2023年重庆市巴蜀中学校中考模拟英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023年重庆市巴蜀中学校中考模拟英语试题（含解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读单选，补全对话7选5，阅读回答问题，改写句子，划线部分提问，同义句转化等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年重庆市巴蜀中学校中考模拟英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单项选择
1．—Online study is ________ unusual way for most of the students.
—It’s great. I’ve never studied in ________ more interesting way.
A．an;  / B．the; the C．an; a D．an; the
2．—Do you agree with our daughter’s decision that she is going to the summer camp alone?
—Sure, I think Cathy needs to think things for ________ and try to face all her problems ________.
A．itself; easily B．yourself; hard
C．herself; bravely D．himself; hardly
3．—The Dragon Boat falls ________ the fourth Thursday of June.
—We are planning a trip ________ Changshou Lake to watch the boat races.
A．on; on B．in; of C．at; to D．on; to
4．—How is your junior high school?
—Wonderful! Learning in Bashu Middle School is ________ experience that I’ll never forget it all my life.
A．so exciting B．such an exciting C．so an exciting D．such exciting
5．—The fashion show will begin in half an hour, but Sandy hasn't turned up yet.
—Don't worry. I________ her and she's sure to be here soon.
A．will call B．have called C．am calling D．call
6．—Jack, I have cleaned the bedroom for you.
—Thanks, Mom. You ________. I could manage it myself.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
7．When the Sports Park ________, it will be a great place for exercising and relaxing.
A．has built B．will build C．will be built D．is built
8．—Mr. Miller, I feel too tired to sleep well under too much pressure.
—I’m so sorry to hear that. As we all know, ________ you relax, stress can become a risk to your health.
A．unless B．if C．when D．because
9．—I tried to make Kate _______ her school project carefully but I found it difficult.
—Well, I saw you ________ that when I went past.
A．did; do B．do; doing C．done; to do D．does; doing
10．---The light in the professor’s lab was still on at 11:00 o’clock. Do you know ?
---maybe at midnight again.
A．how long has he worked B．why does he stay up so late
C．if he is busy studying D．when he stopped working

二、完形填空
I still remember my first fishing trip as if it were yesterday.
It was a sunny day of early summer. I received the first fishing pole 11 my uncle’s hand, and walked with him towards the river. My uncle, who knew 12 the best hangouts （群） of fish were, kindly placed me at best point. I threw out my line as I had so often seen others and 13 excitedly for a bite. Nothing came of it. “Try again,” said my uncle. Suddenly the bait （鱼饵） went down out of sight. “Now for it. Here is a fish at last.” I made a strong pull, and brought up a mass of weeds （海草）. Again and again I drew it back 14 . I looked at my uncle in low spirits. “Try once more, ” he said,  “We fishermen must have 15 . It took me a whole day until I got my first fish.” Suddenly 16 pulled hard at my line, and swept off with it into deep water. 17 , I saw a big fish wriggling （扭来扭去） in the sun. “Uncle!” I cried, looking back in uncontrollable excitement, “I’ve got a fish!” “Not yet,” said my uncle calmly. As he spoke, there was a plash （泼溅）, my hook hung empty from the line. I had lost my 18 . I sat down on the stone silently and refused to be comforted. Even my uncle promised that there were more fish in the river. He put the pole again in my hands, and told me to try my luck once more. “But remember, boy.  Never show off catching a fish until he is on dry ground.”
Though years have now passed, I have always been reminded of the fish that I did not catch. When I hear people 19 something that hasn’t been done yet, I call to mind the wise warning of my uncle,  “It’s no use talking too 20 about anything until it’s done.”
11．A．for B．to C．from D．by
12．A．where B．which C．whose D．what
13．A．listened B．jumped C．waited D．read
14．A．broken B．empty C．open D．shiny
15．A．hope B．courage C．wisdom D．patience
16．A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything
17．A．Pushing it out B．Putting it up C．Picking up it D．Pulling it up
18．A．prize B．money C．way D．job
19．A．to show off B．showing off C．show off D．showed off
20．A．carefully B．proudly C．straight D．actively


