2022-2023学年广东省佛山市第一中学高二下学期第一次教学质量检测英语试题含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省佛山市第一中学高二下学期第一次教学质量检测英语试题含答案，共15页。

 佛山一中2022-2023学年第二学期高二级第一次教学质量检测试题
英语
(满分150分, 考试时间120分钟)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节听力理解(共6小题, 每小题2分，满分12分)
材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有两个小题, 各段播放前有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题的问题, 在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

1.
A. To give a suggestion.
B. To make a complaint.
C. To ask for information.
2.
A. On Tuesdays.
B. On Wednesdays.
C. On Fridays.
3.
A. They mess up the street.
B. They affect rubbish collections.
C. They are threatened by rubbish.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning you’re through to Hereford Council.
M: Oh, hello there. I’ m phoning about the rubbish collections. Why hasn’t the rubbish been collected in Chester Road again this week?
W: When is your rubbish normally collected?
M: Well, who knows? I thought it was supposed to be on Fridays, but it seems to be a different day every week. Some weeks they don’t even collect it.
W: Mm, let me check ... The collection in Chester Road is supposed to be on Tuesdays, but a new company has taken over the collection. It’s taking a while to get the operation running smoothly.
M: Well, if the rubbish isn’t collected, the streets look terrible. Birds fly down and look for food in the bags. They pull the rubbish all over the street. I have to go outside, sweep up the rubbish and put it in a new bag.
W: The street cleaner comes to Chester Road on Wednesdays.
M: Well, that’s another thing ...
Questions:
1. Why does the man call?
2. When should the rubbish be collected in Chester Road?
3. What does the man say about the birds?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

4.
A. When he first went on a plane.
B. When he lived near an airport.
C. When he played with toy planes.
5.
A. America.
B Africa.
C. Australia.
6.
A. Something went wrong with the plane.
B. There was little fuel left.
C. The weather was bad.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Today I have Jack with me, who is a pilot and has just returned from a flight around the world. Jack, when did you first want to fly a plane?
M: I first went on a plane when I was two and I had a lot of toy planes. Then, when I was ten, we moved outside London and our house was underneath the flight path. Every day I would watch the planes. It was then that I decided to become an airline pilot.
W: How did you start your career?
M: I started flying helicopters. Then I started working at an airline where I flew their passenger planes. Three years later, I flew private jets for businessmen around the world.
W: So why did you decide to fly around the world?
M: I wanted to see the world on my own. I was able to see a lot of places in North America, Europe, Africa and Asia, but I didn’t manage to visit Australia.
W: What was the worst moment you had?
M: I was crossing Africa and there was a big storm and I couldn’t fly, so I had to make an emergency landing. The next day the storm passed. I asked for some fuel for the plane before it took off.
W: Thanks Jack.
Questions:
1. When did the man become interested in flying planes?
2. Where did the man fail to travel?
3. Why did the man have to make an emergency landing?
第二节回答问题(共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分)
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

7. To develop people’s____________________________________________________
8. ____________________________________________________________________
9. ____________________________________________________________________
10. ___________________________________________________________________
【答案】7. public speaking skills.
8. At 7:00/ seven.
9. The speech competition.
10. £17/ Seventeen pounds.
【解析】
【原文】Here is the news of an interesting club. The speakers’ club is aimed at anyone who needs to develop their public speaking skills. It offers a weekly meeting in the main hall, where members can learn through talks given by highly experienced speakers from the world of business and entertainment. They look at everything from body language and eye contact to storytelling. A typical session starts at 7:00 with tea, coffee and biscuits before members listen to the speaker and start looking at a particular topic. Then members are asked to give a presentation that includes the ideas presented by the speakers. The club also invites you to enter their speech competition which is held every year. If you do decide to join in, annual membership is £17 per year. Membership allows you to attend all sessions during the year and gives you access to private areas of the website and the chance to take part in the social events.
Questions:
1 What is the aim of the speakers’ club?
2. When does a typical session start?
3. What is held by the club every year?
4.What is the price of annual membership of the club?
第二部分阅读(共三节，满分40分)
第一节阅读理解(共10小题, 每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
At eleven, I decided to learn to swim. There was a pool at the YMCA offering exactly the opportunity. My mother continually warned against it, and kept fresh in my mind the details of each drowning in the river. But the YMCA pool was safe.
I had a childhood fear of water. This started when I was three years old and my father took me to the beach. The huge waves knocked me down and swept over me.
The pool was quiet. I was afraid of going in all alone, so I sat on one side of the pool to wait for others. Then came a big boy. He yelled, “Hi, how’d you like to be ducked?” With that he picked me up and threw me into the deep end. I landed in a sitting position, and swallowed water. But I was not frightened out of my wits—when my feet hit the bottom, I would make a big jump to come out of the surface. It seemed a long way down. I gathered all my strength when I landed and made what I thought was a great spring upwards. Then I opened my eyes and saw nothing but water. I tried to yell but no sound came out. I went down, down, endlessly.
