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四川省成都市第七中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份四川省成都市第七中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析），共28页。试卷主要包含了 答非选择题时，必须使用 0， 考试结束后，只将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(总分：150 分 考试时间：120 分钟)
注意事项：
1. 答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
2. 答选择题时，必须使用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3. 答非选择题时，必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。
4. 所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
5. 考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw des the wman prbably feel?
A. Srry. B. Annyed. C. Excited.
2. What did the wman frget t bring with her?
A. Her cmputer. B. Her train ticket. C. Her phne charger.
3. Which subject has the man finished hmewrk fr?
A. Maths. B. Science. C. Histry.
4. What time is it nw?
A. It’s 3:00 pm. B. It’s 4:00 pm. C. It’s 5:00 pm.
5. What des the wman mainly mean?
A. She wn’t wrk fr the man.
B. She frgt t call the man back.
C. She wants the man t pay mre.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Why des the man teach the wman vide chatting?
A. He will wrk abrad.
B. He wants t save mney.
C. She’s bught a new smart phne.
7. What des the wman think f learning vide chatting?
A. Useless. B. Difficult. C. Interesting.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is Dan wrried abut at first?
A. His family. B. His bilgy paper. C. His birthday party.
9. What will Sue d ver the weekend?
A. Wrk n her schlwrk. B. Read at the library. C. Attend a party.
10. Whse birthday is cming sn?
A. Sue’s grandmther’s. B. Sue’s mther’s. C. Sue’s uncle’s.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where are the speakers?
A. At a party. B. At an ffice. C. At a clthing cmpany.
12. What is the man ding?
A. Raising mney fr his business.
B. Designing clthes fr the wman.
C. Persuading the wman t buy fewer clthes.
13. Hw des the man sund?
A. Stressed. B. Ambitius. C. Dubtful.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. A watch. B. A camera. C. A crime.
15. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Plicewman and citizen. B. Neighburs. C. Friends.
16. What did the man ntice?
A. A lud nise. B. A white car. C. A piece f jewellery.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw ften des the speaker meet the grup?
A. Every day. B. Every five days. C. Every seven days.
18. What will be grwn this time?
A. Flwers. B. Fruit. C. Vegetables.
19. What des the speaker expect the listeners t d?
A. Welcme each ther. B. Exercise every day. C. Enjy themselves.
20. What is the speaker prbably?
A. A gardening teacher. B. A building designer. C. A fitness trainer.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Chelmsfrd Sprts Centre
Chelmsfrd Sprts Centre is a cmmunity gym situated in the heart f Nrth West Chelmsfrd, easily accessible by bike, car r public transprt. We prvide first-class facilities fr the lcal cmmunity.
Features
Take advantage f the latest equipment, tw free-weights area and a functinal training zne! Our health and fitness team will supprt yu t achieve yur gals. If yu want sme ne-t-ne help in the gym, yu can als bk persnal training sessins. Our gym is pen t thse aged 14 and ver.
Accessibility
Our changing rms are lcated n the grund flr, past receptin and n the right-hand side. The first flr is currently clsed fr refurbishment (整修), and will be expanded t include a larger area as well as a larger variety f equipment. Hwever, the grund flr is still pen with a wide range f equipment fr yu t use.
Prices
We charge higher fares during peak hurs.
– Peak fares: Mnday t Friday between 07:00 and 09:00, and between 17:00 and 20:00
– Off-peak fares: at all ther times
1. What d we knw abut Chelmsfrd Sprts Centre?
A. It is situated in West Chelmsfrd.
B. It ffers free persnal training sessins.
C. There are three functinal training znes.
D. A 12-year-ld girl is nt allwed t enter the gym.
2. What impact may the refurbishment have n the gym?
A. It may expand the space f the grund flr.
B. It may bring mre varius kinds f equipment.
C. It may change the lcatin f the receptin area.
D. It may clse the gym t the public fr a perid f time.
3. Hw much d tw adults with ne teenager need t pay fr the gym at 18:00 n Saturday?
A. £20.40.B. £21.00.C. £22.70.D. £23.50.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是Chelmsfrd体育中心的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Features部分中的“Our gym is pen t thse aged 14 and ver.(我们的健身中心对14岁及以上的人开放。)”可知，Chelmsfrd对14岁及以上的人开放，所以12岁的女孩不允许进入。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Accessibility 部分中的“The first flr is currently clsed fr refurbishment (整修), and will be expanded t include a larger area as well as a larger variety f equipment.(一楼目前正在关闭进行整修，并将进行扩建，以包括更大的面积和更多种类的设备。)”可知，一楼正在整修，并将扩建，以提供更多种类的设备，由此可知，整修可能带来更多种类的设备。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prices中的“Peak fares: Mnday t Friday between 07:00 and 09:00, and between 17:00 and 20:00. Off-peak fares: at all ther times(高峰票价：周一至周五07:00至09:00，17:00至20:00。非高峰时段票价：在所有其他时间)”以及表格中的“Standard: Peak prices £8.10; Off-peak prices £7.20；Discunted (fr teenagers): Peak prices £7.30; Off-peak prices £6.60(标准：高峰价格8.10英镑；非高峰价格7.20英镑；折扣(青少年)：高峰价格7.30英镑；非高峰价格为6.60英镑)”可知，在周六的时候应属于非高峰时段，成年人的价格是每人£7.20，青少年的价格是打折价为6.60英镑，所以两个成年人和一个青少年在周六去该体育中心的费用是：£7.20*2+£6.60=£21.00。故选B项。
B
I still remember my friends giving me the advice: Try smething new. I was stressed and, f curse, als n my phne t much. I was writing abut fd fr wrk, s cking didn’t really cunt as a hbby anymre, nr did reading, nr scialising, especially since all f my friends wrked in my industry. I needed smething in my life that existed apart frm all that.
“Maybe smething yu can d with yur hands.” The suggestin felt like an escape exit: Maybe a hbby culd free me frm my wrk. Cking had nce been the thing I did t relax when I gt hme frm wrk, the thing I was curius abut, and the thing that made my brain away frm its standard cmplaints. The kitchen had nce been a release, but nw it was part f my prfessinal life. It needed a replacement. A few mnths later, I dutifully signed up fr a ceramics (制陶艺术) class at a studi near my apartment.
At the studi, I started as a lazy learner, but after a few mnths I became addicted, signing up fr mre classes when my term ended. I had a place t g in my free time and smething t be curius abut, and my gals were unrelated t uter frces: a bss, a jb, a market, a reader. Unlike with writing, my prgress was quantifiable (可量化的): Nw I can make a vase this tall. Nw I have made a pt. Nw my handles are beautiful. Nw I have made tw things that mre r less lk like a pair.
Finally finding a hbby that is just fr my wn enjyment is a release. I enjy having smething t d that desn’t invlve a screen and therefre feels far frm the style f wrk t which I am mst accustmed – hands cvered in clay cannt swipe (滑屏) very well. Making time fr this als means carving ut time, fr creatin and inspiratin, and als fr the rest that is required fr me t reflect n my life. It is smething mre than a new hbby. This is the peace that everyne needs in ur life.
4. What is true abut the authr’s current prfessin?
A. It is als the authr’s hbby.
B. It requires the authr t use the phne a lt.
C. The authr is ppular in the cking industry.
D. The authr recrds and psts thers’ cking nline.
5. What can we learn frm Paragraph 3?
A. The authr was tired f ceramics classes.
B. The authr had n gals fr learning ceramics.
C. The authr gradually tk up ceramics as a hbby.
D. Outer frces played a part in the authr’s prgress in ceramics.
6 Hw des the authr feel with the new hbby?
A. Calm.B. Cnfident.C. Inspired.D. Energetic.
7. What’s the writing purpse f this text?
A. T shw the benefits f having a hbby.B. T share a stry f a balance f life.
C. T intrduce an interesting hbby.D. T help readers chse a new hbby.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过描述作者自身的经历和体会，表达了为了享受生活而找到一个爱好有许多好处，是一种释放和放松，是我们每个人生活中都需要的一种平静的观点。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I was stressed and, f curse, als n my phne t much.”（我压力很大，当然，我用手机也太多了。）可知，作者现在的工作需要经常使用手机。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“At the studi, I started as a lazy learner, but after a few mnths I became addicted, signing up fr mre classes when my term ended.”（在工作室里，一开始我是一个懒惰的学习者，但几个月后我就上瘾了，学期结束时我报了更多的课。）和“I had a place t g in my free time and smething t be curius abut, and my gals were unrelated t uter frces: a bss, a jb, a market, a reader.”（我在空闲时间有地方可去，有东西让我好奇，我的目标与外部力量无关:老板、工作、市场、读者。）可知，作者是逐渐喜欢上了陶艺课，会在空闲时间去主动学习、制作，可见陶艺已经逐渐成为了他的一种爱好。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is smething mre than a new hbby. This is the peace that everyne needs in ur life.”（这不仅仅是一种新的爱好，这是我们生活中每个人都需要的平静。）可知，作者认为新爱好会让人感到平静。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Finally finding a hbby that is just fr my wn enjyment is a release.”（最终找到一个只是为了我自己的享受的爱好，是一种释放。）、“Making time fr this als means carving ut time, fr creatin and inspiratin, and als fr the rest that is required fr me t reflect n my life.”（腾出时间来做这些也意味着腾出时间来创造和灵感，也意味着腾出时间来反思我的生活。）和“It is smething mre than a new hbby. This is the peace that everyne needs in ur life.”（这不仅仅是一种新的爱好，这是我们生活中每个人都需要的平静。）及全文内容可知，本文主要表达了拥有一个爱好的好处，可以让我们得到释放，反思生活，感受到平静。故选A。
C
In tday’s mtivatinal literature, failure is ften viewed as smething t be celebrated. Inspiratinal speakers are fnd f quting the wrds f the nvelist Samuel Beckett—“Fail again. Fail better.” It seems that disappintments are an essential stepping stne t success, a turning pint in ur life stry that will ultimately end in victry.
Hwever, psychlgical researches find mst f us struggle t handle failure cnstructively. In ther wrds, we fail t “fail frward”. We find ways t devalue the task at which we failed, and becme less mtivated t persevere(坚持) and reach ur gals. This phenmenn is knwn as the “sur-grape effect”, which was discvered by Prfessr Hallgeir Sjastad.
Sjastad explains that “sur-grape effect” is a self-prtective mechanism(机制). “Mst f us picture urselves as able peple, s when feedback(反馈) frm thers suggests the ppsite, it pses a serius threat t that self-image,” he says. “The easiest way ut is t deny r explain away the utside signal, s we can keep a psitive sense f self. We d this even withut nticing.”
If yu have ne bad interview fr yur dream jb, yu might cnvince yurself that yu dn’t really want it at all, and stp applying fr similar psitins. The same ges if yu fail t impress at a sprts trial, r if yu lse a singing cntest. “We tend t explain away ur shrtcmings and cnvince urselves ur ‘Plan C’ is actually ur ‘Plan A’,” Sjastad says.
It desn’t mean we shuld persevere in gals all the time. It can be healthy t change if the prcess is n lnger making us happy. But the “sur-grape effect” may lead us t cme t this decisin prematurely, rather than hanging n a little and seeing whether we might learn and imprve.
Failures are unavidable. By learning t face the disappintment instead f devaluing its imprtance and pretending nthing happened, hwever, yu may find it easier t achieve yur gals.
8. Why des the authr mentin the speech f inspiratinal speakers in Paragraph 1?
A. T ffer an apprach t handling failure.
B. T intrduce a cmmn attitude twards failure.
C. T emphasize the imprtance f experiencing failure.
D. T discuss the relatinship between success and failure.
9. What can we learn frm Paragraph 3 abut the “sur-grape effect”?
A. It des harm t ur self-image.B. It pictures us as perfect peple.
C. It prtects us frm false feedback.D. It makes us refuse negative feedback t urselves.
10. What des the underlined wrd “prematurely” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Hurriedly.B. Mistakenly.C. Unhappily.D. Carelessly.
