2023-2024学年四川省眉山市彭山区第一中学高二上学期10月月考英语试题含答案

这是一份2023-2024学年四川省眉山市彭山区第一中学高二上学期10月月考英语试题含答案，文件包含四川省眉山市彭山区第一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题原卷版docx、四川省眉山市彭山区第一中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共44页， 欢迎下载使用。

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Hw did the man get the news?
A.The teacher tld him.
B.He gt the news frm an email.
C.He was infrmed by the wman.
2.When will the wman cme t the man’s party?
A. At 7:40 pm. B. At 8:00 pm. C. At 8:20 pm.
3.Hw will the wman prbably listen t music?
A.On the net. B. On the CD. C. On the radi.
4.What is the wman speaker like?
A.Cnsiderate. B. Understanding. C. Sprty.
5.What determined the wman’s chice f the htel?
A.The cmments. B. The fd. C. The lcatin.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
6. Hw des the man like t watch ftball matches?
A. On TV B. With ftball players C. On live sprts field
7. What des the man think exciting fr live ftball matches?
A. The atmsphere B. Ftball fans C. Ftball sngs
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
8. What happened t the wman?
A. She left her handbag n the bus.
B. She missed the N.22 bus yesterday.
C. She didn't find City Bus Cmpany.
9. What did the man tell the wman?
A. They didn't find anything like that.
B. Smene fund it and gave it t them.
C. It was certain that smene tk it away.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
10. Wh is Sptty?
A. The man’s little brther.
B. human wh isn’t liked by the man.
C. A dg belnging t the by’s family.
11. What des the man think f Sptty?
A. He likes him. B. He dislikes him. C. He appreciates him.
12. What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A. Sptty will nt be in the family picture.
B. Sptty will be in the family picture with a hat.
C. Sptty will be in the family picture with n hat.
听下面一段长对话，回答小题。
13. What are the tw speakers talking abut?
A. Fds and activities.
B. Fds that they dn’t like.
C. Activities r things they dn’t like t d.
14. What’s the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Bss and wrker B. Teacher and student. C. Interviewer and interviewee.
15. What can we learn abut the wman?
A. She prefers washing dishes t mwing the lawn.
B. She prefers mwing the lawn t washing dishes.
C. She likes bth mwing the lawn and washing dishes.
16. What des the man think f cking?
A. He likes cking. B. He dislikes cking. C. He desn’t mind cking
听下面一段独白，回答小题。
17. What kind f peple are “early birds”?
A. The peple getting up arund 5:00 r 6:00 am.
B. The peple ging t bed arund 9.00 r 10.00 pm.
C. The peple ging t bed arund 10:00 r 1:00 pm.
18. When d mst teenagers g t bed?
A. Arund 9:00 pm. B. Arund 10:00 pm. C. Arund midnight r later.
19. Hw many teenagers sleep enugh?
A. One-fifth. B. Tw-fifths. C. One-furth
20. What are night wls better at?
A. Getting grades in schl. B. Sme intelligence tests. C. Getting gd jbs.
第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
We are King’s Cllege Lndn (KCL) Students’ Unin!
We have a huge range f events!
1. What is special abut Anatmy Museum Tur?
A. It will be held in the afternn.
B. It is nly fr students f certain majrs.
C. There is n limit t the number f participants.
D. Students frm ther schls shuld pay t attend it.
2. Hw much will yu pay if yu dnate 2 shirts and take 2 cats at Clthes Exchange?
A. £4.B. £2.C. £1.D. £0.
3. Which event is pen t every student free f charge?
A. Shiny Stcking.B. Anatmy Museum Tur.
C. Clthes Exchange.D. Shab-E Yalda Games Night.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦国王学院(KCL)学生会的四个活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Anatmy (解剖学) Museum Tur中的“Only fr Medical and Healthcare students – please bring yur student ID! ( 仅限医疗保健专业学生，请携带学生证!)”可知，解剖博物馆之旅特别之处在于它只针对特定专业的学生。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Clthes Exchange中的“Free Entry if yu dnate clthes in advance r n the day ! (如果你提前或当天捐赠衣服，免费入场!)”可知，如果您在服装交换中心捐赠2件衬衫和带走2件外套，您将不需要支付任何费用。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Shiny Stcking中的“Free Entry! (免费入场！)”可知，闪亮的袜子活动对所有学生免费开放。故选A。
B
Recently, a new kind f turism has sprung up in China. Called “special frces style turism”, this new kind f turism features visiting multiple scenic interests in a shrt, intense perid, mst ften n weekends. It is ppular amng cllege students, reprted China Yuth Daily.
Yu Yinghua in Shanghai Lixin University f Accunting and Finance is ne f them. The 22-year-ld started the “special frces style turism” in March after she was attracted by such experiences f Xiahngshu travel blggers. “Cnfined (限制) t the schl fr almst three years due t the pandemic, I’m hungry t take trips in my spare time,” said Yu.
