2024版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价14Unit3DiverseCultures新人教版必修第三册

课时质量评价(十四)

必修第三册　UNIT 3

主题语境：不同民族文化习俗与传统节日

Ⅰ．阅读理解

A

“One day I went to a Swedish friend's house and while we were playing in his room, his mum yelled that dinner was ready．He told me to WAIT in his room while they ate！”an Internet user shared on a media platform．Consequently, there was a lot of criticism of the Swedes．Many said they wouldn't dream of being so mean in their culture．Would a host in Sweden really not invite a guest to join their meal if it's dinnertime?

It does happen, says Richard Tellstrom, a food historian at Stockholm University．He says this so­called “non­hospitality”was customary when he was a kid in the 1960s and 1970s．If he was over a friend's house and it was time for dinner, he would go back to his own house to eat．Or he would stay and wait in another room while his friend finished his meal．Then they'd continue playing．

“Some Swedes think feeding a guest creates a sense of duty，”explains Tellstrom．“And in a society that values equality and independence, people don't want to put a burden on someone or feel like they owe someone something．”However, it wasn't a universal rule．Families in the countryside, for example, were more likely to feed guests．People lived farther apart, so it wasn't as easy for people to go home and eat．The “no dinner for you”policy has slowly faded, says Tellstrom．“Since the 1990s, food has become a new symbol in society．We have open kitchens．People like to dine there and show off their cooking．”

But non­sharing hosts haven't entirely disappeared, says Mohini Mehta, a food scholar．She admits she had a tough time adjusting to life in Sweden when she moved there in 2020．She was used to cooking dinner every day for friends and hosting dinner parties almost weekly in India．She learned that in some cultures, like her own, sharing a meal with someone is a way to break the ice — but this isn't always the case for Swedes．

1．For what purpose is Paragraph 1 written?

A．To introduce the topic meal­sharing．

B．To release the netizen's bad feelings．

C．To offer a platform to generate ideas．

D．To compare some foreign food cultures．

2．What does the underlined word “customary”in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Particular．　　 B．Optional．

C．Normal．    D．Unreasonable．

3．Why do some hosts choose non­hospitality according to Tellstrom?

A．Because food represents a symbol of social status．

B．Because they don't want to show off their cooking．

C．Because it is wildly acknowledged across the country．

D．Because their culture values equality and independence．

4．How is the text developed?

A．By giving examples．

B．By analysing reasons．

C．By providing statistics．

D．By making comparisons．

B

(2022·淄博二模)In some snow­covered villages in Altay district of Xinjiang, it's common in winter to see local herdsmen (牧民) with planks attached to their feet, climb the snowy slopes without any other form of assistance．The pair of planks is wrapped with horsehide (马皮), which serves a double purpose．Remarkably, the horsehide not only can provide friction to prevent skiers from slipping while going up the hills, but also can help them slide more smoothly down the hills．

According to rock carvings uncovered in the area by archaeologists, such skis have served for around 12，000 years as a means of transportation for the snowfield people of Altay, especially those who had to travel a long way in the snow to herd animals or hunt．The fur skis gradually lost their popularity in recent decades after paved roads linked houses to the outside world．However, in response to the nation's goal of brightening up grassroots enthusiasm for ice and snow sports, Altay plans to protect and promote its skiing culture and better pass along its skiing tradition to future generations．

Silambek Sakish, 67, a herdsman in the village of Altay, began to learn the craft at the age of 15 from his father．He would cut high­quality pine into a plank and then bend the plank's front end after the wood was heated in a fire．Wrapping the plank with horsehide was the last step．

Sakish was honoured as an heritor of the craft of making fur skis in 2010, which had been assigned as an intangible (非物质) cultural heritage of Xinjiang．His works are exhibited in ski places, airports and train stations across Altay and also at the display centre for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics to promote the district's deep historical connection to skiing．More young people have come to him to learn the craft, and his youngest son, who is 31, has followed in his footsteps to carry on the tradition．

5．What is a function of horsehide?

A．Keeping sliding more slowly．

B．Adding the friction up the hills．

C．Weakening the friction up the hills．

D．Increasing the friction down the hills．

6．What can we infer about fur skis from Paragraph 2?

A．They were used for fun in history．

B．They originated from winter sports．

C．They were first unearthed under a rock carving．

D．They may regain more popularity in the future．

7．Which is the correct order of making fur skis?

a．Bending the plank's front end．

b．Heating the wood in a fire．

c．Wrapping the plank with horsehide．

d．Cutting high­quality pine into a plank．

A．badc．    B．dbac．

C．acdb．    D．dabc．

8．What do we know about Sakish?