When I came to consciousness, I found myself lying on the bed in the hospital.
I never went back to the pool. I avoided water whenever I could. This misadventure stayed with me as the years rolled by. It deprived (剥夺) me of the joy of boating and swimming. Finally, I decided to get an instructor. Piece by piece, he built a swimmer. Several months later, the instruction was finished, but I was not. Sometimes the terror would return.
This went on until July. I swam across the Lake Wentworth. Only once did the terror return. When I was in the middle of the lake, I put my face under and saw nothing but bottomless water. I laughed and said, “Well, Mr. Terror, what do you think you can do to me?”
I had conquered my fear of water.
11. What was the author’s original fear of water caused by?
A. His poor skill in swimming.
B. His mother’s warning of drowning.
C. An outing to the beach with his father.
D. An unpleasant memory of the pool.
12. Why was the author not scared to death when he was thrown into the water?
A. He knew how to swim in the pool.
B. He felt that the YMCA pool was safe.
C. He was waiting for others to save him.
D. He came up with an idea to go upwards.
13. What does the author probably mean by expressing “but I was not” in paragraph 5?
A. He was still a poor swimmer.
B. He hadn’t overcome the fear yet.
C. He hadn’t finished the instruction yet.
D He was not satisfied with the swimming training.
14. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Goodbye, Mr. Terror B. Hello, Childhood Fear
C. A Swimming Adventure D. My Passion for Swimming
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小害怕水，然后一步步克服对水的恐惧的进经历。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“I had a childhood fear of water. This started when I was three years old and my father took me to the beach.(我小时候很怕水。这始于我三岁的时候我爸爸带我去海滩。)”可知，作者最初对水的恐惧是由一次和父亲一起去海滩的郊游引起的。故选C。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But I was not frightened out of my wits—when my feet hit the bottom, I would make a big jump to come out of the surface.(但我并没有吓得魂飞魄散——当我的脚触底时，我会跳出水面。)”可知，作者在被扔进水里的时候没有被吓着是因为他想出了一个跳出水面的主意。故选D。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段中划线句子下文“Sometimes the terror would return.(有时恐惧会卷土重来。)”可推知，作者在第五段中表达“但我没有”是说他还没有克服恐惧。故选B。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段中“I laughed and said, “Well, Mr. Terror, what do you think you can do to me?”(我笑着说:“好吧，恐怖先生，你觉得你能把我怎么样?”)”和最后一段“I had conquered my fear of water.(我已经克服了对水的恐惧。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者从小害怕水，然后一步步克服对水的恐惧的经历。A项“再见，恐怖先生”用了拟人化，能概括全文内容，故选A。
B
Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突击学) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development.
15. How does the author explain the law of overlearning?
A. By using examples.
B. By making a comparison.
C. By setting down general rules.
D. By presenting research findings.
16. What do we know about being able to use multiplication tables?
A. It’s a skill to deal with math problems.
B. It’s a special case of cramming.
C. It’s a result of overlearning.
D. It’s a basic step towards advanced studies.
17. What is the author’s opinion on cramming?
A. It leads to failure in college exams.
B. It’s helpful only in a limited way.
C. It increases students’ learning interest.
D. It’s possible to result in poor memory.
【答案】15. A 16. C 17. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过过度学习定律来解释为什么成年人会对小时候学过但从未练习过的事情仍能记忆的很清楚这种情况。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.”（一个男人已多年没有机会去游泳，但当他回到水中仍可以游得像当时一样好。他还可以在多年以后骑上车并且仍能骑着车离开。他可以像他儿子一样去接球和击球。）以及第二段“One explanation is the law of overlearning”（其中一种解释是过度学习定律）可知，作者列举了很多例子来解释说明过度学习定律。故选A项。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.”（因为他们是我们在童年时期过度学习的另一种东西。）可知，我们可以熟练地使用乘法口诀表也是因为小时候过度学习它的原因。故选C项。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.”（通过突击学习，一个学生可以很轻易地学习这个学科并通过考试，但他很快就会忘记他所学习的内容。）可知，作者承认了突击学习在通过考试方面的有效性，但也点明其缺点，因此作者应是认为突击学习只会通过很有限的方式去发挥作用。故选B项。
C
It’s surprising how much simple movements of the body can affect the way we think. Using expansive gestures with open arms makes us feel more powerful, crossing your arms makes you more determined and lying down can bring more insights.
So if moving the body can have these effects, what about the clothes we wear? We’re all well aware of how dressing up in different ways can make us feel more attractive, sporty or professional, depending on the clothes we wear, but can the clothes actually change cognitive performance or is it just a feeling?
Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people’s powers of attention. The idea is that white coats are associated with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail.