11. Which statement wuld the authr mst prbably agree with?
A. Get ready t replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”.
B. Never frget t maintain a psitive sense f self.
C. Dn’t quit when gals n lnger make yu happy.
D. Dn’t escape when ur self-image gets challenged.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。大多数人难以积极地应对失败，在失败时就会贬低自己的任务，缺乏动力去坚持目标，这种心理现象就是酸葡萄效应。但酸葡萄效应可能会产生负面影响，所以我们要学会面对失败，而不是一味地贬低失败的事情并假装一切没有发生，这样才能让我们更容易达到我们的目标。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In tday’s mtivatinal literature, failure is ften viewed as smething t be celebrated. Inspiratinal speakers are fnd f quting the wrds f the nvelist Samuel Beckett—‘Fail again. Fail better.’(在今天的励志文学中，失败常常被视为值得庆祝的事情。富有励志演讲者喜欢引用小说家塞缪尔·贝克特的话——‘再次失败。失败得更好。’)”可知，作者提到励志演讲者引用的话“再次失败。失败得更好。”是想证明如今的励志文学常常将失败视为值得庆祝的事情，由此可推测出，作者想要介绍对待失败的普遍态度。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Sjastad explains that ‘sur-grape effect’ is a self-prtective mechanism(机制). ‘Mst f us picture urselves as able peple, s when feedback(反馈) frm thers suggests the ppsite, it pses a serius threat t that self-image,’ he says. (Sjastad解释说，‘酸葡萄效应’是一种自我保护机制。‘我们大多数人都认为自己是有能力的人，所以当外部反馈不是这样时，它会对自我形象构成严重威胁，’他说。)”和“The easiest way ut is t deny r explain away the utside signal, s we can keep a psitive sense f self.(最简单的解决方法是否认或为这种辩解信号辩解，这样我们就可以保持积极的自我意识。)”可知，“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制，当外部反馈与自我形象不一致时，我们就会否认或为这种外部信号辩解，从而保护自己。由此可推测出，“酸葡萄效应”会否认外界对于我们的负面反馈。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“rather than hanging n a little and seeing whether we might learn and imprve”可知，而不是坚持一会儿，看看我们是否可以学习和提高，这里应与rather than后的内容相反，表示的是我们会提前做出不再坚持这种决定，prematurely意为“提前地。过早地，仓促地”，与A项“匆忙地”意思最接近。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By learning t face the disappintment instead f devaluing its imprtance and pretending nthing happened, hwever, yu may find it easier t achieve yur gals.(然而，通过学会面对失望，而不是贬低它的重要性并且假装什么都没发生，你可能会发现实现目标更容易。)”可知，作者在最后建议要学会面对失败带来的失望，而不是贬低失败并假装一切都没发生过，这样会更加有助于实现目标。由此可推测出，作者认为当我们的自我形象受到质疑时，不要一味地逃避。故选D。
D
If yu plan t live anther 10 years, yu shuld expect t live in a wrld with machines ding things yu dn’t like ding tday. Even mre will be dne withut yur lifting the finger. It’s nt nly simple tasks such as cleaning, laundry and dishes. High-end services previusly nt accessible t yu will nw be in yur ecnmic grasp. Yur persnal rbt will knw yu better than yu knw yurself. This almst unimaginable lifestyle culd becme cmmn fr the public, because f the achievements f artificial intelligence (AI) and rbtics t date and the fact that 5G is n the way t prvide.
The reasns t be fearful f AI and rbtics are well-funded. AI can cmpete with ur brains and rbts can cmpete with ur bdies. And in many cases, they can beat us handily already. And the mre time that passes, the better these emerging technlgies will becme, while ur wn capabilities (能力) are expected t remain mre r less the same.
There has been a lve-hate relatinship between individuals and big cmpanies lng befre the present era f big tech, but when big tech, AI and rbtics wrk tgether, it gets even scarier.
Tmrrw’s big tech cmpanies may make use f AI and thus cntrl the lives f their users t sme degree. In such a wrld, third-party rganisatins may knw mre abut us than we knw abut urselves. Decisins will be made n ur behalf and increasingly withut ur awareness, and thse decisins wn’t necessarily be in ur best interests.
These issues are freseeable, and the stakes (风险) are high. S, what can be dne? In rder t achieve the highest pssible public trust in the benefits f AI and rbtics in ur lives, there are three things urgent fr actin. First, the industry’s AI and rbtics leaders must start t cmbine cnsumers’ interests in safety and privacy int their technlgy fferings – smething we haven’t seen befre in the develpment f the Internet and mbile markets. Secnd, big tech cmpanies and their smaller start-up siblings, shuld supprt cmmn agreements, principles, prtcls, standards and ther plicies. The mre plicy structure there is in place that prtects cnsumer interests, the mre trust AI and rbtics deserve. Finally, a trusted rganisatin shuld design and carry ut a reliable means f creating and prtecting the new AI and rbtics plicy structure frm bad influence.
Luckily, althugh the gap between tech advances and the lagging plicy structure is widening, there is still time t catch up – if we act nw.
The cmbinatin f AI, rbtics and big tech cmpanies is ptentially dangerus, but by taking the apprpriate steps nw we can avid these dangers and enjy the huge ptential benefits that they have t ffer.
12. Which is amng the reasns fr peple’s fear f AI and rbtics?
A. AI, rbtics and 5G can wrk tgether.B. The new lifestyles cannt be imagined.
C. AI and rbtics keep imprving nnstp.D. AI and rbtics can d everything fr us.
13. Which f the fllwing can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Big tech cmpanies will cntrl peple’s life cmpletely.
B. The benefits brught by AI and rbtics cannt be enjyed.
C. The relatinship between humans and big cmpanies may be scary.
D. The third-party rganisatin will make decisins fr humans’ gd.
14. Accrding t the passage, hw can trusted AI and rbtics be built?
A. Mre plicies that prtect AI and rbtics shuld be made.
B. AI and rbtics shuld be cntrlled by big tech cmpanies.
C. The develpment f AI and rbtics shuld be slwed dwn.
D. Cnsumers’ interests in safety and privacy shuld be cnsidered.
15. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. Achieving Trusted AI and Rbtics by Making Plicies
B. Aviding the Ptential Dangers f AI, Rbtics and Big Tech
C. AI and Rbtics Creating a New Lifestyle fr Human Beings
D. AI, Rbtics and 5G Wrking Tgether t Benefit Human Beings
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述人工智能、机器人和大型科技公司的结合是潜在的危险，我们应该采取措施避免这些危险，才能享受它们提供的巨大潜在好处。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And the mre time that passes, the better these emerging technlgies will becme, while ur wn capabilities (能力) are expected t remain mre r less the same.(时间流逝得越久，这些新兴技术就会变得越好，而我们自己的能力预计将保持大致相同。)”可知，新兴科技随着时间的推移汇编的越来越好，而我们自己预计保持大致相同，由此可知，人们害怕人工智能和机器人的原因是人工智能和机器人技术不断进步。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“There has been a lve-hate relatinship between individuals and big cmpanies lng befre the present era f big tech, but when big tech, AI and rbtics wrk tgether, it gets even scarier. (早在当今科技巨头时代之前，个人和大公司之间就存在着一种又爱又恨的关系，但当科技巨头、人工智能和机器人一起工作时，这种关系就变得更加可怕了。)”可知，个人与大公司之间存在着一种又爱又恨的关系，由此可知，人类和大公司之间并不总是和谐的关系。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In rder t achieve the highest pssible public trust in the benefits f AI and rbtics in ur lives, there are three things urgent fr actin.(为了获得公众对人工智能和机器人技术在我们生活中的好处的最高信任，有三件事迫切需要采取行动。)”可知，要想获得公众对人工智能和机器人技术的最高信任，有三件事急需采取行动，结合下文中的“First, the industry’s AI and rbtics leaders must start t cmbine cnsumers’ interests in safety and privacy int their technlgy fferings – smething we haven’t seen befre in the develpment f the Internet and mbile markets.(首先，该行业的人工智能和机器人领导者必须开始将消费者对安全和隐私的兴趣结合到他们的技术产品中——这是我们在互联网和移动市场的发展中从未见过的。)”可知，其中的第一点就是要将消费者对安全和隐私的兴趣结合到他们的技术产品中去，由此可知，建立可信的人工智能和机器人就应考虑消费者在安全和隐私方面的利益。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“This almst unimaginable lifestyle culd becme cmmn fr the public, because f the achievements f artificial intelligence (AI) and rbtics t date and the fact that 5G is n the way t prvide.(由于人工智能(AI)和机器人技术迄今取得的成就，以及5G即将提供的服务，这种几乎难以想象的生活方式可能会在公众中变得普遍。)”可知，人工智能和机器人技术的发展以及5G即将提供的服务，让我们的生活方式将发生很大的改变，结合下文中的对人工智能和机器人技术的发展对人类带来的危险，可知，人工智能和机器人技术的发展要活的人类的最高信任有三件事急需采取行动，结合尾段“The cmbinatin f AI, rbtics and big tech cmpanies is ptentially dangerus, but by taking the apprpriate steps nw we can avid these dangers and enjy the huge ptential benefits that they have t ffer.(人工智能、机器人技术和大型科技公司的结合有潜在的危险，但通过采取适当的措施，我们可以避免这些危险，并享受它们所带来的巨大潜在好处。)”可知，我们如果能够采取适当的措施可以避免这些危险，并可以享受他们带来的巨大潜在的好处，由此可知，本文主要讲述的是如果我们采取适当的措施避免人工智能和机器人技术带来的危险，可以享受他们带来的巨大潜力的好处，所以本文的标题为“我们能避免人工智能、机器人和大型科技公司的潜在危险吗？”涵盖了本文的内容，以提问的形式引起读者的思考，且可以概括本文的主题。故选C项。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw much time d yu spend ding research befre yu make a decisin? There are peple wh g ver every detail exhaustively befre making a chice. ____16____ Psychlgists call this way f thinking a cgnitive bias (偏见), a tendency tward a specific mental mistake.
T study “jumping”, we examined decisin-making patterns amng mre than 600 peple frm the general ppulatin. We fund that jumpers made mre errrs than nn-jumpers n prblems that require thughtful analysis. ____17____ In a quiz abut US civics, they verestimated the chance that their answers were right much mre than ther participants did – even when their answers were wrng.
S what is behind “jumping”? Psychlgical researchers cmmnly distinguish between tw pathways f thught: autmatic system, which reflects ideas that cme t the mind easily, spntaneusly and withut effrt, and cntrlled system including cnscius and effrtful reasning. Jumpers and nn-jumpers are equally influenced by autmatic thughts. ____18____ It is the cntrlled system that helps peple avid mental biases intrduced by the autmatic system. As a result, jumpers were mre likely t accept the cnclusins made at first blush withut further questining. A lack f cntrlled thinking is als mre bradly cnnected t their prblematic beliefs and faulty reasning.
____19____ A methd called metacgnitive training can be used t target their biases, which can help peple think mre deliberatively. In this training, participants are cnfrnted with their wn biases. They can learn abut the missteps and ther ways f thinking thrugh the prblem at hand. It helps t chip away at participants’ vercnfidence.
In everyday life, the questin f whether we shuld think things thrugh r instead g with ur guts is a frequent and imprtant ne. ____20____ Smetimes the mst imprtant decisin we make can be t take sme mre time befre making a chice.