A．He assigned the fur skis as an intangible cultural heritage．

B．He took part in the 2022 Winter Olympics．

C．He contributed a lot to the skiing tradition．

D．He was well known at an early age．

Ⅱ．语法填空

The 9th day of the 9th lunar month is the traditional Chongyang Festival, or Double Ninth Festival．It 1．________ (normal) falls in October in the Gregorian calendar．On this day, people like eating Double Ninth Gao (or Cake)．In Chinese, gao (cake) has the same 2．________ (pronounce) with gao (height)．People do so just to hope progress in everything they are engaged in．As a matter of fact, there is no 3．________ (fix) ways for the Double Ninth Cake, but super cakes have as many as nine layers, looking like a tower．

The Double Ninth Festival is also a time 4．________ the chrysanthemum (菊花) blooms．China boasts diversified species of chrysanthemum and people have loved them since ancient times．So enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum also becomes 5．________ essential activity in this festival．Also, people usually drink chrysanthemum wine．Women used 6．________ (stick) such a flower into their hair or hang its branches on windows or doors to avoid evilness．

In 1989, the Chinese government decided the Double Ninth Festival 7．________ Seniors' Day．Since then, all government units, organisations and streets communities 8．________ (organise) a yearly autumn trip for those who have retired from their 9．________ (post)．At the waterside or on the mountains, the seniors find 10．________ (they) in harmony with nature．Younger generations always bring elder ones to suburban areas or send gifts to them on this day．

课时质量评价(十四)

Ⅰ．A

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。瑞典人不好客，很多时候，他们并不会邀请客人共享食物。但并非所有国家都这样。文章对这一现象进行了分析。

1．A　推理判断题。文章第一段开头以一个帖子“One day I went to a Swedish friend's house and while we were playing in his room, his mum yelled that dinner was ready．He told me to WAIT in his room while they ate！”引出一个问题“Would a host in Sweden really not invite a guest to join their meal if it's dinnertime？”。下文对这个问题进行了回答和阐述。因此，第一段是为了引出关于瑞典人是否邀请客人“共享食物”这一话题。故选A。

2．C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文中的“It does happen”和下文中的“If he was over a friend's house and it was time for dinner, he would go back to his own house to eat．Or he would stay and wait in another room while his friend finished his meal．”可知，瑞典人的确可能不招待客人。由此可知，在瑞典，“不款待客人”是他们的一种习惯，是常见的。故画线词的意思应该是“常见的”。故选C。

3．D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Some Swedes think feeding a guest creates a sense of duty，’ explains Tellstrom．‘And in a society that values equality and independence, people don't want to put a burden on someone or feel like they owe someone something．’”可知，瑞典文化重视平等和独立，所以有些瑞典人认为待客并不是自己的责任。所以他们会选择不款待客人。故选D。

4．A　推理判断题。根据第一段提到的帖子，第二段提到的Richard Tellstrom的个人经历，第三段中的“for example”和第四段中的Mohini Mehta的个人经历可知，本文通过一些事例来举例说明“瑞典人不好客，但并非所有国家都这样”的观点。故选A。

B

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新疆阿勒泰地区使用的毛皮滑雪板及其制作工艺，该技艺被指定为新疆非物质文化遗产，毛皮滑雪板制作技艺传承人Silambek Sakish的作品在北京2022年冬季奥运会的展示中心展出，这一传统技艺重新焕发生机。

5．B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Remarkably, the horsehide not only can provide friction to prevent skiers from slipping while going up the hills, but also can help them slide more smoothly down the hills．”可知，马皮的其中一个功能是增加上山的摩擦力。故选B。

6．D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However, in response to the nation's goal of brightening ..．its skiing tradition to future generations．”可推知，毛皮滑雪板未来可能会重新受到更多欢迎。故选D。

7．B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He would cut high­quality pine ...Wrapping the plank with horsehide was the last step．”可知，要制作毛皮滑雪板，先把优质松木切成一块木板，然后将木板在火中加热，再把木板的前端弯曲，最后用马皮包裹木板。故正确排序是dbac。故选B。

8．C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Sakish was honoured as ..．as an intangible (非物质) cultural heritage of Xinjiang．”及“More young people have come to him ..．in his footsteps to carry on the tradition．”可知，Sakish对这项滑雪传统技艺贡献良多。故选C。

Ⅱ．1．normally　2．pronunciation　3．fixed　4．when

5．an　6．to stick　7．as　8．have organised/have been organising　9．posts　10．themselves