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人教版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价15 必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION含答案
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这是一份人教版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价15 必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION含答案，共12页。试卷主要包含了 curisity 考查名词， bviusly 考查副词， fr 考查介词， where 考查定语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A组·基础巩固
Ⅰ. 读法填空
A
(2021·全国重点中学模拟)China sent up its first Mars prbe (探测器) Tianwen 1 n Thursday. It is expected 1. ________ (reach) the planet in abut seven mnths. The missin t Mars is much 2. ________ (hard) cmpared t that t the mn.
China's Mars missin, 3. (design) fr the mapping f key znes f the planet's surface, indicates the cuntry's space science and technlgy 4. (prgress) rapidly in the past years. It expresses the determinatin and perseverance (毅力) f the Chinese natin in lking fr 5. (science) truth.
Tianwen 1 has immediately grabbed peple's attentin after its launch, and 6. is reprted that there're cuntless discussins n tpics related t space flight and the explratin f uter space. Peple's 7. (curius) abut the unknwn and thirst fr knwledge are 8. (bvius) arused whenever the cuntry makes breakthrughs in space explratin. And astrnauts, scientists and engineers are becming rle mdels 9. mre and mre yung peple. The “Mars fever” that has been arused shws peple's desire t knw mre abut space, which requires mre innvatins (创新) t discver mre abut the universe 10. we live.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国成功发射“天问一号”火星探测器，该探测器肩负什么重任？这次发射又引发了什么热潮呢？
1. t reach 考查非谓语动词。 本句使用了短语expect sb./sth. t d “预计某人/某物做……”的被动结构，故填t reach。
2. harder 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境和空后的cmpared t“和……相比”可知，此处要用形容词的比较级harder。
3. designed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，missin后是非限制性定语，design与missin是逻辑上的动宾关系，且此处表示动作已经发生，故用动词的ed形式。
4. has prgressed 考查时态和主谓一致。 根据句中的时间状语in the past years 可知， indicates后的宾语从句要用现在完成时。宾语从句的主语是the cuntry's space science and technlgy，应视为单数，故填has prgressed。注意：此处的prgress是动词，意为“进步，进展”。
5. scientific 考查形容词。本空作定语修饰名词truth，故用science的形容词形式scientific“科学的”。
6. it 考查形式主语。 根据语境可知，and后的句子是“it is ＋过去分词＋that从句”句型，其中it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。故填it。
7. curisity 考查名词。本空与后面的thirst并列作主语，故用名词curisity。
8. bviusly 考查副词。本空所填词修饰谓语动词，应该用副词bviusly“显然，明显地”。
9. fr 考查介词。此处表示“……的榜样”，此时mdels与介词fr连用，fr后面引出对象。
10. where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，universe后跟一个定语从句，从句中live是不及物动词，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。
B
(2020·山东临沂、枣庄6月模拟)We recgnise ur friends' faces. And we are nt alne. Many scial animals can als identify individuals f their wn species by facial 1. ________ (feature), because they need t adjust their behaviur 2. ________ (depend) n wh they meet. And a study has shwn that sme dmesticated (驯养的) animals can even distinguish amng different faces in phtgraphs.
Researchers first 3. ________ (teach) hrses t “chse” between tw sidebyside images n a cmputer screen. Then the hrses that were shwn phts f their keeper alngside faces f 4. ________ (familiar) humans ignred the strangers' faces, identifying 5. ________ (crrect) their keeper abut 75% f the time. What's mre, the hrses als preferentially picked phts f their previus keeper. And they 6. ________ (be) at least as accurate in picking ut their previus keeper 7. ________ they were in identifying their current ne.
In additin, hrses seem t have 8. ________ strng lngterm memry fr human faces, cnsistent with their lng lifespan and histry f dmesticatin. In future experiments, the researchers may test whether lking at phts f peple that they have had bad experiences with might cause hrses 9. ________ (act) anxiusly. S maybe think twice befre ding anything 10. ________ might give a hrse a lng face.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。许多群居动物可以通过面部特征来识别自己物种的个体。一项研究表明，一些驯养的动物甚至可以区分照片中不同的面孔。
1. features 考查名词复数。根据语境可知，面部特征不止一个，应用名词复数形式。
2. depending 考查非谓语动词。许多群居动物也可以通过面部特征来识别自己物种的个体，因为它们需要根据遇到的个体来调整自己的行为。because引导的从句的主干为they need t adjust their behaviur。depend n的逻辑主语为they，两者之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
3. taught 考查动词时态。根据下文的“Then the hrses that were shwn”可知，此处也应用一般过去时态。
4. unfamiliar 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作定语。根据语境和下文的“strangers”可知，此处表示陌生人的面孔，故应用unfamiliar“陌生的，不熟悉的”。
5. crrectly 考查副词。此处修饰动词，应用副词作状语。
6. were 考查时态。根据空前连词And和前后文时态为一般过去时可知，此处应填were。
7. as 考查连词。 此处为as ... as ... 结构，意为“和……一样……”，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词，其基本结构为：as＋adj./adv.＋as。
8. a 考查冠词。 此处为泛指，strng以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
9. t act 考查非谓语动词。此处为cause sb./sth. t d结构，动词不定式作宾语补足语。
10. that 考查定语从句。此处为限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作主语，又由于先行词为anything, 故关系代词通常用that。
Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子
1. 我们也将重视学前教育，关心特殊教育。(attach)
We will als attach_imprtance_t preschl educatin and care_abut_special _educatin.
