湖南省株洲市炎陵县2023-2024学年高二英语上学期10月月考试题（Word版附解析）

炎陵县2023年下期高二10月份素质检测-英语卷

第一部分  听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读一遍。

1. What does the woman want to do?

A. Graduate next semester.    B. Get the form back.  C. Meet the dean.

2 Where are the speakers now?

A. In a building.            B. On a bridge.          C. In a car.

3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. Sports.                B. A park.              C. A summer holiday.

4. What does the man remind the woman to pay?

A. The phone bill.        B. The water bill.      C. The electricity bill.

5. What does the woman mean?

A. She didn’t like the watch.  B. She bought the watch for $50.

C. She didn’t have enough money.

第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)

听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并 标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。

6. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Teacher and student.     B. Colleagues.         C. Classmates.

7. What does the woman plan to do right after lunch?

A. Find Ms. Wong.         B. Go to the gym.   C. Have a PE class.

听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第 9 两个小题。

8. Why does Mary call Mr. Green?

A. To ask about a meeting.     B. To make an appointment.

C. To remind him to see a dentist.

9. When will Mr. Green attend a parent-teacher meeting?

A. On Thursday morning.     B. On Thursday afternoon.

C. On Friday afternoon.

听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。

10. What are the speakers most probably doing?

A. Booking a hotel.          B. Writing a hotel review.

C. Reading a brochure of a hotel.

11. What does the man like most?

A. Open fires.             B. Afternoon tea.      C. The bedroom.

12. What do the speakers decide to do?

A. Send a letter.             B. Ask for a price list.  C. Bargain over the price.

听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。

13. Where does the conversation take place?

A. At a cafe.             B. At an airport.      C. On the phone.

14. How does Nick sound?

A. Worried.                 B. Curious.          C. Excited.

15. Why will Mary go to San Diego?

A. To study in a university.     B. To spend a vacation.  C. To see her sister.

16. What time is it now?

A. About 6:00.             B. About 7:00.          C. About 8:30.

听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。

17. What will the listeners do first at the Cookery School?

A. Make some pizza.         B. Eat chocolate cakes.  C. Learn to grow vegetables.

18. What’s the price of the bus ticket?

A. $3.55.                   B. $6.00.              C. $9.55.

19. What should the listeners take?

A. Sandwiches.           B. A notebook.      C. A pencil.

20. How are the parents advised to contact the speaker?

A. By e-mail.             B. Through the phone.  C. Face to face.

第二部分  阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

A

Energy is the ability to do work. Solar energy comes from the Sun.There is also energy that comes from wind and water.

But do you know that energy can come from people, too? When you pedal a bike, you produce energy. You use your legs to push the pedals. Your energy is transferred (转移) to the bike. That makes the bike move.

Now imagine riding your bike to create enough power to run a computer. Some students at one school did just that! They jumped on bikes connected to generators (发电机) and pedaled in place. Soon they were producing electricity. This energy is needed to run their computers.

Here is how bicycle-powered energy works. When a student pedals the bike, the back wheel spins (旋转). The wheel spins the generator. The generator produces electricity. As long as a student pedals the bicycle, electricity moves through the generator. The electricity can be used right away. This energy can also be stored and used later.

People use bicycle-powered energy to run small devices (设备) such as small televisions and fans. They often use less than 100 watts per hour. However, it would be a mistake to use pedal power to run a fridge. This large machine often uses more than 700 watts per hour. The electricity for these machines comes from power lines overhead or underground.

Pedal power can be seen in schools, gyms, and homes. What a fun way to provide electricity!

1. How does the writer lead into the topic “bicycle-powered energy” in Paragraph 2?

A. By asking a question.

B. By telling a joke.

C. By using an old saying.

D. By making a survey.

2. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?