三、阅读单选


Try This
Fast and slow melting
How long do you think it takes an ice cube to melt （融化）? One hour? Five hours? Write down your best guess and then try this experiment.
1: Take an ice cube out of the freezer（冷冻拒）and put it on the plate: write down the time.
What happened?
The faster the heat transfers（传导） to the ice cube, the faster the ice melts. Heat from the air and from objects in the room, makes the ice cubes melt.
2: Wait for the cube to melt.
How long did it take? Was it more or less time than you thought?
You’ll need
• Four ice cubes of the same size
• Plate
• Watch
• Aluminum foil（铝箔）
•Two plastic cups
• Warm water
3: Take two more cubes and wrap（包裹）one in foil. Put them in cups and add the same amount of warm water.
Heat transfers faster from warm water to the ice than it does from warm air and objects in the roam to the ice. The foil makes it harder for heat to reach the ice. So do you know which ice cube melts most slowly?
4: Wait until the unwrapped cube has melt. What happened to the Wrapped cube?
21．From the experiment（实验）, we can learn something about ________.
A．Geography B．Biology C．Chemistry D．Physics
22．We need to write down ________ during the experiment.
A．our best guess B．the melting time
C．the temperature of the water D．the weight of the cubes
23．Which of the following is most probably the result of this experiment?
A．The ice cube on the plate melted most slowly.
B．The unwrapped ice cube in warm water melted fastest.
C．The ice cube in your hand melted more slowly than the one on the plate.
D．The ice cube wrapped in foil melted faster than the unwrapped one in warm water.


If you can keep your friends when all about you are losing theirs and wondering why;
If you can believe in yourself when others don’t, and believe in your friends too;
If you can be patient and learn to wait, but not force others to wait for you;
If you can listen to the advice of others, △;
If you can see problems as things that can improve, and meet them without fear;
If you can speak the truth always, and give those you love your help;
If you can learn from the times you have won, but learn too from the times you lost;
If you spend time making things right for others, and let them help you in return.
If you can stay true to your friends in the face of trouble, yours will be a truly wonderful life,
Because you will have the comfort that you did for your friends and made the best of the friends you had.
I was given the idea to write this poem by the very famous poem IF by Rudyard Kipling. Considered one of the great English writers, Joseph Rudyard Kipling was born in India in 1865 and educated in England but returned to India in 1882. At the time of his birth, his parents, just arrived in India from British Empire. The family lived well, and Kipling was especially close to his mother. However, Kipling’s life was torn (撕裂) apart when his mother, wanting her son to receive a formal British education, sent him to Southern, England where he attended school and lived with a foster (收养的) family. He was beaten and treated badly by his foster mother. In later life two of his children died. All these events affected Kipling deeply. But they made him a stronger and better person. He wanted to overcome these problems and not let them overcome him. He must have been a very good friend to have.
In 1907 he accepted the Nobel Prize for Literature, the first Englishman to be so honored.
24．Which of the following can be probably put in △?
A．yet decide for yourself what is right
B．and accept them without thinking twice
C．but never accept others’ opinion
D．and always turn them down at once
25．This writer wrote this poem most probably to ________.
A．give people some advice B．remember Rudyard Kipling
C．introduce Rudyard Kipling’s poem D．show us how to write a poem
26．Kipling’s parents sent him away because ________.
A．his parents just arrived in India
B．his mother wanted him to get British education
C．his parents found him a great foster family
D．they moved back to England
27．What words can we use to describe Kipling?
A．Unlucky but open-minded. B．Happy and strong.
C．Unlucky but strong-minded. D．Stronger and better.

Are you interested in the painting? Do you think it was drawn by a child or an artist?
In fact, it’s a painting by Craigie Aitchison. Born in 1926, the Scottish artist is best known for his simplistic style and bright color.
Aitchison started in law studies and changed to art in the early 1950’s. He spent two years studying painting in London but from the beginning, his painting was quite different from anything that was taught by his professor. He didn’t want to follow any tradition and painted the way he liked.
In 1955, he went to study in Italy. He toured the country enjoying the landscape and the bright sunlight there. He also fell in love with early Italian paintings with their simplified description of events. So he always loved using thin and broad areas of pure color to put clear light into his painting and to express a mood of poetic charm. This led him to take up painting colors thinly one on top of another from light to dark, but he was never sure what the results would be. He said, knowing I’m going to put anything on top. Anyone can do the colors—you can buy them. I simply notice what you put the colors next to.”
Although some people laughed at his paintings, like most talented people, Aitchison overcame others’ doubts and became a successful painter. His paintings were mostly portraits（肖像画）, sceneries, life and flower pieces.
Since moving to London years ago, he has not been part of the Scottish painting scene. However, his work still influences young British painters now.
In 1988, Mr. Aitchison was elected a member of the Royal Academy of Arts in U.K. His works are in the collections of the National Galleries of Scotland, the Tate Gallery in London, among others. The artist died in 2009 in London.
28．The article mainly tries to ________.
A．describe specific works by Craigie Aitchison
B．teach readers how to paint like Craigie Aitchison
C．explain how Craigie Aitchison learnt painting
D．introduce Craigie Aitchison to the readers
29．After reading the passage, can you guess which picture might be Aitchison’s work?
A． B． C． D．
30．What might a visitor at an exhibition（展览）say about Aitchison’s work?
A．I love his recent paintings of Scotland, which are very similar to a number of other Scottish painters.
B．I wonder if his law training helps him at all, especially in selling his work.
C．You can still see the influence of his trip to Italy in some of these pictures.
D．You can find he didn’t learn from his teacher carefully.
31．What do you think is the structure of the passage? Fill in the blank.
Paragraph ________ introduce(s) the artist.
Paragraph _________ talk about _________.
Paragraph _________ describe(s) Aitchison’s achievement.
A．1, 2; 3, 4; Aitchison’s career as an artist; 5, 6, 7;
B．1; 2, 3, 4; Aitchison’s trip to Italy; 5, 6, 7;
C．1; 2, 3; Aitchison’s life as a student; 4; 5, 6, 7;
D．1, 2; 3, 4, 5, 6; Aitchison’s move to London; 7;

