2022-2023学年辽宁省葫芦岛市高三上学期期末英语试题及答案

这是一份2022-2023学年辽宁省葫芦岛市高三上学期期末英语试题及答案，共27页。试卷主要包含了本考试分设试卷和答题纸等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸。试卷包括Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷两部分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上按要求填写信息，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。Ⅰ卷部分的作答必须涂在答题纸上相应的区域，Ⅱ卷部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。
第Ⅰ卷(三部分，共95分)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What des the wman suggest ding?
A.Seeing a play. B.Ging n a diet． C.Having sme ice cream.
2.What did the by frget yesterday?
A.His ruler. B.His glasses． C.His schlbag.
3.What will the wman d this afternn?
A.G t the park． B.Take pictures． C.Attend a class.
4.What are the speakers prbably talking abut?
A.A handbag. B.A dress． C.A phne.
5.Hw des the man usually travel?
A.By car. B.By bus． C.By train.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6.Why can’t the speakers g t the z?
A.It isn’t pen.
B.They can’t affrd it．
C.It has mved away.
7.What have the speakers decided t d?
A.Stay at hme.
B.G hrse-riding.
C.G t the mvies.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8.What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A.Old teammates. B.Teacher and student. C.Frmer classmates.
9.What is the wman mre interested in nw?
A.Playing tennis. B.Playing the pian． C.Playing basketball.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至12三个小题。
10.Which subject des the by prbably prefer?
A.Histry. B.Plitics. C.Art.
11.What d the girl’s parents expect her t be?
A.A restaurant manager. B.A plitician. C.A teacher.
12.What is the girl gd at?
A.Dealing with peple.
B.Wrking with kids.
C.Painting pictures.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至16四个小题。
13.What infrmatin can visitrs learn abut in the museum?
A.Different trees. B.Wild birds. C.The weather.
14.When did the wman visit the museum?
A.Last Thursday. B.Last Saturday. C.Last Sunday.
15.Hw lng did it take the wman t get back hme frm the museum?
A.Abut 15 minutes. B.Abut 20 minutes. C.Abut 30 minutes.
16.Wh can get free access t the museum?
A.One under 15. B.One under 17. C.One under 18.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至20四个小题。
17.What did the speaker d yesterday mrning?
A.She watched a play.
B.She visited an ld theater.
C.She went t a fishing village.
18.What did the speaker visit during the guided tur?
A.A palace. B.The ruins f a library. C.The sea.
19.Where did the speaker have lunch yesterday?
A.Beside a waterfall. B.Next t a lake. C.In a village.
20.What did the speaker think f her trip t the carpet factry?
A.Dull. B.Unfrgettable. C.Fantastic.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Fun Summer Bks fr Grades 9—12
Yes, even sme high-schls appreciate recmmendatins fr vacatin bks. Encurage yur high-schl child t read with this list f apprachable teen titles. Or surprise yur teen with ne f these bks when yu reach the beach and bredm sets in!
►Brwn Girl Dreaming,by Jacqueline Wdsn
This cllectin f simple pems reveals what it was like t grw up as a yung African American girl in the 1960s and 1970s. Wdsn’s autbigraphical petry verflws with lve fr her family. Brwn Girl Dreaming wn multiple awards, s il may be assigned class reading in cming years.
►Tunnel Visin, by Susan Adrian
Jake has a secret skill. When he hlds smething that belngs t anther persn, he can lcate them, wherever they are. Once the gvernment learns f Jake’s pwers, it insists that he use his skill t find criminals. In this spy nvel,Jake has t decide just hw far he’s willing t risk his wn safety in rder t prtect and help thers. It is a series f mdern graphic nvels that have the lk f classic cartns.
►The Shadw Her,by Gene Lu en Yang
Can yur mm frce yu t becme a superher? That’s what Hank Chu finds ut. A Chinese American teen in 1940， Hank is reluctant t stand up t the gangs(匪徒)in his neighbrhd wh threaten his family’s grcery stre. But as the masked Green Turtle, he may just have the cnfidence t prtect his family and fight back.
►Half My Facebk Friends Are Ferrets,by J. A. Buckle
Things aren’t exactly panning ut fr 17-year-ld Jsh. He wants l be a heavy metal guitarist. And he and his pals wish they had girlfriends. But regular teenage bstacles like bssy parents and pr self-cnfidence have been hlding him back.
