辽宁省沈阳市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份辽宁省沈阳市2021年中考英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了单项填空，完形填空，阅读理解，回答问题，阅读填空，综合阅读，阅读与表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

沈阳市2021年初中学业水平考试
英语 试卷
（考试时间 100 分钟 试题满分100分）
第一部分 选择题（三大题;共38分）
一、单项填空（共10小题，每小题0.5分;满分5分）
从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Lin Tao plays ________ guitar in the school band.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：林涛在学校乐队弹吉他。
考查冠词辨析。a是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前面；an是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前面；the是定冠词，表特指。play和乐器词连用，需用定冠词；play the guitar弹吉他，故选C。
2. Jack is only four years old. He is too young to look after ________.
A. herself B. itself C. yourself D. himself
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：杰克只有四岁。他太小了，不能照顾自己。
考查反身代词，herself她自己；itself它自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己。注意到这里主语是he，可知应该用himself，故选D。
3. Bill has a great ________ of humour and often makes people laugh.
A. sense B. excuse C. pride D. dream
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：比尔有很强的幽默感，他总是让大家发笑。
考查名词辨析。sense感觉；excuse借口；pride骄傲；dream梦想。根据后文“...often makes people laugh”，可知是说他有幽默感，a sense of humor意为“幽默感”，故选A。
4. A candle does not produce as ________ light as a light bulb.
A. many B. much C. few D. little
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：蜡烛不能产生像灯泡一样多的灯光。
考查不定代词。many许多，修饰可数名词复数；much许多，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。此处修饰其后名词light，表示“多”，排除CD；light意为“灯光”时不可数，故选B。
5. Tomorrow I’m flying to Beijing. I ________ there for the following three weeks.
A. am B. have been C. will be D. was
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：明天我将飞往北京。我将在那里呆三个星期。
考查时态辨析。for the following three weeks在接下来的三周内，是一般将来时的标志，可知用will be结构，故选C。
6. Tom’s old computer ran fast five years ago, but little by little it ________ really slow.
A. looked B. became C. sounded D. stayed
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：汤姆的旧电脑五年前运行得很快，但是逐渐地它变得很慢。
考查动词。looked看起来；became变得；sounded听起来；stayed保持。根据“little by little”可知，此处表示逐渐的变化，因此表示变得，故选B。
7. A team was ________ in the company to look into the problem.
A. set up B. caught up C. taken up D. lighted up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：公司成立了一个小组来调查这个问题。
考查动词短语辨析。set up设立/组建；caught up赶上；taken up开始从事；lighted up点燃。根据下文的目的“to look into the problem”，可知公司成立了一个小组，故选A。
8. ________ you want to watch television, I will turn it off now.
A. Since B. As C. Until D. Unless
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果你不看电视，我现在就关了。
考查从属连词。since自从；as当……时候；until直到；unless如果不。根据“I will turn it off now.”可知，此处应用unless引导条件状语从句，表示“你如果不看电视，我就关了”。故选D。
9. —Do you know ________
—In the 1960s.
A. where Havoc in Heaven was created B. when Havoc in Heaven was created
C. where was Havoc in Heaven created D. when was Havoc in Heaven created
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】句意：——你知道《大闹天宫》是什么时候创作的吗？——在20世纪60年代。
考查宾语从句。where Havoc in Heaven was created《大闹天宫》是在哪里创作的，陈述语序；when Havoc in Heaven was created《大闹天宫》是什么时候创作的，陈述语序；where was Havoc in Heaven created《大闹天宫》是在哪里创作的，疑问语序；when was Havoc in Heaven created《大闹天宫》是什么时候创作的，疑问语序。根据句意可知，空处的句子是宾语从句，应用陈述语序，故排除C、D项；根据答语“In the 1960s.”可知，应是问《大闹天宫》是什么时候创作的。故选B。
10. —To enjoy your holiday, you’d better find some ideas for a short trip in a travel guide.
—________
A. That’s a good idea B. You’re welcome
C. It doesn’t matter D. Don’t worry
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——为了能享受你的假期，你最好在旅行指南上找些短途旅行的好点子。——好主意。
考查情景交际用语。That’s a good idea那是个好主意；You’re welcome不用谢；It doesn’t matter没关系；Don’t worry别担心。根据前文是提议，可知此处是对别人的提议做出回应，故选A。
二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分；满分15分）
阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。
Billy’s mom had been asking him to clean the attic(小阁楼) for months. One Saturday, Billy was bored and decided it was _____11_____ to get the job done. He walked up the dirty stairs, _____12_____ the old door, and got right to work.
