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九年级英语上学期第一次月考（南京卷）-2023-2024学年九年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）
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这是一份九年级英语上学期第一次月考（南京卷）-2023-2024学年九年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版），共23页。试卷主要包含了全卷满分90分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023-2024学年上学期九年级第一次月考（南京专用）
英语
注意事项：
1.全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。
2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将 自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。
选择题（共40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．Eric is ________ energetic football player and he comes from ________ European country.
A．an, a B．an, an C．a, an D．a, a
2．—What do you think of the film ?
—It’s very good. We ________ praise it ________ much.
A．mustn’t; so B．needn’t; too C．couldn’t; so D．can’t; too
3．— Did you enjoy the outdoor training yesterday?
— No, not at all! I was ________ dead after so much hard training.
A．as good as B．as well as C．so good as D．so well as
4．— When is National Public Memorial Day（国家公祭日）?
— On December 13th. And the public can ________ the hard days in the past.
A．be reminded B．remind of C．be reminded of D．remind
5．The kind teacher devoted all her time she had ________ her students.
A．help B．to help C．helping D．to helping
6．—Would you like a cup of coffee or a bottle of juice?—______. I’d like some milk.
A．Either B．Both C．None D．Neither
7．—Do you believe _____________ man can live on Mars in the future.
—It’s hard to say. Scientists are still not sure _____________ we can grow plants on Mars.
A．if；that B．whether；if C．that；that D．that；whether
8． I don’t know when Kitty _________ tomorrow, and please give this message to her when she ____________.
A．comes; will come B．comes; comes
C．will come; will come D．will come; comes
9．David, get up early, ________ you’ll get to school on time.
A．but B．and C．after D．or
10．______Lily______Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.
A．Not only; but also B．Neither; nor
C．Both; and D．Either; or
11．—What should we pay attention to ________ mistakes during the exams?
—Some details.
A．avoiding making B．avoid to make C．to avoid making D．to avoid to make
12．—What did Mary say to you just now, Alan?
—She asked ________.
A．if I could go to the museum with her tomorrow B．why I am so sad today
C．who did I play volleyball with after school D．what will I do on the weekend
13．—Would you like coffee or tea?
—Well, I ________ coffee ________ milk.
A．prefer; to B．prefer; with C．like; better D．would; rather
14．—Many people think women are better at cooking than men.
—________. Most top cooks in the world are men.
A．I can’t agree more B．Exactly C．That’s not the case D．Not at all
15．Sam has sent the text message to ________.
A．tell Lily how to make a decision
B．check if Lily has time to buy a ticket
C．ask Lily where to buy theatre tickets
D．find out whether Lily will come or not
二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
An old man lived in a village. He was one of the rudest people in the world. The whole village disliked him. He was always 16 . He was always complaining and was always in a bad mood. When people tried to cheer him up, he would rudely turn them away.
The longer he lived, the more bad-tempered (坏脾气的) he became. People stayed away from him 17 his bad mood was contagious (传染性的). It was unusual to feel happy around him. He also 18 the rest of the village feel unhappy by behaving like this.
But one day, the day he turned 80 years old, an unbelievable thing 19 . The man’s mood changed. He was no longer rude or angry. 20 , he seemed to be calm and kind. The villagers said among themselves, “The old man is very happy today. He hasn’t 21 about anything. He is smiling, and his face looks kind.”
The whole village went to see the old man. They couldn’t believe that his mood could change so 22 . One of the villagers asked the old man, “What happened to you?”
“Nothing special has happened, in fact. I’ve been looking for 23 for 80 years, and it was no use,” the man said. “Then I 24 to live without happiness and just enjoy life. That’s why I’m happy now.”
It is important to 25 that your mood can influence the moods of those around you. Everyone has bad days sometimes. If someone tries to cheer you up, don’t be rude to them. Just try to accept their help.
16．A．lazy B．quiet C．unhappy D．useless
17．A．or B．so C．but D．because
18．A．made B．hoped C．asked D．forced
19．A．shaped B．created C．happened D．remained
20．A．Instead B．Although C．Otherwise D．However
21．A．cared B．talked C．worried D．complained
22．A．badly B．slowly C．suddenly D．clearly
23．A．darkness B．kindness C．carelessness D．happiness
24．A．failed B．decided C．forgot D．seemed
25．A．prove B．realize C．expect D．imagine
三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
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Linda
I feel like my 13-year-old daughter and I are in this terrible cycle. I ask her to do something. She doesn’t do it, so I ask her again, and she says yes but does nothing. I ask her again, not so nicely. She says I am nagging (唠叨) her and gets angry. I have never been a naggy type person, but she’s turning me into one! How should I get out of the situation?
Monk
Reply
Just take a deep breath and always remember don’t start a debate or a lecture when you’re filled with anger, which will only hurt the situation. Sometimes kids finish what they need to do with a guilty look later.
Like 12
Mike
Reply
According to my experience, such problems often begin with the fact that there is no agreement between parents and kids. I do suggest having some family meetings on a daily basis where all the family members can voice clearly expectations as well as give-and-take. Good luck!
Like 15
Serena
Reply
In my view, you should do what your parents ask. It is said that “In life, when you make a mess, you are supposed to clean it up,” It’s their house you live and their money you spend! Take action right now!
Like 10
Joe
Reply
Sounds like you’ve got lazybones at home? Here is how I solved my son’s problem. I told him I was offering paid service for some housework he can do. Every time I cleaned up his dishes, I charged him $5. Since my son is responsible for earning his own spending money, he quickly cleaned up.
Like 10
26．Why did Linda send her problem on the forum?
A．To complain about her daughter. B．To share her great experience.
C．To win her daughter’s trust. D．To get help from others.
27．Which is Mike’s view according to the text?
A．It is often the parent’s fault to cause the argument.
B．The mother should reach an agreement with the daughter right now.
C．It’s helpful to keep calm when you’re angry.
D．Communication on do and dont’s among family members is necessary.
28．Whose reply is not relevant (关联) to Linda’s problems?
A．Monk’s. B．Mike’s. C．Serena’s. D．Joe’s.
B
It is easy to get carried away in an argument. Having a rational (理性的) conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge. One way is to treat the other person with empathy (同理心).
The Empathy Challenge is an exercise created by Zoe Chance, senior lecturer at the Yale School of Management. At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence an Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively. In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you. “As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying (潜在的) values. Finally, you look for common ground as you reflect those values back. That’s it.”
Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try. As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. Through asking questions, Chance was able to empathize with them and realize they had similar feelings. One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish. The next man was a Russian immigrant crazy about freedom. The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity (真实性) was important in political leaders.
Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. And that’s the point of the exercise — to understand others as fellow human beings.
29．Which of the following does the Empathy Challenge practise?
A．Listening skills. B．Mastering skills
C．Communication skills. D．Problem solving skills.
30．According to Chance, what should people do when dealing with a disagreement?
A．Reflect their own values. B．Explain others’ position.
C．Share their similar feelings. D．Find common ground between two sides.
31．Why did the three men vote for Donald Trump?
A．Because of their life values. B．Because of Trump’s belief.
C．Because of their family background. D．Because of Trump's authenticity.
C
Shylock held his knife and told Antonio to get ready.
“Wait!” exclaimed Portia. “You will not do anything that is not written in the contract(合同). Is that right, Shylock?”
“Yes, that’s right,” said Shylock. He wondered what the wise young judge was going to say.
“Well,” said the young judge, “I have read the contract carefully, and it does not say anything about taking his blood. It says ‘a pound of flesh’. You can take your pound of flesh, but you may not take one drop of his blood. If you take any of his blood, the duke(公爵)will take everything you own!”
Now it was Graziano’s turn to bless the judge and call him wise.
“Did you hear that, Shylock ?” he asked, “What a wise judge.”
“You wanted justice(公正),” Portia told Shylock, “and you will have more justice than you wanted.”
Shylock didn’t want to give everything he owned to the duke. He decided not to take his pound of flesh. He said he would take the money.
“Give me ninety thousand dollars,” he said, “and I will have mercy on the Merchant(商人)and let him go.”
Bassanio was happy to give him the money. He was very pleased that his friend Antonio would not die.
Portia, however, had more to say, “Wait!” she said again. “He does not want the money. It is not written in the contract, and he said he would not do anything that was not written in the contract. Shylock, you can take your pound of flesh, just as the contact says. Why are you waiting?” she asked.
Shylock said he just wanted to have his money back. “Just give me the money I lend you. I wouldn’t even ask for interest(利息).” he said. He was beginning to feel sick. Bassanio was ready to give it to him, but again Portia stopped him.
32．What was Shylock NOT allowed to take?
A．Flesh. B．Blood. C．Mercy(怜悯). D．Interest.
33．How did Portia help Antonio?
A．By her cleverness. B．By her kindness.
C．With the support of her friends. D．With the help of her family.
34．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Graziano wanted to give the money to Shylock.
B．Shylock insisted that he would take a pound of flesh.
C．Portia asked Shylock to get the pound of flesh quickly.
D．Both Graziano and Shylock thought Portia was a wise person.
35．What can you infer(推断)from the passage?
A．Shylock didn’t get what he wanted.
B．Antonio lost his life according to the contact.
C．The duke took everything Shylock owned.
D．Portia didn’t come up with new ideas to help Antonio.
D
When you feel sick, you go to the doctor. She checks your fever, and asks what you’ve been thinking about recently. When you leave, she gives you not only some medicine but also a list of thinking skills that you are supposed to practice daily. She says that the way you think is causing some of your illness.
Doctors and scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way they do are called psychologists (心理学家). They are starting to believe that your brain is connected to every part of your body through your nervous system ( 神 经 系 统 ). Now scientists have proved that how you think and feel can have an influence on the health of your body. Stress can help us better understand this link(关联).