Her mst recent trip was t Shanghai. Starting at 7 am, the 22-year-ld visited nine lcal attractins. “That day, I walked almst 30,000 steps,” Yu said, “Thugh it’s a bit tiring, I enjy the trip as much as day-lng trips. It still lets me have a better understanding f the cities I g t.”
Unlike Yu wh traveled in nearby cities, Chen Junjun, a dctral student at Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, CAS, likes t travel far t rid herself f academic stress. In April, the 24-year-ld tk a tw-day trip t Xi’an, Shaanxi. During her trip, she visited all the scenic sites in the city. “Juggling (同时应付) many academic respnsibilities, such a trip can bring a splash f clr (一抹亮色) t my stressful life!” said Chen.
Even s, the 24-year-ld added that such turism is nt suitable fr everyne. Chen said that it’s labr-cnsuming as visitrs have t see as many sites as pssible in an intensive (集中的) perid. T sme extent, such trips are nt flexible as lng-day trips in which yu can change yur plan as yu like. “Thus, abundant energy and a calm mind are necessary fr special frces style turism,” said Chen.
4. What can we infer abut special frces style turism frm the text?
A. It is exhausting but rewarding.
B. It is ppular with all peple in China.
C. It features visiting multiple scenic interests in a relaxing way.
D. It is flexible as lng-day trips in which yu can change yur plan as yu like.
5. Which f the fllwing is NOT the reasn why peple take t this new kind f turism?
A. It can bring relief t ur stressful life.
B. It can cntribute t learning mre abut the sites.
C. It can help save time and mney while enjying the sites better.
D. Cnfined fr almst three years due t the pandemic, peple lng t take trips.
6. If yu want t try special frces style turism, yu will prbably _______.
A. visit eight places in Beijing within ne day
B. cmmunicate with lcal peple in Chengdu
C. stay in a cmfrtable htel in Dali fr three days
D. visit tw famus places in Chngqing within ne week
7. What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. A new kind f turism has sprung up.
B. Special frces style turism is well-received wrldwide.
C. Cllege students like visiting scenic interests n weekends.
D. Cllege students challenge themselves by traveling n a tight schedule.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在中国兴起的一种新型旅游方式：特种兵式旅游。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“It is ppular amng cllege students, reprted China Yuth Daily. (据《中国青年报》报道，这在大学生中很受欢迎)”可知B项错误，这种旅游方式并不是受所有的中国人欢迎。根据第一段“Called “special frces style turism”, this new kind f turism features visiting multiple scenic interests in a shrt, intense perid, mst ften n weekends. (这种新型旅游被称为“特种兵式旅游”，其特点是在短时间内密集游览多个景点，最常见的是在周末)”可知这种新型旅游耗时短且强度大，故CD项错误。根据第三段中于滢华所说的“Thugh it’s a bit tiring, I enjy the trip as much as day-lng trips. It still lets me have a better understanding f the cities I g t. (虽然有点累，但我喜欢这次旅行，就像一整天的旅行一样。它仍然让我更好地了解我去的城市)”和第四段陈俊俊所说的“Juggling (同时应付) many academic respnsibilities, such a trip can bring a splash f clr (一抹亮色) t my stressful life! (同时承担许多学术责任，这样的旅行可以给我紧张的生活带来一抹色彩!)”可知，特种兵式旅游耗费体力，但很有回报。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段于滢华所说的“Cnfined (限制) t the schl fr almst three years due t the pandemic, I’m hungry t take trips in my spare time. (由于疫情，我在学校呆了将近三年，我渴望在业余时间去旅行)”可知D选项“Cnfined fr almst three years due t the pandemic, peple lng t take trips. (由于疫情人们被限制了近三年，大家都渴望旅行)”是原因之一。根据第三段“It still lets me have a better understanding f the cities I g t. (它仍然让我更好地了解我去的城市)”可知B选项“It can cntribute t learning mre abut the sites. (它有助于更多地了解这些景色)”符合原因。根据第四段陈俊俊所说的“Juggling (同时应付) many academic respnsibilities, such a trip can bring a splash f clr (一抹亮色) t my stressful life! (同时承担许多学术责任，这样的旅行可以给我紧张的生活带来一抹色彩!)”可知这种旅游可以缓解压力，所以A项也是理由。所以C选项不是人们选择特种兵式旅游的原因，且“save mney”未提及。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段“Called “special frces style turism”, this new kind f turism features visiting multiple scenic interests in a shrt, intense perid, mst ften n weekends. (这种新型旅游被称为“特种兵式旅游”，其特点是在短时间内密集游览多个景点，最常见的是在周末)”这种新型旅游是耗时短且强度大，所以A选项“visit eight places in Beijing within ne day. (在一天内游览北京的八个地方)”符合这种新型旅游方式。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Recently, a new kind f turism has sprung up in China. Called “special frces style turism”, this new kind f turism features visiting multiple scenic interests in a shrt, intense perid, mst ften n weekends. It is ppular amng cllege students, reprted China Yuth Daily.(最近，一种新的旅游业在中国兴起。这种新型旅游被称为“特种兵式旅游”，其特点是在短时间内密集游览多个景点，最常见的是在周末。据《中国青年报》报道，它在大学生中很受欢迎)”可知，全篇都在介绍一种很受大学生欢迎的新型的旅游方式：特种兵式旅游，这种新型旅游是耗时短且强度大，但很有回报，D“大学生们在紧张的行程中挑战自己”符合文意。故选D。
C
Heavy traffic desn’t stp big mammals like bears frm crssing highways — nr des it keep smaller creatures frm being squished (压扁) by cars. In just tw years alng ne highway in Utah mre than 100 animals were killed in traffic accidents. In the United States, there are 21 endangered species whse survival is threatened by traffic accidents.