A. The future of new energy.

B. The forms of world’s energy.

C. Producing bicycle-powered energy.

D. Using bicycle-powered energy.

3. What do we know about bicycle-powered energy?

A. It can’t be seen in schools.

B. It can be stored and used later.

C. It comes from wind and water.

D. It’s from power lines overhead.

【答案】1. A    2. D    3. B

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“自行车动力能源”相关知识。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But do you know that energy can come from people, too? When you pedal a bike, you produce energy. You use your legs to push the pedals. Your energy is transferred (转移) to the bike. (但是你知道能量也可以来自人吗?当你骑自行车时，你会产生能量。你用腿来踩踏板。你的能量被转移到自行车上。)”通过提问“你知道能量也可以来自人吗?”，然后再解释“自行车能量”的来源来引入话题。故选A。

【2题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“People use bicycle-powered energy to run small devices(设备) such as small televisions and fans. (人们使用自行车供电来驱动小型设备，如小型电视和风扇。)”可知，第五段的主要内容是介绍人们使用自行车供电来驱动小型设备，介绍的是使用自行车动力能源。故选D。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“This energy can also be stored and used later. (这种能量也可以储存起来供以后使用。)”说明的是这种能量可以储存起来以后使用。故选B。

B

People believe that every word has its correct meaning (s). When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past?

Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about.  As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words — both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A -Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word.

Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.

So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a law maker.

As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.

4. Why did dictionary writers read important books?

A. To know more about the period.

B. To collect words and their uses.

C. To understand different subjects.

D. To learn to use interesting words.

5. Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past?

A. ①—③—④—② B. ①—②—④—③

C. ③—①—④—② D. ③—④—②—①

6. What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past?

A. It was long-time hard work.

B. It was a task of inventing and recording.

C. It should be done by historians.

D. It had to use the law-making rules.

7. What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication?

A. Try to create new words.

B Follow the dictionary strictly.

C. Use online dictionaries instead.

D. Be open to the new uses of words.

【答案】4. B    5. C    6. A    7. D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者对过去词典的编纂进行了介绍，并表明编撰字典的任务不是发明单词的意思，而是记录它们的意思，词典的作者是一位历史学家，而不是一位立法者，所以在我们使用词汇时要遵循词典，但不应受其控制，词汇总会被赋予新的用法，我们应该接受词汇的新用法。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words — both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used.(当他们阅读时，他们把必要的信息抄写在卡片上：有趣的单词，常见的单词——包括日常使用和不常用的单词，以及使用这些单词的句子。)”可知，词典编纂者要读重要的书籍是为了收集单词及其用法。故选B。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words — both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used.(当他们阅读时，他们把必要的信息抄写在卡片上：有趣的单词，常见的单词——包括日常使用和不常用的单词，以及使用这些单词的句子。)”可知，第一步是把必要的信息写在卡片上，符合第三张图片。根据第二段最后两句“As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A -Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word.(卡片收集完毕后，按字母顺序（A - Z）排列。这样一来，每个单词就会有几百张卡片。)”可知，第二步是每个单词收集几百张卡片，符合第一张图片。根据第三段第二句“He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word.(他仔细阅读卡片，扔掉一些，重新阅读其余的卡片，并根据他认为这个单词的常用用法将卡片分开。)”可知，第三步是去除一些不需要的卡片，将剩余的卡片分类，符合第四张图片。根据第三段最后一句“Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.(最后，他写下了定义，遵循了一个严格的规则：每个定义都必须来自他面前某张卡片上的一个例子。)”可知，最后一步是写下定义，符合第二张图片。故选C。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段第四句和第五句“For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years.(对于一本真正的大字典来说，需要收集数百万张这样的卡片。这项任务可能会持续数年。)”可知，过去的词典编纂是一个长期的艰苦工作。故选A。

【7题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.(然而，我们不能被它所控制，因为新情况，新经历，新发明和新感觉总是促使我们赋予旧词新的用法。)”可知，当我们在交流中选择词汇时，作者建议我们要接受词汇的新用法。故选D。

C

Tornadoes are nature’s most violent storms, which can cause deaths and destroy a neighborhood in seconds. A tornado appears as a rotating, funnel-shaped (漏斗形的) cloud that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground with whirling winds that can reach 300 miles per hour. Damage paths can be over one mile wide and 50 mileslong. Every state is at some risk from this disaster.

Some tornadoes can be seen clearly, while rain or nearby low-hanging clouds cover others. At many times, tornadoes develop so rapidly that little, if any, advance warning is possible.

Before a tornado hits, the air may become very still. A cloud of debris (散片) can mark the location of a tornado even if a funnel can not be seen. Tornadoes generally occur near the edge of a thunderstorm, when the strong wind may die down. It is not uncommon to see clear, sunlit skies behind a tornado.

