初中英语2024届中考直接引语与间接引语专项复习（考点清单+精题精练）

这是一份初中英语2024届中考直接引语与间接引语专项复习（考点清单+精题精练），共3页。
一、直接引语与间接引语的特点
1.直接引语的特点。
被引用的话放在引号内;
被引用的话是原话,不作任何改动;引用的话之前用“，”;
引用的话结束后，需用“.”“!”“?”等标点符号;
引出直接引语的引述动词常为say(说道)、 ask(问道)、shut(喊道)、cry(喊道)、rder(命令)、add(补充道)、smile(微笑道)、laugh(大笑道)等。
2.间接引语的特点。
在引述谓语和被引用的话语之间不用逗号、冒号、引号等;有时态的变化;
有人称、时间、地点等的变化;
常用的引述动词有say(说道)、ask(问道)、 shut(喊道)、cry(喊道)、rder(命令)、add(补充道)、smile(微笑道)、laugh(大笑道)等。
二、直接引语与间接引语的转换………
3.人称的变化。
直接引语变为间接引语时,直接引语中的代词要根据句意、情景进行变化:直接引语中的第一人称代词变为间接引语时要按引述动词的主语的人称变化;直接引语中的第二人称代词变为间接引语时要按引述动词的宾语的人称变化，如果引述动词没有宾语，也可以用第一人称;直接引语中的第三人称代词变为间接引语时其人称一般不需要变化。概括为一句话原则为“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”。
4.时态的变化。
(1)时态变化的情况
如果主句为过去的某种时态,则间接引语的时态应相应向前推一个时态，如下表所示:
(2)时态不需要变化的几种情况
A.主句中谓语动词的时态如果是现在时或将来时,则间接引语中的时态和原直接引语的时态一样,不作改变。
B.直接引语有确定的过去时间时。
C.只着眼于转述事实，而不侧重动作先于转述动作的时间时。
D.所转述的动作或状态说话时仍在继续，并对此点加以强调时。
E.所转述的是自然现象、科学真理、名言警句等,并对此加以强调时。
5.指示代词的变化。
直接引语中的this在变为间接引语时应改为that，these改为thse。但是在说话者的当时、当地转述时,this、that不用改变。
6.时间状语的变化。
7.地点状语的变化。
直接引语中的地点状语here变为间接引语时应改为there, ver here改为 ver there。
8.方向性动词的变化。
直接引语中的方向性动词bring变为间接引语时应改为take，cme 改为 g。
9.句式的变化。
①直接引语为陈述句,转化为间接引语时，变成由that引导的宾语从句,that可以省略。引述动词主要为say(说)、tell(告诉)、 answer(答道)、reply(答道)、think(认为)、 believe(相信;认为)、suggest(建议)、advise(建议)等。
② 直接引语为疑问句变为间接引语时，必须用陈述句语序，句末用句号。引述动词常用ask(问)、wnder(想知道)、dn't knw(不知道)、want t knw(想知道)、be nt sure(拿不准)等。
③直接引语为祈使句,变为间接引语时，需将祈使句的谓语动词变成不定式,作宾语补足语,否定句需要在不定式前加上 nt。原引述动词say需改为ask(让)、tell(告诉)、rder(命令)、warn(警告)、advise(建议)等。
④ 直接引语为感叹句,变为间接引语时，可用what或hw引导,也可用that引导。
【精题精练】
根据提示完成句子(每空一词)
1.“I never eat meat," he saiD.
He said______ never______ meat.
2.The teacher said,“The sun rises in the east and ges dwn in the west.”
The teacher said that the sun______ in the east and______ dwn in the west.
3.“Where have yu been these days?" he askeD.
He asked me______ ______ ______ ______ ______ days.
4.“Stp making s much nise, children," he saiD.
He______ the children______ ______ making s much nise.
5.The by said t us, “I usually get up at six every day.”
The by tld us that______ usually ________ up at six every day.
6.“Where des yur chemistry teacher live, Jane?” the yung man askeD.
The yung man asked Jane where________ ________ ________ ________ .
7.Mary asked me, “Will yu g t the cncert with me this evening?”
Mary asked me ________ ________ wuld g t the cncert with________ ________ evening.
8.“Dn't smke in the meeting rm!" he said t Tm.
He________ Tm________ ________ ________ in the meeting rm.
9.“Are yu busy ding yur hmewrk nw?” he askeD.
He asked me ________ I was busy ding my hmewrk________ .
10.She said,“My brther wants t g with me.”
She said________ brther________ t g with her.
11.They tld Mary, “We will help yu ut f truble.”
They tld Mary that they________ ________ ________ ut f truble.
12.Martin tld me, “I rang Alice yesterday.”
Martin tld me that he________ ________ Alice________ ________ ________ .
13.The teacher tld us, “The earth ges arund the sun.”
The teacher tld________ ________ the earth ________ arund the sun.
14.Kerry tld me,“These phts were taken ten years ag.”
Kerry tld me that________ phts________ ________ ________ ten years________ .
15.The by said, “This is the first time I have been here.”
The by said________ ________ the first time he had been________ .
16.Bridget said, “D all f yu ften write t yur parents?”
Bridget asked________ all f us ften wrte t________ ________ .
17.“Cme in and sit dwn, please!” Bb said t us.
Bb________ us________ ________ in and sit dwn.
18.Hayley said t me, “I will see yu at the same place tmrrw.”
Hayley tld me that she________ see me at the same place________ ________ ________ 。
19.Chle said, “The stry tk place in the 1930s.”
Chle said that the stry________ ________ in the 1930s.
20.My sister asked me, “Culd yu bring the chairs upstairs?”
My sister asked me________ I culd________ the chairs upstairs.
21.I asked Sally, “Will yu stay with me r g by yurself n a picnic?”
I asked Sally ________ she wuld stay with me r g by ________ n a picniC.
22.“Try ne mre time and see what will happen,” the teacher said t us.
The teacher________ that we________ try ne mre time and see what________ happen.
23.“I am having supper," he saiD.
He said that________ ________ ________supper.
24.My friend asked me, “D yu help yur parents with the husewrk n weekdays?”
My friend asked me_________ I________ ________parents with the husewrk n weekdays.
25.The teacher said, “Dn't cheat in exams, children.”
The teacher tld the children________ ________ cheat in exams.
26.The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the mn.”
The teacher said________ the sun________ bigger than the mn.
27.“I met her yesterday," he said t me.
He tld me that he________ ________ her the day.
28.“Yu must cme here befre five," he saiD.
He said that I had t________ ________ befre five.
29.“I finished writing the reprt tw weeks ag," she saiD.
She said that she________ ________ writing the reprt tw weeks________ .
30.He said, “I have always wanted t cme here.”
He said________ ________ ________ always wanted t________ ________ .
直接引语
间接引语
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
一般过去时
过去完成时
现在完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去进行时
过去完成时