Hwever, there’s ne way t reduce crashes between cars and animals crssing the rad: wildlife under and verpasses. Lking much like a regular verpass fr cars, but decrated with native plants, they aren’t particularly nticeable unless yu knw what yu’re lking fr. The drivers may nt be able t see the under crssings. But they’re helping cuntless species t pass the highways, frm gld mnkeys in Brazil t water vles in Lndn.
Washingtn State is ne f the latest t jin in. Building its first wildlife bridge began in 2015 ver Interstate 90 (I-90), which runs frm Seattle t Bstn. Thugh it’s just a bare set f arches nw, with native plants t be planted next year, deer and wlves are already using it. Alng with six underpasses built since 2013, these crssings are the first in a set f 20 alng a 15-mile stretch f highway n I-90. These passes will allw black bears and muntain lins t pass thrugh what was nce an impenetrable rad.
These wildlife crssings aren’t just abut saving individual animals — they’re abut species survival, t. I-90 is an ecnmically imprtant east-west lifeline in the state. But many f the animals mstly want t mve frm nrth t suth. Thse animals n the suth f the highway gt trapped in an island. Inbreeding (近亲繁殖) became a ptential prblem. Lcalized extinctin happens if they dn’t have genetic variability. The Snqualmie verpass helps recnnect these islated (隔绝的) ppulatins. I-90’s underpasses are imprtant in cnnecting waterways and species.
8. Why des the authr talk abut the heavy traffic in Paragraph 1?
A. T shw the results f wildlife prtectin.
B. T indicate its serius threat f ver speeding.
C. T raise peple’s awareness f the behavir f wildlife.
D. T intrduce the fllwing way t prtect wild animals.
9. In rder t save wildlife, what is suggested t d accrding t Paragraph 2?
A. Letting drivers see highways.B. Building highway crssing fr animals.
C. Decrating busy rads with native plants.D. Nticing under and verpasses while driving.
10. Why are wildlife crssings ver I-90 imprtant fr species t survive?
A. Because they can prtect native plants fr animals.
B. Because they are ecnmically imprtant fr the cuntry.
C. Because they can help animals trapped in the island n the nrth.
D. Because they will prevent species frm dying ut fr lacking genetic variety.
11. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Islated Wildlife: A Ptential Prblem
B. Highway Accidents: A Killer f Wild Animals
C. Wildlife Bridges: A Slutin t Wildlife Prtectin
D. Wildlife Crssing: A Regular Overpass fr Wildlife
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人们为了保护动物而修建的野生动物通道，有效保护了动物免于交通事故的死亡。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Heavy traffic desn’t stp big mammals like bears frm crssing highways — nr des it keep smaller creatures frm being squished (压扁) by cars. (繁忙的交通并不能阻止像熊这样的大型哺乳动物穿越高速公路——也不能阻止较小的动物被汽车碾压)”可知，交通繁忙依旧会对动物产生生命威胁。第二段“Hwever, there’s ne way t reduce crashes between cars and animals crssing the rad: wildlife under and verpasses. (然而，有一种方法可以减少汽车和过马路的动物之间的碰撞：野生动物通道)”用转折，介绍可以保护动物的方法。由此推知，第一段提及到交通拥挤的目的是为了引出后文所介绍的保护动物的方法。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Hwever, there’s ne way t reduce crashes between cars and animals crssing the rad: wildlife under and verpasses. Lking much like a regular verpass fr cars, but decrated with native plants, they aren’t particularly nticeable unless yu knw what yu’re lking fr. (然而，有一种方法可以减少过马路的汽车和动物之间的碰撞：野生动物通道。它们看起来很像一座普通的汽车立交桥，但用当地植物装饰，除非你知道自己在找什么，否则不会特别引人注目)”可知，冒号后的内容就是具体方式，即建立“野生动物通道”。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inbreeding (近亲繁殖) became a ptential prblem. Lcalized extinctin happens if they dn’t have genetic variability. The Snqualmie verpass helps recnnect these islated (隔绝) ppulatins. I-90’s underpasses are imprtant in cnnecting waterways and species. (近亲繁殖成为一个潜在的问题。如果它们没有遗传变异，局部灭绝就会发生。斯诺夸尔米立交桥帮助这些孤立的种群重新联系起来。I-90的地下通道在连接水路和物种方面很重要)”可知，野生动物穿越I-90野生动物通道对于种族存活是非常重要的因为它们将防止物种因缺乏遗传多样性而灭绝。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种保护野生动物免于交通事故的方式：建立专属野生动物通道。由此可知，选项“Wildlife Bridges: A Slutin t Wildlife Prtectin (野生动物桥梁：野生动物保护的解决方案)”符合本篇文章的标题。故选C。
D
There’s n dubt that psitive thinking impacts ne’s life. Hwever, in recent years, I’ve cme t understand that perhaps psitive thinking can result in txic (有毒的) psitivity, which has negative cnsequences. What we shuld be aiming fr instead is emtinal validatin (确认).