What they found was that people wearing white coats performed better than those who weren’t. Indeed, they made only half as many errors as those wearing their own clothes on the Stroop Test (one way of measuring attention). The researchers call the effect “enclothed cognition,” suggesting that all manner of different clothes probably affect our cognition in many different ways.
This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-based experiments. Is the writer who wears a fedora more creative? Is the psychologist wearing little round glasses and smoking a cigar more insightful? Does a chef’s hat make the restaurant food taste better?
From now on I will only be editing articles for PsyBlog while wearing a white coat to help keep the typing error count low Hopefully you will be doing your part by reading PsyBlog in a cap and gown (学位服).
18. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Body movements change the way people think.
B. How people dress has an influence on their feelings.
C. What people wear can affect their cognitive performance.
D. People doing different jobs should wear different clothes.
19. What did Adam and Galinsky’s experiment test the effect of clothes on?
A. Their wearers’ insights. B. Their wearers’ attention.
C. Their wearers’ movements. D. Their wearers’ appearance.
20. How does the author sound in the last paragraph?
A. Formal. B. Hopeful. C. Academic. D. Humorous.
【答案】18. C 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了Adam和Galinsky所做的一个关于穿着白大褂人们注意力的实验。实验显示穿白大褂的人表现更为出色，他们的错误率是穿普通衣服的人的一半。得出结论：着装影响人的认知表现。
【18题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“but can the clothes actually change cognitive performance or is it just a feeling（但是，衣服真的能改变认知表现吗?还是只是一种感觉）”及下文所做的实验可知，本文主要讲述着装对人认知表现的影响。故选C。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。细节理解题。根据第三段“Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people’s powers of attention.（Adam和Galinsky测试了简单地穿着白大褂对人们注意力的影响）可知，Adam和Galinsky的实验是测试着装对人们注意力的影响。故选B。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。作者全文在讲述着装影响人的认知表现这一理论，最后一段“From now on I will only be editing articles for PsyBlog while wearing a white coat to help keep the typing error count low. Hopefully you will be doing your part by reading PsyBlog in a cap and gown (学位服).”作者说自己以后要穿白大褂上班编辑文章，以减少打字错误。他希望读者也能带上学士帽、穿上学位服阅读PsyBlog的文章。由此可推断出作者是用一种幽默的语气调侃着装认知理论。故选D。
第二节语句排序(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
21. 将下列几个部分(A、B、C、D和E)按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。
A. The furniture is light so they can arrange it as they wish and the cabinets are low so the children can reach them.
B. But many people nowadays do not understand fully the belief of Montessori when they practise so the effects are questioned.
C. A typical room in a Montessori school has many things children can use, for example, books, objects and games.
D. And because the method encourages informal teaching, the formal teaching and the role of teacher may be neglected in children’s socialisation.
E. Because the environment offers a range of activities, children like to work together, and they develop a social life based on cooperation rather than competition.
【答案】CAEBD
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蒙特梭利学校，介绍了其办学理念以及特色等。
【详解】A. The furniture is light so they can arrange it as they wish and the cabinets are low so the children can reach them.(家具很轻，所以他们可以随心所欲地摆放，橱柜也很低，孩子们可以够到。)
B. But many people nowadays do not understand fully the belief of Montessori when they practise so the effects are questioned. (但是现在很多人在实践的时候并不能完全理解蒙台梭利的信仰，所以其效果受到质疑。)
C. A typical room in a Montessori school has many things children can use, for example, books, objects and games. (蒙特梭利学校的典型房间里有很多孩子可以使用的东西，例如书籍、物品和游戏。)
D. And because the method encourages informal teaching, the formal teaching and the role of teacher may be neglected in children’s socialisation. (由于这种方法鼓励非正式教学，因此在儿童的社会化过程中，正式教学和教师的作用可能会被忽视。)
E. Because the environment offers a range of activities, children like to work together, and they develop a social life based on cooperation rather than competition. (因为环境提供了一系列的活动，孩子们喜欢一起工作，他们的社会生活建立在合作而不是竞争的基础上。)
2.文章线索分析
分析各个选项意思可知，C选项为本段的开头句，引出本段的主题——蒙特梭利学校，并描述了其典型房间的布置。后面的内容都与之相关，以此展开的。接下来，说明蒙特梭利学校里房间为什么会这样布置，会给孩子带来什么样的好处。A项首先说明家具轻，所以孩子可以自由排列；橱柜低，所以孩子可以够得着。而E项则介绍了这样的环境可以让孩子喜欢一起学习，也就是房间布置带来的好处。因此A项在E项的前面。再后来，B项在上文列举其好处之后指出，蒙台梭利学校的信仰遭到了质疑。选项中的“but”与上文形成转折关系。最后，D项继续说明，由于鼓励非正式教学，在蒙台梭利学校中，正式教学和教师的左右可能会被忽视，这也是蒙台梭利教学理念遭到质疑的一方面。根据选项D中的“and”可知，D项在B项之后。故答案为CAEBD。
第三节选句填空(共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether you are a new blogger, or one that has been blogging for a while, you are probably wondering how to make the best of your blog. ____22____ By doing so, you can get your blog known, promote a product and get the results you are expecting. Here are several ways to do this.