2. 为了结交更多的新朋友，你必须做一个诚实的人。(s as t)
Yu have gt t be an hnest persn s_as_t_make_mre_new_friends.
3. 电脑游戏不仅占用我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的眼睛有很大伤害。(nt nly ... but als ...)
①Cmputer games nt_nly take up ur valuable time, but_als_d_great_ harm_t ur eyes.
②Nt_nly_d_cmputer_games_take_up ur valuable time, but_als_d_ great_harm_t ur eyes.(倒装句)
4. 因为越来越多的污染，很多物种正在灭绝。(result)
①There is mre and mre pllutin and as_a_result,_many species are dying ut.
②As_a_result_f mre and mre pllutin, many species are dying ut.
5. 李明的手机看起来和张华的一样，但价格是他的两倍。(倍数表达法)
Li Ming's mbile phne lked just the same as Zhang Hua's, but it cst_twice_as_much_as his.
B组·能力提升
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Astrnmers have fund patches(斑块) f frst arund the mn's nrth and suth ples which culd ne day prvide a surce f water fr human visitrs. The scientists sptted the signature f frzen water in infrared(红外线的) measurements taken by Nasa's mn mineralgy mapper, an instrument that flew n India's Chandrayaan1 missin t the mn a decade ag. The freshlyanalysed data shw that water ice lies lw n the grund near the mn's plar regins that are permanently in shade and s sheltered frm the heat f the sun's rays.
Mst f the ice was fund near the mn's suth ple arund a bunch f craters. In the nrth, the patches f ice appeared t be mre separated, accrding t Shuai Li at the Hawaii Institute f Gephysics and Planetlgy in Hnlulu. Fllwup measurements f the ice patches fund that they tended t frm where the surface temperature never rse abve －163 ℃， but temperature alne was nt enugh t guarantee frzen water: nly 3.5% f the shadwy areas the scientists checked fr water revealed ntable signs f ice.
The images are the first “direct and definitive evidence” f water ice that is expsed n the surface f the mn, accrding t a reprt in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences.“These ice depsits might be put t use as a lcal resurce in future explratin f the mn，” the authrs write.
The Indian Space Agency launched its Chandrayaan1 missin t the mn in 2008 and was swiftly rewarded with evidence f frzen water n the lunar surface a year later. Rather than sheets f ice n the surface, the water is thught t exist as water mlecules(分子) bund t grains f mn dust.
Sn after the Indian feat, NASA crashed a spacecraft int the 100kmwide Cabeus crater which is in permanent shade n the mn's suth ple. The intentinal act f lunar vilence threw up sme pieces f sil frm which scientists were able t cnfirm the presence f water n the mn.
1. What can we infer frm Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2?
A. Chandrayaan1 was rewarded with glry.
B. Frzen water is believed t have been fund.
C. Astrnauts sptted the signature f frzen water.
D. Humans enjyed a leap in mn explratin.
2. Which f the fllwing best explains “depsits” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A. Fund.
B. Part f the cst.
C. A natural accumulatin.
D. Mney in a bank accunt.
3. When was water first detected n the mn?
A. In 2008.B. In 2009.
C. In 2017.D. In 2018.
4. Why did NASA crash a spacecraft int the crater?
A. T cllect definitive evidence f water.
B. T make discveries equal t the Indians.
C. T discver secrets f the mn's dark side.
D. T separate water mlecules frm mn dust.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。最新发现，月球两极附近分布冰块，或为人类访客提供水源。
1. D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Astrnmers have fund patches(斑块) f frst arund the mn's nrth and suth ples which culd ne day prvide a surce f water fr human visitrs.”和第二段中的“Mst f the ice was fund near the mn's suth ple arund a bunch f craters.”可知，人类在月球探险中有了一次飞跃。故选D。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“The images are the first ‘direct and definitive evidence’ f water ice that is expsed n the surface f the mn”和“These ice depsits might be put t use as a lcal resurce in future explratin f the mn”可推知，画线词depsit的意思是“一个自然的积累”。故选C。
3. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The Indian Space Agency launched its Chandrayaan1 missin t the mn in 2008 and was swiftly rewarded with evidence f frzen water n the lunar surface a year later.”可知，月球上第一次发现水是在2009年。故选B。
4. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The intentinal act f lunar vilence threw up sme pieces f sil frm which scientists were able t cnfirm the presence f water n the mn.”可知，美国国家航空航天局要把一艘宇宙飞船撞进火山口是为了收集水的确凿证据。故选A。
Ⅱ. 七选五
When it cmes t creativity, ne f ur biggest cncerns is usually hw we can be mre creative, r hw t cme up with better ideas. I've gathered sme f the mst practical studies t help imprve creativity. 1
Many peple think that happiness is the ideal state t create smething. Recently a study n creativity made a great cnclusin. 2 I dn't want yu t put yurself in a bad md t create smething, but next time yu're in strng feelings, try t sit dwn and fcus that energy n creating smething.
