高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Fascinating Parks精品当堂检测题

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单元知识回顾及优化集训


目标导航jing


重点
词汇
1．cuisine n．菜肴；风味；烹饪
2．prior adj.先前的；优先的
3．recipe n．烹饪法；食谱
4．chef n．厨师；主厨
5．stuff vt.填满；把……塞进 n．东西；物品
6．elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的
7．minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的 n．最小值；最少量
8．cabbage n．甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜
9．dessert n．(饭后)甜点
10．canteen n．食堂；餐厅
11．cafeteria n．自助餐厅；自助食堂
12．pork n．猪肉
13．somewhat adv.有点；稍微
14．madam n．夫人；女士
15．calorie n．卡路里(热量单位)
16．category n．类别；种类
17．fibre (especially US fiber) n．纤维；纤维制品
18．quantity n．数量；数额
19．ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n．理想；完美的人(或事物)
20．fundamental adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．基本规律；根本法则
21．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏
22．overall adv.总体上；大致上 adj.全面的；综合的
词汇
拓展
1．consist vi.由……组成(或构成)；在于→consistent adj.一致的；连续的
2．exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的→except prep.除……外→exception n．例外
3．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户→consumption n．消费；消耗
4．association n．协会；关联→associate vt.把……联系起来；交往 adj.副的
重点
词组
1．prior to在……之前的2．consist of由……组成(或构成)
3．slice...off切下4．regardless of不管；不顾




重点
句型
1．Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.
来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国食物已被改变以适应美国人的口味。
2．On the other hand，it does tell us a lot about Americans.
另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人有了很多的了解。
3．Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
4．Everywhere，the food was as varied as the people.
世界各地，食物和人一样多样。
5．And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.
在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。

知识点睛jing



一． association n.协会；关联；联想；交往
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The book on Chinese cuisine was published in (associate) with a local company.
(2)Prior to participating in the activity，I used to associate happiness money.
【答案】1.association2.with
【精讲】
•in association with...与……合作；与……有关联
•associate vt.联想；联系
associate...with...把……和……联系在一起
•be associated with...与……有关

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)这次展览是由当地政府联合一些剪纸艺术家共同组织的。
This exhibition was organized by the local government in association with several paper-cutting artists.
(4)只要你和思想积极的人交往，你一定会获得成功。
As long as you associate with positive-thinking people，it is certain that you are going to achieve success.
二． quantity n.数量；数额
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)A large quantity of ingredients (be) used by the chef working in the school canteen every day.
(2)Large quantities of desserts (be) consumed by the madam，who receives more calories than necessary.
【答案】1.is2.are
【精讲】
•a large/small quantity of；large/small quantities of，“大量的/少量的”，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。“a quantity of＋名词”作主语，谓语的数与其后所接名词的数保持一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。
•in quantity/in large quantities大量地

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我想推荐成都作为你的旅游目的地，因为成都有许多景点，例如都江堰。(应用文之推荐信)
I’d like to recommend Chengdu as your travel destination，because Chengdu has a large quantity of tourist attractions，such as Dujiangyan.
(4)得知你在打篮球方面有许多经验，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们的篮球俱乐部。(应用文之邀请信)
Learning that you have a large quantity of/large quantities of experience in playing basketball，I’m writing to sincerely invite you to join our basketball club.
三． trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏
v．欺骗；欺诈
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)These naughty boys played tricks the shy girl，who at last lost her temper.
(2)She tricked him giving up a large quantity of money belonging to him.
【答案】1.on 2.into
【精讲】
•play a trick/tricks on sb.捉弄某人
•trick sb.out of sth.骗取某人某物
trick sb.into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)作为一名来自美国的交换生，我喜欢吃水饺。你可以告诉我包水饺的诀窍吗？(应用文之求助信)
As an exchange student from America，I like eating dumplings.Would you please tell me the trick of making dumplings?