As Billy looked through boxes, walked through papers _____13_____ did some cleaning, he found all kinds of little treasures. He found old toys, many books and funny pictures of his parents. The pictures were taken _____14_____ they were younger. Billy found some of his own toys and clothes from when he was much _____15_____. He smiled. The attic certainly had lots of stories to _____16_____ about his family.
A small wooden box, lying in the far comer of the attic, caught Billy’s _____17_____. He went over and opened it. In it he found some old papers. One looked like a _____18_____. He took it out. As he looked _____19_____ at it, Billy discovered that the map showed a house—his house! Then Billy searched for where the map ______20______, and realized it was to his own bedroom!
He ran back down the stairs with the map ______21______ his hand. He was very excited now and sped into his room to find what he was sure would be a wonderful surprise. As he opened the door to his room, he smelled his ______22______ thing in the world: banana nut cakes. There, on the comer of his desk, was a plate of warm cakes and a tall glass of cold milk. Beside the plate was a ______23______ from his mom. “Thank you for ______24______ the attic,” it said. “I hope you enjoy this little ______25______ , too! Love, Mom.”
11. A. chance B. time C. turn D. choice
12. A. locked B. closed C. opened D. painted
13. A. or B. but C. so D. and
14. A. when B. though C. because D. how
15. A. older B. taller C. slower D. younger
16. A. tell B. care C. worry D. think
17. A. arm B. eye C. ear D. leg
18. A. card B. letter C. map D. photo
19. A. sadly B. closely C. carelessly D. proudly
20. A. put up B. set off C. led to D. took away
21. A. by B. under C. in D. of
22. A. favourite B. important C. interesting D. popular
23. A. picture B. book C. diary D. note
24. A. cleaning B. emptying C. building D. searching
25. A. toy B. treasure C. banana D. desk
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B
【解析】
【分析】本文主要讲述了Billy在打扫楼阁时，发现了各种各样的小宝贝，很是惊喜。
【11题详解】
句意：一个星期六，比利感到无聊，决定是时候把工作做完了。
chance机会；time时间；turn轮流；choice选择。“it was time to do sth.是时候做某事了”符合题意。故选B。
【12题详解】
句意：他走上脏兮兮的楼梯，打开旧门，马上开始工作。
locked锁住；closed关上；opened打开；painted画。根据“He walked up the dirty stairs,... the old door”可知这里表示上楼打开门。故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：当比利翻箱倒柜、走过文件、打扫卫生时，他发现了各种各样的小宝贝。
or或者；but但是；so所以；and并且。根据“翻阅文件、打扫卫生”是并列关系，用and即可。故选D。
【14题详解】
句意：这些照片是在他们年轻时拍的。
when当……时候；though虽然；because因为；how如何。根据“The pictures were taken...they were younger.”可知，这里用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。
【15题详解】
句意：比利发现了他更年轻时自己的一些玩具和衣服。
older更老；taller更高；slower更慢；younger更年轻。因为这些都是以前的东西，所以“更小的时候的玩具和衣服”更符合句意，故选D。
【16题详解】
句意：阁楼上肯定有很多讲述关于他家庭的故事。
tell告诉；care关心；worry担忧；think思考。根据前文的“had lots of stories”可知，这里表示，很多是讲述关于家庭故事的。故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：一个小木箱，位于阁楼的远角，吸引了比利的注意。
arm胳膊；eye眼睛；ear耳朵；leg腿。caught one’s eye吸引某人的注意力，符合题意。故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：其中一张看起来像地图。
card卡片；letter信件；map地图；photo照片。根据后文“Billy discovered that the map showed a house—his house”可知，此处发现的应该是地图，故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：当他靠近看时，比利发现地图上标出了一座房子——他的房子!
sadly悲伤地；closely接近地；carelessly粗心地；proudly自豪地。此处用副词“closely”来修饰动词look，形容看得很仔细。故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：然后比利寻找地图指向的地方，他意识到这是他自己的卧室!
