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人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 First Aid课时训练
展开Section Ⅴ Summary and Writing
Ⅰ 重点词汇
1.radiate v. (使热、光、能量)辐射,放射→radiation n. 辐射;放射线
2.electricity n. 电;电能 →electric adj. 电的;用电的;电动的→electrical adj. 电的;用电的
3.nerve n. 神经→nervous adj. 焦虑的;神经质
4.loose adj. 松的;未系紧的;宽松的→loosen v. (使)变松;解开
5.urgent adj. 紧急的;急迫的;急切的→urgently adv. 紧急地;紧迫地
6.ease vt. 减轻;缓解 vi.& vt. 使容易;使顺利 n. 容易;舒适;自在→easy adj. 容易的→easily adv. 容易地
7.operate v. 运转;手术;操作→operator n. 电话接线员;操作员→operation n. 手术;操作
8.interrupt vi.& vt. 打断;打扰 vt. 使暂停;使中断→interruption n. 插嘴;中断
9.dine v. 进餐→diner n. (尤指餐馆的)就餐者
10.despair n. 绝望→desperate adj. 绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的
11.practice n. 实践→practical adj. 切实可行的;实际的;实践的
12.tight adj. 牢固的;紧身的;绷紧的;严密的 adv. 紧紧地;牢固地→tightly adv. 紧紧地;牢固地;紧密地
13.fog n. 雾;迷惘→foggy adj. 有雾的
14.member n. 成员;会员→membership n. 会员身份;全体会员;会员人数
15.manual adj. 用手的;手工的→manually adv. 用手地;手工地
16.sense of touch 触觉
17.electric shock 触电;电击
18.vital sign 生命体征
19.help sb. to one's feet 帮助某人站起身来
20.mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing 口对口人工呼吸
Ⅱ 教材原句
1.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.(P50)
治疗烧伤的第一步也是最重要的一步是进行急救。
2.These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once.(P50)
这些烧伤会造成非常严重的内伤,受害者必须马上去医院。
3.If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.(P51)
如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤,必须立即将其送往医院。
4.He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.(P56)
他的脸涨得通红,手放在自己的喉咙处,绝望的朋友们则在拍他的背。
5.Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion.(P56)
用另一只手握紧你的拳头,向上推向他的腹部。
6.We are all humans and we all have a responsibility to look after one
another's welfare.(P56)
我们都是人,有责任照顾彼此的幸福。
Ⅲ 书面表达 [读后续写——急救类故事]
急救类故事读后续写属于半限定类写作,要求在掌握基本急救常识和急救类词汇、句式的基础上,对故事的发展进行合理的续写。这既给予了充分的自由想象空间,同时又对词汇、内容和形式做了一定的限制,因为要用到许多急救类词汇。续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已经写好,这也在语句上对内容和形式进行了相应的限制。进行续写时需注意:
1.读懂前文,合理想象
急救类故事读后续写,即按要求给出急救类故事的结尾,应综合考量以下内容:急救情节与所给段落开头语的衔接程度;急救过程描述中所使用的关键词语;语法结构和急救类词汇运用的准确性;上下文的连贯性等。
2.前后呼应,注重细节
除了写作和思维能力,急救类故事更要考查对急救技术和急救类词汇、句式的运用能力,所以要注意以下技巧,做到文字通顺、上下衔接。
(1)根据主题句的用词、句式特点确定故事所描述的急救现场、施救对象的现状和对策。
(2)注意给定的段首提示语中的名词和代词,它们的指代和呼应,是上下文贯通的关键。
3.衔接自然,句式多变。善于运用各种句式、非谓语结构,注重一句话的多种表达形式。在急救类故事写作中,把急救类词汇、句式的表达,与现在分词、过去分词结构进行融合,做到时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、主语、定语等句式表达和分词短语表达的相互转换,按需选用表达形式,就能使得急救类故事续写在语言特色和篇章结构等方面灵活多变,精彩纷呈。
1.开头常用句式
①An unforgetable thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day.
