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北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高二英语上学期期中试题B卷（Word版附答案）
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这是一份北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高二英语上学期期中试题B卷（Word版附答案），共30页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
丰台区2023-2024学年度第一学期期中练习
高二英语（B卷）
考试时间：90分钟
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Katie Whetsell was interested in musicals and Disney movies from an early age. When her mother, Karen, was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer, the family made a ____1____ to go to Disney World, which had been a long-time dream vacation for Karen. They ____2____ and headed to Disney World for a trip that none of them would ever ____3____. Katie would remember forever the moment that ____4____ her life on that trip. After a long day at the parks, the Whetsells decided to ____5____ one of Disney World’s many nightly light shows. While watching, a performer ____6____ Karen and rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie remembers how ____7____ her mom looked. The whole family was ____8____ and moved to tears.
This was the day when Katie decided she wanted to ____9____ for Disney as a performer. Katie began to follow her dream after she received her ______10______ in musical theater from Otterbein University. Her hard work finally ______11______ when she got a job on Disney Cruise Line (邮轮) in 2009, and later as a ______12______ in Disney on Classic (迪士尼音乐会) in Tokyo.
Katie has a strong message for everyone, ______13______ people who may be experiencing a hard time. “Just like in your favorite Disney movie,” she says, “there is always some kind of ______14______ or pressure. But remember to ______15______ those moments, too, because they are taking you to your happy ending.”
1. A. comment B. summary C. presentation D. decision
2. A. gave in B. settled down C. packed up D. took over
3. A. benefit B. forget C. finish D. dislike
4. A. saved B. balanced C. shortened D. changed
5. A. request B. admire C. introduce D. organize
6. A. approached B. defended C. persuaded D. affected
7. A. respectful B. peaceful C. cheerful D. powerful
8. A. touched B. ashamed C. distracted D. anxious
9. A. care B. search C. work D. stand
10. A. degree B. job C. blessing D. reward
11. A. broke out B. paid off C. showed up D. came around
12. A. director B. writer C. journalist D. performer
13 A. exactly B. actually C. especially D. gradually
14. A. violence B. hardship C. loneliness D. doubt
15. A. celebrate B. recognize C. spend D. select
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Parrots usually live in large groups and they like to eat fruit. They _____16_____ (find) in countries like Brazil, Australia and India. There are different kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, _____17_____ they use for climbing and holding food. The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years. They are _____18_____ (noise), but they are clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. Some zoos have parrot shows, where you can see birds doing things they have learned.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
_____19_____(keep) a learning diary is a possible way to learn independently. Your learning diaries could record your progress — your teacher’s marks, the areas you covered, the points you did not understand, the problems you faced, and the means you used _____20_____(overcome) them. If you keep such a diary, you will undoubtedly become much more aware of your own learning _____21_____(difficulty), and will be more likely to solve them. Besides, you can benefit by writing about your expectations for a course, and reporting on the outcomes of it.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Before Mr. Jenkins taught me, science _____22_____ (be) a subject full of strange words to me. I had no idea _____23_____ hydrogen was, and I didn’t really want to know, either! But Mr. Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult _____24_____ lots of practical examples and in simple language. One day, he took us outside, and we _____25_____ (build) a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set it off. It was great fun.
第二部分 阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Explore your world—Mirthy
Online events to help you discover, learn and connect
Who is Mirthy?
Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45,000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting. It’s all about fulfilment and wellbeing.
There are some online events each month to try, from craft workshops (手工工坊) to fitness sessions. For example, according to our event calendar, this week you can attend gardening classes and singing lessons. So whether you have a desire to get fitter or to pick up a new skill—signing up for classes and events with Mirthy could be just what you have been looking for.
How does it work?
Sign up via the online registration form at Mirthy.com. Then you can take a look through the calendar of upcoming events and see what takes your fancy.
Once you register for an event, you will then receive a link on email ready for you to join the live event. If your plans change and you can’t make it, you will receive a link for a 7-day replay that you can watch at a time that is convenient for you!
Best of all, it’s completely FREE to join!
Join Mirthy for free today, and you can enjoy any 4 events every month, for free! If you’re up for more, then you can either select and book additional events on a pay-as-you-go basis, normally for £2.99 each, or you can upgrade to the Premium membership giving you full free access to all events for only £4.99 per month.
If you choose to go for the Premium membership, there’s no contract. You simply upgrade your membership and you can cancel anytime.
26. Mirthy is intended to_________.
A. improve people’s fitness B. organize sociable events
C. provide craft workshops D. create an online community
27. What can people do at Mirthy this week?
A. Make art crafts. B. Talk about fitness experience.
C. Learn songs. D. Study wild plants and animals.
28. Which of the following is true about Mirthy?
A. People can sign up for the events online.
B. The events can be watched again at any time.
C. People can upgrade their membership for free.
D. No more than 4 events are offered each month.
29. What’s the main purpose of this passage?
A. To share a lifestyle.
B. To recommend a website.
C. To introduce online events.
D. To explain a registration process.
B
The Well that Changed the World
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close—only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometers to get water every day? And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?”
At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbors. He soon reached his first target (目标) of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well.
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile.
Later, Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation (基金会) to encourage more people to help. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan’s foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water.
30. The following statements make Ryan decide to help students in developing African countries, EXCEPT_________.
A. Ryan has troubles understanding the words spoken by teachers.
B. Many students are suffering from sickness caused by dirty water.
C. Ryan thought life shouldn’t be so hard for them while his is easy.
D Many students have to walk a long way to get clean and safe water.
31. How did Ryan raise money to build a well after finishing his first target?
A. By asking his teacher and friends’ parents for help.
B By persuading people around him to donate money.
C. By setting up a public foundation to attract support.
D. By doing some work for his family and neighbors.
32. Which of the following words can best describe Ryan?
A. Kind-hearted and determined. B. Humorous and ambitious.
C. Brave and generous. D. Grateful and hardworking.
C
The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn’t always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle’s “great conservation success story”.
The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. “It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,” he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat. But such threat tended to be overstated. Throughout the early 20th century, thousands of bald eagles were shot down. Things began to change for the bird in 1940, when the government passed its legal protection — the Bald Eagle Protection Act.
However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (杀虫剂), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number — totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U.S. “At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,” Davis said. “That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.” “We stepped up.” He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch “hugely successful” eagle protection projects.
By 2007, the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health, reaching nearly 11,000 nesting pairs nationwide, and today’s number is somewhere around 500,000.
For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.
33. What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time?
A. The illegal hunting. B. The loose control of guns.
C. The attack from other animals. D. The misunderstanding of their threat.
34. What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects?
A. The outbreak of World War II. B. The overuse of DDT nationwide.
C. The disappearance of eagle habitat. D. The worsening of eagles’ living condition.
35. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A. To tell a story of a dying species.
B. To advertise the book of Jack E. Davis.
C. To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.
D. To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles.
D
Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better health as adults, according to a research.
“This research suggests that improving students’ relationships with teachers could have important, positive and long-lasting effects beyond just academic success,” said Jinho Kim, the author of the study. “It could also bring about important health benefits in the long run.”
Previous research has suggested that teens’ social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood—perhaps because poor relationships can lead to chronic stress which can raise a person’s risk of health problems over the lifespan, according to Kim. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is certainly cause and effect—it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence and poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens relationships with their peers, rather than on their relationships with teachers.
To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study, a national study that followed participants for 13 years, from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participants included more than 3, 400 pairs of brothers and sisters. As teens, participants answered questions, like “How often have you had trouble getting along with other students?” “How much do you agree that friends care about you?” “How often have you had trouble getting along with your teachers?” and “How much do you agree that teachers care about you?” As adults, participants were asked about their physical and mental health. Researchers also took measures of physical health, such as blood pressure and BMI (体质指数).
Kim found that, as expected, participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and teachers in middle school and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s. However, when he controlled for family background by looking at pairs of brothers and sisters, only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained significant.
The results suggest that teacher relationships are even more important than previously realized and that schools should invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students, according to Kim.
36. According to paragraph 3, we can know that ________.
A. teen relationships with teachers were not studied before.
B. family background is the main factor in improving mental health.
C. teen relationship is not the only factor that affects the lifetime health.
D. relationship problems in adolescence can cause poor health in adulthood.
37. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. How the research was done B. What questions were explored
C. How physical health was measured D. What kind of participants were studied
38. According to Kim’s findings, we can infer that ________.
A. Good adult health depends on teens’ good teachers.
B. More attention should be paid to the students relationships with teachers.
C. The importance of student-teacher relationships was fully realized before.
D. Participants reported better relationships with their teachers and better health as adults.
39. Where does this text probably come from?
A. A. family survey B. A medical report
C. A term paper D. A health magazine
第三部分 书面表达 (共三节，42分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
阅读句子，根据句意选择方框内合适的词组，用其恰当形式填空。
associate with, drop out, a couple of, be to blame, be related to
40. Some types of cancer ___________________ traffic pollution.
41. I’ve read ___________________Graham’s books and seen him on TV.
42. I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I ___________________ online.
43. Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinction. This time, human activity will ___________________.
44. Jason Harley decided to ___________________ of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
第二节（共4小题；第45-47题各2分，第48题6分，共12分）
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
Pranks (恶作剧) are a popular way of making fun of others and getting a laugh. While some experts point out potential negatives, pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships.
Prank Aliens, a best-selling book, tells a story about a boy named Max who is searching for the greatest prank of all time. His author Matt Stanton once said that pranking in the home can build strong relationships between parents and kids.
“Some of the best relationship-building moments I have with my own kids are when I enter into their space,” Stanton said. “An adult joining in their games can be surprising for kids and bring wonderful moments of joy. It’s a great way to demonstrate to our kids that we can laugh at ourselves and still feel loved and safe,” he added.
But playing tricks can come with unintended consequences, said psychiatrist Mark Cross. Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship. However, Cross also added “Pranking can be good when the outcome is laughter for everyone, including the pranked person. It can be a great release of stress. When you laugh, you breathe deeper, which helps ease anxiety.”