put up张贴；set off出发；led to引到；took away带走。根据“Then Billy searched for where the map...”可知，这里填led to，表示“指向的地方”。故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：他手里拿着地图跑下楼梯。
by通过；under在下面；in在里面；of……。“in his hand”在他的手里，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：当他打开房间的门时，他闻到了世界上他最喜欢的东西：香蕉坚果蛋糕。
favourite最喜欢的；important重要的interesting有趣的；popular流行的。根据下文“banana nut cakes.”这里应该表示“他最喜欢的东西”。故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：盘子旁边是他妈妈的一张纸条。
picture图画；book书；diary日记；note纸条。根据后文“‘Thank you for...the attic,’ it said. ‘I hope you enjoy this little...too! Love, Mom.’”可知此处应该是妈妈给留的小纸条。故选D。
【24题详解】
句意：谢谢你打扫阁楼。
cleaning打扫；emptying清空；building建筑；searching搜寻。由上文第二段“did some cleaning”可知，这里表示“打扫房间”。故选A。
【25题详解】
句意：我希望你也喜欢这个小宝贝!
toy玩具；treasure财富；banana香蕉；desk书桌。根据“he found all kinds of little treasures.”可知这里B项和上文相对应。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共12小题，每小题1.5分；满分18分）
阅读短文，然后根据其内容从A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。
A
Famous Landmarks

The Great Wall of China was begun in 214 B.C.. It was built for preventing the enemies.
It is the largest building ever built. We can see it from space.

The Colosseum in Rome was opened in 80 A.D.It was sometimes filled with water for ship battles.


The Taj Mabal in India was built between 1630 and 1652. It is a grave for the wife of an Indian prince. It attracts lots of visitors every year.

The Eiffel Tower in Paris was completed in 1889. It was built for the 100th anniversary (周年纪念日) of the French Revolution (革命).

26. If you’d like to visit the Colosseum in Rome, you should go to ________.
A. China B. France C. India D. Italy
27. How long did it take Indians to build the Taj Mahal?
A Nearly 80 years. B. Almost 100 years.
C. About 22 years. D. Around 214 years.
28. Which building has nothing to do with fights?
A. The Great Wall. B. The Colosseum.
C. The Taj Mahal. D. The Eiffel Tower.
29. The description of the landmarks tells us that ________.
A. the Great Wall is the biggest building ever built
B. the Colosseum was opened to the public in 80 B. C.
C. the Taj Mahal was built for an Indian prince
D. people built the Eiffel Tower to remember Paris
【答案】26. D 27. C 28. C 29. A
【解析】
【分析】主要介绍了四个著名的地标：长城、古罗马斗兽场、泰姬陵和埃菲尔铁塔。
【26题详解】
细节理解题，根据题干中“visit the Colosseum in Rome”可知罗马在意大利，故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题，根据“The Taj Mabal in India was built between 1630 and 1652.”，印度的泰姬陵建于1630年至1652年间。可知花费了大约22年，故选C。
【28题详解】
细节理解题，根据“It is a grave for the wife of an Indian prince. It attracts lots of visitors every year.”可知泰姬陵是一个印度王子的妻子的坟墓，与打斗无关，故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题，根据“It is the largest building ever built.”，可知长城是有史以来最大的建筑，故选A。
B
Hello everyone! My name is George Smith and I’ve been a journalist (新闻记者) for 30 years. Yes, that’s a long time, isn’t it? I’m going to talk to you today about choosing journalism as a career.
I always wanted to be a journalist. I started a newspaper at school and worked on a student newspaper at university. I got a job as a journalist as soon as I finished university and I love my job till today.
Journalism is not for everyone. How can one be a good journalist?
You need to write well. You need to write in a way that is interesting to your audience. As a journalist, you will have to write for different audiences, so you need to be able lo change your style as well.
Journalists work very hard. It doesn’t matter if you are abroad, writing about a war or at home writing about local news. Journalists work long days and it can be very hard to find time to have a holiday.
You also need to be strong. What do I mean by that? Well, not everyone will like what you write. Sometimes people will say bad words about your work. You can’t be angry with these people. You have to try to take no notice of them and keep working.
You have to be good at talking to people too. Journalists find out most of their information by talking to people. Not everyone wants to talk to a journalist so you need to get people to trust you.
Being a journalist is a hard but great job. Now, are there any questions?