3 Reading r feeling absurd (r dreamlike) things can help bst (促进) pattern recgnitin and creative thinking. Because the mind is always seeking t make sense f the things that it sees, and such bjects put it in “verdrive” while the mind tries t wrk ut exactly what it is lking at r reading. I like reading interesting shrt stries like The Last Questin when lking fr inspiratin.
Yu can als get mving, because it's suggested that exercise can actually imprve creative thinking as well, due t its ability t get the heart pumping and put peple in a psitive md. 4 It's nt necessarily the act; it's the change in mds. If yu're stuck in a creative jb and want t take a break, try exercise while yur brain is subcnsciusly at wrk. 5 I tend t jgging utdrs in this case, and it's truly helpful fr me.
A. Why nt stick t reading?
B. Experiencing smething unreasnable wrks.
C. It may help t speed up yur “Aha！” mment.
D. Creativity increases when whatever feelings run high.
E. Try a few ut fr yurself and see which nes wrk best.
F. It can prduce mre creative thughts just like thinking abut lve.
G. We are in tw very different states f mind when trying t create smething.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。创造力不管是在学习还是工作中都尤为重要，文中介绍了提高创造力的方法。
1. E 根据空前的“I've gathered sme f the mst practical studies t help imprve creativity.”以及下文各段介绍的提高创造力的方法可知，E项承上启下，符合语境。
2. D 结合空前的“Recently a study n creativity made a great cnclusin.”和空后的“I dn't want yu t put yurself in a bad md t create smething ...”可推测，空处应是这一重大结论的具体内容，且与情绪和感觉有关，故D项符合语境。
3. B 该段主要讲了由于人类大脑的特性，阅读或感受荒谬的(或梦幻的)东西可以帮助提高创造力，B项“经历一些不同寻常的事情可以奏效”可总结该段内容。
4. F 上文提到运动能够让心脏快速跳动并使人拥有积极的心情，再结合空后的“It's nt necessarily the act; it's the change in mds.”可知，F项“运动就像对爱的思考一样可以产生更多有创造力的想法”符合语境。
5. C 该段主要讲运动可以激发创造力，根据空前提到的“If yu're stuck in a creative jb and want t take a break, try exercise while yur brain is subcnsciusly at wrk.”，可知C项承接上文，符合语境。
Ⅲ. 完形填空
An act f kindness desn't have t be a grand gesture. Even thse small acts f kindness can make a difference in smene's day. That was just the case fr Amie Mickey when she 1 a bumper sticker n her car reading: Yu Matter.
Amie started t d this several years ag. At first, she wndered if peple wuld 2 it. Hwever, much t her surprise, she began seeing a fld f 3 every time she hit the rad. Mre ften than nt, peple 4 slwly near her car wuld rll dwn their windws, raising their 5 ， waving and smiling. Smetimes, she even fund sme sticky ntes left n her windshield saying things like “Yu 6 t！” Once while she was driving dwn the highway, she became 7 when a man driving a sprts car at high speed pulled his car alngside suddenly, waving and muthing, “Yu matter！” Thugh it tk her sme time t recver frm the
8 ， she still felt happy. Last year, smene 9 her car while she was waiting fr her friend in the car by the radside, saying t her, “It is a(an) 10
sticker. I've seen varius stickers befre, but nne f them have tuched me as yur sticker has dne.”The tw small wrds n the sticker seem simple enugh, but they really struck a chrd with (引起共鸣) many cmplete strangers wh 11 t catch sight f the sticker.
Stries like Amie's really 12 the rest f us. Smetimes a kind wrd r gesture may lift ur 13 and it desn't cst a thing except fr a little extra thught. Maybe it means ffering a friend a hug, praising the children when they 14 well in schl, helping smene ut r vlunteering at animal shelters r shelters fr the hmeless. Acts f kindness are waiting everywhere. Small as they seem, they can make a 15 impact n the wrld, and help frm general gdness.