The following are facts about tornadoes:

☆The average forward speed of a tornado is 30 MPH, but may vary from still to 70 MPH. Debris is picked up or a cloud forms in the funnel.

☆The average tornado moves southwest to northeast, but tornadoes have been known to move in any direction. Tornadoes are most often reported east of the Rocky Mountains during spring and summer months.

☆Tornadoes can happen together with tropical storms and hurricanes as they move onto land. Waterspouts are tornadoes that form over water.

☆Peak tornado season in the southern states of America is March through May; in the northern states, it is late spring through early summer. Tornadoes are most likely to occur between 3 p.m. and 9 p.m., but can occur at any time.

8. From the passage, we learn that tornadoes come from ______.

A. hurricanes B. great heat

C. thunderstorms D. sandstorms

9. Which of the following scenes may NOT be seen before the coming of a tornado?

A. The wind may die down. B. A clear and sunlit sky may appear.

C. The air may become still. D. Its position may be marked by clouds.

10. According to the passage tornadoes ______.

A. only happen in the late hours of the day B. only move from southwest to northeast

C. may form over sea water D. often move at a speed of 70 MPH

11. The passage makes us believe that ______.

A. tornadoes warning systems are well-developed in many countries

B. of all the natural disasters, tornadoes cause the greatest damage

C. tornadoes are mostly seen in the southern states of America

D. tornadoes may strike so quickly that there is often little or no warning

【答案】8. C    9. B    10. C    11. D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是龙卷风的形成及其特点等相关信息。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据首段中的“A tornado appears as a rotating, funnel-shaped (漏斗形的) cloud that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground with whirling winds that can reach 300 miles per hour.(龙卷风表现为一种旋转的漏斗状云，从雷暴中延伸到地面，风速可达每小时300英里。)”可知，龙卷风是一种漏斗状云，从雷暴延伸到地面，结合第三段中的“Tornadoes generally occur near the edge of a thunderstorm, when the strong wind may die down.(龙卷风通常发生在雷暴边缘附近，这时强风可能会减弱。)”可知，龙卷风通常发生在雷暴边缘，综合以上信息可知，龙卷风来自于雷暴。故选C项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It is not uncommon to see clear, sunlit skies behind a tornado.(看到龙卷风后晴朗、阳光明媚的天空并不罕见。)”可知，龙卷风过后，会见到晴朗、阳光明媚的天空，所以在龙卷风前，不会见到晴朗、阳光明媚的天空。故选B项。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Tornadoes can happen together with tropical storms and hurricanes as they move onto land. Waterspouts are tornadoes that form over water.(龙卷风在向陆地移动时可能与热带风暴和飓风一起发生。水龙卷是在水上形成的龙卷风。)”可知，水龙卷是一种在水上形成的龙卷风，所以有些龙卷风是在水上形成的。故选C项。

【11题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At many times, tornadoes develop so rapidly that little, if any, advance warning is possible.(很多时候，龙卷风发展得如此之快，即使是有预警，发布预警是不可能的。)”可知，龙卷风来的如此之快，以至于预警是不可能的，所以这篇文章让我们相信，龙卷风可能来得如此之快，以至于很少或根本没有预警。故选D项。

D

It is often said the laughter is the best medicine. But researchers at the University of Oxford think the ability to belly laughs (捧腹大笑) was unique to early humans. This, they believe, made our ancestors (祖先) able to form much larger groups.

The researchers first tested the pain thresholds (临界值) of some volunteers. They divided them into two groups. One group was shown15 minutes of comedy videos, while the other was shown boring programs.

Through this experiment, the researchers found that those who had recently experienced belly laughs were able to withstand (忍受) up to 10% more pain than they had done before watching the videos. To their surprise, the scientists also found that the other group was less able to withstand pain after watching 15 minutes of the “boring” programs.

Professor Robin Dunbar of Oxford University, who led the research, believed that belly laughs release chemicals called endorphins (安多芬) into the body which make us feel less painful.

