人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Welcome unit精品精练

01 Reading and Thinking

Important words and phrases

  exchange, lecture, design, campus, anxious, annoy,frightened, outgoing, impress,explore, confidence, improve,

  curious

senior high school, make an impression, what if, concentrate on, leave...alone, look forward to, take notes

【核心词汇】

1. anxious

词性：____________  意思：_____________

be anxious for sb. /about sth. ( = be worried/concerned about sb./sth.)为某人／某事担心／担忧be anxious for… (= be eager for/be keen on…)渴望……

be anxious (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望（某人）做某事

be anxious that…渴望…… （从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略）

anxiously adv.焦虑地，忧虑地

anxiety n.担心；忧虑；渴望

with anxiety 焦虑地

anxiety for 对……的渴望

anxiety about/over 对……的忧虑

anxiety to do sth. 对做某事的渴望

练习：Parents are naturally _________ for their children.

2. annoyed

词性：____________  意思：_____________

be annoyed with 对……生气

be annoyed at/about 对……恼火

be annoyed by 对……感到不快

be annoyed to do sth.对于做某事感到生气

annoy  v. 使恼怒，使生气

annoyance  n. 烦恼，生气

to one's annoyance让某人恼火的是

annoying adj. 使烦恼的；使生气的

练习：The father is ________ with his son.

3. senior

词性：____________  意思：_____________

senior high school高中

be senior to sb. 比某人的地位／职位高

“比……年长”的表达：

be senior to sb. by…year(s)

be…year(s) senior to sb.

be one's senior by...year(s)

练习：He is also a diplomat, but __________ to me.

4. impression

词性：____________  意思：_____________

have a(n). impression of… 对有……印象

leave/make a(n). impression on sb. 给某人留下……印象

(be) under the impression that… 以为…… (通常指）误认为……

impress v.给……留下深刻的好印象，使钦佩；使铭记；使意识到（重要性或严重性等）

be impressed with/by sth. 对某事印象深刻；被某事感动

impress sth. on sb. 使某人牢记某事

be impressed on one's mind/memory 印入某人的脑海／记忆中

练习：I have a very good _____________ of him.

5. confident

词性：____________  意思：_____________

be confident about 对……有信心

be confident of (doing) sth. 对（做）……有把握

be confident that…确信……

confidence n.信心；自信

lack of confidence 缺乏自信

with confidence 有把握

have confidence in… 对……有信心

have confidence to do sth. 有信心做某事

confidently adv.自信地，大胆地

练习：The team is ___________ of winning.

6. concentrate

词性：____________  意思：_____________

concentrate on (doing)sth. 专心于（做）某事

concentrate (one's attention) on 全神贯注于，集中注意力于

“集中注意力于”的其他常见表达：

fix/focus (one's attention) on

pay attention to

put one's heart into

be absorbed/buried in

be devoted to

concentration  n. 专心，专注，关注，重视

练习：A driver should ___________ on the road when driving.

7. leave… alone

意思：_____________

leave构成的其他短语：

leave aside 搁置一边；不予考虑

leave out 遗漏；不包括，不提及

leave off停止（做某事）

leave for动身去……，前往……

leave behind 把……抛在后面；永久离开

leave sth.to sb. 把某事托给某人处理；把某物留给某人

练习：Could you leave me _________?

答案：

1. anxious  2. annoyed  3. senior  4. impression  5. confident  6. concentrate  7. alone

【核心句型】

1．句型公式：What if ...？要是……会怎么样呢？

(教材p.4)What if no one talks to me?

要是没人跟我说话怎么办呢？

[佳句]　What if this problem has to be solved in the next half an hour?

在接下来的半小时里，要是必须解决这个问题会怎样呢？

[练透]　单句语法填空

①What _____ she finds out that you've lost her book? 

②Why not _________ (give) him a second chance?

[写美]　补全句子

③____________________________________ tonight? A new film is on show.

今天晚上去看电影怎么样？有一部新电影正在上演。

[点津]　What if常用来提出假设、建议、邀请、要求等，意为“要是……会怎么样呢？”，后面经常跟一般现在时，有时根据语境也可以跟虚拟语气。

2．句型公式：find＋sb/sth＋宾语补足语“发现……处于……状态”

(教材p.4)I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.

我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人。

句中“most of my classmates and teachers”为宾语，“friendly and helpful”为宾语补足语。

[佳句]　You will find paper cutting not difficult if you keep practising it.

如果你坚持练习，你会发现剪纸并不难。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①He found his daughter_________________ (surround) by letters and books and looking very worried.