Txic psitivity is the maintenance f psitive thinking even in situatins where it isn’t apprpriate. “It ften cmes at the risk f denying ur wn real feelings r the feelings f thers,” says Nina Vasan, MD. While psitive thinking in general is a great thing, txic psitivity isn’t. It’s the act f denying anything negative that’s actually happening, and it can invlve making peple feel bad fr having nrmal human emtins. Smene practicing txic psitivity might say things like “everything happens fr a reasn” r “just lk n the bright side” when a friend shares smething difficult in his/her life.
Vasan tells us that with txic psitivity, emtins like srrw and anger are pushed aside. Hwever, emtinal validatin allws yu t have yur feelings. T be exact, emtinal validatin is abut allwing peple t experience their feelings and acknwledging that having negative feelings is real and ften imprtant. That desn’t mean it prmtes and encurages negative thinking endlessly, thugh.
Txic psitivity encurages us t fcus nly n the psitive, which can stp us frm dealing with the feelings we need t wrk thrugh. Practicing emtinal validatin is a healthier ptin fr yu and the nes yu lve. “This can be as simple as saying ‘I understand yu’re really sad’.” explains Vasan. Offering yur understanding shws ur lved nes that we care abut their feelings. Besides, instead f telling smene t lk n the bright side, yu shuld ffer wrds and thughts f supprt instead.
Txic psitivity has becme prevalent, and yu prbably knw a lt f peple wh dismiss yur negative experiences with statements like “Yu’re t sensitive”. Nw yu can say: Whatever yu’re feeling is temprary and allwing yurself t feel it will help yu get thrugh it.
12. What is emtinal validatin?
A. Permitting emtinal ups and dwns.B. Denying peple’s negative feelings.
C. Maintaining psitive in hard times.D. Aviding risks in terrible situatins.
13. What may the authr recmmend yu t say t a sad persn?
A. Perhaps smething frtunate is still waiting fr yu.
B. I’m sure there’s a gd reasn fr what has happened.
C. I understand yur sadness but being sensitive is n gd.
D. Yu have every right t feel upset and I am here fr yu.
14. What des the underlined wrd “prevalent” in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A. Cmplicated.B. Widespread.C. Instructive.D. Essential.
15. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Prmting psitivity is wrthwhile.B. Admitting negativity is reasnable.
C. Sticking t psitivity is significant.D. Expressing negativity is inapprpriate.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为积极的思维方式有可能会带来有害的积极，引发负面的结果。文章具体说明了有害的积极的内涵，它可能引发负面结果的原因，建议我们去追求情感认可，正视自己的、他人的负面情感。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hwever, emtinal validatin allws yu t have yur feelings. T be exact, emtinal validatin is abut allwing peple t experience their feelings and acknwledging that having negative feelings is real and ften imprtant.（然而，情感认可允许你有自己的感受。确切地说，情感认可就是允许人体验他们的感受，承认负面感受是真实的，而且往往很重要。）”可知，情感认可不否定人的负面感受，承认其真实的存在和重要性，也就是承认情感的起伏变动。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Nw yu can say: Whatever yu’re feeling is temprary and allwing yurself t feel it will help yu get thrugh it.（现在你可以说：你感觉到的一切都是暂时的，允许自己去感受它，这会帮助你度过它。）”可知，对于有负面感受的人，我们应该允许他有这样的感受。再结合倒数第二段中“Besides, instead f telling smene t lk n the bright side, yu shuld ffer wrds and thughts f supprt instead.（此外，不要告诉别人往好的方面看，你应该用语言和思想来支持他们。）”可知，对于有负面感受的人，我们还应该表明我们对他的支持。由此推断，对于一个伤心的人，作者可能会建议我们说：你有权感到难过，而我会支持你。故选D。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“yu prbably knw a lt f peple wh dismiss yur negative experiences with statements like “Yu’re t sensitive”（你可能认识很多这样的人，他们用“你太敏感了”这样的话来驳斥你的负面经历）”可知，像这样否认他人负面感受的人很多，所以有害的积极应该是变得普遍了。因此，prevalent的词义和widespread相近。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“What we shuld be aiming fr instead is emtinal validatin (确认).（相反，我们应该追求情感认可。）”以及全文内容可知，作者认为积极的思维方式有可能会带来有害的积极，引发负面的结果，建议我们去追求情感认可，正视自己的、他人的负面情感。因此，B项“承认负面情感是合理的”符合文章大意。故选B。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
English family names r surnames as we knw tday weren’t widely used until the Nrman cnquest (征服)f 1066. Befre that time there weren’t enugh peple t make it necessary t use anything ther than a single name. ____16____peple began adding descriptins such as “Jhn the Baker” t tell between peple f the same name. These descriptive names eventually became assciated with a family, passed dwn frm ne generatin t the next.