1. A. tre up B. picked up
C. fixed upD. put up
2. A. watchB. verlk
C. nticeD. neglect
3. A. attentinB. strangers
C. cnfusinD. truble
4. A. runningB. driving
C. walkingD. riding
5. A. vicesB. hats
C. shuldersD. thumbs
6. A. cuntB. share
C. valueD. matter
7. A. frightenedB. frustrated
C. embarrassedD. disappinted
8. A. parkingB. speed
C. incidentD. event
9. A. apprachedB. blcked
C. repairedD. cleaned
10. A. imprtantB. special
C. typicalD. skeptical
11. A. happenedB. ccurred
C. managedD. ffered
12. A. shckB. inspire
C. delightD. satisfy
13. A. feelingsB. thughts
C. spiritsD. minds
14. A. wrkB. exercise
C. cnductD. behave
15. A. reliableB. subjective
C. psitiveD. brief
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Amie Mickey在汽车保险杠上贴了一张写着“你很重要”的纸条，通过这种小的善意行为来传播正能量。
1. D 通过下文“I've seen varius stickers befre ... yur sticker has dne”可知，Amie是在汽车保险杠上贴了一张贴纸。故选D。
2. C 通过上下文分析，此处和下文第3空提到 “每次出门会有很多人来关注它。” 相呼应。故选C。
3. A 通过上下文分析，上文提到 “起初，她想知道人们是否会注意到它” 。接着出现 “然而” ，前后转折表示它引起了很多人的关注。故选A。
4. B 通过上下文分析，空后提到 “人们摇下车窗”，可知此处表示人们缓慢开车行驶至其附近。故选B。
5. D 通过上下文分析，空后提到人们挥手、微笑。同时根据下文可知，人们对她的行为表示称赞。故此处的thumbs表示称赞认可，所以竖起拇指。故选D。
6. D 通过上下文分析，此处和前句提到别人对她的行为表示 “赞赏，挥手，微笑” 并列。也是表达了别人对她行为的认可。同时和第7空处提到的 “Yu matter！” 相呼应。故选D。
7. A 通过上下文分析，此处提到“突然把车开到她旁边”。所以她应该感到很害怕。故选A。
8. C 通过上下文分析，此处指代上题提到的 “一个开着跑车的男人突然把车开到她旁边，一边挥手一边用嘴说： ‘你很重要！’，她被吓了一跳。”这件事。故选C。
9. A 通过上下文分析，该空的动词和同句中的saying构成前后的逻辑关系。先走近，然后说。故选A。
10. B 通过上下文分析，后句提到“I've seen varius stickers befre, but nne f them have tuched me as yur sticker has dne.”可知，这个贴纸和他见过的其他贴纸不一样。故选B。
11. A 通过上下文分析，文章中提到的 “贴纸” 是Amie贴在保险杠上的，用来鼓励大家的。很多人都是碰巧无意中看到而受感动的。故选A。
12. B 通过上下文分析，下文讲到Amie的行为给人们带来了一些思考即启发了人们。故选B。
13. C 通过上下文分析，前文提到 “像Amie这样的故事真的激励了我们其他人”。同时在最后一句话提到 “它们看似渺小，却能对世界产生积极的影响”。综合分析，一些小行为会振奋我们的精神。故选C。
14. D 通过上下文分析，表扬孩子，是因为他们在学校的表现不错。故选 D。
15. C 通过上下文分析，此处是对上文进行总结：上文提到了Amie的这种行为，给人们带来了很多的共鸣，激励其他人。还提到“有时候，一句友善的话语或一个手势可能会让我们的精神振奋起来”可知，这些行为的影响是积极的。故选C。
Ⅳ. 语法填空
Yu've heard f getting lst in a bk. Nw, get ready t get lst in a “river f bks” Zhngshuge, a bkstre in Yangzhu, China. When 1. ________(walk) int Zhngshuge, yu're surrunded n all sides by a tunnel f bks. An 2. ________ (architecture) studi called X＋Living designed Zhngshuge. The shelves 3. ________(arrange) in curved shapes t create the tunnellike appearance.
The flr is cvered with black mirrrs, reflecting the shelves abve and creating the feel 4. ________ the bkshelves cntinue dwn past the flr yu're standing 5. ________. As it turns ut, the stre's design has mre 6. ________(significant) than just a fun feel. Yangzhu is full f canals and rivers. X＋Living, therefre, 7. ________(cmbine) this cncept with Zhngshuge 8. ________(perfect), and tried t create a “river” f bks. As if all that weren't enugh, Zhngshuge has9. ________ amazing space fr children's bks as well. The bkshelves are shaped like huses, cluds, and even a ht air balln 10. ________(ffer) them a paradise.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国扬州的一家书店——钟书阁。
1. walking 考查省略句。在when连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。本句的完整形式为“When(yu are) walking int Zhngshuge”。故填walking。
2. architectural 考查形容词。修饰名词studi应用形容词architectural，表示“建筑学的”。故填architectural。
3. are arranged 考查动词时态及语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为shelves，故谓语动词用复数形式。故填are arranged。
4. that 考查同位语从句。此处为同位语从句修饰先行词feel，且从句中不缺少成分，故用that。
5. n 考查介词。根据短语stand n表示“站在”，故填n。
6. significance 考查名词。此处作动词has的宾语，应用名词significance“意义，重要性”。故填significance。
7. cmbined 考查动词时态。cmbine在句中是谓语动词，且根据后文中的并列谓语“and tried”可知，应用一般过去时。故填cmbined。
8. perfectly 考查副词。此处修饰动词cmbine应用副词perfectly，表示“完美地”。故填perfectly。
9. an 考查冠词。space表示“间隔”为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且amazing为元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
10. t ffer 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，ffer在句中作非谓语动词，且此处作目的状语应用不定式。故填t ffer。
A组·基础巩固
Ⅰ. 读法填空
A
(2021·全国重点中学模拟)China sent up its first Mars prbe (探测器) Tianwen 1 n Thursday. It is expected 1. ________ (reach) the planet in abut seven mnths. The missin t Mars is much 2. ________ (hard) cmpared t that t the mn.