1. Wh is the text intended fr?
A. Teachers.B. Parents.C. Teenagers.D. Vacatiners.
2. Which bk best suits peple wh adre picture bks?
A. Tunnel Visin.B. The Shadw Her.
C. Brwn Girl Dreaming.D. Half My Facebk Friends Are Ferrets.
3. What d Brwn Girl Dreaming and The Shadw her have in cmmn?
A. Bth are set in the 1940s.B. Bth wn several awards.
C. Bth will be taught at schls.D. Bth reflect care fr the family.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章推荐了一些9到12年级的暑期趣味读物。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Encurage yur high-schl child…(鼓励你上高中的孩子……)”和“Or surprise yur teen…(或者给你的孩子惊喜……)”可知，本文目标读者为青少年孩子的家长，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段对Tunnel Visin描述的最后一句“It is a series f mdern graphic nvels that have the lk f classic cartns.(这是一系列具有经典动画片外观的现代漫画小说)”可知，Tunnel Visin为漫画小说，适合喜欢图画书的人。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段对Brwn Girl Dreaming的描述“Wdsn’s autbigraphical petry verflws with lve fr her family.(Wdsn的自传体诗歌充满了对家人的爱)”和第四段对The Shadw Her的描述“But as the masked Green Turtle, he may just have the cnfidence t prtect his family and fight back.(但作为蒙面绿海龟，他可能只是有信心保护他的家人和反击)”可知，两者的共同点是反映了对家人的关爱，故选D。
B
We bught a Shamrck trailer (房车) in the fall f 2019 in anticipatin (期待) f ur three-mnth jurney t Baja, Mexic. The camper (露营车) wuld be hme base fr all the fun and adventure ur family, myself, my husband and ur three teenagers, wuld have all the way.
It tk three days t drive frm Calgary t Las Vegas and the temperature went frm negative 30 t 15 °F-a miracle! But by the time we made it t San Dieg, Califrnia, we had visited tw RV mechanics t fix water leaking frm the water tank and a bed heater blwing up. Thankfully, while we waited fr repairs, we culd listen t waves lapping n the shre.
Eventually, we crssed the brder int Mexic at Tijuana and pushed ur way dwn the shre cast. While we swam, ate Mexican fd and watched sunsets, the Shamrck kept thrwing us surprises. We all learned t savr (尽情享受) the gd mments while dealing with the bad.
Driving thrugh Utah, ur truck began making nises. The truck’s engine had cmpletely brken, and we needed a new ne. We hled up (躲) in St. Gerge, Utah, t wait fr repairs. One evening, we were heating up dinner when the ven let ut a big WHUMP! The whle camper shk.
After a few weeks, we left ur truck in Utah—the engine repair wasn’t ging t well—and drve hme t Calgary. There culd nt have been five travelers s happy t stay in their huse fr tw weeks.
Eventually, we hired smene t drive ur truck and the Shamrck t Calgary, but he arrived with just the truck. The camper was causing prblems, and the keys gt lst, s it was left in Idah. It’s still there; we recently marked its ne-and-a-half-year anniversary f strage.
This brings me t the pint f this essay: Fr Sale: A lively 30-ft Shamrck camper. Keeps yu n yur tes! Sleeps five. $9,000. Pick-up is smewhere in Idah. Bring sme tls t break int it.
4. What can we learn abut the authr’s self-driving tur?
A. The tur lasted fr abut ne mnth.
B. They drve a Shamrck all the way during the tur.
C. Their truck stpped wrking when they arrived at San Dieg.
D. They enjyed the tur despite sme unexpected prblems.
5. What des the underlined wrd “surprises” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Breakdwns.B. Beautiful scenery.
C. Amazing functins.D. Quality after-sales service.
6. What is the tne f the article?
A. Unhappy.B. Serius.C. Amusing.D. Exciting.
7. What is the authr’s main purpse in writing the article?
A. T suggest the places t travel.
B. T advertise her Shamerck camper.
C. T recrd the happy mments in life.
D. T cmplain abut her campers.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和家人驾驶Shamerck露营车去Baja。途中露营车问题百出，但幸运的是他们欣赏到了美妙的景色。作者最终决定卖掉这辆露营车。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It tk three days t drive frm Calgary t Las Vegas and the temperature went frm negative 30 t 15 F-a miracle! But by the time we made it t San Dieg, Califrnia, we had visited tw RV mechanics t fix water leaking frm the water tank and a bed heater blwing up. Thankfully, while we waited fr repairs, we culd listen t waves lapping n the shre.(从卡尔加里开车到拉斯维加斯花了三天时间，气温从零下30华氏度上升到15华氏度——真是奇迹!但当我们到达加州圣地亚哥时，我们已经拜访了两名房车修理工，修理水箱漏水和床加热器爆炸的问题。值得庆幸的是，在等待维修的时候，我们可以听到海浪拍击海岸的声音)”和第三段的“While we swam, ate Mexican fd and watched sunsets, the Shamrck kept thrwing us surprises. We all learned t savr (尽情享受) the gd mments while dealing with the bad.(当我们游泳、吃墨西哥菜、看日落时，Shamrck不断给我们带来惊喜。我们都学会了在处理不好的事情时享受美好的时刻)”可知，虽然遭遇了意料之外的问题，但他们都很享受那次旅行。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Thankfully, while we waited fr repairs, we culd listen t waves lapping n the shre.(值得庆幸的是，在等待维修的时候，我们可以听到海浪拍击海岸的声音)”，和第三段的“We all learned t savr (尽情享受) the gd mments while dealing with the bad.(我们都学会了在处理不好的事情时享受美好的时刻)”可知，surprise是反语，事实上是指旅途中车出的问题。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“It’s still there; we recently marked its ne-and-a-half-year anniversary f strage.(它还在那里;我们最近纪念了它储存一年半的纪念日)”和最后一段“This brings me t the pint f this essay: Fr Sale: A lively 30-ft Shamrck camper. Keeps yu n yur tes! Sleeps five. S9,000. Pick-up is smewhere in Idah. Bring sme tls t break int it.(这让我想到了这篇文章的要点：出售：一辆30英尺长的活泼的Shamrck营车。让你保持警觉!睡五个人。S9,000。接车地点在爱达荷州。带些工具进去)”中的anniversary f strage，lively，keeps yu n yur tes，smewhere in Idah等词推知，作者写本文的口吻是有趣的、逗人开心的。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This brings me t the pint f this essay: Fr Sale: A lively 30-ft Shamrck camper. Keeps yu n yur tes! Sleeps five. S9,000. Pick-up is smewhere in Idah. Bring sme tls t break int it.(这让我想到了这篇文章的要点：出售：一辆30英尺长的活泼的Shamrck营车。让你保持警觉!睡五个人。S9,000。接车地点在爱达荷州。带些工具进去)”可知，作者写本文的目的是为自己的Shamerck打广告，希望把它卖掉。故选B。
C
Have yu ever thrwn a camel? Camels are large and heavy animals, s it wuld be hard t d s. But in the French-speaking Demcratic Republic f the Cng, “t thrw a camel” is a way f saying “t make a spelling mistake”. In the past, a phrase like that was nt accepted by the French gvernment as an fficial French term. But recently, the French Ministry f Culture wrked n a new kind f dictinary that accepts the idea that many peple in ther cuntries and regins speak the language. The language has changed as time ges by and is different in places like Ivry Cast in West Africa r Quebec in Canada, cmpared t hw it is in Paris.
