广东省东莞市第四中学2023-2024学年高三英语上学期10月月考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份广东省东莞市第四中学2023-2024学年高三英语上学期10月月考试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了 选择题的作答， 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bks are excellent gifts. Here are fur f the year’s mst talked-abut titles.
Ordinary Mnsters | By J. M. Mir
Mir has temprarily abandned literary fictin in favur f a new series f histrical fantasy nvels. Ordinary Mnsters is abut a grup f children with magical gifts wh cme tgether and pl their pwers t escape the bad shape-shifting man that’s ging after them.
Sn f Elsewhere: A Memir in Pieces | By Elamin Abdelmahmud
The sundtrack t The O. C., a drama series, and the strange beauty f Highway 401 were imprtant factrs in develping selfhd f Abdelmahmud. This bk describes his wn experience f mving frm Khartum, Sudan, t Kingstn, Canada, in the early 2000s at age 12.
A Magic Steeped in Pisn | By Judy I. Lin
Harry Ptter has his magic stick. And Ning, the herine f Lin’s first nvel, has tea, which in her wrld carries magical prperties. Lin has created a pleasing Yung Adult fantasy rich in Chinese mythlgy (神话). In this bk, Ning enters a cmpetitin t find the mst gifted tea master, Shennng.
A Ballet f Lepers | By Lenard Chen
Unlike many ther psthumus (死后出版的) wrks, yu can cunt n Chen’s t be wrth yur wait. Befre his death, he said that the nvel cntained in the bk, which was never published, was likely better than The Favurite Game, a nvel he published during his lifetime. This bk als includes a radi play script (剧本) and a handful f shrt stries.
1. Which bk is a mirrr f the authr’s life stry?
A. Ordinary Mnsters.B. Sn f Elsewhere: A Memir in Pieces.
C. A Magic Steeped in Pisn.D. A Ballet f Lepers.
2. What d the first and third bks have in cmmn?
A. They are abut teamwrk.
B. They are based n an imaginary wrld.
C. They bth invlve Chinese characters.
D. They draw inspiratin frm ther nvels.
3. What can be inferred abut A Ballet f Lepers?
A. It is a cllectin.B. It is Chen’s best nvel.
C. It is a fantasy nvel.D. It is adapted frm a play.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了今年最受关注的四本书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Sn f Elsewhere: A Memir in Pieces | By Elamin Abdelmahmud中的“This bk describes his wn experience f mving frm Khartum, Sudan, t Kingstn, Canada, in the early 2000s at age 12. (这本书描述了他在21世纪初12岁时从苏丹喀土穆搬到加拿大金斯敦的亲身经历。)”可知Sn f Elsewhere: A Memir in Pieces这本书反映了作者的生活故事，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ordinary Mnsters | By J. M. Mir中的“Ordinary Mnsters is abut a grup f children with magical gifts wh cme tgether and pl their pwers t escape the bad shape-shifting man that’s ging after them. (Ordinary Mnsters讲述的是一群拥有魔法天赋的孩子聚集在一起，聚集他们的力量，逃离追杀他们的坏变形人的故事。)”和A Magic Steeped in Pisn | By Judy I. Lin中的“Harry Ptter has his magic stick. And Ning, the herine f Lin’s first nvel, has tea, which in her wrld carries magical prperties. (哈利·波特有他的魔棒。林的第一部小说的女主人公宁，有茶，在她的世界里承载着神奇的特性。)”可知第一本书和第三本书都是和魔法相关的，它们都是基于一个想象的世界。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据A Ballet f Lepers | By Lenard Chen中的“This bk als includes a radi play script (剧本) and a handful f shrt stries. (这本书还包括一个广播剧剧本和一些短篇故事。)”可知这本书是一本合集。故选A。
B
A sng called Lnely Warrir (《孤勇者》) is always ringing in my ears. Six years ag, after hsting an annual ceremny fr my schl, I fund that my left leg was a little swllen, and very sn I culd barely walk. In fact, the swllen part became a fist-sized meatball that was s painful that I culd barely sleep. Of curse, I went t a lcal hspital, where I was given very bleak (不乐观的) news-stesarcma, which means bne cancer.
I underwent chemtherapy (化疗) fr the next tw years, and it was the wrst time f my life. Physically, I felt that the side effects f chemtherapy were killing me. I lst all f the hair n my bdy and I became ttally bald. I culd barely eat anything, even if felt hungry. I n lnger needed an alarm clck t wake up in the mrning. Instead, what wke me was my bdy telling me that I needed t vmit (呕吐).
I had n idea where all this treatment wuld leave me, and the dreams I had nce nursed abut the future were entirely wiped ut. I wanted t feel the wrld and experience mre, s I stuck t the curse f treatment. As time went by, hwever, I became weaker and weaker. The side effects nw were far wrse than they had been earlier.