Occupatinal(职业性的)Surnames. ____17____ Tw cmmn English surname, Smith and Wright, are excellent examples f this. A name ending in “-man” usually suggests a trade name, as in Chapman (shpkeeper).
Descriptive Surnames. Based n a unique quality r physical characteristic f the individual, descriptive surnames ften develped frm nicknames. Mst refer t an individual’s appearance, like size, clr r physical shape, fr example, Little r Armstrng. ____18____ Gdchild r Wise are gd examples f this.
Gegraphical Surnames. These are names cming frm the lcatin f the land in which the first bearer and his family lived, and are generally the mst cmmn rigin f English surnames. They were first intrduced int England by the Nrmans, many f whm were knwn by the name f their persnal lands. ____19____ Cunty names in Great Britain, such as Kent and Devn, have been cmmnly adpted as surnames.
Other lcal surnames are frm descriptive landscape features such as hills and wds which describe the land where the bearer lives. ____20____
A. As the cuntry’s ppulatin grew,
B. As a persn entered under ne surname,
C. A rare name can tell yu the family’s rigin.
D. This is the rigin f surnames such as Hill and Bush.
E. They may als refer t an individual’s persnal character.
F. Many English surnames develped frm a persn’s jb r trade.
G. Thus, many English surnames develped frm the name f an actual twn r cunty.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. E 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国姓氏的由来，我们今天所知道的英国姓氏直到1066年诺曼征服才被广泛使用。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Befre that time there weren’t enugh peple t make it necessary t use anything ther than a single name.(在那之前，没有足够多的人需要使用单一的名字以外的任何东西。)”可知，在诺曼征服之前人口不多。再根据空后“peple began adding descriptins such as “Jhn the Baker” t tell between peple f the same name. (人们开始添加诸如“面包师约翰”这样的描述来区分同名的人。)”可知，人们开始添加一些描述来区分同名的人。选项A“As the cuntry’s ppulatin grew,(随着国家人口的增长，)”不仅从形式上符合下文，从内容上也承上启下，使得上下文符合逻辑。正因为人口增加，人们才开始添加描述来区分同名的人。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据段首“Occupatinal(职业性的)Surnames.(职业性的姓氏)”可知，本段主要讲述的是姓氏和职业相关。选项F“Many English surnames develped frm a persn’s jb r trade.(许多英语姓氏是由一个人的工作或贸易发展而来的。)”和本段内容相符。同时与下文所举例子“Tw cmmn English surname, Smith and Wright, are excellent examples f this. (两个常见的英国姓氏，史密斯和赖特，就是很好的例子。)”保持一致。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Mst refer t an individual’s appearance, like size, clr r physical shape, fr example, Little r Armstrng.(大多数是指一个人的外表，如大小、颜色或身体形状，例如，Little或 Armstrng。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是有些姓氏用来描述一个人。再根据空后“Gdchild r Wise are gd examples f this.( Gdchild或Wise就是很好的例子。)”可知，Gdchild或Wise是描述了一个人的性格。选项E“They may als refer t an individual’s persnal character.(它们也可以指一个人的性格。)”是下文内容的总结，符合本段内容。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Cunty names in Great Britain, such as Kent and Devn, have been cmmnly adpted as surnames.(英国的郡名，如肯特郡和德文郡，已被普遍采纳为姓氏。)”可知，一些地名已经成为了姓氏。选项G“Thus, many English surnames develped frm the name f an actual twn r cunty.(因此，许多英文姓氏是从一个实际的城镇或郡的名字发展而来的。)”与下文所举例子相一致，指的都是一些城镇或郡的名字已经成为了正式的姓氏。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Other lcal surnames are frm descriptive landscape features such as hills and wds which describe the land where the bearer lives.(其他当地姓氏来自描述性的景观特征，如山丘和森林，描述了持有者居住的土地。)”可知，有些景观特征也成为了姓氏。选项D“This is the rigin f surnames such as Hill and Bush.(这是Hill和Bush等姓氏的起源。)”与上文内容一致，是上文所指的景观特征的具体例子。故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A, B, C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
It was the selectin prcess fr a Ph.D prgram. The 2-day interview gt ff t a(n) ____21____ start when the prfessr I mst wanted t wrk with was s ____22____ by my cmpetitr’s presentatin that he gave her a high-five. I reminded myself there was mre than ne spt t be filled, and headed t dinner. There, my future adviser fund me. “It’s ____23____ f yu t apply with such a track recrd,” he said. “Dn’t ____24____ visiting my lab tmrrw.” I wasn’t sure whether t feel ____25____ r teased (取笑), but I knew I needed t impress him t have a chance.