Stress is caused whenever there is a problem or a change in your life. In fact, stress is necessary, so everybody has stress more or less. Without stress, we would never learn anything or grow or change. But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body’s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases. It can even make you more likely to have an accident.
When you feel stressed, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical thing that speeds up your breathing and your heartbeat. And that’s what can do something bad to you. Therefore, how can you deal with stress? First, you can try to find ways to change things so you aren’t under so much stress. You can set up a plan to finish homework or go to a doctor or a psychologist to try to work things out with your family or your friends. But sometimes you can’t change a stressful situation. Sometimes you don’t even want to. A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful.
The link between your body and brain works in two ways. Your body can help your mind deal with stress. If you are under stress, you need to take especially good care of your body. It’s important to get enough sleep and eat nutritious ( 有 营 养 的 ) meals. Some people take a vitamin-mineral pill every day. Another thing that you can do is daily exercise. You can go running or jogging or do aerobic(有氧的) dancing or work out at the gym.
36．What does a psychologists often do?
A．Explain your nervous system like a teacher.
B．Treat all your diseases and improve your abilities.
C．Study your mind and try to explain your behavior.
D．Encourage you to do things.
37．What does the underlined word “weaken” mean?
A．减弱 B．保护 C．巩固 D．预防
38．How can we deal with the stress from the passage?
A．Set up a plan to finish the things you need to do such as homework.
B．Try to work things out with families or friends.
C．Get enough sleep and do daily exercise.
D．All above.
39．Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Everyone doesn’t need stress at all.
B．Stress can make people more likely to catch diseases.
C．We shouldn’t do any exercise if we are not under stress.
D．We can always change the stressful situation.
40．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The causes of disease B．Introduce the psychologist
C．Good ways to keep healthy. D．The connection between the body and brain.
非选择题（共50分）
四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
41．The （决定）doesn’t seem so good. You need to be thoughtful.
42．We can enjoy all the water sports, or （仅仅）lie on the beach.
43．Qian Xuesen is a great （开拓者）of China’s space technology.
44．Can you (想象) how regretful he was when he found you were his new boss?
45．Adults mustn’t leave the children under 6 in the car or at home (单独地) in Nanjing now because it is against the law.
B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
46．Thanks for your （value）suggestions. I will think about them as soon as possible.
47．Hobo would rather （go）shopping with his friends than stay at home.
48．Keeping stress to (you) may make you feel worse, Tom.
49．Many people are used to expressing their （think）and feelings on WeChat Moments.
50．My mother is already in her (forty), but she is still dreaming to go to university.
C）请根据短文内容,从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
chief accountant, falls behind, extra hours, day after day, respect
My uncle works in a big company. He is a hard-working and serious man. He works in the company as the 51 . It means he has to work with numbers. I think it boring to do that job 52 . But my uncle says he enjoys it very much. He devotes himself to his work and never minds working 53 . All the people in the company 54 him. Of course, his hard work leads to great success. And the company never 55 in the market competition.
五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分）
A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
Birth order-does it matter? Are you different because you are the first, second, or third child in your family-or maybe the last of nine?
A study found that first-borns have an average (平均) IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order, perhaps because first-borns often help younger brothers and sisters, which improves their own skills. In 2007, an international organization of CEOS found that 43% of CEOS are first-borns, 33% are middle children, and 23% are last-borns. First-borns are more likely (可能) to be doctors and astronauts and get higher pay.
If first-borns are more successful, last-borns are generally more agreeable. They are also more likely to be funny, possibly to get attention from all the bigger people at the dinner table. Mark Twain and Stephen Colbert were both the youngest in large families, and Jim Carrey was the youngest of four. According to a 2007 Time magazine, article, “The Power of Birth Order,” last-borns are more likely to be artists and successful businessmen.
Then there are the middle children: we have not ignored (忽视) them! Many middle children are short of one-on-one time with their parents. They often feel short-changed: the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is “spoiled (宠坏的)”. Though they may be ignored, middle children are more likely to grow into easygoing adults.
Many factors (因素) make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors.
Birth order helps make us 56 we are
First-borns
On average, people who were born 57 in the family are 58 than those who fall into a different place in the birth order.
59 younger brothers and sisters improves first-borns 'skill.
First-borns are more successful.
60 children
They feel short-changed, because they get 61 rights than the oldest and are less spoiled than the youngest.
They are more likely to be 62 adults.
Last-borns
They are good at 63 and business.
They are funny and it’s 64 for them to get attention from all the elder people at dinner.
They are 65 likely to be CEOs than first-borns and middle children.
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
Time passed. W 66 Eva, St Clare’s life was empty, but he started to think of Eva’s words about his slaves. One day he called Tom. “I’m going to make you f 67 ,” he said. He was upset when he saw the sudden light of joy in Tom’s face. He did not expect Tom to be so ready to leave him. “Are you so u 68 here? Am I not a good master?” he said. “No, no, master! You are a good master, but I’m happy b 69 I am a free man.” “Do you think that with your work you can earn the clothes and food and the life that I give you every day?” “No, I don’t. Master is too good. But I p 70 to have poor clothes, a poor house, poor everything, but to know that they are m 71 and not master’s.”
At that moment Miss Ophelia came in. “I want to talk about Topsy.” Topsy was a girl slave and a gift from St Clare to Miss Ophelia a few months earlier. “I need to ask you one thing: w 72 is this child?” “Well, I gave her to you,” said St Clare. “But not in law. I want her to be mine legally(合法的).” “Well, this is a surprise!” said St Clare. “I thought you were a 73 slavery(奴隶制度)! I didn’t want you to be a slave owner!” “Be serious, cousin! I want her to be mine, so I’ll have the r 74 to take her to the free states and give her freedom.” “I see,” said St Clare. He rapidly wrote a legal paper that said Topsy was a g 75 to Miss Ophelia. Then he signed it and gave it to her.
六、书面表达（满分15分）
76．在你的成长过程中, 母亲会给你的一生带来很大的影响, 请根据表格中的提示向读者介绍你的母亲, 具体要求如下：
年龄
40 多岁
职业
过去是工人；现在是当地工厂的一名总经理；
性格
工作高标准；
自信、勤奋 (举一例)
兴趣爱好
弹钢琴；
更喜欢……；认为……
最喜爱的颜色
红色，因为…… (至少一点)
我的感受
充满爱心，良师益友, …… (至少一点)
My mother has influenced me a lot since I was born.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：埃里克是一位精力充沛的足球运动员，他来自一个欧洲国家。
考查冠词用法。energetic是以元音音素开头，应用an；European是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故选A。