I eventually suggested that the leg be chpped ff, and the dctr said that might be the best thing t d, as lng as I culd cpe with the psychlgical and scial pressures afterward. I made my decisin very calmly, because I knew things culd nt be wrse than they were at that mment, and I was determined that this was just ne mre battle I wuld win.
Nw, six years later, I have weathered all these difficulties. I have been s lucky t be able t find the strength t deal with all f this, and what I have t tell anyne still struggling with difficulties is this: have faith in yurself, and d nt let bad mments drag yu dwn. Just hang n and yu will cme thrugh.
4. What can we learn abut the side effects f chemtherapy?
A. They made the authr suffer a lt.
B. They destryed the authr’s faith.
C. They were relieved after treatment.
D. They were mre bvius in the daytime
5. What was the authr’s decisin t deal with his cnditin?
A. Chpping ff his leg.
B. Turning dwn the dctr’s advice.
C. Giving in t the cancer.
D. Seeking psychlgical assistance.
6. What des the underlined wrd“weathered”in the last paragraph mean?A. resistedB. survivedC. escapedD. prduced
7. What des the authr want t cnvey in the text?
A. A light heart lives lng.
B. A gd medicine tastes bitter.
C. Time wrks wnders.
D. One with faith braves any hardship.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者分享了自己与骨癌作斗争的经历，告诉那些与困难做斗争的人要相信自己，坚持下去，就会渡过难关。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I underwent chemtherapy (化疗) fr the next tw years, and it was the wrst time f my life. Physically, I felt that the side effects f chemtherapy were killing me.(在接下来的两年里，我接受了化疗，那是我一生中最糟糕的时期。身体上，我觉得化疗的副作用要了我的命。)”可知，作者化疗经历了最糟糕的人生，身体上，化疗的副作用几乎要将作者置于死地，由此可知，化疗让作者遭受很多的痛苦。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I eventually suggested that the leg be chpped ff, and the dctr said that might be the best thing t d, as lng as I culd cpe with the psychlgical and scial pressures afterward.(我最后建议把那条腿砍掉，医生说这可能是最好的办法，只要我能应付心理上和社会上的压力。)”可知，作者建议截肢，医生也认为这是最好的方法。故选A项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词后的句子“I have been s lucky t be able t find the strength t deal with all f this, and what I have t tell anyne still struggling with difficulties is this: have faith in yurself, and d nt let bad mments drag yu dwn. Just hang n and yu will cme thrugh.(我很幸运能够找到力量来处理这一切，我要告诉那些仍在与困难作斗争的人的是：要相信自己，不要让糟糕的时刻拖累你。只要坚持下去，你就会渡过难关的。)”可知，作者认为自己很幸运能找到力量处理这一切，并告诉与困难作斗争的人，相信自己，坚持下去就会渡过难关，由此可知，划线单词所在的句子的意思是“六年后，作者活了下来”，由此可猜测，该单词的意思是“幸存下来”。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“I have been s lucky t be able t find the strength t deal with all f this, and what I have t tell anyne still struggling with difficulties is this: have faith in yurself, and d nt let bad mments drag yu dwn. Just hang n and yu will cme thrugh.(我很幸运能够找到力量来处理这一切，我要告诉那些仍在与困难作斗争的人的是：要相信自己，不要让糟糕的时刻拖累你。只要坚持下去，你就会渡过难关的。)”并结合作者介绍的自己与疾病进行斗争的经历可知，本文表达的是有信念的人就能勇敢面对困难。故选D项。
C
Recently, mre than 1,000 researchers and executives signed an pen letter calling fr a pause in research n artificial intelligence. The letter warns that AI may threaten jbs, spread prpaganda (宣传), and even lead t the “lss f cntrl f ur civilizatin”.
Many f the signatries (签署者) are thughtful and experienced AI practitiners. Their cncerns shuld be taken seriusly. On balance, thugh, their apprach is likely t evlve int an ppsitin t prgress.
Cnsider the brader wrldview expressed in this dcument. It said, “Pwerful AI systems shuld be develped nly nce we are cnfident that their effects will be psitive and risks manageable. ” This is a frmula fr cmplete stp, as n ne can ever be s cnfident. The histry f innvatin is ne f trial and errr, risk and reward. One reasn why the US leads the wrld in digital technlgy is that it did nt cnstrain the industry with well-meaning but dubtful regulatin. Slwing AI prgress, mrever, carries risks all its wn. Dn’t frget that this technlgy is likely t make the wrld richer, healthier, smarter and mre prductive fr decades t cme. By 2030, it might be cntributing mre than $15 trillin t the glbal ecnmy. Advances in medicine, bilgy, climate science, educatin, manufacturing, transprtatin and much mre are n the hrizn. Any new rules must be balanced against the vast ptential f these effrts.
Nr is AI research advancing int a vid (空白领域). The industry already perates within legal parameters (范畴) in respnse t ptential harms. Cmpanies have ensured their prducts are safe. Trade assciatins are develping cdes f cnduct and ethical framewrks. Far frm the “ut-f-cntrl race”, the AI business is cnstrained by law and plitics and cnsumer sentiment.