China's Mars missin, 3. (design) fr the mapping f key znes f the planet's surface, indicates the cuntry's space science and technlgy 4. (prgress) rapidly in the past years. It expresses the determinatin and perseverance (毅力) f the Chinese natin in lking fr 5. (science) truth.
Tianwen 1 has immediately grabbed peple's attentin after its launch, and 6. is reprted that there're cuntless discussins n tpics related t space flight and the explratin f uter space. Peple's 7. (curius) abut the unknwn and thirst fr knwledge are 8. (bvius) arused whenever the cuntry makes breakthrughs in space explratin. And astrnauts, scientists and engineers are becming rle mdels 9. mre and mre yung peple. The “Mars fever” that has been arused shws peple's desire t knw mre abut space, which requires mre innvatins (创新) t discver mre abut the universe 10. we live.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国成功发射“天问一号”火星探测器，该探测器肩负什么重任？这次发射又引发了什么热潮呢？
1. t reach 考查非谓语动词。 本句使用了短语expect sb./sth. t d “预计某人/某物做……”的被动结构，故填t reach。
2. harder 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境和空后的cmpared t“和……相比”可知，此处要用形容词的比较级harder。
3. designed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，missin后是非限制性定语，design与missin是逻辑上的动宾关系，且此处表示动作已经发生，故用动词的ed形式。
4. has prgressed 考查时态和主谓一致。 根据句中的时间状语in the past years 可知， indicates后的宾语从句要用现在完成时。宾语从句的主语是the cuntry's space science and technlgy，应视为单数，故填has prgressed。注意：此处的prgress是动词，意为“进步，进展”。
5. scientific 考查形容词。本空作定语修饰名词truth，故用science的形容词形式scientific“科学的”。
6. it 考查形式主语。 根据语境可知，and后的句子是“it is ＋过去分词＋that从句”句型，其中it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。故填it。
7. curisity 考查名词。本空与后面的thirst并列作主语，故用名词curisity。
8. bviusly 考查副词。本空所填词修饰谓语动词，应该用副词bviusly“显然，明显地”。
9. fr 考查介词。此处表示“……的榜样”，此时mdels与介词fr连用，fr后面引出对象。
10. where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，universe后跟一个定语从句，从句中live是不及物动词，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。
B
(2020·山东临沂、枣庄6月模拟)We recgnise ur friends' faces. And we are nt alne. Many scial animals can als identify individuals f their wn species by facial 1. ________ (feature), because they need t adjust their behaviur 2. ________ (depend) n wh they meet. And a study has shwn that sme dmesticated (驯养的) animals can even distinguish amng different faces in phtgraphs.
Researchers first 3. ________ (teach) hrses t “chse” between tw sidebyside images n a cmputer screen. Then the hrses that were shwn phts f their keeper alngside faces f 4. ________ (familiar) humans ignred the strangers' faces, identifying 5. ________ (crrect) their keeper abut 75% f the time. What's mre, the hrses als preferentially picked phts f their previus keeper. And they 6. ________ (be) at least as accurate in picking ut their previus keeper 7. ________ they were in identifying their current ne.
In additin, hrses seem t have 8. ________ strng lngterm memry fr human faces, cnsistent with their lng lifespan and histry f dmesticatin. In future experiments, the researchers may test whether lking at phts f peple that they have had bad experiences with might cause hrses 9. ________ (act) anxiusly. S maybe think twice befre ding anything 10. ________ might give a hrse a lng face.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。许多群居动物可以通过面部特征来识别自己物种的个体。一项研究表明，一些驯养的动物甚至可以区分照片中不同的面孔。
1. features 考查名词复数。根据语境可知，面部特征不止一个，应用名词复数形式。
2. depending 考查非谓语动词。许多群居动物也可以通过面部特征来识别自己物种的个体，因为它们需要根据遇到的个体来调整自己的行为。because引导的从句的主干为they need t adjust their behaviur。depend n的逻辑主语为they，两者之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
3. taught 考查动词时态。根据下文的“Then the hrses that were shwn”可知，此处也应用一般过去时态。
4. unfamiliar 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作定语。根据语境和下文的“strangers”可知，此处表示陌生人的面孔，故应用unfamiliar“陌生的，不熟悉的”。
5. crrectly 考查副词。此处修饰动词，应用副词作状语。
6. were 考查时态。根据空前连词And和前后文时态为一般过去时可知，此处应填were。
7. as 考查连词。 此处为as ... as ... 结构，意为“和……一样……”，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词，其基本结构为：as＋adj./adv.＋as。
8. a 考查冠词。 此处为泛指，strng以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
9. t act 考查非谓语动词。此处为cause sb./sth. t d结构，动词不定式作宾语补足语。
10. that 考查定语从句。此处为限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作主语，又由于先行词为anything, 故关系代词通常用that。
Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子
1. 我们也将重视学前教育，关心特殊教育。(attach)
We will als attach_imprtance_t preschl educatin and care_abut_special _educatin.