2．D
【详解】句意：——你觉得这部电影怎么样？——非常好。我们再怎么赞扬也不过分。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；couldn’t不能；can’t不能；so如此；too太。根据“It’s very good”可知这部电影非常好，此处是结构“can’t/couldn’t...too much”，意为“再……也不为过”，句子是一般现在时，此处用can’t。故选D。
3．A
【详解】句意：——你喜欢昨天的户外训练吗？—— 不，一点也不！经过这么多艰苦的训练，我几乎要死了。
考查固定搭配。as good as几乎，等同于；as well as和……一样好；so good as和……一样好，用于否定句；so well as和……一样好，用于否定句。根据“No, not at all!”可知，应该是说经过这么多艰苦的训练，我几乎要死了，结合选项，as good as 符合句意。故选A。
4．C
【详解】句意：——国家公祭日是什么时候？——12月13日。公众可以回忆起过去的艰难日子。
考查被动语态以及动词短语。remind sb. of sth.表示“使某人想起某事”，主语the public为动作的承受者，所以要用被动语态 “sb.be reminded of sth.”。故选C。
5．D
【详解】句意：这个善良的老师把她所有的时间都奉献出来帮助她的学生们。
考查动词短语。根据句意和“The kind teacher devoted all her time she had”可知，本句使用的短语是devote oneself/time/money to doing sth.“奉献某人的一生、时间、钱去做某事”，短语中的to 是一个介词，故后跟动名词的形式，所以空格处为to helping。故选D。
6．D
【分析】考点：考查不定代词。
【详解】试题分析：句意：你想要一杯咖啡还是一瓶橙汁？两样我都不想要，我想要一些牛奶。either的意思是两者中任意一种，both的意思是两者都，none三者三者以上都不，neither两者都不， a cup of coffee or a bottle of juice和I’d like some milk可知两者都不；故选D。
7．D
【详解】句意：你认为人类将来能在火星上生活吗？——很难说。科学家们还不能确定我们是否能在火星上种植植物。第一个句子believe后面接的是宾语从句，结合句意可知，从句并不是表示疑问，故由that来引导，在答语中not sure有不确定的意思 ，后面跟宾语从句时由if/whether来引导，表示有疑问，故答案为D。
点睛：宾语从句是中考必考的语法项目，主要考查三个方面的内容：语序，连接词和时态。
1. 语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式。
2. 连接词 1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。
3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。
3. 时态 含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：
1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。
2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。
3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。
8．D
【详解】句意：我不知道Kitty明天是否会来。当她回来时，请把这个消息给她。
考查宾语从句和时间状语从句。当when引导的时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，应该遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时表示将来。当when引导的是宾语从句，时态则要根据具体情况具体分析。根据“I don’t know”可知，此处是宾语从句，且从句时态是一般将来时；再者根据“give this message to he”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，故选D。
9．B
【详解】句意：David，早点起，你要按时到学校。
考查连词辨析。but但是；and和；after在……之后；or或者。根据“get up early…you’ll get to school on time”可知前后两句是顺承关系，用and连接。故选B。
10．D
【详解】此题重点考查四个短语的含义及其基本用法。not only…but also…表示不仅…而且；neither …nor表示既不…也不；both …and…表示两者都怎样either…or表示两者任何一个，或者…或者；其中not only…but also和both…and，neither…nor…和either…or…连接两个主语时谓语动词要用就近原则。根据one of them must stay at home可知是两者之一；故选D。
11．C
【详解】句意：——在考试期间我们应该注意什么以避免犯错误？——一些细节。
考查非谓语动词。“注意”的目的是为了避免犯错误，用动词不定式表目的；avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，故选C。
12．A
【详解】句意：——艾伦，玛丽刚才跟你说什么了？——她问我明天是否可以和她一起去博物馆。
考查宾语从句。if I could go to the museum with her tomorrow我明天是否可以和她一起去博物馆，陈述语序，一般过去时；why I am so sad today为什么我今天这么难过，陈述语序，一般现在时；who did I play volleyball with after school放学后我和谁一起打排球，疑问语序，一般过去时；what will I do on the weekend我周末将要做什么，疑问语序，一般将来时。宾语从句语序使用陈述语序，所以排除C和D；根据“She asked”可知，主句是一般过去时，所以从句部分也应使用一般过去时，遵循“主过从必过”原则，所以排除B。故选A。
13．B
【详解】句意：——你喜欢咖啡还是茶？——噢，我喜欢加牛奶的咖啡。
考查动词辨析。perfer A to B 相比B，更喜欢A；perfer with更喜欢加……的；like better更喜欢；would rather宁愿。根据“Would you like coffee or tea”及“coffee… milk”可知，此处表示更喜欢咖啡，且是加着牛奶的咖啡，故选B。
14．C
【详解】句意：——许多人认为女性比男性更擅长烹饪。——事实并非如此。世界上大多数顶级厨师都是男性。
考查情景交际。I can’t agree more我完全同意；Exactly完全正确；That’s not the case事实并非如此；Not at all不客气。根据后句“Most top cooks in the world are men.”可知，空处应是不同意以上观点，故应用That’s not the case。故选C。
15．D
【详解】句意：Sam已经给Lily发了短信，想要弄清楚她是否会来。
考查常识。tell Lily how to make a decision告诉Lily怎么做决定；check if Lily has time to buy a ticket确认Lily是否有时间去买一张票；ask Lily where to buy theatre tickets问Lily哪里去买剧院门票；find out whether Lily will come or not查明Lily是否会来。根据Sam给Lily发的短信内容“I have to let the theatre know how many tickets are needed. Have you decided whether to come?”可知，Sam在向Lily询问她是否确定好了来或不来。故选D。
16．C 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述一位粗鲁的老人寻找快乐的故事告诉我们一个道理：不要对让你振作起来的人粗鲁，要试着接受他们的帮助，你的心情会影响到周边人的心情，永远不要只从外部寻找幸福，而要从内部寻找。
16．句意：他总是不高兴。
lazy懒惰；quiet安静；unhappy不高兴；useless无用的。根据“He was always complaining and was always in a bad mood”可知，他总是抱怨，总是心情不好，所以他是不高兴的，故选C。
17．句意：人们远离他因为他的坏情绪具有传染性。
or或者；so所以；but但是；because因为。根据“People stayed away from him…his bad mood was contagious”可知，空后的句子“他的坏情绪具有传染性”是空前句子“人们远离他”的原因，使用because连接两个句子，故选D。
18．句意：他这样的行为也让村里的其他人感到不高兴。
made使，让；hoped希望；asked询问；forced强迫。make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此处表示让其他村里人不高兴，故选A。
19．句意：但有一天，他80岁生日的那一天，一件不可思议的事情发生了。
shaped形成；created创造；happened发生；remained保留。根据空前的“an unbelievable thing”可知，一件不可思议的事发生了，故选C。
20．句意：相反，他显得冷静而善良。
Instead相反；Although尽管；Otherwise否则；However然而。根据“he seemed to be calm and kind”可知，之前这个人脾气很差，现在却冷静又善良，所以是完全相反的状态，故选A。
21．句意：他不再抱怨任何事情。
cared关心；talked讨论；worried担心；complained抱怨。根据“He was always complaining”可知，之前他总是抱怨，但是现在不抱怨了，故选D。
22．句意：他们不敢相信他的情绪会如此突然地改变。
badly严重地；slowly慢慢地；suddenly突然；clearly清楚地。根据“But one day, the day he turned 80 years old, an unbelievable thing ...”可知，他的转变是突然发生的，故选C。
23．句意：我找了80年的幸福，但都没用。
darkness黑暗；kindness善良；carelessness粗心；happiness幸福。根据后文“live without happiness”可知，这个老人找了80年的幸福都没找到，才决定过没有幸福的生活，故选D。
24．句意：然后我决定过没有幸福的生活，只是享受生活。
failed失败；decided决定；forgot忘记；seemed似乎。根据“I’ve been looking for... for 80 years, and it was no use”可知，这个老人没有找到幸福，所以决定过没有幸福的生活，故选B。
25．句意：重要的是要意识到你的情绪会影响你周围人的情绪。
prove证明；realize意识到；expect期待；imagine想象。根据“Everyone has bad days sometimes. If someone tries to cheer you up, don’t be rude to them. Just try to accept their help.”可知，根据前文可知，这个老人情绪总是不好，也影响到了其他人，所以重要的是要意识到自己的情绪会影响到其他人，然后尝试在情绪糟糕的时候努力振作起来，故选B。
26．D 27．D 28．C
【导语】本文主要讲述的是琳达一次次的要求她的女儿去做同一件事情，但女儿却不动，并且嫌弃她唠叨，为此，琳达很生气，琳达为了摆脱这种局面向大家寻求帮助。
26．细节理解题。根据“I have never been a naggy type person, but she’s turning me into one! How should I get out of the situation?”可知，我从来不是一个爱唠叨的人，但她正在把我变成一个爱说话的人！我该如何摆脱这种局面？由此可以看出，这是琳达为了从别人那里得到帮助。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“According to my experience, such problems often begin with the fact that there is no agreement between parents and kids. I do suggest having some family meetings on a daily basis where all the family members can voice clearly expectations as well as give-and-take.”可知，根据我的经验，这样的问题往往始于父母和孩子之间没有达成一致。我确实建议每天召开一些家庭会议，让所有的家庭成员都能清楚地表达期望以及给予和接受。选项D“家庭成员之间就该做什么不该做什么进行沟通是必要的。”和迈克的观点一致。故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据“In my view, you should do what your parents ask. It is said that ‘In life, when you make a mess, you are supposed to clean it up,’ It’s their house you live and their money you spend! Take action right now!”可知，在我看来，你应该按照父母的要求去做。据说“在生活中，当你把事情搞得一团糟时，你应该把它收拾干净”，你住的是他们的房子，你花的是他们钱！立即采取行动！这些讲的都是孩子应该怎么做，而不是家长应该怎么做。所以Serena的回复和琳达的问题无关。故选C。
29．C 30．D 31．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了虽然与持不同意见的人进行理性通话是一种挑战，但可以用同理心接近对方，即尊重不同的观点或立场。
29．细节理解题。根据“where students learn to communicate more effectively”可知Empathy Challenge面对的是沟通技巧。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据“As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying (潜在的) values. Finally, you look for common ground”可知当意见不一致时，要寻找两边的共同点。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据“empathize with them and realize they had similar feelings”以及“Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others”可知他们给特朗普投票是因为他们有相似的人生价值观。故选A。
32．B 33．A 34．D 35．A
【分析】本文选自莎士比亚小说《威尼斯商人》。节选部分讲述了法官Portia利用自己的聪明才智帮助了Antonio。
32．细节理解题。根据第四段中“You can take your pound of flesh, but you may not take one drop of his blood.”可知，Shylock不被允许取Antonio的一滴血。故选B。
33．推理判断题。全文讲述了法官Portia利用自己的聪明才智帮助了Antonio。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段中“He wondered what the wise young judge was going to say.”和第五段“Now it was Graziano’s turn to bless the judge and call him wise.”可知，Graziano 和 Shylock都认为Portia是个聪明的人。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据第八段中“He decided not to take his pound of flesh. ”和最后一段“Bassanio was ready to give it to him, but again Portia stopped him.”可知，Shylock没有得到他想要的。故选A。
36．C 37．A 38．D 39．B 40．D
【分析】本文介绍了心理学家相信人的大脑通过神经系统连接到身体的每一部分。现在科学家已经证明，人的思维和感觉会影响身体健康。在这种关系下，压力可以更好地帮助人们。