30 We can infer (推断)that George Smith always wanted to be a journalist ________.
A. when he was a young child B. after he finished university
C. until he had a good holiday D. before he wrote about a war
31. To become a good journalist, you should ________.
A. write funny things B. talk about local news
C. be mad with people D. make people listen to you
32. George Smith thinks his job is ________.
A. easy but boring B. worrying but nice
C. interesting but bad D. difficult but great
33. What is the best title of the text?
A. A lovely person B. A strong man C. A long career D. A writing skill
【答案】30. A 31. D 32. D 33. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇讲稿，分享了新闻记者乔治的工作感悟，以及介绍了新闻记者这个职业需要具备一些什么素养。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据“I always wanted to be a journalist. I started a newspaper at school and worked on a student newspaper at university”提及他一直想当新闻记者，在校期间就在从事相关工作，可推知他应该年少时就有此志向，故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“You need to write in a way that is interesting to your audience”，可知好的记者要有不同的写作风格吸引读者来听你的观点，故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Being a journalist is a hard but great job”，可知他认为这是一个艰难但是美好的工作，故选D。
【33题详解】
最佳标题。通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了新闻记者这一职业，故选C。
C
Do you know that the falcon (猎鹰) is among the fastest animals in the world? It can fly at a speed of about 200 miles per hour. You might think a bird that could fly so fast would be safe from most types of danger. Unfortunately, that is not true. By the 1970s, they had already been endangered. What was causing the number of falcons to drop so quickly?
In America, a pesticide, a chemical, called DDT was harming the falcon eggs. Luckily, DDT is no longer used. The number of falcons is rising now.
One unusual thing about falcons is that they like to make their nests (巢) in high places. In nature, they often nest on mountaintops and on the sides of cliffs (悬崖). Falcons have also got used to life in cities. They nest on tall buildings and bridges in cities. The height of these nests is from 50 to 200 feet in the air.
They also like to return to the same nesting place every year. Both the mother and father falcons help to raise the babies. The mother stays more time in the nest. The father hunts and brings back food for her and the babies.
Many people all around the country work very hard to help falcons live to adulthood. There are even video cameras fixed up in many places. This way, people can make sure the birds and their eggs stay protected. Falcons are lucky to have so many people who keep an eye on them.
34. What does the underlined word “pesticide” mean in Chinese?
A. 流感 B. 杀虫剂 C. 枪支 D. 捕猎网
35. According to the text, we know that ________.
A. falcons fly so fast that nothing can hurt them
B. falcons suddenly died out in the year 1970
C. people can’t find falcons’ nests in cities
D. baby falcons are brought up by their patents
36. What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of falcons?
A. Nervous. B. Hopeful. C. Curious. D. Unsure.
37. In which section (版)of a newspaper can we probably read the text?
A. SPORTS B. LIFE C. SCIENCE D. BUSINESS
【答案】34. B 35. D 36. B 37. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界上飞行速度最快的鸟类之一——猎鹰。文章介绍了是什么原因曾经使得猎鹰濒危，也详细介绍了猎鹰的生活习性等。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文“a chemical, called DDT was harming the falcon eggs”提及这是一种化学物品，会危及到猎鹰的蛋，可推测是杀虫剂，故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Both the mother and father falcons help to raise the babies”，可知猎鹰宝宝是由父母共同抚育的，故选D。
【36题详解】
观点态度题。根据“Many people all around the country work very hard to help falcons live to adulthood”和“This way, people can make sure the birds and their eggs stay protected”提及大家都很关注猎鹰的生存，可知作者对于猎鹰的未来是充满希望的，故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章是在详细介绍猎鹰的生活习性及现状等，可知可能会在科学版面读到，故选C。
第二部分 非选择题（四大题；共62分）
四、回答问题（共5小题，每小题2分；满分10分）
阅读图文，然后根据内容回答所提问题。
We often write short messages to family members, friends or classmates to remind them about something. Short messages are often written clearly in a few words. Here is an example.

18 Sept
Hi Jimmy
This is to remind you about our basketball game tomorrow evening.
I’ll meet you outside the club 8 p.m.
Don’t forget to wear your basketball shoes.
See you there!
Simon

38. Why do we often write short messages to people?
________________________________________
39. What is a short message usually like?
________________________________________
40. Who does Simon write the short message to?
________________________________________
41. Where will they meet at 8 p. m.?
________________________________________
42. Will they have their basketball game on 18 September?
________________________________________
【答案】38. To remind them about something.
39. It is usually written clearly in a few words.
40. Jimmy./He writes the short passage to Jimmy.
41. Outside the club./They will meet outside the club.
42. No, they will not（won’t）./No.
【解析】
【分析】文章举例说明如何给家人、朋友或同学写短信来提醒他们一些事情。
【38题详解】
根据“We often write short messages to family members, friends or classmates to remind them about something.”可知，我们经常给家人、朋友或同学发短信提醒他们一些事情故填To remind them about something.