The new nline French dictinary includes new French wrds frm arund the wrld. It was released (发布) n March 18—just in time fr Internatinal Francphnie Day n March 20. After its release, it is updated (更新) n a regular basis. It nw cntains abut 600,000 terms. The French Culture Minister says the dictinary is nt just fr France’s 67 millin citizens, but fr the 300 millin French speakers wrldwide.
Supprters say the new dictinary is mre demcratic (大众化的) than earlier French dictinaries that nly shwed the way highly educated French peple spke. Official dictinaries prduced by the French Academy in Paris were first published hundreds f years ag and are regularly updated. The nline dictinary, hwever, has a new part yu cannt find in a bk. If yu live in Senegal, fr example, yu can search the dictinary, and it will give yu the meaning f a wrd based n its use in that cuntry.
“The French n lnger have a mnply (独占) n French,” a French magazine that supprts the dictinary wrte recently. “And that is gd news”.
8. What d we knw abut the phrase “t thrw a camel”?
A. It tells us camels are t large t be thrwn.
B. It can be fund in an ancient French dictinary.
C. It is a phrase still nt accepted by the French gvernment.
D. It can be used when yu see smene makes a spelling mistake.
9. Hw is the nline French dictinary different frm ther dictinaries?
A. It needs updating regularly.B. It is mainly fr nn-French speakers.
C. It takes in wrldwide French usages.D. It includes few fficial French terms.
10. What d the supprters think f the dictinary?
A. It helps spread standard French.B. It’ll attract mre peple t learn French.
C. It’ll benefit French’s develpment.D. It brings 300 millin French speakers.
11. In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Culture.B. Opinin.C. Technlgy.D. Lifestyle.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的在线词典，这个词典叫做讲法语者词典，收录了来自世界各地的新法语单词。文章还介绍了这一词典的特点以及想法的起源。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“But in the French-speaking Demcratic Republic f the Cng, “t thrw a camel” is a way f saying “t make a spelling mistake”. (但在讲法语的刚果民主共和国，“扔骆驼”是“犯拼写错误”的一种说法)”可知，如果在刚果民主共和国用法语对别人说“扔骆驼”，意思就是这个人犯了拼写错误。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第三句话“In the past, a phrase like that was nt accepted by the French gvernment as an fficial French term. (在过去，这样的短语不被法国政府接受为官方法语术语)”以及第二段的第一句话“The new nline French dictinary includes new French wrds frm arund the wrld. (新的在线法语词典收录了来自世界各地的法语新词)”可知，该法语在线词典的特殊之处在于它收录了世界各地的法语用法。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话“Supprters say the new dictinary is mre demcratic (大众化的) than earlier French dictinaries that nly shwed the way highly educated French peple spke. (支持者表示，新词典比早期的法语词典更民主，早期的法语字典只显示了受过高等教育的法国人的说话方式)”以及最后一段““The French n lnger have a mnply (独占) n French,” a French magazine that supprts the dictinary wrte recently. “And that is gd news”.(“法国人不再垄断法语，”一家支持该词典的法国杂志最近写道。“这是个好消息”)”可知，在支持者们看来，这一词典更加大众化，法语不再是法国人的“专享物”了。由此可推断，它更有利于法语的发展。故选C。
【11题详解】
文章出处题。文章主要介绍了一个新的在线词典，这个词典叫做讲法语者词典，收录了来自世界各地的新法语单词。文章还介绍了这一词典的特点以及想法的起源。由此可知，本文可能出自报纸的文化板块。故选A。
D
Have yu ever wndered what happens t all f the ld bjects launched int space, such as rckets and satellites? It’s called space junk, and much f it is still ut there nw. Accrding t NASA, the definitin f space junk is “any man-made bject in rbit (轨道) arund Earth that n lnger serves a useful functin”.