36．推理判断题。根据“Doctors and scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way they do are called psychologists (心理学家).”可知，心理学家研究你的思想，试着解释你的行为。故选C。
37．词义猜测题。A. weaken减弱，B. protect保护，C. consolidate巩固，D. prevent预防。根据“so that you are more likely to catch diseases.”可知，你身体可能会得病，因此表示减弱了你身体的保护。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“You can set up a plan to finish homework or go to a doctor or a psychologist to try to work things out with your family or your friends.”可知，为了减轻压力，你可以制定一个计划来完成家庭作业，或者去看医生或心理医生，试着和你的家人或朋友一起解决问题，因此AB两项符合。根据“It’s important to get enough sleep and eat nutritious ( 有 营 养 的 ) meals … Another thing that you can do is daily exercise.”可知，为了减轻压力，应有足够的睡眠和每日锻炼。因此C项符合。前三项都是应对压力的方法，故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据“In fact, stress is necessary, so everybody has stress more or less.”可知，压力是必要的，每个人都有压力，因此A项是不正确的。根据“But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body’s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases.”可知，压力使人们更有可能生病，因此B项正确。根据“Another thing that you can do is daily exercise.”可知，文中没有提到，没有压力就不用锻炼，因此C项不正确。根据“But sometimes you can’t change a stressful situation.”可知，有时你无法改变一个有压力的情况，因此不是总是能改变有压力的情况，D项不正确。故选B。
40．主旨大意题。根据“The link between your body and brain works in two ways”可知，本文主要介绍了身体和大脑之间的联系，故选D。
41．decision
【详解】句意：这个决定看起来不太好。你需要考虑周到。decision“决定”，可数名词，根据“doesn’t”可知，此空应填单数名词，故填decision。
42．just
【详解】句意：我们可以享受所有的水上运动，或者仅仅躺在沙滩上。根据提示“仅仅”可知，填副词just，在句中修饰动词“lie”作状语。故填just。
43．pioneer
【详解】句意：钱学森是中国航天技术的伟大先驱。根据“a”可知用单数名词作表语，表达“开拓者”用单数名词“pioneer”。故填 pioneer。
44．imagine
【详解】句意：你能想象当他发现你是他的新老板时他有多后悔吗？“想象”的英文表达为“imagine”，由“Can”可知，情态动词后接动词原形。故填imagine。
45．alone
【详解】句意：在南京，成年人不能将6岁以下的儿童单独留在车内或家中，因为这是违法的。“单独地”译为alone，副词修饰动词leave。故填alone。
46．valuable
【详解】句意：谢谢你的宝贵建议。我会尽快考虑的。value价值，名词。这里修饰名词suggestions用形容词valuable“有价值的”。故填valuable。
47．go
【详解】句意：Hobo宁愿和朋友们去购物也不愿待在家里。would rather do than do表示“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”，故此空应填动词原形，故填go。
48．yourself
【详解】句意：把压力憋在心里只会让你感觉更糟，汤姆。keep stress to oneself表示“某人自己承受压力”。故填yourself。
49．thoughts
【详解】句意：很多人习惯在微信朋友圈表达自己的想法和感受。“think”是动词, 表达“想”。动词“expressing”后缺宾语，根据“and feelings”可知是复数名词形成并列结构。表达“他们的想法”用名词形式“thought”，复数形式是“thoughts”。故填thoughts。
50．forties
【详解】句意：我妈妈已经四十多岁了，但她仍然梦想着上大学。在某人几十岁时：in one’s+整十数的基数词复数形式；forty，四十，其复数形式为forties。故填forties。
51．chief accountant 52．day after day 53．extra hours 54．respect 55．falls behind
【分析】本文主要讲述了作者叔叔的工作性质以及他的敬业精神。
51．句意：他在这家公司担任总会计师。根据“He works in the company as”及备选词可知，此处介绍他的职位，chief accountant“总会计师”符合，故填chief accountant。
52．句意：我觉得日复一日地做那份工作很乏味。句子结构完整，此空应填一个副词作状语，备选词day after day“日复一日”符合，故填day after day。
53．句意：他专心工作，不在乎加班。根据“never minds working ”及备选词可知，不介意加班，extra hours“额外的时间”符合，故填extra hours。
54．句意：公司里所有的人都尊敬他。此空缺少谓语动词，备选词respect“尊敬”符合，故填respect。
55．句意：公司在市场竞争中从不落后。根据“Of course, his hard work leads to great success”及“And the company never … in the market competition”可知，他的努力工作获得了巨大的成功，公司在市场竞争中从不落后，falls behind“落后”符合，故填falls behind。
56．who 57．first 58．cleverer 59．Helping 60．Middle 61．fewer 62．easygoing 63．art 64．possible 65．less
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了家庭出生顺序对我们的IQ有影响，并影响之后的成长道路。
56．根据最后一段“Many factors (因素) make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors.”很多因素决定了我们是谁，但如果这项研究是正确的，出生顺序可能是最重要的因素之一，可知，这里指的是“出生顺序决定了我们是谁”，who we are“我们是谁”。故填who。
57．根据“A study found that first-borns have an average (平均) IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order”可知，一项研究发现，长子长女的平均智商比出生顺序不同的人高3分，first borns=people who were born first“第一个出生的人”。故填first。
58．根据“A study found that first-borns have an average (平均) IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order”可知，一项研究发现，长子长女的平均智商比出生顺序不同的人高3分，也就是更聪明，cleverer“更聪明的”。故填cleverer。
59．根据“perhaps because first-borns often help younger brothers and sisters, which improves their own skills.”可知，长子长女经常帮助弟弟妹妹，从而提高了他们自己的技能，help帮助，在句中作主语，应用动名词形式。故填Helping。
60．根据“Many middle children are short of one-on-one time with their parents. They often feel short-changed....Though they may be ignored, middle children are more likely to grow into easygoing adults.”可知，这里讲的是中间出生的孩子。故填Middle。
61．根据“They often feel short-changed: the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is “spoiled (宠坏的)”.”可知，中间的孩子比年长的孩子获得的权力更少，more的反义词是fewer，修饰可数名词复数。故填fewer。
62．根据“middle children are more likely to grow into easygoing adults.”可知，中间的孩子更有可能成长为随和的成年人。故填easygoing。
63．根据“last-borns are more likely to be artists and successful businessmen.”可知，家中最小的更有可能成为艺术家或成功的商人，即“擅长艺术和商业”，art艺术。故填art。
64．根据“They are also more likely to be funny, possibly to get attention from all the bigger people at the dinner table.”可知，他们也更有趣，可能会引起餐桌上所有大人物的注意，空处应填形容词作表语，possible“可能的”。故填possible。
65．根据“In 2007, an international organization of CEOS found that 43% of CEOS are first-borns, 33% are middle children, and 23% are last-borns. ”可知，与老大和老二相比，他们成为CEO的可能性更小。be less likely to be不太可能。故填less。
66．(W)ithout 67．(f)ree 68．(u)nhappy 69．(b)ecause 70．(p)refer 71．(m)ine 72．(w)hose 73．(a)gainst 74．(r)ight 75．(g)ift
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《汤姆叔叔的小屋》，讲述了奴隶主克莱尔和奥菲利亚反对奴隶制度，归还奴隶自由的故事。
66．句意：没有了伊娃，圣·克莱尔的生活是空虚的。根据首字母及“St Clare’s life was empty”可知，没有了伊娃，克莱尔的生活是空虚的；without“没有”，介词，首字母大写。故填(W)ithout。
67．句意：我要给你自由。根据首字母及“his slaves…I am a free man”可知，克莱尔要给奴隶自由；make sb. adj.“使某人……”，故用形容词free“自由的”作宾语补足语。故填(f)ree。
68．句意：你在这儿这么不快乐吗？根据首字母及“the sudden light of joy in Tom’s face”可知，汤姆听到主人要还给自己自由时脸上露出喜悦的表情，这让克莱尔认为汤姆在自己这的生活不高兴；unhappy“不高兴的”，形容词作表语。 故填(u)nhappy。
69．句意：你是一个好主人，但我很高兴，因为我是一个自由的人。根据首字母及“I’m happy…I am a free man”可知，上下文是因果关系，后者表原因，故用because连接。 故填(b)ecause。
70．句意：但我宁愿衣衫褴褛，房子简陋，什么都简陋，但要知道它们是我的，不是主人的。 根据首字母及“Do you think that with your work you can earn the clothes and food and the life that I give you every day? …I…to have poor clothes, a poor house, poor everything”可知，汤姆比起主人赠与的一切还是更喜欢自由；prefer“更喜欢”，动词；本句是一般现在时，主语是第一人称单数，故用其原形。故填(p)refer。
71．句意：但我宁愿衣衫褴褛，房子简陋，什么都简陋，但要知道它们是我的，不是主人的。 根据首字母及“they are…and not master’s.”可知，汤姆认为尽管生活再艰苦也是自己的，而不是主人的；名词性物主代词mine“我的”代指汤姆的，作表语。故填(m)ine。
72．句意：这孩子是谁的？ 根据首字母w及“Well, I gave her to you…I want her to be mine legally.”可知，此处指询问女奴的归属问题，故用whose“谁的”引导特殊疑问句。故填(w)hose。
73．句意：我还以为你反对奴隶制呢！根据首字母及“I thought you were…slavery!”可知，克莱尔认为奥菲利亚反对奴隶制度；be against“反对”。故填(a)gainst。
74．句意：我希望她是我的，所以我有权带她去自由州，给她自由。根据首字母及“I want her to be mine, so I’ll have the…to…”可知，奥菲利亚希望女奴的人身权能够在自己手中，这样她就有权利归还女奴的自由；have the right to do sth.“有权做某事”。故填(r)ight。
75．句意：他迅速写了一份法律文件，说托普西是送给奥菲利亚小姐的礼物。根据首字母及“Topsy was a girl slave and a gift from St Clare to Miss Ophelia”可知，女奴是克莱尔送给奥菲利亚的礼物；gift“礼物”，可数名词，由空前“a”可知，用其单数形式。故填(g)ift。
76．One possible version:
My mother has influenced me a lot since I was born. She is more than 40 years old. She used to be a worker. Now she is a general manager of a local company.
She works to high standards. She is confident and hard-working. She always does extra work. She likes playing the piano in her free time. She prefers listening to music because it can help her feel relaxed. She loves red best because it represents power and strength. Wearing red can make it easier for her to make decision.
I think my mother has a heart full of love. She is not only my good teacher but also my good friend. I have learnt a lot from her. She always helps me when I have difficulty with my study. I love her very much.
【详解】1.题干解读：本题属于说明文写作，写作时可以采用三段式结构进行撰写。第一段写母亲的年龄和职业；第二段写母亲的性格、兴趣爱好、最喜欢的颜色等；第三段写我的感受。
2.写作指导：本文应该采用第三人称；时态以一般现在时为主，一般过去时为辅。内容上主要介绍母亲的年龄、职业、性格、兴趣爱好、最喜欢的颜色以及我的感受，在写母亲过去的职业时要采用一般过去时。同时，注意段与段之间的衔接，保证文章的逻辑性。
2023-2024学年上学期九年级第一次月考（南京专用）
英语
注意事项：
1.全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。
2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将 自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。
选择题（共40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．Eric is ________ energetic football player and he comes from ________ European country.