②A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______________ (smoke) in the kitchen.

③After we saw the film, we found it very __________________ (interest).

[写美]　补全句子

④Now she _________________________________________ and she enjoys it when she can speak fluent English.

现在她觉得练习说英语很有趣，她很高兴能说一口流利的英语。

答案：

① if ②give③What about going to the cinema

① surrounded②smoking ③ interesting ④finds it interesting to practise speaking English

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Mr.Smith will give us a ________(演讲) on how to get used to senior high school life quickly.

2．Tu Youyou is a very famous ________(女性的)scientist in the world.

3．No one is allowed to drive a car on ________(校园)．

4．She wants to be a ________(设计师) after graduation.

5．She is studying the relationship between age, ______(性别), education and income.

【答案】1.lecture　2.female　3.campus　4.designer　5.sex

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．You can exchange ideas ________ your parents and try to get their help.

2．—What is your ________(nation)?

—I am Chinese.

3．So far, 42 students ____________(register) for the course.

4．This passageway is specially designed ________ the disabled.

5．Don’t be nervous.It is just an ________ (formal) party.

【答案】1.with　2.nationality　3.have registered  4．for　5.informal

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Middle School Laboratory Safety Rules

Science is about discovering and exploring the natural world.Explorations can occur in the classroom, laboratory or field.As part of your science lessons, you will take part in many activities using many different materials, equipment and chemicals, which can be dangerous if not used correctly.As a result, you may be faced with biological, chemical or physical hazards.

Safety is THE MOST IMPORTANT thing.The following safety rules have been developed for the protection and safety of everyone.

★Behave yourself in a responsible way at all times.Risky behaviours such as throwing things and doing experiments without teachers’ instructions are not allowed.

★Eating, drinking, chewing gum, wearing make-up, touching contact lenses(隐形眼镜) or other unsafe activities are not allowed.

★Do not enter or work in the laboratory unless an instructor is present.

★Never enter areas where chemicals are kept.

★Taking any chemicals or equipment away from the classroom or laboratory is not allowed.

The safety rules must be followed at all times.Review these rules with your teacher and parents；then sign and get the signature(签名)of a parent.The signature shows that you understand the lab can be dangerous, and that you have read the rules and agree to follow them at all times.Signatures are needed before you can go on with any lab or science classroom activity.

(　　)1.What does the underlined word “hazards” probably mean in Paragraph 1?

A．Illnesses. B．Examinations.

C．Dangers. D．Experiments.

(　　)2.Which of the following might be allowed in the lab?

A．Drinking soda. 

B．Having breakfast.

C．Taking away chemicals. 

D．Wearing glasses.

(　　)3.What should students do after reading the text?

A．Sign to agree to the rules.

B．Get a teacher’s signature.

C．Take a test on safety rules.

D．Go on with lab activities.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了同学们在实验室需要遵守的一些规则以及制度，以此保证同学们在实验过程中的安全。

1．C　词义猜测题。根据前句中“which can be dangerous if not used correctly”可知，如果你没有使用正确，则会让自己处于危险之中。故画线词hazards意为“危险”。

2．D　细节理解题。根据第二个星号所在段中“Eating, drinking, chewing gum, wearing make-up, touching contact lenses(隐形眼镜) or other unsafe activities are not allowed.”可知，吃东西、喝饮料、嚼口香糖以及化妆和戴隐形眼镜是不被允许的。D项(戴眼镜)未在禁止之列，是可以的。

3．A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Review these rules with your teacher and parents; then sign and get the signature(签名)of a parent.”可知，学生要仔细浏览这些规则，并在家长的陪同下签名以表示你同意遵守这些规则，故学生读了这篇文章后应该签字同意这些规则。

★阅读加油站

laboratory n．实验室　explore v．探索

safety rules 安全守则　as a result结果

Behave yourself in a responsible way at all times.

始终以负责任的方式行事。

Ⅱ.完形填空

“None of us get out of life alive, so be brave and be thankful for all the opportunities you have.” Those were __1__ words said by 18-year-old Jake Bailey, a cancer patient.

Bailey was in the leading position of the Students’ Union.The young man had planned to __2__ at his high school’s end-of-year ceremony(典礼)on schedule.__3__, just the week before, he received shocking __4__.After several weeks of not feeling well, tests showed that he had a fast-growing form of cancer.Doctors said, without treatment, he would only have weeks to live, so they didn’t __5__ him to take part in the event.But Bailey put on his school uniform along with his __6__ face and left his hospital bed to give the inspiring speech to his __7__.Without doubt, his appearance __8__ everyone at the ceremony.Sitting in the wheelchair, he began to __9__ his ideas.He expressed that a strong-willed person would not easily __10__, no matter how hard life was.