【39题详解】
根据“Short messages are often written clearly in a few words.”可知，短消息通常用几个字写得很清楚。故填It is usually written clearly in a few words.
【40题详解】
根据“Hi Jimmy”可知，西蒙把短消息写给吉米的。故填immy./He writes the short passage to Jimmy.
【41题详解】
根据“I’ll meet you outside the club 8 p.m.”可知，我晚上8点在俱乐部外面等你。故填Outside the club./They will meet outside the club.
【42题详解】
根据“This is to remind you about our basketball game tomorrow evening.”这是为了提醒你明天晚上我们的篮球赛。可知，他们不会在9月18日举行篮球赛。故填No, they will not（won’t）./No.
五、阅读填空（共7小题，每小题1分；满分7分）
阅读短文，然后用短文括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
Jingzhe, or the awakening of the insects often falls in March in China.
The beginning of March _____43_____(bring) some unusual weather, as temperatures rise and rainfall comes with thunderstorms （雷雨）. According to classic Chinese writings, this thunder would wake up insects that had hibernated (冬眠) for the winter. _____44_____ (Them) would rise up from the earth and many other animals would also make their _____45_____ (one) appearance of the year. Soon, peach flowers would come out, while birds would sing _____46_____ (happy) from tree branches.
Chinese farmers place great importance on Jingzhe, since it marks the start of spring plowing (春耕), one of the _____47_____ (busy) times for farmers.
Spring _____48_____ (consider) to be the most valuable time of the year for farming. At the beginning of the year, farmers plow the soil, giving crops the best possible environment.
Another Jingzhe tradition is eating _____49_____ (pear). It is thought to be healthy to do so when the weather is changing.
【答案】43. brings
44. They 45. first
46. happily
47. busiest
48. is considered
49. pears
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍了惊蛰的含义以及人们的活动和传统。
【43题详解】
句意：三月初的天气有些不寻常，气温上升，暴雨伴随雷雨。bring带来，主语the beginning of March是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填brings。
【44题详解】
句意：它们将从地球上升起，许多其他动物也将在今年首次出现。them它们，是宾格形式，此处做主语，因此用主格形式，故填They。
【45题详解】
句意：它们将从地里起来，许多其他动物也将在今年首次出现。one一，此处表示首次出现，因此用one的序数词，故填first。
【46题详解】
句意：很快，桃花就开了，鸟儿在树枝上欢快地歌唱。happy高兴的，是形容词，修饰动词sing，用副词，故填happily。
【47题详解】
句意：中国农民非常重视惊蛰，因为它标志着春耕的开始，是农民最忙碌的时期之一。busy忙碌的，是形容词，one of the+形容词的最高级+复数名词，表示最……的……之一，因此用busy的最高级，故填busiest。
【48题详解】
句意：春天被认为是一年中最有价值的耕种季节。consider考虑，是动词，主语Spring与谓语动词consider之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，主语Spring是第三人称单数形式，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填is considered。
【49题详解】
句意：另一个惊蛰的传统是吃梨。pear梨，是名词，表示类别，用复数名词，故填pears。
六、综合阅读 (共10小题，每小题2分；满分20分)
阅读短文，然后按要求完成文后各小题。
A
Jason is interested in China. He has found some information about Chinese culture.
The abacus
The abacus was perhaps the earliest type of computer. People (A) started using it more than 4,000 years ago to do maths. It was used in ancient China, Rome, Egypt and Greece. Today (B) 一些人仍然使用它.
Kung fu
“Kung fu” is the popular name given to Chinese martial arts in the West. It refers to a number of different types of fighting that have developed (C) more than hundreds of years in China. These different styles are often called “schools”. One of the most famous schools is the Shaolin School. It comes (D) ________ the Shaolin Temple at Songshan in Henan Province.
TCM
Today when people in the West need medical help, they often choose (E) ________“new” kind of medicine that is actually quite old. They choose traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
TCM uses many different kinds of treatments. Herbal medicines are used, for example, to help bring balance to people. (F) Many of the treatments used in TCM have helped people for thousands of years. People can use Chinese medicine for almost any sickness they have.