The first step is to make sure that your blog is updated frequently. ____23____ This will make a huge impact on your blog. Continue posting as you should as this is something that will keep attracting your readers to your blog.
____24____ Having your own look is a huge plus in the blog marketing world. You can have your own look by just using HTML, and adjusting the code to suit your taste. You are going to see that this will truly make a difference with your blog. ____25____ Doing so will make it look even more professional.
Something else that will help you with your blog marketing is exchanging links with authority blogs that are in your same market. This is another great way to get the word out about your blog. The authority sites are listed high in Google’s search results. ____26____ You will need to continue to work on your blog and get more links to it all of the time. The more the better in this case. In the world of blogs, most blog owners are thankful for all links, and are willing to return the favor.
Remember that effective blog marketing requires persistence and patience. Just keep working on it. Your hard work is going to pay off and you will be glad that you did.
A. Make your blog different.
B. In fact, the key to this is to blog effectively.
C. Post in your blog regularly for the best results.
D. Meanwhile, be on guard against some harmful links.
E. Another important thing is to make your blog look nice.
F. However, just a few links are hardly ever enough to get your blog known.
G. Try to get a theme that is going to match the market that you are promoting in your blog.
【答案】22. B 23. C 24. A 25. G 26. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何推广自己的博客，给出一些有效措施。
【22题详解】
上文“Whether you are a new blogger, or one that has been blogging for a while, you are probably wondering how to make the best of your blog.(无论你是一个新的博客作者，还是一个已经写了一段时间博客的人，你可能想知道如何使你的博客做得最好。)”说明无论你是写博客的新手还是老手，可能都想知道如何把博客做得最好，选项B“事实上，关键在于有效地写博客。”承接上文，对如何把博客做得最好做了概括的回答，引出下文“By doing so, you can get your blog known, promote a product and get the results you are expecting.(通过这样做，你可以让你的博客出名，推广一个产品，并得到你期待的结果。)”说明这样做的意义以及预期的效果。上下文语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选B项。
【23题详解】
上文“The first step is to make sure that your blog is updated frequently.(第一步是确保你的博客经常更新。)”建议经常更新博客，选项C“定期在你的博客上发帖以获得最佳效果。”承接上文，对更新博客做进一步的解释，经常更新就要定期发帖。选项中Post in your blog regularly和上文中your blog is updated frequently语义相关。故选C项。
【24题详解】
下文“Having your own look is a huge plus in the blog marketing world. You can have your own look by just using HTML, and adjusting the code to suit your taste. You are going to see that this will truly make a difference with your blog.(在博客营销世界中拥有自己的形象是一个巨大的优势。只需使用HTML，并根据自己的喜好调整代码，就可以拥有自己的外观。你会看到这将真正使你的博客与众不同。)”说明博客中要拥有自己的形象，自己的外观，要使你的博客与众不同，选项A“让你的博客与众不同。”位于段首，概括说明本段主旨，要使自己的博客与众不同。选项Make your blog different和下文中make a difference with your blog语义一致，逻辑合理。故选A项。
【25题详解】
上文“You are going to see that this will truly make a difference with your blog.(你会看到这将真正使你的博客与众不同。)”说明这样会使自己的博客与众不同，选项G“试着在你的博客中找到一个与你正在推广的市场相匹配的主题。”承接上文，继续建议怎样打造自己的博客特色，引出下文“Doing so will make it look even more professional.(这样做会让它看起来更专业。)”和上文存在因果关系。上下文语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选G项。
【26题详解】
上文段首“Something else that will help you with your blog marketing is exchanging links with authority blogs that are in your same market.(另一种有助于你的博客营销的方法是与你所在市场的权威博客交换链接。)”建议与你所在市场的权威博客交换链接，选项F“然而，仅仅几个链接是远远不够让你的博客为人所知的。”转折上文语义，说明仅仅几个链接还远远不够，引出下文“You will need to continue to work on your blog and get more links to it all of the time.(你需要继续在你的博客上工作，并一直获得更多的它的链接。)”建议继续努力，建立更多的链接。选项中links和上文以及下文中links词汇重叠，语义一致。故选F项。
第三部分综合应用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It wasn’t that I was embarrassed my husband was out of work. It’s just that we were private people and didn’t share our ____27____ much with others. So when he lost his job, we just acted like nothing had changed and no one seemed to ____28____.