The next day, in the rm full f my ____26____, the prfessr invited me t the micrscpe. Accidentally, my finger gt caught between the tw buttns f his shirt and made the shirt pen. The thers were frzen with ____27____, but I kept calm and ____28____ the situatin. I aplgized and then turned t the science.
Years later, I asked my adviser why he ____29____ me, even if my track recrd was ____30____ and I had made a fl f myself. “That’s simple,” he replied. “I was lking fr a trubleshter wh wn’t ____31____ at a time f crisis. And this is exactly what yu ____32____.” At that mment, I ____33____ that maybe the bvius trubles during the interview happened nt t me but fr me, because therwise I wuld have had n ____34____ t stand ut.
Since then, when facing ____35____, I’ve managed t stay psitive.
21. A. quickB. freshC. amazingD. discuraging
22. A. shckedB. relievedC. impressedD. cnfused
23. A. smartB. kindC. braveD. strange
24. A. missB. cnsiderC. appreciateD. fancy
25. A. amusedB. praisedC. judgedD. abandned
26. A. judgesB. assistantsC. classmatesD. cmpetitrs
27. A. curisityB. awkwardnessC. fearD. excitement
28. A. recveredB. simplifiedC. cntrlledD. recgnized
29. A. invitedB. selectedC. suggestedD. detected
30. A. uniqueB. universalC. weakD. lst
31. A. break dwnB. slw dwnC. take nD. mve n
32. A. believedB. understdC. explainedD. displayed
33. A. expectedB. realizedC. decidedD. annunced
34. A. intentinB. attemptC. chiceD. chance
35. A. challengesB. injusticeC. failuresD. desperatin
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与博士项目的选拔过程中，遇到危机，临危不惧最终被导师选中的故事。
21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为期两天的面试一开始就令人沮丧，我最想合作的教授对我竞争对手的演讲印象深刻，他和她击掌。A. quick快速的；B. fresh新鲜的；C. amazing惊人的；D. discuraging令人沮丧的。根据后文“my cmpetitr’s presentatin that he gave her a high-five”可知，作者想合作的教授和对手击掌了，所以是令人沮丧。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为期两天的面试一开始就令人沮丧，我最想合作的教授对我竞争对手的演讲印象深刻，他和她击掌。A. shcked震惊的；B. relieved安慰的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. cnfused困惑的。根据后文“my cmpetitr’s presentatin that he gave her a high-five”可知，对手的演讲印象深刻，让教授与之击掌了。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“你有这样的履历来申请，真是太勇敢了。”A. smart聪明的；B. kind善良的；C. brave勇敢的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文“f yu t apply with such a track recrd”以及下文“even if my track recrd was”提到作者的过往经历很差，可知，指作者来申请职位是勇敢的行为，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“明天不要错过参观我的实验室。”A. miss错过；B. cnsider考虑；C. appreciate感激；D. fancy喜欢。根据后文“the prfessr invited me t the micrscpe”可知，教授让作者不要错过参观实验室。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不确定是该受到表扬还是被嘲笑，但我知道我需要给他留下深刻印象，才能得到机会。A. amused娱乐；B. praised赞美；C. judged判断；D. abandned抛弃。根据后文“r teased”可遏制，作者不知道对方是在表扬还是嘲笑自己，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，在满是竞争对手的房间里，教授邀请我去看显微镜。A. judges裁判；B. assistants助手；C. classmates同学；D. cmpetitrs竞争对手。呼应上文“my cmpetitr’s presentatin”指作者和竞争对手都在房间里。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他人都尴尬得僵住了，但我保持冷静，控制住了局面。A. curisity好奇；B. awkwardness尴尬；C. fear恐惧；D. excitement激动。根据上文“Accidentally, my finger gt caught between the tw buttns f his shirt and made the shirt pen.(一不小心，我的手指夹在他衬衫的两个扣子之间，把衬衫拉开了)”可知，发生了很尴尬的场景，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他人都尴尬得僵住了，但我保持冷静，控制住了局面。A. recvered恢复；B. simplified简化；C. cntrlled控制；D. recgnized识别。根据上文“but I kept calm and”可知，作者保持冷静，控制住了局面。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，我问我的导师，为什么他选择了我，尽管我的过往记录很差，而且我也出丑了。A. invited邀请；B. selected选择；C. suggested建议；D. detected检测。根据上文“Years later, I asked my adviser why he”指作者询问导师选择自己的原因，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，我问我导师，为什么他选择了我，尽管我的过往记录很差，而且我也出丑了。A. unique独特的；B. universal普遍的；C. weak虚弱的，差的；D. lst迷路的。根据后文“and I had made a fl f myself.”可知是在列举作者的缺点，即过往记录很差，而且还出丑了。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在寻找一个在危机时刻不会崩溃的解决问题的人。A. break dwn出故障，崩溃；B. slw dwn减速；C. take n承担；D. mve n继续。根据上文“but I kept calm”可知，作者面对危机时刻没有崩溃，是导师需要的人选。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是你展示的。A. believed相信；B. understd理解；C. explained解释；D. displayed展示。呼应上文“but I kept calm and”指作者展示出了临危不惧的品质，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我意识到，也许面试中明显的麻烦不是发生在我身上，而是为我而发生的，否则我就没有机会脱颖而出了。A. expected期待；B. realized意识到；C. decided决定；D. annunced宣布。后文“that maybe the bvius trubles during the interview happened nt t me but fr me”主要是作者的感悟，即意识到“面试中明显的麻烦不是发生在我身上，而是为我而发生的，否则我就没有机会脱颖而出了”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我意识到，也许面试中明显的麻烦不是发生在我身上，而是为我而发生的，否则我就没有机会脱颖而出了。A. intentin意图；B. attempt尝试；C. chice选择；D. chance机会。呼应上文“but I knew I needed t impress him t have a chance”指作者抓住机会脱颖而出。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，当面对挑战时，我设法保持积极的态度。A. challenges挑战；B. injustice不公正；C. failures失败；D. desperatin绝望。呼应上文“at a time f crisis”指面对挑战或是危机，作者也设法保持积极。故选A。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lang Lang is a Chinese pian superstar wh has sld millins f albums wrldwide. He has als used his fame and frtune t help schls ___36___ lack musical instruments and equipment. Nw he ___37___ (bring) music t British state schls in an ___38___ (inspire) prject that will set up “pian labs” acrss the natin.