One large piece f space junk a disused rcket, hit the dark side f the mn n March 4. The rcket’s rigin is nt clear, but scientists knw that it was massive – weighing abut 3 tns. It must have left a large crater (坑), estimated 10 t 20 meters wide, n the mn’s surface. It wn’t be visible right away, but scientists are trying t lcate it. “We will find the crater, eventually,” Mark Rbinsn, lead investigatr fr NASA Lunar Recnnaissance Orbiter Camera, tld USA TODAY. “Depending n its lcatin, it culd take as lng as 28 days.”
What’s significant abut this space junk crash is that it draws attentin t sme f the ptential dangers f space junk. First, the accumulatin f space junk in Earth’s rbit means that satellites and the Internatinal Space Statin (ISS) are at risk. In 2016, tiny space debris (残骸), smaller than a millimeter, caused a tiny chip in the ISS’ windw. Imagine the damage that a larger piece f debris culd cause. The Eurpean Space Agency website states that bjects “up t 1 cm in size culd disable an instrument r a critical flight system n a satellite” while bjects ver 10 cm “culd shatter a satellite r spacecraft int pieces”. If this sunds terrifying, that’s because it is. Any cllisin with larger pieces f debris culd be especially dangerus fr manned spacecraft.
In additin t ptential damage t spacecraft and satellites, space junk als pses a threat t the Earth itself. Crashes can send debris int the atmsphere where it can remain fr many decades. Sme pwerful cllisins can even send large debris hurtling (猛冲) tward Earth’s surface where it can affect the lcal envirnment. Leftver rcket debris can cntain txic materials that are harmful t plant and animal life. Sme peple in Siberia have even reprted serius health prblems after rcket debris landed in their regins in 2012, a lcal dctr tld the BBC.
12. Which f the fllwing can be regarded as space junk?
A. An abandned space statin.
B. A spacecraft rbiting the mn.
C. A crater n the mn’s surface.
D. A satellite wrking in lw Earth rbit.
13. What des the underlined wrd “it” refer t in paragraph 2?
A Tracking the rcket.B. Lcating the crater.
C. Cleaning up the space junk.D. Finding ut the rcket’s rigin.
14. Why des the authr mentin the damage caused by tiny space debris in 2016?
A. T cmpare the effects f debris f different sizes.
B. T prve the space debris prblem is getting wrse.
C. T illustrate the ptential dangers f space junk.
D. T explain the necessity f remving space junk.
15. What can be inferred abut space junk frm the last paragraph?
A. It’s likely t cause a glbal envirnmental crisis.
B. It can pse a lasting threat if it remains in the atmsphere.
C. It’s impssible t stp it frm entering the atmsphere.
D. The txic materials cntained in space junk are the biggest threat it pses.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了太空垃圾对于太空，地球，以及人类会造成的潜在的威胁以及伤害。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Accrding t NASA, the definitin f space junk is “ any man-made bject in rbit (轨道) arund Earth that n lnger serves a useful functin”.(根据美国宇航局的定义，太空垃圾是“任何在地球周围轨道(轨道)上不再具有有用功能的人造物体”)”可知，废弃的空间站属于不再具有有用功能的人造物体，因此是太空垃圾。故选A项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段第四句““We will find the crater, eventually,” Mark Rbinsn, lead investigatr fr NASA Lunar Recnnaissance Orbiter Camera, tld USA TODAY. “Depending n its lcatin, it culd take as lng as 28 days.”(“我们最终会找到陨石坑的，”美国宇航局月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机的首席研究员马克·罗宾逊告诉《今日美国》。“根据它的位置，可能需要长达28天。”)”可知，这里说的it指代上文提到的陨石坑的位置。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“What’s significant abut this space junk crash is that it draws attentin t sme f the ptential dangers f space junk.(这次太空垃圾撞击事件的意义在于，它引起了人们对太空垃圾潜在危险的关注)”可知，作者再次在后面列举2016年的微小的太空碎片造成的破坏的事件是为了阐述太空垃圾可能造成的潜在危险。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In additin t ptential damage t spacecraft and satellites, space junk als pses a threat t the Earth itself. Crashes can send debris int the atmsphere where it can remain fr many decades. Sme pwerful cllisins can even send large debris hurtling (猛冲) tward Earth’s surface where it can affect the lcal envirnment.(除了对航天器和卫星的潜在损害外，太空垃圾也对地球本身构成威胁。撞击会将碎片送入大气层，并在那里停留数十年。一些强大的碰撞甚至可以将大型碎片冲向地球表面，从而影响当地环境)”可知，太空垃圾留在大气层中会造成持续的威胁。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Empathy, the ability t understand and c-experience the feelings and thughts f ther peple, is prbably ne f the mst imprtant skills a persn can have. ____16____
• Humans are scial animals.
There are very few activities that humans take part in that dn’t invlve thers. ____17____It allws yu t perceive thers’ mtives, treat them the way they want t be treated, understand hw thers perceive yu, and s n.
• It lets yu better understand nn-verbal cmpnents f cmmunicatin.
____18____Peple wh are nt empathetic have a hard time reading between the lines f cnversatins. They cannt understand that what the ther persn means t cmmunicate is different frm what they actually say.