It’s natural t wrry abut new technlgies. But the wealth and abundance f American sciety is due in n small part t risks taken in the past, in a spirit f penness and ptimism. The AI revlutin deserves n less.
8. Why did the researchers and executives sign the pen letter?
A. Because the research n AI had been paused.
B. Because AI had uncntrllably destryed human civilizatin.
C. Because they were wrried abut the ptential risks f AI.
D. Because they were mre experienced than thers in AI field.9. Why is the US mentined in paragraph 3?
A. T supprt that innvatin cmes frm taking risks.
B. T stress that the US is very imprtant in the digital field.
C. T draw attentin t the benefits f well-meaning regulatins.
D. T reveal thse peple’s real purpse f signing the letter.
10. What can we infer frm this passage?
A. AI technlgy cnsumes mre mney than it can earn.
B. Sciety will hugely benefit frm AI technlgy in the future.
C. The AI industry is nw develping withut any restrictins.
D. The develpment f AI technlgy is just a sl effrt.
11. What’s the writer’s attitude twards AI revlutin?
A. Dubtful.B. Supprtive.C. Neutral.D. Indifferent.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。最近，1000多名研究人员和高管签署了一封公开信，呼吁暂停人工智能的研究。这封信警告说，人工智能可能会威胁到就业，传播宣传，甚至导致“对我们文明的失控”。许多签名者都是深思熟虑且经验丰富的人工智能从业者。他们的担忧应该得到认真对待。但总的来说，他们的做法很可能演变成反对进步。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The letter warns that AI may threaten jbs, spread prpaganda (宣传), and even lead t the “lss f cntrl f ur civilizatin”.(这封信警告说，人工智能可能会威胁到就业，传播宣传，甚至导致“对我们文明的失控”)”可知，研究人员和高管们签署了这封公开信是因为他们担心人工智能的潜在风险。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The histry f innvatin is ne f trial and errr, risk and reward. One reasn why the US leads the wrld in digital technlgy is that it did nt cnstrain the industry with well-meaning but dubtful regulatin.(创新的历史是一部试错、冒险和回报的历史。美国在数字技术领域领先世界的一个原因是，它没有用善意但令人怀疑的监管来限制该行业)”可推知，第3段提到了美国是为了支持创新需要承担风险的论点。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Advances in medicine, bilgy, climate science, educatin, manufacturing, transprtatin and much mre are n the hrizn. Any new rules must be balanced against the vast ptential f these effrts.(医学、生物学、气候科学、教育、制造业、交通运输等领域的进步即将到来。任何新规则都必须与这些努力的巨大潜力相平衡)”可推知，未来社会将从人工智能技术中受益匪浅。故选B。
11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s natural t wrry abut new technlgies. But the wealth and abundance f American sciety is due in n small part t risks taken in the past, in a spirit f penness and ptimism. The AI revlutin deserves n less.(对新技术的担忧是很自然的。但是，美国社会的财富和丰富在很大程度上要归功于过去本着开放和乐观的精神所承担的风险。人工智能革命理应如此)”可推知，作者对人工智能革命的态度是支持的。故选B。
D
Pisn frgs acrss Central and Suth America display sme f the brightest clrs in the animal kingdm. The way such creatures evlved t be just clrful enugh t signal their txic (有毒的) defense-but nt s clrful that they becme vulnerable t predatrs (捕食者) — has lng been a grey area fr scientists. Initially, predatrs wuld nt have knwn that bright clrs signal txicity, and therefre wuld have eaten, and then becme ill-these easily-sptted few members f a species with the clrful mutatin (突变). In thery, this shuld make it virtually impssible fr the apsematic (防护色的) pineers t pass n their genes t their ffspring, allwing fr the mutatin t take hld in the ppulatin.
T get t the bttm f this dilemma, Karl Leffler Henry, a researcher at Carletn University launched the new study. Leffler Henry’s team pred ver data frm the family trees f 1,100 species f frgs, newts and salamanders, and categrized them int ne f five grups. On ne end f range are the creatures with bright blues, yellws and reds. On the ther are species that blend in perfectly with their surrundings. Between these ples, the scientists place species with camuflaged (伪装的) tps and clrful bttms in varius degrees. These tend t display their dramatic halves nly when trying t defend themselves frm predatrs.
The team used nine different cmputer mdels t test the ptential evlutinary rutes the species in the bright apsematic grup might have taken t evlve this way. In the end, the researchers realized that they all kind f fllwed a similar pattern, evlving frm species in the middle f that range, thse whse clrs are hidden unless in danger.
There have als been ther theries prpsed, but this new thery presents a mechanism that is likely t play a rle in the evlutin f anti-predatr defense in varius prey grups and a wide range f different predatrs. Pssibly, it might inspire the explratin f evlutin f warning clratin in ther animal grups as well.