So why not try some pranks? Wrapping vegetables and shoes up as presents for kids on their birthdays always gets a great reaction. Putting plastic spiders in guests’ drinks or placing a whoopee cushion on an unsuspecting person’s chair is sure to cause a belly laugh. All these might just be good for you and everyone involved.
45. What are the benefits of pranking? (不多于10个词)
________________________________________________________________
46. What are the best moments for Stanton to build relationship with his children? (不多于7个词)
________________________________________________________________
47. When can pranks anger the target or even ruin a relationship? (不多于10个词)
________________________________________________________________
48. In addition to pranking, what other ways can you use to strengthen relationships with family members? (40词左右)
________________________________________________________________
第三节（20分）
49. 书面表达
假设你是高二(1)班学生李华。英语课上，老师请你们以“My Dream Job”为题，简要介绍自己理想职业。请你按照以下要点准备发言稿：
What job you want to do
Why you want to do the job
What qualities you should have for the job
How you should prepare yourself for the job
注意：1. 发言稿的开头和结尾已为你写好；
2. 词数不少于60。
My Dream Job
Good afternoon, everyone. __________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
丰台区2023-2024学年度第一学期期中练习
高二英语（B卷）
考试时间：90分钟
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Katie Whetsell was interested in musicals and Disney movies from an early age. When her mother, Karen, was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer, the family made a ____1____ to go to Disney World, which had been a long-time dream vacation for Karen. They ____2____ and headed to Disney World for a trip that none of them would ever ____3____. Katie would remember forever the moment that ____4____ her life on that trip. After a long day at the parks, the Whetsells decided to ____5____ one of Disney World’s many nightly light shows. While watching, a performer ____6____ Karen and rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie remembers how ____7____ her mom looked. The whole family was ____8____ and moved to tears.
This was the day when Katie decided she wanted to ____9____ for Disney as a performer. Katie began to follow her dream after she received her ______10______ in musical theater from Otterbein University. Her hard work finally ______11______ when she got a job on Disney Cruise Line (邮轮) in 2009, and later as a ______12______ in Disney on Classic (迪士尼音乐会) in Tokyo.
Katie has a strong message for everyone, ______13______ people who may be experiencing a hard time. “Just like in your favorite Disney movie,” she says, “there is always some kind of ______14______ or pressure. But remember to ______15______ those moments, too, because they are taking you to your happy ending.”
1. A. comment B. summary C. presentation D. decision
2. A. gave in B. settled down C. packed up D. took over
3. A. benefit B. forget C. finish D. dislike
4. A. saved B. balanced C. shortened D. changed
5. A. request B. admire C. introduce D. organize
6. A. approached B. defended C. persuaded D. affected
7. A. respectful B. peaceful C. cheerful D. powerful
8. A. touched B. ashamed C. distracted D. anxious
9. A. care B. search C. work D. stand
10. A. degree B. job C. blessing D. reward
11. A. broke out B. paid off C. showed up D. came around
12. A. director B. writer C. journalist D. performer
13. A. exactly B. actually C. especially D. gradually
14. A. violence B. hardship C. loneliness D. doubt
15. A. celebrate B. recognize C. spend D. select
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Katie Whetsell的母亲Karen被诊断出癌症，于是他们一家决定去Karen期待的迪士尼世界旅行，结果这次旅行改变了Katie的生活，让她决定为迪士尼工作。经过努力，她最终成了迪士尼的表演者，她认为困难的时刻可以被庆祝，因为它们将带你走向幸福的结局。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她的母亲Karen被诊断出患有癌症时，全家决定去迪斯尼世界，这是Karen长期以来的梦想假期。A. comment评论；B. summary摘要；C. presentation报告；D. decision决定。根据下文“They ____2____ and headed to Disney World for a trip”可知，他们去了迪士尼世界旅行，因此此处指决定去迪斯尼世界。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们收拾好行李，前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。A. gave in屈服；B. settled down安顿下来；C. packed up收拾行李；D. took over接管。根据下文“headed to Disney World for a trip”可推知，他们应该是收拾好行李，然后去旅行。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们收拾好行李，前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。A. benefit受益；B. forget忘记；C. finish完成；D. dislike不喜欢。根据下文“Katie would remember forever the moment that ____4____ her life on that trip.”可知，Katie对这次旅行中的某一时刻印象深刻，由此推知，这是一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Katie将永远记住那次旅行中改变她一生的那一刻。A. saved保存；B. balanced平衡；C. shortened缩短；D. changed改变。根据下一段中Katie去读音乐剧专业，去迪士尼工作可推知，这次旅行改变了她的生活，让她做出了重要的决定。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在公园度过了漫长的一天后，Whetsell一家决定欣赏迪士尼世界众多夜间灯光秀中的一场。A. request请求；B. admire欣赏；C. introduce介绍；D. organize组织。根据下文“one of Disney World’s many nightly light shows”可推知，作为游客的他们应该是去欣赏迪士尼的夜间灯光秀。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观看的过程中，一位表演者走近Karen，把手放在她的肩膀上。A. approached接近；B. defended辩护；C. persuaded说服；D. affected影响。根据下文“rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder”可推知，这位表演者应该是先接近Karen，然后把手放在她的肩膀上。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们互相微笑，直到今天，Katie还记得妈妈是多么高兴。A. respectful尊敬的；B. peaceful和平的；C. cheerful高兴的；D. powerful强大的。根据上文“which had been a long-time dream vacation for Karen”和“They exchanged smiles”可知，迪士尼之旅一直是Karen期待的旅行，这位表演者和她互相微笑了，由此推知，她应该会非常高兴。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全家人都感动得流下了眼泪。A. touched感动的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. distracted分心的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据下文“and moved to tears”可知，全家人是感动得流下了眼泪。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那天，Katie决定了，她想去迪士尼工作当表演者。A. care关心；B. search搜索；C. work工作；D. stand忍受。根据下文“when she got a job on Disney Cruise Line (邮轮) in 2009, and later as a _____12_____ in Disney on Classic (迪士尼音乐会) in Tokyo”可知，后来Katie真的在迪士尼里工作了，由此可知，此处指她想去迪士尼工作当表演者。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Katie在奥特拜因大学获得音乐剧学位后开始追寻她的梦想。A. degree学位；B. job工作；C. blessing祝福；D. reward奖励。根据下文“in musical theater from Otterbein University”可推知，Katie应该是在奥特拜因大学获得音乐剧学位。故选A。
【11题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的努力终于得到了回报，2009年，她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作，后来又在东京的迪士尼音乐会中担任表演者。A. broke out爆发；B. paid off得到回报；C. showed up露面；D. came around拜访。根据下文“when she got a job on Disney Cruise Line (邮轮) in 2009, and later as a _____12_____ in Disney on Classic (迪士尼音乐会) in Tokyo”可知，后来Katie真的在迪士尼里工作了，由此可知，此处指她的努力得到了回报。故选B。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的努力终于得到了回报，2009年，她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作，后来又在东京的迪士尼音乐会中担任表演者。A. director导演；B. writer作家；C. journalist新闻记者；D. performer表演者。根据上文“This was the day when Katie decided she wanted to ____9____ for Disney as a performer.”可知，Katie想去迪士尼当表演者，因此此处指她真的成为一名这样的表演者。故选D。
【13题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Katie给每个人一个强烈的信息，尤其是那些可能正在经历困难时期的人。A. exactly确切地；B. actually实际上；C. especially尤其；D. gradually逐渐地。根据上文“everyone”和下文“people who may be experiencing a hard time”可推知，此处想强调Katie的信息尤其针对的是正在经历困难时期的人。故选C。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“就像你最喜欢的迪士尼电影一样，”她说，“总会有一些困难或压力。”A. violence暴力；B. hardship困难；C. loneliness孤独；D. doubt怀疑。根据上文“people who may be experiencing a hard time”可知，Katie想鼓励那些正在经历困难时期的人，因此此处指总有一些困难或压力。故选B。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但也要记住庆祝这些时刻，因为它们会带你走向幸福结局。A. celebrate庆祝；B. recognize认可；C. spend花费；D. select选择。根据下文“because they are taking you to your happy ending”可知，Katie认为这些时刻会带领人们走向幸福的结局，因此她会建议人们记住庆祝这些时刻。故选A。
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Parrots usually live in large groups and they like to eat fruit. They _____16_____ (find) in countries like Brazil, Australia and India. There are different kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, _____17_____ they use for climbing and holding food. The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years. They are _____18_____ (noise), but they are clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. Some zoos have parrot shows, where you can see birds doing things they have learned.
【答案】16. are found
17. which 18. noisy
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种鸟类动物——鹦鹉。
【16题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：它们在巴西、澳大利亚和印度等国被发现。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语They和动词find为被动关系，结合上下文时态以及句意可知，此处应为陈述客观事实，所以为一般现在时的被动语态结构。故填are found。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：鹦鹉有不同的种类，但它们都有强壮的喙和脚，它们用来攀爬和抓食物。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词beaks and feet在从句中作宾语成分。故填which。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它们很吵，但它们是聪明的鸟，教它们说话很容易。根据句意以及空前are系动词可知，此处为形容词noisy“吵闹的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填noisy。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
_____19_____(keep) a learning diary is a possible way to learn independently. Your learning diaries could record your progress — your teacher’s marks, the areas you covered, the points you did not understand, the problems you faced, and the means you used _____20_____(overcome) them. If you keep such a diary, you will undoubtedly become much more aware of your own learning _____21_____(difficulty), and will be more likely to solve them. Besides, you can benefit by writing about your expectations for a course, and reporting on the outcomes of it.