It didn’t take long before my friends found out that my husband ____29____ a lot more. When asked about it, I told my good friend and neighbour Tammy the ____30____ and I said we were still looking. She then told me that her husband had also been hunting for jobs all over town because his company was closing down. I was ____31____. We constantly did things together, yet I hadn’t found any sign of their____32____.
After knowing what they were ____33____, I wanted to help them even though we didn’t have much ourselves. So, I became a professional shopper. I looked for discount offers everywhere, and when I finished my ____34____, I would offer to buy things for Tammy at the____35____ price. It seems like our money goes even further because we are willing to share.
It goes the other way too. Tammy and her husband have given us enough wood to _____36_____ our house this winter. It has been a huge _____37_____, reducing our gas bill to almost nothing. There are other example of helping each other. I teach Tammy how to make bread; she _____38_____ my kids when I go to job interviews... and the _____39_____ goes on.
I don’t have much to give, but I can give of myself. I can have _____40_____, love and hope, and the more I give these away, the more I _____41_____.
27. A. duties B. problems C. opinions D. plans
28. A. mind B. care C. notice D. sympathize
29. A. went hunting B. visited neighbors C. stayed home D. dined out
30. A. difference B. truth C. result D. message
31. A. relieved B. disappointed C. confused D. shocked
32. A. starving B. hesitating C. struggling D. quarrelling
33. A. going through B. preparing for C. looking for D. looking forward to
34. A. housework B. project C. search D. conversation
35. A. earlier B. lower C. average D. suggested
36. A. decorate B. support C. build D. heat
37. A. help B. victory C. burden D. profit
38. A. watches B. praises C. adopts D. raises
39. A. interview B. negotiation C. list D. party
40. A. curiosity B. ambition C. freedom D. kindness
41. A. hunt for B. get back C. believe in D. come across
【答案】27. B 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. A 39. C 40. D 41. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和邻居Tammy的丈夫都失业了，在这个困难时期，她们两家互相帮助，共渡难关的故事，作者从中感悟到：自己把善良，爱和希望送出去的越多，得到的就越多。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只是我们都是很注重隐私的人，很少和别人分享我们的问题。A. duties责任；B. problems问题；C. opinions观点；D. plans计划。由上文“we were private people and didn’t share our”和下文“So when he lost his job, we just acted like nothing”可知，作者和丈夫是很注重隐私的人，很少和别人分享自己的问题，所以像丈夫失业这种问题，她也没和别人说，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当他失业的时候，我们假装什么都没发生，也没人注意到。A. mind在意；B. care照料；C. notice注意到；D. sympathize同情。由上文“we just acted like nothing had changed and no one seemed to”可知，在丈夫失业时，作者和丈夫假装什么都没发生，所以没人注意到他们的问题。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：没过多久，我的朋友们就发现我丈夫经常待在家里。A. went hunting打猎；B. visited neighbors拜访邻居；C. stayed home待在家里；D. dined out出去吃饭。由上文“when he lost his job”可知，丈夫失业了，所以经常待在家里，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问到这个问题时，我告诉我的好朋友兼邻居Tammy真相，我说我们仍在寻找工作。A. difference差异；B. truth事实；C. result结果；D. message信息。由下文“I said we were still looking”可知，作者告诉朋友丈夫正在寻找工作，所以说她告诉了朋友丈夫失业这一真相，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很震惊。A. relieved宽慰的；B. disappointed失望的；C. confused困惑的；D. shocked震惊的。由上文“She then told me that her husband had also been hunting for jobs all over town because his company was closing down.”可知，当作者听到朋友告诉她，她的丈夫也在城里到处找工作，因为他的公司要倒闭了这件事时，作者感到震惊。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们经常一起做一些事情，但是我没有发现他们有任何艰难维持生活的迹象。A. starving挨饿；B. hesitating犹豫；C. struggling挣扎；在困境中维持；艰难维持；D. quarrelling争吵。由上文“She then told me that her husband had also been hunting for jobs all over town because his company was closing down.”可知，作者朋友的丈夫在城里到处找工作，因为他的公司要倒闭了，这说明他们的生活也很艰难，但是他们却一点没有表现出来，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在知道他们经历了什么之后，我想帮助他们，即使我们自己也没有什么钱。A. going through经历；B. preparing for为……作准备；C. looking for寻找；D. looking forward to盼望。由上文“She then told me that her husband had also been hunting for jobs all over town because his company was closing down.”可知，作者朋友的丈夫在城里到处找工作，因为他的公司要倒闭了，这是他们所经历的一些困境，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我到处寻找折扣优惠，当我完成我的搜索后，我会以更低的价格为Tammy购买东西。A. housework家庭作业；B. project项目；C. search搜寻；D. conversation交谈。由上文“So, I became a professional shopper. I looked for discount offers everywhere”可知，作者成为一名专业的购物者，会四处寻找折扣优惠，此处指作者在搜索完折扣优惠之后，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我到处寻找折扣优惠，当我完成我的搜索后，我会以更低的价格为Tammy购买东西。A. earlier更早的；B. lower更低的；C. average平均的；D. suggested暗示的。由上文“I looked for discount offers everywhere”可知，作者四处搜索折扣优惠，所以会以更低的价格买东西，故选B。