• ____19____
When yu uncnsciusly perceive what the ther party wants and needs and can understand exactly why they want it, reaching a “win-win” slutin gets easier. Yu dn’t have t blindly search fr a way ut.
• It bradens yur hrizns.
Seeing the wrld frm ther peple’s perspectives lets yu perceive it t a fuller extent. When yu are able t lk at life frm ther peple’s pint f view, yu are able t live a mre fulfilled life.
____20____Thus, achieving higher levels f empathy ften means achieving greater fulfilment as human beings.
A. It makes yu better at handling cnflicts.
B. It helps yu intrduce yur ideas t thers.
C. Empathy basically is what makes us human.
D. Humans always live and wrk with each ther.
E. S why exactly is empathy s imprtant fr us?
F. Cmmunicatin is s much mre than what wrds express.
G. Therefre, the ability t better understand thers and read their feelings is an advantage.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。同理心，即理解并共同体验他人的情感和想法的能力，可能是一个人能拥有的最重要的技能之一。文章主要说明了同理心对我们重要的四点原因。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Empathy, the ability t understand and c-experience the feelings and thughts f ther peple, is prbably ne f the mst imprtant skills a persn can have.(同理心，即理解并共同体验他人的情感和想法的能力，可能是一个人能拥有的最重要的技能之一)”可知，上文解释了同理心的概念，指出这是最重要的技能之一，结合后文说明了同理心为什么重要，故E选项“那么同理心到底为什么对我们如此重要呢？”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“There are very few activities that humans take part in that dn’t invlve thers.(很少有人类参与的活动是不涉及他人的)”以及后文“It allws yu t perceive thers’ mtives, treat them the way they want t be treated, understand hw thers perceive yu, and s n.(它能让你感知他人的动机，以他们希望被对待的方式对待他们，理解别人如何看待你，等等)”可知，上文提到很少有人类参与的活动是不涉及他人，后文则在说明同理心的优势，可知本句与上文构成因果关系，指出能够更好地理解别人和读懂他们的感受是一种优势，故G选项“因此，能够更好地理解别人和读懂他们的感受是一种优势”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据标题“• It lets yu better understand nn-verbal cmpnents f cmmunicatin.(·它能让你更好地理解交流中的非语言成分)”以及后文“Peple wh are nt empathetic have a hard time reading between the lines f cnversatins. They cannt understand that what the ther persn means t cmmunicate is different frm what they actually say.(没有同理心的人很难从对话的字里行间读懂意思。他们无法理解对方想表达的意思和他们实际说的不一样)”可知，后文提到没有同理心的人无法读懂人们真正想要表达的意思，可见本段主要是在说明沟通不仅仅是语言表达的东西，F选项中Cmmunicatin对应标题中cmmunicatin。故F选项“沟通不仅仅是语言表达的东西”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据本段内容“When yu uncnsciusly perceive what the ther party wants and needs and can understand exactly why they want it, reaching a “win-win” slutin gets easier. Yu dn’t have t blindly search fr a way ut.(当你不自觉地感知到对方想要什么和需要什么，并能确切地理解他们为什么想要，达成一个“双赢”的解决方案会变得更容易。你不必盲目地寻找出路)”可知，本段的中心内容是同理心可以帮助达成“双赢”，即更好地处理冲突，故A选项“它会让你更好地处理冲突”符合小标题，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据后文“Thus, achieving higher levels f empathy ften means achieving greater fulfilment as human beings.(因此，获得更高水平的同理心通常意味着作为人类获得更大的成就)”可知，后文提到了“获得更高水平的同理心通常意味着作为人类获得更大的成就”，可见本句是在强调同理心对于人类的重要作用，C选项中human对应后文中human beings。故C选项“同理心使我们成为人类”符合语境，故选C。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Years ag, a neighbur kid kicked a ftball and brke a small ___21___ f ur huse. We were a family living n a small ___22___ at the time, s I barded it up, thinking I’d get t it smeday.
Over the years, I’d smetimes ask sme advice frm windw cmpanies. The plan was t upgrade t energy-efficient windws fr the whle huse, an ___23___ prcess—$ 15, 000. It was simply ut f ___24___ and I turned it dwn again.
___25___, the thught f that windw ate at me fr years. Every time I went dwn there, it kept ___26___ me. I knew I needed t deal with it, but I had built up the ___27___ s much in my mind that I put it ff again and again.
Then my wife had a jb ___28___, and we needed t mve. A ___29___ buyer culdn’t get a lan n the huse if there was a ____30____ windw. S I pulled ff the bards t face this thing. It had already been fr at least 5 years.
I used sme rust (锈) remver, sprayed all arund the rusted frame, and gave it a ____31____ pull. T my ____32____, it easily mved. I pulled the windw ut and tk it dwntwn. It was a 12 fix.
I culd have fixed the prblem fr 12 the ____33____ day when it happened. But I let it wrry me fr years. ____34____, this isn’t just abut my windw. Many f us tend t live with brken windws f ne type r anther fr years. We suffer mre in ____35____ than in reality. Step frward, and yu’ll find a slutin.