Do you have good friends? Do you sometimes feel so close to them that they are like family to you?
It turns out that this isn’t just an expression. A study has found that you and your friends have more genes （基因） in common than strangers do. Researchers looked at the genes of 1,932 people and compared them in pairs of unrelated friends and strangers. They found that friends have 1% of genes that match.
1% of genes may not sound like much to us, but to geneticists it is a larger number. In fact, this is the same amount of genes you share with your fourth cousins.
So do you happen to become friends with people who share your genes? Not at all. In fact, it is evolution （进化） that brings you together.
People who share certain genes also share skills and have similar likes and dislikes. In ancient times, it was important that people who were alike stayed together. For example, people who had a similar susceptibility （易感性）, giving them a better chance to stay alive.
Among all the genes studied, those producing a change in sense of smell were the most similar in friends. This is probably because people who smell things in the same way are more easily drawn to similar environments. For example, people who like the smell of coffee may hang out at cafes more often and as a result are more likely to meet and become friends with each other.
With these findings, researchers have developed an interesting test called the “friendship score”.
It can help tell how likely two people will be friends by studying their genes.
So, here is a question for you: would you like to take this test and know in advance （提前） who your friends are going to be.
32．What does the author mean by saying “It turns out that this isn’t just an expression”?
A．Friends look like our cousin.
B．Friends share 1% of genes with us.
C．Friends feel close to our family.
D．Friends can help us when we feel cold.
33．The writer takes the example of ancient people in Paragraph 5 to ________.
A．study how ancient people dealt with the cold
B．predict that similar environments lead to friendship
C．prove that it is evolution that brings friends together
D．explain why ancient people gave each other chance to keep alive
34．According to this passage, what is the right relationship?
A．Evolve same skills and hobbies → Same Genes → Become friends
B．Same Genes → Evolve same skills and hobbies → Become friends
C．Same Genes → Become friends → Evolve same skills and hobbies
D．Become friends → Evolve same skills and hobbies → Same Genes
35．You decide to use the “friendship score” described in the article to make an App based on the purpose of the score. What’s the best name for your new App?
A．Hello Gene! B．Gene Test C．Green Finder D．Gene Friends

Candy is smart, talented and really nice. As a team leader, she wishes Frank, a member of her politics project, did his part as required. But rather than criticize （批评） him, only to find that Frank kept falling behind. It ended up that other team members, who had to take on more work, while Frank himself complained that he was not treated fairly.
How did poor Candy get into this mess? The primary reason was that Candy failed in a key part of leadership—the duty to provide clear feedback（反馈）for team members. This isn’t simply a duty but a correctness.
Failing to question or criticize Frank’s work, Candy was in fact unkind. Many people are not a failure, like Frank. They’re just in the wrong place, and still left in the dark. What they really need is feedback from their leaders. However, Candy didn’t bring out a gift in Frank.
A leader had better use open, honest, continuous and clear feedback to help solve someone’s best fit in their job or in the organization. This method also avoids surprises. It’s not uncommon to see someone suddenly removed from a team. Maybe it serves them right, they wouldn’t have been caught off-guard （猝不及防） because they would have been receiving open, continuous and clear judgment of their performance.
Then why is it so hard for leaders to give good feedback? People always like to be liked, so they avoid anything that may cause unpleasantness. But that kind of feedback usually helps members find the right place for them. If you just only like to be liked, the chance of being respected is really low. However, you have a chance of being liked. Of course, the most difficult part for a nice leader is criticizing someone.
Back to Candy’s case. Not telling Frank how he was on the team only made a hard situation worse. But with a different mindset, she could have led her team to success and have been a likeable and critical leader.
36．The word “gift” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ________”.
A．present B．ability C．pride D．praise
37．According to this article, what is necessary between leaders and team members?
A．Being nice to team members is likely to win leaders great respect.
B．Criticizing team members results in serious complaints to the leader.
C．Open and honest communication is a must for leaders and team members.
D．Praise and encouragement from leaders bring out better team performance.
38．Based on the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．Candy should patiently encourage Frank to try his best.
B．Candy should gradually kick Frank off her team.
C．Candy should politely show Frank the improvement he made.
D．Candy should clearly tell Frank her judgment of his performance.
39．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Become a Good Leader B．Set a Good Team
C．Frank’s problem D．Cindy’s Worry