At the speech, Bailey encouraged his schoolmates to __11__ their time.“The future is truly in our hands.__12__ about having impractical long-term dreams.Let’s be devoted to short-term goals，” he continued.“We don’t know where we might end up, or when we will end up, so work with pride on what is __13__ us.”

When the senior __14__ his speech with the school’s motto, “Altiora Peto，” which means “I fight for higher things，” the entire room burst into cheers.__15__, Bailey’s message was heard loud and clear.Bailey then closed his eyes and mouthed the words “Thank you.”

(　　)1.A.upset B．extra

C．inspiring  D．amazing

(　　)2.A.speak B．chat

C．sing D．debate

(　　)3.A.So B．Instead

C．Besides D．However

(　　)4.A.fault B．attack

C．news  D．pain

(　　)5.A.persuade B．allow

C．warn  D．organize

(　　)6.A.determined B．frightened

C．satisfied D．surprised

(　　)7.A.friends B．families

C．schoolmates D．roommates

(　　)8.A.amused B．shocked

C．affected D．frightened

(　　)9.A.explain B．form

C．share D．change

(　　)10.A.turn up B．give in

C．break up D．cut down

(　　)11.A.gain B．spare

C．spend D．treasure

(　　)12.A.Forget B．Talk

C．Care D．Dream

(　　)13.A.in place of B．in front of

C．in charge of D．in search of

(　　)14.A.replaced B．ended

C．began D．decorated

(　　)15.A.Finally B．Actually

C．Obviously D．Entirely

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位18岁的癌症患者按原计划在他高中的年终典礼上发言的故事。他表示：无论生活多么艰难，一个意志坚强的人是不会轻易屈服的。

1．C　根据空前“so be brave and be thankful for all the opportunities you have(所以要勇敢，要感谢你所拥有的所有机会)”和后文中“give the inspiring speech to his __7__”可知，这位18岁的癌症患者说的话是inspiring(鼓舞人心的)。upset沮丧的；extra额外的；amazing令人惊讶的。

2．A　根据前文中“Those were __1__ words said by 18-year-old Jake Bailey”和后文中“give the inspiring speech to his __7__”可知，这个年轻人原计划在他高中的年终典礼上发言(speak)。chat聊天；sing唱歌；debate辩论。

3．D　根据下文“tests showed that he had a fast-growing form of cancer”和上文的“had planned”可知，此处是转折关系，故应用However(然而)。So所以；Instead相反；Besides另外。

4．C　然而，就在一周前，他收到了令人震惊的消息(news)。fault错误，缺点；attack攻击；pain疼痛。

5．B　结合空前“he would only have weeks to live”可知，医生不允许(allow)他参加活动。persuade劝说，允许；warn警告；organize组织。

6．A　根据空后“left his hospital bed to give the inspiring speech”可知，他脸上是坚定的(determined)表情。frightened感到害怕的；satisfied感到满意的；surprised感到惊讶的。

7．C　根据后文中“At the speech, Bailey encouraged his schoolmates to __11__ their time.”可知，他是给他的校友们(schoolmates)做演讲。friends朋友；families家人；roommates室友。

8．B　毫无疑问，他的意外出现震惊了(shocked)典礼上的每一个人。amused逗笑；affected影响；frightened使害怕。

9．C　坐在轮椅上，他开始分享(share)他的想法。explain解释；form组成；change改变。

10．B　他表示，无论生活多么艰难，一个意志坚强的人是不会轻易屈服的(give in)。turn up出现，露面，调大；break up打碎；cut down砍倒。

11．D　在演讲中，Bailey鼓励同学们珍惜(treasure)时间。gain获得；spare抽出，匀出；spend花费。

12．A　根据空后impractical(不切实际的)可知，要忘掉(Forget)不切实际的长期梦想。Talk谈论；Care关心；Dream梦想。

13．B　我们不知道会在哪里结束，也不知道什么时候结束，所以要自豪地面对我们面前的(in front of)一切。in place of代替；in charge of负责，管理；in search of寻找。

14．B　当那位高年级学生以校训结束(ended)他的演讲时。replaced替代；began开始；decorated装饰。

15．C　显然(Obviously)，Bailey传达的信息清晰响亮。Finally最后；Actually事实上；Entirely完全地。

语法填空

The university I attend has about 3,500 students.One early afternoon, I 1.______(walk) around the campus when I found a female student seated on the walkway 2.______ tears on her face.Everyone just walked by her, so I decided 3.______(stop) to give her a hand.I dropped my books and sat down beside her.4.______ turned out that she injured her ankle(脚踝)and was unable to walk.So I told her that I would sit with her until she was ready to get up.It only took a few 5.______(minute) for her to calm down.Then I took her by the hand and got her to the 6.______(near) hospital.