A．an, a B．an, an C．a, an D．a, a
2．—What do you think of the film ?
—It’s very good. We ________ praise it ________ much.
A．mustn’t; so B．needn’t; too C．couldn’t; so D．can’t; too
3．— Did you enjoy the outdoor training yesterday?
— No, not at all! I was ________ dead after so much hard training.
A．as good as B．as well as C．so good as D．so well as
4．— When is National Public Memorial Day（国家公祭日）?
— On December 13th. And the public can ________ the hard days in the past.
A．be reminded B．remind of C．be reminded of D．remind
5．The kind teacher devoted all her time she had ________ her students.
A．help B．to help C．helping D．to helping
6．—Would you like a cup of coffee or a bottle of juice?—______. I’d like some milk.
A．Either B．Both C．None D．Neither
7．—Do you believe _____________ man can live on Mars in the future.
—It’s hard to say. Scientists are still not sure _____________ we can grow plants on Mars.
A．if；that B．whether；if C．that；that D．that；whether
8． I don’t know when Kitty _________ tomorrow, and please give this message to her when she ____________.
A．comes; will come B．comes; comes
C．will come; will come D．will come; comes
9．David, get up early, ________ you’ll get to school on time.
A．but B．and C．after D．or
10．______Lily______Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.
A．Not only; but also B．Neither; nor
C．Both; and D．Either; or
11．—What should we pay attention to ________ mistakes during the exams?
—Some details.
A．avoiding making B．avoid to make C．to avoid making D．to avoid to make
12．—What did Mary say to you just now, Alan?
—She asked ________.
A．if I could go to the museum with her tomorrow B．why I am so sad today
C．who did I play volleyball with after school D．what will I do on the weekend
13．—Would you like coffee or tea?
—Well, I ________ coffee ________ milk.
A．prefer; to B．prefer; with C．like; better D．would; rather
14．—Many people think women are better at cooking than men.
—________. Most top cooks in the world are men.
A．I can’t agree more B．Exactly C．That’s not the case D．Not at all
15．Sam has sent the text message to ________.
A．tell Lily how to make a decision
B．check if Lily has time to buy a ticket
C．ask Lily where to buy theatre tickets
D．find out whether Lily will come or not
二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
An old man lived in a village. He was one of the rudest people in the world. The whole village disliked him. He was always 16 . He was always complaining and was always in a bad mood. When people tried to cheer him up, he would rudely turn them away.
The longer he lived, the more bad-tempered (坏脾气的) he became. People stayed away from him 17 his bad mood was contagious (传染性的). It was unusual to feel happy around him. He also 18 the rest of the village feel unhappy by behaving like this.
But one day, the day he turned 80 years old, an unbelievable thing 19 . The man’s mood changed. He was no longer rude or angry. 20 , he seemed to be calm and kind. The villagers said among themselves, “The old man is very happy today. He hasn’t 21 about anything. He is smiling, and his face looks kind.”
The whole village went to see the old man. They couldn’t believe that his mood could change so 22 . One of the villagers asked the old man, “What happened to you?”
“Nothing special has happened, in fact. I’ve been looking for 23 for 80 years, and it was no use,” the man said. “Then I 24 to live without happiness and just enjoy life. That’s why I’m happy now.”
It is important to 25 that your mood can influence the moods of those around you. Everyone has bad days sometimes. If someone tries to cheer you up, don’t be rude to them. Just try to accept their help.
16．A．lazy B．quiet C．unhappy D．useless
17．A．or B．so C．but D．because
18．A．made B．hoped C．asked D．forced
19．A．shaped B．created C．happened D．remained
20．A．Instead B．Although C．Otherwise D．However
21．A．cared B．talked C．worried D．complained
22．A．badly B．slowly C．suddenly D．clearly
23．A．darkness B．kindness C．carelessness D．happiness
24．A．failed B．decided C．forgot D．seemed
25．A．prove B．realize C．expect D．imagine
三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
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Linda
I feel like my 13-year-old daughter and I are in this terrible cycle. I ask her to do something. She doesn’t do it, so I ask her again, and she says yes but does nothing. I ask her again, not so nicely. She says I am nagging (唠叨) her and gets angry. I have never been a naggy type person, but she’s turning me into one! How should I get out of the situation?
Monk
Reply
Just take a deep breath and always remember don’t start a debate or a lecture when you’re filled with anger, which will only hurt the situation. Sometimes kids finish what they need to do with a guilty look later.
Like 12
Mike
Reply
According to my experience, such problems often begin with the fact that there is no agreement between parents and kids. I do suggest having some family meetings on a daily basis where all the family members can voice clearly expectations as well as give-and-take. Good luck!
Like 15
Serena
Reply
In my view, you should do what your parents ask. It is said that “In life, when you make a mess, you are supposed to clean it up,” It’s their house you live and their money you spend! Take action right now!
Like 10
Joe
Reply
Sounds like you’ve got lazybones at home? Here is how I solved my son’s problem. I told him I was offering paid service for some housework he can do. Every time I cleaned up his dishes, I charged him $5. Since my son is responsible for earning his own spending money, he quickly cleaned up.
Like 10
26．Why did Linda send her problem on the forum?
A．To complain about her daughter. B．To share her great experience.
C．To win her daughter’s trust. D．To get help from others.
27．Which is Mike’s view according to the text?
A．It is often the parent’s fault to cause the argument.
B．The mother should reach an agreement with the daughter right now.
C．It’s helpful to keep calm when you’re angry.
D．Communication on do and dont’s among family members is necessary.
28．Whose reply is not relevant (关联) to Linda’s problems?
A．Monk’s. B．Mike’s. C．Serena’s. D．Joe’s.
B
It is easy to get carried away in an argument. Having a rational (理性的) conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seem like a challenge. One way is to treat the other person with empathy (同理心).
The Empathy Challenge is an exercise created by Zoe Chance, senior lecturer at the Yale School of Management. At Yale, Chance teaches a course called “Mastering Influence an Persuasion” where students learn to communicate more effectively. In her blog, Chance explains that it’s important to listen to people who disagree with you. “As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying (潜在的) values. Finally, you look for common ground as you reflect those values back. That’s it.”
Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try. As she couldn’t understand why many people chose to vote for Donald Trump, she found three Trump’s voters and spoke with them. Through asking questions, Chance was able to empathize with them and realize they had similar feelings. One man, an Orthodox Jew, explained that he supported Trump because Trump’s daughter and son-in-law are Jewish. The next man was a Russian immigrant crazy about freedom. The third was a lawyer who believed that authenticity (真实性) was important in political leaders.
Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others. And that’s the point of the exercise — to understand others as fellow human beings.
29．Which of the following does the Empathy Challenge practise?
A．Listening skills. B．Mastering skills
C．Communication skills. D．Problem solving skills.
30．According to Chance, what should people do when dealing with a disagreement?
A．Reflect their own values. B．Explain others’ position.
C．Share their similar feelings. D．Find common ground between two sides.
31．Why did the three men vote for Donald Trump?
A．Because of their life values. B．Because of Trump’s belief.
C．Because of their family background. D．Because of Trump's authenticity.
C
Shylock held his knife and told Antonio to get ready.
“Wait!” exclaimed Portia. “You will not do anything that is not written in the contract(合同). Is that right, Shylock?”
“Yes, that’s right,” said Shylock. He wondered what the wise young judge was going to say.
“Well,” said the young judge, “I have read the contract carefully, and it does not say anything about taking his blood. It says ‘a pound of flesh’. You can take your pound of flesh, but you may not take one drop of his blood. If you take any of his blood, the duke(公爵)will take everything you own!”
Now it was Graziano’s turn to bless the judge and call him wise.
“Did you hear that, Shylock ?” he asked, “What a wise judge.”
“You wanted justice(公正),” Portia told Shylock, “and you will have more justice than you wanted.”
Shylock didn’t want to give everything he owned to the duke. He decided not to take his pound of flesh. He said he would take the money.
“Give me ninety thousand dollars,” he said, “and I will have mercy on the Merchant(商人)and let him go.”
Bassanio was happy to give him the money. He was very pleased that his friend Antonio would not die.
Portia, however, had more to say, “Wait!” she said again. “He does not want the money. It is not written in the contract, and he said he would not do anything that was not written in the contract. Shylock, you can take your pound of flesh, just as the contact says. Why are you waiting?” she asked.
Shylock said he just wanted to have his money back. “Just give me the money I lend you. I wouldn’t even ask for interest(利息).” he said. He was beginning to feel sick. Bassanio was ready to give it to him, but again Portia stopped him.
32．What was Shylock NOT allowed to take?
A．Flesh. B．Blood. C．Mercy(怜悯). D．Interest.
33．How did Portia help Antonio?
A．By her cleverness. B．By her kindness.
C．With the support of her friends. D．With the help of her family.
34．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Graziano wanted to give the money to Shylock.
B．Shylock insisted that he would take a pound of flesh.
C．Portia asked Shylock to get the pound of flesh quickly.
D．Both Graziano and Shylock thought Portia was a wise person.
35．What can you infer(推断)from the passage?
A．Shylock didn’t get what he wanted.
B．Antonio lost his life according to the contact.
C．The duke took everything Shylock owned.
D．Portia didn’t come up with new ideas to help Antonio.
D
When you feel sick, you go to the doctor. She checks your fever, and asks what you’ve been thinking about recently. When you leave, she gives you not only some medicine but also a list of thinking skills that you are supposed to practice daily. She says that the way you think is causing some of your illness.
Doctors and scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way they do are called psychologists (心理学家). They are starting to believe that your brain is connected to every part of your body through your nervous system ( 神 经 系 统 ). Now scientists have proved that how you think and feel can have an influence on the health of your body. Stress can help us better understand this link(关联).