【答案】19. Keeping
20. to overcome
21. difficulties
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了写学习日记的方法和好处。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：写学习日记是独立学习的一种可能方法。分析句子可知，空处和空后的a learning diary搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，此处介绍的是一件已知的经验，因此应用keep的动名词形式，且空处位于句首，keeping的首字母需大写。故填Keeping。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你的学习日记可以记录你的进步——你的老师给出的分数，你涵盖了的领域，你不理解的点，你遇到的问题，以及你用来克服它们的方法。分析句子可知，此处为修饰先行词means的定语从句，先行词在从句中作used的宾语，空处作句子的目的状语，因此应用overcome的不定式形式。故填to overcome。
【21题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：如果你坚持写这样的日记，你无疑会更加意识到自己学习上的困难，并且更有可能解决它们。根据下文的“solve them”可知，them指代这里学习上的困难，因此空处应用difficulty的复数形式。故填difficulties。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Before Mr. Jenkins taught me, science _____22_____ (be) a subject full of strange words to me. I had no idea _____23_____ hydrogen was, and I didn’t really want to know, either! But Mr. Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult _____24_____ lots of practical examples and in simple language. One day, he took us outside, and we _____25_____ (build) a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set it off. It was great fun.
【答案】22. had been
23. what 24. with
25. built
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者通过一次实验，激发了自己对科学的兴趣。
【22题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在詹金斯先生教我之前，科学对我来说是一门充满陌生词汇的学科。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由Before Mr. Jenkins taught me时间状语可知，此处动作应表示过去的过去，为过去完成时。故填had been。
【23题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道氢是什么，我也不想知道！分析句子可知，此处为连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作表语成分，意为“什么东西”。故填what。
【24题详解】
考查介词。句意：他过去常常用许多实际的例子和简单的语言来解释那些看起来很难的事情。根据句意以及空后lots of practical examples为名词短语可知，此处为介词with表示“用，使用”，满足句意要求。故填with。
【25题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：有一天，他带我们出去，我们造了一个火箭！分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由and连接的took为过去时可知，此处动词也应为一般过去时，构成并列结构。故填built。
第二部分 阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Explore your world—Mirthy
Online events to help you discover, learn and connect
Who is Mirthy?
Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45,000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting. It’s all about fulfilment and wellbeing.
There are some online events each month to try, from craft workshops (手工工坊) to fitness sessions. For example, according to our event calendar, this week you can attend gardening classes and singing lessons. So whether you have a desire to get fitter or to pick up a new skill—signing up for classes and events with Mirthy could be just what you have been looking for.
How does it work?
Sign up via the online registration form at Mirthy.com. Then you can take a look through the calendar of upcoming events and see what takes your fancy.
Once you register for an event, you will then receive a link on email ready for you to join the live event. If your plans change and you can’t make it, you will receive a link for a 7-day replay that you can watch at a time that is convenient for you!
Best of all, it’s completely FREE to join!
Join Mirthy for free today, and you can enjoy any 4 events every month, for free! If you’re up for more, then you can either select and book additional events on a pay-as-you-go basis, normally for £2.99 each, or you can upgrade to the Premium membership giving you full free access to all events for only £4.99 per month.
If you choose to go for the Premium membership, there’s no contract. You simply upgrade your membership and you can cancel anytime.
26. Mirthy is intended to_________.
A. improve people’s fitness B. organize sociable events
C. provide craft workshops D. create an online community
27. What can people do at Mirthy this week?
A. Make art crafts. B. Talk about fitness experience.
C. Learn songs. D. Study wild plants and animals.
28. Which of the following is true about Mirthy?
A. People can sign up for the events online.
B. The events can be watched again at any time.
C. People can upgrade their membership for free.
D. No more than 4 events are offered each month.
29. What’s the main purpose of this passage?
A. To share a lifestyle.
B. To recommend a website.
C. To introduce online events.
D. To explain a registration process.
【答案】26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到45000多人的喜爱和信任。文章对这个网站进行了推广和宣传。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据Who is Mirthy? 中“Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45,000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting.(Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到超过45,000人的喜爱和信任。它旨在创造一个包容性的社区，人们可以通过各种活跃、社交和令人振奋的活动来学习、分享和与他人联系。)”可知，Mirthy的目的是创建一个在线社区。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据Who is Mirthy?标题下第二段“For example，according to our event calendar，this week you can attend gardening classes and singing lessons. (例如，根据我们的活动日历，本周你可以参加园艺课和歌唱课。)”可知，本周人们可以在Mirthy学习歌曲。故选C。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据How does it work?标题下第一段“Sign up via the online registration form at Mirthy.com. （通过Mirthy.com的在线注册表注册。）”可知，人们可以在线报名参加Mirthy的活动。故选A。
【29题详解】
目的意图题。根据标题Explore your world — Mirthy （探索你的世界——Mirthy）和第一段“Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45，000 people. （Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到45000多人的喜爱和信任。）”可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一个网站。故选B。
B
The Well that Changed the World
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close—only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometers to get water every day? And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?”
At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbors. He soon reached his first target (目标) of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well.
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile.
Later, Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation (基金会) to encourage more people to help. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan’s foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water.
30. The following statements make Ryan decide to help students in developing African countries, EXCEPT_________.
A. Ryan has troubles understanding the words spoken by teachers.
B. Many students are suffering from sickness caused by dirty water.
C. Ryan thought life shouldn’t be so hard for them while his is easy.
D. Many students have to walk a long way to get clean and safe water.
31. How did Ryan raise money to build a well after finishing his first target?
A. By asking his teacher and friends’ parents for help.
B. By persuading people around him to donate money.
C. By setting up a public foundation to attract support.
D. By doing some work for his family and neighbors.
32. Which of the following words can best describe Ryan?
A. Kind-hearted and determined. B. Humorous and ambitious.
C. Brave and generous. D. Grateful and hardworking.
【答案】30. A 31. B 32. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安如何通过自己的努力和坚持，帮助非洲的孩子们获得干净的饮用水的故事。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close—only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometers to get water every day? And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?”(作为一个六岁的加拿大小学生，瑞安很难相信他的老师说的话：在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水。他的目光掠过教室，望向对面喷泉式的饮水机。它非常近——只有十步之遥。所以，瑞安问自己：“为什么一些非洲的孩子每天要步行十公里去取水？为什么水会那么脏，以至于他们喝了会生病？”小瑞安想：“生活对我来说很容易，但对那些人来说很难。我为什么不帮忙？”)”可知，瑞安想要帮助非洲国家的孩子是因为很多非洲的孩子因为喝了不干净的水而生病，他们要走很远的路才能喝到干净的水以及他认为他们的生活不应该那么艰难，而他的生活却很轻松；选项A. Ryan has troubles understanding the words spoken by teachers.(瑞安不能理解老师说的话)，瑞安不是不能理解老师说的话，而是听到老师说很多非洲孩子喝不到足够的饮用水而感到惊讶，难以置信，所以A选项不正确，不是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因；选项B. Many students are suffering from sickness caused by dirty water.(很多学生因为喝了不干净的水而生病)，所以B选项正确，是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因；选项C. Ryan thought life shouldn’t be so hard for them while his is easy.(瑞安认为他们的生活不应该那么艰难，而他的生活却很轻松)，所以C选项正确，是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因；选项D. Many students have to walk a long way to get clean and safe water.(很多学生不得不步行很远才能得到干净和安全的饮用水)，所以D选项正确，是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因。综上所述，选项A不是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因。故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money.(两千美元是很大一笔钱，但是瑞安没有放弃。他开始向同学和邻居寻求帮助，并说服他们捐款)”可知，瑞安是通过说服周围的人捐款来建造水井。故选B。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?”(小瑞安想：“生活对我来说很容易，但对那些人来说很难。我为什么不帮忙？”)”以及第三段“Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money.(两千美元是很大一笔钱，但是瑞安没有放弃。他开始向同学和邻居寻求帮助，并说服他们捐款)”可知，瑞安是一个心地善良且意志坚定的人。故选A。
C
The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn’t always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle’s “great conservation success story”.
The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. “It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,” he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat. But such threat tended to be overstated. Throughout the early 20th century, thousands of bald eagles were shot down. Things began to change for the bird in 1940, when the government passed its legal protection — the Bald Eagle Protection Act.
However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (杀虫剂), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number — totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U.S. “At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,” Davis said. “That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.” “We stepped up.” He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch “hugely successful” eagle protection projects.
By 2007, the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health, reaching nearly 11,000 nesting pairs nationwide, and today’s number is somewhere around 500,000.
For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.
33. What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time?
A. The illegal hunting. B. The loose control of guns.
C. The attack from other animals. D. The misunderstanding of their threat.
34. What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects?
A. The outbreak of World War II. B. The overuse of DDT nationwide.
C. The disappearance of eagle habitat. D. The worsening of eagles’ living condition.
35. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A. To tell a story of a dying species.
B. To advertise the book of Jack E. Davis.
C. To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.
D. To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles.
【答案】33. D 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了秃鹰面临的两次灭绝，在政府和一些野生动物保护组织的努力下，秃鹰从美国濒临灭绝物种名单中消除。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. ‘It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,’ he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat.(秃鹰曾两次面临灭绝。第一次发生在19世纪后期。“那时，秃鹰一被发生就会遭到射杀，”他说。他解释说，秃鹰被视为一种危险的动物，被认为是一种威胁。)”可知，19世纪末期，秃鹰被猎杀是因为人们认为秃鹰是一种威胁，这让秃鹰几乎灭绝。故选D项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,’ Davis said. ‘That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.’ ‘We stepped up.’ He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch ‘hugely successful’ eagle protection projects.(“当时，全国只有大约三分之一的水域可以安全游泳和钓鱼，”戴维斯说。“那是鹰的栖息地，也是我们的栖息地。”“我们站了出来。” 他提到，这种情况让非营利组织Fish and Wildlife启动了“hugely successful”鹰保护项目。)”可知，老鹰生存条件的恶化促使非营利性组织Fish and Wildlife发起鹰保护项目。故选D项。
35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers. (戴维斯说，对于那些希望帮助白头鹰和其他濒危动物恢复的人来说，几乎每个州都有一个接受捐款、欢迎游客和志愿者的中心。)”可知，每个州都有接受捐赠并欢迎游客和志愿者的中心，这是对人们发起号召，让大家行动起来保护野生动物，再结合本文介绍的秃鹰两次濒临灭绝的情况综合推断可知，这篇文章是为了提升人们保护野生动物的意识。故选C项。
D
Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better health as adults, according to a research.