四、补全对话7选5
Li Hu: Hello, Ben.
Ben: Hello, Li Hu. You look happy today.
Li Hu: 40
Ben: Congratulations! But I know little about it. Do you often have this activity?
Li Hu: 41 We have it to celebrate our Dragon Boat Festival.
Ben: We don’t have such a festival in our hometown. 42
Li Hu: Yes, it is. 43
Ben: Is it delicious? Where can I get this kind of food?
Li Hu: It is quite delicious. And I am good at making it. 44
Ben: That’s very kind of you. Thanks a lot.
A．We also eat a kind of special food called zongzi.
B．No, only once a year.
C．I’ll bring some here tomorrow.
D．Do Chinese often celebrate it?
E．I like the Dragon Boat Festival.
F．Is it a Chinese traditional festival?
G．Our team got the first place in the dragon-boat race.


五、阅读回答问题
When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework, you might notice that there is no letter E. Have you ever thought about why that is so?
In the A, B, C, D and F grading system, the first four letters are typically considered passing grades. An F in this system simply stands for “fail”. The word “fail” happens to start with the letter F, which seems to leave out the letter E. The fact of the matter is that any letter can mean “not passing” or “fail”. Some schools have U grade for “unsatisfactory” or grade for “incomplete”.
Even with all this said, we should also point out that E grade actually has been used pretty commonly throughout the history of letter grades in the US.
The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like the ones we use today is Mount Holyoke College. In 1897, they began to use the following grade scale:
A: 95%—100% （excellent）B: 85%—94% （good）
C: 76%—84% （fair）D: 75% （barely passed）
E: below 75% （failed）
We can see the inclusion of E instead of F.
Gradually, the letter grading system became more popular all over the US. However, many schools decided to drop the E grade and go straight to F. There is no evidence （证据）, but one possible explanation is that teachers were worried that some students and parents might mistake E for “excellent”.
Why do we have letter grades? Part of the reason is that they made grading simpler during a time of great change for schools. As the 20th century began, growing cities and an increase in population led to larger school classrooms. Most teachers at that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way to grade students.
Today, more and more people argue that letter grades don’t fully reflect student learning. However, as teachers try to improve grading methods（方法）, many parents continue to prefer the letter grades they got as kids. They are familiar （熟悉） and easy for parents to understand. So while they might not be perfect, the letter grades probably aren’t going away any time soon.
45．Is there E grade in the grading system right now?

46．According to the passage, why did most teachers like the letter grading system?

47．What does the writer of this article want to explain?

48．Do you like the grading system mentioned in this passage? Why or why not?



六、改写句子
49．He’s already put some salt in the soup. （改为否定句）
He any salt in the soup yet.

七、划线部分提问
50．The quilt on the bed is orange. （对划线部分提问）
is the quilt on the bed?

八、同义句转化
51．Thirty years has passed since the bookstore opened. （改为同义句）
The bookstore has for thirty years.

九、完成句子
52．他太小了还不清楚长大后想做什么。
He was so young that he had no idea what he was going to be when he .
53．当我走出厨房的时候，听见有人敲门。
When I got out of the kitchen, I heard someone the door.

十、短文语境提示填空
Thanks 54 better healthy care, most people are living healthier and longer lives. Someone who is born today can expect to live about thirty-five years longer than someone who was born in the nineteenth century. It is even thought that in the future more and more people will 55 their hundredth birthdays.  Here are some rules for a healthy life.
Get off the sofa!
Sure, it is comfortable to sit on the sofa and watch TV. But doctors say you should get off the sofa. To keep fit, you have to walk at 56 10, 000 steps every day. When farmers were working in the fields, they were 57 at the same time. Think about it: do you get the same amount of exercise today as they did in the past?
Eat healthy food!
It is important to eat food that is fresh and natural, for example, fruit and vegetables. Fast food is not healthy. You should only have it once in a 58 . Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health.
Rest while you can!
When we were babies, we slept for much of the night. Teenagers do no need as much sleep as babies, but it is important for you to get about eight 59 sleep a night. At weekends, you have got more time, so use it not just for your friends.
Don’t 60 . Be happy!
May people believe that happiness is important for our general health. Sometimes it is not 61 to be a teenager because of the difficulties of school, exams or friendships. If you are worried about something, talk to your parents or your teacher.