四． consist of由……组成(或构成)
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Life mainly consists happiness and sorrow while happiness consists in struggle.
(2)Keep in mind that our ideal life is not always consistent the reality.
【答案】1.of 2.with
【精讲】
•consist in在于；存在于；以……为主
•consist of＝be made up of＝be comprised of＝be composed of由……组成
注意：consist of没有进行时态和被动语态。
•consistent adj.一致的；连续的
be consistent with...与……一致

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)大家都知道，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。(读后续写之升华句)
①It is universally acknowledged that life not only sunshine but also storms.
②It is universally acknowledged that life not only sunshine but also storms.
③It is universally acknowledged that life not only sunshine but also storms.
④It is universally acknowledged that not only sunshine but also storms life.
(4)这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我校的历史和现状。
①The short film， ，introduces the history and present situation of our school.(运用分词短语作定语，consist)
②The short film， ，introduces the history and present situation of our school.(运用定语从句，consist)
【答案】3.consists of， is made up of ，is composed/comprised of ，make up4.consisting of two parts，which consists of two parts
五．regardless of不顾；不管
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Our club is open to everyone regardless age，sex or educational background.
(2)They continued to work regardless of the fact it was raining.
【答案】1.of 2.that
【精讲】
•regardless of 不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
regardless of the fact that...不顾……的事实
•in spite of＝despite尽管(后常接名词，不接从句)
•with regard to关于；至于

再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵
(3)不管有多大的挑战，为了给妹妹赢一双新鞋，阿里(Ali)决定参加跑步比赛。尽管在比赛中意外摔倒，阿里还是跳了起来，冲向终点线。至于结果，阿里赢得了三等奖，获得了新鞋，像鸟儿一样飞奔回家。
Regardless of great challenges，Ali was determined to take part in the running race to win a new pair of shoes for his sister.In spite of/Despite an unexpected fall during the race，Ali jumped to his feet and dashed towards the finish line.With regard to the result，Ali won the third prize，got the new shoes，and flew to his home like a bird.
六．形容词(短语)作状语
Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
【精讲】
形容词tired，hungry和现在分词短语not knowing a word of Chinese在本句中作状语。
形容词(短语)作状语：
(1)说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时，主语所处的状态。
(2)表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。

能力提升——完美写作·句型转换/完成句子·背诵
(1)They were excited and moved.They were in tears.(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)
→ ，they were in tears.(形容词短语作状语)
(2)I was afraid of not finding our way to the farm.I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
→ ，I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.(形容词短语作状语)
(3)使我们欣慰的是，丢失的孩子10天后回到家，筋疲力尽但很健康。
To our relief，the missing child returned home ten days later， .
【答案】1.Excited and moved2.Afraid of not finding our way to the farm3.exhausted but healthy
七． 倍数表达法
And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。
【精讲】
倍数的表达方式：
•A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B
•A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B
•A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length...)＋of B