“This research suggests that improving students’ relationships with teachers could have important, positive and long-lasting effects beyond just academic success,” said Jinho Kim, the author of the study. “It could also bring about important health benefits in the long run.”
Previous research has suggested that teens’ social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood—perhaps because poor relationships can lead to chronic stress which can raise a person’s risk of health problems over the lifespan, according to Kim. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is certainly cause and effect—it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence and poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens relationships with their peers, rather than on their relationships with teachers.
To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study, a national study that followed participants for 13 years, from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participants included more than 3, 400 pairs of brothers and sisters. As teens, participants answered questions, like “How often have you had trouble getting along with other students?” “How much do you agree that friends care about you?” “How often have you had trouble getting along with your teachers?” and “How much do you agree that teachers care about you?” As adults, participants were asked about their physical and mental health. Researchers also took measures of physical health, such as blood pressure and BMI (体质指数).
Kim found that, as expected, participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and teachers in middle school and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s. However, when he controlled for family background by looking at pairs of brothers and sisters, only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained significant.
The results suggest that teacher relationships are even more important than previously realized and that schools should invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students, according to Kim.
36. According to paragraph 3, we can know that ________.
A. teen relationships with teachers were not studied before.
B. family background is the main factor in improving mental health.
C teen relationship is not the only factor that affects the lifetime health.
D. relationship problems in adolescence can cause poor health in adulthood.
37. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. How the research was done B. What questions were explored
C. How physical health was measured D. What kind of participants were studied
38. According to Kim’s findings, we can infer that ________.
A. Good adult health depends on teens’ good teachers.
B. More attention should be paid to the students relationships with teachers.
C. The importance of student-teacher relationships was fully realized before.
D. Participants reported better relationships with their teachers and better health as adults.
39. Where does this text probably come from?
A. A. family survey B. A medical report
C. A term paper D. A health magazine
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. B 39. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍研究表明与老师关系良好，有益于青少年成年时的健康状况。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Previous research has suggested that teens’ social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood—perhaps because poor relationships can lead to chronic stress which can raise a person’s risk of health problems over the lifespan, according to Kim. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is certainly cause and effect—it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence and poor health in adulthood.(此前的研究表明，青少年的社会关系可能与成年后的健康状况有关——据Kim说，这可能是因为不良的人际关系会导致慢性压力，从而增加一个人一生中出现健康问题的风险。然而，目前还不清楚青少年关系和终生健康之间的联系是否一定是因果关系——可能是其他因素，如不同的家庭背景，可能导致青少年时期的关系问题和成年后的健康状况不佳)”可知，青少年关系不是影响一生健康的唯一因素。故选C。
【37题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study that followed participants for 13 years, from seventh grade into early adulthood.(为了进一步探索这些问题，Kim分析了来自于Add Health研究的几乎2万个参与者们的13年跟踪的数据，从他们7年级直到成年早期)”可知，第四段主要描述这项研究是如何实施的。故选A。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The results suggest that teacher relationships are even more important than previously realized and that schools should invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students, according to Kim.(结果表明，跟老师的关系要比以前意识到的更加重要，并且学校应该投入对老师在如何跟学生建立温和支持的关系上的培训)”可知，最后一段表明应该更加关注学生和老师的关系。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better health as adults, according to a research.(一项研究表明，与老师有着良好、支持性关系的青少年成年后更健康)”结合文章主要围绕青少年时期和老师的关系跟他们的成年健康有关系进行讨论。可推知，文章选自健康杂志。故选D。
第三部分 书面表达 (共三节，42分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
阅读句子，根据句意选择方框内合适的词组，用其恰当形式填空。
associate with, drop out, a couple of, be to blame, be related to
40. Some types of cancer ___________________ traffic pollution.
41. I’ve read ___________________Graham’s books and seen him on TV.
42. I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I ___________________ online.
43. Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinction. This time, human activity will ___________________.
44. Jason Harley decided to ___________________ of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
【答案】40. are related to
41. a couple of
42. associate with
43. be to blame
44. drop out
【解析】
【40题详解】
考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意：某些类型的癌症与交通污染有关。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be related to“与……有关”，满足句意要求，结合主语Some types of cancer为复数名词，所以为动词复数形式。故填are related to。
41题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我读过几本格雷厄姆的书，也在电视上看过他。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语a couple of“有几个”，满足句意要求。故填a couple of。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：我有一个永无止境的信息流和更新，从所有我在网上联系的人。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语associate with“和……联系”，满足句意要求，结合句意以及前面动词have可知，此处应为一般现在时。故填associate with。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：许多科学家说，我们正在进入地球的第六次大灭绝。这一次，人类活动将是罪魁祸首。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be to blame“应承担责任”，满足句意要求，结合空前will情态动词可知，为动词原形。故填be to blame。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：杰森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只有一点点钱就能让他自由。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语drop out“放弃”，满足句意要求，结合空前to不定式可知，为动词原形。故填drop out。
第二节（共4小题；第45-47题各2分，第48题6分，共12分）
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
Pranks (恶作剧) are a popular way of making fun of others and getting a laugh. While some experts point out potential negatives, pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships.
Prank Aliens, a best-selling book, tells a story about a boy named Max who is searching for the greatest prank of all time. His author Matt Stanton once said that pranking in the home can build strong relationships between parents and kids.
“Some of the best relationship-building moments I have with my own kids are when I enter into their space,” Stanton said. “An adult joining in their games can be surprising for kids and bring wonderful moments of joy. It’s a great way to demonstrate to our kids that we can laugh at ourselves and still feel loved and safe,” he added.
But playing tricks can come with unintended consequences, said psychiatrist Mark Cross. Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship. However, Cross also added “Pranking can be good when the outcome is laughter for everyone, including the pranked person. It can be a great release of stress. When you laugh, you breathe deeper, which helps ease anxiety.”
So why not try some pranks? Wrapping vegetables and shoes up as presents for kids on their birthdays always gets a great reaction. Putting plastic spiders in guests’ drinks or placing a whoopee cushion on an unsuspecting person’s chair is sure to cause a belly laugh. All these might just be good for you and everyone involved.
45. What are the benefits of pranking? (不多于10个词)
________________________________________________________________
46. What are the best moments for Stanton to build relationship with his children? (不多于7个词)
________________________________________________________________
47. When can pranks anger the target or even ruin a relationship? (不多于10个词)
________________________________________________________________
48. In addition to pranking, what other ways can you use to strengthen relationships with family members? (40词左右)
________________________________________________________________
【答案】45. Decreasing stress, raising a smile, and strengthening relationships.
46. When he enters into their space.
47. When pranks are intended to harm or embarrass.
48. We can use many methods to strengthen the relationship with our family members, such as making an appointment to eat, taking a walk, exercising, traveling, etc. These activities can help understand each other’s ideas and current situation, and eliminate estrangement.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。恶作剧是一种很流行的取笑他人和获得笑声的方式。虽然一些专家指出了潜在的负面影响，但恶作剧也可以减轻压力，提高微笑，加强人际关系。文章论述了恶作剧给人们带来的好处。
【45题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“While some experts point out potential negatives, pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships.(虽然一些专家指出了潜在的负面影响，但恶作剧也可以减轻压力，让人微笑，加强人际关系)”可知，恶作剧也可以减轻压力，让人微笑，加强人际关系。故答案为Decreasing stress, raising a smile, and strengthening relationships.
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中的““Some of the best relationship-building moments I have with my own kids are when I enter into their space,” Stanton said.(“我和孩子们建立关系的最佳时刻是我进入他们的空间，”斯坦顿说)”可知，斯坦顿与孩子建立关系的最佳时刻是当他进入孩子们的空间的时候。故答案为When he enters into their space.
【47题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship.(意图伤害或难堪的恶作剧会激怒目标，甚至破坏关系)”可知，当恶作剧是意图伤害或让人难堪时，恶作剧会激怒目标，甚至破坏关系。故答案为When pranks are intended to harm or embarrass.
【48题详解】
考查开放性试题。积极向上，言之有理即可，注意字数限制。供参考We can use many methods to strengthen the relationship with our family members, such as making an appointment to eat, taking a walk, exercising, traveling, etc. These activities can help understand each other’s ideas and current situation, and eliminate estrangement.
第三节（20分）
49. 书面表达
假设你是高二(1)班学生李华。英语课上，老师请你们以“My Dream Job”为题，简要介绍自己理想的职业。请你按照以下要点准备发言稿：
What job you want to do
Why you want to do the job
What qualities you should have for the job
How you should prepare yourself for the job
注意：1. 发言稿的开头和结尾已为你写好；
2. 词数不少于60。
My Dream Job
Good afternoon, everyone. __________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
【答案】Good afternoon, everyone. When I grow up, I want to be a journalist. I think working for a newspaper and reporting news from all over the world would be really exciting. Journalists have to be very enthusiastic, independent and good at communicating with people. I know there's a long way to go to become a journalist. To get myself up to date with what's happening around the world, I read papers, and watch the news on TV. I am trying to improve my speaking and writing skills. And of course, absorbing as much knowledge as possible at this stage in my life is what I must do. I know dreams are hard to follow, but I will work hard on my dream. Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是高二(1)班学生李华。英语课上，老师请你们以“My Dream Job”为题，简要介绍自己理想的职业。请你按照给出要点准备发言稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
全世界：all over the world→ the whole world
擅长：be good at → be expert in
设法：try to→ manage to
提高：improve→ raise
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Journalists have to be very enthusiastic, independent and good at communicating with people.