12. What remained unclear t scientists in the past?A. Hw the prper shades f the clrs are evlved.
B. Hw these creatures signal their txic defence.
C. Which clrs are better at scaring predatrs away.
D. Which creatures are at higher risk f being eaten.
13. What d the underlined wrds “this dilemma” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. The predatrs clearly knew abut the txicity but still feed n them.
B. The first clrful members have bright clrs but can avid predatrs.
C. The first clrful members were eaten but the mutatin was passed n.
D. The predatrs became seriusly ill but their ppulatin cntinued t bm.
14. What d we knw abut the new study?
A The clrs f all thse species were either bright r grey.
B. The apsematic grup evlved by fllwing nine rutes.
C. The researchers bserved these different species in the wild.
D. The rigin f the evlutin turned ut t be the hidden clrs.
15. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. Other theries f the evlutin.B. Other animals’ evlutin rutes.
C. The drawbacks f the study.D. The significance f the study.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家研究毒蛙为何能把颜色进化出来，介绍了研究开展的过程以及其意义。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The way such creatures evlved t be just clrful enugh t signal their txic (有毒的) defense-but nt s clrful that they becme vulnerable t predatrs (捕食者) — has lng been a grey area fr scientists.(对科学家来说，这些生物的进化方式一直是一个灰色地带，它们的颜色足以表明它们的有毒防御，但又不会太过鲜艳，以至于容易受到捕食者的攻击)”可知，过去科学家还不清楚的是正确的颜色深浅是如何进化的。故选A。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Initially, predatrs wuld nt have knwn that bright clrs signal txicity, and therefre wuld have eaten, and then becme ill-these easily-sptted few members f a species with the clrful mutatin (突变). In thery, this shuld make it virtually impssible fr the apsematic (防护色的) pineers t pass n their genes t their ffspring, allwing fr the mutatin t take hld in the ppulatin.(起初，捕食者不知道鲜艳的颜色是有毒的信号，因此会吃了之后生病——这些很容易被发现的少数带有彩色突变的物种成员。从理论上讲，这应该使先驱者几乎不可能将他们的基因传递给后代，从而使突变在种群中占据主导地位)”可知，亮丽的颜色成为警戒色是这些天敌在试误后得到的教训, 但既然这些有着亮丽颜色的生物被吃掉了, 那从理论上讲就不可能把这个突变的基因传给后代了，但是却传了下来，故this dilemma指的是“第一批颜色鲜艳的成员被吃掉了，但是突变遗传了下去”。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In the end, the researchers realized that they all kind f fllwed a similar pattern, evlving frm species in the middle f that range, thse whse clrs are hidden unless in danger.(最后，研究人员意识到它们都遵循类似的模式，从这个范围的中间物种进化而来，这些物种的颜色是隐藏的，除非处于危险之中)”可知，进化的起源起初是隐藏的颜色。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“There have als been ther theries prpsed, but this new thery presents a mechanism that is likely t play a rle in the evlutin f anti-predatr defense in varius prey grups and a wide range f different predatrs. Pssibly, it might inspire the explratin f evlutin f warning clratin in ther animal grups as well.(也有人提出了其他理论，但这个新理论提出了一种机制，可能在各种猎物群体和各种不同捕食者的反捕食者防御进化中发挥作用。也许，这也会启发我们探索其他动物群体中警告色的进化)”可知，最后一段主要讲研究的意义。故选D。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Enhance Yur Wellbeing in Nature
Nature reduces ur anger, fear, and depressin and increases ur psitive md and psychlgical wellbeing. Time in nature als brings us ut f urselves and ur narrw cncerns and cnnects us t a larger wrld where we find beauty and interest. ___16___
It is clear that it is imprtant t get utside! ___17___ But even if yu live in an urban area, spend time in yur yard r find a park r a green space with trees and bushes. G utside during yur lunch hur if yu can t get a “breath f fresh air” and give yur mind a break. ___18___
We all knw the lng list f physical, mental, and emtinal benefits f exercise. Exercise imprves attentin in the yung and cgnitive functining in the ld. It reduces stress and acts as an antidepressant. ___19___ But much as we knw all these benefits, we can’t always mtivate urselves t exercise regularly. This is where nature can help. An appealing place t walk r bike can get us ff ur seats and mving. And nce we start, the beauty f natural surrundings keeps us mtivated t cntinue.
___20___ A series f studies shwed that walking in frests, as ppsed t urban envirnments, lwered bld pressure and stress hrmnes well beynd the time f the walk. S find smewhere with trees, bushes, wild grasses r flwers, water, and ther such natural elements and g fr a walk r run r bike. Gardening is anther wnderful way t be active utside.