Stress is caused whenever there is a problem or a change in your life. In fact, stress is necessary, so everybody has stress more or less. Without stress, we would never learn anything or grow or change. But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body’s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases. It can even make you more likely to have an accident.
When you feel stressed, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical thing that speeds up your breathing and your heartbeat. And that’s what can do something bad to you. Therefore, how can you deal with stress? First, you can try to find ways to change things so you aren’t under so much stress. You can set up a plan to finish homework or go to a doctor or a psychologist to try to work things out with your family or your friends. But sometimes you can’t change a stressful situation. Sometimes you don’t even want to. A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful.
The link between your body and brain works in two ways. Your body can help your mind deal with stress. If you are under stress, you need to take especially good care of your body. It’s important to get enough sleep and eat nutritious ( 有 营 养 的 ) meals. Some people take a vitamin-mineral pill every day. Another thing that you can do is daily exercise. You can go running or jogging or do aerobic(有氧的) dancing or work out at the gym.
36．What does a psychologists often do?
A．Explain your nervous system like a teacher.
B．Treat all your diseases and improve your abilities.
C．Study your mind and try to explain your behavior.
D．Encourage you to do things.
37．What does the underlined word “weaken” mean?
A．减弱 B．保护 C．巩固 D．预防
38．How can we deal with the stress from the passage?
A．Set up a plan to finish the things you need to do such as homework.
B．Try to work things out with families or friends.
C．Get enough sleep and do daily exercise.
D．All above.
39．Which is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Everyone doesn’t need stress at all.
B．Stress can make people more likely to catch diseases.
C．We shouldn’t do any exercise if we are not under stress.
D．We can always change the stressful situation.
40．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The causes of disease B．Introduce the psychologist
C．Good ways to keep healthy. D．The connection between the body and brain.
非选择题（共50分）
四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
41．The （决定）doesn’t seem so good. You need to be thoughtful.
42．We can enjoy all the water sports, or （仅仅）lie on the beach.
43．Qian Xuesen is a great （开拓者）of China’s space technology.
44．Can you (想象) how regretful he was when he found you were his new boss?
45．Adults mustn’t leave the children under 6 in the car or at home (单独地) in Nanjing now because it is against the law.
B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
46．Thanks for your （value）suggestions. I will think about them as soon as possible.
47．Hobo would rather （go）shopping with his friends than stay at home.
48．Keeping stress to (you) may make you feel worse, Tom.
49．Many people are used to expressing their （think）and feelings on WeChat Moments.
50．My mother is already in her (forty), but she is still dreaming to go to university.
C）请根据短文内容,从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
chief accountant, falls behind, extra hours, day after day, respect
My uncle works in a big company. He is a hard-working and serious man. He works in the company as the 51 . It means he has to work with numbers. I think it boring to do that job 52 . But my uncle says he enjoys it very much. He devotes himself to his work and never minds working 53 . All the people in the company 54 him. Of course, his hard work leads to great success. And the company never 55 in the market competition.
五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分）
A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
Birth order-does it matter? Are you different because you are the first, second, or third child in your family-or maybe the last of nine?
A study found that first-borns have an average (平均) IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order, perhaps because first-borns often help younger brothers and sisters, which improves their own skills. In 2007, an international organization of CEOS found that 43% of CEOS are first-borns, 33% are middle children, and 23% are last-borns. First-borns are more likely (可能) to be doctors and astronauts and get higher pay.
If first-borns are more successful, last-borns are generally more agreeable. They are also more likely to be funny, possibly to get attention from all the bigger people at the dinner table. Mark Twain and Stephen Colbert were both the youngest in large families, and Jim Carrey was the youngest of four. According to a 2007 Time magazine, article, “The Power of Birth Order,” last-borns are more likely to be artists and successful businessmen.
Then there are the middle children: we have not ignored (忽视) them! Many middle children are short of one-on-one time with their parents. They often feel short-changed: the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is “spoiled (宠坏的)”. Though they may be ignored, middle children are more likely to grow into easygoing adults.
Many factors (因素) make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors.
Birth order helps make us 56 we are
First-borns
On average, people who were born 57 in the family are 58 than those who fall into a different place in the birth order.
59 younger brothers and sisters improves first-borns 'skill.
First-borns are more successful.
60 children
They feel short-changed, because they get 61 rights than the oldest and are less spoiled than the youngest.
They are more likely to be 62 adults.
Last-borns
They are good at 63 and business.
They are funny and it’s 64 for them to get attention from all the elder people at dinner.
They are 65 likely to be CEOs than first-borns and middle children.
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
Time passed. W 66 Eva, St Clare’s life was empty, but he started to think of Eva’s words about his slaves. One day he called Tom. “I’m going to make you f 67 ,” he said. He was upset when he saw the sudden light of joy in Tom’s face. He did not expect Tom to be so ready to leave him. “Are you so u 68 here? Am I not a good master?” he said. “No, no, master! You are a good master, but I’m happy b 69 I am a free man.” “Do you think that with your work you can earn the clothes and food and the life that I give you every day?” “No, I don’t. Master is too good. But I p 70 to have poor clothes, a poor house, poor everything, but to know that they are m 71 and not master’s.”
At that moment Miss Ophelia came in. “I want to talk about Topsy.” Topsy was a girl slave and a gift from St Clare to Miss Ophelia a few months earlier. “I need to ask you one thing: w 72 is this child?” “Well, I gave her to you,” said St Clare. “But not in law. I want her to be mine legally(合法的).” “Well, this is a surprise!” said St Clare. “I thought you were a 73 slavery(奴隶制度)! I didn’t want you to be a slave owner!” “Be serious, cousin! I want her to be mine, so I’ll have the r 74 to take her to the free states and give her freedom.” “I see,” said St Clare. He rapidly wrote a legal paper that said Topsy was a g 75 to Miss Ophelia. Then he signed it and gave it to her.
六、书面表达（满分15分）
76．在你的成长过程中, 母亲会给你的一生带来很大的影响, 请根据表格中的提示向读者介绍你的母亲, 具体要求如下：
年龄
40 多岁
职业
过去是工人；现在是当地工厂的一名总经理；
性格
工作高标准；
自信、勤奋 (举一例)
兴趣爱好
弹钢琴；
更喜欢……；认为……
最喜爱的颜色
红色，因为…… (至少一点)
我的感受
充满爱心，良师益友, …… (至少一点)
My mother has influenced me a lot since I was born.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：埃里克是一位精力充沛的足球运动员，他来自一个欧洲国家。