拓展句：Journalists have to be very enthusiastic and independent, who are also good at communicating with people.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I think working for a newspaper and reporting news from all over the world would be really exciting.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
丰台区2023-2024学年度第一学期期中练习
高二英语（B卷）
考试时间：90分钟
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Katie Whetsell was interested in musicals and Disney movies from an early age. When her mother, Karen, was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer, the family made a ____1____ to go to Disney World, which had been a long-time dream vacation for Karen. They ____2____ and headed to Disney World for a trip that none of them would ever ____3____. Katie would remember forever the moment that ____4____ her life on that trip. After a long day at the parks, the Whetsells decided to ____5____ one of Disney World’s many nightly light shows. While watching, a performer ____6____ Karen and rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie remembers how ____7____ her mom looked. The whole family was ____8____ and moved to tears.
This was the day when Katie decided she wanted to ____9____ for Disney as a performer. Katie began to follow her dream after she received her ______10______ in musical theater from Otterbein University. Her hard work finally ______11______ when she got a job on Disney Cruise Line (邮轮) in 2009, and later as a ______12______ in Disney on Classic (迪士尼音乐会) in Tokyo.
Katie has a strong message for everyone, ______13______ people who may be experiencing a hard time. “Just like in your favorite Disney movie,” she says, “there is always some kind of ______14______ or pressure. But remember to ______15______ those moments, too, because they are taking you to your happy ending.”
1. A. comment B. summary C. presentation D. decision
2. A. gave in B. settled down C. packed up D. took over
3. A. benefit B. forget C. finish D. dislike
4. A. saved B. balanced C. shortened D. changed
5. A. request B. admire C. introduce D. organize
6. A. approached B. defended C. persuaded D. affected
7. A. respectful B. peaceful C. cheerful D. powerful
8. A. touched B. ashamed C. distracted D. anxious
9. A. care B. search C. work D. stand
10. A. degree B. job C. blessing D. reward
11. A. broke out B. paid off C. showed up D. came around
12. A. director B. writer C. journalist D. performer
13 A. exactly B. actually C. especially D. gradually
14. A. violence B. hardship C. loneliness D. doubt
15. A. celebrate B. recognize C. spend D. select
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Parrots usually live in large groups and they like to eat fruit. They _____16_____ (find) in countries like Brazil, Australia and India. There are different kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, _____17_____ they use for climbing and holding food. The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years. They are _____18_____ (noise), but they are clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. Some zoos have parrot shows, where you can see birds doing things they have learned.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
_____19_____(keep) a learning diary is a possible way to learn independently. Your learning diaries could record your progress — your teacher’s marks, the areas you covered, the points you did not understand, the problems you faced, and the means you used _____20_____(overcome) them. If you keep such a diary, you will undoubtedly become much more aware of your own learning _____21_____(difficulty), and will be more likely to solve them. Besides, you can benefit by writing about your expectations for a course, and reporting on the outcomes of it.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Before Mr. Jenkins taught me, science _____22_____ (be) a subject full of strange words to me. I had no idea _____23_____ hydrogen was, and I didn’t really want to know, either! But Mr. Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult _____24_____ lots of practical examples and in simple language. One day, he took us outside, and we _____25_____ (build) a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set it off. It was great fun.
第二部分 阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Explore your world—Mirthy
Online events to help you discover, learn and connect
Who is Mirthy?
Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45,000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting. It’s all about fulfilment and wellbeing.
There are some online events each month to try, from craft workshops (手工工坊) to fitness sessions. For example, according to our event calendar, this week you can attend gardening classes and singing lessons. So whether you have a desire to get fitter or to pick up a new skill—signing up for classes and events with Mirthy could be just what you have been looking for.
How does it work?
Sign up via the online registration form at Mirthy.com. Then you can take a look through the calendar of upcoming events and see what takes your fancy.
Once you register for an event, you will then receive a link on email ready for you to join the live event. If your plans change and you can’t make it, you will receive a link for a 7-day replay that you can watch at a time that is convenient for you!
Best of all, it’s completely FREE to join!
Join Mirthy for free today, and you can enjoy any 4 events every month, for free! If you’re up for more, then you can either select and book additional events on a pay-as-you-go basis, normally for £2.99 each, or you can upgrade to the Premium membership giving you full free access to all events for only £4.99 per month.
If you choose to go for the Premium membership, there’s no contract. You simply upgrade your membership and you can cancel anytime.
26. Mirthy is intended to_________.
A. improve people’s fitness B. organize sociable events
C. provide craft workshops D. create an online community
27. What can people do at Mirthy this week?
A. Make art crafts. B. Talk about fitness experience.
C. Learn songs. D. Study wild plants and animals.
28. Which of the following is true about Mirthy?
A. People can sign up for the events online.
B. The events can be watched again at any time.
C. People can upgrade their membership for free.
D. No more than 4 events are offered each month.
29. What’s the main purpose of this passage?
A. To share a lifestyle.
B. To recommend a website.
C. To introduce online events.
D. To explain a registration process.
B
The Well that Changed the World
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close—only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometers to get water every day? And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?”
At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbors. He soon reached his first target (目标) of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well.
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile.
Later, Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation (基金会) to encourage more people to help. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan’s foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water.
30. The following statements make Ryan decide to help students in developing African countries, EXCEPT_________.
A. Ryan has troubles understanding the words spoken by teachers.
B. Many students are suffering from sickness caused by dirty water.
C. Ryan thought life shouldn’t be so hard for them while his is easy.
D Many students have to walk a long way to get clean and safe water.
31. How did Ryan raise money to build a well after finishing his first target?
A. By asking his teacher and friends’ parents for help.
B By persuading people around him to donate money.
C. By setting up a public foundation to attract support.
D. By doing some work for his family and neighbors.
32. Which of the following words can best describe Ryan?
A. Kind-hearted and determined. B. Humorous and ambitious.
C. Brave and generous. D. Grateful and hardworking.
C
The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn’t always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle’s “great conservation success story”.
The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. “It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,” he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat. But such threat tended to be overstated. Throughout the early 20th century, thousands of bald eagles were shot down. Things began to change for the bird in 1940, when the government passed its legal protection — the Bald Eagle Protection Act.
However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (杀虫剂), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number — totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U.S. “At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,” Davis said. “That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.” “We stepped up.” He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch “hugely successful” eagle protection projects.
By 2007, the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health, reaching nearly 11,000 nesting pairs nationwide, and today’s number is somewhere around 500,000.
For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.
33. What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time?
A. The illegal hunting. B. The loose control of guns.
C. The attack from other animals. D. The misunderstanding of their threat.
34. What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects?
A. The outbreak of World War II. B. The overuse of DDT nationwide.
C. The disappearance of eagle habitat. D. The worsening of eagles’ living condition.
35. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A. To tell a story of a dying species.
B. To advertise the book of Jack E. Davis.
C. To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.
D. To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles.
D
Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better health as adults, according to a research.
“This research suggests that improving students’ relationships with teachers could have important, positive and long-lasting effects beyond just academic success,” said Jinho Kim, the author of the study. “It could also bring about important health benefits in the long run.”
Previous research has suggested that teens’ social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood—perhaps because poor relationships can lead to chronic stress which can raise a person’s risk of health problems over the lifespan, according to Kim. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is certainly cause and effect—it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence and poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens relationships with their peers, rather than on their relationships with teachers.
To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study, a national study that followed participants for 13 years, from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participants included more than 3, 400 pairs of brothers and sisters. As teens, participants answered questions, like “How often have you had trouble getting along with other students?” “How much do you agree that friends care about you?” “How often have you had trouble getting along with your teachers?” and “How much do you agree that teachers care about you?” As adults, participants were asked about their physical and mental health. Researchers also took measures of physical health, such as blood pressure and BMI (体质指数).
Kim found that, as expected, participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and teachers in middle school and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s. However, when he controlled for family background by looking at pairs of brothers and sisters, only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained significant.
The results suggest that teacher relationships are even more important than previously realized and that schools should invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students, according to Kim.
36. According to paragraph 3, we can know that ________.
A. teen relationships with teachers were not studied before.
B. family background is the main factor in improving mental health.
C. teen relationship is not the only factor that affects the lifetime health.
D. relationship problems in adolescence can cause poor health in adulthood.
37. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. How the research was done B. What questions were explored
C. How physical health was measured D. What kind of participants were studied
38. According to Kim’s findings, we can infer that ________.
A. Good adult health depends on teens’ good teachers.
B. More attention should be paid to the students relationships with teachers.
C. The importance of student-teacher relationships was fully realized before.
D. Participants reported better relationships with their teachers and better health as adults.
39. Where does this text probably come from?
A. A. family survey B. A medical report
C. A term paper D. A health magazine
第三部分 书面表达 (共三节，42分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
阅读句子，根据句意选择方框内合适的词组，用其恰当形式填空。
associate with, drop out, a couple of, be to blame, be related to
40. Some types of cancer ___________________ traffic pollution.
41. I’ve read ___________________Graham’s books and seen him on TV.
42. I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I ___________________ online.
43. Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinction. This time, human activity will ___________________.
44. Jason Harley decided to ___________________ of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
第二节（共4小题；第45-47题各2分，第48题6分，共12分）
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
Pranks (恶作剧) are a popular way of making fun of others and getting a laugh. While some experts point out potential negatives, pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships.
Prank Aliens, a best-selling book, tells a story about a boy named Max who is searching for the greatest prank of all time. His author Matt Stanton once said that pranking in the home can build strong relationships between parents and kids.
“Some of the best relationship-building moments I have with my own kids are when I enter into their space,” Stanton said. “An adult joining in their games can be surprising for kids and bring wonderful moments of joy. It’s a great way to demonstrate to our kids that we can laugh at ourselves and still feel loved and safe,” he added.
But playing tricks can come with unintended consequences, said psychiatrist Mark Cross. Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship. However, Cross also added “Pranking can be good when the outcome is laughter for everyone, including the pranked person. It can be a great release of stress. When you laugh, you breathe deeper, which helps ease anxiety.”
So why not try some pranks? Wrapping vegetables and shoes up as presents for kids on their birthdays always gets a great reaction. Putting plastic spiders in guests’ drinks or placing a whoopee cushion on an unsuspecting person’s chair is sure to cause a belly laugh. All these might just be good for you and everyone involved.