However, not all comedy programs had such effects, according to Prof Dunbar. For example, though clever stand-up comedy was found to be enjoyable, it had no effect on raising pain thresholds. “Things that worked very well were interesting comedies such as Mr. Bean. Situation comedies such as Friends also seemed to be particularly successful,” he added.

In order to measure (测量) endorphin levels, the researchers put a bag of ice on the volunteers’ arms to see how long they could withstand them. They found that the greater the increase in pain thresholds, the greater the amount of endorphins produced.

The purpose of Prof Dunbar’s study was not to develop a new treatment. Instead, it was to study the role of laughter in the forming of human societies two million years ago.

“The next stage will be to see whether laughing really allows people to keep together and work as a group better and be more friendly towards each other. If that is the case, then it may explain why some two million years ago, the first humans were able to form large communities of up to 100,” Dunbar added.

12. Prof Dunbar’s study was to __________.

A. test the pain thresholds of humans

B. measure the endorphin levels while laughing

C. develop a new kind of medicine that reduces pain

D. explore the influence of laughter in forming human societies

13. In order to withstand more pain, we’d better _________ .

A. watch some scary films B. watch some beautiful pictures

C. watch some boring programs D. watch some comedy videos

14. The meaning of the underlined word “release” in the passage may be ________.

A. look out B. stand out C. find out D. give out

15. What can we know from the last paragraph?

A. More experiments about laughter will be carried out.

B. Laughter makes people keep together and work as a group.

C. People who laugh a lot are more friendly towards each other.

D. The first humans could only form small communities less than 100.

【答案】12. D    13. D    14. D    15. A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是牛津大学的研究人员进行的一项关于笑声的研究，目的是为了探索笑声在人类社会形成中的影响。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The purpose of Prof Dunbar’s study was not to develop a new treatment. Instead, it was to study the role of laughter in the forming of human societies two million years ago.(邓巴教授研究的目的不是开发一种新的治疗方法。相反，它是为了研究200万年前笑声在人类社会形成中的作用。)”可知，Dunbar教授研究的目的是研究笑声在人类历史社会形成中的作用。故选D项。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Through this experiment, the researchers found that those who had recently experienced belly laughs were able to withstand (忍受) up to 10% more pain than they had done before watching the videos.(通过这个实验，研究人员发现，那些最近经历过捧腹大笑的人比看视频之前多承受了10%的痛苦。)”可知，那些捧腹大笑的人比看视频前多承受10%的疼痛，结合“To their surprise, the scientists also found that the other group was less able to withstand pain after watching 15 minutes of the “boring” programs.(令他们惊讶的是，科学家们还发现，另一组人在看了15分钟的“无聊”节目后，忍受疼痛的能力下降了。) ”可知，研究同时发现，那些看了“节目”的人承受疼痛的能力下降了，由此可知，我们要想多承受疼痛，应该看一些喜剧视频。故选D项。

【14题详解】

词义猜测题。根据划线单词后的“chemicals called endorphins (安多芬) into the body which make us feel less painful.(一种叫做安多芬的化学物质进入体内，使我们感觉不那么痛苦。)”可知，此处指的是研究发现，大笑会产生一种作用，使得一种叫做安多芬的化学物质进入到我们体内，使我们不觉得那么疼痛，由此可知，划线单词release的意思与“释放”意义相近，give out意为“释放”。故选D项。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据尾段中的“The next stage will be to see whether laughing really allows people to keep together and work as a group better and be more friendly towards each other.(下一个阶段将是看看笑是否真的能让人们团结在一起，更好地作为一个团队工作，彼此之间更友好。)”可知，接下来将会研究大笑是不是能让人们团结在一起，更好地作为一个团队工作，以及彼此之间会不会更友好，由此可知，接下来对大笑进行的研究会有很多。故选A项。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Discover Your Talent

Talent tends to refer to that inborn skill that everyone seems to be born with. ___16___. It’s good to try and identify and practice that skill.

Revisit your childhood. A good way to figure out where your talents lie is to go back to your childhood. ___17___. This is often the time when you had plans that weren’t limited by what people tend to think of as ‘reality’.

Consider what it is you do when you lose track of time. One of the chief things you can do is focus on what you love to do so much that you have a tendency to forget everything else for a while. ___18___. You might have to research a bit deeper into the things you enjoy to discover what makes you feel satisfied.