21. A. rfB. windwC. drD. curtain
22. A. salaryB. fameC. passinD. chance
23. A. accessibleB. fficialC. expensiveD. energetic
24. A. rderB. balanceC. breathD. reach
25. A. TherefreB. BesidesC. HweverD. Instead
26. A. replyingB. trublingC. drivingD. reprting
27. A. difficultyB. cnfidenceC. jyD. harm
28. A. changeB. interestC. habitD. jurney
29. A. pliteB. weakC. strangeD. ptential
30. A. defeatedB. fittedC. brkenD. cured
31. A. lazyB. strngC. familiarD. strange
32. A. disappintmentB. embarrassmentC. astnishmentD. encuragement
33. A. sameB. differentC. earlyD. new
34. A. FrequentlyB. ActuallyC. CnsequentlyD. Unexpectedly
35. A. experimentB. discussinC. reactinD. imaginatin
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己修复被打破窗户的经历告诉我们，想象带来苦难远远大于现实中真正的痛苦。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年前，邻居家的一个小孩踢足球，打破了我们家的一扇窗户。A. rf屋顶；B. windw窗户；C. dr门；D. curtain窗帘。根据句中“a neighbur kid kicked a ftball and brke...”和下文“Over the years, I’d smetimes ask sme advice frm windw cmpanies. The plan was t upgrade t energy-efficient windws fr the whle huse”可推知，足球打破的“窗户”。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我们一家人的收入很低，所以我把它钉了起来，想着总有一天我能修复它。A. salary工资；B. fame名誉；C. passin激情；D. chance机会。根据下文中的“s I barded it up, thinking I’d get t it smeday.”可知，作者用板子将窗户封起来，以后再修理，说明作者家境不好，由此推断，作者家靠微薄的“工资”度日。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词义辨析。句意：他们的计划是将整个房子的窗户升级为节能窗户，这是一个昂贵的程序，要花费1.5万美元。A. accessible可得到的；B. fficial官方的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. energetic精力旺盛的。根据上文中的“The plan was t upgrade t energy-efficient windws…”以及下文中的“$ 15, 000”可知，此处指的是一次“昂贵的”程序。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这实在是遥不可及，所以又拒绝了。A. rder命令；B. balance平衡；C. breath呼吸；D. reach可到达的距离，能及的范围。根据上文中的“We were a family living n a small ___2___ at the time”可知，作者家境一般，所以15, 000美元对他家来说是“遥不可及的”，ut f reach意为“遥不可及”符合语境。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，多年来一想到那扇窗户，我一直耿耿于怀。A. Therefre因此；B. Besides此外；C. Hwever然而；D. Instead反而。根据上文中的“It was simply ut f ___4___ and I turned it dwn again.”以及下文中的“the thught f that windw ate at me fr years.”可知，上下文之间为转折关系。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我去那里，它都一直困扰着我。A. replying依赖；B. trubling困扰；C. driving驱使；D. reprting报道。根据下文中的“But I let it wrry me fr years.”可知，此处指的是“困扰”作者好多年。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我需要处理它，但我已经在脑海中积累了太多的困难，所以我一次又一次地推迟它。A. difficulty困难；B. cnfidence信心；C. jy快乐；D. harm伤害。根据下文中的“We suffer mre in ___15___ than in reality.”可知，作者不断拒绝修理窗户，是因为在大脑中构想了太多的“困难”。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来我妻子换了工作，我们需要搬家。A. change改变；B. interest兴趣；C. habit习惯；D. jurney旅行。根据下文中的“and we needed t mve.”可知，作者要搬家是因为他妻子换了工作。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果房子的窗户被打破了，潜在的买家就无法获得贷款。A. plite礼貌的；B. weak虚弱的；C. strange奇怪的，陌生的；D. ptential潜在的。根据下文中的“culdn’t get a lan n the huse”可知，该买家需要贷款买房，还没有买，所以是“潜在的”买家。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个潜在的买家说他没法为一个有坏窗户的房屋申请贷款。A. defeated打败；B. fitted安装；C. brken打破；D. cured治愈。根据上文中的“Years ag, a neighbur kid kicked a ftball and brke a small ___1___ f ur huse.”可知，小孩子踢球把作者加的窗户打破，作者由于各种原因未修复，所以此处是“打破”的窗户。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我用了一些除锈剂，喷在生锈的框架周围，并使劲一拉。A. lazy懒惰的；B. strng强壮的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文中的“T my ___12___, it easily mved.”可知，作者以为很难拆掉，所以“用力”去拉。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我感到惊讶的是，窗户的框架很轻松地被扯掉了。A. disappintment失望；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. astnishment惊讶；D. encuragement鼓励。根据上文中的“I used sme rust (锈) remver, sprayed all arund the rusted frame, and gave it a ___11___ pull.”以及下文中的“it easily mved.”可知，此处表示作者感到很惊讶，原以为很难拆掉的窗户竟然很容易拆掉。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我本可以在事情发生的当天用12美元解决这个问题。A. same同样的；B. different不同的；C. early早的；D. new新的。根据空前的“I culd have fixed the prblem fr 12…”可知，此处表示的作者的一种假设，本可以就在事情发生的当天花费12美元修好的窗户，却迟迟未修复，表示“当天”也就是事情发生的同一天。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：实际上，这不仅仅是窗户的问题。A. Frequently频繁的；B. Actually实际上；C. Cnsequently因此；D. Unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据下文中的“Many f us tend t live with brken windws f ne type r anther fr years.”可知，作者在陈述一个事实，“实际上”，这根本不是一个窗户的问题。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与其说是现实让我们受难，不如说是想象让我们遭罪。A. experiment实验；B. discussin讨论；C. reactin反应；D. imaginatin想象。根据上文中的“I knew I needed t deal with it, but I had built up the ___7___ s much in my mind that I put it ff again and again.”可知，作者在大脑中不断构想着各种修复窗户的困难，导致作者被此事一致困扰着，在根据下文“I culd have fixed the prblem fr 12 the ___13___ day when it happened.”可知，实际上，本可以在事情发生当天花费12美元就能解决问题，由此可推断，很多时候，人们总是把困难想的太多，所以想象带来苦难远远大于现实中真正的痛苦。故选D项。
第Ⅱ卷(满分55分)
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thse wh haven’t been t the Mu Us may nt have an pprtunity t d s. The desert is disappearing frm____36____ map as it has been turned int an asis(绿洲)!