45. What are the benefits of pranking? (不多于10个词)
________________________________________________________________
46. What are the best moments for Stanton to build relationship with his children? (不多于7个词)
________________________________________________________________
47. When can pranks anger the target or even ruin a relationship? (不多于10个词)
________________________________________________________________
48. In addition to pranking, what other ways can you use to strengthen relationships with family members? (40词左右)
________________________________________________________________
第三节（20分）
49. 书面表达
假设你是高二(1)班学生李华。英语课上，老师请你们以“My Dream Job”为题，简要介绍自己理想职业。请你按照以下要点准备发言稿：
What job you want to do
Why you want to do the job
What qualities you should have for the job
How you should prepare yourself for the job
注意：1. 发言稿的开头和结尾已为你写好；
2. 词数不少于60。
My Dream Job
Good afternoon, everyone. __________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
丰台区2023-2024学年度第一学期期中练习
高二英语（B卷）
考试时间：90分钟
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Katie Whetsell was interested in musicals and Disney movies from an early age. When her mother, Karen, was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer, the family made a ____1____ to go to Disney World, which had been a long-time dream vacation for Karen. They ____2____ and headed to Disney World for a trip that none of them would ever ____3____. Katie would remember forever the moment that ____4____ her life on that trip. After a long day at the parks, the Whetsells decided to ____5____ one of Disney World’s many nightly light shows. While watching, a performer ____6____ Karen and rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder. They exchanged smiles and, to this day, Katie remembers how ____7____ her mom looked. The whole family was ____8____ and moved to tears.
This was the day when Katie decided she wanted to ____9____ for Disney as a performer. Katie began to follow her dream after she received her ______10______ in musical theater from Otterbein University. Her hard work finally ______11______ when she got a job on Disney Cruise Line (邮轮) in 2009, and later as a ______12______ in Disney on Classic (迪士尼音乐会) in Tokyo.
Katie has a strong message for everyone, ______13______ people who may be experiencing a hard time. “Just like in your favorite Disney movie,” she says, “there is always some kind of ______14______ or pressure. But remember to ______15______ those moments, too, because they are taking you to your happy ending.”
1. A. comment B. summary C. presentation D. decision
2. A. gave in B. settled down C. packed up D. took over
3. A. benefit B. forget C. finish D. dislike
4. A. saved B. balanced C. shortened D. changed
5. A. request B. admire C. introduce D. organize
6. A. approached B. defended C. persuaded D. affected
7. A. respectful B. peaceful C. cheerful D. powerful
8. A. touched B. ashamed C. distracted D. anxious
9. A. care B. search C. work D. stand
10. A. degree B. job C. blessing D. reward
11. A. broke out B. paid off C. showed up D. came around
12. A. director B. writer C. journalist D. performer
13. A. exactly B. actually C. especially D. gradually
14. A. violence B. hardship C. loneliness D. doubt
15. A. celebrate B. recognize C. spend D. select
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Katie Whetsell的母亲Karen被诊断出癌症，于是他们一家决定去Karen期待的迪士尼世界旅行，结果这次旅行改变了Katie的生活，让她决定为迪士尼工作。经过努力，她最终成了迪士尼的表演者，她认为困难的时刻可以被庆祝，因为它们将带你走向幸福的结局。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她的母亲Karen被诊断出患有癌症时，全家决定去迪斯尼世界，这是Karen长期以来的梦想假期。A. comment评论；B. summary摘要；C. presentation报告；D. decision决定。根据下文“They ____2____ and headed to Disney World for a trip”可知，他们去了迪士尼世界旅行，因此此处指决定去迪斯尼世界。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们收拾好行李，前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。A. gave in屈服；B. settled down安顿下来；C. packed up收拾行李；D. took over接管。根据下文“headed to Disney World for a trip”可推知，他们应该是收拾好行李，然后去旅行。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们收拾好行李，前往迪士尼世界进行了一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。A. benefit受益；B. forget忘记；C. finish完成；D. dislike不喜欢。根据下文“Katie would remember forever the moment that ____4____ her life on that trip.”可知，Katie对这次旅行中的某一时刻印象深刻，由此推知，这是一次他们都不会忘记的旅行。故选B。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Katie将永远记住那次旅行中改变她一生的那一刻。A. saved保存；B. balanced平衡；C. shortened缩短；D. changed改变。根据下一段中Katie去读音乐剧专业，去迪士尼工作可推知，这次旅行改变了她的生活，让她做出了重要的决定。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在公园度过了漫长的一天后，Whetsell一家决定欣赏迪士尼世界众多夜间灯光秀中的一场。A. request请求；B. admire欣赏；C. introduce介绍；D. organize组织。根据下文“one of Disney World’s many nightly light shows”可推知，作为游客的他们应该是去欣赏迪士尼的夜间灯光秀。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观看的过程中，一位表演者走近Karen，把手放在她的肩膀上。A. approached接近；B. defended辩护；C. persuaded说服；D. affected影响。根据下文“rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder”可推知，这位表演者应该是先接近Karen，然后把手放在她的肩膀上。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们互相微笑，直到今天，Katie还记得妈妈是多么高兴。A. respectful尊敬的；B. peaceful和平的；C. cheerful高兴的；D. powerful强大的。根据上文“which had been a long-time dream vacation for Karen”和“They exchanged smiles”可知，迪士尼之旅一直是Karen期待的旅行，这位表演者和她互相微笑了，由此推知，她应该会非常高兴。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全家人都感动得流下了眼泪。A. touched感动的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. distracted分心的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据下文“and moved to tears”可知，全家人是感动得流下了眼泪。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那天，Katie决定了，她想去迪士尼工作当表演者。A. care关心；B. search搜索；C. work工作；D. stand忍受。根据下文“when she got a job on Disney Cruise Line (邮轮) in 2009, and later as a _____12_____ in Disney on Classic (迪士尼音乐会) in Tokyo”可知，后来Katie真的在迪士尼里工作了，由此可知，此处指她想去迪士尼工作当表演者。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Katie在奥特拜因大学获得音乐剧学位后开始追寻她的梦想。A. degree学位；B. job工作；C. blessing祝福；D. reward奖励。根据下文“in musical theater from Otterbein University”可推知，Katie应该是在奥特拜因大学获得音乐剧学位。故选A。
【11题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的努力终于得到了回报，2009年，她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作，后来又在东京的迪士尼音乐会中担任表演者。A. broke out爆发；B. paid off得到回报；C. showed up露面；D. came around拜访。根据下文“when she got a job on Disney Cruise Line (邮轮) in 2009, and later as a _____12_____ in Disney on Classic (迪士尼音乐会) in Tokyo”可知，后来Katie真的在迪士尼里工作了，由此可知，此处指她的努力得到了回报。故选B。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的努力终于得到了回报，2009年，她在迪士尼邮轮公司找到了一份工作，后来又在东京的迪士尼音乐会中担任表演者。A. director导演；B. writer作家；C. journalist新闻记者；D. performer表演者。根据上文“This was the day when Katie decided she wanted to ____9____ for Disney as a performer.”可知，Katie想去迪士尼当表演者，因此此处指她真的成为一名这样的表演者。故选D。
【13题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Katie给每个人一个强烈的信息，尤其是那些可能正在经历困难时期的人。A. exactly确切地；B. actually实际上；C. especially尤其；D. gradually逐渐地。根据上文“everyone”和下文“people who may be experiencing a hard time”可推知，此处想强调Katie的信息尤其针对的是正在经历困难时期的人。故选C。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“就像你最喜欢的迪士尼电影一样，”她说，“总会有一些困难或压力。”A. violence暴力；B. hardship困难；C. loneliness孤独；D. doubt怀疑。根据上文“people who may be experiencing a hard time”可知，Katie想鼓励那些正在经历困难时期的人，因此此处指总有一些困难或压力。故选B。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但也要记住庆祝这些时刻，因为它们会带你走向幸福结局。A. celebrate庆祝；B. recognize认可；C. spend花费；D. select选择。根据下文“because they are taking you to your happy ending”可知，Katie认为这些时刻会带领人们走向幸福的结局，因此她会建议人们记住庆祝这些时刻。故选A。
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Parrots usually live in large groups and they like to eat fruit. They _____16_____ (find) in countries like Brazil, Australia and India. There are different kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, _____17_____ they use for climbing and holding food. The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years. They are _____18_____ (noise), but they are clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. Some zoos have parrot shows, where you can see birds doing things they have learned.
【答案】16. are found
17. which 18. noisy
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种鸟类动物——鹦鹉。
【16题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：它们在巴西、澳大利亚和印度等国被发现。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语They和动词find为被动关系，结合上下文时态以及句意可知，此处应为陈述客观事实，所以为一般现在时的被动语态结构。故填are found。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：鹦鹉有不同的种类，但它们都有强壮的喙和脚，它们用来攀爬和抓食物。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词beaks and feet在从句中作宾语成分。故填which。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它们很吵，但它们是聪明的鸟，教它们说话很容易。根据句意以及空前are系动词可知，此处为形容词noisy“吵闹的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填noisy。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
_____19_____(keep) a learning diary is a possible way to learn independently. Your learning diaries could record your progress — your teacher’s marks, the areas you covered, the points you did not understand, the problems you faced, and the means you used _____20_____(overcome) them. If you keep such a diary, you will undoubtedly become much more aware of your own learning _____21_____(difficulty), and will be more likely to solve them. Besides, you can benefit by writing about your expectations for a course, and reporting on the outcomes of it.