50. 写出文中画线部分 (A) 和 (C) 的同义词或近义词：
________ ; ________
51. 将文中画线部分 (B) 译成英语：
_______________________________________________
52. 在文中 (D) 和 (E) 的空白处填入适当的单词：
________; ________
53. 将文中画线部分 (F) 改写为：
Many of the treatments used in TCM have helped people ________ thousands of years ________.
54. 从文中找出两个与中国文化相关的名词：
________; ________
【答案】50. ①. began ②. over
51. some people are still using it/some people still use it.
52. ①. from ②. a/the/this
53. ①. since ②. ago
54. ①. The abacus/Abacus ②. Kung fu
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了算盘、功夫和中医三种中国文化的相关知识。
【50题详解】
根据第二段“People started using it more than 4, 000 years ago to do maths”，可知是说4000多年前人们开始用它算数学，started表示“开始”，和begin同义；结合started是过去式，故填began。第三段“hundreds of years ”是概数，结合语境可知用more than表示超过数百年，和over“超过”同义。综合以上分析，故填began; over。
【51题详解】
一些人：some people；仍然：still；使用它：use it。由today和语境，可知本句用be doing现在进行时或一般现在时皆可；主语people是集合名词，相应动词用复数形式，故填：some people are still using it/some people still use it。
【52题详解】
根据题干“It comes…the Shaolin Temple at Songshan in Henan Province”，可知是来自河南省嵩山的少林寺；come from来自，是固定短语，故填from。根据题干“they often choose…‘new’ kind of medicine that is actually quite old”，可知是固定短语a kind of“一种”；结合下文“that is actually quite old”作medicine的后置定语，medicine是特指，也可用the或this，故填a/the/this。综合以上分析，故填from; a/the/this。
【53题详解】
根据题干“Many of the treatments used in TCM have helped people for thousands of years”，可知for连接一段持续的时间，for thousands of years表示几千年以来，和since…ago“自从……之前”表达相似的意思。故填since; ago。
【54题详解】
根据第一段“He has found some information about Chinese culture”，结合三个小标题，可知“The abacus…Kung fu…TCM”都是中华文化的代表，故填The abacus/Abacus; Kung fu。
B
For years, people thought that sleep was unimportant and inactive. Today, we know that sleep is important for good physical and mental (精神的) health. We have also learned that while a person is asleep, the brain is very active.
①By doing this they have learned that there are five stages of sleep. Stage one sleep is very light. During this time, a person wakes up easily. As we move into stage (A) ________, our eyes stop moving and our brain waves move more slowly. During stages three and four (often called “deep sleep”) , it is very hard to wake up a person. During this time, the body repairs itself and makes more cells (细胞). In children and young adults, the body makes a chemical used for growing. In the next stage-REM sleep-we begin to breathe faster and our eyes move around quickly, but (B) 我们的身体不动. During this stage, we dream.
The amount of sleep each person needs is different, and is often connected to age. ② (C) In general, babies need fifteen to sixteen hours of sleep a day. Children and teenagers need nine to ten hours, while adults need six to eight. Over time, not having enough sleep-especially deep and REM sleep-can cause one to become sick more easily. Doctors also think that REM sleep is very important for learning, thinking, and memory. ③
Scientists are continually learning more (D) ________ sleep, but one thing they know for sure is this: for humans, it is as important as food and water.
55. 在文中 (A) 和 (D) 的空白处填入适当的单词：
________; ________
56. 将文中画线部分 (B) 译成英语：
_________________________________________________.
57. 将文中画线部分 (C) 改写为：
In general, babies need to ________ fifteen to sixteen hours ________ a day.