A. Happily, there may be sme hpe fr jumpers.
B. Als, jumpers had prblems with vercnfidence.
C. But a fair number f individuals are quick t jump t cnclusins.
D. It is certainly pssible fr them t verthink things t take a decisin.
E. We plan t cntinue the wrk t trace ther prblems intrduced by jumping.
F. The jumpers, hwever, did nt engage in cntrlled reasning t the same degree as nn-jumpers.
G. Recent studies shw that even gathering just a little bit mre evidence may help us avid a majr mistake.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助，一种叫元认知训练的方法可以帮助那些急于得出结论的人。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“Hw much time d yu spend ding research befre yu make a decisin? There are peple wh g ver every detail exhaustively befre making a chice.(你在做决定之前花了多少时间做研究？有些人在做出选择之前会仔细考虑每一个细节。)”可知，有些人在作出选择前会仔细考虑每个细节，空后的“Psychlgists call this way f thinking a cgnitive bias (偏见), a tendency tward a specific mental mistake.(心理学家称这种思维方式为认知偏差(cgnitive bias)，即倾向于某种特定的心理错误。)”可知，心理学家指出这种思维方式为认知偏差，与空前提到的做选择前考虑每个细节的人不同，由此可知，此空处应提到有认知偏差的人，C选项“But a fair number f individuals are quick t jump t cnclusins. (但相当一部分人很快就会得出结论)”讲述的是一些很快得出结论的一部分人，呼应上文仔细考虑每一个细节的人，与空前的内容为转折关系，符合逻辑，but为解题的关键信息。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据空前的“We fund that jumpers made mre errrs than nn-jumpers n prblems that require thughtful analysis. (我们发现，在需要深思熟虑分析的问题上，急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多。)”可知，研究发现急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多，结合空后的“In a quiz abut US civics, they verestimated the chance that their answers were right much mre than ther participants did – even when their answers were wrng. (在一次关于美国公民的测验中，他们大大高估了自己答案正确的几率——即使他们的答案是错误的。)”可推知，急于得出结论的人不仅容易犯错，而且还大大高估自己答案的正确几率，由此可知，此空处应是讲述急于得出结论的人的过于自信，B选项“Als, jumpers had prblems with vercnfidence.(此外，急于得出结论的人也有过度自信的问题)”中的als可知，此处继续讲述急于得出结论的人的问题，符合题意，呈上启下。故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“Psychlgical researchers cmmnly distinguish between tw pathways f thught: autmatic system, which reflects ideas that cme t the mind easily, spntaneusly and withut effrt, and cntrlled system including cnscius and effrtful reasning. Jumpers and nn-jumpers are equally influenced by autmatic thughts.(心理学研究人员通常将思维分为两种途径：一种是自动系统，它反映了头脑中容易、自发和不需要努力的想法；另一种是控制系统，包括有意识和努力的推理。)”可知，两类人都受到自动思维的影响，但因为是两种不同的人，因此他们在受影响的程度，或思维模式方面可能有所不同，F选项“The jumpers, hwever, did nt engage in cntrlled reasning t the same degree as nn-jumpers. (然而，急于得出结论的人并没有像仔细思考者那样进行控制推理。)”中的cntrlled reasning与空前的“cntrlled system including cnscius and effrtful reasning”内容相关，符合题意，承接上文，指出了他们的不同之处，且与空前的内容为转折关系，其中的hwever也是解题的关键信息。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据空后的“A methd called metacgnitive training can be used t target their biases, which can help peple think mre deliberatively. (一种叫做元认知训练的方法可以用来针对他们的偏见，这可以帮助人们更慎重地思考。)”可知，一种叫做元认知训练可以帮助人们更慎重地思考，有方法帮助急于得出结论的人克服他们的问题，由此可知，本段讲述的内容与上文中讲述的急于得出结论的人的问题不同，讲述的是解决急于得出结论的人问题的方法，A选项“Happily, there may be sme hpe fr jumpers.(令人高兴的是，急于得出结论的人或许还有一线希望。)”讲述的内容把话题从上文讲述的急于得出结论的人的问题分析过渡到下文中讲述的解决急于得出结论的人问题的方法，符合题意。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据空前的“In everyday life, the questin f whether we shuld think things thrugh r instead g with ur guts is a frequent and imprtant ne.(在日常生活中，我们是应该把事情想清楚，还是应该凭直觉做事，这是一个经常出现的重要问题。)”可知，我们在日常生活中经常考虑是把事情想清楚还是凭直觉做事情，结合空后的“Smetimes the mst imprtant decisin we make can be t take sme mre time befre making a chice.(有时候，我们做的最重要的决定可能是在做出选择之前多花点时间。)”可知，相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助，由此可知，此空处应是说明我们在作出决定的时候是采取按照直觉还是深思熟虑，G选项“Recent studies shw that even gathering just a little bit mre evidence may help us avid a majr mistake.(最近的研究表明，即使多收集一点证据，也可能帮助我们避免犯重大错误。)”通过研究发现的结论来说明，在作出决定前，深思熟虑会让我们避免重大错误，与空前的内容衔接，且与空后的内容吻合，符合题意。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
“Hi! Hw are yu?” A wman smiled as she tk the seat beside me. She squeezed her fat bdy int the seat, and I ____21____ a little twards the windw, feeling wrried silently abut the lng hurs f ____22____ I was ging t experience with this “enrmus mnster” beside me.
She said, “My name is Laura. Since we’re ging t spend six hurs side by side, we’d better be friends.” She didn’t ____23____ my unfriendly reactins. She talked ____24____ abut herself and her trip t Hng Kng.
I gave her ne-wrd answers t her questins abut me. Nt affected by my ____25____, she ndded as she made ____26____ abut my answers. She was warm and cnsiderate, ____27____ that I had enugh rm t stretch in my seat. I culdn’t help but let dwn my ____28____ slwly. Laura was s interesting that she made every crew member n the plane wh ____29____ us walk away laughing at her jkes.
I asked Laura, “Have yu ever ______30______ lsing sme weight?” “N, I dn’t trust the advertisements frm fitness centres.” “Yu aren’t wrried abut the diseases that cme with being ______31______?” “Nt at all. I eat ______32______ and walk frequently; I’m this size, and the reasn is that I was brn t be big! There is mre t life than wrrying abut weight all day lng.” She drank her wine. “Besides, I have s much ______33______ that I need a bigger bdy t hld all f it! Why wuld I lse weight t lse my happiness?”
______34______ by her unusual reasning, I smiled. I suddenly ______35______ that Laura was the mst beautiful wman I had ever met in my life.
21. A. mvedB. turnedC. walkedD. changed
22. A. darknessB. discmfrtC. silenceD. tiredness
23 A. think highly fB. take part inC. catch up withD. take ntice f
24. A. nervuslyB. gentlyC. sadlyD. excitedly
25. A. cldnessB. disappintmentC. dubtD. cnfidence
26. A. ntesB. cmmentsC. mistakesD. nises
27. A. letting utB. agreeing nC. making sureD. feeling like
28. A. ideaB. seatC. guardD. attentin
29. A. awkeB. avidedC. calledD. served
30. A. cnsideredB. cmbinedC. reactedD. excused
31. A. anxiusB. weakC. embarrassedD. verweight
32. A. slwlyB. healthilyC. luckilyD. actively
33. A. happinessB. wrkC. painD. wealth
34. A. ExhaustedB. UpsetC. AmazedD. Frightened
35. A. prvedB. realizedC. imaginedD. remembered
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述是作者乘飞机时的邻座是一个肥胖的女士，她的热情周到以及对肥胖的见解看法，让作者发现她是自己见过的最美的女人。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把肥胖的身体挤到座位上，我向窗边挪了挪，心里暗暗担心，这个“巨大的怪物”在我身边，我将经历长时间的不适。A. mved移动；B. turned转向；C. walked散步；D. changed改变。根据上文中的“She squeezed her fat bdy int the seat”可知，作者的邻座应该是很胖，所以，此处指的是作者向窗边“移动”一下，给她留出足够的空间。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把肥胖的身体挤到座位上，我向窗边挪了挪，心里暗暗担心，这个“巨大的怪物”在我身边，我将经历长时间的不适。A. darkness黑暗；B. discmfrt不适；C. silence沉默；D. tiredness疲惫。根据下文中的“I was ging t experience with this “enrmus mnster” beside me.”可知，作者觉得这个“巨大的怪物”在身边，自己应该经历长时间的“不适”符合语境。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她没有注意到我不友好的反应。A. think highly f高度评价；B. take part in参加；C. catch up with赶上；D. take ntice f注意到。根据上文中的“She said, “My name is Laura. Since we’re ging t spend six hurs side by side, we’d better be friends.””可知，Laura自我介绍，相遇作者交朋友，结合下文中的“my unfriendly reactins.”可知，Laura应该是没有“注意到”作者的不友好的反应。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她兴奋地谈论着她自己和她的香港之行。A. nervusly紧张地；B. gently轻柔地；C. sadly伤心地；D. excitedly激动地。根据下文中的“Laura was s interesting that she made every crew member n the plane wh ____9____ us walk away laughing at her jkes.”可知，Laura非常的有趣，飞机上的每个机组成员都被她的笑话逗乐，由此可知，此处指的是Laura“兴奋地”说着自己以及她的香港之旅。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有被我的冷淡所影响，在评论我的回答时点了点头。A. cldness冷淡，寒冷；B. disappintment失望；C. dubt怀疑；D. cnfidence信心。根据上文中的“She didn’t ____3____ my unfriendly reactins.”可知，作者对Laura并不友好，由此可知，此处指的是“冷淡”符合语境。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有被我的冷淡所影响，在评论我的回答时点了点头。A. ntes注释；B. cmments评论；C. mistakes错误；D. nises噪音。根据上文中的“Nt affected by my ____5____ , she ndded”可知，Laura没有被作者的冷淡影响，结合下文中的“abut my answers.”可知，她点点头，应该是在“评论”作者的回答，符合语境。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她热情周到，确保我在座位上有足够的空间伸展身体。A. letting ut放出；B. agreeing n达到协议；C. making sure确保；D. feeling like想要。根据上文中的“She was warm and cnsiderate,”以及下文中的“that I had enugh rm t stretch in my seat.”可知，Laura热情而又周到，所以她会“确保”作者有足够的空前伸展身体。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我忍不住慢慢放松了警惕。A. idea想法；B. seat座位；C. guard警戒，防卫；D. attentin注意力。根据上文中的“She was warm and cnsiderate, ____7____ that I had enugh rm t stretch in my seat.”可知，Laura是个热情周到的人，她的种种行为让作者放松了对她的“警惕”。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laura非常有趣，她让飞机上为我们服务的每个机组人员都被她的笑话逗乐了。A. awke唤醒；B. avided避免；C. called叫喊；D. served提供服务。根据常识和上文中的“every crew member n the plane”可知，飞机上的机组人员应该是为乘客“提供服务”的。根据故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问Laura：“你有没有考虑过减肥？”A. cnsidered考虑；B. cmbined联合；C. reacted反应；D. excused原谅。根据下文中的“N, I dn’t trust the advertisements frm fitness centres.”可知，Laura回答作者的问题时说自己不信任减肥中心的广告，由此可推测，作者应是问她有没有“考虑”减肥。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词义辨析。句意：你不担心超重带来的疾病吗？A. anxius焦虑的；B. weak虚弱的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. verweight肥胖的，超重的。根据上文中的“Have yu ever ____10____ lsing sme weight?”可知，作者询问Laura有没有考虑减肥，结合语境可推断，此处指的是“肥胖”符合语境。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我吃得健康，经常散步；A. slwly慢慢地；B. healthily健康地；C. luckily幸运地；D. actively积极地。根据下文中的“and walk frequently”可知，Laura经常散步，认为自己的生活方式很健康，所以此处指的“健康地”符合语境。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，我有这么多的幸福，我需要一个更大的身体来容纳所有的幸福！A. happiness幸福；B. wrk工作；C. pain疼痛；D. wealth财富。根据下文中的“Why wuld I lse weight t lse my happiness?”可知，Laura说自己为什么要为了减肥而失去幸福呢，由此可知，此处指的是Laura有很多的“幸福”符合语境。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对她不寻常的推理感到惊讶，笑了。A. Exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. Upset不安的；C. Amazed惊讶的；D. Frightened害怕的。根据下文中的“her unusual reasning”以及上文中Laura对减肥的见解和看法可知，此处指的是作者对她的推理感到“惊讶”符合语境。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到Laura是我这辈子见过的最漂亮的女人。A. prved证明；B. realized意识到；C. imagined想象；D. remembered记住。根据语境和下文中的“that Laura was the mst beautiful wman I had ever met in my life.”可知，Laura的言行让作者“意识到”Laura是她见过的最美的女人。故选B项。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every family member has a rle t play. Parents and ther adults are respnsible fr ensuring that the basic needs f the family ____36____ (meet). Their jbs als include teaching and practicing gd health habits. They have a respnsibility t mdel gd cmmunicatin ____37____ ther health skills. They als shuld encurage yung peple in the family ____38____ (practice) these skills.
Nt all respnsibilities in the family fall n parents and ther adults. Children have special jbs, t. In many ____39____ (family), fr example, children share the husehld chres. Anther way t cntribute t the ____40____ (warm) and happiness f yur family is by shwing appreciatin. T appreciate ____41____ (mean) valuing smene r smething. Saying “thank yu” t the persn ____42____ cks dinner, fr example, is a gd way t d that. Yu culd als help prepare the dishes, carry grceries, r ____43____ (vluntary) d ther tasks. As a teen, yur rle may als include helping ther family members. Yu may help yur grandparents when they have truble ____44____ (get) arund, r help a brther r sister _____45_____ hmewrk. Hwever yu chse t help, it’s imprtant t realize that yur supprt helps make yur family healthy.