The Mu Us ____37____ (stretch) ver 42,200 square km between Shaan Xi and inner Mnglia Autnmus Regin, lying nrth f the Great Wall. In Mnglian, “Mu Us” means barren land ____38____ nthing can grw.
Hwever, the area was n desert in ancient times. It used t be grazing land ____39____ (sufficient) supplying grass and water fr sheep and cattle. Since the Tang Dynasty, it began t degrade because f excessive farming and vergrazing and ____40____ (year) f war.
In mdern times, the Mu Us, the furth ____41____ (large) desert in China, began t mve suthward and passed the Great Wall, ____42____ (attack) Yulin (Shaan Xi prvince). Lcal pastures(牧场) faced serius desertificatin, salinizatin and degradatin, and the villagers had t mve as the desert advanced. By the time Peple’s Republic f China ____43____ (fund), Yulin had nly 0.9 percent f frest cver. It became an urgent task ____44____ (blck) the sands.
Thanks t greening, the desert is pised t disappear. The feat(丰绩) wuldn’t have been achieved ____45____ natinal anti-desertificatin plicies and the effrts f generatins f ec-warrirs.
【答案】36. the
37. stretches
38. where 39. sufficiently
40 years 41. largest
42. attacking
43. was funded
44. t blck
45. withut
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了毛乌素地区由牧场变沙漠，新中国成立后又从沙漠变绿洲的过程。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：沙漠正在从地图上消失，因为它已经变成了绿洲。根据句意和空格后的名词map可知，空格处应该填入定冠词the，特指毛乌素沙漠所在的版图。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：毛乌素位于陕西和内蒙古自治区之间，位于长城以北，绵延42200多平方公里。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，由上下文的时态是一般现在时可知，该句子也应该用一般现在时；因为该句子主语是The Mu Us，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填stretches。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在蒙古语中，“毛乌素”的意思是寸草不生的不毛之地。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个定语从句，而先行词land是表地点的名词，且在从句中作地点状语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系副词where。故填where。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：它曾经是一块牧场，为牛羊提供充足的草和水。根据句意和所给形容词sufficient以及空格后的supplying可知，空格处应该填入sufficient的副词形式sufficiently作状语，修饰后面的现在分词supplying。故填sufficiently。
【40题详解】
考查可数名词单复数。句意：从唐代开始，由于过度耕作和过度放牧以及多年的战争，它开始退化。根据句意和所给可数名词year可知，空格处应该填入year的复数形式years，构成短语years f（多年的）。故填years。
【41题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在近代，毛乌素沙漠，中国第四大沙漠，开始向南移，越过长城，进攻陕西省榆林。根据句意和所给形容词large以及空格前的the furth可知，空格处应该填入large的最高级形式largest（the +序数词+最高级表示“第几个最……”）。故填largest。
【42题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：在近代，毛乌素沙漠，中国第四大沙漠，开始向南移，越过长城，进攻陕西省榆林。根据句意分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是began，所以所给动词attack应该是作状语，而句子的主语the Mu Us和动词attack之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词作状语。故填attacking。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：中华人民共和国成立时，玉林的森林覆盖率仅为0.9%。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是从句的谓语部分，根据后面主句的时态是一般过去时，从句也应该用一般过去时；从句的主语Peple’s Republic f China和所给动词fund之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。故填was funded。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：堵住沙子成了一项紧迫的任务。根据句意和所给动词blck分析句子可知，句中的it是形式主语，所以空格处应该填入不定式形式t blck，因为t blck the sands是句子真正的主语。故填t。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：如果没有国家的防沙治沙政策和一代又一代生态卫士的努力，就不可能取得这样的成就。 根据句意和句中的虚拟语气以及空格后的名词短语natinal anti-desertificatin plicies and the effrts f generatins f ec-warrirs可知，空格处应该介词withut构成介词短语，相当于一个虚拟条件句。故填withut。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，是一所国际学校摄影社团的负责人，该社团打算征集以“中国航天”为主题的短视频，以唤起学生对航天事业的热爱。请你在学校网站写一则通知，内容包括：
1.征集短视频的目的;
2.对征集作品的要求;
3.欢迎参加
注意：1.写作词数应为80字左右：
2.中国航天：China Aerspace
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ntice
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Phtgraphy Grup
【答案】Ntice
T aruse students’ awareness f explratin f space and get a better understanding f China’s space develpment, ur phtgraphy grup will cllect shrt vides with the theme f China Aerspace.