___19___. Sometimes, when you’re having difficulty seeing clearly, it’s good to get an outside opinion. Your friends and family members know you well and they should be able to offer you some insights into the areas they think you’re talented in.

Try new things. Especially if you’re not sure what your talents might be, you should get out and try new things. This way you’re more likely to hit on what it is that you’re really good at and that really makes you happy. ___20___. In your quest for your own talent you should look into the talents of other people.

A. Consider what you loved to do as a child

B. Ask others for better advice

C. You can use your talents in the service of kindness

D. Focus on the areas that you’re less talented in

E. Not all talents are going to be super obvious

F. Observe and enjoy the talents of other people

G. It’s true that having a talent can help you in life

【答案】16. G    17. A    18. E    19. B    20. F

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何发现自己的天赋的几点建议。

【16题详解】

根据本空后的“It’s good to try and identify and practice that skill.”可知，识别和练习这种技能是很好的，此处是说拥有天赋的好处，故G项（的确，拥有一种天赋在生活中会帮助你）符合语境。

【17题详解】

根据本空前的“A good way to figure out where your talents lie is to go back to your childhood.”可知，要想知道你在哪方面有天赋，一个好办法就是回到你的童年时代，此处承接上文，故A项（想想你小时候喜欢做什么）符合语境。

【18题详解】

根据本空后的“You might have to research a bit deeper into the things you enjoy to discover what makes you feel satisfied.”可知，你可能需要深入研究你喜欢的事情才能发现什么让你感到满足，此处是说有时候才能不是那么容易被发现的，故E项（并不是所有的天赋都是显而易见的）符合语境。

【19题详解】

根据本空后的“Sometimes, when you’re having difficulty seeing clearly, it’s good to get an outside opinion.”可知，当你看不清楚的时候，最好听听外界的意见，本段讲的是要寻求他人的建议，故B项（向别人征求更好的建议）符合语境。

【20题详解】

根据本空后的“In your quest for your own talent you should look into the talents of other people.”可知，追求自己的天赋时，你应该看看别人的天赋，此处讲的是有关别人的天赋，故F项（观察并欣赏他人的才能）符合语境。

第三部分  语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second_____21_____. He learned the value and beauty of ____22____ there from a very young age.

When he was 16, Molai began to notice something ____23____ happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the ____24____ it caused had driven away a number of birds. ____25____, the number of snakes had declined as well. He ____26____ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the ____27____. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek ____28____ during the daytime. He turned to the ____29____ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and _____30_____a nearby island where he began to plant trees.

____31____ young plants in the dry season was ______32______for a lone boy. Molai built at the _____33_____ of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to______34______ rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.

Molai _____35_____ to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.

21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice

22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge

23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward

24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage

25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise

26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted

27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust

28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter

29. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance

30. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed

31. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding

32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial

33. A. back B. top C. foot D. side

34. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect

35. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued

【答案】21. C    22. A    23. C    24. D    25. A    26. B    27. B    28. D    29. C    30. B    31. C    32. A    33. B    34. D    35. D

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。

【21题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。

【22题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。

【23题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. generous慷慨的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。

【24题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。

【25题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。

【26题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。

【27题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。

【28题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。

【29题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。

【30题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。

【31题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。

【32题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。

【33题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。

【34题详解】

考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。

【35题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The day began like any other on Goldshore Beach. People were walking, running or simply sitting on the sandy beach, ____36____ (enjoy) the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair ___37___ Sabrina, one of the happy ____38____ (tour), noticed something odd. She had just ____39____ (learn) about tsunamis in a Geography lesson. ____40____ immediately occurred to her that these were signs of ___41___ approaching tsunami.

Sabrina was ____42____ (frighten), but she soon kept her head. She warned her parents ____43____ the danger, though at first they just thought she was joking. However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was on its way and kept asking her parents ____44____ (talk) to a safety officer. To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger. The beach _____45_____ (clear) of people rapidly, just before the huge waves crashed into the coast.