【答案】36. are met
37. and 38. t practice
39. families
40. warmth 41. means
42. wh##that
43. vluntarily
44. getting
45. with
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了每个家庭成员都应在家庭中承担力所能及的责任和义务。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：父母和其他成年人有责任确保家庭的基本需要得到满足。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据主句中的谓语动词are可知，此处使用一般现在时，meet与句子主语the basic needs之间为被动关系，且句子主语为名词复数。故填are met。
【37题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：他们有责任成为良好沟通和其他健康技能的榜样。分析句子结构可知，gd cmmunicatin与ther health skills之间为并列关系作mdel的宾语，所以此处应使用并列连词and。故填and。
【38题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他们还应该鼓励家里的年轻人练习这些技能。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾补，根据encurage sb. t d sth.可知，此处应使用动词不定式形式作宾补，且practice与宾语yung peple之间为主动关系。故填t practice。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：例如，在许多家庭中，孩子们分担家务。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，空前有many修饰，所以此处使用名词复数形式。故填families。
【40题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：另一种让你的家庭温暖幸福的方式是表达感激。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语与空后的happiness为并列关系，warm的名词为warmth，意为“温暖”，且为不可数名词。故填warmth。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：欣赏意味着重视某人或某事。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及下文中的谓语动词is可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，句子mean与句子主语T appreciate之间为主动关系，且动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词使用动词第三人称单数形式。故填means。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：例如，对做饭的人说“谢谢”就是一个很好的表达方式。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词the persn指的是人，所以此处应使用wh或者that。故填wh/that。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：你也可以帮忙准备盘子，搬运杂货，或者自愿做其他工作。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词d，vluntary的副词为vluntarily意为“自愿地”符合句意。故填vluntarily。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。句意：当你的祖父母行动不便时，你可以帮助他们，或者帮助兄弟姐妹做家庭作业。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法have truble (in) ding sth.意为“做某事有困难”，其中in可以省略，所以此处应使用动名词形式。故填getting。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：当你的祖父母行动不便时，你可以帮助他们，或者帮助弟弟妹妹做家庭作业。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人处理某事”符合句意。故填with。
第四部分 词汇基础与写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 单词拼写(共 30 小题;每小题 0.5 分，满分 15 分)
根据首字母和中文提示，写出正确的单词;每空一词。在答题卡上作答时，请写出完整单词。
46. The repairmen f ur schl are respnsible fr the m________ (维护) f the buildings.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】maintenance##aintenance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们学校的修理工负责建筑物的维护。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“维护”应为maintenance且为不可数名词。故填maintenance。
47. It’s cmmn that sme students experience intense a________ (焦虑) ver the mid-term examinatin. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】anxiety##nxiety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：一些学生对期中考试感到非常焦虑是很常见的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“焦虑”应为anxiety，且为不可数名词。故填anxiety。
48. I have been f________ (幸运的) enugh t have s many gd teachers at senir high. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】frtunate##rtunate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我足够幸运在高中有这么多好老师。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作表语；根据中英文提示，frtunate意为“幸运的”，为形容词。故填frtunate。
49. This schl has three t________ (跑道) fr students t practice running. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】tracks##racks
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这所学校有三条跑道供学生练习跑步。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词track，结合three可知应用复数。故填tracks。
【分析】
【点睛】
50. Her supprt and understanding have s________ (重大地) enriched ur friendship ver the years. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】significantly##ignificantly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：多年来，她的支持和理解极大地丰富了我们的友谊。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词enriched，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“重大地”应为significantly。故填significantly。
51. The English lecture was i________ (加插图) with phts taken during the sprts meeting. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】illustrated##llustrated
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：英语讲座配上了运动会期间拍摄的照片。由首字母提示i可知，“加插图”是illustrate，lecture和illustrate之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此句子用被动语态，空前有was，空格处用过去分词，be illustrated with意为“用插图说明”，故填illustrated。
52. Thanks t yur g________ (慷慨) and patience, I was able t understand the differences between British and American English. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】genersity##enersity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：多亏了你的慷慨和耐心，我才能够理解英式英语和美式英语之间的差异。分析句子可知，空处应为名词，与名词“patience”作并列宾语；根据中英文提示，genersity表示“慷慨”，为不可数名词。故填genersity。
53. The mvie attracts a large audience with sme wnderful s________ (场景). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】scenes##cenes
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这部电影以一些精彩的场景吸引了大批观众。由首字母提示s可知，“场景”是scene，空前有sme，空格处用复数，故填scenes。
54. C________ (罪犯) are thse wh have cmmitted a crime. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Criminals##riminals
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：罪犯是犯罪的人。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作主语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“罪犯”应为criminal，根据谓语动词are可知，此处应使用名词复数，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Criminals。
55. There’s still an a________ (气氛) f great hstility and tensin in the Gaza Strip. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】atmsphere##tmsphere
【解析】
【详解】考查可数名词单数。句意：加沙地带仍然充满敌意和紧张气氛。根据“an”可知，空处应为可数名词单数，作主语；根据中英文提示，atmsphere表示“气氛、氛围”，为可数名词。故填atmsphere。
56. T imprve yur handwriting, yu shuld practice n a r________ (经常的) basis. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】regular##egular
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：为了提高你的书法，你应该定期练习。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填形容词regular，作定语修饰名词basis。故填regular。
【分析】
【点睛】
57. D________ (尽管) ur different tastes in fd, my sister and I still enjy having meals tgether. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Despite##espite
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管我们对食物的口味不同，我妹妹和我仍然喜欢一起吃饭。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接名词短语“ur different tastes”；根据中英文提示，despite为介词，表示“尽管”，符合句意；句首字母大写。故填Despite。
58. There are fur ________ (选项) fr a reading cmprehensin questin. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】ptins##ptins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：阅读理解题有四个选项。由首字母提示可知，“选项”是ptin，空前有fur，空格处用复数，故填ptins。
59. I beg t differ. Yur thery is based n a questinable a________ (假设). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】assumptin##ssumptin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我不敢苟同。你的理论建立在一个有问题的假设之上。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“假设”应为assumptin，且空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用名词单数。故填assumptin。
60. Unexpectedly, that accident resulted in a s________ (系列) f events. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】series##eries
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：出乎意料的是，那次事故导致了一系列事件。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填series，短语a series f表示“一系列”，故填series。
【分析】
【点睛】
61. I dn’t need yu t a________ (道歉) t me. I just want the prblem slved. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】aplgise##aplgize##plgise##plgize
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我不需要你向我道歉，我只想把问题解决了。根据“need yu t”可知，空处应为动词原形，与“t”构成动词不定式；根据中英文提示，aplgise/aplgize为动词，意为“道歉”。故填aplgise/aplgize。
62. Snny, never j________ (判断) a bk by its cver. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】judge##udge
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：桑尼，千万不要以貌取人。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填动词judge，此处为祈使句，应填原形。故填judge。
【分析】
【点睛】
63. I was t i________ (无知的) t see the huge ptential f the Chinese market at that time. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】ignrant##gnrant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当时我太无知了，没有看到中国市场的巨大潜力。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“无知的”应为ignrant。故填ignrant。
64. Let’s applaud fr all the a________ (运动员) participating in the 31st Summer Universiade! (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】athletes##thletes
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：让我们为参加第31届世界大学生夏季运动会的全体运动员鼓掌！根据“the”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；根据中英文提示，athlete意为“运动员”，为可数名词，由“all”可知，应用复数形式。故填athletes。
65. Being in gd health is mre imprtant than having a s________ (苗条的) figure. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】slim##lim
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：身体健康比身材苗条更重要。根据句意并结合中英文提示，这里应用形容词slim，作定语修饰figure。故填slim。
66. She was filled with excitement when appraching the grand e________ (入口) f the museum. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】entrance##ntrance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当她走近博物馆宏伟的入口时，心中充满了兴奋。根据“the ”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；根据中英文提示，entrance意为“入口”，为可数名词，由句意可知，应用单数形式。故填entrance。
67. The sudden change in schedule caused a lt f c________ (困惑) amng the emplyees. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】cnfusin##nfusin##cnfusins##nfusins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：日程的突然改变在员工中引起了很大的困惑。根据中英文提示可知，cnfusin困惑，用作不可数名词或可数名词均可，在句中作宾语，故填cnfusin(s)。
68. Our schl is strngly ________ (反对的) t bullying f any kind. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】ppsed##ppsed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们学校强烈反对任何形式的欺凌行为。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填形容词ppsed，作表语。故填ppsed。
【分析】
【点睛】
69. Dn’t wrry abut me. I will c________ (联系) yu if necessary. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】cntact##ntact
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：别为我担心。如果需要我会联系你。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词cntact，作谓语，结合will可知为一般将来时。故填cntact。
【分析】
【点睛】
70. The nline f________ (论坛) prvides a platfrm fr peple t exchange thughts. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】frum##rum
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：网络论坛为人们交流思想提供了一个平台。分析句子可知，空处应为名词，作主语；根据中英文提示，frum意为“论坛”，为可数名词，根据谓语动词“prvides”可知，应用单数形式。故填frum。
71. Out f c________ (好奇心), I pened that letter withut permissin. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】curisity##urisity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：出于好奇，我未经允许就打开了那封信。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词curisity，作宾语，不可数。故填curisity。
【分析】
点睛】
72. My passin fr English is far beynd d________ (描述). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】descriptin##escriptin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我对英语的热情难以形容。根据介词“beynd”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；根据中英文提示可知，应用名词descriptin，介词短语beynd descriptin意为“无法描述、难以形容”。故填descriptin。
73. Yu will have an ________ (机会) t ask questins at the end. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】pprtunity##pprtunity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：最后你们将有机会提问。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“机会”应为pprtunity，且空前有不定冠词an，所以此处使用名词单数。故填pprtunity。
74. Stp r________ (参考) t yur ntes! It’s a dictatin, Tm! (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】referring##eferring
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：别再看笔记了！这是听写，汤姆！根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词refer，此处为动名词作宾语，表示停止正在做的事情。故填referring。
【分析】
【点睛】
75. The by was ding nthing in p________ (特别的) when he suddenly came up with a gd idea. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】particular##articular
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：那个男孩没做什么特别之事的时候，突然想出了一个好主意。分析句子可知，此处应为固定短语 in particular意为“特别的，尤其”符合句意。故填particular。
第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分)
76. “Life is partly what we make it and partly what is made by the friends we chse.” 请结合自己的经历，写一篇演讲稿，参加学校英语演讲比赛。内容包括：
(1) 对这句话的理解；
(2) 简述朋友的影响；
(3) 关于择友的建议。
注意：
(1) 词数 100 词左右；
(2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Gd mrning, everyne.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Gd mrning, everyne. It’s my great hnr t deliver a speech abut friendship.
As the famus saying ges, “Life is partly what we make it and partly what is made by the friends we chse.” It’s we wh determine ur future, but ur friends als play a vital part in it.
Reflecting n my experiences, I’ve cme t realize the prfund impact my friends have had n me. One f my clsest friends, Wang Wei, pssesses a deep lve fr reading. Thrugh his enthusiastic recmmendatins, I have gradually discvered the jy f reading.
Chsing ur friends wisely is crucial. It is essential t seek ut individuals wh share ur values. Besides, surrunding urselves with psitive peple can serve as a pwerful surce f inspiratin, bsting ur self-belief and encuraging us t pursue ur dreams.
Abve is my understanding f friendship. Thank yu.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生结合自己的经历，写一篇演讲稿，参加学校英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发表演讲：deliver a speech→make a speech
快乐：jy→pleasure
此外：besides→what’s mre
鼓励：encurage→inspire
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, surrunding urselves with psitive peple can serve as a pwerful surce f inspiratin, bsting ur self-belief and encuraging us t pursue ur dreams.
拓展句：Besides, surrunding urselves with psitive peple can serve as a pwerful surce f inspiratin, which can bst ur self-belief and encurage us t pursue ur dreams.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As the famus saying ges, “Life is partly what we make it and partly what is made by the friends we chse.”（运用了what引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】It’s we wh determine ur future, but ur friends als play a vital part in it.（运用了强调句型）
【高分句型3】It is essential t seek ut individuals wh share ur values.（运用了wh引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 BCCBA 6-10 ABBCA 11-15 BABCA 16-20 BCACA
(总分：150 分 考试时间：120 分钟)
注意事项：
1. 答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
2. 答选择题时，必须使用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3. 答非选择题时，必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。
4. 所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
5. 考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw des the wman prbably feel?