2. 为了结交更多的新朋友，你必须做一个诚实的人。(s as t)
Yu have gt t be an hnest persn s_as_t_make_mre_new_friends.
3. 电脑游戏不仅占用我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的眼睛有很大伤害。(nt nly ... but als ...)
①Cmputer games nt_nly take up ur valuable time, but_als_d_great_ harm_t ur eyes.
②Nt_nly_d_cmputer_games_take_up ur valuable time, but_als_d_ great_harm_t ur eyes.(倒装句)
4. 因为越来越多的污染，很多物种正在灭绝。(result)
①There is mre and mre pllutin and as_a_result,_many species are dying ut.
②As_a_result_f mre and mre pllutin, many species are dying ut.
5. 李明的手机看起来和张华的一样，但价格是他的两倍。(倍数表达法)
Li Ming's mbile phne lked just the same as Zhang Hua's, but it cst_twice_as_much_as his.
B组·能力提升
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Astrnmers have fund patches(斑块) f frst arund the mn's nrth and suth ples which culd ne day prvide a surce f water fr human visitrs. The scientists sptted the signature f frzen water in infrared(红外线的) measurements taken by Nasa's mn mineralgy mapper, an instrument that flew n India's Chandrayaan1 missin t the mn a decade ag. The freshlyanalysed data shw that water ice lies lw n the grund near the mn's plar regins that are permanently in shade and s sheltered frm the heat f the sun's rays.
Mst f the ice was fund near the mn's suth ple arund a bunch f craters. In the nrth, the patches f ice appeared t be mre separated, accrding t Shuai Li at the Hawaii Institute f Gephysics and Planetlgy in Hnlulu. Fllwup measurements f the ice patches fund that they tended t frm where the surface temperature never rse abve －163 ℃， but temperature alne was nt enugh t guarantee frzen water: nly 3.5% f the shadwy areas the scientists checked fr water revealed ntable signs f ice.
The images are the first “direct and definitive evidence” f water ice that is expsed n the surface f the mn, accrding t a reprt in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences.“These ice depsits might be put t use as a lcal resurce in future explratin f the mn，” the authrs write.
The Indian Space Agency launched its Chandrayaan1 missin t the mn in 2008 and was swiftly rewarded with evidence f frzen water n the lunar surface a year later. Rather than sheets f ice n the surface, the water is thught t exist as water mlecules(分子) bund t grains f mn dust.
Sn after the Indian feat, NASA crashed a spacecraft int the 100kmwide Cabeus crater which is in permanent shade n the mn's suth ple. The intentinal act f lunar vilence threw up sme pieces f sil frm which scientists were able t cnfirm the presence f water n the mn.
1. What can we infer frm Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2?
A. Chandrayaan1 was rewarded with glry.
B. Frzen water is believed t have been fund.
C. Astrnauts sptted the signature f frzen water.
D. Humans enjyed a leap in mn explratin.
2. Which f the fllwing best explains “depsits” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A. Fund.
B. Part f the cst.
C. A natural accumulatin.
D. Mney in a bank accunt.
3. When was water first detected n the mn?
A. In 2008.B. In 2009.
C. In 2017.D. In 2018.
4. Why did NASA crash a spacecraft int the crater?
A. T cllect definitive evidence f water.
B. T make discveries equal t the Indians.
C. T discver secrets f the mn's dark side.
D. T separate water mlecules frm mn dust.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。最新发现，月球两极附近分布冰块，或为人类访客提供水源。
1. D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Astrnmers have fund patches(斑块) f frst arund the mn's nrth and suth ples which culd ne day prvide a surce f water fr human visitrs.”和第二段中的“Mst f the ice was fund near the mn's suth ple arund a bunch f craters.”可知，人类在月球探险中有了一次飞跃。故选D。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“The images are the first ‘direct and definitive evidence’ f water ice that is expsed n the surface f the mn”和“These ice depsits might be put t use as a lcal resurce in future explratin f the mn”可推知，画线词depsit的意思是“一个自然的积累”。故选C。
3. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The Indian Space Agency launched its Chandrayaan1 missin t the mn in 2008 and was swiftly rewarded with evidence f frzen water n the lunar surface a year later.”可知，月球上第一次发现水是在2009年。故选B。
4. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The intentinal act f lunar vilence threw up sme pieces f sil frm which scientists were able t cnfirm the presence f water n the mn.”可知，美国国家航空航天局要把一艘宇宙飞船撞进火山口是为了收集水的确凿证据。故选A。
Ⅱ. 七选五
When it cmes t creativity, ne f ur biggest cncerns is usually hw we can be mre creative, r hw t cme up with better ideas. I've gathered sme f the mst practical studies t help imprve creativity. 1
Many peple think that happiness is the ideal state t create smething. Recently a study n creativity made a great cnclusin. 2 I dn't want yu t put yurself in a bad md t create smething, but next time yu're in strng feelings, try t sit dwn and fcus that energy n creating smething.