【答案】36. enjoying   

37. when    38. tourists   

39. learnt##learned   

40. It    41. an   

42. frightened   

43. of    44. to talk   

45. was cleared

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了小女孩Sabrina用海啸知识帮助大约100多人逃离危险的故事。

【36题详解】

考查现在分词。句意：人们走路，跑步或只是坐在沙滩上，享受温暖的海洋空气和柔和的风吹拂着头发，这时快乐的游客之一萨布丽娜注意到一些奇怪的东西。分析可知空处作伴随状语，与People之间是主动关系， 应用现在分词，故填enjoying。

【37题详解】

考查固定句式。句意：人们走路，跑步或只是坐在沙滩上，享受温暖的海洋空气和柔和的风吹拂着头发，这时快乐的游客之一萨布丽娜注意到一些奇怪的东西。此处为固定句型be doing...when...，正在做……，这时（突然）某事发生，故填when。

【38题详解】

考查名词复数。句意：人们走路，跑步或只是坐在沙滩上，享受温暖的海洋空气和柔和的风吹拂着头发，这时快乐的游客之一萨布丽娜注意到一些奇怪的东西。根据空前one of可知，空处应为可数名词复数形式，且指人，表示“游客”，故填tourists。

【39题详解】

考查过去完成时态。句意：她刚刚在地理课上了解了海啸。分析可知，本句为过去完成时态，空处应为过去分词，故填learnt/learned。

【40题详解】

考查形式主语。句意：她立刻想到，这些是海啸即将来临的迹象。分析可知空处应为形式主语，it occurred to sb that为固定句型，表示“某人突然想到……”，故填It。

【41题详解】

考查冠词。句意：她立刻想到，这些是海啸即将来临的迹象。根据空后的approaching tsunami可知，空处应为冠词，此处表示泛指，且approaching为元音音素开头的单词，故填an。

【42题详解】

考查形容词。句意：萨布丽娜很害怕，但她很快就保持头脑清醒。分析可知空处应为形容词作表语，修饰人，表示“感到害怕的”，故填frightened。

【43题详解】

考查固定短语。句意：她警告她的父母注意危险，尽管起初他们只是认为她在开玩笑。warn sb of sth表示“警告某人注意某事”，故填of。

【44题详解】

考查不定式。句意：然而，萨布丽娜确信一场可怕的灾难即将来临，并不断要求她的父母与安全官员交谈。ask sb to do sth表示“要求某人做某事”，故填to talk。

【45题详解】

考查被动语态。句意：海滩上的人很快就被清场了，就在巨浪冲击海岸之前。分析可知，clear与主语beach之间为被动关系，且事情发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was cleared。

第四部分  写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)

46. 假定你是李华，写一封信给你的朋友Tom，向他阐述保护野生动物的重要性、人类活动对野生动物的伤害和保护野生动物的方法。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 书信必须涵盖所有要点；

2. 可以适当使用连词和过渡句，以使行文连贯。

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】One possible version,

Dear Tom,

I’m very glad that you also like animals. As we all know, wildlife is a friend of human beings and an important part of the natural ecosystem.

However, many wild animals are facing the danger of extinction because the environment that they are living in has changed greatly. For example, with the development of cities, their living areas have become narrower and narrower. Besides, man is killing off species just for getting their fur, skin, horns, teeth and meat.

In my opinion, the government should keep people from destroying forests and shut down the factories which pollute rivers and air. Moreover, national parks should be set up as wild life reserves.

Do you have more useful suggestions on how to protect wild life? Looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

【解析】

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友Tom写一封信，向他阐述保护野生动物的重要性、人类活动对野生动物的伤害和保护野生动物的方法。

【详解】1.词汇积累

高兴的：glad →delighted

面临：face →be faced with

此外：besides →in addition

建议：suggestion →advice

2.句式拓展

同义句替换

原句：As we all know, wildlife is a friend of human beings and an important part of the natural ecosystem.

拓展句：It is known to us all that wildlife is a friend of human beings and an important part of the natural ecosystem.

【点睛】【高分句型1】However, many wild animals are facing the danger of extinction because the environment that they are living in has changed greatly.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句以及that引导的定语从句）

【高分句型2】Do you have more useful suggestions on how to protect wild life?（运用了“疑问词+to do”结构作宾语）

第二节 读后续写(满分25分)

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

My school had a tradition during the ninth-grade graduation: a beautiful gold and green jacket (the school colors), was awarded to the student who had maintained the highest grades for nine years.