【答案】19. Keeping
20. to overcome
21. difficulties
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了写学习日记的方法和好处。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：写学习日记是独立学习的一种可能方法。分析句子可知，空处和空后的a learning diary搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，此处介绍的是一件已知的经验，因此应用keep的动名词形式，且空处位于句首，keeping的首字母需大写。故填Keeping。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你的学习日记可以记录你的进步——你的老师给出的分数，你涵盖了的领域，你不理解的点，你遇到的问题，以及你用来克服它们的方法。分析句子可知，此处为修饰先行词means的定语从句，先行词在从句中作used的宾语，空处作句子的目的状语，因此应用overcome的不定式形式。故填to overcome。
【21题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：如果你坚持写这样的日记，你无疑会更加意识到自己学习上的困难，并且更有可能解决它们。根据下文的“solve them”可知，them指代这里学习上的困难，因此空处应用difficulty的复数形式。故填difficulties。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Before Mr. Jenkins taught me, science _____22_____ (be) a subject full of strange words to me. I had no idea _____23_____ hydrogen was, and I didn’t really want to know, either! But Mr. Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult _____24_____ lots of practical examples and in simple language. One day, he took us outside, and we _____25_____ (build) a rocket! I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set it off. It was great fun.
【答案】22. had been
23. what 24. with
25. built
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者通过一次实验，激发了自己对科学的兴趣。
【22题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在詹金斯先生教我之前，科学对我来说是一门充满陌生词汇的学科。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由Before Mr. Jenkins taught me时间状语可知，此处动作应表示过去的过去，为过去完成时。故填had been。
【23题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道氢是什么，我也不想知道！分析句子可知，此处为连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作表语成分，意为“什么东西”。故填what。
【24题详解】
考查介词。句意：他过去常常用许多实际的例子和简单的语言来解释那些看起来很难的事情。根据句意以及空后lots of practical examples为名词短语可知，此处为介词with表示“用，使用”，满足句意要求。故填with。
【25题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：有一天，他带我们出去，我们造了一个火箭！分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由and连接的took为过去时可知，此处动词也应为一般过去时，构成并列结构。故填built。
第二部分 阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Explore your world—Mirthy
Online events to help you discover, learn and connect
Who is Mirthy?
Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45,000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting. It’s all about fulfilment and wellbeing.
There are some online events each month to try, from craft workshops (手工工坊) to fitness sessions. For example, according to our event calendar, this week you can attend gardening classes and singing lessons. So whether you have a desire to get fitter or to pick up a new skill—signing up for classes and events with Mirthy could be just what you have been looking for.
How does it work?
Sign up via the online registration form at Mirthy.com. Then you can take a look through the calendar of upcoming events and see what takes your fancy.
Once you register for an event, you will then receive a link on email ready for you to join the live event. If your plans change and you can’t make it, you will receive a link for a 7-day replay that you can watch at a time that is convenient for you!
Best of all, it’s completely FREE to join!
Join Mirthy for free today, and you can enjoy any 4 events every month, for free! If you’re up for more, then you can either select and book additional events on a pay-as-you-go basis, normally for £2.99 each, or you can upgrade to the Premium membership giving you full free access to all events for only £4.99 per month.
If you choose to go for the Premium membership, there’s no contract. You simply upgrade your membership and you can cancel anytime.
26. Mirthy is intended to_________.
A. improve people’s fitness B. organize sociable events
C. provide craft workshops D. create an online community
27. What can people do at Mirthy this week?
A. Make art crafts. B. Talk about fitness experience.
C. Learn songs. D. Study wild plants and animals.
28. Which of the following is true about Mirthy?
A. People can sign up for the events online.
B. The events can be watched again at any time.
C. People can upgrade their membership for free.
D. No more than 4 events are offered each month.
29. What’s the main purpose of this passage?
A. To share a lifestyle.
B. To recommend a website.
C. To introduce online events.
D. To explain a registration process.
【答案】26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到45000多人的喜爱和信任。文章对这个网站进行了推广和宣传。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据Who is Mirthy? 中“Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45,000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn, share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and uplifting.(Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到超过45,000人的喜爱和信任。它旨在创造一个包容性的社区，人们可以通过各种活跃、社交和令人振奋的活动来学习、分享和与他人联系。)”可知，Mirthy的目的是创建一个在线社区。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据Who is Mirthy?标题下第二段“For example，according to our event calendar，this week you can attend gardening classes and singing lessons. (例如，根据我们的活动日历，本周你可以参加园艺课和歌唱课。)”可知，本周人们可以在Mirthy学习歌曲。故选C。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据How does it work?标题下第一段“Sign up via the online registration form at Mirthy.com. （通过Mirthy.com的在线注册表注册。）”可知，人们可以在线报名参加Mirthy的活动。故选A。
【29题详解】
目的意图题。根据标题Explore your world — Mirthy （探索你的世界——Mirthy）和第一段“Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted by more than 45，000 people. （Mirthy是最受欢迎的在线活动网站之一，已经受到45000多人的喜爱和信任。）”可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一个网站。故选B。
B
The Well that Changed the World
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close—only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometers to get water every day? And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?”
At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbors. He soon reached his first target (目标) of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well.
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile.
Later, Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation (基金会) to encourage more people to help. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan’s foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on. Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water.
30. The following statements make Ryan decide to help students in developing African countries, EXCEPT_________.
A. Ryan has troubles understanding the words spoken by teachers.
B. Many students are suffering from sickness caused by dirty water.
C. Ryan thought life shouldn’t be so hard for them while his is easy.
D. Many students have to walk a long way to get clean and safe water.
31. How did Ryan raise money to build a well after finishing his first target?
A. By asking his teacher and friends’ parents for help.
B. By persuading people around him to donate money.
C. By setting up a public foundation to attract support.
D. By doing some work for his family and neighbors.
32. Which of the following words can best describe Ryan?
A. Kind-hearted and determined. B. Humorous and ambitious.
C. Brave and generous. D. Grateful and hardworking.
【答案】30. A 31. B 32. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安如何通过自己的努力和坚持，帮助非洲的孩子们获得干净的饮用水的故事。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close—only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometers to get water every day? And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?”(作为一个六岁的加拿大小学生，瑞安很难相信他的老师说的话：在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水。他的目光掠过教室，望向对面喷泉式的饮水机。它非常近——只有十步之遥。所以，瑞安问自己：“为什么一些非洲的孩子每天要步行十公里去取水？为什么水会那么脏，以至于他们喝了会生病？”小瑞安想：“生活对我来说很容易，但对那些人来说很难。我为什么不帮忙？”)”可知，瑞安想要帮助非洲国家的孩子是因为很多非洲的孩子因为喝了不干净的水而生病，他们要走很远的路才能喝到干净的水以及他认为他们的生活不应该那么艰难，而他的生活却很轻松；选项A. Ryan has troubles understanding the words spoken by teachers.(瑞安不能理解老师说的话)，瑞安不是不能理解老师说的话，而是听到老师说很多非洲孩子喝不到足够的饮用水而感到惊讶，难以置信，所以A选项不正确，不是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因；选项B. Many students are suffering from sickness caused by dirty water.(很多学生因为喝了不干净的水而生病)，所以B选项正确，是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因；选项C. Ryan thought life shouldn’t be so hard for them while his is easy.(瑞安认为他们的生活不应该那么艰难，而他的生活却很轻松)，所以C选项正确，是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因；选项D. Many students have to walk a long way to get clean and safe water.(很多学生不得不步行很远才能得到干净和安全的饮用水)，所以D选项正确，是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因。综上所述，选项A不是瑞安想要帮助非洲国家孩子的原因。故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money.(两千美元是很大一笔钱，但是瑞安没有放弃。他开始向同学和邻居寻求帮助，并说服他们捐款)”可知，瑞安是通过说服周围的人捐款来建造水井。故选B。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?”(小瑞安想：“生活对我来说很容易，但对那些人来说很难。我为什么不帮忙？”)”以及第三段“Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbors and persuaded them to donate money.(两千美元是很大一笔钱，但是瑞安没有放弃。他开始向同学和邻居寻求帮助，并说服他们捐款)”可知，瑞安是一个心地善良且意志坚定的人。故选A。
C
The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn’t always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle’s “great conservation success story”.
The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. “It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,” he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat. But such threat tended to be overstated. Throughout the early 20th century, thousands of bald eagles were shot down. Things began to change for the bird in 1940, when the government passed its legal protection — the Bald Eagle Protection Act.
However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (杀虫剂), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number — totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U.S. “At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,” Davis said. “That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.” “We stepped up.” He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch “hugely successful” eagle protection projects.
By 2007, the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health, reaching nearly 11,000 nesting pairs nationwide, and today’s number is somewhere around 500,000.
For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers.
33. What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time?
A. The illegal hunting. B. The loose control of guns.
C. The attack from other animals. D. The misunderstanding of their threat.
34. What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects?
A. The outbreak of World War II. B. The overuse of DDT nationwide.
C. The disappearance of eagle habitat. D. The worsening of eagles’ living condition.
35. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A. To tell a story of a dying species.
B. To advertise the book of Jack E. Davis.
C. To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife.
D. To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles.
【答案】33. D 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了秃鹰面临的两次灭绝，在政府和一些野生动物保护组织的努力下，秃鹰从美国濒临灭绝物种名单中消除。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. ‘It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,’ he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat.(秃鹰曾两次面临灭绝。第一次发生在19世纪后期。“那时，秃鹰一被发生就会遭到射杀，”他说。他解释说，秃鹰被视为一种危险的动物，被认为是一种威胁。)”可知，19世纪末期，秃鹰被猎杀是因为人们认为秃鹰是一种威胁，这让秃鹰几乎灭绝。故选D项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,’ Davis said. ‘That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.’ ‘We stepped up.’ He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch ‘hugely successful’ eagle protection projects.(“当时，全国只有大约三分之一的水域可以安全游泳和钓鱼，”戴维斯说。“那是鹰的栖息地，也是我们的栖息地。”“我们站了出来。” 他提到，这种情况让非营利组织Fish and Wildlife启动了“hugely successful”鹰保护项目。)”可知，老鹰生存条件的恶化促使非营利性组织Fish and Wildlife发起鹰保护项目。故选D项。
35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers. (戴维斯说，对于那些希望帮助白头鹰和其他濒危动物恢复的人来说，几乎每个州都有一个接受捐款、欢迎游客和志愿者的中心。)”可知，每个州都有接受捐赠并欢迎游客和志愿者的中心，这是对人们发起号召，让大家行动起来保护野生动物，再结合本文介绍的秃鹰两次濒临灭绝的情况综合推断可知，这篇文章是为了提升人们保护野生动物的意识。故选C项。
D
Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better health as adults, according to a research.