3 Reading r feeling absurd (r dreamlike) things can help bst (促进) pattern recgnitin and creative thinking. Because the mind is always seeking t make sense f the things that it sees, and such bjects put it in “verdrive” while the mind tries t wrk ut exactly what it is lking at r reading. I like reading interesting shrt stries like The Last Questin when lking fr inspiratin.
Yu can als get mving, because it's suggested that exercise can actually imprve creative thinking as well, due t its ability t get the heart pumping and put peple in a psitive md. 4 It's nt necessarily the act; it's the change in mds. If yu're stuck in a creative jb and want t take a break, try exercise while yur brain is subcnsciusly at wrk. 5 I tend t jgging utdrs in this case, and it's truly helpful fr me.
A. Why nt stick t reading?
B. Experiencing smething unreasnable wrks.
C. It may help t speed up yur “Aha！” mment.
D. Creativity increases when whatever feelings run high.
E. Try a few ut fr yurself and see which nes wrk best.
F. It can prduce mre creative thughts just like thinking abut lve.
G. We are in tw very different states f mind when trying t create smething.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。创造力不管是在学习还是工作中都尤为重要，文中介绍了提高创造力的方法。
1. E 根据空前的“I've gathered sme f the mst practical studies t help imprve creativity.”以及下文各段介绍的提高创造力的方法可知，E项承上启下，符合语境。
2. D 结合空前的“Recently a study n creativity made a great cnclusin.”和空后的“I dn't want yu t put yurself in a bad md t create smething ...”可推测，空处应是这一重大结论的具体内容，且与情绪和感觉有关，故D项符合语境。
3. B 该段主要讲了由于人类大脑的特性，阅读或感受荒谬的(或梦幻的)东西可以帮助提高创造力，B项“经历一些不同寻常的事情可以奏效”可总结该段内容。
4. F 上文提到运动能够让心脏快速跳动并使人拥有积极的心情，再结合空后的“It's nt necessarily the act; it's the change in mds.”可知，F项“运动就像对爱的思考一样可以产生更多有创造力的想法”符合语境。
5. C 该段主要讲运动可以激发创造力，根据空前提到的“If yu're stuck in a creative jb and want t take a break, try exercise while yur brain is subcnsciusly at wrk.”，可知C项承接上文，符合语境。
Ⅲ. 完形填空
An act f kindness desn't have t be a grand gesture. Even thse small acts f kindness can make a difference in smene's day. That was just the case fr Amie Mickey when she 1 a bumper sticker n her car reading: Yu Matter.
Amie started t d this several years ag. At first, she wndered if peple wuld 2 it. Hwever, much t her surprise, she began seeing a fld f 3 every time she hit the rad. Mre ften than nt, peple 4 slwly near her car wuld rll dwn their windws, raising their 5 ， waving and smiling. Smetimes, she even fund sme sticky ntes left n her windshield saying things like “Yu 6 t！” Once while she was driving dwn the highway, she became 7 when a man driving a sprts car at high speed pulled his car alngside suddenly, waving and muthing, “Yu matter！” Thugh it tk her sme time t recver frm the
8 ， she still felt happy. Last year, smene 9 her car while she was waiting fr her friend in the car by the radside, saying t her, “It is a(an) 10
sticker. I've seen varius stickers befre, but nne f them have tuched me as yur sticker has dne.”The tw small wrds n the sticker seem simple enugh, but they really struck a chrd with (引起共鸣) many cmplete strangers wh 11 t catch sight f the sticker.
Stries like Amie's really 12 the rest f us. Smetimes a kind wrd r gesture may lift ur 13 and it desn't cst a thing except fr a little extra thught. Maybe it means ffering a friend a hug, praising the children when they 14 well in schl, helping smene ut r vlunteering at animal shelters r shelters fr the hmeless. Acts f kindness are waiting everywhere. Small as they seem, they can make a 15 impact n the wrld, and help frm general gdness.