十一、话题作文
62．习总书记告诫青年人“艰难困苦，玉汝于成”。每个人的成长都是一种蜕变的过程，从幼稚走向成熟，从逆境走向成功。“精感石没羽，岂云惮险坚”，初中三年你有过逆势前行克服困难和的经历吗？请以“The harder, The better”为题，写一篇书面表达讲述你的一次经历和感悟。
要求：
（1）确定主题；
（2）围绕主题，表达内容积极向上，有具体生动的事件；
（3）词数80—120；
（4）作文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实校名和姓名。
提示问题：
What was the difficulty?
What did you do to get over the difficulty?
What have you learned from it?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．C
【详解】句意：——线上学习对于大多数学生而言是一种不寻常的方式。——它很棒。我从来没有用一种更有趣的方式学习过。
考查冠词。根据way可知，此处way意为“方式”，是可数名词的单数形式，两个空均泛指“一种方式”，前面加不定冠词；第一空横线后单词的首音标是元音音标，因此用an；第二空后单词的首音标是辅音音标，因此用a。故选C。
2．C
【详解】句意：——你同意我们女儿一个人去夏令营的决定吗？——当然，我认为Cathy需要独立思考，勇敢地面对所有的问题。
考查反身代词和副词辨析。itself它自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己；easily容易地；hard努力地；bravely勇敢地；hardly几乎不。根据“I think Cathy needs to think things for”以及空后“try to face all her problems”可知，是指认为女儿Cathy需要独立思考，勇敢面对问题，应用反身代词herself及副词bravely。故选C。
3．D
【详解】句意：——龙舟节在六月的第四个星期四。——我们正在计划一次长寿湖之旅去观看龙舟比赛。
考查介词。根据“the fourth Thursday of June.”可知，第一空是在具体的某一天，应用时间介词on；再根据“We are planning a trip ... Changshou Lake ”可知，第二空是固定搭配the trip to sp“去某地的旅行”，因此应用介词to。故选D。
4．B
【详解】句意：——你的初中怎么样？——太棒了！在巴蜀中学学习是一次激动人心的经历，我一辈子都不会忘记。
考查such和so的用法。so“如此”，副词；such“如此”，形容词；exciting“令人激动的”，experience“经历”，可数。“如此激动人心的经历”英文可以表达为so exciting an experience/such an exciting experience，所以选项B表达正确，故选B。
5．B
【详解】句意：——时装秀将在半小时后开始，但桑迪还没有出现。——别担心。我已经打电话给她了，她肯定很快就到了。
考查动词时态。will call一般将来时；have called现在完成时；am calling现在进行时；call一般现在时。根据句意可知此处表示“已经打电话给她”，故时态用现在完成时，结构为主语+have/has+动词过去分词，故选B。
6．C
【详解】句意：——杰克，我已经为你打扫了房间。——谢谢你，妈妈。你不需要这么做。我可以自己整理的。
考查情态动词。can’t不可以；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Thanks, Mom. You ... . I could manage it myself.”可知，此处指的是妈妈不需要帮助我打扫房间，说话人可以自己打扫。故选C。
7．D
【详解】句意：当体育公园建成后，它将是一个锻炼和放松的好地方。
考查时态和语态。build建造；when引导的时间状语从句，用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，主语the Sports Park与谓语build之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，故选D。
8．A
【详解】句意：——米勒先生，我觉得压力太大了，累得睡不好觉。——听到这个消息我很难过。正如我们所知，除非你放松，否则压力会对你的健康构成危险。
考查连词辨析。unless除非；if如果；when当……时候；because因为。根据“As we all know...you relax, stress can become a risk to your health.”可知，unless符合语境，表示除非放松，否则压力会对健康构成危险。故选A。
9．B
【详解】句意：——我试图让凯特认真做她的学校项目，但我发现这很难。——嗯，我经过的时候看见你在做那件事。
考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，是固定搭配，所以第一空是do；see sb. doing“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行；see sb do“看见某人做某事”，强调全过程。第二空根据“when I went past.”可知，是经过时看到对方正在做事情，因此是doing。故选B。
10．D
【详解】句意“-教授实验室的灯仍然亮着，你知道他什么时候停止工作吗？-可能再一次到半夜”。本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A和B；且根据maybe at midnight again可知，应问“他何时停止工作”，故选D。