Befre this prject, he has set up pian labs in 86 schls in the US, giving 70,000 kids access ___39___ keybards. In China, he has put them in 104 schls, ___40___ (enable) 110,000 children t make music. This is ___41___ (chief) fr pupils aged 7 t 12.
The first UK schl t benefit is the Winns primary schl, Lndn’s 12th mst disadvantaged twn, where 53% f residents are frm a minrity ethnic backgrund. It will receive 30 keybards within the next few weeks. Every lab is accmpanied by a curse ___42___ (create) by the Trnt-based Ryal Cnservatry f Music and Lang Lang.
Lang Lang said: “When I visit ur partner schls and see ___43___ jy n the students’ faces r hear frm ur teachers abut the prgress students are making, I ___44___(remind) f why We created this prgramme — t give children an pprtunity t discver ____45____ they are able t achieve and t lift up their vices thrugh music.”
【答案】36. which##that
37. is bringing
38. inspiring
39. t 40. enabling
41. chiefly
42. created
43. the 44. am reminded
45. what
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了音乐家郎朗为一些缺乏乐器设备的学校所做的贡献。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他还利用自己的名声和财富帮助那些缺乏乐器和设备的学校。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为schls，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：现在，他通过一个鼓舞人心的项目正在把音乐带到英国公立学校，这个项目将在全国各地建立“钢琴实验室”。根据时间状语nw判断，本句用现在进行时；主语为he，和动词bring之间存在主动关系。故填is bringing。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：现在，他通过一个鼓舞人心的项目正在把音乐带到英国公立学校，这个项目将在全国各地建立“钢琴实验室”。此处修饰名词prject，应用-ing结尾形容词inspiring意为“鼓舞人心的”，作定语。故填inspiring。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：在此之前，他已经在美国86所学校建立了钢琴实验室，让7万名儿童提可以使用钢琴键盘。固定短语access t“可使用”。故填t。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国，他已经把它们放在104所学校，使11万名儿童能够创作音乐。此处是由主句所带来的自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式，担当结果状语。故填enabling。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：这主要针对7到12岁的学生。修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词形式。故填chiefly。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每个实验室都配有一门由多伦多皇家音乐学院和郎朗共同创建的课程。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词a curse与之create间存在被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填created。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我访问我们的合作学校，看到学生们脸上的喜悦，或者听到老师们讲述学生们取得的进步时，我就想起了我们创建这个项目的原因——给孩子们一个机会，让他们发现自己能够实现什么，并通过音乐提高自己的嗓音。此处名词jy为特指，指的是孩子脸上的笑容，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【44题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：我访问我们的合作学校，看到学生们脸上的喜悦，或者听到老师们讲述学生们取得的进步时，我就想起了我们创建这个项目的原因——给孩子们一个机会，让他们发现自己能够实现什么，并通过音乐提高自己的嗓音。根据从句visit可知，主句用一般现在时；主语为I，和动词remind之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态。故填am reminded。
【45题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我访问我们的合作学校，看到学生们脸上的喜悦，或者听到老师们讲述学生们取得的进步时，我就想起了我们创建这个项目的原因——给孩子们一个机会，让他们发现自己能够实现什么，并通过音乐提高自己的嗓音。分析句子结构可知，本句为宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
第四部分 写作
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 你校英语演讲俱乐部即将迎来五周年纪念日(anniversary)。请你写一篇短文给校报的英语专栏投稿，内容包括：
1.受益之处；
2.期望和祝福。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
English Speech Club and Me
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 English Speech Club and Me
As the fifth anniversary f the English Speech Club appraches, I wuld like t express hw prud I am t be a member f it.
I have benefited greatly frm the club. I have learned varius ways f speaking English fluently. In additin, I have learned a lt frm Mr. Brwn, the instructr f the club. Fr example, he taught me t pay attentin t my bdy language when making a speech. Mre imprtantly, regular interactin with ther members has made me mre cnfident.