一天,在亚瑟去上班的路上发生了一件令他难忘的事情。
②Today, traffic accidents are more and more common.
现在,交通事故越来越常见了。
③What shall we do if we see someone suffer from an electric burn?
如果我们看见有人被电灼伤应该怎么办?
④It scared me—two injured lay on the ground with things scattered all around.
我吓坏了——两个受伤的人躺在地上,东西散落得到处都是。
2.主体段落常用句式
①The young man got off and gave the injured a quick examination.
年轻人下车迅速给伤者做了检查。
②The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and I directly went in.
出租车停在了警察局前面,而我就直接进了车。
③Then Bob tried his best to start the person's breathing within two minutes.
然后,鲍勃在两分钟之内尽他最大的努力使这个人恢复了呼吸。
④My teacher pressed his handkerchief onto the bleeding point in my leg and held it to stop the bleeding.
我的老师用他的手帕按在我腿部的出血点上止住了血。
⑤He was bitten by a cat,so we had him wash the wound with cold running water before going to see a doctor.
他是被一只猫咬了,所以我们用清凉的自来水冲洗他的伤口,然后把他送医。
⑥But the cut was a little too serious. I had to wrap my scarf around his arm to prevent him losing too much blood, and Li Ping called for an ambulance.
但是刀伤有点太严重。我只好把我的围巾绑在他的胳膊上以免他失血过多,而李平则呼叫了救护车。
3.结尾常用句式
①Rick felt embarrassed but quite relieved.
里克感到既窘迫又宽慰。
②Every one of us should know something about first aid so we could save other people's lives.
我们每个人都应该学会一些急救知识,以便我们能够挽救别人的生命。
③What I had learned was that first aid in time could really save a person.
我所得到的体会就是急救及时真的能救人一命。
④It just shows that even the most basic first aid training can make a difference.
这恰恰说明,即使是最基本的急救训练也会带来不同的结果。
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Odis Banks was on his way to paying a bill in a shopping center and ended up saving a man's life.
He shared his story on Facebook:
I was on my way to paying a bill in the shopping center located between Samuel and Buckner in Pleasant Grove. I ended up sitting in the turning lane to enter the parking lot for 5 minutes, listening to car drivers honk their car horns and roll down their car windows to yell “get out of the way” and watched cars back up and go around a white Chevy truck.
I was like everyone else at first, ready for the truck to move out of the way. As I was turning I noticed that the guy that was driving was not moving. I drove on into the lot but before I got to the first speed bump I went to check. So I turned my car around and parked on the outskirts of the lot, got out and walked to the curb to see if anyone in the truck was moving but no one was. I decided to try to get 4 lanes of traffic to stop and allow me to get to the vehicle. As I reached the truck I could see a man sitting there with his eyes wide open but when I said something to him he was unresponsive. I kept telling him to pull over and talk to me if something was wrong but still no response.
His window was rolled down and it was raining. His clothes were drenched (使湿透) so I thought he had been rained on but no, no, no, he was drenched in sweat. I told him I was going to reach in and unlock his door and not to hit me. No response still. It seemed as if he was in a coma (昏迷). As I opened the door his foot came off the brakes and his truck started rolling forward. I had to stop the truck by punching the brakes with my hand and reach over to make the truck park. Seeing that he began having a seizure, I called up the ambulance.
Paragraph 1:
This man was probably unconscious.
Paragraph 2:
Maybe 3 minutes after getting him onto that truck bed he started spitting and coughing up blood.
[精彩范文]
Paragraph 1:
This man was probably unconscious. I picked him up, readjusted him and just started walking back to the other side of the street not thinking or worrying about the cars that were whizzing by until a group of drivers realized what I was doing and brought the moving vehicles to a halt. I crossed 4 lanes of traffic to get this man to the grass where I laid him down, and them returned to the truck to get it out of the street, parking it near my car. A few minutes later about 6 cars were there to help. Three of the people that got out were nurses.