11．C 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．B 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一次钓鱼的经历，从中学到一个道理：在事情没有完成之前，得意洋洋地说太多是没有用的。
11．句意：我从叔叔手中接过第一根鱼竿，和他一起走向河边。
for为了；to到；from来自；by通过。根据“I received the first fishing pole...my uncle’s hand”可知，鱼竿是作者从叔叔手中拿到的，即鱼竿来自叔叔。故选C。
12．句意：我的叔叔知道哪里是是鱼最常出没的地方，他好心地把我安排在最好的位置。
where哪里；which哪一个；whose谁的；what什么。此处为宾语从句，设空处指的是鱼最常出没的地点，所以引导词用where。故选A。
13．句意：像经常看到的一样我把鱼线扔了出去，兴奋地等着鱼上钩。
listened听；jumped跳；waited等待；read读。根据“I threw out my line”可知，钓鱼的时候先把鱼线扔出去，接下来就是等鱼上钩。故选C。
14．句意：一次又一次，我把空空如也的鱼线拉回来。
broken坏的；empty空的；open开着的；shiny闪亮的。根据“I looked at my uncle in low spirits”可知，我精神萎靡地看着叔叔，所以推测钓鱼没有收获，鱼线空空的。故选B。
15．句意；我们钓鱼人必须有耐心。
hope希望；courage勇气；wisdom智慧；patience耐心。根据“It took me a whole day until I got my first fish.”可知，叔叔说他花了整整一天的时间才钓到第一条鱼，所以此处表示钓鱼要有耐心。故选D。
16．句意：突然，有什么东西使劲拉着我的鱼线，把它卷进深水里。
anything任何事物（常用于疑问或否定句中）；something某物；nothing没有；everything一切。根据“ swept off with it into deep water”可知，是有某样东西被卷进深水，选项B符合语境。故选B。
17．句意：把它拉起来，我看到一条大鱼在阳光下扭来扭去。
Pushing it out把它推出去；Putting it up把它贴起来；Picking up it错误形式；Pulling it up把它拉起来。根据“ I saw a big fish wriggling （扭来扭去） in the sun”可知，作者看到有大鱼时是要把鱼线拉起来。故选D。
18．句意：我的战利品丢了。
prize战利品，奖品；money钱；way方法；job工作。根据“ my hook hung empty from the line”可知，我的鱼钩空空地挂在鱼线上，所以作者没有钓到鱼，即这次的战利品丢了。故选A。
19．句意：当我听到人们炫耀某件尚未完成的事情时，我就会想起叔叔明智的警告：“事情在没有完成之前，得意洋洋地说太多是没有用的。”
to show off炫耀，不定式；showing off炫耀，动名词；show off 炫耀，原形；showed off炫耀，过去式。hear sb. do sth.“听到某人做某事”，此处强调听到事情的全过程。故选C。
20．句意：当我听到人们炫耀某件尚未完成的事情时，我就会想起叔叔明智的警告：“事情在没有完成之前，得意洋洋地说太多是没有用的。”
carefully小心地；proudly骄傲地；straight直接；actively积极地。根据“Never show off catching a fish until he is on dry ground”可知，叔叔说不要在鱼上钩之前炫耀自己钓到了鱼，所以设空处表示意思与“炫耀”近义，选项B符合语境。故选B。
21．D 22．B 23．B

【导语】本文为应用文，介绍了一个测试冰块融化速度的实验。
21．推理判断题。根据第一列“Fast and slow melting”（快速和慢速融化） 可知，这篇材料是关于融化快慢的实验，属于物理方面的实验。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据第二列“write down the time”（写下时间）可知，做实验时我们应该写下融化的时间。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据第三列“Heat transfers faster from warm water to the ice than it does from warm air and objects in the roam to the ice.”可知，热量从温水传递到冰上的速度比从热空气和运动中的物体传递到冰上的速度要快。因此热水中的热量传递到冰块最快。故选B。
24．A 25．A 26．B 27．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了作者受一位著名诗人Rudyard Kipling的作品《IF》的影响所写的一首诗，也介绍了Rudyard Kipling的生平故事。
24．推理判断题。根据“If you can listen to the advice of others,”可知，上文是听取别人的建议，推测下文讲自己做决定，故选A。
25．推理判断题。通读文章中的这首诗的内容可知，这首诗是写给人们的建议，故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据“However, Kipling’s life was torn (撕裂) apart when his mother, wanting her son to receive a formal British education, sent him to Southee, England where he attended school and lived with a foster (收养的) family.”可知，Rudyard Kipling的母亲希望儿子接受正规的英国教育，所以把他送走了。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据“He was beaten and treated badly by his foster mother. In later life two of his children died. All these events affected Kipling deeply. But they made him a stronger and better person. He wanted to overcome these problems and not let them overcome him.”可知，Rudyard Kipling虽然命运坎坷，但是他想克服这些问题，而不是让它们克服他，所以他是一位不幸但意志坚强的人，故选C。
28．D 29．C 30．C 31．A