A. Srry. B. Annyed. C. Excited.
2. What did the wman frget t bring with her?
A. Her cmputer. B. Her train ticket. C. Her phne charger.
3. Which subject has the man finished hmewrk fr?
A. Maths. B. Science. C. Histry.
4. What time is it nw?
A. It’s 3:00 pm. B. It’s 4:00 pm. C. It’s 5:00 pm.
5. What des the wman mainly mean?
A. She wn’t wrk fr the man.
B. She frgt t call the man back.
C. She wants the man t pay mre.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Why des the man teach the wman vide chatting?
A. He will wrk abrad.
B. He wants t save mney.
C. She’s bught a new smart phne.
7. What des the wman think f learning vide chatting?
A. Useless. B. Difficult. C. Interesting.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is Dan wrried abut at first?
A. His family. B. His bilgy paper. C. His birthday party.
9. What will Sue d ver the weekend?
A. Wrk n her schlwrk. B. Read at the library. C. Attend a party.
10. Whse birthday is cming sn?
A. Sue’s grandmther’s. B. Sue’s mther’s. C. Sue’s uncle’s.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where are the speakers?
A. At a party. B. At an ffice. C. At a clthing cmpany.
12. What is the man ding?
A. Raising mney fr his business.
B. Designing clthes fr the wman.
C. Persuading the wman t buy fewer clthes.
13. Hw des the man sund?
A. Stressed. B. Ambitius. C. Dubtful.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the cnversatin mainly abut?
A. A watch. B. A camera. C. A crime.
15. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Plicewman and citizen. B. Neighburs. C. Friends.
16. What did the man ntice?
A. A lud nise. B. A white car. C. A piece f jewellery.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw ften des the speaker meet the grup?
A. Every day. B. Every five days. C. Every seven days.
18. What will be grwn this time?
A. Flwers. B. Fruit. C. Vegetables.
19. What des the speaker expect the listeners t d?
A. Welcme each ther. B. Exercise every day. C. Enjy themselves.
20. What is the speaker prbably?
A. A gardening teacher. B. A building designer. C. A fitness trainer.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Chelmsfrd Sprts Centre
Chelmsfrd Sprts Centre is a cmmunity gym situated in the heart f Nrth West Chelmsfrd, easily accessible by bike, car r public transprt. We prvide first-class facilities fr the lcal cmmunity.
Features
Take advantage f the latest equipment, tw free-weights area and a functinal training zne! Our health and fitness team will supprt yu t achieve yur gals. If yu want sme ne-t-ne help in the gym, yu can als bk persnal training sessins. Our gym is pen t thse aged 14 and ver.
Accessibility
Our changing rms are lcated n the grund flr, past receptin and n the right-hand side. The first flr is currently clsed fr refurbishment (整修), and will be expanded t include a larger area as well as a larger variety f equipment. Hwever, the grund flr is still pen with a wide range f equipment fr yu t use.
Prices
We charge higher fares during peak hurs.
– Peak fares: Mnday t Friday between 07:00 and 09:00, and between 17:00 and 20:00
– Off-peak fares: at all ther times
1. What d we knw abut Chelmsfrd Sprts Centre?
A. It is situated in West Chelmsfrd.
B. It ffers free persnal training sessins.
C. There are three functinal training znes.
D. A 12-year-ld girl is nt allwed t enter the gym.
2. What impact may the refurbishment have n the gym?
A. It may expand the space f the grund flr.
B. It may bring mre varius kinds f equipment.
C. It may change the lcatin f the receptin area.
D. It may clse the gym t the public fr a perid f time.
3. Hw much d tw adults with ne teenager need t pay fr the gym at 18:00 n Saturday?
A. £20.40.B. £21.00.C. £22.70.D. £23.50.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是Chelmsfrd体育中心的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Features部分中的“Our gym is pen t thse aged 14 and ver.(我们的健身中心对14岁及以上的人开放。)”可知，Chelmsfrd对14岁及以上的人开放，所以12岁的女孩不允许进入。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Accessibility 部分中的“The first flr is currently clsed fr refurbishment (整修), and will be expanded t include a larger area as well as a larger variety f equipment.(一楼目前正在关闭进行整修，并将进行扩建，以包括更大的面积和更多种类的设备。)”可知，一楼正在整修，并将扩建，以提供更多种类的设备，由此可知，整修可能带来更多种类的设备。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prices中的“Peak fares: Mnday t Friday between 07:00 and 09:00, and between 17:00 and 20:00. Off-peak fares: at all ther times(高峰票价：周一至周五07:00至09:00，17:00至20:00。非高峰时段票价：在所有其他时间)”以及表格中的“Standard: Peak prices £8.10; Off-peak prices £7.20；Discunted (fr teenagers): Peak prices £7.30; Off-peak prices £6.60(标准：高峰价格8.10英镑；非高峰价格7.20英镑；折扣(青少年)：高峰价格7.30英镑；非高峰价格为6.60英镑)”可知，在周六的时候应属于非高峰时段，成年人的价格是每人£7.20，青少年的价格是打折价为6.60英镑，所以两个成年人和一个青少年在周六去该体育中心的费用是：£7.20*2+£6.60=£21.00。故选B项。
B
I still remember my friends giving me the advice: Try smething new. I was stressed and, f curse, als n my phne t much. I was writing abut fd fr wrk, s cking didn’t really cunt as a hbby anymre, nr did reading, nr scialising, especially since all f my friends wrked in my industry. I needed smething in my life that existed apart frm all that.
“Maybe smething yu can d with yur hands.” The suggestin felt like an escape exit: Maybe a hbby culd free me frm my wrk. Cking had nce been the thing I did t relax when I gt hme frm wrk, the thing I was curius abut, and the thing that made my brain away frm its standard cmplaints. The kitchen had nce been a release, but nw it was part f my prfessinal life. It needed a replacement. A few mnths later, I dutifully signed up fr a ceramics (制陶艺术) class at a studi near my apartment.
At the studi, I started as a lazy learner, but after a few mnths I became addicted, signing up fr mre classes when my term ended. I had a place t g in my free time and smething t be curius abut, and my gals were unrelated t uter frces: a bss, a jb, a market, a reader. Unlike with writing, my prgress was quantifiable (可量化的): Nw I can make a vase this tall. Nw I have made a pt. Nw my handles are beautiful. Nw I have made tw things that mre r less lk like a pair.
Finally finding a hbby that is just fr my wn enjyment is a release. I enjy having smething t d that desn’t invlve a screen and therefre feels far frm the style f wrk t which I am mst accustmed – hands cvered in clay cannt swipe (滑屏) very well. Making time fr this als means carving ut time, fr creatin and inspiratin, and als fr the rest that is required fr me t reflect n my life. It is smething mre than a new hbby. This is the peace that everyne needs in ur life.
4. What is true abut the authr’s current prfessin?
A. It is als the authr’s hbby.
B. It requires the authr t use the phne a lt.
C. The authr is ppular in the cking industry.
D. The authr recrds and psts thers’ cking nline.
5. What can we learn frm Paragraph 3?
A. The authr was tired f ceramics classes.
B. The authr had n gals fr learning ceramics.
C. The authr gradually tk up ceramics as a hbby.
D. Outer frces played a part in the authr’s prgress in ceramics.
6 Hw des the authr feel with the new hbby?
A. Calm.B. Cnfident.C. Inspired.D. Energetic.
7. What’s the writing purpse f this text?
A. T shw the benefits f having a hbby.B. T share a stry f a balance f life.
C. T intrduce an interesting hbby.D. T help readers chse a new hbby.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过描述作者自身的经历和体会，表达了为了享受生活而找到一个爱好有许多好处，是一种释放和放松，是我们每个人生活中都需要的一种平静的观点。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I was stressed and, f curse, als n my phne t much.”（我压力很大，当然，我用手机也太多了。）可知，作者现在的工作需要经常使用手机。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“At the studi, I started as a lazy learner, but after a few mnths I became addicted, signing up fr mre classes when my term ended.”（在工作室里，一开始我是一个懒惰的学习者，但几个月后我就上瘾了，学期结束时我报了更多的课。）和“I had a place t g in my free time and smething t be curius abut, and my gals were unrelated t uter frces: a bss, a jb, a market, a reader.”（我在空闲时间有地方可去，有东西让我好奇，我的目标与外部力量无关:老板、工作、市场、读者。）可知，作者是逐渐喜欢上了陶艺课，会在空闲时间去主动学习、制作，可见陶艺已经逐渐成为了他的一种爱好。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is smething mre than a new hbby. This is the peace that everyne needs in ur life.”（这不仅仅是一种新的爱好，这是我们生活中每个人都需要的平静。）可知，作者认为新爱好会让人感到平静。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Finally finding a hbby that is just fr my wn enjyment is a release.”（最终找到一个只是为了我自己的享受的爱好，是一种释放。）、“Making time fr this als means carving ut time, fr creatin and inspiratin, and als fr the rest that is required fr me t reflect n my life.”（腾出时间来做这些也意味着腾出时间来创造和灵感，也意味着腾出时间来反思我的生活。）和“It is smething mre than a new hbby. This is the peace that everyne needs in ur life.”（这不仅仅是一种新的爱好，这是我们生活中每个人都需要的平静。）及全文内容可知，本文主要表达了拥有一个爱好的好处，可以让我们得到释放，反思生活，感受到平静。故选A。
C
In tday’s mtivatinal literature, failure is ften viewed as smething t be celebrated. Inspiratinal speakers are fnd f quting the wrds f the nvelist Samuel Beckett—“Fail again. Fail better.” It seems that disappintments are an essential stepping stne t success, a turning pint in ur life stry that will ultimately end in victry.
Hwever, psychlgical researches find mst f us struggle t handle failure cnstructively. In ther wrds, we fail t “fail frward”. We find ways t devalue the task at which we failed, and becme less mtivated t persevere(坚持) and reach ur gals. This phenmenn is knwn as the “sur-grape effect”, which was discvered by Prfessr Hallgeir Sjastad.
Sjastad explains that “sur-grape effect” is a self-prtective mechanism(机制). “Mst f us picture urselves as able peple, s when feedback(反馈) frm thers suggests the ppsite, it pses a serius threat t that self-image,” he says. “The easiest way ut is t deny r explain away the utside signal, s we can keep a psitive sense f self. We d this even withut nticing.”
If yu have ne bad interview fr yur dream jb, yu might cnvince yurself that yu dn’t really want it at all, and stp applying fr similar psitins. The same ges if yu fail t impress at a sprts trial, r if yu lse a singing cntest. “We tend t explain away ur shrtcmings and cnvince urselves ur ‘Plan C’ is actually ur ‘Plan A’,” Sjastad says.
It desn’t mean we shuld persevere in gals all the time. It can be healthy t change if the prcess is n lnger making us happy. But the “sur-grape effect” may lead us t cme t this decisin prematurely, rather than hanging n a little and seeing whether we might learn and imprve.
Failures are unavidable. By learning t face the disappintment instead f devaluing its imprtance and pretending nthing happened, hwever, yu may find it easier t achieve yur gals.
8. Why des the authr mentin the speech f inspiratinal speakers in Paragraph 1?
A. T ffer an apprach t handling failure.
B. T intrduce a cmmn attitude twards failure.
C. T emphasize the imprtance f experiencing failure.
D. T discuss the relatinship between success and failure.
9. What can we learn frm Paragraph 3 abut the “sur-grape effect”?
A. It des harm t ur self-image.B. It pictures us as perfect peple.
C. It prtects us frm false feedback.D. It makes us refuse negative feedback t urselves.
10. What des the underlined wrd “prematurely” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Hurriedly.B. Mistakenly.C. Unhappily.D. Carelessly.