考查冠词用法。energetic是以元音音素开头，应用an；European是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故选A。
2．D
【详解】句意：——你觉得这部电影怎么样？——非常好。我们再怎么赞扬也不过分。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；couldn’t不能；can’t不能；so如此；too太。根据“It’s very good”可知这部电影非常好，此处是结构“can’t/couldn’t...too much”，意为“再……也不为过”，句子是一般现在时，此处用can’t。故选D。
3．A
【详解】句意：——你喜欢昨天的户外训练吗？—— 不，一点也不！经过这么多艰苦的训练，我几乎要死了。
考查固定搭配。as good as几乎，等同于；as well as和……一样好；so good as和……一样好，用于否定句；so well as和……一样好，用于否定句。根据“No, not at all!”可知，应该是说经过这么多艰苦的训练，我几乎要死了，结合选项，as good as 符合句意。故选A。
4．C
【详解】句意：——国家公祭日是什么时候？——12月13日。公众可以回忆起过去的艰难日子。
考查被动语态以及动词短语。remind sb. of sth.表示“使某人想起某事”，主语the public为动作的承受者，所以要用被动语态 “sb.be reminded of sth.”。故选C。
5．D
【详解】句意：这个善良的老师把她所有的时间都奉献出来帮助她的学生们。
考查动词短语。根据句意和“The kind teacher devoted all her time she had”可知，本句使用的短语是devote oneself/time/money to doing sth.“奉献某人的一生、时间、钱去做某事”，短语中的to 是一个介词，故后跟动名词的形式，所以空格处为to helping。故选D。
6．D
【分析】考点：考查不定代词。
【详解】试题分析：句意：你想要一杯咖啡还是一瓶橙汁？两样我都不想要，我想要一些牛奶。either的意思是两者中任意一种，both的意思是两者都，none三者三者以上都不，neither两者都不， a cup of coffee or a bottle of juice和I’d like some milk可知两者都不；故选D。
7．D
【详解】句意：你认为人类将来能在火星上生活吗？——很难说。科学家们还不能确定我们是否能在火星上种植植物。第一个句子believe后面接的是宾语从句，结合句意可知，从句并不是表示疑问，故由that来引导，在答语中not sure有不确定的意思 ，后面跟宾语从句时由if/whether来引导，表示有疑问，故答案为D。
点睛：宾语从句是中考必考的语法项目，主要考查三个方面的内容：语序，连接词和时态。
1. 语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式。
2. 连接词 1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。
3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。
3. 时态 含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：
1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。
2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。
3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。
8．D
【详解】句意：我不知道Kitty明天是否会来。当她回来时，请把这个消息给她。
考查宾语从句和时间状语从句。当when引导的时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，应该遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时表示将来。当when引导的是宾语从句，时态则要根据具体情况具体分析。根据“I don’t know”可知，此处是宾语从句，且从句时态是一般将来时；再者根据“give this message to he”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，故选D。
9．B
【详解】句意：David，早点起，你要按时到学校。
考查连词辨析。but但是；and和；after在……之后；or或者。根据“get up early…you’ll get to school on time”可知前后两句是顺承关系，用and连接。故选B。
10．D
【详解】此题重点考查四个短语的含义及其基本用法。not only…but also…表示不仅…而且；neither …nor表示既不…也不；both …and…表示两者都怎样either…or表示两者任何一个，或者…或者；其中not only…but also和both…and，neither…nor…和either…or…连接两个主语时谓语动词要用就近原则。根据one of them must stay at home可知是两者之一；故选D。
11．C
【详解】句意：——在考试期间我们应该注意什么以避免犯错误？——一些细节。
考查非谓语动词。“注意”的目的是为了避免犯错误，用动词不定式表目的；avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，故选C。
12．A
【详解】句意：——艾伦，玛丽刚才跟你说什么了？——她问我明天是否可以和她一起去博物馆。
考查宾语从句。if I could go to the museum with her tomorrow我明天是否可以和她一起去博物馆，陈述语序，一般过去时；why I am so sad today为什么我今天这么难过，陈述语序，一般现在时；who did I play volleyball with after school放学后我和谁一起打排球，疑问语序，一般过去时；what will I do on the weekend我周末将要做什么，疑问语序，一般将来时。宾语从句语序使用陈述语序，所以排除C和D；根据“She asked”可知，主句是一般过去时，所以从句部分也应使用一般过去时，遵循“主过从必过”原则，所以排除B。故选A。
13．B
【详解】句意：——你喜欢咖啡还是茶？——噢，我喜欢加牛奶的咖啡。
考查动词辨析。perfer A to B 相比B，更喜欢A；perfer with更喜欢加……的；like better更喜欢；would rather宁愿。根据“Would you like coffee or tea”及“coffee… milk”可知，此处表示更喜欢咖啡，且是加着牛奶的咖啡，故选B。
14．C
【详解】句意：——许多人认为女性比男性更擅长烹饪。——事实并非如此。世界上大多数顶级厨师都是男性。
考查情景交际。I can’t agree more我完全同意；Exactly完全正确；That’s not the case事实并非如此；Not at all不客气。根据后句“Most top cooks in the world are men.”可知，空处应是不同意以上观点，故应用That’s not the case。故选C。
15．D
【详解】句意：Sam已经给Lily发了短信，想要弄清楚她是否会来。
考查常识。tell Lily how to make a decision告诉Lily怎么做决定；check if Lily has time to buy a ticket确认Lily是否有时间去买一张票；ask Lily where to buy theatre tickets问Lily哪里去买剧院门票；find out whether Lily will come or not查明Lily是否会来。根据Sam给Lily发的短信内容“I have to let the theatre know how many tickets are needed. Have you decided whether to come?”可知，Sam在向Lily询问她是否确定好了来或不来。故选D。
16．C 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述一位粗鲁的老人寻找快乐的故事告诉我们一个道理：不要对让你振作起来的人粗鲁，要试着接受他们的帮助，你的心情会影响到周边人的心情，永远不要只从外部寻找幸福，而要从内部寻找。
16．句意：他总是不高兴。
lazy懒惰；quiet安静；unhappy不高兴；useless无用的。根据“He was always complaining and was always in a bad mood”可知，他总是抱怨，总是心情不好，所以他是不高兴的，故选C。
17．句意：人们远离他因为他的坏情绪具有传染性。
or或者；so所以；but但是；because因为。根据“People stayed away from him…his bad mood was contagious”可知，空后的句子“他的坏情绪具有传染性”是空前句子“人们远离他”的原因，使用because连接两个句子，故选D。
18．句意：他这样的行为也让村里的其他人感到不高兴。
made使，让；hoped希望；asked询问；forced强迫。make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此处表示让其他村里人不高兴，故选A。
19．句意：但有一天，他80岁生日的那一天，一件不可思议的事情发生了。
shaped形成；created创造；happened发生；remained保留。根据空前的“an unbelievable thing”可知，一件不可思议的事发生了，故选C。
20．句意：相反，他显得冷静而善良。
Instead相反；Although尽管；Otherwise否则；However然而。根据“he seemed to be calm and kind”可知，之前这个人脾气很差，现在却冷静又善良，所以是完全相反的状态，故选A。
21．句意：他不再抱怨任何事情。
cared关心；talked讨论；worried担心；complained抱怨。根据“He was always complaining”可知，之前他总是抱怨，但是现在不抱怨了，故选D。
22．句意：他们不敢相信他的情绪会如此突然地改变。
badly严重地；slowly慢慢地；suddenly突然；clearly清楚地。根据“But one day, the day he turned 80 years old, an unbelievable thing ...”可知，他的转变是突然发生的，故选C。
23．句意：我找了80年的幸福，但都没用。
darkness黑暗；kindness善良；carelessness粗心；happiness幸福。根据后文“live without happiness”可知，这个老人找了80年的幸福都没找到，才决定过没有幸福的生活，故选D。
24．句意：然后我决定过没有幸福的生活，只是享受生活。
failed失败；decided决定；forgot忘记；seemed似乎。根据“I’ve been looking for... for 80 years, and it was no use”可知，这个老人没有找到幸福，所以决定过没有幸福的生活，故选B。
25．句意：重要的是要意识到你的情绪会影响你周围人的情绪。
prove证明；realize意识到；expect期待；imagine想象。根据“Everyone has bad days sometimes. If someone tries to cheer you up, don’t be rude to them. Just try to accept their help.”可知，根据前文可知，这个老人情绪总是不好，也影响到了其他人，所以重要的是要意识到自己的情绪会影响到其他人，然后尝试在情绪糟糕的时候努力振作起来，故选B。
26．D 27．D 28．C
【导语】本文主要讲述的是琳达一次次的要求她的女儿去做同一件事情，但女儿却不动，并且嫌弃她唠叨，为此，琳达很生气，琳达为了摆脱这种局面向大家寻求帮助。
26．细节理解题。根据“I have never been a naggy type person, but she’s turning me into one! How should I get out of the situation?”可知，我从来不是一个爱唠叨的人，但她正在把我变成一个爱说话的人！我该如何摆脱这种局面？由此可以看出，这是琳达为了从别人那里得到帮助。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“According to my experience, such problems often begin with the fact that there is no agreement between parents and kids. I do suggest having some family meetings on a daily basis where all the family members can voice clearly expectations as well as give-and-take.”可知，根据我的经验，这样的问题往往始于父母和孩子之间没有达成一致。我确实建议每天召开一些家庭会议，让所有的家庭成员都能清楚地表达期望以及给予和接受。选项D“家庭成员之间就该做什么不该做什么进行沟通是必要的。”和迈克的观点一致。故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据“In my view, you should do what your parents ask. It is said that ‘In life, when you make a mess, you are supposed to clean it up,’ It’s their house you live and their money you spend! Take action right now!”可知，在我看来，你应该按照父母的要求去做。据说“在生活中，当你把事情搞得一团糟时，你应该把它收拾干净”，你住的是他们的房子，你花的是他们钱！立即采取行动！这些讲的都是孩子应该怎么做，而不是家长应该怎么做。所以Serena的回复和琳达的问题无关。故选C。
29．C 30．D 31．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了虽然与持不同意见的人进行理性通话是一种挑战，但可以用同理心接近对方，即尊重不同的观点或立场。
29．细节理解题。根据“where students learn to communicate more effectively”可知Empathy Challenge面对的是沟通技巧。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据“As they explain their position, you listen for their underlying (潜在的) values. Finally, you look for common ground”可知当意见不一致时，要寻找两边的共同点。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据“empathize with them and realize they had similar feelings”以及“Although Chance and those people had different political beliefs, they were able to relate to the life values of others”可知他们给特朗普投票是因为他们有相似的人生价值观。故选A。
32．B 33．A 34．D 35．A
【分析】本文选自莎士比亚小说《威尼斯商人》。节选部分讲述了法官Portia利用自己的聪明才智帮助了Antonio。
32．细节理解题。根据第四段中“You can take your pound of flesh, but you may not take one drop of his blood.”可知，Shylock不被允许取Antonio的一滴血。故选B。
33．推理判断题。全文讲述了法官Portia利用自己的聪明才智帮助了Antonio。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段中“He wondered what the wise young judge was going to say.”和第五段“Now it was Graziano’s turn to bless the judge and call him wise.”可知，Graziano 和 Shylock都认为Portia是个聪明的人。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据第八段中“He decided not to take his pound of flesh. ”和最后一段“Bassanio was ready to give it to him, but again Portia stopped him.”可知，Shylock没有得到他想要的。故选A。