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tammy和她丈夫已经给了我们足够的木头让我们在这个冬天来取暖。A. decorate装饰；B. support支持；C. build建造；D. heat加热；使变暖。由上文“Tammy and her husband have given us enough wood to”可知，Tammy和她丈夫已经给了作者一家足够的木头，让他们来取暖，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个巨大的帮助，将我们的燃气费用减少到几乎为零。A. help帮助；B. victory胜利；C. burden负担；D. profit利润。由上文“Tammy and her husband have given us enough wood to____10___our house this winter.”可知，Tammy和她丈夫给了作者一家足够的木头来取暖，这对于作者一家来说是个巨大的帮助，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我教Tammy怎么做面包，我去面试的时候，她照看我的孩子，还有很多。A. watches观看；照看；B. praises赞扬；C. adopts采取；D. raises提高。由下文“my kids when I go to job interviews”可知，当作者去面试的时候，Tammy会帮忙照看作者的孩子，故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我教Tammy怎么做面包，我去面试的时候，她照看我的孩子，还有很多。A. interview采访；B. negotiation协商；C. list清单；D. party聚会。由下文“goes on”可知，作者列举了朋友Tammy和自己互相帮助的例子，除了作者教她做面包，她在作者面试的时候帮忙照看孩子以外，还有很多例子，the list goes on固定搭配，意为“还有很多”，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以拥有善良，爱和希望，我把它们送出去的越多，我得到的就越多。A. curiosity好奇；B. ambition雄心；C. freedom自由；D. kindness善良。由下文“love and hope”可知，此处表示和love，及hope同色彩的词，应用kindness，表示“善良”，即作者说自己拥有善良，爱和希望，故选D。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我可以拥有善良，爱和希望，我把它们送出去的越多，我得到的就越多。A. hunt for寻找；B. get back回来；取回；得到；C. believe in信任；D. come across偶遇。由上文“the more I give these away, the more I”和全文描述作者和朋友互相帮助，作者从中受益很多可知，作者认为自己把善良，爱和希望送出去的越多，自己得到的就越多。故选B。
第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox(春分), as the fourth term of the year starts on March 20 ___42___ ends on April this year.
The Spring Equinox signals the equal ___43___ (long) of the day and night time. The day of the Spring Equinox is ___44___ the sun is directly above the equator. After the equinox, the sun moves northwards, resulting in ___45___ (gradual) longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere and longer night in the Southern Hemisphere.
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that ___46___ (date) back to 4,000 years ago. People practice this tradition to celebrate the coming of spring. It ___47___ (believe) that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
The Spring Equinox is ___48___ good time to fly kites. In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources. So ___49___ (pray) for good health, they wrote their medical issues on paper kite. When the kite was ___50___ the air, people would cut off the stringy let the paper kite float away, ____51____ (symbolize) the flying away of diseases.
【答案】42. and
43. length 44. when
45. gradually
46. dates 47. is believed
48. a 49. to pray
50. in 51. symbolizing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“春分”这个节气以及一些相关活动。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：春分，作为一年的第四个节气，今年从3月20日开始，到4月结束。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：春分标志着白天和黑夜的时间长度相等。空处作宾语，表示“长度”应用名词length，不可数。故填length。
【44题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：春分是太阳直射赤道的日子。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，应用when引导。故填when。
45题详解】
考查副词。句意：春分之后，太阳向北移动，北半球的白天逐渐变长，南半球的夜晚逐渐变长。修饰形容词longer应用副词gradually。故填gradually。
【46题详解】
考查时态。句意：这是一个可以追溯到4000年前的古老习俗。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，定语从句中主语为an old custom，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
【47题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：人们相信，如果有人能把鸡蛋立起来，他将来就会有好运。表示“人们相信……”句型为It is believed that。故填is believed。
【48题详解】
考查冠词。句意：春分是放风筝的好时节。time表示“时节”为泛指，且good是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以为了祈求健康，他们把自己的健康问题写在纸风筝上。分析句子结构可知pray在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语应用不定式。故填to pray。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：当风筝在空中时，人们会剪断绳子让纸风筝飘走，象征着疾病的飞走。结合句意表示“在空中”可知短语为in the air。故填in。
【51题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当风筝在空中时，人们会剪断绳子让纸风筝飘走，象征着疾病的飞走。分析句子结构可知symbolize在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处与people would cut off the stringy let the paper kite float away构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填symbolizing。
第四部分词汇基础(共两节，满分20分)
第一节词义匹配(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
第一组
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。每组选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. very bad or very serious
B. a series of actions intended to achieve a particular result
C. different from the one you have and can be used instead
D. facts, information, documents etc that prove something is true
E. an idea of how something is, or how something should be done
F. to organize or make plans for something such as a meeting, party, or trip
G. to ask for information or advice from someone because it is their job to know something