“This research suggests that improving students’ relationships with teachers could have important, positive and long-lasting effects beyond just academic success,” said Jinho Kim, the author of the study. “It could also bring about important health benefits in the long run.”
Previous research has suggested that teens’ social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood—perhaps because poor relationships can lead to chronic stress which can raise a person’s risk of health problems over the lifespan, according to Kim. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is certainly cause and effect—it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence and poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens relationships with their peers, rather than on their relationships with teachers.
To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study, a national study that followed participants for 13 years, from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participants included more than 3, 400 pairs of brothers and sisters. As teens, participants answered questions, like “How often have you had trouble getting along with other students?” “How much do you agree that friends care about you?” “How often have you had trouble getting along with your teachers?” and “How much do you agree that teachers care about you?” As adults, participants were asked about their physical and mental health. Researchers also took measures of physical health, such as blood pressure and BMI (体质指数).
Kim found that, as expected, participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and teachers in middle school and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s. However, when he controlled for family background by looking at pairs of brothers and sisters, only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained significant.
The results suggest that teacher relationships are even more important than previously realized and that schools should invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students, according to Kim.
36. According to paragraph 3, we can know that ________.
A. teen relationships with teachers were not studied before.
B. family background is the main factor in improving mental health.
C teen relationship is not the only factor that affects the lifetime health.
D. relationship problems in adolescence can cause poor health in adulthood.
37. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. How the research was done B. What questions were explored
C. How physical health was measured D. What kind of participants were studied
38. According to Kim’s findings, we can infer that ________.
A. Good adult health depends on teens’ good teachers.
B. More attention should be paid to the students relationships with teachers.
C. The importance of student-teacher relationships was fully realized before.
D. Participants reported better relationships with their teachers and better health as adults.
39. Where does this text probably come from?
A. A. family survey B. A medical report
C. A term paper D. A health magazine
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. B 39. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍研究表明与老师关系良好，有益于青少年成年时的健康状况。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Previous research has suggested that teens’ social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood—perhaps because poor relationships can lead to chronic stress which can raise a person’s risk of health problems over the lifespan, according to Kim. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is certainly cause and effect—it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence and poor health in adulthood.(此前的研究表明，青少年的社会关系可能与成年后的健康状况有关——据Kim说，这可能是因为不良的人际关系会导致慢性压力，从而增加一个人一生中出现健康问题的风险。然而，目前还不清楚青少年关系和终生健康之间的联系是否一定是因果关系——可能是其他因素，如不同的家庭背景，可能导致青少年时期的关系问题和成年后的健康状况不佳)”可知，青少年关系不是影响一生健康的唯一因素。故选C。
【37题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study that followed participants for 13 years, from seventh grade into early adulthood.(为了进一步探索这些问题，Kim分析了来自于Add Health研究的几乎2万个参与者们的13年跟踪的数据，从他们7年级直到成年早期)”可知，第四段主要描述这项研究是如何实施的。故选A。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The results suggest that teacher relationships are even more important than previously realized and that schools should invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students, according to Kim.(结果表明，跟老师的关系要比以前意识到的更加重要，并且学校应该投入对老师在如何跟学生建立温和支持的关系上的培训)”可知，最后一段表明应该更加关注学生和老师的关系。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better health as adults, according to a research.(一项研究表明，与老师有着良好、支持性关系的青少年成年后更健康)”结合文章主要围绕青少年时期和老师的关系跟他们的成年健康有关系进行讨论。可推知，文章选自健康杂志。故选D。
第三部分 书面表达 (共三节，42分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
阅读句子，根据句意选择方框内合适的词组，用其恰当形式填空。
associate with, drop out, a couple of, be to blame, be related to
40. Some types of cancer ___________________ traffic pollution.
41. I’ve read ___________________Graham’s books and seen him on TV.
42. I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I ___________________ online.
43. Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinction. This time, human activity will ___________________.
44. Jason Harley decided to ___________________ of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
【答案】40. are related to
41. a couple of
42. associate with
43. be to blame
44. drop out
【解析】
【40题详解】
考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意：某些类型的癌症与交通污染有关。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be related to“与……有关”，满足句意要求，结合主语Some types of cancer为复数名词，所以为动词复数形式。故填are related to。
41题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：我读过几本格雷厄姆的书，也在电视上看过他。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语a couple of“有几个”，满足句意要求。故填a couple of。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：我有一个永无止境的信息流和更新，从所有我在网上联系的人。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语associate with“和……联系”，满足句意要求，结合句意以及前面动词have可知，此处应为一般现在时。故填associate with。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：许多科学家说，我们正在进入地球的第六次大灭绝。这一次，人类活动将是罪魁祸首。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语be to blame“应承担责任”，满足句意要求，结合空前will情态动词可知，为动词原形。故填be to blame。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：杰森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只有一点点钱就能让他自由。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语drop out“放弃”，满足句意要求，结合空前to不定式可知，为动词原形。故填drop out。
第二节（共4小题；第45-47题各2分，第48题6分，共12分）
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
Pranks (恶作剧) are a popular way of making fun of others and getting a laugh. While some experts point out potential negatives, pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships.
Prank Aliens, a best-selling book, tells a story about a boy named Max who is searching for the greatest prank of all time. His author Matt Stanton once said that pranking in the home can build strong relationships between parents and kids.
“Some of the best relationship-building moments I have with my own kids are when I enter into their space,” Stanton said. “An adult joining in their games can be surprising for kids and bring wonderful moments of joy. It’s a great way to demonstrate to our kids that we can laugh at ourselves and still feel loved and safe,” he added.
But playing tricks can come with unintended consequences, said psychiatrist Mark Cross. Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship. However, Cross also added “Pranking can be good when the outcome is laughter for everyone, including the pranked person. It can be a great release of stress. When you laugh, you breathe deeper, which helps ease anxiety.”
So why not try some pranks? Wrapping vegetables and shoes up as presents for kids on their birthdays always gets a great reaction. Putting plastic spiders in guests’ drinks or placing a whoopee cushion on an unsuspecting person’s chair is sure to cause a belly laugh. All these might just be good for you and everyone involved.
45. What are the benefits of pranking? (不多于10个词)
________________________________________________________________
46. What are the best moments for Stanton to build relationship with his children? (不多于7个词)
________________________________________________________________
47. When can pranks anger the target or even ruin a relationship? (不多于10个词)
________________________________________________________________
48. In addition to pranking, what other ways can you use to strengthen relationships with family members? (40词左右)
________________________________________________________________
【答案】45. Decreasing stress, raising a smile, and strengthening relationships.
46. When he enters into their space.
47. When pranks are intended to harm or embarrass.
48. We can use many methods to strengthen the relationship with our family members, such as making an appointment to eat, taking a walk, exercising, traveling, etc. These activities can help understand each other’s ideas and current situation, and eliminate estrangement.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。恶作剧是一种很流行的取笑他人和获得笑声的方式。虽然一些专家指出了潜在的负面影响，但恶作剧也可以减轻压力，提高微笑，加强人际关系。文章论述了恶作剧给人们带来的好处。
【45题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“While some experts point out potential negatives, pranking can also decrease stress, raise a smile, and strengthen relationships.(虽然一些专家指出了潜在的负面影响，但恶作剧也可以减轻压力，让人微笑，加强人际关系)”可知，恶作剧也可以减轻压力，让人微笑，加强人际关系。故答案为Decreasing stress, raising a smile, and strengthening relationships.
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中的““Some of the best relationship-building moments I have with my own kids are when I enter into their space,” Stanton said.(“我和孩子们建立关系的最佳时刻是我进入他们的空间，”斯坦顿说)”可知，斯坦顿与孩子建立关系的最佳时刻是当他进入孩子们的空间的时候。故答案为When he enters into their space.
【47题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Pranks that are intended to harm or embarrass can anger the target and even ruin a relationship.(意图伤害或难堪的恶作剧会激怒目标，甚至破坏关系)”可知，当恶作剧是意图伤害或让人难堪时，恶作剧会激怒目标，甚至破坏关系。故答案为When pranks are intended to harm or embarrass.
【48题详解】
考查开放性试题。积极向上，言之有理即可，注意字数限制。供参考We can use many methods to strengthen the relationship with our family members, such as making an appointment to eat, taking a walk, exercising, traveling, etc. These activities can help understand each other’s ideas and current situation, and eliminate estrangement.
第三节（20分）
49. 书面表达
假设你是高二(1)班学生李华。英语课上，老师请你们以“My Dream Job”为题，简要介绍自己理想的职业。请你按照以下要点准备发言稿：
What job you want to do
Why you want to do the job
What qualities you should have for the job
How you should prepare yourself for the job
注意：1. 发言稿的开头和结尾已为你写好；
2. 词数不少于60。
My Dream Job
Good afternoon, everyone. __________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
【答案】Good afternoon, everyone. When I grow up, I want to be a journalist. I think working for a newspaper and reporting news from all over the world would be really exciting. Journalists have to be very enthusiastic, independent and good at communicating with people. I know there's a long way to go to become a journalist. To get myself up to date with what's happening around the world, I read papers, and watch the news on TV. I am trying to improve my speaking and writing skills. And of course, absorbing as much knowledge as possible at this stage in my life is what I must do. I know dreams are hard to follow, but I will work hard on my dream. Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是高二(1)班学生李华。英语课上，老师请你们以“My Dream Job”为题，简要介绍自己理想的职业。请你按照给出要点准备发言稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
全世界：all over the world→ the whole world
擅长：be good at → be expert in
设法：try to→ manage to
提高：improve→ raise
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Journalists have to be very enthusiastic, independent and good at communicating with people.
拓展句：Journalists have to be very enthusiastic and independent, who are also good at communicating with people.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I think working for a newspaper and reporting news from all over the world would be really exciting.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
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