A. If yu can get t the cuntry, r a lake, that’s wnderful.
B. Exercise is als the key if we want t avid gaining weight.
C. S find smewhere with trees r bushes t g fr a walk.
D. The beauty f natural surrundings can keep us mtivated.
E. Thus the envirnment is cnnected t ur verall wellbeing.
F. Yu shuld find mre energy fr yur afternn mental tasks.
G. Mrever, exercising utdrs reduces stress even mre than exercise indrs.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. F 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述在大自然中可以增强幸福感，环境对我们的身心健康有很多好处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Nature reduces ur anger, fear, and depressin and increases ur psitive md and psychlgical wellbeing. Time in nature als brings us ut f urselves and ur narrw cncerns and cnnects us t a larger wrld where we find beauty and interest.(大自然减少了我们的愤怒、恐惧和沮丧，增加了我们的积极情绪和心理健康。大自然中的时间也带我们走出自我和狭隘的关注，将我们连接到一个更大的世界，在那里我们可以发现美和兴趣)”可知, 本段主要讲述大自然对我们心理和情绪的影响，可以开阔我们的视野，空处为段尾句，对本段有总结和归纳的作用。所以E选项(因此，环境与我们的整体健康息息相关)符合语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据下文“But even if yu live in an urban area, spend time in yur yard r find a park r a green space with trees and bushes.( 但即使你住在城市地区，花时间在你的院子里，或找一个公园或有树木和灌木的绿地)”可知，此处应指与城市对应的地方，那就是乡下。故A选项(如果你能去乡村或湖边，那就太好了)符合语境。故选A。【18题详解】
空处为段尾句，应承接上文。由上文“G utside during yur lunch hur if yu can t get a “breath f fresh air” and give yur mind a break. (如果可以的话，在午餐时间到外面去“呼吸一下新鲜空气”，让你的大脑休息一下)” 可知，午餐时间可到大自然中呼吸新鲜空气，让大脑休息一下。F选项(你应该为下午的脑力工作找到更多的能量)与上句衔接密切，符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“We all knw the lng list f physical, mental, and emtinal benefits f exercise. Exercise imprves attentin in the yung and cgnitive functining in the ld. It reduces stress and acts as an antidepressant.( 我们都知道锻炼对身体、心理和情感有很多好处。锻炼可以提高年轻人的注意力和老年人的认知能力。它可以减轻压力，起到抗抑郁的作用)”提到锻炼对精神方面的好处，下文提到“all these benefits”，所以本句仍为锻炼的好处。B选项(如果我们想避免增重，锻炼也是关键)符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
空处为段首主题句。根据下文“A series f studies shwed that walking in frests, as ppsed t urban envirnments, lwered bld pressure and stress hrmnes well beynd the time f the walk.( 一系列的研究表明，与城市环境相反，在森林中散步，降低血压和压力荷尔蒙的时间远远超过散步的时间)”主要讲述到室外锻炼比在室内锻炼要好。G选项(此外，户外运动比室内运动更能减轻压力) 能够概括本段大意。故选G。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We live in a wrld increasingly dminated by science. Since elementary schl, I have always ___21___subjects like science and math. T me, these subjects, full f discveries and ___22___, seem t play mre significant rle in human prgress than humanities. And I always ___23___thught f these subjects as mre slid and serius than classes like English. If there was n right ___24___I thught, why bther? But recently I had an ___25___that taught me my academic interests are mre flexible than I had thught: I tk my first philsphy class.
Befre I entered the classrm, I was ___26___. I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve. I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins ___27___intended t reflect n the meaning f life. But what I gt was smething quite ___28___.
A yung man in jeans, Mr. Jnes — “but yu can call me Rb” — was far frm the white- haired, buttned-up ld man I had ___29___. Rather than pulling us int dull arguments abut difficult-t-understand philsphical pints, Rb ___30___us n ur level. T talk free will, we lked at ur wn bstacles. T talk mrals, we lked at ___31___we had faced urselves. By the end f class, I’d discvered that questins with n right answer can turn ut t be the mst ___32___nes.
It ___33___me that if I let g f my ___34___, I can actually get a lt ut f the subjects I nce thught little f. The class taught me — in mre ways than ne — t lk at things with a(n) ___35___mind.