分层练习


题组A 基础过关练
一.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共10分)
1．Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature，thus creating a (稳定的) environment.
2．While the lady looks (文雅的)，actually she is hard to get along with.
3．They firmly believe that color is (基本的) in home design.
4．The increase of energy will even make you more willing to exercise，and that will raise your (总体上) energy even more.
5．The two office buildings are (有点) alike in appearance.
6．All the young people know that eating too much food is bad for their health，but they can’t resist it.
7．He couldn’t join the army，because he was below the height allowed by the rules.
8．To my amazement，he lost his suddenly and threw a glass vase at her.
9．Although he is famous all over the country，he is still quite .
10．Literature can be divided into two main ：fiction and non-fiction.
【答案】1.stable2.elegant3.fundamental4.overall5.somewhat6.junk 7.minimum 8.temper 9.modest10.categories
二.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共10分)
11．Success in the ability to make efforts through failures.(consist)
12．All students without (exceptional) must take the English exam.
13．When it comes to ， in the developed countries the most energy in the world.(consume)
14．The Student is organizing many physical activities，because health is with exercise.(associate)
15．The novel (consist) of ten chapters is popular with teenagers all over the world.
【答案】11.consists ，consistent 12.exception13.consumption，consumers ，consume 14.Association ，associated 15.consisting
三.经典句型仿写 (每小题2分，共10分)
16．当被问到发生了什么事时，他一句话也不说。
，he kept silent.
17．我们确实希望今后有更多有意义的活动。(强调谓语)
t there will be more meaningful activities in the coming future.
18．他僵在那里，睁大眼睛看着这恐怖的场景。(形容词短语作状语)
He froze on the spot， .
19．她的心灵像雪一样纯洁。(as...as...)
.
20．我花在学习上的时间是你的三倍。(倍数的用法)
I spent
【答案】16.When he was asked what had happened17.We do hope that 18.wide-eyed at the horrible scene19.Her soul is as pure as snow20.three times as much time on my study as you did
题组B 能力提升练
一．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The wedding cake cutting is an important tradition of the wedding ceremony.The cutting of the cake by the bride and the bridegroom represents their first act of sharing.__1__．Although its meaning has varied in different ages and different cultures, the wedding cake remains an important attraction of the wedding ceremony.
The cake cutting is a lucky moment for the couple as well as the guests who have come to share their happiness and give their best wishes to the couple.__2__．This is done so that all the guests can enjoy the moment of cutting the wedding cake.Not only is this a memorable occasion for the bride and bridegroom, but it’s also a splendid opportunity to catch a few fun moments.
__3__
The bridegroom places his right hand on the bride’s hand holding the decorated and pretty cake knife to cut the cake.
The couple cuts the first piece of the wedding cake and the bridegroom feeds the slice to the bride first and then the bride to the bridegroom.
Then the cake is cut into pieces and shared with all the guests.
__4__．The cake knife and servers are decorated and matched with the cake.They have to be kept at the right place before cutting the cake.This helps the couple in cutting the cake at the right moment.The catering staff has to arrange for forks, plates to serve the cake to all the guests.__5__．The cost that they charge for the cake cutting is called wedding cake fees.
A．Slice the cake for every guest at present
B．The wedding cake is cut in the following manner
C．There are some skills to cut the wedding cake properly
D．The cake cutting becomes a successful event if planned in advance
E．The cake cutting is announced minutes before the actual ceremony
F．The cake stands for happiness and good fortune for the married couple
G．Nowadays there’re caterers who will cut the cake and serve them to the guests
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，作者简单分析了婚礼蛋糕的意义和习俗后，主要介绍了如何切婚礼蛋糕以及切婚礼蛋糕的准备工作。
1．F　【解析】考查承上启下句。空前讲了切蛋糕的意义，后面的内容分析了婚礼蛋糕虽然在不同时代不同文化中，其意义可能不一样，但是婚礼蛋糕在婚礼仪式上是一个重要的看点。所以本空内容应围绕蛋糕的意义展开，F项符合语境
2．E　【解析】考查细节支撑句。本空前面谈：切蛋糕不仅对于新人来说很重要，是幸运的时刻，对于宾客来说也是和新人分享幸福和向他们表达祝福的时刻。本空后面讲到这样做是想让所有宾客看到和分享新人切蛋糕的幸福时刻。由此可知，本空应该在谈：切蛋糕这个活动在举行仪式的前几分钟要向宾客宣布。后句的This指的是宣布切蛋糕这件事情。
3．B　【解析】考查段落主旨句。下文具体谈切婚礼蛋糕的流程：新郎新娘共同握刀，切下第一块互喂对方以及与宾客共享。故用B项总结下面三点内容。
4．D　【解析】考查段落主旨句。本段主要讲如何为切蛋糕做好准备工作。比如切蛋糕的用具要装饰好，应与蛋糕相搭配，并且放到正确的位置，以便新郎和新娘在恰当的时间切蛋糕。故本空选D项。
5．G　【解析】考查细节支撑句。本空后面谈到他们为新人切蛋糕要收费。所以本空选G项。空后“they charge for the cake cutting”信息中的they指的是G项中的caterers，也是对答案的暗示。
阅读理解
It was an autumn day, and I was standing in the kitchen, hanging my head over the counter and trying to figure out how many calories were in a bowl of homemade yogurt and fruit.And I felt annoyed.
I was 16, and my best friend and I had gone to our first Weight Watchers meeting.It was the trend in the mid－1980s, and even though I was an athlete, like many teen girls, I didn’t necessarily like what I saw in the mirror.But after a week or so of recording every meal and snack and calculating the calories, I had had enough.I went back to my routine of chewing whatever I wanted, running and skiing, and let that be that.And it’s still pretty much what I do；as long as the workouts are regular and the food is whole and balanced, my body’s set point hasn’t varied for years.
The weight loss trend of three decades ago—full of scales and counting calories—has fallen away.Now fasting (禁食) is popular.The ways to keep fit vary：on the 5：2 diet a person eats for five days and fasts for two days each week, while the 18：6 refers to fasting for 18 hours and then eating within a six－hour window each day.
In this issue, Associate Editor Mark Barna tries to understand the science behind the fasting plans.Researchers have found that animals like monkeys age more slowly after years of eating less, and in the lab in humans, they saw improvements in a number of signs that indicated the risk of some hard to cure diseases.The hope for healthy weight loss isn’t over yet, but at least now the calculators don’t have to be out at every meal.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者把每顿正餐和快餐的量记录下并计算出它们的热量，但坚持这么做了一个星期左右就义无反顾地回归了过去的生活方式，想吃什么就吃什么。
1．What made the author annoyed?
A．Her body was not as strong as an athlete’s.
B．There were too many calories in the yogurt and fruit.
C．The Weight Watchers meeting was not necessary for her.
D．She had to work out the calories in every meal and snack.
2．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “chewing”？
A．Eating. B．Doing.
C．Cooking. D．Choosing.
3．How do people keep fit now?
A．They limit the calories they take in.
B．They lose weight only.
C．They fast daily or weekly.
D．They eat enough every day.
4．What do we know about the researchers’ finding in this passage?
A．People grow more slowly if they eat less.
B．People are healthier if they eat less.
C．People have stopped losing weight now.
D．People calculate their food for every meal.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者把每顿正餐和快餐的量记录下并计算出它们的热量，但坚持这么做了一个星期左右就义无反顾地回归了过去的生活方式，想吃什么就吃什么。
1.D　【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“But after a week or so of recording every meal and snack and calculating the calories，I had had enough.”可知，I had had enough与第一段中的“And I felt annoyed.”相呼应，故D项正确。
2.A　【解析】词义猜测题。上文作者说自己曾通过控制摄入食物的热量来减肥，她后来坚持不下去了。根据画线词所在句中的I went back to my routine of和and let that be that及后面的句子可推知，此处表达的是“我义无反顾地回到了过去的生活方式——想吃什么就吃什么，跑跑步，滑滑雪。”chewing whatever I wanted意为“吃任何我想吃的东西”，故A项正确。
3.C　【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Now fasting is popular.The ways to keep fit vary...”可知，现在人们减肥的方法是禁食，禁食的方法分为“每周型”和“每日型”，故C项正确。
4.B　【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...and in the lab in humans，they saw improvements in a number of signs that indicate risk of some hard to cure diseases.”可知，研究人员发现在长年的少量进食后，人类患上顽疾的可能性会降低，故B项正确。