I d hpe mre students will jin us and wish the club a brighter future!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文给校报的英语专栏投稿，讲述自己在俱乐部的收获以及对俱乐部的期望和祝福。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：express→cnvey
此外：in additin→ what’s mre/besides
例如：fr example→fr instance
光明的，有前途的：brighter→ prmising
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In additin, I have learned a lt frm Mr. Brwn, the instructr f the club.
拓展句：In additin, I have learned a lt frm Mr. Brwn, wh is the instructr f the club.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As the fifth anniversary f the English Speech Club appraches, I wuld like t express hw prud I am t be a member f it.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句和hw引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Fr example, he taught me t pay attentin t my bdy language when making a speech.（运用了状语从句的省略）
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下而材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a single mther, I’ve never dubted my daughter Jane’s dream t be a singer n the stage. At an early age, she was crazy abut singing. Whenever she had a chance, she wuld sing t her heart’s cntent. Her sweet and charming vice tended t get peple arund attracted t her sngs.
Living in a small city, I tk several dd jbs, determined t d everything in my pwer t supprt her. Sn after Jane attended schl, her music teacher Mary nticed her talent by chance and vlunteered t give her sme guidance n hw t sing. Jane practiced s hard that befre lng she made great prgress in singing.
Unfrtunately, ne nn a year later, Jane was crssing the street when a careless driver kncked her dwn. She was rushed t hspital. When I hurried there, the dctr tld me that my daughter wuld prbably nt stand n her wn feet. I frze with shck, feeling as if I had been thrwn int a dark wrld. Weak and dizzy, I was abut t fall t the grund when smene tk hld f me.
It was Mary, wh gt the news and raced here. She cmfrted me, saying firmly, “Grace, Jane needs yu. Yu must stay calm and strng.” I ndded. Having calmed dwn, I entered the ward with Mary.
That night, Jane recvered her cnsciusness (知觉) and pened her eyes. Hlding her hand, I said, “My dear, everything wuld be fine.” Mary cmfrted her gently, “I knw yu are a strng girl, Jane. Dn’t wrry. We’ll be standing by yu.” I was heartbrken t see tears streaming dwn Jane’s cheeks.
After tw mnths, we returned hme frm hspital. Her teachers and friends frequently visited her. Jane eventually accepted the fact that she wuld have t get arund in a wheelchair. Never did she refer t the subject f singing again. I knew she was a nice and understanding girl, wh was afraid that talking abut her riginal dream wuld upset the tw f us.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day, hwever, Mary came with gd news.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the hst annunced it was Jane’s turn, she was wheeled nt the stage.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 One day hwever, Mary came with gd news. She tld Jane the schl music festival was t be held the next mnth and that her classmates all expected her t sing n behalf f her class. Jane’s eyes sparkled but respnded dubtfully, “Can ” Mary and I immediately assured her that she culd make it. In the fllwing mnth, with the help f Mary, Jane kept n practicing singing. Beautiful sngs eched in ur huse again and smiles began t appear n her face. Finally the big day came when she culd present herself.
When the hst annunced it was Jane’s turn, she was wheeled nt the stage. Jane was greeted with warm applause. As she began t sing, the audience gt absrbed in her beautiful vice. Secnds after her perfrmance, all the audience rse with thunderus cheers. When wheeled ff stage, Jane received praise and bunches f flwers frm her teachers and classmates. Jane was mved t tears. The kindness and encuragement frm her teachers and classmates stimulated Jane’s enthusiasm fr life, making her regain cnfidence in pursuing her riginal dream, which I will supprt whleheartedly.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的女儿简梦想成为歌手，在她的音乐老师玛丽的帮助下，简为了她的梦想努力取得进步。突然有一天，简遭遇了车祸，以后都不能自己站起来了，必须坐轮椅四处走动，简再也没有提过唱歌的话题。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，有一天，玛丽带来了好消息。”可知，第一段可描写玛丽告诉简希望她代表班级唱歌，简在玛丽的帮助下继续练习，终于可以展示自己了。
②由第二段首句内容“当主持人宣布轮到简时，她被推上了舞台。”可知，第二段可描写简的歌声得到了老师和同学们的赞扬，简重新找回了最初追求梦想的信心。
2.续写线索：好消息——简怀疑自己——练习唱歌——开始表演——得到赞扬——找到信心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：expect/hpe/wish
②回答：respnd/reply/answer
③保证：assure/guarantee/ensure
情绪类
①眼睛闪闪发光：eyes sparkle/eyes glitter
②感动：mve/tuch
【点睛】[高分句型1]As she began t sing, the audience gt absrbed in her beautiful vice.（由连接词as引导时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]The kindness and encuragement frm her teachers and classmates stimulated Jane’s enthusiasm fr life, making her regain cnfidence in pursuing her riginal dream, which I will supprt whleheartedly.（由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）
听力1-5 BCACA 6-10 CAAAC 11-15 ACCCB 16-20 BBCAB