21. A. chsenB. evaluatedC. favredD. avided
22. A. frmulasB. puzzlesC. challengesD. innvatins
23. A. autmaticallyB. cnsciuslyC. accuratelyD. impatiently
24. A. reasnB. answerC. methdD. directin
25. A. surpriseB. experienceC. incidentD. adventure
26. A. hpefulB. cnfidentC. dubtfulD. nervus
27. A. jkinglyB. mistakenlyC. previuslyD. naturally
28. A. uniqueB. cmmnC. differentD. strange
29. A. mentinedB. expectedC. encunteredD. missed
30. A. engagedB. testedC. persuadedD. invited
31. A. chicesB. abilitiesC. dilemmasD. dubts
32. A. bjectiveB. effectiveC. encuragingD. appealing
33. A. cnfusedB. struckC. warnedD. cnvinced
34. A. prideB. cncernC. assessmentD. prejudice
35. A. penB. strngC. sharpD. ready
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过自己的亲身经历意识到，像英语和哲学这样的人文科学比科学和数学这样的学科更加灵活，并不是固定不变的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小学起，我就一直偏爱学习科学和数学等科目。A. chsen选择；B. evaluated评价；C. favred偏爱；D. avided避免。根据下文“T me, these subjects, full f discveries and ___2___, seem t play mre significant rle in human prgress than humanities.”可知，作者从小学开始一直就偏爱学习科学和数学等科目，因为作者觉得这些学科更有意义。故选C。
【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这些充满发现和创新的学科在人类进步中的作用似乎比人文学科更重要。A. frmulas公式；B. puzzles谜题；C. challenges挑战；D. innvatins创新。根据空前的discveries可知，作者觉得科学和数学等科目充满了发现和创新，在人类进步中的作用更大。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直自然地认为这些科目比英语等课程更扎实、更严肃。A. autmatically自然地；B. cnsciusly有意识地，自觉地；C. accurately准确地；D. impatiently无耐性地。根据上文“Since elementary schl, I have always___1___subjects like science and math.”可知，作者一直认为科学和数学在人类进步中的作用更大，这是作者的固有印象，所以自然而然地认为这些学科比英语等课程更扎实、更严肃。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有正确的答案，我想，为什么要麻烦去学习呢？A. reasn原因；B. answer答案；C. methd方法；D. directin方向。根据下文“By the end f class, I’d discvered that questins with n right answer can turn ut t be the mst ___12___nes.”可知，作者认为人文学科很多都没有正确答案。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最近我的一次经历教会了我，我的学术兴趣比我想象的更灵活：我上了第一堂哲学课。A. surprise惊喜；B. experience经验；C. incident事件；D. adventure冒险。根据下文“Befre I entered the classrm, I was___6___. I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve. I imagined getting int pretty lng and bring cnversatins___7___intended t reflect n the meaning f life. But what I gt was smething quite___8___”可知，接下来讲述的是作者的经历，也就是说作者从这次上哲学课的经历中有了新的感悟。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我进入教室之前，我很怀疑。A. hpeful有希望的；B. cnfident自信的；C. dubtful可疑的；D. nervus焦虑的。根据下文“I waited utside with the ther students and wndered what exactly philsphy wuld invlve”可知，作者第一次上哲学课，对这门学科充满了疑虑，不知道哲学到底涉及到什么问题。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想象着进入一段很长很无聊的对话，自然是为了反思生活的意义。A. jkingly开玩笑地；B. mistakenly错误地；C. previusly先前；D. naturally自然地。根据上文“And I always___3___thught f these subjects as mre slid and serius than classes like English.”可知，作者固有的思维就是，人文学科很多都没有正确答案，所以作者认为哲学课的对话会无聊，然后自然的就是反思生活的意义。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我得到的是完全不同的东西。A. unique独特的；B. cmmn普通的；C. different不同的；D. strange奇怪的。根据转折连词but以及下文“By the end f class, I’d discvered that questins with n right answer can turn ut t be the mst ___12___nes.”可知，作者上完课后感觉哲学课和他想象的不要一样，作者之前认为哲学课很枯燥，但是实际上很有趣。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，琼斯先生--“但是你可以叫我罗伯”这与我所期望的那个满头白发、衣冠楚楚的老人相去甚远。A. mentined提到；B. expected预期；C. encuntered遇到；D. missed错过。根据上文“A yung man in jeans, Mr. Jnes”可知，作者认为上哲学课的老师是一个白头发，系着纽扣的老人，但实际上是一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，所以这和他期待的不一样。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗伯没有把我们拖入关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在了我们的立场上。A. engaged使参与；B.tested测试；C. persuaded说服；D. invited邀请。根据上文“Rather than pulling us int dull arguments abut difficult-t-understand philsphical pints”可知，老师并没有学生进入到关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是使学生站在他们的水平上。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了谈论道德，我们审视自己所面临的困境。A. chices选择；B. abilities能力；C. dilemmas困境；D. dubts疑虑。根据上文“T talk free will, we lked at ur wn bstacles.”可知，作者在讨论自由意志时，看到了自己的障碍，同样，在讨论道德时，看到了自己的困境。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下课时，我发现没有正确答案的问题可能是最吸引人的问题。A. bjective客观的；B. effective有效的；C. encuraging令人鼓舞的的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据上文“If there was n right___4___I thught, why bther? But recently I had an___5___that taught me my academic interests are mre flexible than I had thught:I tk my first philsphy class.”可知，作者以前认为，没有答案是没有意义的，是枯燥的，而现在却发现没有正确答案的问题才可能是最吸引人的。故选D。
【33题详解】
考动词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我放下偏见，我实际上可以从我曾经很少考虑话题中得到很多。A. cnfused使困惑；B. struck打击，想起；C. warned警告；D. cnvinced确信。根据空后“I can actually get a lt ut f the subjects I nce thught little f”可知，作者上完哲学课后突然意识到能够从很少考虑的话题中得到很多。It strikes（struck）sb. that...“某人突然想到...”。故选B。【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我放下偏见，我实际上可以从我曾经很少考虑的话题中得到很多。A. pride骄傲；B. cncern关注点；C. assessment评估；D. prejudice偏见。根据上文“And I always___3___thught f these subjects as mre slid and serius than classes like English. If there was n right___4___I thught, why bther?”可知，作者对这些人文学科是有偏见的。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这门课教会了我——在很多方面——以开放的心态看待事物。A. pen公开的；B. strng强壮的；C. sharp锋利的；D. ready准备好的。根据上文“It___13___me that if I let g f my___14___, I can actually get a lt ut f the subjects I nce thught little f.”可知，作者意识到，对那些人文学科不能带有偏见，要思想开放。故选A。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The guqin, China’s ldest stringed instrument, has existed fr ver 3,000 years. The earliest piece, ___36___ (unearth) in Hubei prvince in 2016, dates back t the Zhu Dynasty.