题组C 培优拔尖练
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lately, I have been thinking about creative dreams.Painting is a creative dream of 1.____________ (I)．Occasionally I create paintings，with names like piglet with coffee, frog prince and giraffe.I sometimes wonder if there would be people out there 2.____________ (interest) in my works.However, I don’t have a wide enough 3.____________ (collect) of works.I 4.____________(make) resolutions in the past to do a painting every month.However, I don’t stick to the plan，because, well, 5.____________ goal just isn’t urgent enough and it easily gets swept away by 6.____________ (million) of other things I have to do.
So I came up with a plan.Perhaps I should try to accomplish a lot of works in a short time.Say seven new paintings in 14 days.Although this idea excited me, it scared me, too.7.____________(normal) I will finish a painting in a couple of days.
However, I don’t have to be content with what I create in these two weeks.Being satisfied 8.____________ the results would obviously make me happy.69.____________ if I don’t like what I have created, it just means that I have spent two weeks intensively 70.____________ (develop) my painting skills.
I am starting today.However, I have no idea yet of what I want to paint.
【语篇解读】　作者打算囤积一些自己的绘画作品办一个画展，结果做好一切，准备开始时，却无从下笔。
1．mine　【解析】考查名词性物主代词。根据句意可知，该处mine是指我的梦想。句意：绘画是我的一个具有创造性的梦想。
2．interested　【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处interested为过去分词作后置定语，be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”。句意：我有时候想知道是否有人会对我的作品感兴趣。
3．collection　【解析】考查词形变化。根据句意可知，此处是指作品集，故要用collect的名词形式。句意：然而，我并没有足够多的作品集。
4．made　【解析】考查动词时态。根据后文in the past，故此处谓语动词用过去式。
5．the　【解析】考查冠词。根据上下文可知，这个目标是指上文提到的每月画一幅画，因为是上文提到过的事，故前面要用定冠词the。句意：然而，我并没有坚持这个计划，因为，好吧，这个目标并没有那么紧迫，而且它很容易就被大量的其他必须要做的事所替代。
6．millions　【解析】考查名词复数。固定结构millions of指“上百万的，大量的”。句意见上题。
7．Normally　【解析】考查词形变化。本句缺少一个副词，normally意为“正常情况下”。句意：正常情况下，我会在几天之内完成一幅画。
8．with　【解析】考查介词。be satisfied with意为“对……满意的”。句意：对自己的作品满意很显然会让我高兴。
9．Even　【解析】考查固定搭配。even if即使。句意：但是，即使我不喜欢自己创作的画，这也仅仅意味着我曾花了两周的时间集中来提高自己的绘画技巧。
10．developing　【解析】考查非谓语动词。句型spend...doing...意为“花费……做……”。句意见上题。