52. He finds it hard to grasp abstract concepts.
53. He was in severe pain and unable to call for help.
54. They have launched a campaign to end world poverty.
55. Jones’ book details alternative ways of coping with stress.
56. We consulted with several engineers about the best way to support the bridge.
【答案】52. E 53. A
54. B 55. C
56. G
【解析】
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：他发现很难理解抽象的概念。concepts为名词，作宾语，表示“概念”，与E项“关于某事是怎样的，或者某事应该怎样做的想法”意思一样，故选E。
【53题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他非常痛苦，无法呼救。severe为形容词，作定语，修饰名词pain，表示“严重的”，与A项“非常糟糕或非常严重”意思一样，故选A。
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们发起了一场消除世界贫困的运动。campaign为名词，作宾语，表示“运动”，与B项“旨在达到特定结果的一系列行动”意思一样，故选B。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。句意：琼斯的书详细描述了应对压力的可替代的方法。alternative为形容词，作定语，修饰名词ways，表示“可替代的”，与C项“与你现有的不同，可以用来代替”意思一样，故选C。
【56题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们咨询了几位工程师关于支撑大桥的最佳方法。consulted为动词，作句子谓语，表示“咨询”，与G项“向某人寻求信息或建议，因为了解某事是他们的工作”意思一样，故选G。
第二组
根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。每组选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. to admit or accept that something is true or that a situation exists
B. good sense and judgment, based especially on your experience of life
C. valuable and important and should not be wasted or used without care
D. based on your ideas about what is right, rather than on what is legal or practical
E. to stop doing something because there are too many problems and it is impossible to continue
F. to put someone in a situation where they are not protected from something dangerous or unpleasant
G. a society that is well organized and developed, especially in a particular place or at a particular time

57. Apparently I’d ruined her precious antique.
58. The test will tell you if you’ve been exposed to the virus.
59. Technology is one of the benefits of modern civilization.
60. Owing to rough weather, the coast guard had been forced to abandon the search.
61. We shouldn’t make moral judgements about the way other people live their lives.
【答案】57. C 58. F
59. G 60. E
61. D
【解析】
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：显然我毁了她珍贵的古董。句中的precious 为形容词，意为“珍贵的”，与C项 “ valuable and important and should not be wasted or used without care(有价值且重要，不应浪费或随意使用)”意思相近。故选C项。
【58题详解】
考查动词。句意：检测会告诉你是否接触过这种病毒。句中的expose 为动词，意为“接触”，与F项 “to put someone in a situation where they are not protected from something dangerous or unpleasant(把某人置于一种没有保护的境地，使其免受危险或不愉快的事情的伤害)”意思相近。故选F项。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：技术是现代文明的好处之一。句中的civilization 为名词，意为“文明”，与G项 “a society that is well organized and developed, especially in a particular place or at a particular time(有良好组织和发展的社会，尤指在特定的地点或特定的时间)”意思相近。故选G项。
【60题详解】
考查动词。句意：由于天气恶劣，海岸警卫队被迫放弃搜索。句中的abandon 为动词，意为“抛弃，停止”，与E项 “to stop doing something because there are too many problems and it is impossible to continue(因为问题太多而无法继续做某事)”意思相近。故选E项。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们不应该对别人的生活方式做出道德判断。句中的 moral 为形容词，意为“道德的”，与D项 “ based on your ideas about what is right, rather than on what is legal or practical(基于你对什么是正确的想法，而不是基于什么是合法的或实用的)”意思相近。故选D项。
第二节单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，用单词的恰当形式填空，并把完整的单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。
62. No one wants to take r___________ for the collapse of his house.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】responsibility##esponsibility
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：没有人愿意为他的房子的倒塌承担责任。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语。表示“责任”用responsibility。故填responsibility。
63. Alcohol c___________ to 100,000 deaths last year in our country. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】contributed##ontributed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：去年，我国有10万人死于酒精。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。表示“造成，促成”用contribute。故填contributed。
64. It is well known that sports are b___________ to strengthen our body. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】beneficial##eneficial

【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：众所周知，运动有利于强身健体。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空格处填形容词作表语，表示“有益的”beneficial。故填beneficial。
65. This program often gives people quick news about economic or p___________discussions. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】political##olitical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个节目经常为人们提供有关经济或政治讨论的快速新闻。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语。表示“政治的”用political。故填political。
66. Knowing she had to bring up the children on her own, I have a lot of s___________ for her. (根据首字母拼写单词)
【答案】sympathy##ympathy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：知道她必须独自抚养孩子，我很同情她。根据“she had to bring up the children on her own”和首字母提示可知，空处用不可数名词sympathy，作have的宾语，表示“同情”。故填sympathy。