36．C 37．A 38．D 39．B 40．D
【分析】本文介绍了心理学家相信人的大脑通过神经系统连接到身体的每一部分。现在科学家已经证明，人的思维和感觉会影响身体健康。在这种关系下，压力可以更好地帮助人们。
36．推理判断题。根据“Doctors and scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way they do are called psychologists (心理学家).”可知，心理学家研究你的思想，试着解释你的行为。故选C。
37．词义猜测题。A. weaken减弱，B. protect保护，C. consolidate巩固，D. prevent预防。根据“so that you are more likely to catch diseases.”可知，你身体可能会得病，因此表示减弱了你身体的保护。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“You can set up a plan to finish homework or go to a doctor or a psychologist to try to work things out with your family or your friends.”可知，为了减轻压力，你可以制定一个计划来完成家庭作业，或者去看医生或心理医生，试着和你的家人或朋友一起解决问题，因此AB两项符合。根据“It’s important to get enough sleep and eat nutritious ( 有 营 养 的 ) meals … Another thing that you can do is daily exercise.”可知，为了减轻压力，应有足够的睡眠和每日锻炼。因此C项符合。前三项都是应对压力的方法，故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据“In fact, stress is necessary, so everybody has stress more or less.”可知，压力是必要的，每个人都有压力，因此A项是不正确的。根据“But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body’s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases.”可知，压力使人们更有可能生病，因此B项正确。根据“Another thing that you can do is daily exercise.”可知，文中没有提到，没有压力就不用锻炼，因此C项不正确。根据“But sometimes you can’t change a stressful situation.”可知，有时你无法改变一个有压力的情况，因此不是总是能改变有压力的情况，D项不正确。故选B。
40．主旨大意题。根据“The link between your body and brain works in two ways”可知，本文主要介绍了身体和大脑之间的联系，故选D。
41．decision
【详解】句意：这个决定看起来不太好。你需要考虑周到。decision“决定”，可数名词，根据“doesn’t”可知，此空应填单数名词，故填decision。
42．just
【详解】句意：我们可以享受所有的水上运动，或者仅仅躺在沙滩上。根据提示“仅仅”可知，填副词just，在句中修饰动词“lie”作状语。故填just。
43．pioneer
【详解】句意：钱学森是中国航天技术的伟大先驱。根据“a”可知用单数名词作表语，表达“开拓者”用单数名词“pioneer”。故填 pioneer。
44．imagine
【详解】句意：你能想象当他发现你是他的新老板时他有多后悔吗？“想象”的英文表达为“imagine”，由“Can”可知，情态动词后接动词原形。故填imagine。
45．alone
【详解】句意：在南京，成年人不能将6岁以下的儿童单独留在车内或家中，因为这是违法的。“单独地”译为alone，副词修饰动词leave。故填alone。
46．valuable
【详解】句意：谢谢你的宝贵建议。我会尽快考虑的。value价值，名词。这里修饰名词suggestions用形容词valuable“有价值的”。故填valuable。
47．go
【详解】句意：Hobo宁愿和朋友们去购物也不愿待在家里。would rather do than do表示“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”，故此空应填动词原形，故填go。
48．yourself
【详解】句意：把压力憋在心里只会让你感觉更糟，汤姆。keep stress to oneself表示“某人自己承受压力”。故填yourself。
49．thoughts
【详解】句意：很多人习惯在微信朋友圈表达自己的想法和感受。“think”是动词, 表达“想”。动词“expressing”后缺宾语，根据“and feelings”可知是复数名词形成并列结构。表达“他们的想法”用名词形式“thought”，复数形式是“thoughts”。故填thoughts。
50．forties
【详解】句意：我妈妈已经四十多岁了，但她仍然梦想着上大学。在某人几十岁时：in one’s+整十数的基数词复数形式；forty，四十，其复数形式为forties。故填forties。
51．chief accountant 52．day after day 53．extra hours 54．respect 55．falls behind
【分析】本文主要讲述了作者叔叔的工作性质以及他的敬业精神。
51．句意：他在这家公司担任总会计师。根据“He works in the company as”及备选词可知，此处介绍他的职位，chief accountant“总会计师”符合，故填chief accountant。
52．句意：我觉得日复一日地做那份工作很乏味。句子结构完整，此空应填一个副词作状语，备选词day after day“日复一日”符合，故填day after day。
53．句意：他专心工作，不在乎加班。根据“never minds working ”及备选词可知，不介意加班，extra hours“额外的时间”符合，故填extra hours。
54．句意：公司里所有的人都尊敬他。此空缺少谓语动词，备选词respect“尊敬”符合，故填respect。
55．句意：公司在市场竞争中从不落后。根据“Of course, his hard work leads to great success”及“And the company never … in the market competition”可知，他的努力工作获得了巨大的成功，公司在市场竞争中从不落后，falls behind“落后”符合，故填falls behind。
56．who 57．first 58．cleverer 59．Helping 60．Middle 61．fewer 62．easygoing 63．art 64．possible 65．less
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了家庭出生顺序对我们的IQ有影响，并影响之后的成长道路。
56．根据最后一段“Many factors (因素) make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors.”很多因素决定了我们是谁，但如果这项研究是正确的，出生顺序可能是最重要的因素之一，可知，这里指的是“出生顺序决定了我们是谁”，who we are“我们是谁”。故填who。
57．根据“A study found that first-borns have an average (平均) IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order”可知，一项研究发现，长子长女的平均智商比出生顺序不同的人高3分，first borns=people who were born first“第一个出生的人”。故填first。
58．根据“A study found that first-borns have an average (平均) IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order”可知，一项研究发现，长子长女的平均智商比出生顺序不同的人高3分，也就是更聪明，cleverer“更聪明的”。故填cleverer。
59．根据“perhaps because first-borns often help younger brothers and sisters, which improves their own skills.”可知，长子长女经常帮助弟弟妹妹，从而提高了他们自己的技能，help帮助，在句中作主语，应用动名词形式。故填Helping。
60．根据“Many middle children are short of one-on-one time with their parents. They often feel short-changed....Though they may be ignored, middle children are more likely to grow into easygoing adults.”可知，这里讲的是中间出生的孩子。故填Middle。
61．根据“They often feel short-changed: the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is “spoiled (宠坏的)”.”可知，中间的孩子比年长的孩子获得的权力更少，more的反义词是fewer，修饰可数名词复数。故填fewer。
62．根据“middle children are more likely to grow into easygoing adults.”可知，中间的孩子更有可能成长为随和的成年人。故填easygoing。
63．根据“last-borns are more likely to be artists and successful businessmen.”可知，家中最小的更有可能成为艺术家或成功的商人，即“擅长艺术和商业”，art艺术。故填art。
64．根据“They are also more likely to be funny, possibly to get attention from all the bigger people at the dinner table.”可知，他们也更有趣，可能会引起餐桌上所有大人物的注意，空处应填形容词作表语，possible“可能的”。故填possible。
65．根据“In 2007, an international organization of CEOS found that 43% of CEOS are first-borns, 33% are middle children, and 23% are last-borns. ”可知，与老大和老二相比，他们成为CEO的可能性更小。be less likely to be不太可能。故填less。
66．(W)ithout 67．(f)ree 68．(u)nhappy 69．(b)ecause 70．(p)refer 71．(m)ine 72．(w)hose 73．(a)gainst 74．(r)ight 75．(g)ift
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《汤姆叔叔的小屋》，讲述了奴隶主克莱尔和奥菲利亚反对奴隶制度，归还奴隶自由的故事。
66．句意：没有了伊娃，圣·克莱尔的生活是空虚的。根据首字母及“St Clare’s life was empty”可知，没有了伊娃，克莱尔的生活是空虚的；without“没有”，介词，首字母大写。故填(W)ithout。
67．句意：我要给你自由。根据首字母及“his slaves…I am a free man”可知，克莱尔要给奴隶自由；make sb. adj.“使某人……”，故用形容词free“自由的”作宾语补足语。故填(f)ree。
68．句意：你在这儿这么不快乐吗？根据首字母及“the sudden light of joy in Tom’s face”可知，汤姆听到主人要还给自己自由时脸上露出喜悦的表情，这让克莱尔认为汤姆在自己这的生活不高兴；unhappy“不高兴的”，形容词作表语。 故填(u)nhappy。
69．句意：你是一个好主人，但我很高兴，因为我是一个自由的人。根据首字母及“I’m happy…I am a free man”可知，上下文是因果关系，后者表原因，故用because连接。 故填(b)ecause。
70．句意：但我宁愿衣衫褴褛，房子简陋，什么都简陋，但要知道它们是我的，不是主人的。 根据首字母及“Do you think that with your work you can earn the clothes and food and the life that I give you every day? …I…to have poor clothes, a poor house, poor everything”可知，汤姆比起主人赠与的一切还是更喜欢自由；prefer“更喜欢”，动词；本句是一般现在时，主语是第一人称单数，故用其原形。故填(p)refer。
71．句意：但我宁愿衣衫褴褛，房子简陋，什么都简陋，但要知道它们是我的，不是主人的。 根据首字母及“they are…and not master’s.”可知，汤姆认为尽管生活再艰苦也是自己的，而不是主人的；名词性物主代词mine“我的”代指汤姆的，作表语。故填(m)ine。
72．句意：这孩子是谁的？ 根据首字母w及“Well, I gave her to you…I want her to be mine legally.”可知，此处指询问女奴的归属问题，故用whose“谁的”引导特殊疑问句。故填(w)hose。
73．句意：我还以为你反对奴隶制呢！根据首字母及“I thought you were…slavery!”可知，克莱尔认为奥菲利亚反对奴隶制度；be against“反对”。故填(a)gainst。
74．句意：我希望她是我的，所以我有权带她去自由州，给她自由。根据首字母及“I want her to be mine, so I’ll have the…to…”可知，奥菲利亚希望女奴的人身权能够在自己手中，这样她就有权利归还女奴的自由；have the right to do sth.“有权做某事”。故填(r)ight。
75．句意：他迅速写了一份法律文件，说托普西是送给奥菲利亚小姐的礼物。根据首字母及“Topsy was a girl slave and a gift from St Clare to Miss Ophelia”可知，女奴是克莱尔送给奥菲利亚的礼物；gift“礼物”，可数名词，由空前“a”可知，用其单数形式。故填(g)ift。
76．One possible version:
My mother has influenced me a lot since I was born. She is more than 40 years old. She used to be a worker. Now she is a general manager of a local company.
She works to high standards. She is confident and hard-working. She always does extra work. She likes playing the piano in her free time. She prefers listening to music because it can help her feel relaxed. She loves red best because it represents power and strength. Wearing red can make it easier for her to make decision.
I think my mother has a heart full of love. She is not only my good teacher but also my good friend. I have learnt a lot from her. She always helps me when I have difficulty with my study. I love her very much.
【详解】1.题干解读：本题属于说明文写作，写作时可以采用三段式结构进行撰写。第一段写母亲的年龄和职业；第二段写母亲的性格、兴趣爱好、最喜欢的颜色等；第三段写我的感受。
2.写作指导：本文应该采用第三人称；时态以一般现在时为主，一般过去时为辅。内容上主要介绍母亲的年龄、职业、性格、兴趣爱好、最喜欢的颜色以及我的感受，在写母亲过去的职业时要采用一般过去时。同时，注意段与段之间的衔接，保证文章的逻辑性。
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