58. 将 To understand sleep, scientists study brain waves. 填入文中，① ②③三处中最佳的位置是： ________
59. 从文中找出能说明本文主旨大意的中心词：
____________________
【答案】55. ①. two ②. about
56. Our bodies do not move/We don’t move ourselves
57. ①. spend ②. sleeping
58. ① 59. sleep
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文，短文通过对睡眠的五个阶段的介绍和对睡眠和年龄关系的研究，说明了睡眠对人的重要性。
【55题详解】
根据第二段“By doing this they have learned that there are five stages of sleep. Stage one sleep is very light”，可知这里是说第二阶段，故填two。根据题干“Scientists are continually learning more…sleep”，可知是说学习关于睡眠的知识，about sleep关于睡眠，故填about。综合以上分析，故填two; about。
【56题详解】
我们的身体：Our bodies；不动：not move。but连接并列结构，前后时态需一致，由begin是原形可知是一般现在时；联系move可知本句是主谓结构，bodies是复数人称，助动词需用do。故填Our bodies do not move/We don’t move ourselves。
【57题详解】
根据第三段“In general, babies need fifteen to sixteen hours of sleep a day”，可知婴儿通常一天需要15到16个小时的睡眠；spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”符合语境，故填spend; sleeping。
【58题详解】
根据第二段“By doing this they have learned that there are five stages of sleep”，可知本段介绍睡眠的五个阶段，To understand sleep, scientists study brain waves符合语境，故填①。
【59题详解】
根据短文内容，结合最后“for humans, it is as important as food and water”，可知本文介绍的是睡眠的重要性，中心词是“睡眠”，故填sleep。
七、阅读与表达（共2节，A节5分，B节20分；满分25分）
阅读短文，然后根据其内容从方框中选出可以填入空白处的短语。
all through the year any more got up in the trucks the more money
When I was a child. I lived on a fruit farm. We had lots of pear trees and some apple trees. We had to help my father _____60_____.
In late summer, the fruit was ready to be picked. At that lime of year, we _____61_____ at 4:30 in the morning, started picking at 5:00 and carried on working until late afternoon. My mother brought lunch for us. At the end of the day, we were all tired and sleepy.
My father got some workers to help pick the fruit. The more fruit they picked, _____62_____ they were paid. Lots of them loved eating free fruit. However, in the beginning, they would eat so much fruit that they would not want to eat _____63_____ for a long time .
At night, the trucks took the fruit to the markets to be sold. Sometimes we rode _____64_____ to the city. For farm boys, that was a very exciting time.
【答案】60. all through the year
61. got up 62. the more money
63. any more
64. in the trucks
【解析】
【分析】本文主要介绍了作者作为一个生活在农场的男孩，当水果成熟的时候他们的一系列活动。
【60题详解】
句意：我们一整年都得帮助我父亲根据前文“We had lots of pear trees and some apple trees”可知，我们有许多梨树和一些苹果树，我们需要全年帮助父亲，备选词all through the year符合语境，故填all through the year。
【61题详解】
句意：我们早上4:30起床。根据下文“started picking at 5:00 and carried on working until late afternoon”可知，早上4:30起床，5:00开始摘苹果，备选词got up 符合语境，故填got up。
【62题详解】
句意：他们摘的水果越多，得到的钱就越多。根据“The more fruit they picked”可知，句中使用了“the more... , the more...”的句型，备选词the more money符合语境，故填the more money。
【63题详解】
句意：他们会吃太多的水果，以至于他们在很长一段时间内都不想再吃了。根据“in the beginning, they would eat so much fruit that... ”可知，吃太多苹果以至于不想再吃了，固定短语not any more意为“不再”，备选词any more符合语境，故填any more。
【64题详解】
句意：有时我们坐卡车进城。根据“the trucks took the fruit to the markets to be sold”可知，有时候我们坐卡车进城，备选词in the trucks符合语境，故填in the trucks。
65. 假定你是李华，为了鼓励同学们积极参加劳动，获得足够的生活技能去面对成长道路上的挑战，学校英文社团请你写一封倡议信，内容包括：
1.倡议的原因；
2.倡议的内容（如做家务、参加学校劳动、参与社会劳动等）；
3.发出倡议。
注意：
1.词数80-100,开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；
2.短文须包括所给内容信息，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连 贯；
3.在文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实校名和姓名。
Dear fellow students,
We will finally grow up someday, leaving our patents and facing the challenges in life.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Dear fellow students,
We will finally grow up someday, leaving our parents and facing the challenges in life. We need to learn and practise some basic life skills because they can help build our working spirit.
Firstly, we can help do some housework, such as washing clothes or sweeping floors. Therefore, we can become more positive to face the future life. Secondly, cleaning classrooms is our duty. It is comfortable for us to study in such a clean environment. Thirdly, it's also a good idea to help pick up litter in our neighborhood. This can help us become more responsible.
All in all, let's take action now. A small action can make a big difference.
【解析】
【详解】1. 题干解读：本文是让你以李华的身份写一封倡议信，根据要点提示写作，鼓励同学们积极参加劳动。
2. 写作指导：本文写作时注意涵盖要点包括的三大项。主要以第一人称复数发出倡议，第三人称进行描述，时态以一般现在时为主。写作时注意层次分明，条理清晰，不要有拼写或语法错误。

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