【导语】本文主要介绍了艺术家克雷吉·艾奇森的经历。
28．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要向读者介绍了艺术家克雷吉·艾奇森这个人物。故选D。
29．推理判断题。根据“So he always loved using thin and broad areas of pure color to put clear light into his painting and to express a mood of poetic charm. This led him to take up painting colors thinly one on top of another from light to dark”可知他总是喜欢用薄而宽的纯色区域来给自己的绘画带来清晰的光线，表达诗意，这让他开始把颜色从亮到暗一层一层地画得很薄，由此可推知选项C符合他的绘画风格。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据“he went to study in Italy. He toured the country enjoying the landscape and the bright sunlight there. He also fell in love with early Italian paintings with their simplified description of events. So he always loved using thin and broad...”可知在1955年，他游览了这个国家，他还爱上了早期意大利绘画，由此可推知仍然可以从绘画中看到他意大利之行的影响。故选C。
31．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一和第二段引出了本文的话题——艺术家克雷吉·艾奇森；第三和第四段介绍了他的意大利之行；第五至第七段介绍了他获得的成绩。故选A。
32．B 33．C 34．B 35．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了基因与朋友之间的关系。
32．细节理解题。根据“They found that friends have 1% of genes that match.”可知，研究发现朋友有1%的基因匹配。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据“So do you happen to become friends with people who share your genes? Not at all. In fact, it is evolution that brings you together.”可知，事实上，是进化让你们走到了一起。所以第五段列举古人的例子是为了证明是进化使朋友聚在一起，故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据“Among all the genes studied, those producing a change in sense of smell were the most similar in friends. This is probably because people who smell things in the same way are more easily drawn to similar environments. For example, people who like the smell of coffee may hang out at cafes more often and as a result are more likely to meet and become friends with each other.”可知，正确的关系为：相同的基因→发展相同的技能和爱好→成为朋友，故选B。
35．标题归纳题。根据“A study has found that you and your friends have more genes in common than strangers do.”可知，根据分数的目的制作应用程序，新应用程序的最佳名称应该是“基因之友”，故选D。
36．B 37．C 38．D 39．A

【导语】本文以坎迪的例子说明，优秀的领导者要为团队成员提供明确的反馈。
36．词义猜测题。根据前句“What they really need is feedback from their leaders.”可知，他们真正需要的是来自领导的反馈，坎迪并没有激发弗兰克的天赋，即能力。故选B。
37．推理判断题。根据第四段“But with a different mindset, she could have led her team to success and have been a likeable and critical leader.”可知，领导者和团队之间需要进行坦诚的沟通，故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段“Failing to question or criticize Frank’s work, Candy was in fact unkind.”以及最后一段“Back to Candy’s case. Not telling Frank how he was on the team only made a hard situation worse.”可知，不告诉弗兰克他在团队里的情况只会使情况变得更糟，坎迪应该清楚地告诉弗兰克她对他的表现的评价。故选D。
39．最佳标题题。根据第四段“A leader had better use open, honest, continuous and clear feedback to help solve someone’s best fit in their job or in the organization.”以及通读全文可知，优秀的领导者要为团队成员提供明确的反馈。所以本文的最佳标题是“成为一名优秀的领导者”。故选A。
40．G 41．B 42．F 43．A 44．C

【分析】对话主要是通过对方赢得了龙舟赛的事情引出了中国的传统节日——端午节，并提到吃粽子的事情。
40．句意：我们队在龙舟比赛中得了第一名。
根据前句You look happy today.以及后句Congratulations!可知，这里指的是让人高兴的事情，综合所给的选项可知，G选项符合，故选G。
41．句意：没有，一年只有一次。
根据前句Do you often have this activity?可知，这里是回答这个问题的，有关事情发生的频率的，所以B选项比较符合，故选B。
42．句意：这是中国的传统节日吗？
根据前句We don’t have such a festival in our hometown.以及后句Yes, it is.可知，这里说的应该是“这是中国特有的节日”，也就是传统节日，所给选项中F选项符合，故选F。
43．句意：我们也吃一种叫粽子的特殊食物。
根据后句Is it delicious?可知，这里说的是一种吃的东西，综合所给的信息可知，A选项符合，故选A。
44．句意：我明天带一些来。
根据前句And I am good at making it.以及后句That’s very kind of you. Thanks a lot.可知，这里应该是带给对方粽子，综合所给选项可知，C选项符合，故选C。
45．No. 46．Most teachers at that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way to grade students. 47．The writer wants to explain why there isn’t E grade in the grading system and why we have letter grades. 48．Yes. The letter grading system is an easy, fair and clear way to grade students.