11. Which statement wuld the authr mst prbably agree with?
A. Get ready t replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”.
B. Never frget t maintain a psitive sense f self.
C. Dn’t quit when gals n lnger make yu happy.
D. Dn’t escape when ur self-image gets challenged.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。大多数人难以积极地应对失败，在失败时就会贬低自己的任务，缺乏动力去坚持目标，这种心理现象就是酸葡萄效应。但酸葡萄效应可能会产生负面影响，所以我们要学会面对失败，而不是一味地贬低失败的事情并假装一切没有发生，这样才能让我们更容易达到我们的目标。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In tday’s mtivatinal literature, failure is ften viewed as smething t be celebrated. Inspiratinal speakers are fnd f quting the wrds f the nvelist Samuel Beckett—‘Fail again. Fail better.’(在今天的励志文学中，失败常常被视为值得庆祝的事情。富有励志演讲者喜欢引用小说家塞缪尔·贝克特的话——‘再次失败。失败得更好。’)”可知，作者提到励志演讲者引用的话“再次失败。失败得更好。”是想证明如今的励志文学常常将失败视为值得庆祝的事情，由此可推测出，作者想要介绍对待失败的普遍态度。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Sjastad explains that ‘sur-grape effect’ is a self-prtective mechanism(机制). ‘Mst f us picture urselves as able peple, s when feedback(反馈) frm thers suggests the ppsite, it pses a serius threat t that self-image,’ he says. (Sjastad解释说，‘酸葡萄效应’是一种自我保护机制。‘我们大多数人都认为自己是有能力的人，所以当外部反馈不是这样时，它会对自我形象构成严重威胁，’他说。)”和“The easiest way ut is t deny r explain away the utside signal, s we can keep a psitive sense f self.(最简单的解决方法是否认或为这种辩解信号辩解，这样我们就可以保持积极的自我意识。)”可知，“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制，当外部反馈与自我形象不一致时，我们就会否认或为这种外部信号辩解，从而保护自己。由此可推测出，“酸葡萄效应”会否认外界对于我们的负面反馈。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“rather than hanging n a little and seeing whether we might learn and imprve”可知，而不是坚持一会儿，看看我们是否可以学习和提高，这里应与rather than后的内容相反，表示的是我们会提前做出不再坚持这种决定，prematurely意为“提前地。过早地，仓促地”，与A项“匆忙地”意思最接近。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By learning t face the disappintment instead f devaluing its imprtance and pretending nthing happened, hwever, yu may find it easier t achieve yur gals.(然而，通过学会面对失望，而不是贬低它的重要性并且假装什么都没发生，你可能会发现实现目标更容易。)”可知，作者在最后建议要学会面对失败带来的失望，而不是贬低失败并假装一切都没发生过，这样会更加有助于实现目标。由此可推测出，作者认为当我们的自我形象受到质疑时，不要一味地逃避。故选D。
D
If yu plan t live anther 10 years, yu shuld expect t live in a wrld with machines ding things yu dn’t like ding tday. Even mre will be dne withut yur lifting the finger. It’s nt nly simple tasks such as cleaning, laundry and dishes. High-end services previusly nt accessible t yu will nw be in yur ecnmic grasp. Yur persnal rbt will knw yu better than yu knw yurself. This almst unimaginable lifestyle culd becme cmmn fr the public, because f the achievements f artificial intelligence (AI) and rbtics t date and the fact that 5G is n the way t prvide.
The reasns t be fearful f AI and rbtics are well-funded. AI can cmpete with ur brains and rbts can cmpete with ur bdies. And in many cases, they can beat us handily already. And the mre time that passes, the better these emerging technlgies will becme, while ur wn capabilities (能力) are expected t remain mre r less the same.
There has been a lve-hate relatinship between individuals and big cmpanies lng befre the present era f big tech, but when big tech, AI and rbtics wrk tgether, it gets even scarier.
Tmrrw’s big tech cmpanies may make use f AI and thus cntrl the lives f their users t sme degree. In such a wrld, third-party rganisatins may knw mre abut us than we knw abut urselves. Decisins will be made n ur behalf and increasingly withut ur awareness, and thse decisins wn’t necessarily be in ur best interests.
These issues are freseeable, and the stakes (风险) are high. S, what can be dne? In rder t achieve the highest pssible public trust in the benefits f AI and rbtics in ur lives, there are three things urgent fr actin. First, the industry’s AI and rbtics leaders must start t cmbine cnsumers’ interests in safety and privacy int their technlgy fferings – smething we haven’t seen befre in the develpment f the Internet and mbile markets. Secnd, big tech cmpanies and their smaller start-up siblings, shuld supprt cmmn agreements, principles, prtcls, standards and ther plicies. The mre plicy structure there is in place that prtects cnsumer interests, the mre trust AI and rbtics deserve. Finally, a trusted rganisatin shuld design and carry ut a reliable means f creating and prtecting the new AI and rbtics plicy structure frm bad influence.
Luckily, althugh the gap between tech advances and the lagging plicy structure is widening, there is still time t catch up – if we act nw.
The cmbinatin f AI, rbtics and big tech cmpanies is ptentially dangerus, but by taking the apprpriate steps nw we can avid these dangers and enjy the huge ptential benefits that they have t ffer.
12. Which is amng the reasns fr peple’s fear f AI and rbtics?
A. AI, rbtics and 5G can wrk tgether.B. The new lifestyles cannt be imagined.
C. AI and rbtics keep imprving nnstp.D. AI and rbtics can d everything fr us.
13. Which f the fllwing can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Big tech cmpanies will cntrl peple’s life cmpletely.
B. The benefits brught by AI and rbtics cannt be enjyed.
C. The relatinship between humans and big cmpanies may be scary.
D. The third-party rganisatin will make decisins fr humans’ gd.
14. Accrding t the passage, hw can trusted AI and rbtics be built?
A. Mre plicies that prtect AI and rbtics shuld be made.
B. AI and rbtics shuld be cntrlled by big tech cmpanies.
C. The develpment f AI and rbtics shuld be slwed dwn.
D. Cnsumers’ interests in safety and privacy shuld be cnsidered.
15. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. Achieving Trusted AI and Rbtics by Making Plicies
B. Aviding the Ptential Dangers f AI, Rbtics and Big Tech
C. AI and Rbtics Creating a New Lifestyle fr Human Beings
D. AI, Rbtics and 5G Wrking Tgether t Benefit Human Beings
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述人工智能、机器人和大型科技公司的结合是潜在的危险，我们应该采取措施避免这些危险，才能享受它们提供的巨大潜在好处。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And the mre time that passes, the better these emerging technlgies will becme, while ur wn capabilities (能力) are expected t remain mre r less the same.(时间流逝得越久，这些新兴技术就会变得越好，而我们自己的能力预计将保持大致相同。)”可知，新兴科技随着时间的推移汇编的越来越好，而我们自己预计保持大致相同，由此可知，人们害怕人工智能和机器人的原因是人工智能和机器人技术不断进步。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“There has been a lve-hate relatinship between individuals and big cmpanies lng befre the present era f big tech, but when big tech, AI and rbtics wrk tgether, it gets even scarier. (早在当今科技巨头时代之前，个人和大公司之间就存在着一种又爱又恨的关系，但当科技巨头、人工智能和机器人一起工作时，这种关系就变得更加可怕了。)”可知，个人与大公司之间存在着一种又爱又恨的关系，由此可知，人类和大公司之间并不总是和谐的关系。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In rder t achieve the highest pssible public trust in the benefits f AI and rbtics in ur lives, there are three things urgent fr actin.(为了获得公众对人工智能和机器人技术在我们生活中的好处的最高信任，有三件事迫切需要采取行动。)”可知，要想获得公众对人工智能和机器人技术的最高信任，有三件事急需采取行动，结合下文中的“First, the industry’s AI and rbtics leaders must start t cmbine cnsumers’ interests in safety and privacy int their technlgy fferings – smething we haven’t seen befre in the develpment f the Internet and mbile markets.(首先，该行业的人工智能和机器人领导者必须开始将消费者对安全和隐私的兴趣结合到他们的技术产品中——这是我们在互联网和移动市场的发展中从未见过的。)”可知，其中的第一点就是要将消费者对安全和隐私的兴趣结合到他们的技术产品中去，由此可知，建立可信的人工智能和机器人就应考虑消费者在安全和隐私方面的利益。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“This almst unimaginable lifestyle culd becme cmmn fr the public, because f the achievements f artificial intelligence (AI) and rbtics t date and the fact that 5G is n the way t prvide.(由于人工智能(AI)和机器人技术迄今取得的成就，以及5G即将提供的服务，这种几乎难以想象的生活方式可能会在公众中变得普遍。)”可知，人工智能和机器人技术的发展以及5G即将提供的服务，让我们的生活方式将发生很大的改变，结合下文中的对人工智能和机器人技术的发展对人类带来的危险，可知，人工智能和机器人技术的发展要活的人类的最高信任有三件事急需采取行动，结合尾段“The cmbinatin f AI, rbtics and big tech cmpanies is ptentially dangerus, but by taking the apprpriate steps nw we can avid these dangers and enjy the huge ptential benefits that they have t ffer.(人工智能、机器人技术和大型科技公司的结合有潜在的危险，但通过采取适当的措施，我们可以避免这些危险，并享受它们所带来的巨大潜在好处。)”可知，我们如果能够采取适当的措施可以避免这些危险，并可以享受他们带来的巨大潜在的好处，由此可知，本文主要讲述的是如果我们采取适当的措施避免人工智能和机器人技术带来的危险，可以享受他们带来的巨大潜力的好处，所以本文的标题为“我们能避免人工智能、机器人和大型科技公司的潜在危险吗？”涵盖了本文的内容，以提问的形式引起读者的思考，且可以概括本文的主题。故选C项。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw much time d yu spend ding research befre yu make a decisin? There are peple wh g ver every detail exhaustively befre making a chice. ____16____ Psychlgists call this way f thinking a cgnitive bias (偏见), a tendency tward a specific mental mistake.
T study “jumping”, we examined decisin-making patterns amng mre than 600 peple frm the general ppulatin. We fund that jumpers made mre errrs than nn-jumpers n prblems that require thughtful analysis. ____17____ In a quiz abut US civics, they verestimated the chance that their answers were right much mre than ther participants did – even when their answers were wrng.
S what is behind “jumping”? Psychlgical researchers cmmnly distinguish between tw pathways f thught: autmatic system, which reflects ideas that cme t the mind easily, spntaneusly and withut effrt, and cntrlled system including cnscius and effrtful reasning. Jumpers and nn-jumpers are equally influenced by autmatic thughts. ____18____ It is the cntrlled system that helps peple avid mental biases intrduced by the autmatic system. As a result, jumpers were mre likely t accept the cnclusins made at first blush withut further questining. A lack f cntrlled thinking is als mre bradly cnnected t their prblematic beliefs and faulty reasning.
____19____ A methd called metacgnitive training can be used t target their biases, which can help peple think mre deliberatively. In this training, participants are cnfrnted with their wn biases. They can learn abut the missteps and ther ways f thinking thrugh the prblem at hand. It helps t chip away at participants’ vercnfidence.
In everyday life, the questin f whether we shuld think things thrugh r instead g with ur guts is a frequent and imprtant ne. ____20____ Smetimes the mst imprtant decisin we make can be t take sme mre time befre making a chice.