Paragraph 2:
Maybe 3 minutes after getting him onto that truck bed he started spitting and coughing up blood. By the time the paramedics arrived he had come to himself. They took him into the ambulance, started running tests and found that his blood sugar level had dropped and would have died if something weren't done immediately because he was in a diabetic coma. I thank God for putting me in the right place at the right time.
【总评】
作者根据故事情节和所给段首句展开合理想象,把Odis进行急救的过程描述的生动形象,合情合理。急救过程中,Odis和其他帮助者以及赶来的医护人员共同努力,挽救了卡车司机的性命。
【亮点呈现】
(1)作者运用现在分词短语not thinking or worrying about the cars以及parking it near my car作伴随状语,用语灵活贴切,体现了作者较好的语言运用能力。
(2)that以及where所引导的定语从句、until和because引导的状语从句、what和that引导的宾语从句等高级句式承上启下,使得本文行文连贯,结构严谨。
(3)作者运用laid him down以及put me in the right place等词汇,准确表达了急救过程的特点。
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The saving of Miss Penni, our beloved hen, took place many years ago.
It was a cold winter. The freezing wind howled wildly all night. The snow was blinding, and we couldn't see much from the house as we looked toward the pasture. When the morning came, my three small children and I got up and put on warm socks, slippers, robes, long-sleeved shirts, blankets and made our way to the windows facing north. The wind blew hard from the west, and the snow made it hard for us to see the hen house.
As we peered out the window, narrowing our eyes and adjusting to the whiteout, we saw that the hen house was gone. Miss Penni and her two friends had been blown away by the cold northwest wind that still rattled our old farmhouse.
I let my imagination race for a moment. It felt as though we'd traveled back in time to the early 1800s, and a great storm had upset our delicate balance in an Illinois winter. We would need to go outside, pump the water, slop the hogs (we didn't have any), or make a long walk to the outhouses. I shook the fantasy off and came back to reality. I looked at the emptiness outside to make sure I wasn't missing something.
Then I saw it. No, I saw them—all three chickens—perched around the rim of a white 5-gallon bucket. I couldn't believe my eyes! How was this whipping, violent wind not dashing them into the field beyond? A miracle, I thought.
I opened the back room closet door and pulled on my husband's long snow pants and heavy winter coat. I pulled the hood up, wrapped a yellow and black scarf around my neck and stuck my feet into Roger's very large boots.
Paragraph 1:
I was alone, saving chickens for my children.
Paragraph 2:
Absent were their usual fluttering of wings and their fear of man, beast or any other creature.
写前导读:本文是一篇记叙文。在一个风雪交加的寒冷的冬夜,暴风刮倒了房子后面的鸡舍,“我”穿上能抵御寒冷的衣服,出来拯救那些鸡。“我”独自一人如何在睁不开眼的暴风雪中找到那些鸡的?一直在窗子里看着这一切的孩子们反应如何?
[精彩范文]
Paragraph 1:
I was alone, saving chickens for my children. They stared out the north window into the vast white sea of snow, their eyes peeling for any sign of movement. Pushing my way forward to the white, almost invisible bucket was difficult. As the snow swirled around me, I steadily made my way to the soft sound my chickens always made. When I reached them, I saw that their little feet were firmly clutching the rim of the bucket, and heads bent forward and away from the freezing wind.
Paragraph 2:
Absent were their usual fluttering of wings and their fear of man, beast or any other creature. They were hanging on for dear life, and fear didn't matter anymore. I quickly unzipped Roger's heavy coat, gently lifted each chickens and stuffed it carefully into the warm inside. After I had all three warming up inside my coat, I began the freezing walk back to the small shed directly behind our house. The doors to the shed were difficult to open, but somehow I managed to pull them apart. One by one I laid my chickens on the cold floor. As I shut the doors, my eyes went directly to the window where my children were watching. They jumped up and down, cheering for me.
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