I had been a straight A student since the first grade and had looked forwards very much to owning that jacket. My father was a farm laborer who couldn't earn enough money to feed five children. I was given to my grandparents to raise. There would never be a school sports jacket for us. This scholarship jacket was my only chance.

One day in May, I happened to overhear in the office. Mr. Schmidt, my history teacher, and Mr. Boone, my math teacher arguing about me. “I refuse to do it! I don't care who her father is；her grades can't match Martha's at all. I won't lie or falsify (伪造)records.” said Mr. Schmidt angrily.

But Mr. Boone's voice sounded calm. “Joann's father is not only on the Board (董事会), he owns the only store in town: we could say it was a close tie and…”

Shaking and sad, I, waited a few minutes and walked away.

The next day when the principal called me into his office. “Martha,” he said, “There's been a change in policy this year regarding the scholarship jacket. This year the Board has decided to charge fifteen dollars, which still won't cover the complete cost of the jacket. So if you are unable to pay the money for the jacket, it will be given to the next one in line.”

Standing with all the dignity I could find, I said，“I'll speak to my grandfather about it, sir, and let you know tomorrow.” I cried on the way home.

注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1:

By the time I got home my eyes were red and swollen. I found my grandpa in the bean field.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

I dragged into the principal’s office the next day, sad and disappointed.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】Paragraph 1：

By the time I got home my eyes were red and swollen. I found my grandpa in the bean field. Sensing something wrong, he asked me what happened with great concern. I murmured the principal’s words, a surge of regret gnawing at my heart. I really hated to see my gray-haired Grandpa’s disappointment. Grandpa’s eyes rounded in disbelief. Time ticking by, he heaved a long sigh, “My child, an award bought can’t be called an award.” I nodded understandingly. But who knew how reluctant and bitter I was?

Paragraph 2：

I dragged into the principal’s office the next day, sad and disappointed. My head still lifted with dignity, I tried to fight back the tears, stammering, “I cannot…afford the jacket, sir.” Staring into my eyes, the principal suddenly grinned, “I have good news for you.” I looked at him in confusion. “The board decided that an award cannot be bought just for the sake of winners’ dignity.” His eyes brimmed with smiles. I pinched my hand only to find I was not dreaming. Only at that moment did I believe that Mr. Schmidt and my grandpa were right: never can awards be falsified or bought. (162 words)

【解析】

【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的学校在九年级的毕业典礼上会奖励一件漂亮的金绿色的夹克给9年来成绩最好的学生，作者一直是优等生，渴望得到那件夹克，但是偶然听到Mr. Schmidt老师和校长争论夹克到底给她还是Joann。后来祖父告诉作者买来的奖不能叫奖。校长最后也把夹克奖给了作者。

【详解】1.段落续写：

①.由第一段首句内容“当我回到家时，我的眼睛又红又肿。我在豆地里找到了祖父。”可知，第一段可描写作者告诉了祖父发生的一切，祖父告诉作者买来的奖不能叫奖。

②.由第二段首句内容“第二天，我拖着沉重的脚步走进校长办公室，既伤心又失望。”可知，第二段可描写作者伤心地告诉校长自己买不起夹克，但是校长最后还是把夹克奖给了作者。

2.续写线索：找到祖父——告诉发生的事——作者心理情绪——祖父叹息感慨——走到校长办公室——告诉校长买不起——校长更改主意——作者得到夹克

3.词汇激活

行为类

①.低声说：murmur/ say in a low voice/ mutter

②.看着：stare into/ look at/ watch

情绪类

①.难以置信：in disbelief/ incredibly/ unbelievably

②.失望：disappointment/ despair/ frustration

【点睛】[高分句型1]. Sensing something wrong, he asked me what happened with great concern. （运用了现在分词作状语）

[高分句型2]. I pinched my hand only to find I was not dreaming.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句作find的宾语）

[高分句型3]. Only at that moment did I believe that Mr. Schmidt and my grandpa were right: never can awards be falsified or bought.（运用了部分倒装句和由that引导的宾语从句作believe的宾语）

听力答案：1-5 ACBCC    6-10 CABCC    11-15 BBCBC  16-20 ACACB