As is required, the vide is suppsed t last abut 15minutes. Meanwhile it shuld vividly shw the develpment f China’s space industry and the great achievement made in space prgramme.
Everyne is welcme t participate in the activity. Fr mre infrmatin, please cntact us via e-mail.
Phtgraphy Grup
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生在学校网站写一则通知，征集以“中国航天”为主题的短视频，以唤起学生对航天事业的热爱。。
【详解】1.词汇积累
要求：require→demand
同时：meanwhile→at the same time
展示：shw→demnstrate
联系：cntact →cnnect
2.句式拓展
简单句变倒装句
原句： Meanwhile it shuld vividly shw the develpment f China’s space industry and the great achievement made in space prgramme.
拓展句： Nt nly shuld it vividly shw the develpment f China’s space industry but it als demnstrates the great achievement made in space prgramme.
【点睛】[高分句型1]As is required, the vide is suppsed t last abut 15minutes. (运用了as引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]Meanwhile it shuld vividly shw the develpment f China’s space industry and the great achievement made in space prgramme (运用了非谓语动词作后置定语)
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was eight ’clck n a cld spring night. Our apartment was full f the artwrk f an energeic five-year-ld. The huse was in a mess.
I was s tired that night. I had depended n a walking stick t g anywhere fr seven weeks, recvering frm an peratin, and I culdn’t find a way t cheer myself up.
The phne rang - fr the sixth time in less than an hur. I knew wh it was. My mther had been suffering frm dementia (痴呆). Thugh we visited her every few days, she believed that her daughters had nt visited in mnths. She thught that her friend Jimmy never wanted t see her again, but he called her and visited weekly.
She had n idea that she had repeated the things she was abut t say a millin times tday and a millin times the day befre. She had n idea that I had an peratin, nr culd she remember her wn grandaughter’s name. She frgt mst f her wn past and she drifted in the present. Als, she was lnely.
This time I cast my anger at the easiest target: my mther, the very victim f this chance hrrr. “Mm!” I shuted. “We visited tw days ag! Yu have t believe me, and even if yu dn’t, I cannt talk anymre! Everything is fine!”
Silence. Then: “I was nly calling t say hi. Why are yu shuting?!” she cntinued. “D yu have a minute?”
“N, Mm, I dn’t. I can’t stand this!”
I sat n the cuch, defeated. I was suddenly aware f all that my daughter was watching me shuting at my mther and lsing my patience. I have failed at being a gd example t my daughter.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My daughter apprached me, saying, “Can I talk t Grandma Ellie?”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After many kissing nises, they eventually hung up.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My daughter apprached me, saying, “Can I talk t Grandma Ellie?” Wrdlessly, I ndded, handing the phne ver. My impatience t my mther was cmpletely expsed t her. What a shame! Then my daughter reached fr the phne. “Hi, Grandma!” I heard my mther exclaim thrugh the receiver: “Sweetheart! Hw are yu? Did yu g t schl tday?” My daughter replied with a sft vice. The next mment witnessed their happy cnversatin. Shck washed ver me when I heard my daughter singing t her grandmther.
After many kissing nises, they eventually hung up. Wrds failed me when I saw my daughter’s caring fr her grandmther with extreme patience. I was ashamed f my lsing temper. Tuched by her warm behavir, I was sft inside, nt tired r angry any mre. Immediately I dialed the number f my mther. It was my daughter wh taught me what the patience was.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作者正在经历术后恢复期，因为随时都要拄着拐杖，加之患痴呆的母亲不断打电话让作者去看望她，这让她心情郁闷、烦躁。这天，母亲又打来电话，作者没能控制住自己的情绪，在电话里对着母亲大喊。事后作者才意识到她刚才的行为都被女儿看在眼里。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“我女儿走近我，说:‘我能和艾丽奶奶说话吗?’”可知，下文可描写作者女儿和奶奶在电话里快乐的互动，以及作者对此的反应。
②根据第二段首句“在一阵亲吻声之后，他们终于挂断了电话”可知，下文可描写作者反省和感悟，以及采取的行动。
2.续写线索：女儿要求和奶奶通话——热情打招呼——愉快的交流——作者的反应——挂断电话——作者反省自己——感动和感悟——采取行动
3.词类激活
行为类
①回答：reply/answer/respnd
②见证：witness/see
③感动：mve/tuch
情绪类
①无言地，默默地：wrdlessly/speechlessly
②快乐的：happy/pleasant
③羞愧的：ashamed/abashed
【点睛】[高分句型1]Shck washed ver me when I heard my daughter singing t her grandmther.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]It was my daughter wh taught me what the patience was.（运用了what引导的宾语从句和强调句）
听力答案:1—5 CACAB 6—10 ACCBC 11—15 ABBAC 16—20 ABBAC