【导语】本文主要介绍了在评分系统中没有E级，以及有字母等级的原因。
45．根据“When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework, you might notice that there is no letter E”可知，现在等级没有E级。故填No.
46．根据“Most teachers at that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way to grade students.”可知，大多数老师喜欢字母评分系统是因为它简单公平和明确。故填Most teachers at that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way to grade students.
47．根据“When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework, you might notice that there is no letter E.”和“Why do we have letter grades?”可知，这篇文章主要解释了在评分系统中没有E级，以及有字母等级的原因。故填The writer wants to explain why there isn’t E grade in the grading system and why we have letter grades.
48．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes. The letter grading system is an easy, fair and clear way to grade students.
49． hasn’t put
【详解】句意：他已经在汤里放了一些盐。分析句子可知，肯定句中的He’s是He has的缩写，变为否定句时，缩写成hasn’t。故填hasn’t；put。
50． What color
【详解】句意：床上的被子是橙色的。划线部分“orange”为颜色，用what color进行提问，故填What；color。
51． been open
【详解】句意：这家书店开业已经三十年了。根据“for thirty years”可知，句子中动词要用延续性动词，原句中动词open应改为be open，has后接过去分词，故填been；open。
52． grew up
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处grow up表示“长大”。根据前面部分可知本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填grew；up。
53． knocking at/on
【详解】knock at/on“敲门”，根据“When I got out of the kitchen”可知，空处强调听到某人正在做某事，hear sb doing sth表示“听到某人正在做某事”，现在分词作宾补，故填knocking；at/on。
54．to 55．celebrate 56．least 57．exercising 58．while 59．hours’ 60．worry 61．easy

【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一些健康的生活方式。

54．句意：由于更好的健康护理，大多数人活得更健康、更长寿。根据“most people are living healthier and longer lives”可知长寿的原因是“更好的健康护理”，thanks to意为“由于”，符合句意。故填to。

55．句意：人们甚至认为，在未来会有越来越多的人庆祝他们的百岁生日。根据“their hundredth birthdays”可知此处指庆祝生日。will是助动词，后面跟动词原形。故填celebrate。

56．句意：为了保持健康，你每天至少要走一万步。根据“walk at...10, 000 steps every day”可知此处指锻炼的方式，at least“至少”，符合语境。故填least。

57．句意：当农民在田里干活时，他们在锻炼身体。根据前面提到每天走一万步，可知此处指农民劳动也是一种锻炼，exercise意为“锻炼”，when引导的时间状语从句，主从句动作同时进行，因此用过去进行时。故填exercising。

58．句意：你应该偶尔吃一次。根据“Fast food is not healthy.”可知应该少吃不健康的食物，once in a while偶尔一次，符合语境。故填while。

59．句意：青少年不需要像婴儿那样多的睡眠，但对你来说，每晚睡八个小时是很重要的。根据“sleep a night”可知这里指的是每晚的睡眠。结合生活常识可知此处指“八小时的睡眠”，hour意为“小时”，eight修饰复数名词，因此用hours，中心语是sleep，因此hours用所有格形式。故填hours’。
60．句意：不要焦虑。根据“Be happy!”可知前一句指“不要焦虑”，don’t worry不要担心，焦虑。符合语境。故填worry。
61．句意：有时，由于学校、考试或友谊的困难，成为一名青少年并不容易。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作表语。根据“because of the difficulties of school, exams or friendships.”可知这些都是需要青少年处理的问题，因此对他们来说这个时期并不容易。easy“容易的”，符合语境。故填easy。
62．例文：
The harder, The better
In our life, we may meet with different kinds of difficulties. But how can we deal with them? Here is one of my own experiences.
When I first went into the middle school, I was too shy to communicate with others. And I was afraid to ask others questions that I couldn’t work out. I turned to my parents for help and they gave me useful suggestions. They told me that I needed to be brave to talk to others and make new friends. I tried my best to follow their suggestions and finally I did that.
Now I understand that I need to learn how to get over difficulties by myself with confidence.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主；
③提示：写作提示已给出，考生应以“The harder, The better”为题，写一篇书面表达讲述你初中三年的一次经历和感悟。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点题，表明每个人都会遇到困难；
第二步，具体阐述你遇到的困难是什么，以及怎样克服的；
第三步，总结，写出你从困难中学到了什么。
[亮点词汇]
①deal with 处理
②communicate with sb. 与某人交流
③turn to sb. for help 向某人求助
④try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力去做某事
[高分句型]
①When I first went into the middle school, I was too shy to communicate with others.（when引导时间状语从句）
②Now I understand that I need to learn how to get over difficulties by myself with confidence.（that引导宾语从句；“疑问词+不定式”作宾语）