The bdy f a guqin is made f wd and seven strings f silk, but unlike its seemingly simple appearance, it takes ver a hundred wrking prcedures ___37___ (make) the instrument, including material selectin, painting and tuning. It is ___38___ extremely demanding jb.
The guqin, alng with the game f G, calligraphy and painting, ___39___ (expect) t be mastered by nblemen and schlars in ancient China. The mst distinguished guqin ___40___ (music) was Yu Bya in the Spring and Autumn & Warring States Perids. As he played the guqin in the muntains, a wdcutter named Zhng Ziqi heard it and understd exactly ___41___ was expressed in the music. This deep understanding frmed a strng bnd ___42___ them, and they became clse friends. This is the famus tale behind the guqin masterpiece, High Muntains, Flwing Water, ___43___ has been passed dwn thrugh generatins and is cnsidered ne f the greatest cmpsitins in Chinese guqin music.
Nwadays, there are fewer than ne thusand well-trained guqin players and perhaps n mre than fifty ___44___ (survive) masters. The riginal several thusand cmpsitins have _____45_____ (significant) declined t a mere hundred wrks that are regularly perfrmed tday.
【答案】36. unearthed
37. t make
38. an 39. was expected
40. musician 41. what 42. between
43. which 44. surviving
45. significantly
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国最古老的弦乐器古琴的历史，以及有关古琴的故事和现状。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最早的一件是2016年在湖北省出土的，可以追溯到周朝。分析句子结构可知，句子中已经有谓语动词，因此空格处需要填入非谓语动词。动词与逻辑主语为动宾关系，因此需要使用过去分词表示被动。故填unearthed。
【37题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：古琴的琴身是由木头和七根丝弦制成的，但与它看似简单的外表不同，制作这把琴需要上百道工序，包括选材、上色和调音。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词；表示“制作这把琴的工序”，动词不定式作主语，it作形式主语。故填t make。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这是一项要求极高的工作。此处表示“一项工作”，jb为可数名词，因此空格处需要填入冠词，空格后单词的发音为元音因素，所以用an。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：古琴和围棋、书法、绘画一样，被认为是中国古代贵族和学者所能掌握的。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓语动词；此处“古琴”是被认为，所以空格处需要使用动词的被动语态，时间发生在过去，因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词用was。故填was expected。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：最杰出的古琴演奏家是春秋战国时期的俞伯牙。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入名词，根据后面可知，此处指的是古琴演奏家；所以需要填入musician。故填musician。
【41题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：当他在山上弹奏古琴时，一个叫钟子期的樵夫听到了，并准确地理解了音乐中所表达的意思。分析句子结构可知，空格及后面为宾语从句，空格处需要填入宾语从句的连接词，从句缺少主语；且表示“什么”。故填what。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：这种深刻的理解在他们之间形成了牢固的纽带，他们成为了亲密的朋友。此处表示“他们之间形成了纽带”，空格处需要填入表示“在……之间”，此处表示两者之间，因此用between。故填between。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这就是古琴名作《高山流水》背后的著名故事，它被认为是中国古琴音乐中最伟大的作品之一，并代代相传。分析句子结构可知，空格及后面为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“故事”，因此使用which。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如今，训练有素的古琴演奏者不足千人，幸存的大师可能不超过50人。分析句子结构可知，此处位于名词之前，因此需要填入形容词；surviving表示“继续存在的”。故填surviving。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：最初的几千首曲子已经大大减少到今天经常演奏的只有区区几百首。此处位于动词之前，因此需要填入副词作状语，表示“显著地”。故填significantly。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Alex已被香港大学录取。请你写邮件祝贺Alex，并请教如何申请入读香港大学。
注意：
1.写作词数应为100左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Alex,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Alex,
I’m thrilled t hear that yu’ve been accepted int the University f Hng Kng! Cngratulatins n this wnderful achievement! I am s prud f yu and I knw hw hard yu have wrked t make it happen.Meanwhile I was wndering if yu culd share sme insights n hw yu went abut applying t the university. I’m interested in knwing mre abut the prcess since I’m thinking abut the pssibility f studying there. Any tips r advice yu culd ffer wuld be greatly appreciated.