67. Her father now ___________ (同意) of her marriage. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】approves
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她父亲现在赞成她的婚姻。approve of同意，赞成。根据时间状语now可知，用一般现在时。主语是Her father ，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填approves。
68. The Irish are very ___________ (热衷的) about horse racing. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】enthusiastic##nthusiastic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：爱尔兰人非常热衷于赛马。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语。表示“热衷的”用enthusiastic。故填enthusiastic。
69. You need to sit down and ________ (分析) why you feel so upset. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】analyse
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：你需要坐下来分析一下你为什么这么沮丧。根据汉语提示可知应填动词analyse，结合上文You need to sit down and可知为短语need to do sth.。故填analyse。
70. Recent years have ___________ (见证) the collapse of the steel industry. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】witnessed##seen
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：最近几年见证了钢铁工业的崩溃。根据汉意提示，应为动词witness或者see。照应空前“have”可知，应为现在完成时。故填witnessed/seen。
71. Education nowadays stresses more on cultivating ___________ (批判性的) thinking. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】critical
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：现如今的教育更注重培养批判性思维。根据汉语提示“批判性的”可知，设空处应填形容词作定语去修饰后文的thinking。故填critical。
第五部分书面表达(共两节，共 40 分)
第一节句子翻译(共3小题，每小题 5 分，满分 15 分)
请将下列句子翻译成合适的英文。
72. 我过去常常渴望能在哲学教育中取得突破。(汉译英)
【答案】I used to be eager to make a breakthrough in philosophy education.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据所给中文提示词可知，本句主语是“我”译为“I”，谓语是“过去常常”，为固定搭配，译为“used to”后接动词原形构成固定短语，“渴望”，为固定搭配译为“be eager to”后接动词原形构成不定式，“取得突破”为固定搭配译为“make a breakthrough”，“在哲学教育中”作地点状语，译为“in philosophy education”。故译为：I used to be eager to make a breakthrough in philosophy education.
73. 换句话来说，他把自己的成功归功于他的洞察力与勤奋。(汉译英)
【答案】In other words, he owes/owed his success to his insight and hard work.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和介词短语。分析句子，句子既可以表述客观事实，应用一般现在时，或者过去事实，应使用一般过去时。表示“换句话说”用in other words；表示“归功于”用owe to；表示“洞察力和勤奋”用insight and hard work。故翻译为In other words, he owes/owed his success to his insight and hard work。
74. 这是我第一次接受了如此大的挑战。(汉译英)
【答案】This/It is the first time I have accepted/taken up such a great challenge.
This/It was the first time I had accepted/taken up such a great challenge.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。“这是某人第几次做某事”为固定句型This/It be the+序数词+that+从句，如果be动词为is，从句应用现在完成时，如果be动词为was，从句应用过去完成时。“接受了如此大的挑战”翻译为accept/take up such a great challenge，根据句意可知，句子既可以表示现在发生的事，也可以表示过去发生的事，故翻译为This/It is the first time I have accepted/taken up such a great challenge./This/It was the first time I had accepted/taken up such a great challenge.
第二节写作(共1小题，满分25分)
75. 请简要描述下图所展现的现象，结合自己的实际生活谈谈你的看法。内容包括：
1.描述图片；
2.就“低头族”这一现象谈谈你的看法。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.参考词汇：低头族 phubbing。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As is shown in the picture, people are having a get-together at table. But almost each of them is bending over their phones, ignoring the ones who sit right in front of them. It is apparent that they are so buried in their phones that they are disconnected with the real life.
The cartoon vividly reflects a common phenomenon: many people are becoming increasingly addicted to the virtual world brought by smartphones. It warns us that the phenomenon of phubbing has grown to such an extent that it shouldn’t be treated lightly. In fact, phubbing is far more influential than we can imagine. It is not only a distraction, but also a poison to our relationships with others.
To solve the problem of phubbing, the key is to lift our head and spend more quality time with people around us. For example, it’s a brilliant idea to hang out with friends or have dinner with our family. We have good reasons to believe that smartphones are beneficial only when used properly and wisely.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图画作文。要求考生描述图片，结合自己的实际生活谈谈对“低头族”这一现象的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
明显的：apparent→ obvious
专心于：be buried in → be bent on/be absorbed in/be devoted to
事实上：in fact → as a matter of fact
解决：solve→ settle/handle
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To solve the problem of phubbing, the key is to lift our head and spend more quality time with people around us.
拓展句：If we want to solve the problem of phubbing, the key is to lift our head and spend more quality time with people around us.
【点睛】【高分句型1】But almost each of them is bending over their phones, ignoring the ones who sit right in front of them.（运用了现在分词作状语和who引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】We have good reasons to believe that smartphones are beneficial only when used properly and wisely.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）