    这是一份八年级上册外研版英语同步讲义第7讲:Module 4Planes, ships and trains 词汇篇,共12页。

    Module 4 词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟练掌握本模块基础的单词,短语,句子。一、重点词汇  ​except  · ​原文再现  But nobody was late, except me.  但除了我,没有别人迟到。· ​基本用法  except  prep. 除…之外,可用于句首。  Everyone went to the movies except me.  除我以外,大家都去看了电影。​· 知识拓展--词义辨析:besides/except/except for  这三个介词或者短语都可以表示“除了…”的意思,区别如下:  1. except仅表示“除了…”,排除在外。  She can do everything except cook.  除了做饭之外她什么都会。  2. besides表示“除了…还有…”的意思,表示包含在内。  Besides milk and cheese, we need vegetables.  除了牛奶和干酪外,我们还需要蔬菜。  3. except for表示“除了…”,except for后接的词同句子中的整体词(主语)不是同类的,指从整体中除去一个细节,一个方面;而except后接的词同整体词(主语)一般是同类,指在同类的整体中除去一个部分。​  Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.  公共汽车上要不是坐了一位老太太就是空的。​  close  · 原文再现  Her home is the closest to school, so she walks.  她家离学校最近,所以她走路。· 基本用法  close  adj. 紧密的,亲近的  be/get close to意为:接近...  Don't get close to the burning building, or you'll get hurt.  不要靠近起火的大楼,否则你会受伤的。  close  adv. 接近地  close to 意为:挨近...  Peter lives close to our school.  彼得住在学校附近。​​  journey  · ​原文再现  How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel?  旅程花费多长时间,最佳旅行方式是什么?· ​基本用法  1. journey  n. 旅行;旅程  The journey was not as nice as we had expected.  旅途不像我们预想的那样好。​  2. journey  v. 旅行  He wished to journey round the world.  他希望周游世界。· 知识拓展--词义辨析:journey/tour/travel/trip/voyage  1. journey指从一地到另一地,通常指陆地上的远距离“旅行”,有时也可以表示经常走的或长或短的“路程”。  I took a journey from Beijing to Shanghai last year.  我去年从北京到上海旅行。  2. voyage主要指远距离的水上旅行,也可以指空中旅行,意思为“航海、航空、航行”等。  She usually gets seasick during the voyage.  她通常在海上会晕船。  3. trip 一般指时间短、距离近的“旅行、远足”,也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中可代替journey。只作名词。  I will be on a trip to / journey to the south next summer holiday.  明年暑假我将去南方旅行。  4. tour 着重指旅行线路比较曲折,常表示“(周游各地的)参观、访问、(巡回)旅游、视察、购物、演出”等意思。可作动词和名词。  I will tour the world in the future.  将来我要环游世界。  5. travel作“旅行、游历”解,一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。  At present, many people are fond of travel in their spare time.​  现在,很多人喜欢空余时间去旅行。  ​book  · ​原文再现  Book your ticket before you book your hotel.  在订旅馆前订票。· ​基本用法  1. book  v. 预定(过去式: booked  过去分词: booked  现在分词: booking  第三人称单数: books)  ​I'll book you on a direct flight to London.  我将为你预订直飞伦敦的航班。​  2. book  n. 书,其复数形式为:books。  ​park  · ​原文再现  Remember that parking in Amsterdam is very expensive…  记住在阿姆斯特丹停车收费是很贵的…· ​基本用法  1. park  v. 停放(车);泊(车)(过去式:parked  过去分词:parked  现在分词:parking 第三人称单数:parks)  You are not allowed to park here.  此处不准停车。​  2. park  n. 公园  ​cost  · ​原文再现  However, it will not cost as much as going by train.  然而,它的花费不如坐火车多。· ​基本用法  1. cost  v. 花费  其主语一定是物或某种活动。(过去式: cost  过去分词: cost  现在分词: costing  第三人称单数: costs)  How much do the vegetables cost?  这些蔬菜值多少钱?  2. cost  n. 费用;成本;代价  We have to sum up the costs of production.  我们得计算一下生产成本。​· 知识拓展--词义辨析:spend/take/pay/cost  1. spend的主语必须是人,常用于以下结构:  (1) spend time/money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。  I spent two hours on this maths problem.  这道数学题花了我两个小时。  (2) spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。  They spent two years (in) building this bridge.  造这座桥花了他们两年时间。  2. cost的主语是物或某种活动,常见用法如下:   (1) sth. costs (sb.) +money. 某物花了(某人)多少钱。  A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。  (2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +time. 某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。  Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.  他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。  3. take常用于以下结构:It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。  It took them three years to build this road.  他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。  4. pay的基本用法是: pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买…  I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.  我每个月要付20英磅的房租。二、重点句型​  What happened?    发生什么事了?· 基本用法  happen 意为:发生,其用法如下:  1. sth happen 意为:某事发生  What might happen next?  接下来会发生什么?​  2. sth happen to sb 意为:某人发生了某事  If anything happens to the machine, please let me know.  要是机器出了毛病,请告诉我。​  3. happen to do sth意为:碰巧做某事  We happened to discover we had a friend in common.  我们凑巧发现我们有一个共同的朋友。​  It is the fastest and the second cheapest, but you may have to wait for hours    at the airport because of bad weather.    这是最快也是第二便宜的方式,但是由于糟糕的天气你可能会在机场等几个小时。· 基本用法  本句中cheapest为最高级,前有序数词修饰。“the+序数词+最高级”表示:第几大/长....  Tom is the third tallest student in the class.Who are the first and second tallest ones?  汤姆身高名列班级第三,第一第二是谁呢?(   ) 1. He had considered everything _________ the weather. A.except B. besidesC. but   D. or(   ) 2. The Yellow River is the _______ longest river in China.A.two    B. first  C. second       D. Twos(   ) 3.The journey from London to Oxford ________ about an hour and a half. A.costs B. takes C. pays D. Spends(   ) 4. Lynn _______ two hours on her homework.cost    B. takeC. spent     D. pay(   ) 5. - Tom , you looks upset ? ________ -I failed the English test.  