I hpe that yu’re excited fr this new adventure and I wish yu all the best fr yur studies in Hng Kng. Please keep in tuch and let me knw hw everything is ging.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Alex写封邮件，祝贺他被香港大学录取，并请教如何申请入读香港大学。
【详解】1.词汇积累
激动的：thrilled→excited
为……感到骄傲：be prud f→take pride in
与此同时：meanwhile→in the meantime
提供：ffer→prvide
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Any tips r advice yu culd ffer wuld be greatly appreciated.
拓展句：I wuld appreciate it if yu culd ffer me sme tips r advice.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Meanwhile, I was wndering if yu culd share sme insights n hw yu went abut applying t the university. (运用了if引导的宾语从句和hw引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】I’m interested in knwing mre abut the prcess since I’m thinking abut the pssibility f studying there.（运用了since引导原因状语从句）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As the late afternn sun beat dwn n his farm in Missuri last May, Brandn finished feeding his cws and decided t g hme. As they ften did, his tw sns, Luie, 7, and Everett, 5, fllwed clsely.
As they headed fr the huse, the tw bys ran ahead f their father, wh stpped t clse the gate. Luie paused at a bard cvering an ld well. The bard had, ver time, becme easily brken. When Luie stepped n it, it caved in and he fell int the well. Brandn had just clse the dr when he heard a cry fr help. He turned arund and fund his yunger sn Everett standing alne beside the well, pinting t it and screaming.
Brandn quickly realized what had happened. “N, Luie can barely swim,” he panicked, his mind almst ging blank. Hwever, he knew he shuld calm dwn. He ran t the well and heard Luie hitting the water. Withut thinking, he jumped in. Smehw, Brandn managed t grab n t a pipe that ran dwn the side f the well. He hit the cld water at the bttm f the well and lifted Luie up as he stuck his wn legs and back against the narrw walls fr supprt. “All right, Dad, we can climb ut nw,” Luie said.
If nly it were that easy!
The pipe that he’d grabbed during his fall was t slippery t be f any use. There was nly ne way ut. Lking up t see Everett lking dwn at them, Brandn shuted, “Everett, yu’re ging t have t be a big by and save us. Run t the rad and stand by the mailbx until smene stps. Tell them we need help. And Everett, stay ff the rad.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Everett did as he was tld.
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The cuple hurried t the well with Everett.
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【答案】范文
Everett did as he was tld. Abut 15minutes later, Dan and Christi, nearby farmers, were driving by when they nticed Everett alne by the side f the rad, waving. They pulled ver and asked if he was OK. “My daddy’s in a hle” he tld them. Hearing this, they piled Everett int their pickup and then drve t the well.
The cuple hurried t the well with Everett. “Brandn” Dan shuted, “It’s Dan. We’re ging t send a rpe dwn t yu.” After several minutes they pulled Luie ut f the well. The cuple nw turned their attentin t Brandn, but he was t heavy t pull ut f the well using just the rpe. After a brief discussin, they decided t use the ld windmill that still std ver the well. Frty-sme minutes after he’d jumped int the well t save his sn, Brandn emerged, cld and wet. “Yu are ur life saver.” Brandn thanked Dan, wh turned t Everett. Dan said. “Everett is actually yur life saver. Withut him, I wuldn’t have knwn the accident, let alne the rescue!” Wrds culdn’t express his surprise when the father turned t the 3-year-ld by. Finally they thanked Dan again tgether.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Brandn喂完牛后，和两个儿子Luie和Everett一起回家，在Brandn停下来关门时，Luie踩在覆盖在井盖上的木板上，由于木板老化断裂，他掉进了井里。Brandn跳进井里抓住了Luie，但是因为井里太滑，两人都不能逃出，Brandn让井口的Everett去路边寻求帮助，最终Everett找到了两个大人来帮忙，两人得以脱险。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Everett照他说的做了”可知，第一段可描写Everett找到了两人帮忙，并来到了井边准备救助井里的人。
②由第二段首句内容“夫妇俩和Everett一起赶到井边”可知，第二段可描写夫妇救助Brandn和Luie的经过，以及他们得救后的反应。
2.续写线索：Everett去求救——邻居停下车——了解了情况——开车到井边——拉出Luie——利用旧风车拉起Brandn——感激
3.词汇激活
行为类
①停车：pull ver/pull n the side
②拉出：pull ut/haul ut
③浮现：emerge/arise
情绪类
①感谢：thank/shw ne’s gratitude t
②惊讶：surprise/shck
【点睛】[高分句型1] After a brief discussin, they decided t use the ld windmill that still std ver the well. (由关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Wrds culdn’t express his surprise when the father turned t the 3-year-ld by. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)