1. A. tre up B. picked up
C. fixed upD. put up
2. A. watchB. verlk
C. nticeD. neglect
3. A. attentinB. strangers
C. cnfusinD. truble
4. A. runningB. driving
C. walkingD. riding
5. A. vicesB. hats
C. shuldersD. thumbs
6. A. cuntB. share
C. valueD. matter
7. A. frightenedB. frustrated
C. embarrassedD. disappinted
8. A. parkingB. speed
C. incidentD. event
9. A. apprachedB. blcked
C. repairedD. cleaned
10. A. imprtantB. special
C. typicalD. skeptical
11. A. happenedB. ccurred
C. managedD. ffered
12. A. shckB. inspire
C. delightD. satisfy
13. A. feelingsB. thughts
C. spiritsD. minds
14. A. wrkB. exercise
C. cnductD. behave
15. A. reliableB. subjective
C. psitiveD. brief
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Amie Mickey在汽车保险杠上贴了一张写着“你很重要”的纸条，通过这种小的善意行为来传播正能量。
1. D 通过下文“I've seen varius stickers befre ... yur sticker has dne”可知，Amie是在汽车保险杠上贴了一张贴纸。故选D。
2. C 通过上下文分析，此处和下文第3空提到 “每次出门会有很多人来关注它。” 相呼应。故选C。
3. A 通过上下文分析，上文提到 “起初，她想知道人们是否会注意到它” 。接着出现 “然而” ，前后转折表示它引起了很多人的关注。故选A。
4. B 通过上下文分析，空后提到 “人们摇下车窗”，可知此处表示人们缓慢开车行驶至其附近。故选B。
5. D 通过上下文分析，空后提到人们挥手、微笑。同时根据下文可知，人们对她的行为表示称赞。故此处的thumbs表示称赞认可，所以竖起拇指。故选D。
6. D 通过上下文分析，此处和前句提到别人对她的行为表示 “赞赏，挥手，微笑” 并列。也是表达了别人对她行为的认可。同时和第7空处提到的 “Yu matter！” 相呼应。故选D。
7. A 通过上下文分析，此处提到“突然把车开到她旁边”。所以她应该感到很害怕。故选A。
8. C 通过上下文分析，此处指代上题提到的 “一个开着跑车的男人突然把车开到她旁边，一边挥手一边用嘴说： ‘你很重要！’，她被吓了一跳。”这件事。故选C。
9. A 通过上下文分析，该空的动词和同句中的saying构成前后的逻辑关系。先走近，然后说。故选A。
10. B 通过上下文分析，后句提到“I've seen varius stickers befre, but nne f them have tuched me as yur sticker has dne.”可知，这个贴纸和他见过的其他贴纸不一样。故选B。
11. A 通过上下文分析，文章中提到的 “贴纸” 是Amie贴在保险杠上的，用来鼓励大家的。很多人都是碰巧无意中看到而受感动的。故选A。
12. B 通过上下文分析，下文讲到Amie的行为给人们带来了一些思考即启发了人们。故选B。
13. C 通过上下文分析，前文提到 “像Amie这样的故事真的激励了我们其他人”。同时在最后一句话提到 “它们看似渺小，却能对世界产生积极的影响”。综合分析，一些小行为会振奋我们的精神。故选C。
14. D 通过上下文分析，表扬孩子，是因为他们在学校的表现不错。故选 D。
15. C 通过上下文分析，此处是对上文进行总结：上文提到了Amie的这种行为，给人们带来了很多的共鸣，激励其他人。还提到“有时候，一句友善的话语或一个手势可能会让我们的精神振奋起来”可知，这些行为的影响是积极的。故选C。
Ⅳ. 语法填空
Yu've heard f getting lst in a bk. Nw, get ready t get lst in a “river f bks” Zhngshuge, a bkstre in Yangzhu, China. When 1. ________(walk) int Zhngshuge, yu're surrunded n all sides by a tunnel f bks. An 2. ________ (architecture) studi called X＋Living designed Zhngshuge. The shelves 3. ________(arrange) in curved shapes t create the tunnellike appearance.
The flr is cvered with black mirrrs, reflecting the shelves abve and creating the feel 4. ________ the bkshelves cntinue dwn past the flr yu're standing 5. ________. As it turns ut, the stre's design has mre 6. ________(significant) than just a fun feel. Yangzhu is full f canals and rivers. X＋Living, therefre, 7. ________(cmbine) this cncept with Zhngshuge 8. ________(perfect), and tried t create a “river” f bks. As if all that weren't enugh, Zhngshuge has9. ________ amazing space fr children's bks as well. The bkshelves are shaped like huses, cluds, and even a ht air balln 10. ________(ffer) them a paradise.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国扬州的一家书店——钟书阁。
1. walking 考查省略句。在when连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。本句的完整形式为“When(yu are) walking int Zhngshuge”。故填walking。
2. architectural 考查形容词。修饰名词studi应用形容词architectural，表示“建筑学的”。故填architectural。
3. are arranged 考查动词时态及语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为shelves，故谓语动词用复数形式。故填are arranged。
4. that 考查同位语从句。此处为同位语从句修饰先行词feel，且从句中不缺少成分，故用that。
5. n 考查介词。根据短语stand n表示“站在”，故填n。
6. significance 考查名词。此处作动词has的宾语，应用名词significance“意义，重要性”。故填significance。
7. cmbined 考查动词时态。cmbine在句中是谓语动词，且根据后文中的并列谓语“and tried”可知，应用一般过去时。故填cmbined。
8. perfectly 考查副词。此处修饰动词cmbine应用副词perfectly，表示“完美地”。故填perfectly。
9. an 考查冠词。space表示“间隔”为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且amazing为元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
10. t ffer 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，ffer在句中作非谓语动词，且此处作目的状语应用不定式。故填t ffer。
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