Never mind.   B.what happens to you ?    C. What wrong?       D. What’s matter? 单项选择。1. —______do the twins go to Beijing?—______bus. A.How;By B.What;Take C.How;Take D.What;By2. Alice’s new house is close______Bill’s.A.between B.among C.to D.with3. It takes me two weeks______reading the book.A.finish   B.to finish   C.finishing   D.finished4. The plane goes______London______Beijing in nine hours and a half.A.in;to B.on;to C.to;from D.from;to5. Excuse me, I want to ________ two seats for the theatre for Saturday evening. A. forget              B. pass          C. find                   D. book6. The sweater ________ me 500 yuan. I liked it very much. A.used                  B. paid    C. cost                D. Spent7. —What’s the comfortable way to travel from your home town to Beijing? —_________. A. Three hours              B. Don’t worry C. It’s the cheapest        D. By train                8. —_________? —I can’t find my train ticket. A. Why                           B. What happened   C. What about you        D. How are you9.—The girls are talking about the art festival_____. (2013温州) —Yes. They have so many fun things to share.easily B. angrily C. sadly D. happily10. All the questions are easy ______ the last one .or B. beside C. besides D. except二. 完形填空。  先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Now people like to travel all over the world if they are free. The fastest way of travelling is by   1  . But plane tickets are very expensive. Travelling by train is   2   than by plane, but it is cheaper. Modern trains have    3  seats and dining cars (餐车). They   4   the trip happier. Some   5   like to travel by ship. There are large ships. Ships are not so   6    as trains or planes, but travelling by ship is a(n)   7   way to spend a holiday.Many people have a car. They like to travel by car. They can make   8   own  timetable (自己的时间表). They  9   travel to any place they like. They can stop if they want. That is    10  travelling by car is popular. (  )1. A. coach               B. train        C. underground            D. plane(  )2. A. hotter            B. easier        C. slower               D. worse(  )3. A. noisy           B. comfortable  C. strange                 D. traditional(  )4. A. think          B. keep       C. make               D. find (  )5. A. teachers       B. workers     C. students             D. people(  )6. A. fast            B. good       C. clean               D. small(  )7. A. interesting     B. bad         C. safe                D. difficult(  )8. A. his              B. their        C. her                D. its(  )9. A. must          B. can         C. should                   D. need(  )10. A. when             B. how         C. why                D. where __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一.阅读理解。AI was in a strange (陌生的) town. I didn’t know anyone, and I could not speak a word of the language. On the second day, I got on a bus. After riding for a few stops, I got off and walked on. I felt happy enough (足够地) in the first three hours, then I decided to walk back to my hotel for lunch. After walking around for half an hour, I thought I should ask the way. The problem was that I only knew the name of the street and I pronounced it badly. I stopped to ask a newspaper seller. He gave me a piece of paper. I shook my head and said the name of the street again. But he gave me another piece. I had to give him some money and went on my way. Then I met a policeman and asked the way. He listened to me carefully. He said something and pointed left and right and left again. I thanked him and began walking in the direction (方向) he pointed.About an hour later, I found the houses became fewer and fewer. I came to the countryside! The only thing for me to do was to find the nearest train station.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。(  )1. The writer got on a bus ________ on the second day. A. in the morning                 B. in the eveningC. after lunch                        D. before dinner(  )2. The newspaper seller gave the writer ________ piece(s) of paper.one               B. two       C. three                  D. four (  )3. What was the writer’s problem?A. He was poor.                   B. He was busy.C. He didn’t know the language.D. He didn’t ask the right person.(  )4. In the end, the writer had to go back to his hotel ________. A. by bike                          B. by bus        C. by train                       D. by subway(  )5. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The writer arrived at his home.B. The writer enjoyed the countryside life.C. The writer got to his hotel with the policeman’s help.D. The writer found he was farther away from his hotel.BTravelling is very interesting. Many people love travelling. There are many ways to travel: by plane, by train, by ship or by car. Everyone has their favourite way.Greg:My favourite way of travelling is by car. I can bring my pet (宠物) dog along. I can travel three hundred miles (英里) or only fifty miles a day. I can stop at a good restaurant to enjoy a good meal or at a hotel to spend the night. Eliza:I love travelling by train best! It’s very exciting. I travelled most of Europe in 5 months by train. It’s the best way to talk with the local (当地的) people and make new friends on the way. Trains make even the longest trip enjoyable. The train ride to me is just like a big moving party.I also like travelling by ship. It is a very great way to spend a holiday. I can go to parties and watch movies on the ship, and enjoy the blue sky and water.Danny:Planes are my favourite. It’s the fastest way of travelling. I can quickly get to another country. Planes have very comfortable seats. I can have something to drink and eat. I can also read some free magazines and newspapers.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。(  )6. How many ways of travelling are mentioned in the passage?Three.              B. Four.  C. Five.                D. Six. (  )7. Greg loves travelling ________ best. by ship            B. by car         C. by train               D. by plane(  )8. What does Eliza think of travelling by train?Comfortable.         B. Slow.         C. Boring.                D. Exciting. (  )9. Danny likes travelling by plane because ________.A. he likes planes very muchB. he can make new friends C. it’s the fastest way D. he likes the blue sky(  )10. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Greg hopes to bring his pet dog along when travelling. B. Eliza thinks the car ride is just like a moving party. C. Eliza travelled most of Europe by ship.D. Danny often sleeps when travelling. 短文填空A storm dropped heavy rains on central and southern parts of china. The radio says that___1_____ the Xiangjiang River in Hunan, flood caused by terrible___2______in the past weeks killed 25 people and 13 others were missing. The Chinese government warned some parts in Yunnan and the city of Chongqing of possible heavy rains over the____3_____few days. In Changsha, water levers rose to 38 meters early Monday morning about 3 meters _____4_____ the danger life. In Guangdong, at ______5______21 people have been killed, while three were____6_____hurt and 7 went missing_______7___ heavy floods hit northern parts by Saturday. The cities of Shaoguan ,Meizhou and Heyuan_____8______hardest hit and many people were left homeless( 无家可归 ). A bout 620 million yuan has been lost in the floods. The local government of Guangdong has sent something_____9______to Meizhou, Heyuan and Shaoguan to help people who had lost homes build their _____10______again.1_________  2_____________ 3_____________  4____________  5_____________6_________  7_____________ 8_____________  9____________  10_____________三.回答问题According to a new report, 73 percent of Chinese travellers would like to visit Britain if they have a chance. And London was the most popular city among travellers from China. An average of 144,000 Chinese visitors visited London between 2004 and 2018, compared to 35,000 in Edinburgh every year. Other hot cities were Manchester, Cambridge, and Oxford.More than 250,000 holidaymakers from China spent more than 500,000,000 pounds in the United Kingdom last year. That number is expected to rise. Visit Britain, the UK's tourism body, said Chinese tourists visited Britain for its ancient buildings and modern culture. Buckingham Palace tops the list of the most popular places of interest in the UK with 35 percent of those surveyed saying it was on their to-do-list. The next two are Chatsworth House and Edinburgh Castle. Places that provide a bird's eye view of London are also popular. The Shard and London Eye are on many people's visiting lists. The report read: "They are mostly interested in symbolic elements: the Royal Family, Shakespeare, Sherlock Holmes, Harry Potter and Downton Abbey. The Chinese visits abroad more than doubled in five years, from about 41 million overnight stays in 2011 to 85 million in 2016. By 2020, there is thought to be 110 million trips overseas."But few are interested in the UK's traditional food. They think it's not good to eat. According to Visit Britain, fewer than one in ten said they would have fish and chips at the seaside. It noted that Chinese holidaymakers might enjoy delicious wine, cheese and milk products, dessert etc. However, many Chinese tourists would like to have Chinese food once in a while.1.Which city did most Chinese travellers visit in the UK between 2004 and 2018?2.Why did Chinese tourists choose to visit Britain according to Visit Britain?3.How many Chinese visitors went to Britain last year?4.What is the most popular place for Chinese visitors to London?5.If you have a chance to go abroad, will you choose Britain? Why or why not? 
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