She thanked me so much for just stopping! Since then, 7.______ we run into each other occasionally on campus, she would smile and thank me again.And we have become good friends now.I am amazed that just my 8.______(sit) there, offering support and comfort to a total stranger would affect her so 9.______(great)．She said she was grateful for what I 10.______(do), which made her feel that she was not alone in the world.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在校园散步时帮助一个受伤女生的故事。

1．was walking　考查动词时态。句意：一天刚过中午不久，我正在校园里散步，这时候发现一个女学生坐在人行道上，脸上挂着泪水。本句为“sb.was/were doing sth.when…”句型，意为“某人正在做某事，这时……”，故本空应用过去进行时态。

2．with　考查介词。根据句意可知，2.______ tears on her face为“with＋宾语＋介词短语作宾语”构成的with复合结构，故本空应填介词with。

3．to stop　考查动词不定式。句意：每个人都从她身边走过，所以我决定停下来帮她一把。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语。

4．It　考查it作形式主语。句意：结果证明她的脚踝受伤了，不能走路。It turned out that…意为“结果证明……”，其中it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。

5．minutes　考查名词复数。句意：她只用了几分钟就平静下来了。根据空前“a few”可知，本空应用名词复数形式。

6．nearest　考查形容词最高级。句意：然后我拉着她的手把她送到最近的医院。根据空前定冠词the可知，本空应用形容词的最高级形式。

7．when　考查时间状语从句。句意：从那时起，当我们偶尔在校园里相遇时，她都会微笑着再次感谢我。根据句意可知，本空引导时间状语从句，故应用when引导。

8．sitting　考查动名词。句意：我很惊讶，我仅仅坐在那里，给一个完全陌生的人提供支持和安慰，会对她产生如此大的影响。根据空前my可知，本空应用动名词形式。

9．greatly　考查副词。本空修饰动词affect，故应用副词greatly。

10．had done　考查时态。句意：她说她很感激我所做的事，这让她觉得她在这个世界上并不孤单。根据句意可知，本空动作发生在said之前，表示“过去的过去”，故本空应用过去完成时。

Like many other students, you may have various people,  1  （include） family members and friends, giving input on your college decision.

While many of your trusted relatives and peers（同龄人） may have very   2  （value） advice that can help you to make the decision, finally the choice is yours and yours alone. Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will make you truly happy and   3  （satisfy）, so keep that at the front of your mind.

Moreover, fully consider each option. It can be easy   4  （let） a particular school become a front runner early on   5  your decision-making process, and it may even become the winning choice—but be sure to carefully evaluate every school   6  has accepted you, since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.

Do keep   7  open mind. Students can change majors, but remember that there’s no re-living a certain semester（学期）, and there’s no making up for lost time. Don’t go to a school   8  （specific） for a high school relationship  9  to make someone else happy. A  10  （student） college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.

1. including

[解析]考查介词。空格后跟名词短语family members and friends作宾语，应用介词including，意为“包括”。

2. valuable

[解析]考查形容词。设空处应用形容词作定语修饰后面的名词advice，故填valuable。

3. satisfied

[解析]考查形容词。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，and连接两个并列成分，故设空处应填表示人感受的形容词satisfied作宾补，意为“满意的”。

4. to let

[解析]考查不定式。此处为“it+be+adj.+to do sth.”句型，it作形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。故填to let。

5. in/during

[解析]考查介词。in...process/in the process of...是固定搭配，意为“在……的过程中”，也可用during表示“在……期间”。

6. that

[解析]考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词school，指物，并且先行词前有every修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。

7. an

[解析]考查冠词。keep an open mind表示“保持开放心态；思想开明；愿意聆听（或接受）意见”。

8. specifically

[解析]考查副词。此处修饰介词短语for a high school relationship，应用副词作状语。故填specifically。

9. or

[解析]考查连词。for a high school relationship和to make someone else happy是并列成分，表示另一种可能，意为“或者”，应用连词or。

10. student’s

[解析]考查名词所有格。此处student与后文college experience构成所属关系，结合空格前的不定冠词A可知，此处指“一个学生的大学经历”，故应用所有格形式student’s。