A. Happily, there may be sme hpe fr jumpers.
B. Als, jumpers had prblems with vercnfidence.
C. But a fair number f individuals are quick t jump t cnclusins.
D. It is certainly pssible fr them t verthink things t take a decisin.
E. We plan t cntinue the wrk t trace ther prblems intrduced by jumping.
F. The jumpers, hwever, did nt engage in cntrlled reasning t the same degree as nn-jumpers.
G. Recent studies shw that even gathering just a little bit mre evidence may help us avid a majr mistake.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助，一种叫元认知训练的方法可以帮助那些急于得出结论的人。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“Hw much time d yu spend ding research befre yu make a decisin? There are peple wh g ver every detail exhaustively befre making a chice.(你在做决定之前花了多少时间做研究？有些人在做出选择之前会仔细考虑每一个细节。)”可知，有些人在作出选择前会仔细考虑每个细节，空后的“Psychlgists call this way f thinking a cgnitive bias (偏见), a tendency tward a specific mental mistake.(心理学家称这种思维方式为认知偏差(cgnitive bias)，即倾向于某种特定的心理错误。)”可知，心理学家指出这种思维方式为认知偏差，与空前提到的做选择前考虑每个细节的人不同，由此可知，此空处应提到有认知偏差的人，C选项“But a fair number f individuals are quick t jump t cnclusins. (但相当一部分人很快就会得出结论)”讲述的是一些很快得出结论的一部分人，呼应上文仔细考虑每一个细节的人，与空前的内容为转折关系，符合逻辑，but为解题的关键信息。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据空前的“We fund that jumpers made mre errrs than nn-jumpers n prblems that require thughtful analysis. (我们发现，在需要深思熟虑分析的问题上，急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多。)”可知，研究发现急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多，结合空后的“In a quiz abut US civics, they verestimated the chance that their answers were right much mre than ther participants did – even when their answers were wrng. (在一次关于美国公民的测验中，他们大大高估了自己答案正确的几率——即使他们的答案是错误的。)”可推知，急于得出结论的人不仅容易犯错，而且还大大高估自己答案的正确几率，由此可知，此空处应是讲述急于得出结论的人的过于自信，B选项“Als, jumpers had prblems with vercnfidence.(此外，急于得出结论的人也有过度自信的问题)”中的als可知，此处继续讲述急于得出结论的人的问题，符合题意，呈上启下。故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“Psychlgical researchers cmmnly distinguish between tw pathways f thught: autmatic system, which reflects ideas that cme t the mind easily, spntaneusly and withut effrt, and cntrlled system including cnscius and effrtful reasning. Jumpers and nn-jumpers are equally influenced by autmatic thughts.(心理学研究人员通常将思维分为两种途径：一种是自动系统，它反映了头脑中容易、自发和不需要努力的想法；另一种是控制系统，包括有意识和努力的推理。)”可知，两类人都受到自动思维的影响，但因为是两种不同的人，因此他们在受影响的程度，或思维模式方面可能有所不同，F选项“The jumpers, hwever, did nt engage in cntrlled reasning t the same degree as nn-jumpers. (然而，急于得出结论的人并没有像仔细思考者那样进行控制推理。)”中的cntrlled reasning与空前的“cntrlled system including cnscius and effrtful reasning”内容相关，符合题意，承接上文，指出了他们的不同之处，且与空前的内容为转折关系，其中的hwever也是解题的关键信息。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据空后的“A methd called metacgnitive training can be used t target their biases, which can help peple think mre deliberatively. (一种叫做元认知训练的方法可以用来针对他们的偏见，这可以帮助人们更慎重地思考。)”可知，一种叫做元认知训练可以帮助人们更慎重地思考，有方法帮助急于得出结论的人克服他们的问题，由此可知，本段讲述的内容与上文中讲述的急于得出结论的人的问题不同，讲述的是解决急于得出结论的人问题的方法，A选项“Happily, there may be sme hpe fr jumpers.(令人高兴的是，急于得出结论的人或许还有一线希望。)”讲述的内容把话题从上文讲述的急于得出结论的人的问题分析过渡到下文中讲述的解决急于得出结论的人问题的方法，符合题意。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据空前的“In everyday life, the questin f whether we shuld think things thrugh r instead g with ur guts is a frequent and imprtant ne.(在日常生活中，我们是应该把事情想清楚，还是应该凭直觉做事，这是一个经常出现的重要问题。)”可知，我们在日常生活中经常考虑是把事情想清楚还是凭直觉做事情，结合空后的“Smetimes the mst imprtant decisin we make can be t take sme mre time befre making a chice.(有时候，我们做的最重要的决定可能是在做出选择之前多花点时间。)”可知，相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助，由此可知，此空处应是说明我们在作出决定的时候是采取按照直觉还是深思熟虑，G选项“Recent studies shw that even gathering just a little bit mre evidence may help us avid a majr mistake.(最近的研究表明，即使多收集一点证据，也可能帮助我们避免犯重大错误。)”通过研究发现的结论来说明，在作出决定前，深思熟虑会让我们避免重大错误，与空前的内容衔接，且与空后的内容吻合，符合题意。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
“Hi! Hw are yu?” A wman smiled as she tk the seat beside me. She squeezed her fat bdy int the seat, and I ____21____ a little twards the windw, feeling wrried silently abut the lng hurs f ____22____ I was ging t experience with this “enrmus mnster” beside me.
She said, “My name is Laura. Since we’re ging t spend six hurs side by side, we’d better be friends.” She didn’t ____23____ my unfriendly reactins. She talked ____24____ abut herself and her trip t Hng Kng.
I gave her ne-wrd answers t her questins abut me. Nt affected by my ____25____, she ndded as she made ____26____ abut my answers. She was warm and cnsiderate, ____27____ that I had enugh rm t stretch in my seat. I culdn’t help but let dwn my ____28____ slwly. Laura was s interesting that she made every crew member n the plane wh ____29____ us walk away laughing at her jkes.
I asked Laura, “Have yu ever ______30______ lsing sme weight?” “N, I dn’t trust the advertisements frm fitness centres.” “Yu aren’t wrried abut the diseases that cme with being ______31______?” “Nt at all. I eat ______32______ and walk frequently; I’m this size, and the reasn is that I was brn t be big! There is mre t life than wrrying abut weight all day lng.” She drank her wine. “Besides, I have s much ______33______ that I need a bigger bdy t hld all f it! Why wuld I lse weight t lse my happiness?”
______34______ by her unusual reasning, I smiled. I suddenly ______35______ that Laura was the mst beautiful wman I had ever met in my life.
21. A. mvedB. turnedC. walkedD. changed
22. A. darknessB. discmfrtC. silenceD. tiredness
23 A. think highly fB. take part inC. catch up withD. take ntice f
24. A. nervuslyB. gentlyC. sadlyD. excitedly
25. A. cldnessB. disappintmentC. dubtD. cnfidence
26. A. ntesB. cmmentsC. mistakesD. nises
27. A. letting utB. agreeing nC. making sureD. feeling like
28. A. ideaB. seatC. guardD. attentin
29. A. awkeB. avidedC. calledD. served
30. A. cnsideredB. cmbinedC. reactedD. excused
31. A. anxiusB. weakC. embarrassedD. verweight
32. A. slwlyB. healthilyC. luckilyD. actively
33. A. happinessB. wrkC. painD. wealth
34. A. ExhaustedB. UpsetC. AmazedD. Frightened
35. A. prvedB. realizedC. imaginedD. remembered
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述是作者乘飞机时的邻座是一个肥胖的女士，她的热情周到以及对肥胖的见解看法，让作者发现她是自己见过的最美的女人。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把肥胖的身体挤到座位上，我向窗边挪了挪，心里暗暗担心，这个“巨大的怪物”在我身边，我将经历长时间的不适。A. mved移动；B. turned转向；C. walked散步；D. changed改变。根据上文中的“She squeezed her fat bdy int the seat”可知，作者的邻座应该是很胖，所以，此处指的是作者向窗边“移动”一下，给她留出足够的空间。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把肥胖的身体挤到座位上，我向窗边挪了挪，心里暗暗担心，这个“巨大的怪物”在我身边，我将经历长时间的不适。A. darkness黑暗；B. discmfrt不适；C. silence沉默；D. tiredness疲惫。根据下文中的“I was ging t experience with this “enrmus mnster” beside me.”可知，作者觉得这个“巨大的怪物”在身边，自己应该经历长时间的“不适”符合语境。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她没有注意到我不友好的反应。A. think highly f高度评价；B. take part in参加；C. catch up with赶上；D. take ntice f注意到。根据上文中的“She said, “My name is Laura. Since we’re ging t spend six hurs side by side, we’d better be friends.””可知，Laura自我介绍，相遇作者交朋友，结合下文中的“my unfriendly reactins.”可知，Laura应该是没有“注意到”作者的不友好的反应。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她兴奋地谈论着她自己和她的香港之行。A. nervusly紧张地；B. gently轻柔地；C. sadly伤心地；D. excitedly激动地。根据下文中的“Laura was s interesting that she made every crew member n the plane wh ____9____ us walk away laughing at her jkes.”可知，Laura非常的有趣，飞机上的每个机组成员都被她的笑话逗乐，由此可知，此处指的是Laura“兴奋地”说着自己以及她的香港之旅。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有被我的冷淡所影响，在评论我的回答时点了点头。A. cldness冷淡，寒冷；B. disappintment失望；C. dubt怀疑；D. cnfidence信心。根据上文中的“She didn’t ____3____ my unfriendly reactins.”可知，作者对Laura并不友好，由此可知，此处指的是“冷淡”符合语境。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有被我的冷淡所影响，在评论我的回答时点了点头。A. ntes注释；B. cmments评论；C. mistakes错误；D. nises噪音。根据上文中的“Nt affected by my ____5____ , she ndded”可知，Laura没有被作者的冷淡影响，结合下文中的“abut my answers.”可知，她点点头，应该是在“评论”作者的回答，符合语境。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她热情周到，确保我在座位上有足够的空间伸展身体。A. letting ut放出；B. agreeing n达到协议；C. making sure确保；D. feeling like想要。根据上文中的“She was warm and cnsiderate,”以及下文中的“that I had enugh rm t stretch in my seat.”可知，Laura热情而又周到，所以她会“确保”作者有足够的空前伸展身体。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我忍不住慢慢放松了警惕。A. idea想法；B. seat座位；C. guard警戒，防卫；D. attentin注意力。根据上文中的“She was warm and cnsiderate, ____7____ that I had enugh rm t stretch in my seat.”可知，Laura是个热情周到的人，她的种种行为让作者放松了对她的“警惕”。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Laura非常有趣，她让飞机上为我们服务的每个机组人员都被她的笑话逗乐了。A. awke唤醒；B. avided避免；C. called叫喊；D. served提供服务。根据常识和上文中的“every crew member n the plane”可知，飞机上的机组人员应该是为乘客“提供服务”的。根据故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问Laura：“你有没有考虑过减肥？”A. cnsidered考虑；B. cmbined联合；C. reacted反应；D. excused原谅。根据下文中的“N, I dn’t trust the advertisements frm fitness centres.”可知，Laura回答作者的问题时说自己不信任减肥中心的广告，由此可推测，作者应是问她有没有“考虑”减肥。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词义辨析。句意：你不担心超重带来的疾病吗？A. anxius焦虑的；B. weak虚弱的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. verweight肥胖的，超重的。根据上文中的“Have yu ever ____10____ lsing sme weight?”可知，作者询问Laura有没有考虑减肥，结合语境可推断，此处指的是“肥胖”符合语境。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我吃得健康，经常散步；A. slwly慢慢地；B. healthily健康地；C. luckily幸运地；D. actively积极地。根据下文中的“and walk frequently”可知，Laura经常散步，认为自己的生活方式很健康，所以此处指的“健康地”符合语境。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，我有这么多的幸福，我需要一个更大的身体来容纳所有的幸福！A. happiness幸福；B. wrk工作；C. pain疼痛；D. wealth财富。根据下文中的“Why wuld I lse weight t lse my happiness?”可知，Laura说自己为什么要为了减肥而失去幸福呢，由此可知，此处指的是Laura有很多的“幸福”符合语境。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对她不寻常的推理感到惊讶，笑了。A. Exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. Upset不安的；C. Amazed惊讶的；D. Frightened害怕的。根据下文中的“her unusual reasning”以及上文中Laura对减肥的见解和看法可知，此处指的是作者对她的推理感到“惊讶”符合语境。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到Laura是我这辈子见过的最漂亮的女人。A. prved证明；B. realized意识到；C. imagined想象；D. remembered记住。根据语境和下文中的“that Laura was the mst beautiful wman I had ever met in my life.”可知，Laura的言行让作者“意识到”Laura是她见过的最美的女人。故选B项。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every family member has a rle t play. Parents and ther adults are respnsible fr ensuring that the basic needs f the family ____36____ (meet). Their jbs als include teaching and practicing gd health habits. They have a respnsibility t mdel gd cmmunicatin ____37____ ther health skills. They als shuld encurage yung peple in the family ____38____ (practice) these skills.
Nt all respnsibilities in the family fall n parents and ther adults. Children have special jbs, t. In many ____39____ (family), fr example, children share the husehld chres. Anther way t cntribute t the ____40____ (warm) and happiness f yur family is by shwing appreciatin. T appreciate ____41____ (mean) valuing smene r smething. Saying “thank yu” t the persn ____42____ cks dinner, fr example, is a gd way t d that. Yu culd als help prepare the dishes, carry grceries, r ____43____ (vluntary) d ther tasks. As a teen, yur rle may als include helping ther family members. Yu may help yur grandparents when they have truble ____44____ (get) arund, r help a brther r sister _____45_____ hmewrk. Hwever yu chse t help, it’s imprtant t realize that yur supprt helps make yur family healthy.
【答案】36. are met
37. and 38. t practice
39. families
40. warmth 41. means
42. wh##that
43. vluntarily
44. getting
45. with
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了每个家庭成员都应在家庭中承担力所能及的责任和义务。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：父母和其他成年人有责任确保家庭的基本需要得到满足。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据主句中的谓语动词are可知，此处使用一般现在时，meet与句子主语the basic needs之间为被动关系，且句子主语为名词复数。故填are met。
【37题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：他们有责任成为良好沟通和其他健康技能的榜样。分析句子结构可知，gd cmmunicatin与ther health skills之间为并列关系作mdel的宾语，所以此处应使用并列连词and。故填and。
【38题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他们还应该鼓励家里的年轻人练习这些技能。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾补，根据encurage sb. t d sth.可知，此处应使用动词不定式形式作宾补，且practice与宾语yung peple之间为主动关系。故填t practice。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：例如，在许多家庭中，孩子们分担家务。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，空前有many修饰，所以此处使用名词复数形式。故填families。
【40题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：另一种让你的家庭温暖幸福的方式是表达感激。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语与空后的happiness为并列关系，warm的名词为warmth，意为“温暖”，且为不可数名词。故填warmth。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：欣赏意味着重视某人或某事。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及下文中的谓语动词is可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，句子mean与句子主语T appreciate之间为主动关系，且动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词使用动词第三人称单数形式。故填means。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：例如，对做饭的人说“谢谢”就是一个很好的表达方式。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词the persn指的是人，所以此处应使用wh或者that。故填wh/that。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：你也可以帮忙准备盘子，搬运杂货，或者自愿做其他工作。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词d，vluntary的副词为vluntarily意为“自愿地”符合句意。故填vluntarily。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。句意：当你的祖父母行动不便时，你可以帮助他们，或者帮助兄弟姐妹做家庭作业。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法have truble (in) ding sth.意为“做某事有困难”，其中in可以省略，所以此处应使用动名词形式。故填getting。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：当你的祖父母行动不便时，你可以帮助他们，或者帮助弟弟妹妹做家庭作业。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人处理某事”符合句意。故填with。
第四部分 词汇基础与写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 单词拼写(共 30 小题;每小题 0.5 分，满分 15 分)
根据首字母和中文提示，写出正确的单词;每空一词。在答题卡上作答时，请写出完整单词。
46. The repairmen f ur schl are respnsible fr the m________ (维护) f the buildings.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】maintenance##aintenance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们学校的修理工负责建筑物的维护。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“维护”应为maintenance且为不可数名词。故填maintenance。
47. It’s cmmn that sme students experience intense a________ (焦虑) ver the mid-term examinatin. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】anxiety##nxiety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：一些学生对期中考试感到非常焦虑是很常见的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“焦虑”应为anxiety，且为不可数名词。故填anxiety。
48. I have been f________ (幸运的) enugh t have s many gd teachers at senir high. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】frtunate##rtunate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我足够幸运在高中有这么多好老师。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作表语；根据中英文提示，frtunate意为“幸运的”，为形容词。故填frtunate。
49. This schl has three t________ (跑道) fr students t practice running. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】tracks##racks
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这所学校有三条跑道供学生练习跑步。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词track，结合three可知应用复数。故填tracks。
【分析】
【点睛】
50. Her supprt and understanding have s________ (重大地) enriched ur friendship ver the years. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】significantly##ignificantly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：多年来，她的支持和理解极大地丰富了我们的友谊。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词enriched，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“重大地”应为significantly。故填significantly。
51. The English lecture was i________ (加插图) with phts taken during the sprts meeting. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】illustrated##llustrated
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：英语讲座配上了运动会期间拍摄的照片。由首字母提示i可知，“加插图”是illustrate，lecture和illustrate之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此句子用被动语态，空前有was，空格处用过去分词，be illustrated with意为“用插图说明”，故填illustrated。
52. Thanks t yur g________ (慷慨) and patience, I was able t understand the differences between British and American English. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】genersity##enersity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：多亏了你的慷慨和耐心，我才能够理解英式英语和美式英语之间的差异。分析句子可知，空处应为名词，与名词“patience”作并列宾语；根据中英文提示，genersity表示“慷慨”，为不可数名词。故填genersity。
53. The mvie attracts a large audience with sme wnderful s________ (场景). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】scenes##cenes
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这部电影以一些精彩的场景吸引了大批观众。由首字母提示s可知，“场景”是scene，空前有sme，空格处用复数，故填scenes。
54. C________ (罪犯) are thse wh have cmmitted a crime. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Criminals##riminals
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：罪犯是犯罪的人。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作主语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“罪犯”应为criminal，根据谓语动词are可知，此处应使用名词复数，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Criminals。
55. There’s still an a________ (气氛) f great hstility and tensin in the Gaza Strip. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】atmsphere##tmsphere
【解析】
【详解】考查可数名词单数。句意：加沙地带仍然充满敌意和紧张气氛。根据“an”可知，空处应为可数名词单数，作主语；根据中英文提示，atmsphere表示“气氛、氛围”，为可数名词。故填atmsphere。
56. T imprve yur handwriting, yu shuld practice n a r________ (经常的) basis. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】regular##egular
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：为了提高你的书法，你应该定期练习。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填形容词regular，作定语修饰名词basis。故填regular。
【分析】
【点睛】
57. D________ (尽管) ur different tastes in fd, my sister and I still enjy having meals tgether. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】Despite##espite
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管我们对食物的口味不同，我妹妹和我仍然喜欢一起吃饭。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接名词短语“ur different tastes”；根据中英文提示，despite为介词，表示“尽管”，符合句意；句首字母大写。故填Despite。
58. There are fur ________ (选项) fr a reading cmprehensin questin. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】ptins##ptins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：阅读理解题有四个选项。由首字母提示可知，“选项”是ptin，空前有fur，空格处用复数，故填ptins。
59. I beg t differ. Yur thery is based n a questinable a________ (假设). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】assumptin##ssumptin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我不敢苟同。你的理论建立在一个有问题的假设之上。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“假设”应为assumptin，且空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用名词单数。故填assumptin。
60. Unexpectedly, that accident resulted in a s________ (系列) f events. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】series##eries
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：出乎意料的是，那次事故导致了一系列事件。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填series，短语a series f表示“一系列”，故填series。
【分析】
【点睛】
61. I dn’t need yu t a________ (道歉) t me. I just want the prblem slved. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】aplgise##aplgize##plgise##plgize
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我不需要你向我道歉，我只想把问题解决了。根据“need yu t”可知，空处应为动词原形，与“t”构成动词不定式；根据中英文提示，aplgise/aplgize为动词，意为“道歉”。故填aplgise/aplgize。
62. Snny, never j________ (判断) a bk by its cver. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】judge##udge
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：桑尼，千万不要以貌取人。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填动词judge，此处为祈使句，应填原形。故填judge。
【分析】
【点睛】
63. I was t i________ (无知的) t see the huge ptential f the Chinese market at that time. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】ignrant##gnrant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当时我太无知了，没有看到中国市场的巨大潜力。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“无知的”应为ignrant。故填ignrant。
64. Let’s applaud fr all the a________ (运动员) participating in the 31st Summer Universiade! (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】athletes##thletes
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：让我们为参加第31届世界大学生夏季运动会的全体运动员鼓掌！根据“the”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；根据中英文提示，athlete意为“运动员”，为可数名词，由“all”可知，应用复数形式。故填athletes。
65. Being in gd health is mre imprtant than having a s________ (苗条的) figure. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】slim##lim
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：身体健康比身材苗条更重要。根据句意并结合中英文提示，这里应用形容词slim，作定语修饰figure。故填slim。
66. She was filled with excitement when appraching the grand e________ (入口) f the museum. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】entrance##ntrance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当她走近博物馆宏伟的入口时，心中充满了兴奋。根据“the ”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；根据中英文提示，entrance意为“入口”，为可数名词，由句意可知，应用单数形式。故填entrance。
67. The sudden change in schedule caused a lt f c________ (困惑) amng the emplyees. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】cnfusin##nfusin##cnfusins##nfusins
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：日程的突然改变在员工中引起了很大的困惑。根据中英文提示可知，cnfusin困惑，用作不可数名词或可数名词均可，在句中作宾语，故填cnfusin(s)。
68. Our schl is strngly ________ (反对的) t bullying f any kind. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】ppsed##ppsed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们学校强烈反对任何形式的欺凌行为。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填形容词ppsed，作表语。故填ppsed。
【分析】
【点睛】
69. Dn’t wrry abut me. I will c________ (联系) yu if necessary. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】cntact##ntact
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：别为我担心。如果需要我会联系你。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词cntact，作谓语，结合will可知为一般将来时。故填cntact。
【分析】
【点睛】
70. The nline f________ (论坛) prvides a platfrm fr peple t exchange thughts. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】frum##rum
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：网络论坛为人们交流思想提供了一个平台。分析句子可知，空处应为名词，作主语；根据中英文提示，frum意为“论坛”，为可数名词，根据谓语动词“prvides”可知，应用单数形式。故填frum。
71. Out f c________ (好奇心), I pened that letter withut permissin. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】curisity##urisity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：出于好奇，我未经允许就打开了那封信。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词curisity，作宾语，不可数。故填curisity。
【分析】
点睛】
72. My passin fr English is far beynd d________ (描述). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】descriptin##escriptin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我对英语的热情难以形容。根据介词“beynd”可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；根据中英文提示可知，应用名词descriptin，介词短语beynd descriptin意为“无法描述、难以形容”。故填descriptin。
73. Yu will have an ________ (机会) t ask questins at the end. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】pprtunity##pprtunity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：最后你们将有机会提问。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“机会”应为pprtunity，且空前有不定冠词an，所以此处使用名词单数。故填pprtunity。
74. Stp r________ (参考) t yur ntes! It’s a dictatin, Tm! (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】referring##eferring
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：别再看笔记了！这是听写，汤姆！根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词refer，此处为动名词作宾语，表示停止正在做的事情。故填referring。
【分析】
【点睛】
75. The by was ding nthing in p________ (特别的) when he suddenly came up with a gd idea. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】particular##articular
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：那个男孩没做什么特别之事的时候，突然想出了一个好主意。分析句子可知，此处应为固定短语 in particular意为“特别的，尤其”符合句意。故填particular。
第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分)
76. “Life is partly what we make it and partly what is made by the friends we chse.” 请结合自己的经历，写一篇演讲稿，参加学校英语演讲比赛。内容包括：
(1) 对这句话的理解；
(2) 简述朋友的影响；
(3) 关于择友的建议。
注意：
(1) 词数 100 词左右；
(2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Gd mrning, everyne.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Gd mrning, everyne. It’s my great hnr t deliver a speech abut friendship.
As the famus saying ges, “Life is partly what we make it and partly what is made by the friends we chse.” It’s we wh determine ur future, but ur friends als play a vital part in it.
Reflecting n my experiences, I’ve cme t realize the prfund impact my friends have had n me. One f my clsest friends, Wang Wei, pssesses a deep lve fr reading. Thrugh his enthusiastic recmmendatins, I have gradually discvered the jy f reading.
Chsing ur friends wisely is crucial. It is essential t seek ut individuals wh share ur values. Besides, surrunding urselves with psitive peple can serve as a pwerful surce f inspiratin, bsting ur self-belief and encuraging us t pursue ur dreams.
Abve is my understanding f friendship. Thank yu.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生结合自己的经历，写一篇演讲稿，参加学校英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发表演讲：deliver a speech→make a speech
快乐：jy→pleasure
此外：besides→what’s mre
鼓励：encurage→inspire
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, surrunding urselves with psitive peple can serve as a pwerful surce f inspiratin, bsting ur self-belief and encuraging us t pursue ur dreams.
拓展句：Besides, surrunding urselves with psitive peple can serve as a pwerful surce f inspiratin, which can bst ur self-belief and encurage us t pursue ur dreams.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As the famus saying ges, “Life is partly what we make it and partly what is made by the friends we chse.”（运用了what引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】It’s we wh determine ur future, but ur friends als play a vital part in it.（运用了强调句型）
【高分句型3】It is essential t seek ut individuals wh share ur values.（运用了wh引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 BCCBA 6-10 ABBCA 11-15 BABCA 16-20 BCACA
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